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Llamas A, Leon-Miranda E, Tejada-Jimenez M. Microalgal and Nitrogen-Fixing Bacterial Consortia: From Interaction to Biotechnological Potential. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2476. [PMID: 37447037 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are used in various biotechnological processes, such as biofuel production due to their high biomass yields, agriculture as biofertilizers, production of high-value-added products, decontamination of wastewater, or as biological models for carbon sequestration. The number of these biotechnological applications is increasing, and as such, any advances that contribute to reducing costs and increasing economic profitability can have a significant impact. Nitrogen fixing organisms, often called diazotroph, also have great biotechnological potential, mainly in agriculture as an alternative to chemical fertilizers. Microbial consortia typically perform more complex tasks than monocultures and can execute functions that are challenging or even impossible for individual strains or species. Interestingly, microalgae and diazotrophic organisms are capable to embrace different types of symbiotic associations. Certain corals and lichens exhibit this symbiotic relationship in nature, which enhances their fitness. However, this relationship can also be artificially created in laboratory conditions with the objective of enhancing some of the biotechnological processes that each organism carries out independently. As a result, the utilization of microalgae and diazotrophic organisms in consortia is garnering significant interest as a potential alternative for reducing production costs and increasing yields of microalgae biomass, as well as for producing derived products and serving biotechnological purposes. This review makes an effort to examine the associations of microalgae and diazotrophic organisms, with the aim of highlighting the potential of these associations in improving various biotechnological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Llamas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campus de Rabanales and Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), Edificio Severo Ochoa, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Esperanza Leon-Miranda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campus de Rabanales and Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), Edificio Severo Ochoa, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel Tejada-Jimenez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campus de Rabanales and Campus Internacional de Excelencia Agroalimentario (CeiA3), Edificio Severo Ochoa, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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2
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Han M, Zhang C, Ho SH. Immobilized microalgal system: An achievable idea for upgrading current microalgal wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 14:100227. [PMID: 36560958 PMCID: PMC9763361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2022.100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Efficient wastewater treatment accompanied by sustainable "nutrients/pollutants waste-wastewater-resources/energy nexus" management is acting as a prominent and urgent global issue since severe pollution has occurred increasingly. Diverting wastes from wastewater into the value-added microalgal-biomass stream is a promising goal using biological wastewater treatment technologies. This review proposed an idea of upgrading the current microalgal wastewater treatment by using immobilized microalgal system. Firstly, a systematic analysis of microalgal immobilization technology is displayed through an in-depth discussion on why using immobilized microalgae for wastewater treatment. Subsequently, the main technical approaches employed for microalgal immobilization and pollutant removal mechanisms by immobilized microalgae are summarized. Furthermore, from high-tech technologies to promote large-scale production and application potentials in diverse wastewater and bioreactors to downstream applications lead upgradation closer, the feasibility of upgrading existing microalgal wastewater treatment into immobilized microalgal systems is thoroughly discussed. Eventually, several research directions are proposed toward the future immobilized microalgal system for microalgal wastewater treatment upgrading. Together, it appears that using immobilization for further upgrading the microalgae-based wastewater treatment can be recognized as an achievable alternative to make microalgal wastewater treatment more realistic. The information and perspectives provided in this review also offer a feasible reference for upgrading conventional microalgae-based wastewater treatment.
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3
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Iqbal K, Saxena A, Pande P, Tiwari A, Chandra Joshi N, Varma A, Mishra A. Microalgae-bacterial granular consortium: Striding towards sustainable production of biohydrogen coupled with wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 354:127203. [PMID: 35462016 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities have drastically affected the environment, leading to increased waste accumulation in atmospheric bodies, including water. Wastewater treatment is an energy-consuming process and typically requires thousands of kilowatt hours of energy. This enormous energy demand can be fulfilled by utilizing the microbial electrolysis route to breakdown organic pollutants in wastewater which produces clean water and biohydrogen as a by-product of the reaction. Microalgae are the promising microorganism for the biohydrogen production, and it has been investigated that the interaction between microalgae and bacteria can be used to boost the yield of biohydrogen. Consortium of algae and bacteria resulting around 50-60% more biohydrogen production compared to the biohydrogen production of algae and bacteria separately. This review summarises the recent development in different microalgae-bacteria granular consortium systems successfully employed for biohydrogen generation. We also discuss the limitations in biohydrogen production and factors affecting its production from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Iqbal
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201301, India
| | - Abhishek Saxena
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India
| | - Priyanshi Pande
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201301, India
| | - Archana Tiwari
- Diatom Research Laboratory, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India
| | - Naveen Chandra Joshi
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201301, India
| | - Ajit Varma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201301, India
| | - Arti Mishra
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201301, India.
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Calderini ML, Stevčić Č, Taipale S, Pulkkinen K. Filtration of Nordic recirculating aquaculture system wastewater: Effects on microalgal growth, nutrient removal, and nutritional value. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Cassan FD, Coniglio A, Amavizca E, Maroniche G, Cascales E, Bashan Y, de-Bashan LE. The Azospirillum brasilense type VI secretion system promotes cell aggregation, biocontrol protection against phytopathogens and attachment to the microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:6257-6274. [PMID: 34472164 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The plant-growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense is able to associate with the microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana. Attachment of A. brasilense increases the metabolic performances of the microalgae. Recent genome analyses have revealed that the A. brasilense Az39 genome contains two complete sets of genes encoding type VI secretion systems (T6SS), including the T6SS1 that is induced by the indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) phytohormone. The T6SS is a multiprotein machine, widespread in Gram-negative bacteria, that delivers protein effectors in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Here we show that the A. brasilense T6SS is required for Chlorella-Azospirillum synthetic mutualism. Our data demonstrate that the T6SS is an important determinant to promote production of lipids, carbohydrates and photosynthetic pigments by the microalgae. We further show that this is likely due to the role of the T6SS during the attachment stage and for the production of IAA phytohormones. Finally, we demonstrate that the A. brasilense T6SS provides antagonistic activities against a number of plant pathogens such as Agrobacterium, Pectobacterium, Dickeya and Ralstonia species in vitro, suggesting that, in addition to promoting growth, A. brasilense might confer T6SS-dependent bio-control protection to microalgae and plants against bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabricio D Cassan
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal y de la interacción Planta-Microorganismo, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas (INIAB), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Anahí Coniglio
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal y de la interacción Planta-Microorganismo, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas (INIAB), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Edgar Amavizca
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Maroniche
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eric Cascales
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Macromoléculaires, Institut de Microbiologie, Bioénergies et Biotechnologie, Aix-Marseille Université - CNRS UMR7255, Marseille, France
| | - Yoav Bashan
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, Mexico.,The Bashan Institute of Science, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Luz E de-Bashan
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), La Paz, Mexico.,The Bashan Institute of Science, Auburn, AL, USA.,Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 301 Funchess Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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Chorazyczewski AM, Huang IS, Abdulla H, Mayali X, Zimba PV. The Influence of Bacteria on the Growth, Lipid Production, and Extracellular Metabolite Accumulation by Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyceae). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:931-940. [PMID: 33454979 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To examine the impact of heterotrophic bacteria on microalgal physiology, we co-cultured the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum with six bacterial strains to quantify bacteria-mediated differences in algal biomass, total intracellular lipids, and for a subset, extracellular metabolite accumulation. A Marinobacter isolate significantly increased algal cell concentrations, dry biomass, and lipid content compared to axenic algal cultures. Two other bacterial strains from the Bacteroidetes order, of the genera Algoriphagus and Muricauda, significantly lowered P. tricornutum biomass, leading to overall decreased lipid accumulation. These three bacterial co-cultures (one mutualistic, two competitive) were analyzed for extracellular metabolites via untargeted liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to compare against bacteria-free cultures. Over 80% of the extracellular metabolites differentially abundant in at least one treatment were in higher concentrations in the axenic cultures, in agreement with the hypothesis that the co-cultured bacteria incorporated algal-derived organic compounds for growth. Furthermore, the extracellular metabolite profiles of the two growth-inhibiting cultures were more similar to one another than the growth-promoting co-culture, linking metabolite patterns to ecological role. Our results show that algal-bacterial interactions can influence the accumulation of intracellular lipids and extracellular metabolites, and suggest that utilization and accumulation of compounds outside the cell play a role in regulating microbial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Chorazyczewski
- Center for Coastal Studies, Texas A&M-Corpus Christi University, 6300 Ocean Dr, Corpus Christi, Texas, 78412, USA
| | - I-Shuo Huang
- Center for Coastal Studies, Texas A&M-Corpus Christi University, 6300 Ocean Dr, Corpus Christi, Texas, 78412, USA
| | - Hussain Abdulla
- Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M-Corpus Christi University, 6300 Ocean Dr., Corpus Christi, Texas, 78412, USA
| | - Xavier Mayali
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, California, 94550, USA
| | - Paul V Zimba
- Center for Coastal Studies, Texas A&M-Corpus Christi University, 6300 Ocean Dr, Corpus Christi, Texas, 78412, USA
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Ouyang Y, Chen S, Zhao L, Song Y, Lei A, He J, Wang J. Global Metabolomics Reveals That Vibrio natriegens Enhances the Growth and Paramylon Synthesis of Euglena gracilis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:652021. [PMID: 33869160 PMCID: PMC8044410 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.652021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The microalga Euglena gracilis is utilized in the food, medicinal, and supplement industries. However, its mass production is currently limited by its low production efficiency and high risk of microbial contamination. In this study, physiological and biochemical parameters of E. gracilis co-cultivated with the bacteria Vibrio natriegens were investigated. A previous study reports the benefits of E. gracilis and V. natriegens co-cultivation; however, no bacterium growth and molecular mechanisms were further investigated. Our results show that this co-cultivation positively increased total chlorophyll, microalgal growth, dry weight, and storage sugar paramylon content of E. gracilis compared to the pure culture without V. natriegens. This analysis represents the first comprehensive metabolomic study of microalgae-bacterial co-cultivation, with 339 metabolites identified. This co-cultivation system was shown to have synergistic metabolic interactions between microalgal and bacterial cells, with a significant increase in methyl carbamate, ectoine, choline, methyl N-methylanthranilate, gentiatibetine, 4R-aminopentanoic acid, and glu-val compared to the cultivation of E. gracilis alone. Taken together, these results fill significant gaps in the current understanding of microalgae-bacteria co-cultivation systems and provide novel insights into potential improvements for mass production and industrial applications of E. gracilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ouyang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuyu Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liqing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiting Song
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Anping Lei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiayi He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Provinces, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Eco-Environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Provinces, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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8
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Liu X, Zhang D, Zhang J, Chen Y, Liu X, Fan C, Wang RRC, Hou Y, Hu Z. Overexpression of the Transcription Factor AtLEC1 Significantly Improved the Lipid Content of Chlorella ellipsoidea. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:626162. [PMID: 33681161 PMCID: PMC7925920 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.626162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are considered to be a highly promising source for the production of biodiesel. However, the regulatory mechanism governing lipid biosynthesis has not been fully elucidated to date, and the improvement of lipid accumulation in microalgae is essential for the effective production of biodiesel. In this study, LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1) from Arabidopsis thaliana, a transcription factor (TF) that affects lipid content, was transferred into Chlorella ellipsoidea. Compared with wild-type (WT) strains, the total fatty acid content and total lipid content of AtLEC1 transgenic strains were significantly increased by 24.20–32.65 and 22.14–29.91%, respectively, under mixotrophic culture conditions and increased by 24.4–28.87 and 21.69–30.45%, respectively, under autotrophic conditions, while the protein content of the transgenic strains was significantly decreased by 18.23–21.44 and 12.28–18.66%, respectively, under mixotrophic and autotrophic conditions. Fortunately, the lipid and protein content variation did not affect the growth rate and biomass of transgenic strains under the two culture conditions. According to the transcriptomic data, the expression of 924 genes was significantly changed in the transgenic strain (LEC1-1). Of the 924 genes, 360 were upregulated, and 564 were downregulated. Based on qRT-PCR results, the expression profiles of key genes in the lipid synthesis pathway, such as ACCase, GPDH, PDAT1, and DGAT1, were significantly changed. By comparing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) regulated by AtLEC1 in C. ellipsoidea and Arabidopsis, we observed that approximately 59% (95/160) of the genes related to lipid metabolism were upregulated in AtLEC1 transgenic Chlorella. Our research provides a means of increasing lipid content by introducing exogenous TF and presents a possible mechanism of AtLEC1 regulation of lipid accumulation in C. ellipsoidea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Analysis and Test Center, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuli Liu
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Huhhot, China
| | - Chengming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Richard R-C Wang
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Forage and Range Research Laboratory, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Yongyue Hou
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Huhhot, China
| | - Zanmin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Agriculture, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yong JJJY, Chew KW, Khoo KS, Show PL, Chang JS. Prospects and development of algal-bacterial biotechnology in environmental management and protection. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 47:107684. [PMID: 33387639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The coexistence of algae and bacteria in nature dates back to the very early stages when life came into existence. The interaction between algae and bacteria plays an important role in the planet ecology, cycling nutrients, and feeding higher trophic levels, and have been evolving ever since. The emerging concept of algal-bacterial consortia is gaining attention, much towards environmental management and protection. Studies have shown that algal-bacterial synergy does not only promote carbon capture in wastewater bioremediation but also consequently produces biofuels from algal-bacterial biomass. This review has evaluated the optimistic prospects of algal-bacterial consortia in environmental remediation, biorefinery, carbon sequestration as well as its contribution to the production of high-value compounds. In addition, algal-bacterial consortia offer great potential in bloom control, dye removal, agricultural biofertilizers, and bioplastics production. This work also emphasizes the advancement of algal-bacterial biotechnology in environmental management through the incorporation of Industry Revolution 4.0 technologies. The challenges include its pathway to greener industry, competition with other food additive sources, societal acceptance, cost feasibility, environmental trade-off, safety and compatibility. Thus, there is a need for further in-depth research to ensure the environmental sustainability and feasibility of algal-bacterial consortia to meet numerous current and future needs of society in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Jill Jia Yi Yong
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Effects on Tumor Cells of Exopolysaccharides From Tetraselmis suecica (Kylin) Butcher Grown Under Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Conditions. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18110534. [PMID: 33114784 PMCID: PMC7693365 DOI: 10.3390/md18110534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine microalgae produce extracellular metabolites such as exopolysaccharides (EPS) with potentially beneficial biological applications to human health, especially antioxidant and antitumor properties, which can be increased with changes in crop trophic conditions. This study aimed to develop the autotrophic and heterotrophic culture of Tetraselmis suecica (Kylin) Butcher in order to increase EPS production and to characterize its antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effects on tumor cells. The adaptation of autotrophic to heterotrophic culture was carried out by progressively reducing the photoperiod and adding glucose. EPS extraction and purification were performed. EPS were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antioxidant capacity of EPS was analyzed by the 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) method, and the antitumor capacity was measured by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, showing high activity on human leukemia, breast and lung cancer cell lines. Although total EPS showed no cytotoxicity, acidic EPS showed cytotoxicity over the gingival fibroblasts cell line. Heterotrophic culture has advantages over autotrophic, such as increasing EPS yield, higher antioxidant capacity of the EPS and, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first probe that T. suecica EPS have cytotoxic effects on tumor cells; therefore, they could offer greater advantages as possible natural nutraceuticals for the pharmaceutical industry.
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Puzanskiy RK, Romanyuk DA, Kirpichnikova AA, Shishova MF. Alteration in the Expression of Genes Encoding Primary Metabolism Enzymes and Plastid Transporters during the Culture Growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Mol Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893320040147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Lopez BR, Palacios OA, Bashan Y, Hernández-Sandoval FE, de-Bashan LE. Riboflavin and lumichrome exuded by the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense promote growth and changes in metabolites in Chlorella sorokiniana under autotrophic conditions. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101696 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Lopez BR, Palacios OA, Bashan Y, Hernández-Sandoval FE, de-Bashan LE. Riboflavin and lumichrome exuded by the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense promote growth and changes in metabolites in Chlorella sorokiniana under autotrophic conditions. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Toyama T, Hanaoka T, Yamada K, Suzuki K, Tanaka Y, Morikawa M, Mori K. Enhanced production of biomass and lipids by Euglena gracilis via co-culturing with a microalga growth-promoting bacterium, Emticicia sp. EG3. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:205. [PMID: 31695747 PMCID: PMC6822413 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1544-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Euglena gracilis, a unicellular flagellated microalga, is regarded as one of the most promising species as microalgal feedstock for biofuels. Its lipids (mainly wax esters) are suitable for biodiesel and jet fuel. Culture of E. gracilis using wastewater effluent will improve the economics of E. gracilis biofuel production. Enhancement of the productivity of E. gracilis biomass is critical to creating a highly efficient biofuels production system. Certain bacteria have been found to promote microalgal growth by creating a favorable microenvironment. These bacteria have been characterized as microalgae growth-promoting bacteria (MGPB). Co-culture of microalgae with MGPB might offer an effective strategy to enhance microalgal biomass production in wastewater effluent culture systems. However, no MGPB has been identified to enhance the growth of E. gracilis. The objectives of this study were, therefore, to isolate and characterize the MGPB effective for E. gracilis and to demonstrate that the isolated MGPB indeed enhances the production of biomass and lipids by E. gracilis in wastewater effluent culture system. RESULTS A bacterium, Emticicia sp. EG3, which is capable of promoting the growth of microalga E. gracilis, was isolated from an E. gracilis-municipal wastewater effluent culture. Biomass production rate of E. gracilis was enhanced 3.5-fold and 3.1-fold by EG3 in the co-culture system using a medium of heat-sterilized and non-sterilized wastewater effluent, respectively, compared to growth in the same effluent culture but without EG3. Two-step culture system was examined as follows: E. gracilis was cultured with or without EG3 in wastewater effluent in the first step and was further grown in wastewater effluent in the second step. Production yields of biomass and lipids by E. gracilis were enhanced 3.2-fold and 2.9-fold, respectively, in the second step of the system in which E. gracilis was co-cultured with EG3 in the first step. CONCLUSION Emticicia sp. EG3 is the first MGPB for E. gracilis. Growth-promoting bacteria such as EG3 will be promising agents for enhancing E. gracilis biomass/biofuel productivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Toyama
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511 Japan
| | - Tsubasa Hanaoka
- Integrated Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering, and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511 Japan
| | - Koji Yamada
- Euglena Co., Ltd., 5-29-11 Shiba Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-0014 Japan
- Microalgae Production Control Technology Laboratory, RIKEN, 1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yookohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Kengo Suzuki
- Euglena Co., Ltd., 5-29-11 Shiba Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-0014 Japan
- Microalgae Production Control Technology Laboratory, RIKEN, 1-7-22, Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yookohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Tanaka
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511 Japan
| | - Masaaki Morikawa
- Division of Biosphere Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-10 Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810 Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Mori
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, 4-3-11 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511 Japan
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15
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Li R, Pan J, Yan M, Yang J, Qin W, Liu Y. Treatment of fracturing wastewater using microalgae‐bacteria consortium. CAN J CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.23631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Li
- College of Petroleum EngineeringXi'an Shiyou University Xi'an China
- Technology Center of High Energy Gas FracturingCNPC, Xi'an Shiyou University Xi'an China
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Alberta Edmonton Canada
| | - Jie Pan
- College of Petroleum EngineeringXi'an Shiyou University Xi'an China
| | - Minmin Yan
- College of Petroleum EngineeringXi'an Shiyou University Xi'an China
| | - Jiang Yang
- College of Petroleum EngineeringXi'an Shiyou University Xi'an China
| | - Wenlong Qin
- College of Petroleum EngineeringXi'an Shiyou University Xi'an China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Petroleum EngineeringXi'an Shiyou University Xi'an China
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Alberta Edmonton Canada
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16
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Palacios OA, Lopez BR, Bashan Y, de-Bashan LE. Early Changes in Nutritional Conditions Affect Formation of Synthetic Mutualism Between Chlorella sorokiniana and the Bacterium Azospirillum brasilense. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 77:980-992. [PMID: 30397795 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-018-1282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The effect of three different nutritional conditions during the initial 12 h of interaction between the microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 2714 and the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense Cd on formation of synthetic mutualism was assessed by changes in population growth, production of signal molecules tryptophan and indole-3-acetic acid, starch accumulation, and patterns of cell aggregation. When the interaction was supported by a nutrient-rich medium, production of both signal molecules was detected, but not when this interaction began with nitrogen-free (N-free) or carbon-free (C-free) media. Overall, populations of bacteria and microalgae were larger when co-immobilized. However, the highest starch production was measured in C. sorokiniana immobilized alone and growing continuously in a C-free mineral medium. In this interaction, the initial nutritional condition influenced the time at which the highest accumulation of starch occurred in Chlorella, where the N-free medium induced faster starch production and the richer medium delayed its accumulation. Formation of aggregates made of microalgae and bacteria occurred in all nutritional conditions, with maximum at 83 h in mineral medium, and coincided with declining starch content. This study demonstrates that synthetic mutualism between C. sorokiniana and A. brasilense can be modulated by the initial nutritional condition, mainly by the presence or absence of nitrogen and carbon in the medium in which they are interacting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar A Palacios
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), Av. IPN 195, 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
- The Bashan Institute of Science, 1730 Post Oak Court, Auburn, AL, 36830, USA
| | - Blanca R Lopez
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), Av. IPN 195, 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
- The Bashan Institute of Science, 1730 Post Oak Court, Auburn, AL, 36830, USA
| | - Yoav Bashan
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), Av. IPN 195, 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico
- The Bashan Institute of Science, 1730 Post Oak Court, Auburn, AL, 36830, USA
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, 301 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Luz E de-Bashan
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Northwestern Center for Biological Research (CIBNOR), Av. IPN 195, 23096, La Paz, BCS, Mexico.
- The Bashan Institute of Science, 1730 Post Oak Court, Auburn, AL, 36830, USA.
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, 301 Funchess Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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17
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Li-Beisson Y, Thelen JJ, Fedosejevs E, Harwood JL. The lipid biochemistry of eukaryotic algae. Prog Lipid Res 2019; 74:31-68. [PMID: 30703388 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Algal lipid metabolism fascinates both scientists and entrepreneurs due to the large diversity of fatty acyl structures that algae produce. Algae have therefore long been studied as sources of genes for novel fatty acids; and, due to their superior biomass productivity, algae are also considered a potential feedstock for biofuels. However, a major issue in a commercially viable "algal oil-to-biofuel" industry is the high production cost, because most algal species only produce large amounts of oils after being exposed to stress conditions. Recent studies have therefore focused on the identification of factors involved in TAG metabolism, on the subcellular organization of lipid pathways, and on interactions between organelles. This has been accompanied by the development of genetic/genomic and synthetic biological tools not only for the reference green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii but also for Nannochloropsis spp. and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Advances in our understanding of enzymes and regulatory proteins of acyl lipid biosynthesis and turnover are described herein with a focus on carbon and energetic aspects. We also summarize how changes in environmental factors can impact lipid metabolism and describe present and potential industrial uses of algal lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Li-Beisson
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, CEA Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez Durance F-13108, France.
| | - Jay J Thelen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
| | - Eric Fedosejevs
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Columbia, MO 65211, United States.
| | - John L Harwood
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK.
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18
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Gautam K, Tripathi JK, Pareek A, Sharma DK. Growth and secretome analysis of possible synergistic interaction between green algae and cyanobacteria. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 127:213-221. [PMID: 30391236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Synergistic coexistence of nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria such as Anabaena variabilis, Nostoc muscorum and Westiellopsis prolifica with green algae namely Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlorella vulgaris and Botryococcus braunii was studied under nitrogen deficient conditions. The effect of these interactions was investigated on growth, fixed nitrogen content, lipid content and their secretomes in individual cultures and cocultures. Based on the cocultivation studies, it was found that out of the nine interactions studied, B. braunii-N. muscorum synergism was best established. This interaction resulted in a maximum of 50% enhancement in nitrogen fixation in B. braunii-N. muscorum co-culture leading to 27% enhancement in lipid content (membrane and neutral lipid). In general, B. braunii co-cultures showed an enhancement in biomass content of up to 38%. Secretome analysis showed presence of new and modified secondary metabolites having roles in quorum sensing/quenching, interspecies signaling, N-fixation, carbon metabolism, lipid metabolism, antimicrobial activity. Compounds such as trichloroacetic acid and hexadecane were identified that are known to have roles in nitrogen assimilation and carbon metabolism, respectively, were present in some of the co-culture secretomes. The combination of B. braunii-N. muscorum led to the formation of new compounds such as triacontanol which have role in improvement of glucose-lipid metabolism and 9-octadecenamide that is known to be a phytohormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshipra Gautam
- Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Jayant Kumar Tripathi
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Durlubh Kumar Sharma
- Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India
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19
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Chignell JF, Schlegel C, Ulber R, Reardon KF. Quantitative proteomic analysis of
Lactobacillus delbrueckii
ssp.
lactis
biofilms. AIChE J 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy F. Chignell
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO, 80523
| | - Christin Schlegel
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern, D‐67663 Germany
| | - Roland Ulber
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern, D‐67663 Germany
| | - Kenneth F. Reardon
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO, 80523
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program Colorado State University Fort Collins CO, 80523
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20
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Freitas HR. Chlorella vulgaris as a Source of Essential Fatty Acids and Micronutrients: A Brief Commentary. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.2174/1874294701710010092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) comprise about 35-40% of the total lipid content from green algaeChlorella, reaching up to 24% linoleic acid and 27% α-linolenic acid inC. vulgaris. Also, microalgae nutrient composition may be modulated by changes in the culture medium, increasing fatty acid and microelement concentrations in the algae biomass. PUFAs, such as α-linolenic (n-3) and linoleic (n-6) acids, as well as its derivatives, are considered essential for dietary consumption, and their ability to regulate body chemistry has been recently explored in depth. A balanced fatty acid consumption is shown to counteract the negative effects of western diets, such as chronic inflammation and glucose intolerance. In this brief commentary, technological and practical uses ofC. vulgarisare explored as means to improve dietary quality and, ultimately, human health.
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21
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Lopez BR, Hernandez JP, Bashan Y, de-Bashan LE. Immobilization of microalgae cells in alginate facilitates isolation of DNA and RNA. J Microbiol Methods 2017; 135:96-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Enhanced performance of the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana remotely induced by the plant growth-promoting bacteria Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus pumilus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41310. [PMID: 28145473 PMCID: PMC5286510 DOI: 10.1038/srep41310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Remote effects (occurring without physical contact) of two plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) Azospirillum brasilense Cd and Bacilus pumilus ES4 on growth of the green microalga Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 2714 were studied. The two PGPB remotely enhanced the growth of the microalga, up to six-fold, and its cell volume by about three-fold. In addition to phenotypic changes, both bacteria remotely induced increases in the amounts of total lipids, total carbohydrates, and chlorophyll a in the cells of the microalga, indicating an alteration of the microalga’s physiology. The two bacteria produced large amounts of volatile compounds, including CO2, and the known plant growth-promoting volatile 2,3-butanediol and acetoin. Several other volatiles having biological functions in other organisms, as well as numerous volatile compounds with undefined biological roles, were detected. Together, these bacteria-derived volatiles can positively affect growth and metabolic parameters in green microalgae without physical attachment of the bacteria to the microalgae. This is a new paradigm on how PGPB promote growth of microalgae which may serve to improve performance of Chlorella spp. for biotechnological applications.
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23
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Palacios OA, Choix FJ, Bashan Y, de-Bashan LE. Influence of tryptophan and indole-3-acetic acid on starch accumulation in the synthetic mutualistic Chlorella sorokiniana – Azospirillum brasilense system under heterotrophic conditions. Res Microbiol 2016; 167:367-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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24
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Fuentes JL, Garbayo I, Cuaresma M, Montero Z, González-Del-Valle M, Vílchez C. Impact of Microalgae-Bacteria Interactions on the Production of Algal Biomass and Associated Compounds. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:md14050100. [PMID: 27213407 PMCID: PMC4882574 DOI: 10.3390/md14050100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A greater insight on the control of the interactions between microalgae and other microorganisms, particularly bacteria, should be useful for enhancing the efficiency of microalgal biomass production and associated valuable compounds. Little attention has been paid to the controlled utilization of microalgae-bacteria consortia. However, the studies of microalgal-bacterial interactions have revealed a significant impact of the mutualistic or parasitic relationships on algal growth. The algal growth, for instance, has been shown to be enhanced by growth promoting factors produced by bacteria, such as indole-3-acetic acid. Vitamin B12 produced by bacteria in algal cultures and bacterial siderophores are also known to be involved in promoting faster microalgal growth. More interestingly, enhancement in the intracellular levels of carbohydrates, lipids and pigments of microalgae coupled with algal growth stimulation has also been reported. In this sense, massive algal production might occur in the presence of bacteria, and microalgae-bacteria interactions can be beneficial to the massive production of microalgae and algal products. This manuscript reviews the recent knowledge on the impact of the microalgae-bacteria interactions on the production of microalgae and accumulation of valuable compounds, with an emphasis on algal species having application in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luis Fuentes
- Algal Biotechnology Group, Ciderta and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva 21007, Spain.
| | - Inés Garbayo
- Algal Biotechnology Group, Ciderta and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva 21007, Spain.
| | - María Cuaresma
- Algal Biotechnology Group, Ciderta and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva 21007, Spain.
| | - Zaida Montero
- Algal Biotechnology Group, Ciderta and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva 21007, Spain.
| | | | - Carlos Vílchez
- Algal Biotechnology Group, Ciderta and Faculty of Sciences, University of Huelva and Marine International Campus of Excellence (CEIMAR), Huelva 21007, Spain.
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Palacios OA, Gomez-Anduro G, Bashan Y, de-Bashan LE. Tryptophan, thiamine and indole-3-acetic acid exchange betweenChlorella sorokinianaand the plant growth-promoting bacteriumAzospirillum brasilense. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2016; 92:fiw077. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiw077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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26
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de-Bashan LE, Mayali X, Bebout BM, Weber PK, Detweiler AM, Hernandez JP, Prufert-Bebout L, Bashan Y. Establishment of stable synthetic mutualism without co-evolution between microalgae and bacteria demonstrated by mutual transfer of metabolites (NanoSIMS isotopic imaging) and persistent physical association (Fluorescent in situ hybridization). ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Shen XF, Chu FF, Lam PKS, Zeng RJ. Biosynthesis of high yield fatty acids from Chlorella vulgaris NIES-227 under nitrogen starvation stress during heterotrophic cultivation. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 81:294-300. [PMID: 26081436 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study the heterotrophic cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris NIES-227 fed with glucose was investigated systematically using six media types; combinations of nitrogen repletion/depletion and phosphorus repletion/limitation/depletion. It was found that a high yield of fatty acids (0.88 of fed glucose-COD) and a high content of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) (89% of dry weight) were obtained under nitrogen starved conditions. To our knowledge it is the first report on such high COD conversion yield and FAME content in microalgae. The dominant fatty acid (>50%) was methyl oleate (C18:1), a desirable component for biodiesel synthesis. FAME content under nitrogen starved conditions was significantly higher than under nitrogen sufficient conditions, while phosphorus had no significant influence, indicating that nitrogen starvation was the real "fatty acids trigger" in heterotrophic cultivation. These findings could simplify the downstream extraction process, such as the extrusion of oil from soybeans, and could reduce operating costs by improving the fatty acid yield from waste COD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Shen
- Advanced Laboratory for Environmental Research and Technology, USTC-CityU, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Fei-Fei Chu
- Advanced Laboratory for Environmental Research and Technology, USTC-CityU, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Paul K S Lam
- Advanced Laboratory for Environmental Research and Technology, USTC-CityU, Suzhou, PR China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Raymond J Zeng
- Advanced Laboratory for Environmental Research and Technology, USTC-CityU, Suzhou, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
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