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Zhu C, Langlois GA, Zhao Y. Effect of Environmental Heterogeneity and Trophic Status in Sampling Strategy on Estimation of Small-Scale Regional Biodiversity of Microorganisms. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2119. [PMID: 36363711 PMCID: PMC9697727 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are diverse and play key roles in lake ecosystems, therefore, a robust estimation of their biodiversity and community structure is crucial for determining their ecological roles in lakes. Conventionally, molecular surveys of microorganisms in lakes are primarily based on equidistant sampling. However, this sampling strategy overlooks the effects of environmental heterogeneity and trophic status in lake ecosystems, which might result in inaccurate biodiversity assessments of microorganisms. Here, we conducted equidistant sampling from 10 sites in two regions with different trophic status within East Lake (Wuhan, China), to verify the reliability of this sampling strategy and assess the influence of environmental heterogeneity and trophic status on this strategy. Rarefaction curves showed that the species richness of microbial communities in the region of the lake with higher eutrophication failed to reach saturation compared with that in lower trophic status. The microbial compositions of samples from the region with higher trophic status differed significantly (P < 0.05) from those in the region with lower trophic status. The result of this pattern may be explained by complex adaptations of lake microorganisms in high eutrophication regions with environmental conditions, where community differentiation can be viewed as adaptations to these environmental selection forces. Therefore, when conducting surveys of microbial biodiversity in a heterogeneous environment, investigators should incorporate intensive sampling to assess the variability in microbial distribution in response to a range of factors in the local microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyu Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Gaytha A. Langlois
- Department of Science and Technology, Bryant University, Smithfield, RI 02917, USA
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
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Liang Y, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Liu R, Qi J, Lin Y, Zhang T, Jiang Q. Use of physiological activities to estimate the population growth of rotifer (Brachionus calyciflorus) under the stress of toxic Microcystis and nitrite. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131419. [PMID: 34246096 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis blooms disrupt aquatic systems and adversely affect zooplankton growth. Brachionus calyciflorus Pallas (rotifer) was introduced to different combinations of toxic Microcystis aeruginosa (0, 2 × 105, 2 × 106, and 2 × 107 cells mL-1) and nitrite (0, 2, 4, and 6 mg L-1) to evaluate their physiological activities and population growth under stress. Survival rate (S), population growth rate (r), grazing rate (G), antioxidant response, and metabolic and digestive enzyme activities were determined. Results revealed that G declined with the increasing nitrite doses and grazing time upon exposure to a certain Microcystis concentration. Toxic M. aeruginosa and nitrite inhibited the S, r, glutathione content, total antioxidant capacity level, and activities of alkaline phosphatase, xanthine oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase, and cellulase (p < 0.05) but increased the reactive oxygen species level, malondialdehyde content, and amylase activity (p < 0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and pepsase were also increased in single low doses of nitrite solutions (p < 0.05). Therefore, the grazing intensity of rotifers affected B. calyciflorus physiological activities, which are useful in the estimation of its population growth in eutrophic water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liang
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen, No. 178 Daxue Road, 361005, PR China.
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No.1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Yishan Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, PR China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, PR China
| | - Jun Qi
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, PR China
| | - Yangjie Lin
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, PR China
| | - Tongqing Zhang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210017, PR China
| | - Qichen Jiang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210017, PR China
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Galir Balkić A, Ternjej I, Bogut I. Impact of habitat heterogeneity on zooplankton assembly in a temperate river-floodplain system. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:143. [PMID: 29450746 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6524-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dissimilar life features of Rotifera, Cladocera and Copepoda enable these organisms to respond differently to changes in the hydrological regime which influence alterations in environmental characteristics. We investigated the effect of habitat heterogeneity (e.g. eupotamal, parapotamal, palaeopotamal) on individual zooplankton group assemblages and biodiversity indices (α, β and γ diversity) during hydro regime change in floodplain waterbodies. Dissolved oxygen and organic nitrogen concentrations changed significantly among hydrological states while water depth was affected by both site and hydro regime replacement. Each studied site supported different zooplankton assemblage that highly depended on species-specific responses to hydro regime change. Also, individual zooplankton groups exhibited different correlations with specific environmental parameters regarding site change. Throughout the study, rotifers' local (α) and among-community (β) diversities were susceptible to the site and inundation change while the microcrustacean biodiversity pattern diverged. Copepods highly discriminated different habitat types and hydrological phases at the regional scale (γ diversity), while we found a complete lack of biodiversity dependence on both site and hydrology for Cladocera. Our results show that heterogeneous environments support the development of different zooplankton assemblages that express the within-group dissimilarities. They also point to the importance of identifying processes in hydrologically variable ecosystems that influence biodiversity patterns at an individual zooplankton group level. Our results suggest the use of appropriate zooplankton groups as biological markers in natural habitats and stress the importance of proper management in preserving biodiversity in floodplain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Galir Balkić
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8A, 31000, Osijek, Croatia.
| | - Ivančica Ternjej
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Division of Zoology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Irella Bogut
- Faculty of Education, Department of Natural Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
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Liang Y, Chen X, Lu X, Jin S, Min Y, Yang J. Combined effects of microcystin and nitrite on the growth, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant responses of the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 192:78-88. [PMID: 28934643 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Toxicants released during the degradation of cyanobacterial blooms, such as microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and nitrite (NO2-N), affect the growth of aquatic organisms. The freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus was exposed to solutions with different combined concentrations of MC-LR (0, 10, 50, 100, and 200μgL-1) and NO2-N (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8mgL-1) to assess the combined effects of MC-LR and NO2-N on life cycle parameters and oxidative stress. Single solutions of MC-LR 200μgL-1 and NO2-N 8mgL-1 were toxic to rotifers. MC-LR combined with NO2-N decreased population growth rate (r), survival, and reproduction, but increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) contents (p<0.01). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and mRNA expression levels of MnSOD, CuZnSOD, and CAT significantly decreased under high concentrations of MC-LR or NO2-N (p<0.05). ROS levels had negative correlations with antioxidant enzyme activities and expression levels of antioxidant genes (p<0.01). MC-LR and NO2-N had interactive effects on r, reproduction, ROS levels, MDA content, SOD activity, and expression levels of MnSOD and CAT (p<0.05). By contrast, these effects were antagonistic on survival, CAT activity, GSH content, and expression level of CuZnSOD (p>0.05). Results showed that cyanobacterial metabolites act synergistically and antagonistically to cause toxicity to B. calyciflorus. ROS-mediated toxicity was considered the mechanism by which MC-LR and NO2-N induce damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Fisheries Live Food, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xinglan Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Fisheries Live Food, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xuxin Lu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Fisheries Live Food, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Sichen Jin
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Fisheries Live Food, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yuanqi Min
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Fisheries Live Food, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity & Biotechnology and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Fisheries Live Food, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Oosterkamp MJ, Boeren S, Plugge CM, Schaap PJ, Stams AJM. Metabolic response of Alicycliphilus denitrificans strain BC toward electron acceptor variation. Proteomics 2013; 13:2886-94. [PMID: 23907812 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Alicycliphilus denitrificans is a versatile, ubiquitous, facultative anaerobic bacterium. Alicycliphilus denitrificans strain BC can use chlorate, nitrate, and oxygen as electron acceptor for growth. Cells display a prolonged lag-phase when transferred from nitrate to chlorate and vice versa. Furthermore, cells adapted to aerobic growth do not easily use nitrate or chlorate as electron acceptor. We further investigated these responses of strain BC by differential proteomics, transcript analysis, and enzyme activity assays. In nitrate-adapted cells transferred to chlorate and vice versa, appropriate electron acceptor reduction pathways need to be activated. In oxygen-adapted cells, adaptation to the use of chlorate or nitrate is likely difficult due to the poorly active nitrate reduction pathway and low active chlorate reduction pathway. We deduce that the Nar-type nitrate reductase of strain BC also reduces chlorate, which may result in toxic levels of chlorite if cells are transferred to chlorate. Furthermore, the activities of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase appear to be not balanced when oxygen-adapted cells are shifted to nitrate as electron acceptor, leading to the production of a toxic amount of nitrite. These data suggest that strain BC encounters metabolic challenges in environments with fluctuations in the availability of electron acceptors. All MS data have been deposited in the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD000258.
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Planktonic rotifers in a subtropical shallow lake: succession, relationship to environmental factors, and use as bioindicators. ScientificWorldJournal 2013; 2013:702942. [PMID: 23864829 PMCID: PMC3705949 DOI: 10.1155/2013/702942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the density and species composition of planktonic rotifers as well as their relationship to several environmental variables were studied at Dadian Lake, a shallow subtropical lake, which was completely dredged and reconstructed. Samples were taken monthly (2006-2009) at five stations. The total rotifer abundance exponentially declined and reached a relatively stable stage in 2009. Polyarthra dolichoptera and Trichocerca pusilla dominated the rotifer community in most seasons. TN, TP, and CODMn went down at the beginning of the monitoring period, rebounded in the second winter, and then decreased and reached a stable state in 2009. CCA showed that the most significant variations were caused by fluctuations in temperature, COD(Mn), SRP, and NO2-N. The rotifer community experienced a two-stage succession and the difference of species between the stages was exhibited during warm seasons. GAMs indicated that the selected factors were responsible for 64.8% of the total rotifer abundance variance and 16.5~64.3% of the variances of individual species abundance. Most of the environmental parameters had effects on rotifer abundance that could only be described by complicated curves, characterised by unimodality and bimodality instead of linearity. Our study highlighted the temperature influence on rotifer species composition and total abundance in subtropical lakes.
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