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Krawczyk-Łebek A, Żarowska B, Dymarska M, Janeczko T, Kostrzewa-Susłow E. Synthesis, fungal biotransformation, and evaluation of the antimicrobial potential of chalcones with a chlorine atom. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15050. [PMID: 38951205 PMCID: PMC11217454 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Chalcones are intermediate products in the biosynthesis of flavonoids, which possess a wide range of biological properties, including antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The introduction of a chlorine atom and the glucosyl moiety into their structure may increase their bioavailability, bioactivity, and pharmacological use. The combined chemical and biotechnological methods can be applied to obtain such compounds. Therefore, 2-chloro-2'-hydroxychalcone and 3-chloro-2'-hydroxychalcone were synthesized and biotransformed in cultures of two strains of filamentous fungi, i.e. Isaria fumosorosea KCH J2 and Beauveria bassiana KCH J1.5 to obtain their novel glycosylated derivatives. Pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness, and biological activity of them were predicted using cheminformatics tools. 2-Chloro-2'-hydroxychalcone, 3-chloro-2'-hydroxychalcone, their main glycosylation products, and 2'-hydrochychalcone were screened for antimicrobial activity against several microbial strains. The growth of Escherichia coli 10,536 was completely inhibited by chalcones with a chlorine atom and 3-chlorodihydrochalcone 2'-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside. The strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa DSM 939 was the most resistant to the action of the tested compounds. However, chalcone aglycones and glycosides with a chlorine atom almost completely inhibited the growth of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus DSM 799 and yeast Candida albicans DSM 1386. The tested compounds had different effects on lactic acid bacteria depending on the tested species. In general, chlorinated chalcones were more effective in the inhibition of the tested microbial strains than their unchlorinated counterparts and aglycones were a little more effective than their glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Krawczyk-Łebek
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Barbara Żarowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Dymarska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janeczko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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2
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Dhaliwal JS, Moshawih S, Goh KW, Loy MJ, Hossain MS, Hermansyah A, Kotra V, Kifli N, Goh HP, Dhaliwal SKS, Yassin H, Ming LC. Pharmacotherapeutics Applications and Chemistry of Chalcone Derivatives. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207062. [PMID: 36296655 PMCID: PMC9607940 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones have been well examined in the extant literature and demonstrated antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. A detailed evaluation of the purported health benefits of chalcone and its derivatives, including molecular mechanisms of pharmacological activities, can be further explored. Therefore, this review aimed to describe the main characteristics of chalcone and its derivatives, including their method synthesis and pharmacotherapeutics applications with molecular mechanisms. The presence of the reactive α,β-unsaturated system in the chalcone’s rings showed different potential pharmacological properties, including inhibitory activity on enzymes, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, and anti-filarial activity. Changing the structure by adding substituent groups to the aromatic ring can increase potency, reduce toxicity, and broaden pharmacological action. This report also summarized the potential health benefits of chalcone derivatives, particularly antimicrobial activity. We found that several chalcone compounds can inhibit diverse targets of antibiotic-resistance development pathways; therefore, they overcome resistance, and bacteria become susceptible to antibacterial compounds. A few chalcone compounds were more active than conventional antibiotics, like vancomycin and tetracycline. On another note, a series of pyran-fused chalcones and trichalcones can block the NF-B signaling complement system implicated in inflammation, and several compounds demonstrated more potent lipoxygenase inhibition than NSAIDs, such as indomethacin. This report integrated discussion from the domains of medicinal chemistry, organic synthesis, and diverse pharmacological applications, particularly for the development of new anti-infective agents that could be a useful reference for pharmaceutical scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagjit Singh Dhaliwal
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
- Correspondence: (J.S.D.); (A.H.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Said Moshawih
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Mei Jun Loy
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai 81300, Malaysia
| | - Md. Sanower Hossain
- Centre for Sustainability of Ecosystem and Earth Resources (Pusat ALAM), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan 26300, Malaysia
| | - Andi Hermansyah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (J.S.D.); (A.H.); (L.C.M.)
| | - Vijay Kotra
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Quest International University, Ipoh 30250, Malaysia
| | - Nurolaini Kifli
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Hui Poh Goh
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | | | - Hayati Yassin
- Faculty of Integrated Technologies, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (J.S.D.); (A.H.); (L.C.M.)
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3
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Rajendran G, Bhanu D, Aruchamy B, Ramani P, Pandurangan N, Bobba KN, Oh EJ, Chung HY, Gangadaran P, Ahn BC. Chalcone: A Promising Bioactive Scaffold in Medicinal Chemistry. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101250. [PMID: 36297362 PMCID: PMC9607481 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones are a class of privileged scaffolds with high medicinal significance due to the presence of an α,β-unsaturated ketone functionality. Numerous functional modifications of chalcones have been reported, along with their pharmacological behavior. The present review aims to summarize the structures from natural sources, synthesis methods, biological characteristics against infectious and non-infectious diseases, and uses of chalcones over the past decade, and their structure–activity relationship studies are detailed in depth. This critical review provides guidelines for the future design and synthesis of various chalcones. In addition, this could be highly supportive for medicinal chemists to develop more promising candidates for various infectious and non-infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Rajendran
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE–AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
| | - Deepu Bhanu
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE–AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
| | - Baladhandapani Aruchamy
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE–AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
| | - Prasanna Ramani
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE–AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (B.-C.A.)
| | - Nanjan Pandurangan
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Arts and Sciences, Mysuru Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru 570026, India
| | - Kondapa Naidu Bobba
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California (San Francisco), San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Eun Jung Oh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Ho Yun Chung
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Prakash Gangadaran
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (B.-C.A.)
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4
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Romeu MC, Freire PT, Ayala AP, Barreto AC, Oliveira LS, de Oliveira MR, Bandeira PN, dos Santos HS, Teixeira AM, Vasconcelos DL. Synthesis, crystal structure and ATR-FTIR, FT-Raman and UV–Vis spectroscopic analysis of dihydrochalcone (3R)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Li Z, Liu W, Wang B, Yang Y, Liu D, Dai Y. The crystal structure of 1,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(3-methylphenyl)pentane- 1,5-dione, C 48H 40Cl 4O 4. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2022-0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C48H40Cl4O4, triclinic,
P
1
‾
$P\overline{1}$
(no. 2), a = 7.1407(5) Å, b = 12.5905(8) Å, c = 24.6662(17) Å, α = 103.442(6)°, β = 93.551(5)°, γ = 101.219(5)°, V = 2102.3(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0595, wR
ref
(F
2) = 0.1641, T = 293 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252000 , Shandong , China
| | - Wanxing Liu
- The Non-Public Enterprise Service Center of Liaocheng, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252000 , Shandong , China
| | - Baolei Wang
- The Non-Public Enterprise Service Center of Liaocheng, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252000 , Shandong , China
| | - Yanbing Yang
- The Non-Public Enterprise Service Center of Liaocheng, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252000 , Shandong , China
| | - Dong Liu
- The Non-Public Enterprise Service Center of Liaocheng, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252000 , Shandong , China
| | - Yifan Dai
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering , Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252000 , Shandong , China
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6
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Priya MK, Jonathan DR, Muthu S, Shirmila DA, Hemalatha J, Usha G. Structural examination, theoretical calculations, and pharmaceutical scanning of a new tetralone based chalcone derivative. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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7
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Investigation of electrochemical and indicator properties of chalcone type compounds. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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8
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Characterization, molecular modeling and pharmacology of some 2́-hydroxychalcone derivatives as SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022; 4:100329. [PMID: 35313614 PMCID: PMC8925283 DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work presented the microwave assisted synthesis of six new 2́-hydroxychalcones and their characterization based on FTIR, UV-Vis, 1H NMR, and mass spectral analysis. Quantum chemical studies confirmed the structures of prepared chalcones. Antioxidant, in vitro antimicrobial and in silico antiviral studies have been performed to evaluate their biological performance. Results of molecular docking of prepared 2́-hydroxychalcones against SARS-CoV-2 (7BQY) main protease disclosed their inhibition which is comparable to standard, remdesivir and better than hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). ADMET prediction revealed them to be non-carcinogenic and relatively safe.
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9
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Abstract
AbstractThere is always a need for efficient luminescent materials with simple synthesis and possible ease of hydrogen atom or functional group manipulation for use in different optoelectronic and biological applications. However, for certain real-world uses aggregation caused quenching effect of luminophores in their solid/aggregate state is undesirable, and is a cause of concern in areas, wherein the solid-state optical performance is more crucial. In this regard, chalcones have been explored for their ability to display aggregation-induced emission (AIE) or aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE), which can be of practical use. This article is thus focused on an integrated evidence-based report on the AIE/AIEE-active chalcone systems for potential technological and biological applications.
Graphic abstract
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10
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Lu CF, Wang SH, Pang XJ, Zhu T, Li HL, Li QR, Li QY, Gu YF, Mu ZY, Jin MJ, Li YR, Hu YY, Zhang YB, Song J, Zhang SY. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Amino Chalcone Derivatives as Antiproliferative Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235530. [PMID: 33255804 PMCID: PMC7728372 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcone is a common scaffold found in many biologically active compounds. The chalcone scaffold was also frequently utilized to design novel anticancer agents with potent biological efficacy. Aiming to continue the research of effective chalcone derivatives to treat cancers with potent anticancer activity, fourteen amino chalcone derivatives were designed and synthesized. The antiproliferative activity of amino chalcone derivatives was studied in vitro and 5-Fu as a control group. Some of the compounds showed moderate to good activity against three human cancer cells (MGC-803, HCT-116 and MCF-7 cells) and compound 13e displayed the best antiproliferative activity against MGC-803 cells, HCT-116 cells and MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 1.52 μM (MGC-803), 1.83 μM (HCT-116) and 2.54 μM (MCF-7), respectively which was more potent than the positive control (5-Fu). Further mechanism studies were explored. The results of cell colony formatting assay suggested compound 10e inhibited the colony formation of MGC-803 cells. DAPI fluorescent staining and flow cytometry assay showed compound 13e induced MGC-803 cells apoptosis. Western blotting experiment indicated compound 13e induced cell apoptosis via the extrinsic/intrinsic apoptosis pathway in MGC-803 cells. Therefore, compound 13e might be a valuable lead compound as antiproliferative agents and amino chalcone derivatives worth further effort to improve amino chalcone derivatives' potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Fan Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.-F.L.); (S.-H.W.); (X.-J.P.); (H.-L.L.); (Q.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (Y.-F.G.); (Z.-Y.M.); (M.-J.J.); (Y.-R.L.)
| | - Sheng-Hui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.-F.L.); (S.-H.W.); (X.-J.P.); (H.-L.L.); (Q.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (Y.-F.G.); (Z.-Y.M.); (M.-J.J.); (Y.-R.L.)
| | - Xiao-Jing Pang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.-F.L.); (S.-H.W.); (X.-J.P.); (H.-L.L.); (Q.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (Y.-F.G.); (Z.-Y.M.); (M.-J.J.); (Y.-R.L.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (T.Z.); (Y.-B.Z.)
| | - Ting Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (T.Z.); (Y.-B.Z.)
| | - Hong-Li Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.-F.L.); (S.-H.W.); (X.-J.P.); (H.-L.L.); (Q.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (Y.-F.G.); (Z.-Y.M.); (M.-J.J.); (Y.-R.L.)
| | - Qing-Rong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.-F.L.); (S.-H.W.); (X.-J.P.); (H.-L.L.); (Q.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (Y.-F.G.); (Z.-Y.M.); (M.-J.J.); (Y.-R.L.)
| | - Qian-Yu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.-F.L.); (S.-H.W.); (X.-J.P.); (H.-L.L.); (Q.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (Y.-F.G.); (Z.-Y.M.); (M.-J.J.); (Y.-R.L.)
| | - Yu-Fan Gu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.-F.L.); (S.-H.W.); (X.-J.P.); (H.-L.L.); (Q.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (Y.-F.G.); (Z.-Y.M.); (M.-J.J.); (Y.-R.L.)
| | - Zhao-Yang Mu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.-F.L.); (S.-H.W.); (X.-J.P.); (H.-L.L.); (Q.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (Y.-F.G.); (Z.-Y.M.); (M.-J.J.); (Y.-R.L.)
| | - Min-Jie Jin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.-F.L.); (S.-H.W.); (X.-J.P.); (H.-L.L.); (Q.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (Y.-F.G.); (Z.-Y.M.); (M.-J.J.); (Y.-R.L.)
| | - Yin-Ru Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.-F.L.); (S.-H.W.); (X.-J.P.); (H.-L.L.); (Q.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (Y.-F.G.); (Z.-Y.M.); (M.-J.J.); (Y.-R.L.)
| | - Yang-Yang Hu
- Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Yan-Bing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (T.Z.); (Y.-B.Z.)
| | - Jian Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.-F.L.); (S.-H.W.); (X.-J.P.); (H.-L.L.); (Q.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (Y.-F.G.); (Z.-Y.M.); (M.-J.J.); (Y.-R.L.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (T.Z.); (Y.-B.Z.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (S.-Y.Z.)
| | - Sai-Yang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.-F.L.); (S.-H.W.); (X.-J.P.); (H.-L.L.); (Q.-R.L.); (Q.-Y.L.); (Y.-F.G.); (Z.-Y.M.); (M.-J.J.); (Y.-R.L.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (T.Z.); (Y.-B.Z.)
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (S.-Y.Z.)
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11
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Irfan R, Mousavi S, Alazmi M, Saleem RSZ. A Comprehensive Review of Aminochalcones. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225381. [PMID: 33213087 PMCID: PMC7698532 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones, members of the flavonoid family, display a plethora of interesting biological activities including but not limited to antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antiprotozoal activities. The literature cites the synthesis and activity of a range of natural, semisynthetic, and synthetic chalcones. The current review comprehensively covers the literature on amino-substituted chalcones and includes chalcones with amino-groups at various positions on the aromatic rings as well as those with amino-groups containing mono alkylation, dialkylation, alkenylation, acylation, and sulfonylation. The aminochalcones are categorized according to their structure, and the corresponding biological activities are discussed as well. Some compounds showed high potency against cancer cells, microbes, and malaria, whereas others did not. The purpose of this review is to serve as a one-stop location for information on the aminochalcones reported in the literature in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimsha Irfan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Sciences and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, DHA, Lahore 54792, Pakistan; (R.I.); (S.M.)
| | - Shikufa Mousavi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Sciences and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, DHA, Lahore 54792, Pakistan; (R.I.); (S.M.)
| | - Meshari Alazmi
- Department of Information and Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha’il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha’il 81481, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rahman Shah Zaib Saleem
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Sciences and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, DHA, Lahore 54792, Pakistan; (R.I.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +92-42-35608215
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12
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Ngameni B, Erdoğan M, Kuete V, Dalkılıç E, Ngadjui BT, Daştan A. Synthesis and structural characterization of novel O-substituted phenolic and chalcone derivatives with antioxidant activity. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1747519820932789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 4- O-alkyltriazolylphenolic derivatives is first synthesized with good to excellent yields via the click reaction of 3-methoxy-4- O-propargylbenzaldehyde or 3-allyl-4- O-propargylacetophenone and aromatic azide derivatives. Next, the chalcones are prepared via the Claisen-Schmidt method from 4- O-alkylphenylketone derivatives in the presence of the corresponding (hetero)aromatic aldehydes as electrophiles. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds are confirmed from their infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data, and by elemental analysis. The main advantages of this procedure are the simplicity of the reaction conditions, easily available starting materials, and simple work-up. The antioxidant activity of several of the products is determined using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) radical scavenging assay. 4- O-propargylvanillin (IC50 = 14.54 µg/mL) had moderate antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bathélémy Ngameni
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Musa Erdoğan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Erdin Dalkılıç
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Bonaventure T Ngadjui
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Arif Daştan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Qin HL, Zhang ZW, Lekkala R, Alsulami H, Rakesh K. Chalcone hybrids as privileged scaffolds in antimalarial drug discovery: A key review. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 193:112215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Turkovic N, Ivkovic B, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Tasic M, Marković B, Vujic Z. Molecular Docking, Synthesis and anti-HIV-1 Protease Activity of Novel Chalcones. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:802-814. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200203125557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Since the beginning of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, 75 million people have been infected
with the HIV and about 32 million people have died of AIDS. Investigation of the molecular mechanisms critical
to the HIV replication cycle led to the identification of potential drug targets for AIDS therapy. One of the most
important discoveries is HIV-1 protease, an enzyme that plays an essential role in the replication cycle of HIV.
Objective:
The aim of the present study is to synthesize and investigate anti-HIV-1 protease activity of some
chalcone derivatives with the hope of discovering new lead structure devoid drug resistance.
Methods:
20 structurally similar chalcone derivatives were synthesized and their physico-chemical characterization
was performed. Binding of chalcones to HIV-1 protease was investigated by fluorimetric assay. Molecular
docking studies were conducted to understand the interactions.
Results:
The obtained results revealed that all compounds showed anti-HIV-1 protease activity. Compound C1
showed the highest inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.001 μM, which is comparable with commercial
product Darunavir.
Conclusion:
It is difficult to provide general principles of inhibitor design. Structural properties of the compounds
are not the only consideration; ease of chemical synthesis, low molecular weight, bioavailability, and
stability are also of crucial importance. Compared to commercial products the main advantage of compound C1 is
the ease of chemical synthesis and low molecular weight. Furthermore, compound C1 has a structure that is different
to peptidomimetics, which could contribute to its stability and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemanja Turkovic
- Agency for Medicines and Medical Devices of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Branka Ivkovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Kotur-Stevuljevic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Tasic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Marković
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorica Vujic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Lokesh BVS, Prasad YR, Shaik AB. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of New Pyrazolines as an Antitubercular and Cytotoxic Agents. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2020; 19:310-321. [PMID: 30556506 DOI: 10.2174/1871526519666181217120626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many synthetic procedures were reported till date to prepare pyrazoline derivatives. Some have published pyrazolines from different chalcone derivatives in the literature. OBJECTIVE A series of new pyrazolines containing novel 2,5-dichloro-3-acetylthiophene chalcone moiety (PZT1-PZT20) have been synthesized, characterized by 1HNMR and 13CNMR and evaluated for them in vitro antitubercular activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain and in vitro anticancer activity against DU-145 prostate cancer cell lines and all compounds were also screened for molecular docking studies against specific targeted protein domains. METHODS All compounds were screened for potential activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (MTB) strain and anticancer activity against DU-149 prostate cancer cell lines using MTT cytotoxicity assay. RESULTS Among the series, compound PZT5 with 2", 4"-dichlorophenyl group at 5-position on the pyrazoline ring exhibited the most potent antitubercular activity (MIC=1.60 µg/mL) and compounds PZT2, PZT9, PZT11, PZT15, and PZT20 showed similar antitubercular activity against standard pyrazinamide (MIC=3.12 µg/mL) by broth dilution assay. PZT15 and PZT17 with 4"- pyridinyl and 2"-pyrrolyl groups on pyrazoline ring were found to exhibit better anticancer activity against DU-149 prostate cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 2.0±0.2 µg/mL and 6.0±0.3 µg/mL respectively by MTT assay. The preliminary structure-activity relationship has been summarized. The molecular docking studies with crystalline structures of enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase InhA interaction with target protein (2NSD; PDB and 3FNG; PDB) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (MTB) strain have also exhibited good ligand interaction and binding affinity. Ligand interaction and binding affinity were estimated using crystal structures of both types of enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase InhA (3FNG.pdb) and found to be much higher (-16.70 to - 19.20 kcal/mol) compared with pyrazinamide (-10.70 kcal/mol) as a standard target molecule. Whereas the binding affinities of six active compounds with crystal structure of other type of enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase InhA (2NSD.pdb) were much similar and higher (-9.30 to - 11.20 kcal/mole) than pyrazinamide (-11.10 kcal/mole). CONCLUSION These new pyrazolines would be promising potent inhibitors of drug sensitive and drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain and potential anticancer agents against prostate cancer and other prototypes of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Y Rajendra Prasad
- AU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India
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Cheng P, Yang L, Huang X, Wang X, Gong M. Chalcone hybrids and their antimalarial activity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e1900350. [PMID: 32003489 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201900350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Malaria, one of the most striking, re-emerging infectious diseases caused by the genus Plasmodium, places a huge burden on global healthcare systems. A major challenge in the control and eradication of malaria is the continuous emergence of increasingly widespread drug-resistant malaria, creating an urgent need to develop novel antimalarial agents. Chalcone derivatives are ubiquitous in nature and have become indispensable units in medicinal chemistry applications due to their diverse biological profiles. Many chalcone derivatives demonstrate potential in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activity, so chalcone could be a useful template for the development of novel antimalarial agents. This review covers the recent development of chalcone hybrids as antimalarial agents. The critical aspects of the design and structure-activity relationship of these compounds are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cheng
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Linlin Yang
- Department of Vector Biological Control, Jining Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China
| | - Maoqing Gong
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, Shandong, China
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Guruswamy DKM, Jayarama S. Proapoptotic and anti-angiogenic activity of (2E)-3-(2-bromo-6-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(naphthalene-2-yl) prop-2-en-1-one in MCF7 cell line. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Sinha S, Batovska DI, Medhi B, Radotra BD, Bhalla A, Markova N, Sehgal R. In vitro anti-malarial efficacy of chalcones: cytotoxicity profile, mechanism of action and their effect on erythrocytes. Malar J 2019; 18:421. [PMID: 31842914 PMCID: PMC6916019 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-3060-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria extensively leads to mortality and morbidity in endemic regions, and the emergence of drug resistant parasites is alarming. Plant derived synthetic pharmaceutical compounds are found to be a foremost research to obtain diverse range of potent leads. Amongst them, the chalcone scaffold is a functional template for drug discovery. The present study involves synthesis of ten chalcones with various substitution pattern in rings A and B and assessment of their anti-malarial efficacy against chloroquine sensitive and chloroquine resistant strains as well as of their cytotoxicity and effect on haemozoin production. METHODS The chalcones were synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation between equimolar quantities of substituted acetophenones and aryl benzaldehydes (or indole-3-carboxaldehyde) and were screened for anti-malarial activity by WHO Mark III schizont maturation inhibition assay. The cytotoxicity profile of a HeLa cell line was evaluated through MTT viability assay and the selectivity index (SI) was calculated. Haemozoin inhibition assay was performed to illustrate mode of action on a Plasmodium falciparum strain. RESULTS The IC50 values of all compounds were in the range 0.10-0.40 μg/mL for MRC-2 (a chloroquine sensitive strain) and 0.14-0.55 μg/mL for RKL-9 (a chloroquine resistant strain) of P. falciparum. All the chalcones showed low cellular toxicity with minimal haemolysis. The statistically significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the haemozoin production suggests a similar mechanism than that of chloroquine. CONCLUSIONS Out of ten chalcones, number 7 was found to be a lead compound with the highest potency (IC50 = 0.11 µg/mL), as compared to licochalcone (IC50 = 1.43 µg/mL) and with high selectivity index of 85.05.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sinha
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Daniela I Batovska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - B D Radotra
- Department of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashish Bhalla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nadezhda Markova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rakesh Sehgal
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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Nurkenov OA, Ibraev MK, Schepetkin IA, Khlebnikov AI, Seilkhanov TM, Arinova AE, Isabaeva MB. Synthesis, Structure, and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Functionally Substituted Chalcones and Their Derivatives. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363219070028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Synthesis of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzoxazol-2-ones by a highly regioselective Diels-Alder cycloaddition of exo-oxazolidin-2-one dienes with chalcones. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Montes-González I, Alsina-Sánchez AM, Aponte-Santini JC, Delgado-Rivera SM, Durán-Camacho GL. Perspectives of ferrocenyl chalcones: synthetic scaffolds toward biomedical and materials science applications. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2018-0802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Ferrocene and its derivatives constitute versatile and interesting scaffolds for the global chemical enterprise due to its multiple applications that range from biomedical to materials science. Ferrocenyl derivatives are the leading compounds in our research for the syntheses and characterization as well as their potential biological applications. Among them, our recent focus has been in ferrocenyl chalcones as a framework for further derivatization. The proposed modifications consist on the incorporation of heterocyclic moieties into the ferrocenyl chalcone core. This can be afforded either by introducing a heterocyclic aromatic moiety as a substituent or functionalizing the α-β unsaturated system. Another modification explored is the formation of ammonium or pyridinium salts to increase water solubility. Studied ferrocenyl chalcones exhibit remarkable stability, physical, and electrochemical properties. These factors have led the approaches for them to be precursors of biologically active compounds (cancer, bacteria, malaria, and neurobiological diseases). Moreover, other potential applications include molecular materials, redox-sensors, and polymers. Our goal in this mini review is to highlight the chemistry of ferrocene derivatives with particular prominence to those ferrocenyl chalcones studied in our laboratory and their applications. Moreover, we are providing a background on ferrocene, chalcones, and ferrocenyl chalcones, emphasizing the methodologies with preeminent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Montes-González
- Department of Chemistry , University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras Campus , San Juan , Puerto Rico
| | - Ambar M. Alsina-Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry , University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras Campus , San Juan , Puerto Rico
| | - Juan C. Aponte-Santini
- Department of Chemistry , University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras Campus , San Juan , Puerto Rico
| | - Sara M. Delgado-Rivera
- Department of Chemistry , University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras Campus , San Juan , Puerto Rico
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Li J, Li D, Xu Y, Guo Z, Liu X, Yang H, Wu L, Wang L. Corrigendum to "Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking of chalcone derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents" [Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 27 (3) (2017) 602-606]. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:3822. [PMID: 30385163 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingfen Li
- Department of Life Science, Huzhou Teachers' College, Huzhou 313000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenbo Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lichuan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lisheng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China.
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Recent progress in synthesis and characterization of metal chalcone complexes and their potential as bioactive agents. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Hosseini SA, Eslami Moghadam M, Saeidifar M, Saboury AA. Biological effect and molecular docking of anticancer palladium and platinum complexes with morpholine dithiocarbamate on human serum albumin as a blood carrier protein. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:1276-1285. [PMID: 30278151 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the interaction of [Pd(2,2'-bipyridine) (morpholinedithiocarbamate)]NO3 and [Pt (2,2'-bipyridine)(morpholinedithiocarbamate)]NO3 with human serum albumin under physiological conditions by using fluorescence, absorption, and circular dichroism spectroscopic techniques. Spectroscopic analysis of the emission quenching at different temperatures demonstrated that the quenching mechanism was static quenching. From the circular dichroism results, thermal stability study, it was found that the interaction of the complexes with human serum albumin caused a conformational change of the protein reversibly. These 2 anticancer Pd and Pt complexes were activated against chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line K562, so that 50% cytotoxic concentration values of 16 and 26 μM for Pd and Pt complexes, respectively, were observed, which were much lower than that of cisplatin (154 μM). Biological activities of both Pd and Pt complexes were also assayed against selective microorganisms by the disc diffusion method. These results showed that the Pd(II) complex is antifungal agent but Pt(II) complex has antibacterial activity. Also, the interaction of both metal derivative complexes was studied by molecular docking. Complementary molecular docking results may be useful to determine the binding mechanism of human serum albumin in pharmaceutical and biophysical studies providing new insight in the novel pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Hosseini
- a Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Saeidifar
- b Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Saboury
- c Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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The influence of donor substituents on spectral properties and biological activities of fluorescent markers conjugated with protein. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Sathiyaraj E, Thirumaran S, Selvanayagam S, Sridhar B, Ciattini S. C H⋯Ni and C H⋯π(chelate) interactions in nickel(II) complexes involving functionalized dithiocarbamates and triphenylphosphine. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abu Bakar A, Akhtar MN, Mohd Ali N, Yeap SK, Quah CK, Loh WS, Alitheen NB, Zareen S, Ul-Haq Z, Shah SAA. Design, Synthesis and Docking Studies of Flavokawain B Type Chalcones and Their Cytotoxic Effects on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Cell Lines. Molecules 2018. [PMID: 29518053 PMCID: PMC6017189 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavokawain B (1) is a natural chalcone extracted from the roots of Piper methysticum, and has been proven to be a potential cytotoxic compound. Using the partial structure of flavokawain B (FKB), about 23 analogs have been synthesized. Among them, compounds 8, 13 and 23 were found in new FKB derivatives. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic properties against two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, thus establishing the structure–activity relationship. The FKB derivatives 16 (IC50 = 6.50 ± 0.40 and 4.12 ± 0.20 μg/mL), 15 (IC50 = 5.50 ± 0.35 and 6.50 ± 1.40 μg/mL) and 13 (IC50 = 7.12 ± 0.80 and 4.04 ± 0.30 μg/mL) exhibited potential cytotoxic effects on the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. However, the methoxy group substituted in position three and four in compound 2 (IC50 = 8.90 ± 0.60 and 6.80 ± 0.35 μg/mL) and 22 (IC50 = 8.80 ± 0.35 and 14.16 ± 1.10 μg/mL) exhibited good cytotoxicity. The lead compound FKB (1) showed potential cytotoxicity (IC50 = 7.70 ± 0.30 and 5.90 ± 0.30 μg/mL) against two proposed breast cancer cell lines. It is evident that the FKB skeleton is unique for anticancer agents, additionally, the presence of halogens (Cl and F) in position 2 and 3 also improved the cytotoxicity in FKB series. These findings could help to improve the future drug discovery process to treat breast cancer. A molecular dynamics study of active compounds revealed stable interactions within the active site of Janus kinase. The structures of all compounds were determined by 1H-NMR, EI-MS, IR and UV and X-ray crystallographic spectroscopy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addila Abu Bakar
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan 26300, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan 26300, Malaysia.
| | - Norlaily Mohd Ali
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- Chine-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, Sepang 43900, Malaysia.
| | - Ching Kheng Quah
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, University Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Wan-Sin Loh
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, University Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Seema Zareen
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan 26300, Malaysia.
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Research Institute of Natural Products for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia.
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Abstract
Determination of the corresponding bond dissociation enthalpy, ionization potential and proton affinity, dipole moment values, highest occupied molecular orbital eigenvalues, and spin density along with the bioactivity score is central to the antioxidant activity evaluation in this paper. Molecular geometries were optimized with DFT using B3LYP and UB3LYP for parent, ionic, and radical species and 6-311+G(d,p) basis set. Bioactivity, drug likeness, and drug scores were calculated using freely available cheminformatics programs for data visualization and analysis. Overall, the values revealed two structures as promising molecules because of good reaction enthalpies (ΔHr). Lipinski rules were fully satisfied for all molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cotes
- Departamento de Química y Biología, Universidad del Norte, Km 5 Vía Puerto Colombia, Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - José Cotuá
- Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad del Atlántico, Km 7 Vía Puerto Colombia, Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Amner Muñoz
- Departamento de Química y Biología, Universidad del Norte, Km 5 Vía Puerto Colombia, Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
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Singh VD, Salian VV, Narayana B, Sarojini BK, Kamni, Anthal S, Kant R. Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Chalcone Derivative. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774517070240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Burmudžija A, Muškinja J, Ratković Z, Kosanić M, Ranković B, Novaković SB, Bogdanović GA. Pyrazoline derivatives of acryloyl substituted ferrocenyl ketones: Synthesis, antimicrobial activity and structural properties. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rajesh Kumar M, Alagumuthu M, Violet Dhayabaran V. N-substituted hydroxynaphthalene imino-oxindole derivatives as new class of PI3-kinase inhibitor and breast cancer drug: Molecular validation and structure-activity relationship studies. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 91:277-284. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; Bishop Heber College; Tiruchirappalli India
| | - Manikandan Alagumuthu
- Department of Biotechnology; School of Bio-Sciences and Technology; VIT University; Vellore India
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Krawczyk P, Czeleń P, Szefler B, Cysewski P. Theoretical studies on the interaction between chalcone dyes and Concanavalin A—The reactive group effects on the photophysical and biological properties of the fluorescence probe. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Investigation of the Interaction Between Chalcones with CT-DNA by Molecular Docking, ADMET and Fluorescence Spectroscopy. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES INDIA SECTION A-PHYSICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40010-017-0346-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bhale PS, Chavan HV, Dongare SB, Shringare SN, Mule YB, Nagane SS, Bandgar BP. Synthesis of extended conjugated indolyl chalcones as potent anti-breast cancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:1502-1507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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36
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Dohutia C, Chetia D, Gogoi K, Sarma K. Design, in silico and in vitro evaluation of curcumin analogues against Plasmodium falciparum. Exp Parasitol 2017; 175:51-58. [PMID: 28188731 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The polyphenolic compound curcumin has been reported for its antimalarial properties in various scientific studies. Plasmodium falciparum ATP6, the parasite orthologue of mammalian sarcoplasmic Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) has been identified as a key molecular target of both artemisinin and curcumin. The work was thereby undertaken to study the anti-malarial properties of two different series of curcumin analogues based on their docking interactions with PfATP6 and correlating the results with their anti-malarial activity. The compounds were designed retaining similar functional groups as that of the parent curcumin nucleus while incorporating changes in the carbon chain length, unsaturated groups and the number of ketone groups. The compounds (1E, 4E)-1,5-bis(4-methylphenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (CD-9), (1E, 4E)-1,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one (CD-8) and (E)-1,3-bis(4-hydroxylphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (CD-1) showed IC50 values of 1.642 μM, 1.764 μM and 2.59 μM in 3D7 strain and 3.039 μM, 7.40 μM and 11.3 μM in RKL-2 strain respectively. Detailed structure-activity relationship studies of the compounds showed that CD-9 and CD-8 had a common hydrophobic interaction with the residue Leu268 of the PfATP6 protein and has been postulated through our study to be the reason for their antimalarial activity as seen after corroborating the results with the in vitro study. The study provided valuable insight about the ligand-protein interaction of the various functional groups of curcumin and its analogues against the PfATP6 protein and their importance in imparting antimalarial action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrajit Dohutia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, India.
| | - Dipak Chetia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, India
| | - Kabita Gogoi
- Regional Medical Research Centre NE (Indian Council of Medical Research), Dibrugarh 786001, India
| | - Kishore Sarma
- Regional Medical Research Centre NE (Indian Council of Medical Research), Dibrugarh 786001, India
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Teng Y, Wang L, Liu H, Yuan Y, Zhang Q, Wu M, Wang L, Wang H, Liu Z, Yu P. 3′-Geranyl-mono-substituted chalcone Xanthoangelovl induces apoptosis in human leukemia K562 cells via activation of mitochondrial pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 261:103-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mousavi SR. Claisen-Schmidt condensation: Synthesis of (1S,6R)/(1R,6S)-2-oxo-N,4,6-triarylcyclohex-3-enecarboxamide derivatives with different substituents in H2O/EtOH. Chirality 2016; 28:728-736. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Thillainayagam M, Anbarasu A, Ramaiah S. Comparative molecular field analysis and molecular docking studies on novel aryl chalcone derivatives against an important drug target cysteine protease in Plasmodium falciparum. J Theor Biol 2016; 403:110-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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40
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Ferrocenyl chalcones with O-alkylated vanillins: synthesis, spectral characterization, microbiological evaluation, and single-crystal X-ray analysis. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1609-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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41
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Ratković Z, Muškinja J, Burmudžija A, Ranković B, Kosanić M, Bogdanović GA, Marković BS, Nikolić A, Arsenijević N, Đorđevic S, Vukićević RD. Dehydrozingerone based 1-acetyl-5-aryl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles: Synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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43
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Glaser J, Holzgrabe U. Focus on PAINS: false friends in the quest for selective anti-protozoal lead structures from Nature? MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00481k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pan-assay interference compounds (PAINS) are molecules showing promising but deceptive activities in various biochemical screenings mainly due to unselective interactions with the target.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Glaser
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry
- University of Wuerzburg
- 97074 Wuerzburg
- Germany
| | - U. Holzgrabe
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry
- University of Wuerzburg
- 97074 Wuerzburg
- Germany
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Jagadeesh M, Lavanya M, Hari Babu B, Hong K, Ma R, Kim J, Kim TK. Synthesis and detailed spectroscopic characterization of various hydroxy-functionalized fluorescent chalcones: A combined experimental and theoretical study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 150:557-564. [PMID: 26079513 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.05.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Four different bright yellow to orange hydroxy-substituted chalcones (i.e., 2',4-di-hydroxy (1), 2',3',4-trihydroxy (2), 2',3',4'-trihydroxy (3), and 2'-hydroxy-4-methoxy (4) chalcones) were synthesized and characterized by LC-MS, FT-IR, FT-Raman, and fluorescence spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. UV-visible absorption spectroscopy was also used. The experimental (theoretical) bandgaps of 1, 2, 3, and 4 are 2.89 (2.90), 2.93 (2.95), 3.04 (3.09), and 3.01 (2.91) eV, respectively. The hydroxy-substituted chalcones exhibited strong dual emissions as a consequence of the locally excited states followed by internal charge transfer processes. The molecular structures, lowest energy transitions, vibrational frequencies, and spectroscopic information were calculated using density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory methods at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) theoretical level. The experimental and theoretical data were compared and the relationship between them was briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jagadeesh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute of Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - M Lavanya
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - B Hari Babu
- Department of Surgery, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kiryong Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute of Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Rory Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute of Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonghan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 420-743, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Kyu Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Institute of Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea.
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Vibrational spectra analysis, NBO, HOMO–LUMO, and nonlinear optical behavior studies on 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-015-1567-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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46
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Synthesis, spectral and X-ray structural studies on Hg(II) dithiocarbamate complexes: A new precursor for HgS nanoparticles. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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47
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Sodium carbonate-catalyzed Claisen–Schmidt condensation: one-pot synthesis of highly functionalized cyclohexenones under environmental conditions. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-015-2146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kommidi DR, Pagadala R, Rana S, Singh P, Shintre SA, Koorbanally NA, Jonnalagadda SB, Moodley B. Novel carbapenem chalcone derivatives: synthesis, cytotoxicity and molecular docking studies. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:4344-50. [PMID: 25767041 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00197h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot efficient synthetic protocol is described for the synthesis of carbapenem chalcone derivatives using AAPTMS@MCM-41 heterogeneous catalyst. Various substituted aromatic aldehydes were attached to highly chiral and reactive carbapenem using this approach. The cytotoxic activity evaluation of all synthesized compounds was performed against lung cancer cell lines (A-549) and breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) using the MTT assay. Among the tested compounds, compound CPC-2 showed better activity against MCF-7 cell lines with an IC50 value 2.52 μM mL(-1); whereas compound CPC-4 showed good activity against A-549 cell lines with an IC50 value 1.59 μM mL(-1). In order to support the observed activity profiles, the representative compounds were flexibly docked into the active sites of the Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) enzyme and the Estrogen receptor (ERβ). The most active anticancer compounds exhibited stronger binding affinities for proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendar Reddy Kommidi
- School of Chemistry & Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Chiltern Hills, Durban 4000, South Africa.
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Synthesis, biological evaluation, quantitative-SAR and docking studies of novel chalcone derivatives as antibacterial and antioxidant agents. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/chempap-2015-0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn the present study, a series of chalcone derivatives including 17 new compounds were synthesised; their antibacterial activities against eleven bacteria, and their free radical-scavenging activities using DPPH were evaluated. All compounds showed significant antibacterial activities against both Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria. In particular, compound IIIf strongly inhibited Staphylococcus aureus (JMC 2151) and Enterococcus faecalis (CARS 2011-012) with MIC values of 6.25 μg mL
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50
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Design and synthesis of chalcone derivatives as inhibitors of the ferredoxin - ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase interaction of Plasmodium falciparum: pursuing new antimalarial agents. Molecules 2014; 19:21473-88. [PMID: 25532844 PMCID: PMC6271513 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191221473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Some chalcones have been designed and synthesized using Claisen-Schmidt reactions as inhibitors of the ferredoxin and ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase interaction to pursue a new selective antimalaria agent. The synthesized compounds exhibited inhibition interactions between PfFd-PfFNR in the range of 10.94%–50%. The three strongest inhibition activities were shown by (E)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (50%), (E)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (38.16%), and (E)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (31.58%). From the docking experiments we established that the amino group of the methoxyamino chlacone derivatives plays an important role in the inhibition activity by electrostatic interaction through salt bridges and that it forms more stable and better affinity complexes with FNR than with Fd.
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