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Esmaili S, Ebadi A, Khazaei A, Ghorbani H, Faramarzi MA, Mojtabavi S, Mahdavi M, Najafi Z. Novel Pyrano[3,2- c]quinoline-1,2,3-triazole Hybrids as Potential Anti-Diabetic Agents: In Vitro α-Glucosidase Inhibition, Kinetic, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:23412-23424. [PMID: 37426262 PMCID: PMC10324058 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel series of pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline-1,2,3-triazole hybrids 8a-o were synthesized and evaluated against the α-glucosidase enzyme. All compounds showed significant in vitro inhibitory activity (IC50 values of 1.19 ± 0.05 to 20.01 ± 0.02 μM) compared to the standard drug acarbose (IC50 = 750.0 μM). Among them, 2-amino-4-(3-((1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-5-oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline-3-carbonitrile (compound 8k) demonstrated the best inhibitory effect toward α-glucosidase (IC50 = 1.19 ± 0.05 μM) with a competitive pattern of inhibition. Since compound 8k was synthesized as a racemic mixture, molecular docking and dynamics simulations were performed on R- and S-enantiomers of compound 8k. Based on the molecular docking results, both R- and S-enantiomers of compound 8k displayed significant interactions with key residues including catalytic triad (Asp214, Glu276, and Asp349) in the enzyme active site. However, an in silico study indicated that S- and R-enantiomers were inversely located in the enzyme active site. The R-enantiomer formed a more stable complex with a higher binding affinity to the active site of α-glucosidase than that of the S- enantiomer. The benzyl ring in the most stable complex ((R)-compound 8k) was located in the bottom of the binding site and interacted with the enzyme active site, while the pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline moiety occupied the high solvent accessible entrance of the active site. Thus, the synthesized pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline-1,2,3-triazole hybrids seem to be promising scaffolds for the development of novel α-glucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Esmaili
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 6517838683, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ebadi
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural
Products Research Center, Hamadan University
of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838678, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Khazaei
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 6517838683, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ghorbani
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838678, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
Research Center, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mojtabavi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
Research Center, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology
and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical
Sciences Institute, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
| | - Zahra Najafi
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838678, Iran
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Sundaramoorthy R, Vadivelu M, Thirumoorthy K, Karthikeyan K, Praveen C. Step-Economical Mechanosynthesis of Hybrid Azoles: Deciphering Their π-Orbital and Pharmacological Characteristics. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300008. [PMID: 37055351 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
A hybrid pharmacophore strategy for unifying 1,2,3-triazole with 1,2,4-triazole cores to prepare mixed triazoles was accomplished by a ball-milling approach. The developed chemistry works under the catalysis of cupric oxide nanoparticles with salient features like one-jar operation, lower number of synthetic steps, catalyst recyclability, time-dependent product control, and good overall yields. π-Orbital properties based on theoretical calculations supported the suitability of these molecules for pharmacological screening. Therefore, the biological potency of the synthesized molecules was evaluated for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic activities. By virtue of their proton-donating tendency, all compounds showed promising radical-scavenging activity with the inhibition level reaching up to 90 %. These molecular hybrids also exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic potencies similar to those of standard compounds, owing to their electron-rich nature. Finally, α-amylase inhibitory potential was demonstrated in silico; significant regions necessary for enzyme inhibition were identified by hydrogen bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Sundaramoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600048, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugan Vadivelu
- Department of Chemistry, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600048, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kulandaivel Thirumoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kesavan Karthikeyan
- Department of Chemistry, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600048, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chandrasekar Praveen
- Electrochemical Power Sources Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
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Hou H, Qu B, Su C, Hou G, Gao F. Design, Synthesis and Anti-Lung Cancer Evaluation of 1, 2, 3-Triazole Tethered Dihydroartemisinin-Isatin Hybrids. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:801580. [PMID: 34975498 PMCID: PMC8716824 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.801580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of 1,2,3-triazole tethered dihydroartemisinin-isatin hybrids 8a-c and 9a-k were designed and synthesized. Their antiproliferative activity against A549, doxorubicin-resistant A549 (A549/DOX) as well as cisplatin-resistant A549 (A549/DDP) lung cancer cell lines was also investigated in this study. All hybrids (half maximal inhibitory concentration/IC50: 7.54–73.8 μM) were more potent than the parent drug dihydroartemisinin (IC50: 69.4–88.0 μM) and also non-cytotoxic towards mouse embryonic fibroblast cells NIH/3T3 (IC50: >100 μM). The structure-activity relationships illustrated that the substituents on C-3 and C-5 position of isatin moiety influenced the activity significantly. Imine at C-3 position decreased the activity, whereas fluoro at C-5 position enhanced the activity. In particular, hybrids 8a,c (IC50: 7.54–12.1 μM) and 9i (IC50: 9.10–15.9 μM) were comparable to cisplatin (IC50: 7.54–15.9 μM vs 9.38–19.7 μM) against A549 and A549/DOX, but 4.6–7.6 folds more potent than that of cisplatin (IC50: 8.77–14.3 μM vs 66.9 μM) against A549/DDP cells. Moreover, hybrids 8a,c exhibited excellent stability (liver microsomes: 68–83%) in mouse/human microsomes and good pharmacokinetic properties, demonstrating their potential as a novel anti-lung cancer chemotherapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Hou
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Qu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chen Su
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guihua Hou
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Synthesis and anticancer evaluation of some coumarin and azacoumarin derivatives. POLISH JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/pjct-2021-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Coumarin and its nitrogen analogue 1-aza coumarin are a class of lactones and lactams, respectively, which are indispensable heterocyclic units to both chemists and biochemists. 1-Aza coumarin derivatives, which ultimately metabolize as the corresponding 8-hydroxy coumarins in the biological system are therefore found to be very good anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and analgesic agents. A series of hybrid substituted coumarin and azacoumarin-3-carboxylic acid derivatives (8-methoxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (4a), 8-methoxyazacoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (4b), 5-bromo-8-methoxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (5a), 5-bromo-8-methoxyazacoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (5b), 2-acetoxy-5-bromo-8-methoxyquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (6), and 5,7-di(phenylazo)-8-methoxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (7) were synthesized and structurally proved using spectral and elemental analysis data. Substituted coumarin-3-carboxylic acid (4a and 5a) and Substituted azacoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (4b, 5b and 6) were tested for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HepG-2 cell lines.
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Design, Synthesis, Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel Triazole Linked 1,4‐Dihydropyridine‐isatin Scaffolds as Potent Anticancer Agents. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Sanduja M, Gupta J, Singh H, Pagare PP, Rana A. Uracil-coumarin based hybrid molecules as potent anti-cancer and anti-bacterial agents. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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de Oliveira Pedrosa Rolim M, de Almeida AR, da Rocha Pitta MG, de Melo Rêgo MJB, Quintans-Júnior LJ, de Souza Siqueira Quintans J, Heimfarth L, Scotti L, Scotti MT, da Cruz RMD, de Almeida RN, da Silva TG, de Oliveira JA, de Campos ML, Marchand P, Mendonça-Junior FJB. Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of CVIB, a codrug of carvacrol and ibuprofen as a novel anti-inflammatory agent. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 76:105856. [PMID: 31480005 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The search for new drugs with anti-inflammatory properties remains a challenge for modern medicine. Among the various strategies for drug discovery, deriving new chemical entities from known bioactive natural and/or synthetic compounds remains a promising approach. Here, we designed and synthesized CVIB, a codrug developed by association of carvacrol (a phenolic monoterpene) with ibuprofen (a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug). In silico pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties evaluation indicated low aqueous solubility (LogP ≥5.0). Nevertheless, the hybrid presented excellent oral bioavailability, gastrointestinal tract absorption, and low toxicity. CVIB did not present cytotoxicity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and promoted a significant reduction in IL-2, IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ cytokine levels in vitro. The LD50 was estimated to be approximately 5000 mg/kg. CVIB was stable and detectable in human plasma after 24 h. In vivo anti-inflammatory evaluations revealed that CVIB at 10 and 50 mg/kg i.p. caused a significant decrease in total leukocyte count (p < 0.01) and provoked a significant reduction in IL-1β (p < 0.01). CVIB at 10 mg/kg i.p. efficiently decreased inflammatory parameters better than the physical mixture (carvacrol + ibuprofen 10 mg/kg i.p.). The results suggest that the codrug approach is a good option for drug design and development, creating the possibility of combining NSAIDs with natural products in order to obtain new hybrid drugs may be useful for treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle de Oliveira Pedrosa Rolim
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Drug Delivery, State University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58071-160, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Anderson Rodrigues de Almeida
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Novel Therapeutic Approaches, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and Novel Therapeutic Approaches, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil
| | | | - Lucindo José Quintans-Júnior
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF) University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Heimfarth
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF) University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Post-Graduation Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil; Teaching and Research Management - University Hospital, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Post-Graduation Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Ryldene Marques Duarte da Cruz
- Post-Graduation Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Nóbrega de Almeida
- Post-Graduation Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Teresinha Gonçalves da Silva
- Department of Antibiotics, Center for Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50740-520, Brazil
| | - Jonata Augusto de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Toxicology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, SP 14801-902, Brazil
| | - Michel Leandro de Campos
- Health Research and Education Center (NUPADS), Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop, MT 78550-728, Brazil
| | - Pascal Marchand
- Université de Nantes, Cibles et Médicaments des Infections et du Cancer, IICiMed, EA 1155, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Francisco Jaime Bezerra Mendonça-Junior
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Drug Delivery, State University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58071-160, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil.
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Singh H, Singh JV, Bhagat K, Gulati HK, Sanduja M, Kumar N, Kinarivala N, Sharma S. Rational approaches, design strategies, structure activity relationship and mechanistic insights for therapeutic coumarin hybrids. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3477-3510. [PMID: 31255497 PMCID: PMC7970831 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid molecules, furnished by combining two or more pharmacophores is an emerging concept in the field of medicinal chemistry and drug discovery that has attracted substantial traction in the past few years. Naturally occurring scaffolds such as coumarins display a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities including anticancer, antibiotic, antidiabetic and others, by acting on multiple targets. In this view, various coumarin-based hybrids possessing diverse medicinal attributes were synthesized in the last five years by conjugating coumarin moiety with other therapeutic pharmacophores. The current review summarizes the recent development (2014 and onwards) of these pharmacologically active coumarin hybrids and demonstrates rationale behind their design, structure-activity relationships (SAR) and mechanistic studies performed on these hybrid molecules. This review will be beneficial for medicinal chemist and chemical biologist, and in general to the drug discovery community and will facilitate the synthesis and development of novel, potent coumarin hybrid molecules serving as lead molecules for the treatment of complex disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harbinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Jatinder Vir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Kavita Bhagat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Harmandeep Kaur Gulati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Mohit Sanduja
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal 121105, Haryana, India
| | - Nitish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India
| | - Nihar Kinarivala
- Program in Chemical Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India; Program in Chemical Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Singh A, Singh JV, Rana A, Bhagat K, Gulati HK, Kumar R, Salwan R, Bhagat K, Kaur G, Singh N, Kumar R, Singh H, Sharma S, Bedi PMS. Monocarbonyl Curcumin-Based Molecular Hybrids as Potent Antibacterial Agents. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:11673-11684. [PMID: 31460274 PMCID: PMC6682034 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Keeping in view various pharmacological attributes of curcumin, coumarin, and isatin derivatives, triazole-tethered monocarbonyl curcumin-coumarin and curcumin-isatin molecular hybrids have been synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial potential against Gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) human pathogenic bacterial strains. Among all hybrid molecules, A-4 and B-38 showed the most potent antibacterial activity with inhibition zones of 29 and 31 mm along with MIC values of 12.50 and 6.25 μg/mL, respectively. Structure-activity relationship that emerged from biological data revealed that the two-carbon alkyl chain between triazole and coumarin/isatin moiety is well tolerable for the activity. Bromo substitution at the fifth position of isatin, para-cholo substitution in the case of curcumin-isatin, and para-methoxy in the case of curcumin-coumarin hybrids on ring A of curcumin are most suitable groups for the antibacterial activity. Various types of binding interactions of A-4 and B-38 within the active site of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) of S. aureus are also streamlined by molecular modeling studies, suggesting their capability in completely blocking DHFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atamjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Jatinder Vir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Abhineet Rana
- EMC Group
of Hospital, Green Avenue, Amritsar, Punjab 143001, India
| | - Kavita Bhagat
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Harmandeep Kaur Gulati
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Raman Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Rajan Salwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Kajal Bhagat
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Gurinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Navjot Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Randeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Harbinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
- E-mail: (H.S.)
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
- E-mail: (S.S.)
| | - Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
- E-mail: (P.M.S.B.)
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Antitumour, acute toxicity and molecular modeling studies of 4-(pyridin-4-yl)-6-(thiophen-2-yl) pyrimidin-2(1H)-one against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and sarcoma-180. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00661. [PMID: 30003157 PMCID: PMC6039700 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In an effort to discover an effective and selective antitumour agent, synthesis and anti-cancer potential of 4-(pyridin-4-yl)-6-(thiophen-2-yl) pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (SK-25), which has been reported earlier by us with significant cytotoxicity towards MiaPaCa-2 malignant cells, with an IC50 value of 1.95 μM and was found to instigate apoptosis. In the present study, the antitumour efficacy of SK-25 was investigated on Ehrlich ascites tumour (EAT, solid), Sarcoma 180 (solid) tumour and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. The compound was found to inhibit tumour development by 94.71% in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC), 59.06% in Ehrlich tumour (ET, solid) and 45.68% in Sarcoma-180 (solid) at 30 mg/kg dose. Additionally, SK-25 was established to be non-toxic at a maximum tolerated dose of 1000 mg/kg in acute oral toxicity in Swiss-albino mice. Computer-based predictions also show that the compounds could have an interesting DMPK profile since all 51 computed physicochemical parameters fall within the recommended range for 95% of known drugs. The current study provides insight for further investigation of the antitumour potential of the molecule.
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Singh H, Singh JV, Gupta MK, Saxena AK, Sharma S, Nepali K, Bedi PMS. Triazole tethered isatin-coumarin based molecular hybrids as novel antitubulin agents: Design, synthesis, biological investigation and docking studies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3974-3979. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ay K, Ispartaloğlu B, Halay E, Ay E, Yaşa İ, Karayıldırım T. Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of sulfanilamide- and carbohydrate-derived 1,4-disubstitued-1,2,3-triazoles via click chemistry. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1864-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Singh H, Kumar M, Nepali K, Gupta MK, Saxena AK, Sharma S, Bedi PMS. Triazole tethered C5-curcuminoid-coumarin based molecular hybrids as novel antitubulin agents: Design, synthesis, biological investigation and docking studies. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 116:102-115. [PMID: 27060762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Keeping in view the confines allied with presently accessible antitumor agents and success of C5-curcuminoid based bifunctional hybrids as novel antitubulin agnets, molecular hybrids of C5-curcuminoid and coumarin tethered by triazole ring have been synthesized and investigated for in-vitro cytotoxicity against THP-1, COLO-205, HCT-116 and PC-3 human tumor cell lines. The results revealed that the compounds A-2 to A-9, B-2, B-3, B-7 showed significant cytotoxic potential against THP-1, COLO-205 and HCT-116 cell lines, while the PC-3 cell line among these was found to be almost resistant. Structure activity relationship revealed that the nature of Ring X and the length of carbon-bridge (n) connecting triazole ring with coumarin moiety considerably influence the activity. Methoxy substituted phenyl ring as Ring X and two carbon-bridges were found to be the ideal structural features. The most potent compounds (A-2, A-3 and A-7) were further tested for tubulin polymerization inhibition. Compound A-2 was found to significantly inhibit the tubulin polymerization (IC50 = 0.82 μM in THP-1 tumor cells). The significant cytotoxicity and tubulin polymerization inhibition by A-2 was further rationalized by docking studies where it was docked at the curcumin binding site of tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harbinder Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Mandeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Kunal Nepali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Manish K Gupta
- Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology, Greater Noida, UP, India
| | - Ajit K Saxena
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Sahil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India.
| | - Preet Mohinder S Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
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Sharma S, Gupta MK, Saxena AK, Bedi PMS. Triazole linked mono carbonyl curcumin-isatin bifunctional hybrids as novel anti tubulin agents: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:7165-80. [PMID: 26515041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Keeping in view the limitations associated with currently available anticancer drugs, molecular hybrids of mono carbonyl curcumin and isatin tethered by triazole ring have been synthesized and evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against THP-1, COLO-205, HCT-116, A549, HeLa, CAKI-I, PC-3, MiaPaca-2 human cancer cell lines. The results revealed that the compounds SA-1 to SA-9, SB-2, SB-3, SB-4, SB-7 and SC-2 showed a good range of IC50 values against THP-1, COLO-205, HCT-116 and PC-3 cell lines, while the other four cell lines among these were found to be almost resistant. Structure activity relationship revealed that the nature of Ring X and substitution at position R influences the activity. Methoxy substituted phenyl ring as Ring X and H as R were found to be the ideal structural features. The most potent compounds (SA-2, SA-3, SA-4, SA-7) were further tested for tubulin inhibition. Compound SA-2 was found to significantly inhibit the tubulin polymerization (IC50=1.2 μM against HCT-116). Compound SA-2, moreover, lead to the disruption of microtubules as confirmed by immunofluorescence technique. The significant cytotoxicity and tubulin inhibition by SA-2 was streamlined by molecular modeling studies where it was docked at the curcumin binding site of tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Manish K Gupta
- Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology, Greater Noida, UP, India
| | - Ajit K Saxena
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Preet Mohinder S Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
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Rational approaches, design strategies, structure activity relationship and mechanistic insights for anticancer hybrids. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 77:422-87. [PMID: 24685980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Revised: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A Hybrid drug which comprises the incorporation of two drug pharmacophores in one single molecule are basically designed to interact with multiple targets or to amplify its effect through action on another bio target as one single molecule or to counterbalance the known side effects associated with the other hybrid part(.) The present review article offers a detailed account of the design strategies employed for the synthesis of anticancer agents via molecular hybridization techniques. Over the years, the researchers have employed this technique to discover some promising chemical architectures displaying significant anticancer profiles. Molecular hybridization as a tool has been particularly utilized for targeting tubulin protein as exemplified through the number of research papers. The microtubule inhibitors such as taxol, colchicine, chalcones, combretasatin, phenstatins and vinca alkaloids have been utilized as one of the functionality of the hybrids and promising results have been obtained in most of the cases with some of the tubulin based hybrids exhibiting anticancer activity at nanomolar level. Linkage with steroids as biological carrier vector for anticancer drugs and the inclusion of pyrrolo [2,1-c] [1,4]benzodiazepines (PBDs), a family of DNA interactive antitumor antibiotics derived from Streptomyces species in hybrid structure based drug design has also emerged as a potential strategy. Various heteroaryl based hybrids in particular isatin and coumarins have also been designed and reported to posses' remarkable inhibitory potential. Apart from presenting the design strategies, the article also highlights the structure activity relationship along with mechanistic insights revealed during the biological evaluation of the hybrids.
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