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Maqbool S, Saeed F, Raza A, Rasheed A, He Z. Association of Root Hair Length and Density with Yield-Related Traits and Expression Patterns of TaRSL4 Underpinning Root Hair Length in Spring Wheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2235. [PMID: 36079617 PMCID: PMC9460385 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs play an important role in absorbing water and nutrients in crop plants. Here we optimized high-throughput root hair length (RHL) and root hair density (RHD) phenotyping in wheat using a portable Dinolite™ microscope. A collection of 24 century wide spring wheat cultivars released between 1911 and 2016 were phenotyped for RHL and RHD. The results revealed significant variations for both traits with five and six-fold variation for RHL and RHD, respectively. RHL ranged from 1.01 mm to 1.77 mm with an average of 1.39 mm, and RHD ranged from 17.08 mm-2 to 20.8 mm-2 with an average of 19.6 mm-2. Agronomic and physiological traits collected from five different environments and their best linear unbiased predictions (BLUPs) were correlated with RHL and RHD, and results revealed that relative-water contents (RWC), biomass and grain per spike (GpS) were positively correlated with RHL in both water-limited and well-watered conditions. While RHD was negatively correlated with grain yield (GY) in four environments and their BLUPs. Both RHL and RHD had positive correlation indicating the possibility of simultaneous selection of both phenotypes during wheat breeding. The expression pattern of TaRSL4 gene involved in regulation of root hair length was determined in all 24 wheat cultivars based on RNA-seq data, which indicated the differentially higher expression of the A- and D- homeologues of the gene in roots, while B-homeologue was consistently expressed in both leaf and roots. The results were validated by qRT-PCR and the expression of TaRSL4 was consistently high in rainfed cultivars such as Chakwal-50, Rawal-87, and Margallah-99. Overall, the new phenotyping method for RHL and RHD along with correlations with morphological and physiological traits in spring wheat cultivars improved our understanding for selection of these phenotypes in wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Maqbool
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Saeed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ali Raza
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Awais Rasheed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) & CIMMYT-China Office, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhonghu He
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) & CIMMYT-China Office, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China
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Genome-Wide Association Studies of Root-Related Traits in Brassica napus L. under Low-Potassium Conditions. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11141826. [PMID: 35890461 PMCID: PMC9318150 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Roots are essential organs for a plant’s ability to absorb water and obtain mineral nutrients, hence they are critical to its development. Plants use root architectural alterations to improve their chances of absorbing nutrients when their supply is low. Nine root traits of a Brassica napus association panel were explored in hydroponic-system studies under low potassium (K) stress to unravel the genetic basis of root growth in rapeseed. The quantitative trait loci (QTL) and candidate genes for root development were discovered using a multilocus genome-wide association study (ML-GWAS). For the nine traits, a total of 453 significant associated single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci were discovered, which were then integrated into 206 QTL clusters. There were 45 pleiotropic clusters, and qRTA04-4 and qRTC04-7 were linked to TRL, TSA, and TRV at the same time, contributing 5.25–11.48% of the phenotypic variance explained (PVE) to the root traits. Additionally, 1360 annotated genes were discovered by examining genomic regions within 100 kb upstream and downstream of lead SNPs within the 45 loci. Thirty-five genes were identified as possibly regulating root-system development. As per protein–protein interaction analyses, homologs of three genes (BnaC08g29120D, BnaA07g10150D, and BnaC04g45700D) have been shown to influence root growth in earlier investigations. The QTL clusters and candidate genes identified in this work will help us better understand the genetics of root growth traits and could be employed in marker-assisted breeding for rapeseed adaptable to various conditions with low K levels.
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de la Fuente Cantó C, Diouf MN, Ndour PMS, Debieu M, Grondin A, Passot S, Champion A, Barrachina C, Pratlong M, Gantet P, Assigbetsé K, Kane N, Cubry P, Diedhiou AG, Heulin T, Achouak W, Vigouroux Y, Cournac L, Laplaze L. Genetic control of rhizosheath formation in pearl millet. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9205. [PMID: 35655088 PMCID: PMC9163325 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13234-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The rhizosheath, the layer of soil that adheres strongly to roots, influences water and nutrients acquisition. Pearl millet is a cereal crop that plays a major role for food security in arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa and India. We previously showed that root-adhering soil mass is a heritable trait in pearl millet and that it correlates with changes in rhizosphere microbiota structure and functions. Here, we studied the correlation between root-adhering soil mass and root hair development, root architecture, and symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and we analysed the genetic control of this trait using genome wide association (GWAS) combined with bulk segregant analysis and gene expression studies. Root-adhering soil mass was weakly correlated only to root hairs traits in pearl millet. Twelve QTLs for rhizosheath formation were identified by GWAS. Bulk segregant analysis on a biparental population validated five of these QTLs. Combining genetics with a comparison of global gene expression in the root tip of contrasted inbred lines revealed candidate genes that might control rhizosheath formation in pearl millet. Our study indicates that rhizosheath formation is under complex genetic control in pearl millet and suggests that it is mainly regulated by root exudation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M N Diouf
- Eco&Sols, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire Mixte International Intensification Écologique Des Sols Cultivés en Afrique de L'Ouest (IESOL), Dakar, Senegal.,Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté Des Sciences Et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - P M S Ndour
- Eco&Sols, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire Mixte International Intensification Écologique Des Sols Cultivés en Afrique de L'Ouest (IESOL), Dakar, Senegal
| | - M Debieu
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - A Grondin
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation Des Plantes Et Microorganismes Associés Aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Centre de recherche de Bel-Air, Dakar, Senegal.,CERAAS, Thiès, Senegal
| | - S Passot
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - A Champion
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | | | - M Pratlong
- Montpellier GenomiX, Montpellier, France
| | - P Gantet
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - K Assigbetsé
- Eco&Sols, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire Mixte International Intensification Écologique Des Sols Cultivés en Afrique de L'Ouest (IESOL), Dakar, Senegal
| | - N Kane
- Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation Des Plantes Et Microorganismes Associés Aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Centre de recherche de Bel-Air, Dakar, Senegal
| | - P Cubry
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - A G Diedhiou
- Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation Des Plantes Et Microorganismes Associés Aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Centre de recherche de Bel-Air, Dakar, Senegal.,Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté Des Sciences Et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - T Heulin
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, LEMiRE, Laboratory of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere, ECCOREV FR 3098, 13108, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - W Achouak
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, LEMiRE, Laboratory of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere, ECCOREV FR 3098, 13108, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Y Vigouroux
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - L Cournac
- Eco&Sols, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - L Laplaze
- DIADE, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France. .,Laboratoire Mixte International Adaptation Des Plantes Et Microorganismes Associés Aux Stress Environnementaux (LAPSE), Centre de recherche de Bel-Air, Dakar, Senegal.
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Kohli PS, Maurya K, Thakur JK, Bhosale R, Giri J. Significance of root hairs in developing stress-resilient plants for sustainable crop production. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:677-694. [PMID: 34854103 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs represent a beneficial agronomic trait to potentially reduce fertilizer and irrigation inputs. Over the past decades, research in the plant model Arabidopsis thaliana has provided insights into root hair development, the underlying genetic framework and the integration of environmental cues within this framework. Recent years have seen a paradigm shift, where studies are now highlighting conservation and diversification of root hair developmental programs in other plant species and the agronomic relevance of root hairs in a wider ecological context. In this review, we specifically discuss the molecular evolution of the RSL (RHD Six-Like) pathway that controls root hair development and growth in land plants. We also discuss how root hairs contribute to plant performance as an active physiological rooting structure by performing resource acquisition, providing anchorage and constructing the rhizosphere with desirable physical, chemical and biological properties. Finally, we outline future research directions that can help achieve the potential of root hairs in developing sustainable agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kanika Maurya
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Jitendra K Thakur
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
- International Centre of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Bhosale
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence and School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jitender Giri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
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5
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Li K, Wang J, Kuang L, Tian Z, Wang X, Dun X, Tu J, Wang H. Genome-wide association study and transcriptome analysis reveal key genes affecting root growth dynamics in rapeseed. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:178. [PMID: 34507599 PMCID: PMC8431925 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In terms of global demand, rapeseed is the third-largest oilseed crop after soybeans and palm, which produces vegetable oil for human consumption and biofuel for industrial production. Roots are vital organs for plant to absorb water and attain mineral nutrients, thus they are of great importance to plant productivity. However, the genetic mechanisms regulating root development in rapeseed remain unclear. In the present study, seven root-related traits and shoot biomass traits in 280 Brassica napus accessions at five continuous vegetative stages were measured to establish the genetic basis of root growth in rapeseed. RESULTS The persistent and stage-specific genetic mechanisms were revealed by root dynamic analysis. Sixteen persistent and 32 stage-specific quantitative trait loci (QTL) clusters were identified through genome-wide association study (GWAS). Root samples with contrasting (slow and fast) growth rates throughout the investigated stages and those with obvious stage-specific changes in growth rates were subjected to transcriptome analysis. A total of 367 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with persistent differential expressions throughout root development were identified, and these DEGs were significantly enriched in GO terms, such as energy metabolism and response to biotic or abiotic stress. Totally, 485 stage-specific DEGs with different expressions at specific stage were identified, and these DEGs were enriched in GO terms, such as nitrogen metabolism. Four candidate genes were identified as key persistent genetic factors and eight as stage-specific ones by integrating GWAS, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and differential expression analysis. These candidate genes were speculated to regulate root system development, and they were less than 100 kb away from peak SNPs of QTL clusters. The homologs of three genes (BnaA03g52990D, BnaA06g37280D, and BnaA09g07580D) out of 12 candidate genes have been reported to regulate root development in previous studies. CONCLUSIONS Sixteen QTL clusters and four candidate genes controlling persistently root development, and 32 QTL clusters and eight candidate genes stage-specifically regulating root growth in rapeseed were detected in this study. Our results provide new insights into the temporal genetic mechanisms of root growth by identifying key candidate QTL/genes in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqi Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062 China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Jie Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Lieqiong Kuang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Ze Tian
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Xinfa Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Xiaoling Dun
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430062 China
| | - Hanzhong Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062 China
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6
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Yang M, Wang C, Hassan MA, Li F, Xia X, Shi S, Xiao Y, He Z. QTL mapping of root traits in wheat under different phosphorus levels using hydroponic culture. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:174. [PMID: 33706703 PMCID: PMC7953759 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phosphorus (P) is an important in ensuring plant morphogenesis and grain quality, therefore an efficient root system is crucial for P-uptake. Identification of useful loci for root morphological and P uptake related traits at seedling stage is important for wheat breeding. The aims of this study were to evaluate phenotypic diversity of Yangmai 16/Zhongmai 895 derived doubled haploid (DH) population for root system architecture (RSA) and biomass related traits (BRT) in different P treatments at seedling stage using hydroponic culture, and to identify QTL using 660 K SNP array based high-density genetic map. Results All traits showed significant variations among the DH lines with high heritabilities (0.76 to 0.91) and high correlations (r = 0.59 to 0.98) among all traits. Inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) identified 34 QTL with 4.64–20.41% of the phenotypic variances individually, and the log of odds (LOD) values ranging from 2.59 to 10.43. Seven QTL clusters (C1 to C7) were mapped on chromosomes 3DL, 4BS, 4DS, 6BL, 7AS, 7AL and 7BL, cluster C5 on chromosome 7AS (AX-109955164 - AX-109445593) with pleiotropic effect played key role in modulating root length (RL), root tips number (RTN) and root surface area (ROSA) under low P condition, with the favorable allele from Zhongmai 895. Conclusions This study carried out an imaging pipeline-based rapid phenotyping of RSA and BRT traits in hydroponic culture. It is an efficient approach for screening of large populations under different nutrient conditions. Four QTL on chromosomes 6BL (2) and 7AL (2) identified in low P treatment showed positive additive effects contributed by Zhongmai 895, indicating that Zhongmai 895 could be used as parent for P-deficient breeding. The most stable QTL QRRS.caas-4DS for ratio of root to shoot dry weight (RRS) harbored the stable genetic region with high phenotypic effect, and QTL clusters on 7A might be used for speedy selection of genotypes for P-uptake. SNPs closely linked to QTLs and clusters could be used to improve nutrient-use efficiency. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07425-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Yang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Cairong Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China.,Agricultural Research Institute of Yili, Yili, 835000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Muhammad Adeel Hassan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Faji Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xianchun Xia
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shubing Shi
- College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yonggui Xiao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Zhonghu He
- Institute of Crop Sciences, National Wheat Improvement Centre, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China.,International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) China Office, c/o CAAS, Beijing, 100081, China
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7
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Rongsawat T, Peltier JB, Boyer JC, Véry AA, Sentenac H. Looking for Root Hairs to Overcome Poor Soils. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:83-94. [PMID: 32980260 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Breeding new cultivars allowing reduced fertilization and irrigation is a major challenge. International efforts towards this goal focus on noninvasive methodologies, platforms for high-throughput phenotyping of large plant populations, and quantitative description of root traits as predictors of crop performance in environments with limited water and nutrient availability. However, these high-throughput analyses ignore one crucial component of the root system: root hairs (RHs). Here, we review current knowledge on RH functions, mainly in the context of plant hydromineral nutrition, and take stock of quantitative genetics data pointing at correlations between RH traits and plant biomass production and yield components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanyakorn Rongsawat
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier 34060, France
| | - Jean-Benoît Peltier
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier 34060, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Boyer
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier 34060, France
| | - Anne-Aliénor Véry
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier 34060, France
| | - Hervé Sentenac
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier 34060, France.
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8
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Long L, Ma X, Ye L, Zeng J, Chen G, Zhang G. Root plasticity and Pi recycling within plants contribute to low-P tolerance in Tibetan wild barley. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:341. [PMID: 31382871 PMCID: PMC6683381 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1949-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barley is a low phosphorus (P) demand cereal crop. Tibetan wild barley, as a progenitor of cultivated barley, has revealed outstanding ability of tolerance to low-P stress. However, the underlying mechanisms of low-P adaption and the relevant genetic controlling are still unclear. RESULTS We identified low-P tolerant barley lines in a doubled-haploid (DH) population derived from an elite Tibetan wild barley accession and a high-yield cultivar. The tolerant lines revealed greater root plasticity in the terms of lateral root length, compared to low-P sensitive lines, in response to low-P stress. By integrating the QTLs associated with root length and root transcriptomic profiling, candidate genes encoding isoflavone reductase, nitrate reductase, nitrate transporter and transcriptional factor MYB were identified. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved the growth of lateral root, Pi transport within cells as well as from roots to shoots contributed to the differences between low-P tolerant line L138 and low-P sensitive lines L73 in their ability of P acquisition and utilization. CONCLUSIONS The plasticity of root system is an important trait for barley to tolerate low-P stress. The low-P tolerance in the elite DH line derived from a cross of Tibetan wild barley and cultivated barley is characterized by enhanced growth of lateral root and Pi recycling within plants under low-P stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Long
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Xinyi Ma
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Lingzhen Ye
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Jianbin Zeng
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058 China
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9
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Bernardino KC, Pastina MM, Menezes CB, de Sousa SM, Maciel LS, Jr GC, Guimarães CT, Barros BA, da Costa e Silva L, Carneiro PCS, Schaffert RE, Kochian LV, Magalhaes JV. The genetic architecture of phosphorus efficiency in sorghum involves pleiotropic QTL for root morphology and grain yield under low phosphorus availability in the soil. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:87. [PMID: 30819116 PMCID: PMC6394046 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1689-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P) fixation on aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) oxides in soil clays restricts P availability for crops cultivated on highly weathered tropical soils, which are common in developing countries. Hence, P deficiency becomes a major obstacle for global food security. We used multi-trait quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping to study the genetic architecture of P efficiency and to explore the importance of root traits on sorghum grain yield on a tropical low-P soil. RESULTS P acquisition efficiency was the most important component of P efficiency, and both traits were highly correlated with grain yield under low P availability. Root surface area was positively associated with grain yield. The guinea parent, SC283, contributed 58% of all favorable alleles detected by single-trait mapping. Multi-trait mapping detected 14 grain yield and/or root morphology QTLs. Tightly linked or pleiotropic QTL underlying the surface area of fine roots (1-2 mm in diameter) and grain yield were detected at positions 1-7 megabase pairs (Mb) and 71 Mb on chromosome 3, respectively, and a root diameter/grain yield QTL was detected at 7 Mb on chromosome 7. All these QTLs were near sorghum homologs of the rice serine/threonine kinase, OsPSTOL1. The SbPSTOL1 genes on chromosome 3, Sb03g006765 at 7 Mb and Sb03g031690 at 60 Mb were more highly expressed in SC283, which donated the favorable alleles at all QTLs found nearby SbPSTOL1 genes. The Al tolerance gene, SbMATE, may also influence a grain yield QTL on chromosome 3. Another PSTOL1-like gene, Sb07g02840, appears to enhance grain yield via small increases in root diameter. Co-localization analyses suggested a role for other genes, such as a sorghum homolog of the Arabidopsis ubiquitin-conjugating E2 enzyme, phosphate 2 (PHO2), on grain yield advantage conferred by the elite parent, BR007 allele. CONCLUSIONS Genetic determinants conferring higher root surface area and slight increases in fine root diameter may favor P uptake, thereby enhancing grain yield under low-P availability in the soil. Molecular markers for SbPSTOL1 genes and for QTL increasing grain yield by non-root morphology-based mechanisms hold promise in breeding strategies aimed at developing sorghum cultivars adapted to low-P soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine C. Bernardino
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Rodovia MG 424, km 65, Caixa Postal 151, Sete Lagoas, MG 35701-970 Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa, MG 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Maria Marta Pastina
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Rodovia MG 424, km 65, Caixa Postal 151, Sete Lagoas, MG 35701-970 Brazil
| | - Cícero B. Menezes
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Rodovia MG 424, km 65, Caixa Postal 151, Sete Lagoas, MG 35701-970 Brazil
| | - Sylvia M. de Sousa
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Rodovia MG 424, km 65, Caixa Postal 151, Sete Lagoas, MG 35701-970 Brazil
| | - Laiane S. Maciel
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Rodovia MG 424, km 65, Caixa Postal 151, Sete Lagoas, MG 35701-970 Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901 Brazil
| | - Geraldo Carvalho Jr
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Rodovia MG 424, km 65, Caixa Postal 151, Sete Lagoas, MG 35701-970 Brazil
- Present Address: Helix Sementes, Rua Arnaldo Luiz de Oliveira, 75, Setor D, Bela Vista, Patos de Minas, MG 38703-240 Brazil
| | - Claudia T. Guimarães
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Rodovia MG 424, km 65, Caixa Postal 151, Sete Lagoas, MG 35701-970 Brazil
| | - Beatriz A. Barros
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Rodovia MG 424, km 65, Caixa Postal 151, Sete Lagoas, MG 35701-970 Brazil
| | - Luciano da Costa e Silva
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Rodovia MG 424, km 65, Caixa Postal 151, Sete Lagoas, MG 35701-970 Brazil
| | - Pedro C. S. Carneiro
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa, MG 36570-900 Brazil
| | - Robert E. Schaffert
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Rodovia MG 424, km 65, Caixa Postal 151, Sete Lagoas, MG 35701-970 Brazil
| | - Leon V. Kochian
- Global Institute for Food Security, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4J8 Canada
| | - Jurandir V. Magalhaes
- Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Rodovia MG 424, km 65, Caixa Postal 151, Sete Lagoas, MG 35701-970 Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901 Brazil
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10
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Guo J, Chen G, Zhang X, Li T, Yu H, Liu C. Quantitative trait locus analysis of adventitious and lateral root morphology of barley grown at low and high P. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2018; 45:957-967. [PMID: 32291059 DOI: 10.1071/fp17271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L) may alter its root morphology to improve P acquisition efficiency under low-P (LP) stress. This research studied the variations in adventitious and lateral root morphological traits of barley and mapped their quantitative trait loci (QTLs) under LP and high P (HP). The recombinant inbred lines were derived from the F1 population of a cross between CN4027 and Baudin. Two experiments aimed to identify QTLs related to adventitious and lateral root morphological traits under LP and HP. The length, surface area and volume of adventitious and lateral roots were measured. Under HP, Baudin had larger root morphology, especially lateral root morphology, than CN4027. LP stress induced lateral root growth but inhibited adventitious root growth. Nineteen QTLs for root morphological traits were detected. These QTLs clustered within four regions (Cl-2H, Cl-3H, Cl-4H and Cl-7H) on chromosomes 2H, 3H, 4H and 7H, with corresponding contributions of 12.0-42.9%. Some QTLs are linked with the QTLs for P efficiency detected previously, demonstrating the role of root morphological traits in P efficiency. The Cl-2H region was identified in the interval bPb3927665-bPb3265744 on chromosome 2H and had major effects on lateral root growth, especially under LP. Lateral root length and surface area increased when alleles from Baudin were present at the QTLs in Cl-2H. This study demonstrated the patterns of growth among root types and the role of lateral roots in barley's adaption to LP stress. The QTL clusters, especially Cl-2H, may offer clues for fine mapping and map-based cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Guo
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guangdeng Chen
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xizhou Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tingxuan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haiying Yu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chunji Liu
- CSIRO Agriculture, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia
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11
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Zhang C, Simpson RJ, Kim CM, Warthmann N, Delhaize E, Dolan L, Byrne ME, Wu Y, Ryan PR. Do longer root hairs improve phosphorus uptake? Testing the hypothesis with transgenic Brachypodium distachyon lines overexpressing endogenous RSL genes. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 217:1654-1666. [PMID: 29341123 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Mutants without root hairs show reduced inorganic orthophosphate (Pi) uptake and compromised growth on soils when Pi availability is restricted. What is less clear is whether root hairs that are longer than wild-type provide an additional benefit to phosphorus (P) nutrition. This was tested using transgenic Brachypodium lines with longer root hairs. The lines were transformed with the endogenous BdRSL2 and BdRSL3 genes using either a constitutive promoter or a root hair-specific promoter. Plants were grown for 32 d in soil amended with various Pi concentrations. Plant biomass and P uptake were measured and genotypes were compared on the basis of critical Pi values and P uptake per unit root length. Ectopic expression of RSL2 and RSL3 increased root hair length three-fold but decreased plant biomass. Constitutive expression of BdRSL2, but not expression of BdRSL3, consistently improved P nutrition as measured by lowering the critical Pi values and increasing Pi uptake per unit root length. Increasing root hair length through breeding or biotechnology can improve P uptake efficiency if the pleotropic effects on plant biomass are avoided. Long root hairs, alone, appear to be insufficient to improve Pi uptake and need to be combined with other traits to benefit P nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Richard J Simpson
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Chul Min Kim
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Norman Warthmann
- College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Delhaize
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Liam Dolan
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Mary E Byrne
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Yu Wu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Peter R Ryan
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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