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Maurice NJ, Dalzell TS, Jarjour NN, DePauw TA, Jameson SC. Steady-state, therapeutic, and helminth-induced IL-4 compromise protective CD8 T cell bystander activation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.10.598293. [PMID: 38915668 PMCID: PMC11195063 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.10.598293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Memory CD8 T cells (Tmem) can be activated into innate-like killers by cytokines like IL-12, IL-15, and/or IL-18; but mechanisms regulating this phenomenon (termed bystander activation) are not fully resolved. We found strain-intrinsic deficiencies in bystander activation using specific pathogen-free mice, whereby basal IL-4 signals antagonize IL-18 sensing. We show that therapeutic and helminth-induced IL-4 impairs protective bystander-mediated responses against pathogens. However, this IL-4/IL-18 axis does not completely abolish bystander activation but rather tunes the expression of direct versus indirect mediators of cytotoxicity (granzymes and interferon-γ, respectively). We show that antigen-experience overrides strain-specific deficiencies in bystander activation, leading to uniform IL-18 receptor expression and enhanced capacity for bystander activation/cytotoxicity. Our data highlight that bystander activation is not a binary process but tuned/deregulated by other cytokines that are elevated by contemporaneous infections. Further, our findings underscore the importance of antigen-experienced Tmem to dissect the contributions of bystander Tmem in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Maurice
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Talia S Dalzell
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Nicholas N Jarjour
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Taylor A DePauw
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Stephen C Jameson
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
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Ali A, Mahla SB, Reza V, Hossein A, Bahareh K, Mohammad H, Fatemeh S, Mostafa AB, Leili R. MicroRNAs: Potential prognostic and theranostic biomarkers in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. EJHAEM 2024; 5:191-205. [PMID: 38406506 PMCID: PMC10887358 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Small noncoding ribonucleic acids called microRNAs coordinate numerous critical physiological and biological processes such as cell division, proliferation, and death. These regulatory molecules interfere with the function of many genes by binding the 3'-UTR region of target mRNAs to inhibit their translation or even degrade them. Given that a large proportion of miRNAs behave as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes, any genetic or epigenetic aberration changeing their structure and/or function could initiate tumor formation and development. An example of such cancers is chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the most prevalent adult leukemia in Western nations, which is caused by unregulated growth and buildup of defective cells in the peripheral blood and lymphoid organs. Genetic alterations at cellular and molecular levels play an important role in the occurrence and development of CLL. In this vein, it was noted that the development of this disease is noticeably affected by changes in the expression and function of miRNAs. Many studies on miRNAs have shown that these molecules are pivotal in the prognosis of different cancers, including CLL, and their epigenetic alterations (e.g., methylation) can predict disease progression and response to treatment. Furthermore, miRNAs are involved in the development of drug resistance in CLL, and targeting these molecules can be considered a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of this disease. MiRNA screening can offer important information on the etiology and development of CLL. Considering the importance of miRNAs in gene expression regulation, their application in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of CLL is reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afgar Ali
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in IranKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Sattarzadeh Bardsiri Mahla
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Innovation CenterKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical SciencesKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Vahidi Reza
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in IranKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Arezoomand Hossein
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical SciencesKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Kashani Bahareh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hosseininaveh Mohammad
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in IranKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Sharifi Fatemeh
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious DiseasesKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Amopour Bahnamiry Mostafa
- Department of Research and Development, Production and Research ComplexPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Rouhi Leili
- Student Research CommitteeKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
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Freen-van Heeren JJ. Posttranscriptional Events Orchestrate Immune Homeostasis of CD8 + T Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2782:65-80. [PMID: 38622392 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3754-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining immune homeostasis is instrumental for host health. Immune cells, such as T cells, are instrumental for the eradication of pathogenic bacteria, fungi and viruses. Furthermore, T cells also play a major role in the fight against cancer. Through the formation of immunological memory, a pool of antigen-experienced T cells remains in the body to rapidly protect the host upon reinfection or retransformation. In order to perform their protective function, T cells produce cytolytic molecules, such as granzymes and perforin, and cytokines such as interferon γ and tumor necrosis factor α. Recently, it has become evident that posttranscriptional regulatory events dictate the kinetics and magnitude of cytokine production by murine and human CD8+ T cells. Here, the recent literature regarding the role posttranscriptional regulation plays in maintaining immune homeostasis of antigen-experienced CD8+ T cells is reviewed.
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Santana-da-Silva MN, Sena-dos-Santos C, Cáceres-Durán MÁ, de Souza FG, Gobbo AR, Pinto P, Salgado CG, dos Santos SEB. ncRNAs: an unexplored cellular defense mechanism in leprosy. Front Genet 2023; 14:1295586. [PMID: 38116294 PMCID: PMC10729009 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1295586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Leprosy is an infectious disease primarily caused by the obligate intracellular parasite Mycobacterium leprae. Although it has been considered eradicated in many countries, leprosy continues to be a health issue in developing nations. Besides the social stigma associated with it, individuals affected by leprosy may experience nerve damage leading to physical disabilities if the disease is not properly treated or early diagnosed. Leprosy is recognized as a complex disease wherein socioenvironmental factors, immune response, and host genetics interact to contribute to its development. Recently, a new field of study called epigenetics has emerged, revealing that the immune response and other mechanisms related to infectious diseases can be influenced by noncoding RNAs. This review aims to summarize the significant advancements concerning non-coding RNAs in leprosy, discussing the key perspectives on this novel approach to comprehending the pathophysiology of the disease and identifying molecular markers. In our view, investigations on non-coding RNAs in leprosy hold promise and warrant increased attention from researches in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Natália Santana-da-Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunologia, Seção de Virologia (SAVIR), Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Camille Sena-dos-Santos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Miguel Ángel Cáceres-Durán
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Felipe Gouvea de Souza
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Angelica Rita Gobbo
- Laboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Pablo Pinto
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Claudio Guedes Salgado
- Laboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Sidney Emanuel Batista dos Santos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
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Zhou Y, Liu D, Li H. FGL1 Promotes Tumor Immune Escape in Stomach Adenocarcinoma via the Notch Signaling Pathway. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00928-3. [PMID: 37902887 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00928-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Immune escape is the major reason for immunotherapy failure in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). We tried to reveal the underlying mechanism of FGL1 influencing STAD in this study. Bioinformatics analyses were conducted to analyze the expression of FGL1, the signaling pathways affected by FGL1, and the relation between FGL1 and immune cell infiltration. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), cell counting kit-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry and Transwell assay were adopted to analyze FGL1 expression, cell viability, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, and cell invasion, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, lactate dehydrogenase method, qRT-PCR and Western blot were adopted to reveal proinflammatory cytokine expression, cytotoxicity and mRNA and protein expression of the Notch signaling-related genes, respectively, after co-culture of STAD cells and CD8+T cells. Nude mice experiment was conducted to validate the results obtained above. FGL1 expressed highly in STAD and could activate the Notch signaling pathway, and it was negatively correlated with CD8+T cell infiltration. Cell experiments confirmed that high expression of FGL1 facilitated proliferation and hindered apoptosis of STAD cells. Knockdown of FGL1 could facilitate expression of pro-inflammatory factors and the cytotoxicity of CD8+T cells in co-culture system of STAD and CD8+ T cells. Knockdown of FGL1 could suppress the expression of the Notch signaling pathway-related genes, and the addition of Notch inhibitor proved that FGL1 promoted immune escape via the Notch signaling pathway. This study investigated the influence of FGL1 on STAD immune escape and demonstrated that FGL1 inhibited CD8+ T cell activation by activating the Notch signaling pathway and thus promoted tumor immune escape in STAD, providing a new potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for the immunotherapy of STAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Zhou
- School of Health Management, Shangluo University, Shangluo, 726000, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, 710077, China
| | - Huirong Li
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Application, Shangluo University, No. 10, Beixin Street, Shangzhou District, Shangluo, 726000, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Zidan M, Zidan AAA, Attia Saad M, El-Shanshory M, Bakry U, Sobh A, Mohammed Abdou S, Labib Salem M. Altered microRNA expression profile is linked to T-cell exhaustion-related pathways in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hum Immunol 2023; 84:113-122. [PMID: 36347735 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the phenotype and functions of exhausted T cells in several cancers have been identified, the involved molecular mechanisms remain to be further elucidated. In this regard, we have recently reported that the immunoregulatory cells, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), share common dysregulated miRNAs that target specific immunosuppressive pathways in patients with in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). AIM In this study, we aimed to further explore whether similar dysregulation in miRNA expression is linked to T cell exhaustion and dysfunctionality in B cell ALL patients. METHODS Peripheral blood samples from pediatric patients with ALL were recruited before and after induction chemotherapy as well as from healthy donors. Affymetrix microarray platform was used for miRNA profiling, and qRT-PCR was used to validate the expression of certain miRNAs that are related to T cell exhaustion. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to explore whether the dysregulated miRNAs were linked to T-cell exhaustion related pathways. RESULTS A total of 516 miRNAs were dysregulated in ALL patients as compared to the healthy donor. Furthermore, among the total analyzed miRNAs, 10 were found to be linked to the key genes implicated in three exhaustion-related pathways; TGF-β, FOXO, and MAPK, as revealed by miR-pathway analysis. Moreover, qRT-PCR analysis showed similar expression pattern to those obtained by microarray analysis. CONCLUSION Our pilot study suggests the implication of certain miRNAs in T cell exhaustion pathways via targeting the specific key genes in those pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Zidan
- Microbiology and Immunology Research Program, 57357 Children Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Aziz A Zidan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt; Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, Tanta University Educational Hospital, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Attia Saad
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, Tanta University Educational Hospital, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shanshory
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, Tanta University Educational Hospital, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Usama Bakry
- Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Sobh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed Labib Salem
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, Tanta University Educational Hospital, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; Immunology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
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7
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Evolving understandings for the roles of non-coding RNAs in autoimmunity and autoimmune disease. J Autoimmun 2022:102948. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Rarani FZ, Rashidi B, Jafari Najaf Abadi MH, Hamblin MR, Reza Hashemian SM, Mirzaei H. Cytokines and microRNAs in SARS-CoV-2: What do we know? MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:219-242. [PMID: 35782361 PMCID: PMC9233348 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic constitutes a global health emergency. Currently, there are no completely effective therapeutic medications for the management of this outbreak. The cytokine storm is a hyperinflammatory medical condition due to excessive and uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients suffering from severe COVID-19, leading to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and even mortality. Understanding the pathophysiology of COVID-19 can be helpful for the treatment of patients. Evidence suggests that the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 are dramatically different between mild and severe patients, so they may be important contributors to the cytokine storm. Several serum markers can be predictors for the cytokine storm. This review discusses the cytokines involved in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, focusing on interferons (IFNs) and ILs, and whether they can be used in COVID-19 treatment. Moreover, we highlight several microRNAs that are involved in these cytokines and their role in the cytokine storm caused by COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Zamani Rarani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahman Rashidi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Seyed Mohammad Reza Hashemian
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR, Iran
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9
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Mohammadi S, Salimi A, Hoseinkhani Z, Ghasemi F, Mansouri K. Carbon dots hybrid for dual fluorescent detection of microRNA-21 integrated bioimaging of MCF-7 using a microfluidic platform. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:73. [PMID: 35135571 PMCID: PMC8822830 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01274-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs have short sequences of 20 ~ 25-nucleotides which are similar among family members and play crucial regulatory roles in numerous biological processes, such as in cell development, metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Results We reported a strategy for the construction of a dual-emission fluorescent sensor using carbon dots (CDs) and confirmed their applications for ratiometric microRNA-21 sensing and bioimaging of cancer cells in a microfluidic device. The composition of blue CDs (B-CDs) and yellow CDs (Y-CDs) depicts dual-emission behavior which is centered at 409 and 543 nm under an excitation wavelength of 360 nm. With increasing microRNA-21 concentration, the robust and specific binding of DNA probe functionalized B-CDs to complementary microRNA-21 target induced perturbations of probe structure and led to changing fluorescence intensity in both wavelengths. Consequently, the ratio of turn-on signal to turn-off signal is greatly altered. With monitoring of the inherent ratiometric fluorescence variation (ΔF540nm/ΔF410nm), as-prepared BY-CDs were established as an efficient platform for ratiometric fluorescent microRNA-21 sensing, with a wide linear range of 0.15 fM to 2.46 pM and a detection limit of 50 aM. Conclusions Furthermore, the proposed assay was applied for detecting microRNA-21 in dilute human serum samples with satisfactory recovery and also in MCF-7 cell lines in the range 3000 to 45,000 (cell mL−1) with a detection limit (3 cells in 10 μL), demonstrating the potential of the assay for clinic diagnosis of microRNA-associated disease. More importantly, the images revealed that MCF-7 cells well labeled with BY-CDs could exhibit the applicability of the proposed microfluidic system as an effective cell trapping device in bioimaging. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01274-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Abdollah Salimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175, Sanandaj, Iran. .,Research Center for Nanotechnology, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Hoseinkhani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Foad Ghasemi
- Nanoscale Physics Device Lab (NPDL), Department of Physics, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15275, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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10
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Gordino G, Costa‐Pereira S, Corredeira P, Alves P, Costa L, Gomes AQ, Silva‐Santos B, Ribot JC. MicroRNA-181a restricts human γδ T cell differentiation by targeting Map3k2 and Notch2. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e52234. [PMID: 34821000 PMCID: PMC8728617 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202052234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells are a conserved population of lymphocytes that contributes to anti-tumor responses through its overt type 1 inflammatory and cytotoxic properties. We have previously shown that human γδ T cells acquire this profile upon stimulation with IL-2 or IL-15, in a differentiation process dependent on MAPK/ERK signaling. Here, we identify microRNA-181a as a key modulator of human γδ T cell differentiation. We observe that miR-181a is highly expressed in patients with prostate cancer and that this pattern associates with lower expression of NKG2D, a critical mediator of cancer surveillance. Interestingly, miR-181a expression negatively correlates with an activated type 1 effector profile obtained from in vitro differentiated γδ T cells and miR-181a overexpression restricts their levels of NKG2D and TNF-α. Upon in silico analysis, we identify two miR-181a candidate targets, Map3k2 and Notch2, which we validate via overexpression coupled with luciferase assays. These results reveal a novel role for miR-181a as critical regulator of human γδ T cell differentiation and highlight its potential for manipulation of γδ T cells in next-generation immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Gordino
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo AntunesFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Sara Costa‐Pereira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo AntunesFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Patrícia Corredeira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo AntunesFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Patrícia Alves
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo AntunesFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Luís Costa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo AntunesFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
- Medical Oncology DivisionHospital de Santa MariaCentro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa NorteLisbonPortugal
| | - Anita Q Gomes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo AntunesFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Bruno Silva‐Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo AntunesFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Julie C Ribot
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo AntunesFaculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
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11
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Taheri M, Barth DA, Kargl J, Rezaei O, Ghafouri-Fard S, Pichler M. Emerging Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Regulation of T-Lymphocyte Function. Front Immunol 2021; 12:756042. [PMID: 34804042 PMCID: PMC8599985 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.756042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
T-lymphocytes (T cells) play a major role in adaptive immunity and current immune checkpoint inhibitor-based cancer treatments. The regulation of their function is complex, and in addition to cytokines, receptors and transcription factors, several non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to affect differentiation and function of T cells. Among these non-coding RNAs, certain small microRNAs (miRNAs) including miR-15a/16-1, miR-125b-5p, miR-99a-5p, miR-128-3p, let-7 family, miR-210, miR-182-5p, miR-181, miR-155 and miR-10a have been well recognized. Meanwhile, IFNG-AS1, lnc-ITSN1-2, lncRNA-CD160, NEAT1, MEG3, GAS5, NKILA, lnc-EGFR and PVT1 are among long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that efficiently influence the function of T cells. Recent studies have underscored the effects of a number of circular RNAs, namely circ_0001806, hsa_circ_0045272, hsa_circ_0012919, hsa_circ_0005519 and circHIPK3 in the modulation of T-cell apoptosis, differentiation and secretion of cytokines. This review summarizes the latest news and regulatory roles of these ncRNAs on the function of T cells, with widespread implications on the pathophysiology of autoimmune disorders and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taheri
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dominik A Barth
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Kargl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Omidvar Rezaei
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Martin Pichler
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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12
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Zhao N, Jia L, Li G, He X, Zhu C, Zhang B. Comparative Mucous miRomics in Cynoglossus semilaevis Related to Vibrio harveyi Caused Infection. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 23:766-776. [PMID: 34480240 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10062-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal mucus is an important barrier and regulating mediator in fish. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are proved to be involved in various biological processes, also as promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Vibrio harveyi has long been a noticeable bacterial pathogen in Cynoglossus semilaevis aquaculture. To find the evidence whether there are indicating miRNAs in mucus and whether the miRNAs are related to infections caused by V. harveyi, miRNA profiles of mucus from V. harveyi infected fish and healthy controls were screened by small RNA sequencing and verified by quantitative real-time PCR. This is the first report about miRNA profiling of flatfish mucus, aiming at illustrating the pathogenesis of V. harveyi caused infection and developing disease-related biomarkers. The results revealed significant differences in expression levels of some miRNAs between infected fish and healthy ones. Three hundred differentially expressed miRNAs were obtained after filtering through FC > 2 or FC < 0.5 and most of the differential miRNAs were downregulated. After verification through qRT-PCR, four unique miRNAs, dre-miR-451, dre-miR-184, dre-miR-205-5p > ssa-miR-205b-5p, and dre-miR-181a-5p > ssa-miR-181a-5p, were identified as V. harveyi infection-related signatures, consistent with sequencing trend. The expression levels of these four miRNAs in the infected fish were all significantly lower than controls. These miRNAs in mucus could be used to differentiate diseased and healthy fish in a non-invasive way with practical value for large-scale disease screening. They also provided new insights into the mechanism underlying the bacterial infections in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhao
- Guangdong Research Centre On Reproductive Control and Breeding Technology of Indigenous Valuable Fish Species, Fisheries College, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory-Zhanjiang, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences At, Shanghai Ocean University, Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Lei Jia
- Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute, Tianjin, 300200, China
| | - Guangli Li
- Guangdong Research Centre On Reproductive Control and Breeding Technology of Indigenous Valuable Fish Species, Fisheries College, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory-Zhanjiang, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
| | - Xiaoxu He
- Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute, Tianjin, 300200, China
| | - Chunhua Zhu
- Guangdong Research Centre On Reproductive Control and Breeding Technology of Indigenous Valuable Fish Species, Fisheries College, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory-Zhanjiang, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Guangdong Research Centre On Reproductive Control and Breeding Technology of Indigenous Valuable Fish Species, Fisheries College, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory-Zhanjiang, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524000, China.
- Tianjin Fisheries Research Institute, Tianjin, 300200, China.
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13
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Jasiecka-Mikołajczyk A, Jaroszewski JJ, Maślanka T. Oclacitinib, a Janus Kinase Inhibitor, Reduces the Frequency of IL-4- and IL-10-, but Not IFN-γ-, Producing Murine CD4 + and CD8 + T Cells and Counteracts the Induction of Type 1 Regulatory T Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:5655. [PMID: 34577127 PMCID: PMC8472008 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to broaden the knowledge and understanding of the effects of oclacitinib (OCL), a Janus kinase inhibitor, on T cells in the context of both the immune mechanisms underlying anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties of the drug and its safety. The results indicate that beneficial effects of OCL in the treatment of skin allergic diseases may be partially mediated by the inhibition of IL-4 production in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. To a certain extent, the antiproliferative effect of OCL on CD8+ T cells may also contribute to its therapeutic effect. The study found that OCL does not affect the proliferation of CD4+ T cells or the number of IFN-γ- and IL-17-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Moreover, OCL was found to counteract the induction of type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells and to act as a strong inhibitor of IL-10 production in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Thus, these results indicate that beneficial effects of OCL in the treatment of skin allergic diseases are not mediated through: (a) the abolishment of IFN-γ and IL-17-production in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells; (b) generation of Tr1 cells; (c) inhibition of CD4+ T cell proliferation; (d) induction of IL-10 production in CD4+ T cells. The results of this study strongly suggest that, with respect to the evaluated parameters, OCL exerts a suppressive effect on Th2- but not Th1-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Jasiecka-Mikołajczyk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego Street 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.J.J.); (T.M.)
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14
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Chu YH, Lin JD, Nath S, Schachtrup C. Id proteins: emerging roles in CNS disease and targets for modifying neural stemcell behavior. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 387:433-449. [PMID: 34302526 PMCID: PMC8975794 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03490-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) are found in the adult brain and spinal cord, and endogenous or transplanted NSPCs contribute to repair processes and regulate immune responses in the CNS. However, the molecular mechanisms of NSPC survival and integration as well as their fate determination and functionality are still poorly understood. Inhibitor of DNA binding (Id) proteins are increasingly recognized as key determinants of NSPC fate specification. Id proteins act by antagonizing the DNA-binding activity of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, and the balance of Id and bHLH proteins determines cell fate decisions in numerous cell types and developmental stages. Id proteins are central in responses to environmental changes, as they occur in CNS injury and disease, and cellular responses in adult NSPCs implicate Id proteins as prime candidates for manipulating stemcell behavior. Here, we outline recent advances in understanding Id protein pleiotropic functions in CNS diseases and propose an integrated view of Id proteins and their promise as potential targets in modifying stemcell behavior to ameliorate CNS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Chu
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jia-di Lin
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Suvra Nath
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schachtrup
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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15
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Freen-van Heeren JJ. Post-transcriptional control of T-cell cytokine production: Implications for cancer therapy. Immunology 2021; 164:57-72. [PMID: 33884612 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As part of the adaptive immune system, T cells are vital for the eradication of infected and malignantly transformed cells. To perform their protective function, T cells produce effector molecules that are either directly cytotoxic, such as granzymes, perforin, interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor α, or attract and stimulate (immune) cells, such as interleukin-2. As these molecules can also induce immunopathology, tight control of their production is required. Indeed, inflammatory cytokine production is regulated on multiple levels. Firstly, locus accessibility and transcription factor availability and activity determine the amount of mRNA produced. Secondly, post-transcriptional mechanisms, influencing mRNA splicing/codon usage, stability, decay, localization and translation rate subsequently determine the amount of protein that is produced. In the immune suppressive environments of tumours, T cells gradually lose the capacity to produce effector molecules, resulting in tumour immune escape. Recently, the role of post-transcriptional regulation in fine-tuning T-cell effector function has become more appreciated. Furthermore, several groups have shown that exhausted or dysfunctional T cells from cancer patients or murine models possess mRNA for inflammatory mediators, but fail to produce effector molecules, hinting that post-transcriptional events also play a role in hampering tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte effector function. Here, the post-transcriptional regulatory events governing T-cell cytokine production are reviewed, with a specific focus on the importance of post-transcriptional regulation in anti-tumour responses. Furthermore, potential approaches to circumvent tumour-mediated dampening of T-cell effector function through the (dis)engagement of post-transcriptional events are explored, such as CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing or chimeric antigen receptors.
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16
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MicroRNA miR-181-A Rheostat for TCR Signaling in Thymic Selection and Peripheral T-Cell Function. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176200. [PMID: 32867301 PMCID: PMC7503384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The selection of T cells during intra-thymic d evelopment is crucial to obtain a functional and simultaneously not self-reactive peripheral T cell repertoire. However, selection is a complex process dependent on T cell receptor (TCR) thresholds that remain incompletely understood. In peripheral T cells, activation, clonal expansion, and contraction of the active T cell pool, as well as other processes depend on TCR signal strength. Members of the microRNA (miRNA) miR-181 family have been shown to be dynamically regulated during T cell development as well as dependent on the activation stage of T cells. Indeed, it has been shown that expression of miR-181a leads to the downregulation of multiple phosphatases, implicating miR-181a as ‘‘rheostat’’ of TCR signaling. Consistently, genetic models have revealed an essential role of miR-181a/b-1 for the generation of unconventional T cells as well as a function in tuning TCR sensitivity in peripheral T cells during aging. Here, we review these broad roles of miR-181 family members in T cell function via modulating TCR signal strength.
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17
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Borja-Gonzalez M, Casas-Martinez JC, McDonagh B, Goljanek-Whysall K. Aging Science Talks: The role of miR-181a in age-related loss of muscle mass and function. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE OF AGING 2020; 4:81-85. [PMID: 32835152 PMCID: PMC7341035 DOI: 10.1016/j.tma.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Borja-Gonzalez
- School of Medicine, Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
| | - Jose C Casas-Martinez
- School of Medicine, Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
| | - Brian McDonagh
- School of Medicine, Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
| | - Katarzyna Goljanek-Whysall
- School of Medicine, Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland
- Institute of Aging and Chronic Disease & The Medical Research Council Versus Arthritis Centre for Integrated Research Into Musculoskeletal Aging, CIMA, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TJ, UK
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