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Battache M, Suarez-Fernandez M, Klooster MV, Cambon F, Sánchez-Vallet A, Lebrun MH, Langin T, Saintenac C. Stomatal penetration: the cornerstone of plant resistance to the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:736. [PMID: 39095719 PMCID: PMC11295904 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the foliar fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, is one of the most damaging disease of wheat in Europe. Genetic resistance against this fungus relies on different types of resistance from non-host resistance (NHR) and host species specific resistance (HSSR) to host resistance mediated by quantitative trait loci (QTLs) or major resistance genes (Stb). Characterizing the diversity of theses resistances is of great importance for breeding wheat cultivars with efficient and durable resistance. While the functional mechanisms underlying these resistance types are not well understood, increasing piece of evidence suggest that fungus stomatal penetration and early establishment in the apoplast are both crucial for the outcome of some interactions between Z. tritici and plants. To validate and extend these previous observations, we conducted quantitative comparative phenotypical and cytological analyses of the infection process corresponding to 22 different interactions between plant species and Z. tritici isolates. These interactions included four major bread wheat Stb genes, four bread wheat accessions with contrasting quantitative resistance, two species resistant to Z. tritici isolates from bread wheat (HSSR) and four plant species resistant to all Z. tritici isolates (NHR). RESULTS Infiltration of Z. tritici spores into plant leaves allowed the partial bypass of all bread wheat resistances and durum wheat resistance, but not resistances from other plants species. Quantitative comparative cytological analysis showed that in the non-grass plant Nicotiana benthamiana, Z. tritici was stopped before stomatal penetration. By contrast, in all resistant grass plants, Z. tritici was stopped, at least partly, during stomatal penetration. The intensity of this early plant control process varied depending on resistance types, quantitative resistances being the least effective. These analyses also demonstrated that Stb-mediated resistances, HSSR and NHR, but not quantitative resistances, relied on the strong growth inhibition of the few Z. tritici penetrating hyphae at their entry point in the sub-stomatal cavity. CONCLUSIONS In addition to furnishing a robust quantitative cytological assessment system, our study uncovered three stopping patterns of Z. tritici by plant resistances. Stomatal resistance was found important for most resistances to Z. tritici, independently of its type (Stb, HSSR, NHR). These results provided a basis for the functional analysis of wheat resistance to Z. tritici and its improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Battache
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marta Suarez-Fernandez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Technología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
| | | | - Florence Cambon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Andrea Sánchez-Vallet
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Technología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain
| | - Marc-Henri Lebrun
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Thierry Langin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cyrille Saintenac
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Radecka-Janusik M, Piechota U, Piaskowska D, Słowacki P, Bartosiak S, Czembor P. Haplotype-based association mapping of genomic regions associated with Zymoseptoria tritici resistance using 217 diverse wheat genotypes. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:682. [PMID: 39020304 PMCID: PMC11256644 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is considered to be one of the most destructive foliar wheat diseases and is caused by Zymoseptoria tritici. The yield losses are severe and in Northwestern Europe can reach up to 50%. The efficacy of fungicides is diminishing due to changes in the genetic structure of the pathogen. Therefore, resistance breeding is the most effective strategy of disease management. Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become more popular due to their robustness in dissecting complex traits, including STB resistance in wheat. This was made possible by the use of large mapping populations and new sequencing technologies. High-resolution mapping benefits from historical recombination and greater allele numbers in GWAS. RESULTS In our study, 217 wheat genotypes of diverse origin were phenotyped against five Z. tritici isolates (IPO323, IPO88004, IPO92004, IPO86036 and St1-03) and genotyped on the DArTseq platform. In polytunnel tests two disease parameters were evaluated: the percentage of leaf area covered by necrotic lesions (NEC) and the percentage of leaf area covered by lesions bearing pycnidia (PYC). The disease escape parameters heading date (Hd) and plant height (Ht) were also measured. Pearson's correlation showed a positive effect between disease parameters, providing additional information. The Structure analysis indicated four subpopulations which included from 28 (subpopulation 2) to 79 genotypes (subpopulation 3). All of the subpopulations showed a relatively high degree of admixture, which ranged from 60% of genotypes with less than 80% of proportions of the genome attributed to assigned subpopulation for group 2 to 85% for group 4. Haplotype-based GWAS analysis allowed us to identify 27 haploblocks (HBs) significantly associated with analysed traits with a p-value above the genome-wide significance threshold (5%, which was -log10(p) > 3.64) and spread across the wheat genome. The explained phenotypic variation of identified significant HBs ranged from 0.2% to 21.5%. The results of the analysis showed that four haplotypes (HTs) associated with disease parameters cause a reduction in the level of leaf coverage by necrosis and pycnidia, namely: Chr3A_HB98_HT2, Chr5B_HB47_HT1, Chr7B_HB36_HT1 and Chr5D_HB10_HT3. CONCLUSIONS GWAS analysis enabled us to identify four significant chromosomal regions associated with a reduction in STB disease parameters. The list of valuable HBs and wheat varieties possessing them provides promising material for further molecular analysis of resistance loci and development of breeding programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Radecka-Janusik
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Radzików, Błonie, 05-870, Poland
| | - Urszula Piechota
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Radzików, Błonie, 05-870, Poland
| | - Dominika Piaskowska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Radzików, Błonie, 05-870, Poland
| | - Piotr Słowacki
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Radzików, Błonie, 05-870, Poland
| | - Sławomir Bartosiak
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Radzików, Błonie, 05-870, Poland
| | - Paweł Czembor
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Radzików, Błonie, 05-870, Poland.
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Binalf L, Shifa H, Tadesse W. Association mapping of septoria tritici blotch resistance in bread wheat in Bale and Arsi highlands, Ethiopia. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32265. [PMID: 38912495 PMCID: PMC11190591 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici, anamorph Septoria tritici Rob. ex Desm., is an important wheat pathogen worldwide, reported to be major wheat production threating factor, posing considerable yield loss every year. Developing resistant cultivars is an efficient, economical, environmentally friendly and simple approach for managing STB. This study was carried out to evaluate spring bread wheat lines for their reaction to STB disease under field conditions; to associate phenotypic and genotypic data for identification of STB disease resistance; and to identify genomic region(s) associated with resistance to STB in spring bread wheat lines. Two hundred forty (240) spring bread wheat lines were evaluated under field conditions in non-replicated trials, using an augmented design. The trials were conducted at three locations (Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Madda Walabu University Research Site and Sinana Agricultural Research Center) in 2017 main cropping season (July to December). Out of these 240 wheat lines, 123 of them were genotyped with 10263 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) markers and population structure and association mapping analysis was done. The wheat lines showed significant variations in percentage disease severity and area under the disease progress curve at all the three locations they were evaluated. The wheat lines were classified as resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible and susceptible based on the percentage disease severity scored. Five wheat lines were found to be resistant to STB in all the three locations and are recommended for direct release by the national program and parentage purposes in wheat breeding programs. The 123 wheat lines were clustered into 3 subpopulations in which the first cluster contained 99 wheat lines; the second 17 and the last one 7. Among the polymorphic 8127 SNPs markers, 26 markers on chromosomes 7B, 1D, 3A, 2B, 6B and 3D were found to be significantly (P < 0.001) associated with STB resistance so that they can be utilized for marker assisted selection and gene pyramiding in resistance breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakachew Binalf
- Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Debark University, Debark, Ethiopia
| | - Hassen Shifa
- Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Madda Walabu University, Bale Robe, Ethiopia
| | - Wuletaw Tadesse
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Beirut, Lebanon
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Xu X, Li G, Bai G, Bian R, Bernardo A, Wolabu TW, Carver BF, Wu Y, Elliott N. Characterization of a new greenbug resistance gene Gb9 in a synthetic hexaploid wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:140. [PMID: 38780770 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04650-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Greenbug [Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)] is a serious insect pest that not only damages cereal crops, but also transmits several destructive viruses. The emergence of new greenbug biotypes in the field makes it urgent to identify novel greenbug resistance genes in wheat. CWI 76364 (PI 703397), a synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) line, exhibits greenbug resistance. Evaluation of an F2:3 population from cross OK 14319 × CWI 76364 indicated that a dominant gene, designated Gb9, conditions greenbug resistance in CWI 76364. Selective genotyping of a subset of F2 plants with contrasting phenotypes by genotyping-by-sequencing identified 25 SNPs closely linked to Gb9 on chromosome arm 7DL. Ten of these SNPs were converted to Kompetitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (KASP) markers for genotyping the entire F2 population. Genetic analysis delimited Gb9 to a 0.6-Mb interval flanked by KASP markers located at 599,835,668 bp (Stars-KASP872) and 600,471,081 bp (Stars-KASP881) on 7DL. Gb9 was 0.5 cM distal to Stars-KASP872 and 0.5 cM proximal to Stars-KASP881. Allelism tests indicated that Gb9 is a new greenbug resistance gene which confers resistance to greenbug biotypes C, E, H, I, and TX1. TX1 is one of the most widely virulent biotypes and has overcome most known wheat greenbug resistance genes. The introgression of Gb9 into locally adapted wheat cultivars is of economic importance, and the KASP markers developed in this study can be used to tag Gb9 in cultivar development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Xu
- Peanut and Small Grains Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA.
| | - Genqiao Li
- Peanut and Small Grains Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA
| | - Guihua Bai
- Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Ruolin Bian
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Amy Bernardo
- Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Tezera W Wolabu
- Plant and Soil Science Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA
| | - Brett F Carver
- Plant and Soil Science Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA
| | - Yanqi Wu
- Plant and Soil Science Department, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA
| | - Norman Elliott
- Peanut and Small Grains Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA
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Ababa G. Biology, taxonomy, genetics, and management of Zymoseptoria tritici: the causal agent of wheat leaf blotch. Mycology 2023; 14:292-315. [PMID: 38187886 PMCID: PMC10769150 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2241492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch or Septoria leaf blotch has been used for long time, but leaf blotch is a correct disease name. Moreover, Lb resistant gene is the correct name, but, not Stb gene. It has sexual and asexual parts on the mycelia, known as heterothallic fungi. Its pathogenic diversity ranged from 40% to 93% and has produced a wide variety of AvrLb6 haplotypes. M. graminicola has a plasmogamy and karyogamy sexual process. The pathogen can use macropycnidiospores, micropycnidiospores, and pycnidia vegetative growths for infection and overwintering. Synthetic M3, Kavkaz-K4500, Synthetic 6×, and TE9111 wheat genotypes have horizontal resistance. Avirulence (Avr) genes in Z. tritici and their matching wheat (R) genes indicate gene for gene mechanisms of resistance. Twenty-two R genes (vertical resistance) have been identified. In both horizontal and vertical resistance, different Lb genes have been broken down due to new Z.tritici virulent gene and currently Lb19 resistant gene is being recommended. Mixing of resistant and susceptible cultivars is also the most effective management strategy. Moreover, different cultural practices and biological control have been proposed. Lastly, different fungicides are also available. However, in developing countries cultivar mixture, isolates diversity, biological control, and epidemic studies have been greatly missed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girma Ababa
- Department of Plant Protection (Plant Pathology), Holetta Agricultural Research Center (HARC), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Holetta, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Jabran M, Ali MA, Zahoor A, Muhae-Ud-Din G, Liu T, Chen W, Gao L. Intelligent reprogramming of wheat for enhancement of fungal and nematode disease resistance using advanced molecular techniques. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1132699. [PMID: 37235011 PMCID: PMC10206142 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1132699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) diseases are major factors responsible for substantial yield losses worldwide, which affect global food security. For a long time, plant breeders have been struggling to improve wheat resistance against major diseases by selection and conventional breeding techniques. Therefore, this review was conducted to shed light on various gaps in the available literature and to reveal the most promising criteria for disease resistance in wheat. However, novel techniques for molecular breeding in the past few decades have been very fruitful for developing broad-spectrum disease resistance and other important traits in wheat. Many types of molecular markers such as SCAR, RAPD, SSR, SSLP, RFLP, SNP, and DArT, etc., have been reported for resistance against wheat pathogens. This article summarizes various insightful molecular markers involved in wheat improvement for resistance to major diseases through diverse breeding programs. Moreover, this review highlights the applications of marker assisted selection (MAS), quantitative trait loci (QTL), genome wide association studies (GWAS) and the CRISPR/Cas-9 system for developing disease resistance against most important wheat diseases. We also reviewed all reported mapped QTLs for bunts, rusts, smuts, and nematode diseases of wheat. Furthermore, we have also proposed how the CRISPR/Cas-9 system and GWAS can assist breeders in the future for the genetic improvement of wheat. If these molecular approaches are used successfully in the future, they can be a significant step toward expanding food production in wheat crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jabran
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Amjad Ali
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Adil Zahoor
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ghulam Muhae-Ud-Din
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Taiguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wanquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Tidd H, Rudd JJ, Ray RV, Bryant R, Kanyuka K. A large bioassay identifies Stb resistance genes that provide broad resistance against Septoria tritici blotch disease in the UK. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1070986. [PMID: 36699841 PMCID: PMC9868401 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1070986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is one of the most damaging fungal diseases of wheat in Europe, largely due to the paucity of effective resistance genes against it in breeding materials. Currently dominant protection methods against this disease, e.g. fungicides and the disease resistance genes already deployed, are losing their effectiveness. Therefore, it is vital that other available disease resistance sources are identified, understood and deployed in a manner that maximises their effectiveness and durability. METHODS In this study, we assessed wheat genotypes containing nineteen known major STB resistance genes (Stb1 through to Stb19) or combinations thereof against a broad panel of 93 UK Zymoseptoria tritici isolates. Seedlings were inoculated using a cotton swab and monitored for four weeks. Four infection-related phenotypic traits were visually assessed. These were the days post infection to the development of first symptoms and pycnidia, percentage coverage of the infected leaf area with chlorosis/necrosis and percentage coverage of the infected leaf area with pycnidia. RESULTS The different Stb genes were found to vary greatly in the levels of protection they provided, with pycnidia coverage at four weeks differing significantly from susceptible controls for every tested genotype. Stb10, Stb11, Stb12, Stb16q, Stb17, and Stb19 were identified as contributing broad spectrum disease resistance, and synthetic hexaploid wheat lines were identified as particularly promising sources of broadly effective STB resistances. DISCUSSION No single Z. tritici isolate was found to be virulent against all tested resistance genes. Wheat genotypes carrying multiple Stb genes were found to provide higher levels of resistance than expected given their historical levels of use. Furthermore, it was noted that disease resistance controlled by different Stb genes was associated with different levels of chlorosis, with high levels of early chlorosis in some genotypes correlated with high resistance to fungal pycnidia development, potentially suggesting the presence of multiple resistance mechanisms.The knowledge obtained here will aid UK breeders in prioritising Stb genes for future breeding programmes, in which optimal combinations of resistance genes could be pyramided. In addition, this study identified the most interesting Stb genes for cloning and detailed functional analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Tidd
- Protecting Crops and the Environment, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Jason J. Rudd
- Protecting Crops and the Environment, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | - Rumiana V. Ray
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, United Kingdom
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Orellana-Torrejon C, Vidal T, Gazeau G, Boixel AL, Gélisse S, Lageyre J, Saint-Jean S, Suffert F. Multiple scenarios for sexual crosses in the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici on wheat residues: Potential consequences for virulence gene transmission. Fungal Genet Biol 2022; 163:103744. [PMID: 36209959 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2022.103744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the impact of host immunity on sexual reproduction in fungal pathogens. In particular, it is unclear whether crossing requires both sexual partners to infect living plant tissues. We addressed this issue in a three-year experiment investigating different scenarios of Zymoseptoria tritici crosses according to the virulence ('vir') or avirulence ('avr') of the parents against a qualitative resistance gene. Co-inoculations ('vir × vir', 'avr × vir', 'avr × avr') and single inoculations were performed on a wheat cultivar carrying the Stb16q resistance gene (Cellule) and a susceptible cultivar (Apache), in the greenhouse. We assessed the intensity of asexual reproduction by scoring disease severity, and the intensity of sexual reproduction by counting the ascospores discharged from wheat residues. As expected, disease severity was more intense on Cellule for 'vir × vir' co-inoculations than for 'avr × vir' co-inoculations, with no disease for 'avr × avr'. However, all types of co-inoculation yielded sexual offspring, whether or not the parental strains caused plant symptoms. Parenthood was confirmed by genotyping (SSR markers), and the occurrence of crosses between (co-)inoculated and exogenous strains (other strains from the experiment, or from far away) was determined. We showed that symptomatic asexual infection was not required for a strain to participate in sexual reproduction, and deduced from this result that avirulent strains could be maintained asymptomatically "on" or "in" leaf tissues of plants carrying the corresponding resistant gene for long enough to reproduce sexually. In two of the three years, the intensity of sexual reproduction did not differ between the three types of co-inoculation in Cellule, suggesting that crosses involving avirulent strains are not anecdotal. We discuss the possible mechanisms explaining the maintenance of avirulence in Z. tritici populations and the potential impact of particular resistance deployments such as cultivar mixtures for limiting resistance breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Orellana-Torrejon
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120 Palaiseau, France; Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Tiphaine Vidal
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Gwilherm Gazeau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Anne-Lise Boixel
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Sandrine Gélisse
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Jérôme Lageyre
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Sébastien Saint-Jean
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Frédéric Suffert
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UR BIOGER, 91120 Palaiseau, France.
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Yang N, Ovenden B, Baxter B, McDonald MC, Solomon PS, Milgate A. Multi-stage resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici revealed by GWAS in an Australian bread wheat diversity panel. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:990915. [PMID: 36352863 PMCID: PMC9637935 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.990915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) has been ranked the third most important wheat disease in the world, threatening a large area of wheat production. Although major genes play an important role in the protection against Zymoseptoria tritici infection, the lifespan of their resistance unfortunately is very short in modern wheat production systems. Combinations of quantitative resistance with minor effects, therefore, are believed to have prolonged and more durable resistance to Z. tritici. In this study, new quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified that are responsible for seedling-stage resistance and adult-plant stage resistance (APR). More importantly was the characterisation of a previously unidentified QTL that can provide resistance during different stages of plant growth or multi-stage resistance (MSR). At the seedling stage, we discovered a new isolate-specific QTL, QSt.wai.1A.1. At the adult-plant stage, the new QTL QStb.wai.6A.2 provided stable and consistent APR in multiple sites and years, while the QTL QStb.wai.7A.2 was highlighted to have MSR. The stacking of multiple favourable MSR alleles was found to improve resistance to Z. tritici by up to 40%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Yang
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Ben Ovenden
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Brad Baxter
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Megan C. McDonald
- University of Birmingham, School of Biosciences, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Peter S. Solomon
- Division of Plant Sciences, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Andrew Milgate
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wagga Wagga Agricultural Institute, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
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Ferjaoui S, Aouini L, Slimane RB, Ammar K, Dreisigacker S, Schouten HJ, Sapkota S, Bahri BA, Ben M'Barek S, Visser RGF, Kema GHJ, Hamza S. Deciphering resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici in the Tunisian durum wheat landrace accession 'Agili39'. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:372. [PMID: 35581550 PMCID: PMC9112612 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08560-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by Zymoseptoria tritici (Z. tritici), is an important biotic threat to durum wheat in the entire Mediterranean Basin. Although most durum wheat cultivars are susceptible to Z. tritici, research in STB resistance in durum wheat has been limited. Results In our study, we have identified resistance to a wide array of Z. tritici isolates in the Tunisian durum wheat landrace accession ‘Agili39’. Subsequently, a recombinant inbred population was developed and tested under greenhouse conditions at the seedling stage with eight Z. tritici isolates and for five years under field conditions with three Z. tritici isolates. Mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) resulted in the identification of two major QTL on chromosome 2B designated as Qstb2B_1 and Qstb2B_2. The Qstb2B_1 QTL was mapped at the seedling and the adult plant stage (highest LOD 33.9, explained variance 61.6%), conferring an effective resistance against five Z. tritici isolates. The Qstb2B_2 conferred adult plant resistance (highest LOD 32.9, explained variance 42%) and has been effective at the field trials against two Z. tritici isolates. The physical positions of the flanking markers linked to Qstb2B_1 and Qstb2B_2 indicate that these two QTL are 5 Mb apart. In addition, we identified two minor QTL on chromosomes 1A (Qstb1A) and chromosome 7A (Qstb7A) (highest LODs 4.6 and 4.0, and explained variances of 16% and 9%, respectively) that were specific to three and one Z. tritici isolates, respectively. All identified QTL were derived from the landrace accession Agili39 that represents a valuable source for STB resistance in durum wheat. Conclusion This study demonstrates that Z. tritici resistance in the ‘Agili39’ landrace accession is controlled by two minor and two major QTL acting in an additive mode. We also provide evidence that the broad efficacy of the resistance to STB in ‘Agili 39’ is due to a natural pyramiding of these QTL. A sustainable use of this Z. tritici resistance source and a positive selection of the linked markers to the identified QTL will greatly support effective breeding for Z. tritici resistance in durum wheat. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08560-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahbi Ferjaoui
- Laboratory of Bioaggressors and Integrated Protection in Agriculture (BPIA), National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia (INAT), 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, 1082 El Mahrajène, Tunis, Tunisia.,Present Address Field Crops Laboratory, Regional Field Crops Research Center of Beja (CRRGC), P.O. Box 9000, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Lamia Aouini
- Bio-Interaction and Plant Health, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 16, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,The Graduate School 'Experimental Plant Sciences' (EPS), Wageningen Campus, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Present Address Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rim B Slimane
- Laboratory of Bioaggressors and Integrated Protection in Agriculture (BPIA), National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia (INAT), 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, 1082 El Mahrajène, Tunis, Tunisia.,Present address Higher Institute of Agronomy of Chott Meriam (ISA-CM), 4042, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Karim Ammar
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6‑641, 06600, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Suzanne Dreisigacker
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6‑641, 06600, Mexico, D.F., Mexico
| | - Henk J Schouten
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Suraj Sapkota
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, Department of Plant Pathology and Institute of Plant Breeding, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, 30223, USA.,Present Address United States Department of Agriculture USDA, Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, Tifton, GA, USA
| | - Bochra A Bahri
- Laboratory of Bioaggressors and Integrated Protection in Agriculture (BPIA), National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia (INAT), 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, 1082 El Mahrajène, Tunis, Tunisia.,Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics, Department of Plant Pathology and Institute of Plant Breeding, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, 30223, USA
| | - Sarrah Ben M'Barek
- CRP-Wheat Septoria Phenotyping Platform (CIMMYT-IRESA), Regional Field Crops Research Center of Beja (CRRGC), BP 350, 9000, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Richard G F Visser
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gert H J Kema
- Bio-Interaction and Plant Health, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 16, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University and Research, PO box 16, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sonia Hamza
- Laboratory of Bioaggressors and Integrated Protection in Agriculture (BPIA), National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia (INAT), 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, 1082 El Mahrajène, Tunis, Tunisia.
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11
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Mahboubi M, Talebi R, Mehrabi R, Mohammad Naji A, Maccaferri M, Kema GHJ. Genetic analysis of novel resistance sources and genome-wide association mapping identified novel QTLs for resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici, the causal agent of septoria tritici blotch in wheat. J Appl Genet 2022; 63:429-445. [PMID: 35482212 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-022-00696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by Zymoseptoria tritici is one of the most important foliar diseases of wheat causing significant yield losses worldwide. In this study, a panel of bread wheat genotypes comprised 185 globally diverse genotypes were tested against 10 Z. tritici isolates at the seedling stage. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) using high-throughput DArTseq markers was performed and further gene expression analysis of significant markers trait association (MTAs) associated with resistance to STB was analyzed. Disease severity level showed significant differences among wheat genotypes for resistance to different Z. tritici isolates. We found novel landrace genotypes that showed highly resistance spectra to all tested isolates. GWAS analysis resulted in 19 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance to STB that were located on 14 chromosomes. Overall, 14 QTLs were overlapped with previously known QTLs or resistance genes, as well as five potentially novel QTLs on chromosomes 1A, 4A, 5B, 5D, and 6D. Identified novel resistance sources and also novel QTLs for resistance to different Z. tritici isolates can be used for gene pyramiding and development of durable resistance cultivars in future wheat breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozghan Mahboubi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Reza Talebi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran. .,Keygene N.V, P.O. Box 216, 6700 AE, Wageningen, Netherlands.
| | - Rahim Mehrabi
- Keygene N.V, P.O. Box 216, 6700 AE, Wageningen, Netherlands. .,Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, POBox 8415683111, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Amir Mohammad Naji
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marco Maccaferri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gert H J Kema
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Mekonnen T, Sneller CH, Haileselassie T, Ziyomo C, Abeyo BG, Goodwin SB, Lule D, Tesfaye K. Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Novel Genetic Loci for Quantitative Resistance to Septoria Tritici Blotch in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:671323. [PMID: 34630445 PMCID: PMC8500178 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.671323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch, caused by the fungus Zymoseptoria titici, poses serious and persistent challenges to wheat cultivation in Ethiopia and worldwide. Deploying resistant cultivars is a major component of controlling septoria tritici blotch (STB). Thus, the objective of this study was to elucidate the genomic architecture of STB resistance in an association panel of 178 bread wheat genotypes. The association panel was phenotyped for STB resistance, phenology, yield, and yield-related traits in three locations for 2 years. The panel was also genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers using the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) method, and a total of 7,776 polymorphic SNPs were used in the subsequent analyses. Marker-trait associations were also computed using a genome association and prediction integrated tool (GAPIT). The study then found that the broad-sense heritability for STB resistance ranged from 0.58 to 0.97 and 0.72 to 0.81 at the individual and across-environment levels, respectively, indicating the presence of STB resistance alleles in the association panel. Population structure and principal component analyses detected two sub-groups with greater degrees of admixture. A linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis in 338,125 marker pairs also detected the existence of significant (p ≤ 0.01) linkage in 27.6% of the marker pairs. Specifically, in all chromosomes, the LD between SNPs declined within 2.26-105.62 Mbp, with an overall mean of 31.44 Mbp. Furthermore, the association analysis identified 53 loci that were significantly (false discovery rate, FDR, <0.05) associated with STB resistance, further pointing to 33 putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Most of these shared similar chromosomes with already published Septoria resistance genes, which were distributed across chromosomes 1B, 1D, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3A,3 B, 3D, 4A, 5A, 5B, 6A, 7A, 7B, and 7D. However, five of the putative QTLs identified on chromosomes 1A, 5D, and 6B appeared to be novel. Dissecting the detected loci on IWGSC RefSeq Annotation v2.1 revealed the existence of disease resistance-associated genes in the identified QTL regions that are involved in plant defense responses. These putative QTLs explained 2.7-13.2% of the total phenotypic variation. Seven of the QTLs (R 2 = 2.7-10.8%) for STB resistance also co-localized with marker-trait associations (MTAs) for agronomic traits. Overall, this analysis reported on putative QTLs for adult plant resistance to STB and some important agronomic traits. The reported and novel QTLs have been identified previously, indicating the potential to improve STB resistance by pyramiding QTLs by marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilahun Mekonnen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Clay H. Sneller
- Biosciences Eastern and Central Africa (BecA), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Cathrine Ziyomo
- Biosciences Eastern and Central Africa (BecA), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Bekele G. Abeyo
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center- CIMMYT (Ethiopia), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Stephen B. Goodwin
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Dagnachew Lule
- Oromia Agricultural Research Institute (OARI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kassahun Tesfaye
- Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Ethiopian Biotechnology Institute (EBTi), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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13
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Stephens C, Ölmez F, Blyth H, McDonald M, Bansal A, Turgay EB, Hahn F, Saintenac C, Nekrasov V, Solomon P, Milgate A, Fraaije B, Rudd J, Kanyuka K. Remarkable recent changes in the genetic diversity of the avirulence gene AvrStb6 in global populations of the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:1121-1133. [PMID: 34258838 PMCID: PMC8358995 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, is one of the most economically important diseases of wheat. Recently, both factors of a gene-for-gene interaction between Z. tritici and wheat, the wheat receptor-like kinase Stb6 and the Z. tritici secreted effector protein AvrStb6, have been identified. Previous analyses revealed a high diversity of AvrStb6 haplotypes present in earlier Z. tritici isolate collections, with up to c.18% of analysed isolates possessing the avirulence isoform of AvrStb6 identical to that originally identified in the reference isolate IPO323. With Stb6 present in many commercial wheat cultivars globally, we aimed to assess potential changes in AvrStb6 genetic diversity and the incidence of haplotypes allowing evasion of Stb6-mediated resistance in more recent Z. tritici populations. Here we show, using targeted resequencing of AvrStb6, that this gene is universally present in field isolates sampled from major wheat-growing regions of the world in 2013-2017. However, in contrast to the data from previous AvrStb6 population studies, we report a complete absence of the originally described avirulence isoform of AvrStb6 amongst modern Z. tritici isolates. Moreover, a remarkably small number of haplotypes, each encoding AvrStb6 protein isoforms conditioning virulence on Stb6-containing wheat, were found to predominate among modern Z. tritici isolates. A single virulence isoform of AvrStb6 was found to be particularly abundant throughout the global population. These findings indicate that, despite the ability of Z. tritici to sexually reproduce on resistant hosts, AvrStb6 avirulence haplotypes tend to be eliminated in subsequent populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatih Ölmez
- Department of Plant ProtectionSivas Science and Technology UniversitySivasTurkey
| | - Hannah Blyth
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
| | - Megan McDonald
- Division of Plant SciencesResearch School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
- Present address:
Megan McDonald, School of BiosciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Anuradha Bansal
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
- Present address:
British American TobaccoSouthamptonUK
| | - Emine Burcu Turgay
- Department of Plant PathologyPlant Protection Central Research InstituteField Crops Central Research InstituteAnkaraTurkey
| | - Florian Hahn
- Department of Plant SciencesRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
- Present address:
Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | | | - Peter Solomon
- Division of Plant SciencesResearch School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
| | - Andrew Milgate
- NSW Department of Primary IndustriesWagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaAustralia
| | - Bart Fraaije
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
- Present address:
NIABCambridgeUK
| | - Jason Rudd
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
| | - Kostya Kanyuka
- Department of Biointeractions and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
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14
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He X, Azzimonti G, Sánchez-Vidaña MDR, Pereyra SA, Sansaloni C, Hernández-Anguiano AM, Chawade A, Singh PK. Mapping for Adult-Plant Resistance Against Septoria Tritici Blotch in a Common Wheat Line Murga. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:1001-1007. [PMID: 33141648 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-20-0172-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is a major foliar disease globally that is notorious for quickly developing fungicide resistance, making host resistance an indispensable component in mitigating STB. The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) wheat line Murga is well known for its high, durable, and broad-spectrum resistance against STB infection. This study aimed to investigate the resistance mechanism of Murga to facilitate its utilization in breeding. A recombinant inbred line population was derived from a cross between Murga and STB-susceptible line Huirivis#1, comprising 297 progenies. The population was evaluated for adult-plant STB resistance in Toluca, Mexico (from 2017 to 2019), and in La Estanzuela, Uruguay (from 2016 to 2018). Genotyping was performed with the DArTseq platform. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping indicated a major and stable QTL on chromosome 3DL, explaining a phenotypic variation for STB of 41.2 to 62.5% in Mexico and 27.5 to 40.3% in Uruguay. This QTL was regarded as Stb16 based on the comparison of its physical position, the possible origin from synthetic wheat, and its broad-spectrum resistance. Additional QTLs with minor effects were identified on chromosomes 2B, 2D, 3A, 3B, and 5B. The QTL on 5BS was significant in four of the six environments and must be new. Murga was the resistant donor for all QTLs except for those on 2B and 3A. Being an elite breeding line, Stb16 carrier Murga could be used as a promising STB resistance donor. Rational employment of Stb16 could contribute to STB management yet avoid the rapid emergence of Stb16-virulent isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao He
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 06600 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Azzimonti
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela 39173, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - Mariel Del Rosario Sánchez-Vidaña
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 06600 Mexico City, Mexico
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo, 56230 Texcoco, Mexico
| | - Silvia A Pereyra
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela 39173, Colonia, Uruguay
| | - Carolina Sansaloni
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 06600 Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Aakash Chawade
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 23053 Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Pawan K Singh
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 06600 Mexico City, Mexico
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15
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Alemu A, Brazauskas G, Gaikpa DS, Henriksson T, Islamov B, Jørgensen LN, Koppel M, Koppel R, Liatukas Ž, Svensson JT, Chawade A. Genome-Wide Association Analysis and Genomic Prediction for Adult-Plant Resistance to Septoria Tritici Blotch and Powdery Mildew in Winter Wheat. Front Genet 2021; 12:661742. [PMID: 34054924 PMCID: PMC8149967 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.661742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici and powdery mildew (PM) caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp tritici (Bgt) are among the forefront foliar diseases of wheat that lead to a significant loss of grain yield and quality. Resistance breeding aimed at developing varieties with inherent resistance to STB and PM diseases has been the most sustainable and environment-friendly approach. In this study, 175 winter wheat landraces and historical cultivars originated from the Nordic region were evaluated for adult-plant resistance (APR) to STB and PM in Denmark, Estonia, Lithuania, and Sweden. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) and genomic prediction (GP) were performed based on the adult-plant response to STB and PM in field conditions using 7,401 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated by 20K SNP chip. Genotype-by-environment interaction was significant for both disease scores. GWAS detected stable and environment-specific quantitative trait locis (QTLs) on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 1D, 2B, 3B, 4A, 5A, 6A, and 6B for STB and 2A, 2D, 3A, 4B, 5A, 6B, 7A, and 7B for PM adult-plant disease resistance. GP accuracy was improved when assisted with QTL from GWAS as a fixed effect. The GWAS-assisted GP accuracy ranged within 0.53–0.75 and 0.36–0.83 for STB and PM, respectively, across the tested environments. This study highlights that landraces and historical cultivars are a valuable source of APR to STB and PM. Such germplasm could be used to identify and introgress novel resistance genes to modern breeding lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Admas Alemu
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Gintaras Brazauskas
- Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (LAMMC), Kėdainiai, Lithuania
| | - David S Gaikpa
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Mati Koppel
- Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reine Koppel
- Estonian Crop Research Institute, Jõgeva, Estonia
| | - Žilvinas Liatukas
- Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (LAMMC), Kėdainiai, Lithuania
| | | | - Aakash Chawade
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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16
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Saintenac C, Cambon F, Aouini L, Verstappen E, Ghaffary SMT, Poucet T, Marande W, Berges H, Xu S, Jaouannet M, Favery B, Alassimone J, Sánchez-Vallet A, Faris J, Kema G, Robert O, Langin T. A wheat cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase confers broad-spectrum resistance against Septoria tritici blotch. Nat Commun 2021; 12:433. [PMID: 33469010 PMCID: PMC7815785 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The poverty of disease resistance gene reservoirs limits the breeding of crops for durable resistance against evolutionary dynamic pathogens. Zymoseptoria tritici which causes Septoria tritici blotch (STB), represents one of the most genetically diverse and devastating wheat pathogens worldwide. No fully virulent Z. tritici isolates against synthetic wheats carrying the major resistant gene Stb16q have been identified. Here, we use comparative genomics, mutagenesis and complementation to identify Stb16q, which confers broad-spectrum resistance against Z. tritici. The Stb16q gene encodes a plasma membrane cysteine-rich receptor-like kinase that was recently introduced into cultivated wheat and which considerably slows penetration and intercellular growth of the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrille Saintenac
- grid.503180.f0000 0004 0613 5360Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Florence Cambon
- grid.503180.f0000 0004 0613 5360Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lamia Aouini
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Wageningen University and Research (Wageningen Plant Research, Biointeractions and Plant Health), PO Box 16, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands ,grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Present Address: Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Els Verstappen
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Wageningen University and Research (Wageningen Plant Research, Biointeractions and Plant Health), PO Box 16, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Tabib Ghaffary
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Wageningen University and Research (Wageningen Plant Research, Biointeractions and Plant Health), PO Box 16, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands ,Present Address: Seed and Plant Improvement Research Department, Safiabad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Dezful, Iran
| | - Théo Poucet
- grid.503180.f0000 0004 0613 5360Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France ,grid.11480.3c0000000121671098Present Address: Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain ,grid.412041.20000 0001 2106 639XPresent Address: Université de Bordeaux, 146 rue Leo-Saignat, Bordeaux, Cedex 33076 France
| | - William Marande
- grid.507621.7CNRGV (Centre National des Ressources Génomiques Végétales), INRAE, UPR 1258 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Hélène Berges
- grid.507621.7CNRGV (Centre National des Ressources Génomiques Végétales), INRAE, UPR 1258 Castanet-Tolosan, France ,grid.508749.7Present Address: Inari Agriculture, One Kendall Square Building 600/700, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Steven Xu
- grid.463419.d0000 0001 0946 3608United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Crops Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND 58102 USA
| | - Maëlle Jaouannet
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282INRAE, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, ISA, 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Bruno Favery
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282INRAE, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, ISA, 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Julien Alassimone
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Sánchez-Vallet
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780Plant Pathology, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland ,grid.5690.a0000 0001 2151 2978Present Address: Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA). Campus de Montegancedo-UPM, 28223-Pozuelo de Alarcón Madrid, Spain
| | - Justin Faris
- grid.463419.d0000 0001 0946 3608United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Crops Research Unit, Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND 58102 USA
| | - Gert Kema
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Wageningen University and Research (Wageningen Plant Research, Biointeractions and Plant Health), PO Box 16, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Present Address: Wageningen University (Laboratory of Phytopathology), 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Oliver Robert
- Florimond-Desprez, 3 rue Florimond-Desprez, BP 41, 59242 Cappelle-en-Pevele, France
| | - Thierry Langin
- grid.503180.f0000 0004 0613 5360Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, GDEC, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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17
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Benbow HR, Brennan CJ, Zhou B, Christodoulou T, Berry S, Uauy C, Mullins E, Doohan FM. Insights into the resistance of a synthetically-derived wheat to Septoria tritici blotch disease: less is more. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:407. [PMID: 32883202 PMCID: PMC7469286 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02612-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the initial, symptomless (latent) phase of the devastating wheat disease Septoria tritici blotch. However, speculations as to its impact on fungal success and disease severity in the field have suggested that a long latent phase is beneficial to the host and can reduce inoculum build up in the field over a growing season. The winter wheat cultivar Stigg is derived from a synthetic hexaploid wheat and contains introgressions from wild tetraploid wheat Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccoides, which contribute to cv. Stigg's exceptional STB resistance, hallmarked by a long latent phase. We compared the early transcriptomic response to Zymoseptoria tritici of cv. Stigg to a susceptible wheat cultivar, to elucidate the mechanisms of and differences in pathogen recognition and disease response in these two hosts. RESULTS The STB-susceptible cultivar Longbow responds to Z. tritici infection with a stress response, including activation of hormone-responsive transcription factors, post translational modifications, and response to oxidative stress. The activation of key genes associated with these pathways in cv. Longbow was independently observed in a second susceptible wheat cultivar based on an independent gene expression study. By comparison, cv. Stigg is apathetic in response to STB, and appears to fail to activate a range of defence pathways that cv. Longbow employs. Stigg also displays some evidence of sub-genome bias in its response to Z. tritici infection, whereas the susceptible cv. Longbow shows even distribution of Z. tritici responsive genes across the three wheat sub-genomes. CONCLUSIONS We identify a suite of disease response genes that are involved in early pathogen response in susceptible wheat cultivars that may ultimately lead to susceptibility. In comparison, we hypothesise that rather than an active defence response to stave off disease progression, cv. Stigg's defence strategy is molecular lethargy, or a lower-amplitude of pathogen recognition that may stem from cv. Stigg's wild wheat-derived ancestry. Overall, we present insights into cv. Stigg's exceptional resistance to STB, and present key biological processes for further characterisation in this pathosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet R Benbow
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Centre for Plant Science, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Ciarán J Brennan
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Centre for Plant Science, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Binbin Zhou
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Centre for Plant Science, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Thalia Christodoulou
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Centre for Plant Science, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Simon Berry
- Limagrain UK Ltd, Windmill Avenue, Woolpit, Suffolk, IP30 9UP, UK
| | | | - Ewen Mullins
- Teagasc Crops Research, Oak Park, Co. Carlow, Ireland
| | - Fiona M Doohan
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- UCD Earth Institute, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
- UCD Centre for Plant Science, University College Dublin, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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18
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Riaz A, KockAppelgren P, Hehir JG, Kang J, Meade F, Cockram J, Milbourne D, Spink J, Mullins E, Byrne S. Genetic Analysis Using a Multi-Parent Wheat Population Identifies Novel Sources of Septoria Tritici Blotch Resistance. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E887. [PMID: 32759792 PMCID: PMC7465482 DOI: 10.3390/genes11080887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zymoseptoria tritici is the causative fungal pathogen of septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that continuously threatens wheat crops in Ireland and throughout Europe. Under favorable conditions, STB can cause up to 50% yield losses if left untreated. STB is commonly controlled with fungicides; however, a combination of Z. tritici populations developing fungicide resistance and increased restrictions on fungicide use in the EU has led to farmers relying on fewer active substances. Consequently, this serves to drive the emergence of Z. tritici resistance against the remaining chemistries. In response, the use of resistant wheat varieties provides a more sustainable disease management strategy. However, the number of varieties offering an adequate level of resistance against STB is limited. Therefore, new sources of resistance or improved stacking of existing resistance loci are needed to develop varieties with superior agronomic performance. Here, we identified quantitative trait loci (QTL) for STB resistance in the eight-founder "NIAB Elite MAGIC" winter wheat population. The population was screened for STB response in the field under natural infection for three seasons from 2016 to 2018. Twenty-five QTL associated with STB resistance were identified in total. QTL either co-located with previously reported QTL or represent new loci underpinning STB resistance. The genomic regions identified and the linked genetic markers serve as useful resources for STB resistance breeding, supporting rapid selection of favorable alleles for the breeding of new wheat cultivars with improved STB resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Riaz
- Teagasc, Crop Science Department, Oak Park, R93 XE12 Carlow, Ireland; (A.R.); (P.K.); (J.G.H.); (J.K.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (J.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Petra KockAppelgren
- Teagasc, Crop Science Department, Oak Park, R93 XE12 Carlow, Ireland; (A.R.); (P.K.); (J.G.H.); (J.K.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (J.S.); (E.M.)
| | - James Gerard Hehir
- Teagasc, Crop Science Department, Oak Park, R93 XE12 Carlow, Ireland; (A.R.); (P.K.); (J.G.H.); (J.K.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (J.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Jie Kang
- Teagasc, Crop Science Department, Oak Park, R93 XE12 Carlow, Ireland; (A.R.); (P.K.); (J.G.H.); (J.K.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (J.S.); (E.M.)
- AgResearch, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Private Bag, Mosgiel 50034, New Zealand
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Fergus Meade
- Teagasc, Crop Science Department, Oak Park, R93 XE12 Carlow, Ireland; (A.R.); (P.K.); (J.G.H.); (J.K.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (J.S.); (E.M.)
| | - James Cockram
- The John Bingham Laboratory, NIAB, Cambridge CB3 0LE, UK;
| | - Dan Milbourne
- Teagasc, Crop Science Department, Oak Park, R93 XE12 Carlow, Ireland; (A.R.); (P.K.); (J.G.H.); (J.K.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (J.S.); (E.M.)
| | - John Spink
- Teagasc, Crop Science Department, Oak Park, R93 XE12 Carlow, Ireland; (A.R.); (P.K.); (J.G.H.); (J.K.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (J.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Ewen Mullins
- Teagasc, Crop Science Department, Oak Park, R93 XE12 Carlow, Ireland; (A.R.); (P.K.); (J.G.H.); (J.K.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (J.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Stephen Byrne
- Teagasc, Crop Science Department, Oak Park, R93 XE12 Carlow, Ireland; (A.R.); (P.K.); (J.G.H.); (J.K.); (F.M.); (D.M.); (J.S.); (E.M.)
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19
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Odilbekov F, Armoniené R, Koc A, Svensson J, Chawade A. GWAS-Assisted Genomic Prediction to Predict Resistance to Septoria Tritici Blotch in Nordic Winter Wheat at Seedling Stage. Front Genet 2019; 10:1224. [PMID: 31850073 PMCID: PMC6901976 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease caused by Zymoseptoria tritici is one of the most damaging diseases of wheat causing significant yield losses worldwide. Identification and employment of resistant germplasm is the most cost-effective method to control STB. In this study, we characterized seedling stage resistance to STB in 175 winter wheat landraces and old cultivars of Nordic origin. The study revealed significant (p < 0.05) phenotypic differences in STB severity in the germplasm. Genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) using five different algorithms identified ten significant markers on five chromosomes. Six markers were localized within a region of 2 cM that contained seven candidate genes on chromosome 1B. Genomic prediction (GP) analysis resulted in a model with an accuracy of 0.47. To further improve the prediction efficiency, significant markers identified by GWAS were included as fixed effects in the GP model. Depending on the number of fixed effect markers, the prediction accuracy improved from 0.47 (without fixed effects) to 0.62 (all non-redundant GWAS markers as fixed effects), respectively. The resistant genotypes and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers identified in the present study will serve as a valuable resource for future breeding for STB resistance in wheat. The results also highlight the benefits of integrating GWAS with GP to further improve the accuracy of GP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firuz Odilbekov
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Rita Armoniené
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.,Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (LAMMC), Akademija, Lithuania
| | - Alexander Koc
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | | | - Aakash Chawade
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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20
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Shamanin V, Shepelev S, Pozherukova V, Gultyaeva E, Kolomiets T, Pakholkova E, Morgounov A. Primary hexaploid synthetics: Novel sources of wheat disease resistance. CROP PROTECTION (GUILDFORD, SURREY) 2019; 121:7-10. [PMID: 31274944 PMCID: PMC6559260 DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is leading to increased occurrence of and yield losses to wheat diseases. Managing these diseases by introducing new, effective and diverse resistance genes into cultivars represents an important component of sustainable wheat production. In 2016 and 2017 a set of primary hexaploid synthetic wheat was studied under high disease pressure: powdery mildew, leaf and stem rust in Omsk; Septoria tritici and S. nodorum in Moscow. A total of 28 synthetics (19 CIMMYT synthetics and 9 Japanese synthetics) were selected as having combined resistance to at least two diseases in both years of testing. Two synthetics (entries 13 and 18) originating from crosses between winter durum wheat Ukrainka odesskaya-1530.94 and various Aegilopes taushii accessions, and four synthetics (entries 20, 21, 23 and 24) from cross between Canadian durum wheat Langdon and Ae. taushii were resistant to all four pathogens. Pathological and molecular markers evaluation of resistance suggests presence of new genes and diverse types of resistance. The novel genetic sources of disease resistance identified in this study can be successfully utilized in wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elena Gultyaeva
- All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, 196608, Russia
| | - Tamara Kolomiets
- All-Russian Phytopathology Institute, Moscow Reg, 143050, Russia
| | - Elena Pakholkova
- All-Russian Phytopathology Institute, Moscow Reg, 143050, Russia
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21
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Kishii M. An Update of Recent Use of Aegilops Species in Wheat Breeding. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:585. [PMID: 31143197 PMCID: PMC6521781 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Aegilops species have significantly contributed to wheat breeding despite the difficulties involved in the handling of wild species, such as crossability and incompatibility. A number of biotic resistance genes have been identified and incorporated into wheat varieties from Aegilops species, and this genus is also contributing toward improvement of complex traits such as yield and abiotic tolerance for drought and heat. The D genome diploid species of Aegilops tauschii has been utilized most often in wheat breeding programs. Other Aegilops species are more difficult to utilize in the breeding because of lower meiotic recombination frequencies; generally they can be utilized only after extensive and time-consuming procedures in the form of translocation/introgression lines. After the emergence of Ug99 stem rust and wheat blast threats, Aegilops species gathered more attention as a form of new resistance sources. This article aims to update recent progress on Aegilops species, as well as to cover new topics around their use in wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kishii
- Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco, Mexico
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22
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Genetic Dissection of Resistance to the Three Fungal Plant Pathogens Blumeria graminis, Zymoseptoria tritici, and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis Using a Multiparental Winter Wheat Population. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2019; 9:1745-1757. [PMID: 30902891 PMCID: PMC6505172 DOI: 10.1534/g3.119.400068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the world’s most important crop species. The development of new varieties resistant to multiple pathogens is an ongoing task in wheat breeding, especially in times of increasing demand for sustainable agricultural practices. Despite this, little is known about the relations between various fungal disease resistances at the genetic level, and the possible consequences for wheat breeding strategies. As a first step to fill this gap, we analyzed the genetic relations of resistance to the three fungal diseases – powdery mildew (PM), septoria tritici blotch (STB), and tan spot (TS) – using a winter wheat multiparent advanced generation intercross population. Six, seven, and nine QTL for resistance to PM, STB, and TS, respectively, were genetically mapped. Additionally, 15 QTL were identified for the three agro-morphological traits plant height, ear emergence time, and leaf angle distribution. Our results suggest that resistance to STB and TS on chromosome 2B is conferred by the same genetic region. Furthermore, we identified two genetic regions on chromosome 1AS and 7AL, which are associated with all three diseases, but not always in a synchronal manner. Based on our results, we conclude that parallel marker-assisted breeding for resistance to the fungal diseases PM, STB, and TS appears feasible. Knowledge of the genetic co-localization of alleles with contrasting effects for different diseases, such as on chromosome 7AL, allows the trade-offs of selection of these regions to be better understood, and ultimately determined at the genic level.
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23
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Mirzaghaderi G, Mason AS. Broadening the bread wheat D genome. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:1295-1307. [PMID: 30739154 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03299-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Although Ae. tauschii has been extensively utilised for wheat breeding, the D-genome-containing allopolyploids have largely remained unexploited. In this review, we discuss approaches that can be used to exploit the D genomes of the different Aegilops species for the improvement of bread wheat. The D genome of allohexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum, 2n = AABBDD) is the least diverse of the three wheat genomes and is unarguably less diverse than that of diploid progenitor Aegilops tauschii (2n = DD). Useful genetic variation and phenotypic traits also exist within each of the wheat group species containing a copy of the D genome: allopolyploid Aegilops species Ae. cylindrica (2n = DcDcCcCc), Ae. crassa 4x (2n = D1D1XcrXcr), Ae. crassa 6x (2n = D1D1XcrXcrDcrDcr), Ae. ventricosa (2n = DvDvNvNv), Ae. vavilovii (2n = D1D1XcrXcrSvSv) and Ae. juvenalis (2n = D1D1XcrXcrUjUj). Although Ae. tauschii has been extensively utilised for wheat breeding, the D-genome-containing allopolyploids have largely remained unexploited. Some of these D genomes appear to be modified relative to the bread wheat and Ae. tauschii D genomes, and others present in the allopolyploids may also contain useful variation as a result of adaptation to an allopolyploid, multi-genome environment. We summarise the genetic relationships, karyotypic variation and phenotypic traits known to be present in each of the D genome species that could be of relevance for bread wheat improvement and discuss approaches that can be used to exploit the D genomes of the different Aegilops species for the improvement of bread wheat. Better understanding of factors controlling chromosome inheritance and recombination in wheat group interspecific hybrids, as well as effective utilisation of new and developing genetics and genomics technologies, have great potential to improve the agronomic potential of the bread wheat D genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghader Mirzaghaderi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, P. O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Annaliese S Mason
- Department of Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, Giessen, 35392, Germany
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24
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Duba A, Goriewa-Duba K, Wachowska U. A Review of the Interactions between Wheat and Wheat Pathogens: Zymoseptoria tritici, Fusarium spp. and Parastagonospora nodorum. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1138. [PMID: 29642627 PMCID: PMC5979484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Zymoseptoria tritici is a hemibiotrophic pathogen which causes Septoria leaf blotch in wheat. The pathogenesis of the disease consists of a biotrophic phase and a necrotrophic phase. The pathogen infects the host plant by suppressing its immune response in the first stage of infection. Hemibiotrophic pathogens of the genus Fusarium cause Fusarium head blight, and the necrotrophic Parastagonosporanodorum is responsible for Septoria nodorum blotch in wheat. Cell wall-degrading enzymes in plants promote infections by necrotrophic and hemibiotrophic pathogens, and trichothecenes, secondary fungal metabolites, facilitate infections caused by fungi of the genus Fusarium. There are no sources of complete resistance to the above pathogens in wheat. Defense mechanisms in wheat are controlled by many genes encoding resistance traits. In the wheat genome, the characteristic features of loci responsible for resistance to pathogenic infections indicate that at least several dozen genes encode resistance to pathogens. The molecular interactions between wheat and Z. tritici, P. nodorum and Fusarium spp. pathogens have been insufficiently investigated. Most studies focus on the mechanisms by which the hemibiotrophic Z. tritici suppresses immune responses in plants and the role of mycotoxins and effector proteins in infections caused by P. nodorum and Fusarium spp. fungi. Trichothecene glycosylation and effector proteins, which are involved in defense responses in wheat, have been described at the molecular level. Recent advances in molecular biology have produced interesting findings which should be further elucidated in studies of molecular interactions between wheat and fungal pathogens. The Clustered Regularly-Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/ CRISPR associated (CRISPR/Cas) system can be used to introduce targeted mutations into the wheat genome and confer resistance to selected fungal diseases. Host-induced gene silencing and spray-induced gene silencing are also useful tools for analyzing wheat-pathogens interactions which can be used to develop new strategies for controlling fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Duba
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Klaudia Goriewa-Duba
- Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, pl. Łódzki 3, 10-724 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Urszula Wachowska
- Department of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
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25
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Wheat receptor-kinase-like protein Stb6 controls gene-for-gene resistance to fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. Nat Genet 2018; 50:368-374. [PMID: 29434355 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Deployment of fast-evolving disease-resistance genes is one of the most successful strategies used by plants to fend off pathogens1,2. In gene-for-gene relationships, most cloned disease-resistance genes encode intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich-repeat proteins (NLRs) recognizing pathogen-secreted isolate-specific avirulence (Avr) effectors delivered to the host cytoplasm3,4. This process often triggers a localized hypersensitive response, which halts further disease development 5 . Here we report the map-based cloning of the wheat Stb6 gene and demonstrate that it encodes a conserved wall-associated receptor kinase (WAK)-like protein, which detects the presence of a matching apoplastic effector6-8 and confers pathogen resistance without a hypersensitive response 9 . This report demonstrates gene-for-gene disease resistance controlled by this class of proteins in plants. Moreover, Stb6 is, to our knowledge, the first cloned gene specifying resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici, an important foliar fungal pathogen affecting wheat and causing economically damaging septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease10-12.
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26
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Kidane YG, Hailemariam BN, Mengistu DK, Fadda C, Pè ME, Dell'Acqua M. Genome-Wide Association Study of Septoria tritici Blotch Resistance in Ethiopian Durum Wheat Landraces. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1586. [PMID: 28959268 PMCID: PMC5603693 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is a devastating fungal disease affecting durum and bread wheat cultivation worldwide. The identification, development, and employment of resistant wheat genetic material is the key to overcoming costs and limitations of fungicide treatments. The search for resistance sources in untapped genetic material may speed up the deployment of STB genetic resistance in the field. Ethiopian durum wheat landraces represent a valuable source of such diversity. In this study, 318 Ethiopian durum wheat genotypes, for the most part traditional landraces, were phenotyped for resistance to different aspects of STB infection. Phenology, yield and yield component traits were concurrently measured the collection. Here we describe the distribution of STB resistance traits in modern varieties and in landraces, and the relation existing between STB resistance and other agronomic traits. STB resistance sources were found in landraces as well as in modern varieties tested, suggesting the presence of alleles of breeding relevance. The genetic material was genotyped with more than 16 thousand genome-wide polymorphic markers to describe the linkage disequilibrium and genetic structure existing within the panel of genotypes, and a genome-wide association (GWA) study was run to allow the identification of genomic loci involved in STB resistance. High diversity and low genetic structure in the panel allowed high efficiency GWA. The GWA scan detected five major putative QTL for STB resistance, only partially overlapping those already reported in the wheat literature. We report four putative loci for Septoria resistance with no match in previous literature: two highly significant ones on Chr 3A and 5A, and two suggestive ones on Chr 4B and 5B. Markers underlying these QTL explained as much as 10% of the phenotypic variance for disease resistance. We found three cases in which putative QTL for agronomic traits overlapped marker trait association deriving from STB GWA. Our results show that the Ethiopian untapped allelic diversity bears a great value in studying the molecular basis of STB resistance and in breeding for resistance in local and international material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosef G. Kidane
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'AnnaPisa, Italy
- Sirinka Agricultural Research CenterWoldia, Ethiopia
- Bioversity InternationalAddis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Dejene K. Mengistu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'AnnaPisa, Italy
- Department of Dryland Crop and Horticultural Sciences, Mekelle UniversityMekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Carlo Fadda
- Bioversity InternationalAddis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mario Enrico Pè
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'AnnaPisa, Italy
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27
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Zhong Z, Marcel TC, Hartmann FE, Ma X, Plissonneau C, Zala M, Ducasse A, Confais J, Compain J, Lapalu N, Amselem J, McDonald BA, Croll D, Palma-Guerrero J. A small secreted protein in Zymoseptoria tritici is responsible for avirulence on wheat cultivars carrying the Stb6 resistance gene. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 214:619-631. [PMID: 28164301 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Zymoseptoria tritici is the causal agent of Septoria tritici blotch, a major pathogen of wheat globally and the most damaging pathogen of wheat in Europe. A gene-for-gene (GFG) interaction between Z. tritici and wheat cultivars carrying the Stb6 resistance gene has been postulated for many years, but the genes have not been identified. We identified AvrStb6 by combining quantitative trait locus mapping in a cross between two Swiss strains with a genome-wide association study using a natural population of c. 100 strains from France. We functionally validated AvrStb6 using ectopic transformations. AvrStb6 encodes a small, cysteine-rich, secreted protein that produces an avirulence phenotype on wheat cultivars carrying the Stb6 resistance gene. We found 16 nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms among the tested strains, indicating that AvrStb6 is evolving very rapidly. AvrStb6 is located in a highly polymorphic subtelomeric region and is surrounded by transposable elements, which may facilitate its rapid evolution to overcome Stb6 resistance. AvrStb6 is the first avirulence gene to be functionally validated in Z. tritici, contributing to our understanding of avirulence in apoplastic pathogens and the mechanisms underlying GFG interactions between Z. tritici and wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Zhong
- Plant Pathology Group, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thierry C Marcel
- UMR BIOGER, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Fanny E Hartmann
- Plant Pathology Group, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Xin Ma
- Plant Pathology Group, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Clémence Plissonneau
- Plant Pathology Group, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
- UMR BIOGER, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Marcello Zala
- Plant Pathology Group, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie Ducasse
- UMR BIOGER, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Johann Confais
- UMR BIOGER, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Jérôme Compain
- UR URGI, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78026, Versailles, France
| | - Nicolas Lapalu
- UMR BIOGER, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850, Thiverval-Grignon, France
- UR URGI, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78026, Versailles, France
| | - Joëlle Amselem
- UR URGI, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, 78026, Versailles, France
| | - Bruce A McDonald
- Plant Pathology Group, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Croll
- Plant Pathology Group, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, University of Neuchâtel Institute of Biology Rue Emile-Argand 11, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Singh RP, Singh PK, Rutkoski J, Hodson DP, He X, Jørgensen LN, Hovmøller MS, Huerta-Espino J. Disease Impact on Wheat Yield Potential and Prospects of Genetic Control. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2016; 54:303-22. [PMID: 27296137 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-080615-095835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is grown worldwide in diverse geographical regions, environments, and production systems. Although many diseases and pests are known to reduce grain yield potential and quality, the three rusts and powdery mildew fungi have historically caused major crop losses and continue to remain economically important despite the widespread use of host resistance and fungicides. The evolution and fast spread of virulent and more aggressive race lineages of rust fungi have only worsened the situation. Fusarium head blight, leaf spotting diseases, and, more recently, wheat blast (in South America and Bangladesh) have become diseases of major importance in recent years largely because of intensive production systems, the expansion of conservation agriculture, undesirable crop rotations, or increased dependency on fungicides. High genetic diversity for race-specific and quantitative resistance is known for most diseases; their selection through phenotyping reinforced with molecular strategies offers great promise in achieving more durable resistance and enhancing global wheat productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi P Singh
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 06600, Mexico, DF, Mexico;
| | - Pawan K Singh
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 06600, Mexico, DF, Mexico;
| | - Jessica Rutkoski
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 06600, Mexico, DF, Mexico;
- Department of Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | | | - Xinyao He
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), 06600, Mexico, DF, Mexico;
| | - Lise N Jørgensen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, DK-4200, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Mogens S Hovmøller
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, DK-4200, Slagelse, Denmark
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Virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) for functional analysis of wheat genes involved in Zymoseptoria tritici susceptibility and resistance. Fungal Genet Biol 2016; 79:84-8. [PMID: 26092793 PMCID: PMC4510315 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) has emerged as a powerful reverse genetic technology in plants supplementary to stable transgenic RNAi and, in certain species, as a viable alternative approach for gene functional analysis. The RNA virus Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) was developed as a VIGS vector in the early 2000s and since then it has been used to study the function of wheat genes. Several variants of BSMV vectors are available, with some requiring in vitro transcription of infectious viral RNA, while others rely on in planta production of viral RNA from DNA-based vectors delivered to plant cells either by particle bombardment or Agrobacterium tumefaciens. We adapted the latest generation of binary BSMV VIGS vectors for the identification and study of wheat genes of interest involved in interactions with Zymoseptoria tritici and here present detailed and the most up-to-date protocols.
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Brown JKM, Chartrain L, Lasserre-Zuber P, Saintenac C. Genetics of resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici and applications to wheat breeding. Fungal Genet Biol 2016; 79:33-41. [PMID: 26092788 PMCID: PMC4510316 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews current knowledge about genes for resistance to Septoria tritici blotch (STB) of wheat, caused by Zymoseptoria tritici (formerly Mycosphaerella graminicola). These genes can be placed into two classes, although a few may have characteristics of both classes. Qualitative resistance is controlled by genes which control large fractions of genetic variation, 21 of which have been discovered and mapped so far. Most of them have been shown to be genotype-specific, being effective against the minority of Z. tritici isolates which are avirulent, and Stb6 has been shown to control a gene-for-gene relationship. Most qualitative resistances are unlikely to be durable and some formerly effective genes have been overcome by the evolution of pathogen virulence. Quantitative resistance is generally controlled by genes with small-to-moderate effects on STB. They have generally weaker specificity than qualitative genes and have provided more durable resistance. 89 genome regions carrying quantitative trait loci (QTL) or meta-QTL have been identified to date. Some QTL have been mapped at or near loci of qualitative genes, especially Stb6, which is present in several sources of resistance. Another gene of particular interest is Stb16q, which has been effective against all Z. tritici isolates tested so far. In addition to resistance, the susceptibility of wheat cultivars to STB can also be reduced by disease escape traits, some of which may be undesirable in breeding. The fundamental requirements for breeding for STB-resistance are genetic diversity for resistance in wheat germplasm and a field trial site at which STB epidemics occur regularly and effective selection can be conducted for resistance combined with other desirable traits. If these are in place, knowledge of resistance genes can be applied to improving control of STB.
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Affiliation(s)
- James K M Brown
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, England, United Kingdom.
| | - Laëtitia Chartrain
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, England, United Kingdom
| | - Pauline Lasserre-Zuber
- INRA, UMR 1095, Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, F-63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France; UBP, UMR 1095, Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, F-63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cyrille Saintenac
- INRA, UMR 1095, Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, F-63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France; UBP, UMR 1095, Genetics, Diversity and Ecophysiology of Cereals, F-63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Lu P, Liang Y, Li D, Wang Z, Li W, Wang G, Wang Y, Zhou S, Wu Q, Xie J, Zhang D, Chen Y, Li M, Zhang Y, Sun Q, Han C, Liu Z. Fine genetic mapping of spot blotch resistance gene Sb3 in wheat (Triticum aestivum). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2016; 129:577-89. [PMID: 26747045 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-015-2649-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Spot blotch disease resistance gene Sb3 was mapped to a 0.15 centimorgan (cM) genetic interval spanning a 602 kb physical genomic region on chromosome 3BS. Wheat spot blotch disease, caused by B. sorokiniana, is a devastating disease that can cause severe yield losses. Although inoculum levels can be reduced by planting disease-free seed, treatment of plants with fungicides and crop rotation, genetic resistance is likely to be a robust, economical and environmentally friendly tool in the control of spot blotch. The winter wheat line 621-7-1 confers immune resistance against B. sorokiniana. Genetic analysis indicates that the spot blotch resistance of 621-7-1 is controlled by a single dominant gene, provisionally designated Sb3. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) mapping showed that Sb3 is located on chromosome arm 3BS linked with markers Xbarc133 and Xbarc147. Seven and twelve new polymorphic markers were developed from the Chinese Spring 3BS shotgun survey sequence contigs and 3BS reference sequences, respectively. Finally, Sb3 was mapped in a 0.15 cM genetic interval spanning a 602 kb physical genomic region of Chinese Spring chromosome 3BS. The genetic and physical maps of Sb3 provide a framework for map-based cloning and marker-assisted selection (MAS) of the spot blotch resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Delin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhengzhong Wang
- China Rural Technology Development Center, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guoxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shenghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qiuhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jingzhong Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Deyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yongxing Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qixin Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chenggui Han
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology/Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Kettles GJ, Kanyuka K. Dissecting the Molecular Interactions between Wheat and the Fungal Pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:508. [PMID: 27148331 PMCID: PMC4832604 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The Dothideomycete fungus Zymoseptoria tritici (previously known as Mycosphaerella graminicola and Septoria tritici) is the causative agent of Septoria tritici leaf blotch (STB) disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In Europe, STB is the most economically damaging disease of wheat, with an estimated ∼€1 billion per year in fungicide expenditure directed toward its control. Here, an overview of our current understanding of the molecular events that occur during Z. tritici infection of wheat leaves is presented. On the host side, this includes the contribution of (1) the pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) layer of plant defense, and (2) major Stb loci for resistance against Z. tritici. On the pathogen side of the interaction, we consolidate evidence from recent bioinformatic, transcriptomic and proteomic studies that begin to explain the contribution of Z. tritici effector proteins to the biphasic lifestyle of the fungus. This includes the discovery of chitin-binding proteins in the Z. tritici secretome, which contribute to evasion of immune surveillance by this pathogen, and the possible existence of 'necrotrophic' effectors from Z. tritici, which may actively stimulate host recognition in a manner similar to related necrotrophic fungal pathogens. We finish by speculating on how some of these recent fundamental discoveries might be harnessed to help improve resistance to STB in the world's second largest food crop.
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Dreisigacker S, Wang X, Martinez Cisneros BA, Jing R, Singh PK. Adult-plant resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in hexaploid spring wheat. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2015; 128:2317-29. [PMID: 26298303 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-015-2587-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
New QTL for Septoria tritici blotch detected in hexapoid spring wheat under field conditions across diverse environments. Septoria tritici blotch caused by the ascomycete fungus Zymoseptoria tritici presents a serious and consistent challenge to global wheat production. In particular the augmented use of soil management practices that leave large amounts of wheat stubble on the soil surface and global warming increases the chance of Septoria tritici blotch epidemics to emerge more frequently including in developing countries. Two recombinant inbred line populations developed from a cross between the susceptible Moroccan spring bread wheat variety 'NASMA' and the CIMMYT resistant lines, 'IAS20*5/H567.71' and 'RPB709.71/COC' were used to study the genetics and map adult-plant resistance to Septoria tritici blotch under field conditions in different environments. Resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in both populations was quantitative and overall, five across environment consistent resistance loci on chromosomes 1BS, 3AL, 5AL and 7AS were detected in the two populations. The QTL on chromosome 1BS and 7AS are likely to be allelic with the known Septoria tritici blotch genes Stb3 and Stb11. All identified QTL were additive and explained between 4 and 27 % of the phenotypic variation. Epistatic interaction was not observed. Low cost KASP assays were developed as flanking markers for all five QTL that will facilitate molecular breeding. Our study represents the first mapping effort under field conditions utilizing two spring bread wheat resistant sources evaluated over multiple environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Dreisigacker
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600, Mexico, D.F., Mexico.
| | - Xiang Wang
- National Center for Wheat Research, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | | | - Ruilian Jing
- Institute of Crop Sciences and the National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Pawan K Singh
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600, Mexico, D.F., Mexico.
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Torriani SF, Melichar JP, Mills C, Pain N, Sierotzki H, Courbot M. Zymoseptoria tritici: A major threat to wheat production, integrated approaches to control. Fungal Genet Biol 2015; 79:8-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Goodwin SB, Cavaletto JR, Hale IL, Thompson I, Xu SX, Adhikari TB, Dubcovsky J. A New Map Location of Gene Stb3 for Resistance to Septoria Tritici Blotch in Wheat. CROP SCIENCE 2015; 55:35-43. [PMID: 27959972 PMCID: PMC5089079 DOI: 10.2135/cropsci2013.11.0766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola (synonym: Zymoseptoria tritici; asexual stage: Septoria tritici), is an important disease of wheat worldwide. Management of the disease usually is by host resistance or fungicides. However, M. graminicola has developed insensitivity to most commonly applied fungicides so there is a continuing need for well-characterized sources of host resistance to accelerate the development of improved wheat cultivars. Gene Stb3 has been a useful source of major resistance, but its mapping location has not been well characterized. Based on linkage to a single marker, a previous study assigned Stb3 to a location on the short arm of chromosome 6D. However, the results from the present study show that this reported location is incorrect. Instead, linkage analysis revealed that Stb3 is located on the short arm of wheat chromosome 7A, completely linked to microsatellite (SSR) locus Xwmc83 and flanked by loci Xcfa2028 (12.4 cM distal) and Xbarc222 (2.1 cM proximal). Linkage between Stb3 and Xwmc83 was validated in BC1F3 progeny of other crosses, and analyses of the flanking markers with deletion stocks showed that the gene is located on 7AS between fraction lengths 0.73 and 0.83. This revised location of Stb3 is different from those for other STB resistance genes previously mapped in hexaploid wheat but is approximately 20 cM proximal to an STB resistance gene mapped on the short arm of chromosome 7Am in Triticum monococcum. The markers described in this study are useful for accelerating the deployment of Stb3 in wheat breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica R. Cavaletto
- Crop Production and Pest Control Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, 915 West State Street, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054, USA
| | - Iago L. Hale
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - Ian Thompson
- Crop Production and Pest Control Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, 915 West State Street, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054, USA
| | - Steven X. Xu
- USDA–ARS, Northern Crop Science Laboratory, 1307 18th Street North, Fargo, ND 58105-5677, USA
| | - Tika B. Adhikari
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, 306 Walster Hall, Fargo, ND 58105-5012, USA
| | - Jorge Dubcovsky
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8515, USA, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815-6789, USA
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McDonald MC, McDonald BA, Solomon PS. Recent advances in the Zymoseptoria tritici-wheat interaction: insights from pathogenomics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:102. [PMID: 25759705 PMCID: PMC4338680 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We examine the contribution of next generation sequencing (NGS) to our understanding of the interaction between the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici and its wheat host. Recent interspecific whole genome comparisons between Z. tritici and its close relatives provide evidence that Z. tritici has undergone strong adaptive evolution, which is attributed to specialization by Z. tritici on wheat. We also assess the contribution of recent RNA sequencing datasets toward identifying pathogen genes and mechanisms critical for disease. While these studies have yet to report a major effector gene, they illustrate that assembling reads to the reference genome is a robust method to identify fungal transcripts from in planta infections. They also highlight the strong influence that the wheat cultivar has on effector gene expression. Lastly, we suggest future directions for NGS-guided approaches to address largely unanswered questions related to cultivar and lifecycle dependent gene expression and propose that future experiments with Z. tritici be conducted on a single wheat cultivar to enable comparisons across experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C. McDonald
- Plant Sciences Division, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Bruce A. McDonald
- Plant Pathology Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter S. Solomon
- Plant Sciences Division, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- *Correspondence: Peter S. Solomon, Plant Sciences Division, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, 134 Linnaeus Way, Acton, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia e-mail:
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Gurung S, Mamidi S, Bonman JM, Xiong M, Brown-Guedira G, Adhikari TB. Genome-wide association study reveals novel quantitative trait Loci associated with resistance to multiple leaf spot diseases of spring wheat. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108179. [PMID: 25268502 PMCID: PMC4182470 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Accelerated wheat development and deployment of high-yielding, climate resilient, and disease resistant cultivars can contribute to enhanced food security and sustainable intensification. To facilitate gene discovery, we assembled an association mapping panel of 528 spring wheat landraces of diverse geographic origin for a genome-wide association study (GWAS). All accessions were genotyped using an Illumina Infinium 9K wheat single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip and 4781 polymorphic SNPs were used for analysis. To identify loci underlying resistance to the major leaf spot diseases and to better understand the genomic patterns, we quantified population structure, allelic diversity, and linkage disequilibrium. Our results showed 32 loci were significantly associated with resistance to the major leaf spot diseases. Further analysis identified QTL effective against major leaf spot diseases of wheat which appeared to be novel and others that were previously identified by association analysis using Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) and bi-parental mapping. In addition, several identified SNPs co-localized with genes that have been implicated in plant disease resistance. Future work could aim to select the putative novel loci and pyramid them in locally adapted wheat cultivars to develop broad-spectrum resistance to multiple leaf spot diseases of wheat via marker-assisted selection (MAS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Gurung
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Salinas, California, United States of America
| | - Sujan Mamidi
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - J. Michael Bonman
- USDA-ARS, Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research Unit, Aberdeen, Idaho, United States of America
| | - Mai Xiong
- USDA-ARS, Plant Science Research Unit, Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Gina Brown-Guedira
- USDA-ARS, Plant Science Research Unit, Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Tika B. Adhikari
- Center for Integrated Pest Management and Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
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Perez-Nadales E, Nogueira MFA, Baldin C, Castanheira S, El Ghalid M, Grund E, Lengeler K, Marchegiani E, Mehrotra PV, Moretti M, Naik V, Oses-Ruiz M, Oskarsson T, Schäfer K, Wasserstrom L, Brakhage AA, Gow NAR, Kahmann R, Lebrun MH, Perez-Martin J, Di Pietro A, Talbot NJ, Toquin V, Walther A, Wendland J. Fungal model systems and the elucidation of pathogenicity determinants. Fungal Genet Biol 2014; 70:42-67. [PMID: 25011008 PMCID: PMC4161391 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Fungi have the capacity to cause devastating diseases of both plants and animals, causing significant harvest losses that threaten food security and human mycoses with high mortality rates. As a consequence, there is a critical need to promote development of new antifungal drugs, which requires a comprehensive molecular knowledge of fungal pathogenesis. In this review, we critically evaluate current knowledge of seven fungal organisms used as major research models for fungal pathogenesis. These include pathogens of both animals and plants; Ashbya gossypii, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysporum, Magnaporthe oryzae, Ustilago maydis and Zymoseptoria tritici. We present key insights into the virulence mechanisms deployed by each species and a comparative overview of key insights obtained from genomic analysis. We then consider current trends and future challenges associated with the study of fungal pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Perez-Nadales
- Department of Genetics, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Planta 1. Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain.
| | | | - Clara Baldin
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutembergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Sónia Castanheira
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y GenómicaCSIC, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mennat El Ghalid
- Department of Genetics, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Planta 1. Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Grund
- Functional Genomics of Plant Pathogenic Fungi, UMR 5240 CNRS-UCB-INSA-Bayer SAS, Bayer CropScience, 69263 Lyon, France
| | - Klaus Lengeler
- Carlsberg Laboratory, Department of Yeast Genetics, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 10, DK-1799, Copenhagen V, Denmark
| | - Elisabetta Marchegiani
- Evolution and Genomics of Plant Pathogen Interactions, UR 1290 INRA, BIOGER-CPP, Campus AgroParisTech, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Pankaj Vinod Mehrotra
- Aberdeen Fungal Group, School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Marino Moretti
- Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Organismic Interactions, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 10, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Vikram Naik
- Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Organismic Interactions, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 10, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Oses-Ruiz
- School of Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Therese Oskarsson
- Carlsberg Laboratory, Department of Yeast Genetics, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 10, DK-1799, Copenhagen V, Denmark
| | - Katja Schäfer
- Department of Genetics, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Planta 1. Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Lisa Wasserstrom
- Carlsberg Laboratory, Department of Yeast Genetics, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 10, DK-1799, Copenhagen V, Denmark
| | - Axel A Brakhage
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Beutembergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Neil A R Gow
- Aberdeen Fungal Group, School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Regine Kahmann
- Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Organismic Interactions, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 10, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Marc-Henri Lebrun
- Evolution and Genomics of Plant Pathogen Interactions, UR 1290 INRA, BIOGER-CPP, Campus AgroParisTech, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - José Perez-Martin
- Instituto de Biología Funcional y GenómicaCSIC, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Antonio Di Pietro
- Department of Genetics, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Planta 1. Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Nicholas J Talbot
- School of Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Valerie Toquin
- Biochemistry Department, Bayer SAS, Bayer CropScience, CRLD, 69263 Lyon, France
| | - Andrea Walther
- Carlsberg Laboratory, Department of Yeast Genetics, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 10, DK-1799, Copenhagen V, Denmark
| | - Jürgen Wendland
- Carlsberg Laboratory, Department of Yeast Genetics, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 10, DK-1799, Copenhagen V, Denmark
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Mirzadi Gohari A, Mehrabi R, Robert O, Ince IA, Boeren S, Schuster M, Steinberg G, de Wit PJGM, Kema GHJ. Molecular characterization and functional analyses of ZtWor1, a transcriptional regulator of the fungal wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2014; 15:394-405. [PMID: 24341593 PMCID: PMC6638687 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Zymoseptoria tritici causes the major fungal wheat disease septoria tritici blotch, and is increasingly being used as a model for transmission and population genetics, as well as host-pathogen interactions. Here, we study the biological function of ZtWor1, the orthologue of Wor1 in the fungal human pathogen Candida albicans, as a representative of a superfamily of regulatory proteins involved in dimorphic switching. In Z. tritici, this gene is pivotal for pathogenesis, as ZtWor1 mutants were nonpathogenic and complementation restored the wild-type phenotypes. In planta expression analyses showed that ZtWor1 is up-regulated during the initiation of colonization and fructification, and regulates candidate effector genes, including one that was discovered after comparative proteome analysis of the Z. tritici wild-type strain and the ZtWor1 mutant, which was particularly expressed in planta. Cell fusion and anastomosis occur frequently in ZtWor1 mutants, reminiscent of mutants of MgGpb1, the β-subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein. Comparative expression of ZtWor1 in knock-out strains of MgGpb1 and MgTpk2, the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A, suggests that ZtWor1 is downstream of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) pathway that is crucial for pathogenesis in many fungal plant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Mirzadi Gohari
- Plant Science Group, Plant Research International BV, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 06708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Plant Pathology Building, Karaj, Iran
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Gurung S, Mamidi S, Bonman JM, Xiong M, Brown-Guedira G, Adhikari TB. Genome-wide association study reveals novel quantitative trait Loci associated with resistance to multiple leaf spot diseases of spring wheat. PLoS One 2014. [PMID: 25268502 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.108179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Accelerated wheat development and deployment of high-yielding, climate resilient, and disease resistant cultivars can contribute to enhanced food security and sustainable intensification. To facilitate gene discovery, we assembled an association mapping panel of 528 spring wheat landraces of diverse geographic origin for a genome-wide association study (GWAS). All accessions were genotyped using an Illumina Infinium 9K wheat single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip and 4781 polymorphic SNPs were used for analysis. To identify loci underlying resistance to the major leaf spot diseases and to better understand the genomic patterns, we quantified population structure, allelic diversity, and linkage disequilibrium. Our results showed 32 loci were significantly associated with resistance to the major leaf spot diseases. Further analysis identified QTL effective against major leaf spot diseases of wheat which appeared to be novel and others that were previously identified by association analysis using Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) and bi-parental mapping. In addition, several identified SNPs co-localized with genes that have been implicated in plant disease resistance. Future work could aim to select the putative novel loci and pyramid them in locally adapted wheat cultivars to develop broad-spectrum resistance to multiple leaf spot diseases of wheat via marker-assisted selection (MAS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Gurung
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California Davis, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Salinas, California, United States of America
| | - Sujan Mamidi
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States of America
| | - J Michael Bonman
- USDA-ARS, Small Grains and Potato Germplasm Research Unit, Aberdeen, Idaho, United States of America
| | - Mai Xiong
- USDA-ARS, Plant Science Research Unit, Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Gina Brown-Guedira
- USDA-ARS, Plant Science Research Unit, Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Tika B Adhikari
- Center for Integrated Pest Management and Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
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Miedaner T, Zhao Y, Gowda M, Longin CFH, Korzun V, Ebmeyer E, Kazman E, Reif JC. Genetic architecture of resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in European wheat. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:858. [PMID: 24308379 PMCID: PMC4046654 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Septoria tritici blotch is an important leaf disease of European winter wheat. In our survey, we analyzed Septoria tritici blotch resistance in field trials with a large population of 1,055 elite hybrids and their 87 parental lines. Entries were fingerprinted with the 9 k SNP array. The accuracy of prediction of Septoria tritici blotch resistance achieved with different genome-wide mapping approaches was evaluated based on robust cross validation scenarios. Results Septoria tritici blotch disease severities were normally distributed, with genotypic variation being significantly (P < 0.01) larger than zero. The cross validation study revealed an absence of large effect QTL for additive and dominance effects. Application of genomic selection approaches particularly designed to tackle complex agronomic traits allowed to double the accuracy of prediction of Septoria tritici blotch resistance compared to calculation methods suited to detect QTL with large effects. Conclusions Our study revealed that Septoria tritici blotch resistance in European winter wheat is controlled by multiple loci with small effect size. This suggests that the currently achieved level of resistance in this collection is likely to be durable, as involvement of a high number of genes in a resistance trait reduces the risk of the resistance to be overcome by specific pathogen isolates or races. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-14-858) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Miedaner
- Department of Cytogenetics and Genome Analysis, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany.
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Laikova LI, Belan IA, Badaeva ED, Rosseeva LP, Shepelev SS, Shumny VK, Pershina LA. Development and study of spring bread wheat variety Pamyati Maystrenko with introgression of genetic material from synthetic hexaploid Triticum timopheevii Zhuk. × Aegilops tauschii Coss. RUSS J GENET+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795413010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Tabib Ghaffary SM, Robert O, Laurent V, Lonnet P, Margalé E, van der Lee TAJ, Visser RGF, Kema GHJ. Genetic analysis of resistance to septoria tritici blotch in the French winter wheat cultivars Balance and Apache. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2011; 123:741-54. [PMID: 21655994 PMCID: PMC3155673 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-011-1623-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The ascomycete Mycosphaerella graminicola is the causal agent of septoria tritici blotch (STB), one of the most destructive foliar diseases of bread and durum wheat globally, particularly in temperate humid areas. A screening of the French bread wheat cultivars Apache and Balance with 30 M. graminicola isolates revealed a pattern of resistant responses that suggested the presence of new genes for STB resistance. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of a doubled haploid (DH) population with five M. graminicola isolates in the seedling stage identified four QTLs on chromosomes 3AS, 1BS, 6DS and 7DS, and occasionally on 7DL. The QTL on chromosome 6DS flanked by SSR markers Xgpw5176 and Xgpw3087 is a novel QTL that now can be designated as Stb18. The QTLs on chromosomes 3AS and 1BS most likely represent Stb6 and Stb11, respectively, and the QTLs on chromosome 7DS are most probably identical with Stb4 and Stb5. However, the QTL identified on chromosome 7DL is expected to be a new Stb gene that still needs further characterization. Multiple isolates were used and show that not all isolates identify all QTLs, which clearly demonstrates the specificity in the M. graminicola-wheat pathosystem. QTL analyses were performed with various disease parameters. The development of asexual fructifications (pycnidia) in the characteristic necrotic blotches of STB, designated as parameter P, identified the maximum number of QTLs. All other parameters identified fewer but not different QTLs. The segregation of multiple QTLs in the Apache/Balance DH population enabled the identification of DH lines with single QTLs and multiple QTL combinations. Analyses of the marker data of these DH lines clearly demonstrated the positive effect of pyramiding QTLs to broaden resistance spectra as well as epistatic and additive interactions between these QTLs. Phenotyping of the Apache/Balance DH population in the field confirmed the presence of the QTLs that were identified in the seedling stage, but Stb18 was inconsistently expressed and might be particularly effective in young plants. In contrast, an additional QTL for STB resistance was identified on chromosome 2DS that is exclusively and consistently expressed in mature plants over locations and time, but it was also strongly related with earliness, tallness as well as resistance to Fusarium head blight. Although to date no Stb gene has been reported on chromosome 2D, the data provide evidence that this QTL is only indirectly related to STB resistance. This study shows that detailed genetic analysis of contemporary commercial bread wheat cultivars can unveil novel Stb genes that can be readily applied in marker-assisted breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mahmod Tabib Ghaffary
- Plant Research International, Biointeractions and Plant Health, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Graduate School of Experimental Plant Sciences, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Olivier Robert
- Bioplante, 3 Rue Florimond Desprez, BP41, 59242 Cappelle-en-Pévèle, France
| | - Valerie Laurent
- Bioplante, 3 Rue Florimond Desprez, BP41, 59242 Cappelle-en-Pévèle, France
| | - Philippe Lonnet
- Florimond Desprez, 3 Rue Florimond Desprez, BP41, 59242 Cappelle-en-Pévèle, France
| | - Eric Margalé
- Serasem, 60, Rue Léon Beauchamp, 59930 La Chapelle d’Armentières, France
| | - Theo A. J. van der Lee
- Plant Research International, Biointeractions and Plant Health, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard G. F. Visser
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gert H. J. Kema
- Plant Research International, Biointeractions and Plant Health, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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