1
|
Keyes K, Hamilton A, Finsaas M, Kreski N. Childhood internalizing, externalizing and attention symptoms predict changes in social and nonsocial screen time. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:2279-2290. [PMID: 38684513 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-024-02669-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While accumulating research has tested the hypothesis that screen time causes psychiatric symptoms in children, less attention has been paid to the hypothesis that children with psychiatric symptoms change their patterns of screen time and digital media use. We aimed to test whether children with psychiatric symptoms subsequently change their patterns of screen time and digital media use. METHODS N = 9,066 children primarily aged 9-10 in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study at baseline and 1-year later. Psychiatric symptoms included internalizing, attention, and externalizing symptoms. Screen time was measured as ordinally defined weekday and weekend time on social and nonsocial [e.g., YouTube] digital media). Models assessed psychiatric symptoms as predictors of screen time, and screen time as predictors of psychiatric symptoms, controlled for baseline measures of each, sex, age, race/ethnicity, and income. RESULTS Children with psychiatric symptoms spent more time on non-social media one year later compared with peers. Considering total psychiatric problems, clinical levels of problems predicted higher levels of weekday (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.22-1.23) and weekend (OR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.09-1.11) nonsocial screen time. For nearly all analyses of psychiatric symptoms predicting screen time, associations were highest for a non-social screen time outcome rather than a social screen time outcome (Highest OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.63-1.67, clinical rule breaking predicting weekday nonsocial screen time). Comparable magnitude associations were observed for social and nonsocial media use predicting future psychiatric symptoms, suggesting bidirectionality. CONCLUSION Children with psychiatric symptoms have different subsequent media use patterns, including higher rates of subsequent nonsocial engagement. Ensuring that ongoing data collection and analysis efforts attend to temporality and transitions in the relation between media use and psychiatric symptoms will accelerate progress in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Keyes
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, 722 West 168th St., Room 724, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Ava Hamilton
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, 722 West 168th St., Room 724, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Megan Finsaas
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, 722 West 168th St., Room 724, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Noah Kreski
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, 722 West 168th St., Room 724, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gingras MP, Brendgen M, Beauchamp MH, Séguin JR, Tremblay RE, Côté SM, Herba CM. Adolescents and Social Media: Longitudinal Links Between Motivations for Using Social Media and Subsequent Internalizing Symptoms. J Youth Adolesc 2024:10.1007/s10964-024-02097-1. [PMID: 39384664 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-02097-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Knowledge is lacking on whether adolescents' motivations for social media use predict internalizing symptoms, and few studies have considered the moderating role of extraversion. In 2017 (T1) and 2018 (T2), 197 adolescents (49.70% girls, Mage = 13.15, SD = 0.36) from a large metropolitan area participated in this study. Adolescents reported on their social media use motivations and extraversion (at T1) and depressive and anxiety symptoms (T1 and T2). Latent class analysis revealed four motivation profiles at T1: (1) entertainment and fun (30.97%); (2) avoidance and escapism (14.21%); (3) meeting new people, feel involved (16.75%); (4) boredom (38.07%). Social motivations (profile 3) predicted elevated internalizing symptoms at T2. Avoidance and boredom motivations (profile 2 and 4) predicted internalizing symptoms for adolescents with low extraversion. Social media use motivations and extraversion distinguish adolescents who benefit from social media from those who experience difficulties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pier Gingras
- Université du Québec à Montréal (Department of Psychology), Montréal, QC, Canada
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mara Brendgen
- Université du Québec à Montréal (Department of Psychology), Montréal, QC, Canada
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Miriam H Beauchamp
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean R Séguin
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal (Department of Psychiatry and Addictology), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvana M Côté
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Catherine M Herba
- Université du Québec à Montréal (Department of Psychology), Montréal, QC, Canada.
- CHU Sainte-Justine Azrieli Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Université de Montréal (Department of Psychiatry and Addictology), Montréal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Slade T, Chapman C, Halladay J, Sunderland M, Smout A, Champion KE, Newton NC, Teesson M. Diverging trends in alcohol use and mental health in Australian adolescents: A cross-cohort comparison of trends in co-occurrence. JCPP ADVANCES 2024; 4:e12241. [PMID: 39411474 PMCID: PMC11472813 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, psychological distress in Western countries has rapidly increased among older adolescents while alcohol use has declined, though little is known about younger adolescents. It is also unclear if and how these trends relate to co-occurring alcohol use and distress. This study sought to examine temporal changes in the prevalence of distress, alcohol use, and their co-occurrence among young Australians. Methods This study used data from 13,388 youth in their early teens (aged 12-14). Differences in the prevalence of high psychological distress (Kessler-6 ≥ 13), any alcohol use (standard drink in past 3/6 months), and their co-occurrence across cohorts (2007, 2012, 2014, 2019) were tested through log-binomial regression models. Changes in co-occurrence across cohorts were tested with cohort-by-alcohol interactions predicting distress, and vice-versa. Differential trends by sex were evaluated. Results From 2007 to 2019, the prevalence of high distress more than doubled (4.6%-13.5%) while alcohol use decreased by ∼90% (11.8%-3.1%). Distress increased more-so among females, while alcohol use decreased more-so among males. The prevalence of high distress was significantly greater among adolescents who used alcohol compared to those who had not (>2 times higher), with this co-occurrence remaining consistent across cohorts. Conclusions Psychological distress appears to be increasing similarly among youth in their early teens who do and do not use alcohol. At the same time, alcohol use is decreasing similarly among youth with and without distress. While alcohol use does not appear to be a driver of increases in distress, rates of co-occurring alcohol use and distress remain high. Addressing co-occurrence and distress-specific mechanisms remain necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Slade
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance UseThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Cath Chapman
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance UseThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Jillian Halladay
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance UseThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Matthew Sunderland
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance UseThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Anna Smout
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance UseThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental HealthMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Katrina E. Champion
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance UseThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Nicola C. Newton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance UseThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Maree Teesson
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance UseThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rausch J, Bickman L, Geldermann N, Oswald F, Gehlen D, Görtz-Dorten A, Döpfner M, Hautmann C. A semi-structured interview for the dimensional assessment of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in children and adolescents: Interview Version of the Symptoms and Functioning Severity Scale (SFSS-I). Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2024; 18:106. [PMID: 39182121 PMCID: PMC11344912 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-024-00788-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluates the psychometric properties of the newly developed semi-structured interview, Interview Version of the Symptoms and Functioning Severity Scale (SFSS-I), which is designed to provide a dimensional assessment of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. METHODS Multi-informant baseline data from the OPTIE study was used, involving 358 children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years (M = 11.54, SD = 3.4, n = 140 [39.1%] were female). Participants were screened for internalizing and externalizing symptoms. For validity analyses, caregiver (Child Behavior Checklist), youth (Youth Self Report), and teacher ratings (Teacher Report Form) were used. We performed Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses to evaluate the effectiveness of the SFSS-I subscales in distinguishing between children and adolescents diagnosed with internalizing and externalizing disorders, as determined by clinical judgement in routine care. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analyses supported a correlated two-factor model for internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Acceptable to good internal consistencies (α = 0.76 to 0.89; ω = 0.76 to 0.90) and excellent interrater reliability on the scale level (ICC ≥ 0.91) was found. The ROC analyses showed an acceptable accuracy in identifying internalizing diagnoses (AUC = 0.76) and excellent accuracy for externalizing diagnoses (AUC = 0.84). CONCLUSION The SFSS-I demonstrates potential as a clinically-rated instrument for screening and routine outcome monitoring, offering utility in both clinical practice and research settings for the dimensional assessment of broad psychopathological dimensions. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) DRKS00016737 ( https://www.drks.de/DRKS00016737 ). Registered 17 September, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Rausch
- School for Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy (AKiP), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Leonard Bickman
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- Ontrak Health, Inc., Henderson, NV, USA
| | - Nina Geldermann
- School for Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy (AKiP), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Felix Oswald
- School for Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy (AKiP), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Danny Gehlen
- School for Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy (AKiP), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja Görtz-Dorten
- School for Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy (AKiP), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manfred Döpfner
- School for Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy (AKiP), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christopher Hautmann
- School for Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy (AKiP), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Armoon B, Ghadipasha A, Mohammadi R, Lesage A, Harooni J, Griffiths MD. The global prevalence of mental health disorders among runaway and homeless youth: A meta-analysis. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02519-2. [PMID: 38995408 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02519-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
A meta-analysis was performed to identify the pooled prevalence of mental health disorders (MHDs) among runaway and homeless youth (RHY). Relevant studies published between December 1, 1985, and October 1, 2023, were identified in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. A preliminary screening of 11,266 papers resulted in the inclusion of 101 studies. The pooled-prevalence estimates were obtained using a random-effects model. The findings showed varying lifetime prevalence rates of MHDs: 47% (conduct disorders and psychological distress), 43% (depression), 34% (major depressive disorders), 33% (post-traumatic stress disorder), 27% (personality disorders), 25% (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder), 23% (bipolar disorders), 22% (anxiety), 21% (oppositional defiant disorders), 15% (anorexia), 15% (adjustment disorders), 14% (dysthymia), 11% (schizophrenia), 9% (obsessive-compulsive disorders), and 8% (gambling disorder). The current prevalence rates were: 31% (depression), 23% (major depressive disorder), 23% (anxiety), 21% (post-traumatic stress disorder), 16% (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder), 15% (bipolar disorder), 13% (personality disorders), 13% (oppositional defiant disorders), 8% (schizophrenia), and 6% (obsessive-compulsive disorders). Regular screening and the implementation of evidence-based treatments and the promotion of integration and coordination between mental health services for adolescent minors and young adults with other service systems are recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Armoon
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Amir Ghadipasha
- Firoozabadi Hospital, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasool Mohammadi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Alain Lesage
- Centre de Recherche de L'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Javad Harooni
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kalisch R, Russo SJ, Müller MB. Neurobiology and systems biology of stress resilience. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:1205-1263. [PMID: 38483288 PMCID: PMC11381009 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00042.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress resilience is the phenomenon that some people maintain their mental health despite exposure to adversity or show only temporary impairments followed by quick recovery. Resilience research attempts to unravel the factors and mechanisms that make resilience possible and to harness its insights for the development of preventative interventions in individuals at risk for acquiring stress-related dysfunctions. Biological resilience research has been lagging behind the psychological and social sciences but has seen a massive surge in recent years. At the same time, progress in this field has been hampered by methodological challenges related to finding suitable operationalizations and study designs, replicating findings, and modeling resilience in animals. We embed a review of behavioral, neuroimaging, neurobiological, and systems biological findings in adults in a critical methods discussion. We find preliminary evidence that hippocampus-based pattern separation and prefrontal-based cognitive control functions protect against the development of pathological fears in the aftermath of singular, event-type stressors [as found in fear-related disorders, including simpler forms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)] by facilitating the perception of safety. Reward system-based pursuit and savoring of positive reinforcers appear to protect against the development of more generalized dysfunctions of the anxious-depressive spectrum resulting from more severe or longer-lasting stressors (as in depression, generalized or comorbid anxiety, or severe PTSD). Links between preserved functioning of these neural systems under stress and neuroplasticity, immunoregulation, gut microbiome composition, and integrity of the gut barrier and the blood-brain barrier are beginning to emerge. On this basis, avenues for biological interventions are pointed out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raffael Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC), Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Scott J Russo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Marianne B Müller
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pei F. The effects of two types of neighborhood factors on trajectory of internalizing and externalizing symptoms from early childhood to adolescence. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305632. [PMID: 38917156 PMCID: PMC11198850 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Although a robust body of previous empirical studies investigated the long-term trend of child behavior problems, limited research discussed the influences of various types of neighborhood factors on such trajectory (e.g., neighborhood structural characteristics and collective efficacy). Using a nationally representative longitudinal dataset the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS), with six waves from 1998 to 2017, this study captures the longitudinal effects of two types of early childhood neighborhood factors on the co-development of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Data was collected at the focal child's age 3, age 5, age 9, age 15 (N = 2,385), and the parallel-process growth curve models were applied. Results suggest that the trajectories of both internalization and externalizing symptoms showed U-shape and bidirectional relationships among internalizing and externalizing problems. The long-term effects of neighborhood social cohesion and economic disadvantages were significantly associated with children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms. The implication of this study was further discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pei
- School of Social Work, Falk College, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
MacQuarrie AL, Brunelle C. Profiles of cannabis users and impact on cannabis cessation. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305088. [PMID: 38861510 PMCID: PMC11166302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Although cannabis was legalized in Canada in 2018 and is one of the most used substances in Canada, few studies have examined how individuals with different patterns of cannabis use differ in their attempts to decrease or abstain from cannabis. The current study examined how groups of cannabis users, which were formed on the basis of demographic characteristics, substance use patterns, mental health symptoms, and self-reported quality of life differed on their experiences with cannabis cessation. A sample of 147 Canadian adult participants who had attempted to decrease or quit cannabis were recruited from the community (n = 84, 57.14%) and crowdsourcing (n = 63, 42.86%). Four profiles of cannabis users emerged using a Latent Profile Analysis: low-risk (n = 62, 42.18%), rapidly escalating high-risk (n = 40, 27.21%), long-term high severity (n = 35, 23.81%), and long-term lower severity (n = 10, 6.80%). Individuals in the rapidly escalating profile had attempted to decrease their cannabis use more times compared to other profiles. More participants in the long-term high severity group found their use stayed the same or got worse after their last cessation attempt, compared to the low-risk group where more individuals indicated their use stopped. The results of the current study indicate that cannabis users differ in their attempts at reducing or ceasing cannabis use and that they may benefit from different intensity of cannabis interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. MacQuarrie
- Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick Saint John, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Caroline Brunelle
- Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick Saint John, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Askari MS, Belsky DW, Olfson M, Breslau J, Mojtabai R, Kajeepeta S, Bruzelius E, Keyes KM. An integrative literature review of birth cohort and time period trends in adolescent depression in the United States. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:899-915. [PMID: 37428192 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this literature review is to examine evidence of time trends and birth cohort effects in depressive disorders and symptoms among US adolescents in peer-reviewed articles from January 2004 to April 2022. METHODS We conducted an integrative systematic literature review. Three reviewers participated at different stages of article review. Of the 2234 articles identified in three databases (Pubmed, ProQuest Central, Ebscohost), 10 met inclusion criteria (i.e., adolescent aged United States populations, included information about birth cohort and survey year, focused on depressive symptoms/disorders). RESULTS All 10 articles observed increases in depressive symptoms and disorders in adolescents across recent survey years with increases observed between 1991 and 2020. Of the 3 articles that assessed birth cohort trends, birth cohort trends were less prominent than time period trends. Proposed explanations for increases included social media, economic-related reasons, changes in mental health screening and diagnosis, declining mental health stigma, increased treatment, and, in more recent years, the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Multiple cross-sectional surveys and cohort studies documented rising prevalence of depressive symptoms and disorder among adolescents from 1991 to 2020. Mechanisms driving this increase are still unknown. Research to identify these mechanisms is needed to inform depression screening and intervention efforts for adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie S Askari
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Daniel W Belsky
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mark Olfson
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Joshua Breslau
- RAND Corporation, 4570 Fifth Ave #600, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ramin Mojtabai
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Hampton House 797, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sandhya Kajeepeta
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Emilie Bruzelius
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Katherine M Keyes
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ramer NE, Perhamus GR, Colder CR. Reinforcement sensitivity theory and externalizing problems across early adolescence: Testing within-person reciprocal associations. Dev Psychol 2024; 60:545-559. [PMID: 38190217 PMCID: PMC10922213 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Temperament and externalizing problems are closely linked, but research on how they codevelop across adolescence remains sparse and equivocal. Reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) provides a useful framework for understanding temperament and externalizing problems associations. During adolescence, oppositional problems are posited to be linked to an overactive behavioral approach system (BAS) while conduct problems are linked to an underactive behavioral inhibition system (BIS). However, this research mostly uses adult samples and cross-sectional designs and tests only between-person associations. Moreover, most studies typically test only one direction of effects (i.e., temperament predicts externalizing problems) and do not consider alternative models of associations, such as reciprocal associations. To address these limitations, we use three annual waves of a longitudinal, community-based sample of 387 early adolescents (mean Wave 1 age = 11.61 years, 55% female, 83% non-Hispanic White) to test reciprocal associations between BIS and BAS and oppositional and conduct problems. Latent curve models with structured residuals are used to test hypotheses and disaggregate between- and within-person associations. Evidence supports within-person reciprocal associations between BAS and oppositional problems and between BIS and combined conduct and oppositional problems. Results potentially inform developmental theories of temperament and externalizing problems linkages and interventions with adolescents who are engaging in oppositional problems and more severe conduct problems. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nolan E. Ramer
- Department of Psychology, Park Hall Room 204. University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Gretchen R. Perhamus
- Department of Psychology, Park Hall Room 204. University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Craig R. Colder
- Department of Psychology, Park Hall Room 204. University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kreski NT, Askari MS, Cerdá M, Chen Q, Hasin DS, Martins SS, Mauro PM, Olfson M, Keyes KM. Changing adolescent activity patterns and the correlation of self-esteem and externalizing mental health symptoms across time: results from the USA from 1991 through 2020. Psychol Med 2024; 54:169-177. [PMID: 37183659 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723001150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common adolescent psychiatric symptoms cluster into two dominant domains: internalizing and externalizing. Both domains are linked to self-esteem, which serves as a protective factor against a wide range of internalizing and externalizing problems. This study examined trends in US adolescents' self-esteem and externalizing symptoms, and their correlation, by sex and patterns of time use. METHODS Using Monitoring the Future data (N = 338 896 adolescents, grades:8/10/12, years:1991-2020), we generated six patterns of time use using latent profile analysis with 17 behavior items (e.g. sports participation, parties, paid work). Groups were differentiated by high/low engagement in sports and either paid work or high/low peer socialization. Within each group, we mapped annual, sex-stratified means of (and correlation between) self-esteem and externalizing factors. We also examined past-decade rates of change for factor means using linear regression and mapped proportions with top-quartile levels of poor self-esteem, externalizing symptoms, or both. RESULTS We found consistent increases in poor self-esteem, decreases in externalizing symptoms, and a positive correlation between the two across nearly all activity groups. We also identified a relatively constant proportion of those with high levels of both in every group. Increases in poor self-esteem were most pronounced for female adolescents with low levels of socializing, among whom externalizing symptoms also increased. CONCLUSIONS Rising trends in poor self-esteem are consistent across time use groups, as is the existence of a group facing poor self-esteem and externalizing symptoms. Effective interventions for adolescents' poor self-esteem/co-occurring symptoms are needed broadly, but especially among female adolescents with low peer socialization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noah T Kreski
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, R733, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Melanie S Askari
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, R733, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Magdalena Cerdá
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 180 Madison Avenue 4-16, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Qixuan Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168th Street, R644, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Deborah S Hasin
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, R733, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 722 W. 168th Street, Room 228F, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Silvia S Martins
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, R733, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Pia M Mauro
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, R733, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mark Olfson
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, R733, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 722 W. 168th Street, Room 228F, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Katherine M Keyes
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, R733, New York, NY 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fletcher É, Richard J, Boutin S, Lemieux A, Déry M, Derevensky J, Temcheff C. Trajectory Classes of Externalizing and Internalizing Symptoms to Adolescent Gambling Participation: An Exploratory Study. J Gambl Stud 2023; 39:1751-1763. [PMID: 36609905 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-022-10182-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Engagement in underage gambling remains a public health concern. Risk factors for the development of gambling behaviours in adolescence include the presence of externalizing and/or internalizing problems. This study aims to better understand the role of co-occurrence between externalizing and internalizing symptoms from childhood to adolescence in adolescent gambling. Participants were drawn from an ongoing longitudinal study of children with and without early conduct problems. Externalizing and internalizing problems were measured annually using teacher and parent reports. Gambling behaviours were measured using self-report when participants were approximately 15 years old. Latent class growth trajectory analyses identified five mental health trajectory classes: (1) a co-occurring trajectory characterized by stable clinical levels of both externalizing and internalizing problems, (2) an externalizing trajectory characterized by stable high clinical levels of externalizing problems, (3) an internalizing trajectory characterized by stable at-risk levels of internalizing problems, (4) an at-risk externalizing trajectory characterized by decreasing levels of externalizing problems, and (5) a non-clinical trajectory. Invariance analyses suggested that this model remained valid in both boys and girls. Logistic regression analyses suggested that youth who belonged in the externalizing trajectory reported a greater likelihood of past-year gambling behaviours when compared to youth who belong in the comorbid trajectory. No other mental health trajectory was significantly associated with adolescent gambling. Stable high externalizing behaviours in development appear to increase one's risk of gambling behaviours in adolescence. Efforts to target these throughout development could help decrease one's future risk of engaging in these behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Fletcher
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, 3724 McTavish Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 1Y2, Canada
- International Centre for Youth Gambling Problems and High-Risk Behaviors, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jérémie Richard
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, 3724 McTavish Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 1Y2, Canada
- International Centre for Youth Gambling Problems and High-Risk Behaviors, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Boutin
- Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Groupe de recherche et d'intervention sur les adaptations sociales de l'enfance (GRISE), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Annie Lemieux
- Groupe de recherche et d'intervention sur les adaptations sociales de l'enfance (GRISE), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Département de Psychoéducation, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Michèle Déry
- Groupe de recherche et d'intervention sur les adaptations sociales de l'enfance (GRISE), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Département de Psychoéducation, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Derevensky
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, 3724 McTavish Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 1Y2, Canada
- International Centre for Youth Gambling Problems and High-Risk Behaviors, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Caroline Temcheff
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, 3724 McTavish Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 1Y2, Canada.
- International Centre for Youth Gambling Problems and High-Risk Behaviors, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Groupe de recherche et d'intervention sur les adaptations sociales de l'enfance (GRISE), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
- Département de Psychoéducation, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alhalal E, Binomran K, Al-Radwan Z, Albarqi G. Intimate Partner Violence and School-Aged Children's Mental Health: Unpacking the Effects of Family Functioning, Mothers' Mental Health, and Social Capital. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2023; 44:1109-1118. [PMID: 37738235 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2023.2258221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
There is a limited understanding of the pathways through which intimate partner violence (IPV) affects school-aged children's mental health. This study aims to examine a hypothesized model in which fathers' perpetration of IPV against mothers affects school-aged children's mental health through family functions, mothers' mental health, and social capital. A cross-sectional study was conducted by recruiting 513 mothers from 17 different Primary Health Care centers in Saudi Arabia. Structural equation modeling was used to test a hypothesized model, controlling the family's financial status. The model accounted for 54.2% of the variance in children's mental health problems. This study reveals that IPV issue against mothers during the last 12 months influences school-aged children's mental health directly and indirectly through the current family functioning and mothers' mental health. The impact of IPV issues on school-aged children's mental health requires particular consideration. The study findings urge attention to preventing the IPV issue against mothers, as well as improving family functioning and treating mothers' mental health to protect school-aged children from mental health problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Alhalal
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Nursing Collage, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kenan Binomran
- Khobar Health Network, Ministry of Health, Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Al-Radwan
- Ministry of Health, Al-Qatif Health Network, PHCCs, Eastern Region, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghayah Albarqi
- Ministry of Health, Riyadh Primary Healthcare Centers, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alaie I, Svedberg P, Ropponen A, Narusyte J. Longitudinal trajectories of sickness absence among young adults with a history of depression and anxiety symptoms in Sweden. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:271-279. [PMID: 37437735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety are associated with increased risk of sickness absence (SA), yet the developmental patterns of SA remain unclear. We aimed to identify trajectories of SA in young adults with depression and/or anxiety, accounting for sociodemographic and occupational factors. METHODS Longitudinal study of 1445 twin individuals with elevated depressive/anxiety symptoms in late adolescence or young adulthood (age range: 19-30), assessed in Swedish surveys completed in 2005. Through linkage to nationwide registries, individuals were prospectively followed from 2006 to 2018. The outcome included consecutive annual days of SA, which were analyzed using group-based trajectory modeling. Multinomial logistic regression estimating odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) was used to examine associations of age, sex, and educational level with the resulting SA trajectories. RESULTS Four distinct SA trajectories were identified in the total sample: 'high-increasing' (6 %), 'low-increasing' (12 %), 'high-decreasing' (13 %), and 'low-constant' (69 %). Increasing age was associated with higher odds of belonging to the low-increasing trajectory (OR = 1.07, 95 % CI = 1.02-1.12). Women had higher odds of belonging to the low-increasing trajectory (OR = 1.67, 95 % CI = 1.10-2.53), compared with men. Higher education was associated with lower odds of belonging to high-increasing (OR = 0.34, 95 % CI = 0.22-0.54) and high-decreasing (OR = 0.59, 95 % CI = 0.43-0.81) trajectories, compared with lower education. Few differences were observed in analyses stratified by occupational sector. LIMITATIONS Information on potential confounders (e.g., psychiatric comorbidity, work-environment factors) was not available. CONCLUSIONS Among young adults with prior depression/anxiety, close to every fifth showed rising SA trajectories over time. This calls for targeted strategies to improve public mental health already at young ages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Alaie
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Pia Svedberg
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annina Ropponen
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jurgita Narusyte
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Adhikari S, Ma J, Shakya S, Brøndbo PH, Handegård BH, Javo AC. Self-reported emotional and behavioral problems among school-going adolescents in Nepal-A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287305. [PMID: 37352299 PMCID: PMC10289424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on self-reported emotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) among adolescents are still sparse in many low- and middle-income countries. In Nepal, no such studies have been performed on a larger scale, and little is known about self-reported EBPs in the adolescent population. METHODS This cross-sectional, school-based study on EBPs included 1904 adolescents aged 11-18 years, enrolled in government and private schools located in 16 districts in Nepal. The Nepali version of the Youth Self Report form was used to assess self-reported EBPs, and the Teacher Report Form was used to assess academic performance. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for gender comparisons on adolescents' EBPs and on academic competence. Multiple regression analysis was done to explore correlates of self-reported EBPs. RESULTS The overall prevalence of self-reported EBPs was 14.2%; 15.6% in boys and 12.9% in girls. The mean Total Problems score was 39.27 (standard deviation = 24.16); no gender differences were observed. Boys scored higher on Externalizing Problems and girls scored higher on Internalizing Problems. The effect sizes for gender comparisons were small with Hedges' g ranging from -0.29 to 0.28. Physical illness and negative/traumatic life events were positively correlated with self-reported EBPs, whereas academic performance was negatively correlated. However, the effect sizes were small (η2 < 0.02). CONCLUSION This study helps to narrow the knowledge gap on the prevalence, magnitude, and types of self-reported EBPs in Nepali adolescents. It demonstrated an association between self-reported EBPs and academic performance and linked self-reported EBPs to other factors such as negative/traumatic life events and physical illness. The findings might assist health authorities in the planning of mental health services and may also provide valuable background information to clinicians dealing with adolescent mental health problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sirjana Adhikari
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Kanti Children’s Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Jasmine Ma
- Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Unit, Kanti Children’s Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Suraj Shakya
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Per Håkan Brøndbo
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bjørn Helge Handegård
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare—North, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne Cecilie Javo
- Sami National Competence Center for Mental Health (SANKS), Sami Klinihkka, Finnmark Hospital Trust, Karasjok, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Arakelyan M, Freyleue S, Avula D, McLaren JL, O’Malley AJ, Leyenaar JK. Pediatric Mental Health Hospitalizations at Acute Care Hospitals in the US, 2009-2019. JAMA 2023; 329:1000-1011. [PMID: 36976279 PMCID: PMC10051095 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Importance Approximately 1 in 6 youth in the US have a mental health condition, and suicide is a leading cause of death among this population. Recent national statistics describing acute care hospitalizations for mental health conditions are lacking. Objectives To describe national trends in pediatric mental health hospitalizations between 2009 and 2019, to compare utilization among mental health and non-mental health hospitalizations, and to characterize variation in utilization across hospitals. Design, Setting, and Participants Retrospective analysis of the 2009, 2012, 2016, and 2019 Kids' Inpatient Database, a nationally representative database of US acute care hospital discharges. Analysis included 4 767 840 weighted hospitalizations among children 3 to 17 years of age. Exposures Hospitalizations with primary mental health diagnoses were identified using the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Disorders Classification System, which classified mental health diagnoses into 30 mutually exclusive disorder types. Main Outcomes and Measures Measures included number and proportion of hospitalizations with a primary mental health diagnosis and with attempted suicide, suicidal ideation, or self-injury; number and proportion of hospital days and interfacility transfers attributable to mental health hospitalizations; mean lengths of stay (days) and transfer rates among mental health and non-mental health hospitalizations; and variation in these measures across hospitals. Results Of 201 932 pediatric mental health hospitalizations in 2019, 123 342 (61.1% [95% CI, 60.3%-61.9%]) were in females, 100 038 (49.5% [95% CI, 48.3%-50.7%]) were in adolescents aged 15 to 17 years, and 103 456 (51.3% [95% CI, 48.6%-53.9%]) were covered by Medicaid. Between 2009 and 2019, the number of pediatric mental health hospitalizations increased by 25.8%, and these hospitalizations accounted for a significantly higher proportion of pediatric hospitalizations (11.5% [95% CI, 10.2%-12.8%] vs 19.8% [95% CI, 17.7%-21.9%]), hospital days (22.2% [95% CI, 19.1%-25.3%] vs 28.7% [95% CI, 24.4%-33.0%]), and interfacility transfers (36.9% [95% CI, 33.2%-40.5%] vs 49.3% [95% CI, 45.9%-52.7%]). The percentage of mental health hospitalizations with attempted suicide, suicidal ideation, or self-injury diagnoses increased significantly from 30.7% (95% CI, 28.6%-32.8%) in 2009 to 64.2% (95% CI, 62.3%-66.2%) in 2019. Length of stay and interfacility transfer rates varied significantly across hospitals. Across all years, mental health hospitalizations had significantly longer mean lengths of stay and higher transfer rates compared with non-mental health hospitalizations. Conclusions and Relevance Between 2009 and 2019, the number and proportion of pediatric acute care hospitalizations due to mental health diagnoses increased significantly. The majority of mental health hospitalizations in 2019 included a diagnosis of attempted suicide, suicidal ideation, or self-injury, underscoring the increasing importance of this concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Arakelyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth Health Children’s, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Seneca Freyleue
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Divya Avula
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
- University of Louisville School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Jennifer L. McLaren
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth Health Children’s, Lebanon, New Hampshire
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
- Department of Psychiatry, Dartmouth Health, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - A. James O’Malley
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - JoAnna K. Leyenaar
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth Health Children’s, Lebanon, New Hampshire
- The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jiang S, Jiang C, Wang L, Dong L. Effect of ostracism on internalizing and externalizing problems of Chinese migrant children: exploring the mediating role of marginalization. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04009-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
18
|
Effects of Parental Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior Problems on Children’s Limbic Brain Structures—An MRI Study. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12101319. [PMID: 36291253 PMCID: PMC9599765 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12101319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parental behavior problems have long-term effects on children’s limbic brain structures and functions. Parental behavior problems-related brain changes in children may lead to mental disorders and behavior dysfunction later in life. However, our understanding of the relationship between parental behavior and children’s brain structures is less obvious when children and adolescents are studied in a general population without mental disorders. The majority of studies on the relationship between parental behavior and adolescent brain structure have been focused on severe forms of the following parental behavior problems: (1) internalizing behavior associated with mood and anxiety disorders, and (2) externalizing behavior associated with substance use and violence. A few studies examined the effect of normative variations or subtle differences in parental behavior. Therefore, we utilized a large study—Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD)—to determine relationships between normative variation in parental internalizing and externalizing behavior and limbic brain structures in children and adolescents without mental disorders. Quantile (median) regression models were used to compute associations between parental behavior and children’s limbic structures. We found that parental internalizing and externalizing behaviors are uniquely associated with children’s limbic structures after adjustment for biological confounders and parental socioeconomic status. Our findings indicate that normative parental behavior may have a significant early influence on limbic structures of normally developing children and adolescents. Accelerated or delayed limbic structure maturation may account for children’s and adolescents’ behavioral inadequacies and a risk of developing specific mood disorders or substance abuse problems later in life.
Collapse
|
19
|
Kreski NT, Chen Q, Olfson M, Cerdá M, Hasin DS, Martins SS, Mauro PM, Keyes KM. Time use and associations with internalizing symptoms from 1991 to 2019 among US adolescents. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101181. [PMID: 35968043 PMCID: PMC9365953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adolescent time use in recent cohorts is distinguished by large-scale changes, including shifts in parental monitoring, supervision, and adolescent activity patterns, that together may provide a more complete perspective on changing patterns of mental health than can be captured by single risk factors. Methods To determine whether patterns of adolescent time use explain recent increases in depressive and other internalizing symptoms, we first conducted latent profile analyses of 465,839 adolescents, grades 8/10, from annual, cross-sectional Monitoring the Future surveys, years:1991-2019, using twenty-one variables (e.g., frequency of attending parties) to identify groups based on patterns of time use. Most of the sample was female (51.0%), non-Hispanic white (58.8%), and in grade 8 (52.2%); mean age: 14.60 years (95% CI: 14.57, 14.64). We subsequently examined differences in depressive and other internalizing symptoms between these time use groups over time with survey-weighted logistic regressions producing odds ratios. Results Analyses derived six groups: part time workers, full time workers, and four groups based on levels of social activities (Low, medium, and high levels, with "High Social" split between those engaged in sports, academics, and community service and those who were not). Internalizing symptoms were predicted by lower socialization, low engagement in activities like sports, academics, and community service, and time spent at a paid job. Adolescents decreasingly engaged in social activities over time, though shifts in time use patterns did not account for much of the overall increase in depressive symptoms. Conclusion Shifts in adolescent time use do not explain increases in depressive and other internalizing symptoms, which increased across different patterns of time use. Levels of internalizing symptoms were highest among those with low socialization, low recreational engagement, and those working substantial hours. Encouraging socialization, engagement in recreational activities, and providing mental health resources for isolated adolescents may reduce internalizing symptom trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noah T Kreski
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 722 West 168th St, Room 733, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Qixuan Chen
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, 722 West 168th Street, Room 644, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mark Olfson
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, 1051 Riverside Dr, New York, NY, 10032, Box 24, USA
| | - Magdalena Cerdá
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, 180 Madison Avenue 4-16, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Deborah S Hasin
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, 722 West 168th Street, Room 228F, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Silvia S Martins
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 722 West 168th Street, 5th Floor, Room 509, New York, NY, 10032, United States
| | - Pia M Mauro
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 722 West 168th Street, Room 507, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Katherine M Keyes
- Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 722 West 168th Street, Room 724, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|