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Guo D, Tian K, Peng X, Liu S, Xu X, Tian W. Cadmium/zinc stresses and plant cultivation influenced soil microflora: a pot experiment conducted in field. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 277:116384. [PMID: 38657451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
It's of great challenge to address for heavy metal-contaminated soil. Once the farmland is contaminated with heavy metals, the microbial ecology of the plant rhizosphere will change, which in turn impacts crop productivity and quality. However, few studies have explored the effects of heavy metals on plant rhizosphere microbes in farmland and the role that plant cultivation plays in such a phytoremediation practice. In this study, the impacts of comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) cultivation and the stresses of cadmium/zinc (Cd/Zn) on rhizosphere soil microflora were examined. Microbial DNA was collected from soils to evaluate the prevalence of bacteria and fungi communities in rhizosphere soils. High-throughput 16 S rRNA sequencing was used to determine the diversity of the bacterial and fungal communities. The results showed that growing comfrey on polluted soils reduced the levels of Cd and Zn from the vertical profile. Both the comfrey growth and Cd/Zn stresses affected the community of rhizosphere microorganisms (bacteria or fungi). Additionally, the analysis of PCoA and NMDS indicated that the cultivation of comfrey significantly changed the bacterial composition and structure of unpolluted soil. Comfrey cultivation in polluted and unpolluted soils did not result in much variance in the fungi's species composition, but the fungal compositions of the two-type soils were noticeably different. This work provided a better understanding of the impacts of Cd/Zn stresses and comfrey cultivation on rhizosphere microbial community, as well as new insight into phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Guo
- School of Petroleum and Environment Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China; Yan'an key laboratory of Agricultural Solid Waste Resource Utilization, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China.
| | - Kunkun Tian
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Xinyue Peng
- School of Petroleum and Environment Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
| | - Shihao Liu
- School of Petroleum and Environment Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
| | - Xixia Xu
- Yan 'an Environmental Monitoring Co. LTD, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
| | - Wenwen Tian
- School of Petroleum and Environment Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
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Xu L, Xue X, Yan Y, Zhao X, Li L, Sheng K, Zhang Z. Silicon Combined with Melatonin Reduces Cd Absorption and Translocation in Maize. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3537. [PMID: 37896001 PMCID: PMC10609755 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic and widely distributed heavy metal pollutants, posing a huge threat to crop production, food security, and human health. Corn is an important food source and feed crop. Corn growth is subject to Cd stress; thus, reducing cadmium stress, absorption, and transportation is of great significance for achieving high yields, a high efficiency, and sustainable and safe corn production. The use of silicon or melatonin alone can reduce cadmium accumulation and toxicity in plants, but it is unclear whether the combination of silicon and melatonin can further reduce the damage caused by cadmium. Therefore, pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of melatonin and silicon on maize growth and cadmium accumulation. The results showed that cadmium stress significantly inhibited the growth of maize, disrupted its physiological processes, and led to cadmium accumulation in plants. Compared to the single treatment of silicon or melatonin, the combined application of melatonin and silicon significantly alleviated the inhibition of the growth of maize seedlings caused by cadmium stress. This was demonstrated by the increased plant heights, stem diameters, and characteristic root parameters and the bioaccumulation in maize seedlings. Under cadmium stress, the combined application of silicon and melatonin increased the plant height and stem diameter by 17.03% and 59.33%, respectively, and increased the total leaf area by 43.98%. The promotion of corn growth is related to the reduced oxidative damage under cadmium stress, manifested in decreases in the malondialdehyde content and relative conductivity and increases in antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase and guaiacol peroxidase activities, as well as in soluble protein and chlorophyll contents. In addition, cadmium accumulation in different parts of maize seedlings and the health risk index of cadmium were significantly reduced, reaching 48.44% (leaves), 19.15% (roots), and 20.86% (health risk index), respectively. Therefore, melatonin and silicon have a significant synergistic effect in inhibiting cadmium absorption and reducing the adverse effects of cadmium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Xu
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Xing Xue
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Yan Yan
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Lijie Li
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
| | - Kun Sheng
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng 475004, China;
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (L.X.); (X.X.); (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (L.L.)
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Qu M, Song J, Ren H, Zhao B, Zhang J, Ren B, Liu P. Differences of cadmium uptake and accumulation in roots of two maize varieties (Zea mays L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:96993-97004. [PMID: 37584802 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29340-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Different maize varieties respond differentially to cadmium (Cd) stress. As the first organ in contact with the soil, the response of the root is particularly important. However, the physiological mechanisms that determine the response are not well defined. Here, we compared the differences in Cd-induced related gene expression, ionic homeostasis, and ultrastructural changes in roots of Cd-tolerant maize variety (XR57) and Cd-sensitive maize variety (LY296), and assessed their effects on Cd uptake and accumulation. Our findings indicate that XR57 absorbed a significantly lower Cd than LY296 did, and that the expression levels of genes related to Cd uptake (ZmNRAMP5 and ZmZIP4) and efflux (ZmABCG4) in the root were consistent with the Cd absorption at the physiological levels. Compared with LY296, the lower Cd concentration in the roots of XR57 caused less interference with the ion balance. Transmission electron microscope images revealed that the roots from XR57 exposed to Cd had developed thicker cell walls than LY296. In addition, the large increase ZmABCC1 and ZmABCC2 expression levels in XR57 mediated the appearance of numerous electron-dense granules in the vacuoles present in the roots. As a result, the high Cd tolerance of XR57 is the result of a multi-level response that involves increased resistance to Cd uptake, a stronger capacity for vacuolar regionalization, and the formation of thicker cell walls. These findings may provide a theoretical basis for maize cultivation in Cd-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Qu
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Song
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Ren
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Baizhao Ren
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Liu
- College of Agronomy, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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Deng B, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Tian S. Exogenous ATP triggers antioxidant defense system and alleviates Cd toxicity in maize seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114898. [PMID: 37043944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The role of exogenous adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) in the regulation of antioxidant response in plants under heavy metal stress is unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of exogenous ATP application on plant growth, antioxidant response, and Cd accumulation in maize seedlings. Treatment with 0.1 mM CdCl2 moderately reduced dry weight, decreased chlorophyll content, impaired photosynthesis, and increased lipid peroxidation in maize seedlings compared with controls. However, toxicity due to Cd was alleviated after 10-200 µM ATP treatment. Subsequently, the activity of Cd-regulated antioxidant enzymes, antioxidant metabolite accumulation, and total antioxidant capacity were drastically enhanced after 50 µM ATP treatment. Similar patterns were observed in the ADP-treated group but not in the AMP-treated group under Cd stress. However, the ATP-induced elevation in antioxidant defense ability was decreased by the inhibition of NADPH oxidase (NOX). ATP-induced elevation in NOX activity and H2O2 production was partly reversed by the inhibition of NOX in maize seedlings under Cd stress. Furthermore, ATP promoted Cd accumulation in the roots and shoots of maize seedlings. However, the ATP-induced increase in Cd accumulation was partly abolished by the inhibition of NOX. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the role and mechanism of exogenous ATP in regulating plant growth, antioxidant response, and heavy metal phytoextraction. The study provides a new method based on exogenous ATP for enhancing heavy metal tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benliang Deng
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- Clinical Laboratory of Dingxi People's Hospital, Dingxi, Gansu 743000, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Yipu Fan
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, China
| | - Shan Tian
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, China
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5
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Sun H, Shi Y, Zhao P, Long G, Li C, Wang J, Qiu D, Lu C, Ding Y, Liu L, He S. Effects of polyethylene and biodegradable microplastics on photosynthesis, antioxidant defense systems, and arsenic accumulation in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings grown in arsenic-contaminated soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161557. [PMID: 36640877 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) and microplastic (MP) co-exposure is a major environmental problem in terrestrial ecosystems. Polyethylene and biodegradable plastics decompose into MP particles under microbial-mediated and weathering conditions. However, the effects of MP particles on physiological responses and As accumulation in maize have not been thoroughly explored. In this study, the effects of polyethylene microplastic particles (PEMPs) and biodegradable microplastic particles (BPMPs) on As accumulation, growth and physio-biochemical performance of maize seedlings (Zea mays L.) in As-contaminated soil were investigated. Our study showed that 10 % PE reduced As content in maize seedlings leaves (roots) by 41.19(34.53) μg kg-1, compared to the control. The 10 % BP reduced As content in maize seedlings leaves (roots) by 64.24 (57.27) μg kg-1. 10 % PE (10 % BP) reduced maize seedlings leaf area, total chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate by 5.05 % (21.68 %), 44.98 % (57.12 %) and 65.29 % (77.89 %) and increased H2O2 content by 38.04 % (179.6 %), respectively. The antioxidant defense system of maize seedlings leaves was damaged by PEMPs and As co-exposure. Maize seedlings has adapted to stress by regulating antioxidant enzyme activity and the AsA-GSH cycle under BPMPs and As co-exposure. This study provides new insights into the effects of PEMPs and BPMPs on phytotoxicity and As accumulation in As-contaminated soils. Preliminarily data suggests that BPMPs may exhibit greater toxic effects on maize seedlings than PEMPs, which warrants further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yilan Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Guangqiang Long
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Chaohang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jiajing Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Dan Qiu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Chunmiao Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yue Ding
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Lin Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266525, China
| | - Shuran He
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
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Demiralay M. Exogenous acetone O-(4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) oxime alleviates Cd stress-induced photosynthetic damage and oxidative stress by regulating the antioxidant defense mechanism in Zea mays. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:2069-2083. [PMID: 36573151 PMCID: PMC9789276 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) toxicity in leaves decreases their photosynthetic efficiency by degrading photosynthetic pigments, reducing the activity of gas exchange parameters and photosystem II (PSII), and producing reactive oxygen species. Although acetone O-(4-chlorophenylsulfonyl) oxime (AO) alleviates stress due to heavy metals in plants, its effects on the photosynthetic apparatus and redox balance under Cd stress are not clear. Herein, the role of AO in modulating the relationship between the antioxidant defense system and photosynthetic performance including chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange in mitigating the stress damage caused by Cd in maize seedlings was investigated. Three-week-old maize seedlings were pre-treated with AO (0.66 mM) and exposed to 100 µM Cd stress. Our findings indicated that AO application increased Cd accumulation, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), photosynthetic rate, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), total chlorophyll and carotenoid, transpiration, stomatal conductance, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII), intercellular CO2 concentration, photochemical quenching (qP), superoxide dismutase, electron transport rate, proline, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, catechol, and cinnamic acid in maize seedling under Cd stress. Conversely, AO significantly reduced oxidative damage levels (H2O2, TBARS). It was concluded that exogenous AO can overcome Cd-mediated oxidative damage and hence protect the photosynthetic machinery by providing stress tolerance and regulating the antioxidant defense mechanism, which includes proline, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01258-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Demiralay
- Department of Forestry Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Artvin Coruh University, 0800 Artvin, Turkey
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Proanthocyanidins Alleviate Cadmium Stress in Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11182364. [PMID: 36145765 PMCID: PMC9504380 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), an annual herbaceous cash crop, is widely used for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils due to its short growth cycle, high tolerance, high biomass, and lack of susceptibility to transfer heavy metals into the human food chain. In this study, a significant increase in proanthocyanidins was found in Yunnan hemp no. 1 after cadmium stress. Proanthocyanidins are presumed to be a key secondary metabolite for cadmium stress mitigation. Therefore, to investigate the effect of proanthocyanidins on industrial hemp under cadmium stress, four experimental treatments were set up: normal environment, cadmium stress, proanthocyanidin treatment, and cadmium stress after pretreatment with proanthocyanidins. The phenotypes from the different treatments were compared. The experimental results showed that pretreatment with proanthocyanidins significantly alleviated cadmium toxicity in industrial hemp. The transcriptome and metabolome of industrial hemp were evaluated in the different treatments. Proanthocyanidin treatment and cadmium stress in industrial hemp mainly affected gene expression in metabolic pathways associated with glutathione metabolism, phenylpropanoids, and photosynthesis, which in turn altered the metabolite content in metabolic pathways of phenylalanine, vitamin metabolism, and carotenoid synthesis. The combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed that proanthocyanidins mitigated cadmium toxicity by enhancing photosynthesis, secondary metabolite synthesis, and antioxidant synthesis. In addition, exogenous proanthocyanidins and cadmium ions acted simultaneously on EDS1 to induce the production of large amounts of salicylic acid in the plant. Finally, overexpression of CsANR and CsLAR, key genes for proanthocyanidins synthesis in industrial hemp, was established in Arabidopsis plants. The corresponding plants were subjected to cadmium stress, and the results showed that CsLAR transgenic plants were more tolerant to cadmium than the CsANR transgenic and wild-type Arabidopsis plants. The results showed that salicylic acid and jasmonic acid were increased in Arabidopsis overexpressing CsLAR compared to AT wild-type Arabidopsis, and levels of secondary metabolites were significantly higher in Arabidopsis overexpressing CsLAR than in AT wild-type Arabidopsis. These results revealed how proanthocyanidins alleviated cadmium stress and laid the foundation for breeding industrial hemp varieties with higher levels of proanthocyanidins and greater tolerance.
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Li C, Cao Y, Li T, Guo M, Ma X, Zhu Y, Fan J. Changes in antioxidant system and sucrose metabolism in maize varieties exposed to Cd. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:64999-65011. [PMID: 35482243 PMCID: PMC9481512 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20422-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Different maize varieties respond differentially to cadmium (Cd) stress. However, the physiological mechanisms that determine the response are not well defined. Antioxidant systems and sucrose metabolism help plants to cope with abiotic stresses, including Cd stress. The relationship of these two systems in the response to Cd stress is unclear. Seed is sensitive to Cd stress during germination. In this study, we investigated changes in the antioxidant system, sucrose metabolism, and abscisic acid and gibberellin concentrations in two maize varieties with low (FY9) or high (SY33) sensitivities to Cd under exposure to CdCl2 (20 mg L-1) at different stages of germination (3, 6, and 9 days).The seed germination and seedling growth were inhibited under Cd stress. The superoxide, malondialdehyde, and proline concentrations, and the superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and lipoxygenase activities increased compared with those of the control (CK; without Cd). The expression levels of three genes (ZmOPR2, ZmOPR5, and ZmPP2C6) responsive to oxidative stress increased differentially in the two varieties under Cd stress. The activity of the antioxidant system and the transcript levels of oxidative stress-responsive genes were higher in the Cd-tolerant variety, FY9, than in the sensitive variety, SY33. Sucrose metabolism was increased under Cd stress compared with that of the CK and was more active in the Cd-sensitive variety, SY33. These results suggest that the antioxidant system is the first response to Cd stress in maize, and that sucrose metabolism is cooperative and complementary under exposure to Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Maize Genomic Selection Breeding, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yingdi Cao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Maize Genomic Selection Breeding, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Tianfeng Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Maize Genomic Selection Breeding, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Meiyu Guo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Maize Genomic Selection Breeding, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xinglin Ma
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanshu Zhu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Maize Genomic Selection Breeding, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Jinjuan Fan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Key Laboratory of Maize Genomic Selection Breeding, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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Gao C, Gao K, Yang H, Ju T, Zhu J, Tang Z, Zhao L, Chen Q. Genome-wide analysis of metallothionein gene family in maize to reveal its role in development and stress resistance to heavy metal. Biol Res 2022; 55:1. [PMID: 35012672 PMCID: PMC8751047 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-021-00368-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maize (Zea mays L.) is a widely cultivated cereal and has been used as an optimum heavy metal phytoremediation crop. Metallothionein (MT) proteins are small, cysteine-rich, proteins that play important roles in plant growth and development, and the regulation of stress response to heavy metals. However, the MT genes for maize have not been fully analyzed so far. METHODS The putative ZmMT genes were identified by HMMER.The heat map of ZmMT genes spatial expression analysis was generated by using R with the log2 (FPKM + 1).The expression profiles of ZmMT genes under three kinds of heavy metal stresses were quantified by using qRT-PCR. The metallothionein proteins was aligned using MAFFT and phylogenetic analysis were constructed by ClustalX 2.1. The protein theoretical molecular weight and pI, subcellular localization, TFs binding sites, were predicted using ProtParam, PSORT, PlantTFDB, respectively. RESULTS A total of 9 ZmMT genes were identified in the whole genome of maize. The results showed that eight of the nine ZmMT proteins contained one highly conserved metallothio_2 domain, while ZmMT4 contained a Metallothio_PEC domain. All the ZmMT proteins could be classified into three major groups and located on five chromosomes. The ZmMT promoters contain a large number of hormone regulatory elements and hormone-related transcription factor binding sites. The ZmMT genes exhibited spatiotemporal specific expression patterns in 23 tissues of maize development stages and showed the different expression patterns in response to Cu, Cd, and Pb heavy metal stresses. CONCLUSIONS We identified the 9 ZmMT genes, and explored their conserved motif, tissue expression patterns, evolutionary relationship. The expression profiles of ZmMT genes under three kinds of heavy metal stresses (Cu, Cd, Pb) were analyzed. In summary, the expression of ZmMTs have poteintial to be regulated by hormones. The specific expression of ZmMTs in different tissues of maize and the response to different heavy metal stresses are revealed that the role of MT in plant growth and development, and stress resistance to heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canhong Gao
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui province, Hefei, 230036 People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Gao
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui province, Hefei, 230036 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huixian Yang
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui province, Hefei, 230036 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tangdan Ju
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui province, Hefei, 230036 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui province, Hefei, 230036 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zailin Tang
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui province, Hefei, 230036 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangxia Zhao
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui province, Hefei, 230036 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingquan Chen
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui province, Hefei, 230036 People’s Republic of China
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Mahmoud A, AbdElgawad H, Hamed BA, Beemster GT, El-Shafey NM. Differences in Cadmium Accumulation, Detoxification and Antioxidant Defenses between Contrasting Maize Cultivars Implicate a Role of Superoxide Dismutase in Cd Tolerance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1812. [PMID: 34829683 PMCID: PMC8614887 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a readily absorbed and translocated toxic heavy metal, inhibits plant growth, interrupts metabolic homeostasis and induces oxidative damage. Responses towards Cd-stress differ among plant cultivars, and the complex integrated relationships between Cd accumulation, detoxification mechanisms and antioxidant defenses still need to be unraveled. To this end, 12 Egyptian maize cultivars were grown under Cd-stress to test their Cd-stress tolerance. Out of these cultivars, tolerant (TWC360 and TWC321), moderately sensitive (TWC324) and sensitive (SC128) cultivars were selected, and we determined their response to Cd in terms of biomass, Cd accumulation and antioxidant defense system. The reduction in biomass was highly obvious in sensitive cultivars, while TWC360 and TWC321 showed high Cd-tolerance. The cultivar TWC321 showed lower Cd uptake concurrently with an enhanced antioxidant defense system. Interestingly, TWC360 accumulated more Cd in the shoot, accompanied with increased Cd detoxification and sequestration. A principal component analysis revealed a clear separation between the sensitive and tolerant cultivars with significance of the antioxidant defenses, including superoxide dismutase (SOD). To confirm the involvement of SOD in Cd-tolerance, we studied the effect of Cd-stress on a transgenic maize line (TG) constitutively overexpressing AtFeSOD gene in comparison to its wild type (WT). Compared to their WT, the TG plants showed less Cd accumulation and improved growth, physiology, antioxidant and detoxification systems. These results demonstrate the role of SOD in determining Cd-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Mahmoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (A.M.); (H.A.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (A.M.); (H.A.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Badreldin A. Hamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (A.M.); (H.A.); (B.A.H.)
| | - Gerrit T.S. Beemster
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Nadia M. El-Shafey
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; (A.M.); (H.A.); (B.A.H.)
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11
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Youssef OA, Tammam AA, El-Bakatoushi RF, Alframawy AM, Emara MM, El-Sadek LM. Uptake of hematite nanoparticles in maize and their role in cell cycle dynamics, PCNA expression and mitigation of cadmium stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:1177-1189. [PMID: 34374200 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium toxicity is considered a major threat to several crops worldwide. Hematite nanoparticles (NPs), due to their small size and large specific surface area, could be applied as an adsorbent for toxic heavy metals in soil. Also, they serve as an efficient nano-fertilizer, promoting Fe availability and biomass production in plants, thus enabling Cd2+ -induced stress tolerance. The phytotoxicity of five different concentrations of hematite NPs, ranging from 500 to 8,000 mg·kg-1 , and Cd2+ concentrations (110 or 130 mg·kg-1 Cd2+ ) alone or combined with 500 mg·kg-1 NPs was evaluated in maize. The changes in fresh weight, element analysis, cell cycle regulation, DNA banding patterns and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression were used as biomarkers. The results revealed that increased fresh weight and fewest polymorphic DNA bands were detectable after treatment with 500 mg·kg-1 NPs. However, at 8,000 mg·kg-1 NPs, PCNA expression increased significantly, which resulted in cell cycle arrest at the G1/S checkpoint in roots. Significant reductions in fresh weight, altered nutrient profiles and cell cycle perturbations are considered symptoms of Cd2+ toxicity in maize. Conversely, amending 500 mg·kg-1 NPs with 130 mg·kg-1 Cd2+ increased fresh weight, Fe concentration and genomic template stability, while reducing Cd2+ uptake and PCNA1 expression. Overall, 8,000 mg·kg-1 hematite NPs interfered with the cellular homeostatic balance of maize, resulting in a cascade of genotoxic events, leading to growth inhibition. Although 500 mg·kg-1 hematite NPs alleviated Cd2+ -induced DNA damage to a certain extent, their impact on cell cycle progression requires further verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Youssef
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Camp Caesar, 21525, Egypt
| | - A A Tammam
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Camp Caesar, 21525, Egypt
| | - R F El-Bakatoushi
- Biology and Geology Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, El-shatby, 526, Egypt
| | - A M Alframawy
- Nucleic Acids Research Department, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City for Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Borg El-Arab, 21933, Egypt
| | - M M Emara
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Ibrahimia, 21321, Egypt
| | - L M El-Sadek
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Camp Caesar, 21525, Egypt
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12
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Wang QY, Hu NW, Yu HW, Wang QR, Liu YX, Yue J, Hu B. Do freeze-thaw cycles affect the cadmium accumulation, subcellular distribution, and chemical forms in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)? ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:112952. [PMID: 34736033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To date, although there are many studies investigating the toxicity of heavy metal to plant, little research exists in the seasonal freeze-thaw (FT) regions where FT cycles often happen during the plant growing process. To reveal the adaptive mechanisms of plants to the combination stresses of cadmium (Cd) and FT, the Cd accumulation, subcellular distribution, chemical forms, and antioxidant enzyme activity (peroxidase (POD)) were investigated in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) growing under different soil Cd levels (i.e., 0.10 mg Cd kg-1 soil (low), 1.21 mg Cd kg-1 soil (medium), and 2.57 mg Cd kg-1 soil (high)). Compared to the non-freeze-thaw (NFT) treatments, higher Cd concentrations in the root and lower translocation factors from root to leaf were found for the plants experiencing FT cycles. FT significantly decreased the Cd concentrations in the leaves under the low- and medium-Cd treatments, while similar values were found for the high-Cd treatments. Generally, FT could decrease the concentrations and proportions of Cd stored in the cell wall and soluble fractions and increase them in the organelle fractions for the medium- and high-Cd treatments, while opposite tendency was found for the low-Cd treatments. Moreover, larger Cd amounts in the inorganic and water-soluble forms were found for the low- and medium-Cd treated plants under FT, while lower values were found for the high-Cd treatments. Additionally, POD, which presented higher activities at the low- and medium-Cd treatments and lower activities at the high-Cd treatments under FT, were also significantly influenced by the Cd × FT interaction. This study indicated that FT could significantly change the accumulations of Cd in plant, and it provided a new insight into the Cd accumulation by plants in the seasonal FT region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Nai-Wen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Hong-Wen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Qi-Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Yu-Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jing Yue
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Bo Hu
- Agricultural Technology and Extension Center of Jilin Province, Changchun 130033, China.
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13
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Yeboah A, Lu J, Gu S, Liu H, Shi Y, Amoanimaa-Dede H, Agyenim-Boateng KG, Payne J, Yin X. Evaluation of two wild castor (Ricinus communis L.) accessions for cadmium tolerance in relation to antioxidant systems and lipid peroxidation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:55634-55642. [PMID: 34142320 PMCID: PMC8494669 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14844-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to assess the effect of toxicity of cadmium (Cd) on growth, tolerance index (TI), antioxidant activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in two contrasting wild castor accessions (16-024 and S2-4) via hydroponic experiment (0 and 100 mg/L Cd). The results showed that Cd significantly reduced the growth rate, seedling height, root length, and shoot length of the castor accessions compared to the control, with the Cd effect being more severe in S2-4 than in 16-024. In addition, biomass response including the root and shoot fresh weight and root dry weight decreased in both accessions compared to the control. Compared to the control group, the shoot dry weight of accession S2-4 declined by 21.7%, whereas there was no change in 16-024, suggesting a level of tolerance in 16-024. Analysis of TI on all the growth parameters and biomass content revealed that accession 16-024 was highly tolerant to Cd stress than S2-4. The results further revealed that the expression of the antioxidant enzymes, viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), non-enzymatic antioxidant, glutathione, and MDA content, was influenced by genotype. S2-4 exhibited a higher antioxidant activity (SOD, CAT) and lipid peroxidation activity than 16-024, indicative of oxidative damage from Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akwasi Yeboah
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiannong Lu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuailei Gu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yuzhen Shi
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hanna Amoanimaa-Dede
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | | | - Joseph Payne
- Department of Biotechnology, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Xuegui Yin
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
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14
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Hussain MK, Aziz A, Ditta HMA, Azhar MF, El-Shehawi AM, Hussain S, Mehboob N, Hussain M, Farooq S. Foliar application of seed water extract of Nigella sativa improved maize growth in cadmium-contaminated soil. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254602. [PMID: 34252121 PMCID: PMC8274843 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread heavy metal, which commonly exert negative impacts on agricultural soils and living organisms. Foliar application of seed water extract of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) can mitigate the adverse impacts of Cd-toxicity in plants through its rich antioxidants. This study examined the role of seed water extracts of N. sativa (NSE) in mitigating the adverse impacts of Cd-toxicity on maize growth. Two maize genotypes (synthetic ‘Neelum’ and hybrid ‘P1543’) were grown under 0, 4, 8 and 12 mg Cd kg-1 soil. The NSE was applied at three different concentrations (i.e., 0, 10 and 20%) as foliar spray at 25 and 45 days after sowing. All Cd concentrations had no effect on germination percentage of both genotypes. Increasing Cd concentration linearly decreased root and allometric attributes, gas exchange traits and relative water contents of hybrid genotype. However, gas exchange traits of synthetic genotype remained unaffected by Cd-toxicity. Overall, hybrid genotype showed better tolerance to Cd-toxicity than synthetic genotype with better germination and allometric attributes and less Cd accumulation. Foliar application of NSE lowered negative effects of Cd-toxicity on all studied traits, except relative water contents. In conclusion, foliar application of NSE seemed a viable option to improve maize growth in Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abida Aziz
- Department of Botany, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Ahmed M. El-Shehawi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Noman Mehboob
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Mubshar Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shahid Farooq
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
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15
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Haider FU, Virk AL, Rehmani MIA, Skalicky M, Ata-ul-Karim ST, Ahmad N, Soufan W, Brestic M, Sabagh AEL, Liqun C. Integrated Application of Thiourea and Biochar Improves Maize Growth, Antioxidant Activity and Reduces Cadmium Bioavailability in Cadmium-Contaminated Soil. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:809322. [PMID: 35178057 PMCID: PMC8845445 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.809322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination of croplands jeopardizes sustainable crop production and human health. However, curtailing Cd transfer and mobility in the rhizosphere-plant system is challenging. Sole application of biochar (BC) and thiourea (TU) has been reported to restrain Cd toxicity and uptake in plants. However, the combined applications of BC and TU in mitigating the harmful effects of Cd on plants have not yet been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, this study attempts to explore the integrated impact of three maize stalk BC application rates [B 0 (0% w/w), B 1 (2.5% w/w), and B 2 (5% w/w)] and three TU foliar application rates [T 0 (0 mg L-1), T 1 (600 mg L-1), and T 2 (1,200 mg L-1)] in remediating the adverse effects of Cd on maize growth, development, and physiology. Results demonstrated that Cd concentration in soil inhibited plant growth by reducing leaf area, photosynthesis activity, and enhanced oxidative stress in maize. Nevertheless, BC and TU application in combination (B 2 T 2) improved the fresh biomass, shoot height, leaf area, and photosynthesis rate of maize plants by 27, 42, 36, and 15%, respectively, compared with control (B 0 T 0). Additionally, the oxidative stress values [malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and electrolyte leakage (EL)] were minimized by 26, 20, and 21%, respectively, under B 2 T 2 as compared with B 0 T 0. Antioxidant enzyme activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] were 81 and 58%, respectively, higher in B 2 T 2 than in B 0 T 0. Besides, the shoot and root Cd concentrations were decreased by 42 and 49%, respectively, under B 2 T 2 compared with B 0 T 0. The recent study showed that the integrated effects of BC and TU have significant potential to improve the growth of maize on Cd-contaminated soil by reducing Cd content in plant organs (shoots and roots).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasih Ullah Haider
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ahmad Latif Virk
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani
- Departmet of Agronomy, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani,
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Naeem Ahmad
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Walid Soufan
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Ayman E. L. Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, Egypt
- Ayman E. L. Sabagh,
| | - Cai Liqun
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Cai Liqun,
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16
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Waheed S, Ahmad R, Irshad M, Khan SA, Mahmood Q, Shahzad M. Ca 2SiO 4 chemigation reduces cadmium localization in the subcellular leaf fractions of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) under cadmium stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111230. [PMID: 32898815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal like cadmium (Cd) is inessential and highly toxic and is posing serious environmental problems for agriculture worldwide. Presence of Cd gives rise to several physiological and structural disorders that leads to reduction in growth and performance of agricultural plants. Evidence related to subcellular distribution and accumulation of Cd is still enigmatic. Experiment was conducted using hydroponic culture to examine the subcellular accumulation of Cd in Spinacia oleracea L. leaves under Cd stress (50 μM and 100 μM); moreover, the Cd toxicity alleviation using 5 mM silicon (Si) was investigated. Our findings suggest that fresh and dry biomass, shoot and root length, leaf area and length of leaf declined when exposed to Cd stress (50 μM and 100 μM); however, an increase was noticed when Cd treated plants were supplied with Si (5 mM). The content of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Fe2+ in apoplastic washing fluid and symplasm were found to be lower in plants treated with alone Cd, when compared to control. Higher Cd2+:Ca2+, Cd2+:Fe2+ and Cd2+:Mg2+ ratios were detected under cadmium stress in both apoplast and symplast of leaves which were lowered by the addition of 5 mM Si. The novelty of the current study is the detection of increased apoplastic and symplastic Cd concentration in aerial part (i.e., spinach leaves) under alone Cd treatment which was considerably reduced when supplied with Si. Moreover, a noticeable increase in spinach growth and beneficial ionic concentrations suggest that Si can ameliorate the Cd stress in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumail Waheed
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Rafiq Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irshad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Sabaz Ali Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Qaisar Mahmood
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060, Abbottabad, Pakistan.
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17
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Li C, Liu Y, Tian J, Zhu Y, Fan J. Changes in sucrose metabolism in maize varieties with different cadmium sensitivities under cadmium stress. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243835. [PMID: 33306745 PMCID: PMC7732117 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose metabolism contributes to the growth and development of plants and helps plants cope with abiotic stresses, including stress from Cd. Many of these processes are not well-defined, including the mechanism underlying the response of sucrose metabolism to Cd stress. In this study, we investigated how sucrose metabolism in maize varieties with low (FY9) and high (SY33) sensitivities to Cd changed in response to different levels of Cd (0 (control), 5, 10, and 20 mg L-1 Cd). The results showed that photosynthesis was impaired, and the biomass decreased, in both varieties of maize at different Cd concentrations. Cd inhibited the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SS) (sucrose synthesis), and stimulated the activities of acid invertase (AI) and SS (sucrose hydrolysis). The total soluble sugar contents were higher in the Cd-treated seedlings than in the control. Also, Cd concentrations in the shoots were higher in SY33 than in FY9, and in the roots were lower in SY33 than in FY9. The decreases in the photosynthetic rate, synthesis of photosynthetic products, enzyme activity in sucrose synthesis direction, and increases in activity in hydrolysis direction were more obvious in SY33 (the sensitive variety) than in FY9 (the tolerant variety), and more photosynthetic products were converted into soluble sugar in SY33 than in FY9 as the Cd stress increased. The transcript levels of the sugar transporter genes also differed between the two varieties at different concentrations of Cd. These results suggest that sucrose metabolism may be a secondary response to Cd additions, and that the Cd-sensitive variety used more carbohydrates to defend against Cd stress rather than to support growth than the Cd-tolerant variety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Shenyang Key Laboratory of Maize Genomic Selection Breeding, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jing Tian
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Shenyang Key Laboratory of Maize Genomic Selection Breeding, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanshu Zhu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Shenyang Key Laboratory of Maize Genomic Selection Breeding, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinjuan Fan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Shenyang Key Laboratory of Maize Genomic Selection Breeding, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- * E-mail:
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18
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Leng Y, Li Y, Wen Y, Zhao H, Wang Q, Li SW. Transcriptome analysis provides molecular evidences for growth and adaptation of plant roots in cadimium-contaminated environments. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 204:111098. [PMID: 32798749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a detrimental element that can be toxic to plants. The physiological and biochemical responses of plants to Cd stress have been extensively studied, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The present study showed that Cd severely inhibited the growth of roots and shoots and reduced plant biomass of mung bean seedlings. To further investigate the gene profiles and molecular processes in response Cd stress, transcriptome analyses of mung bean roots exposed to 100 μM Cd for 1, 5, and 9 days were performed. Cd treatment significantly decreased global gene expression levels at 5 and 9 d compared with the control. A total of 6737, 10279, and 9672 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the 1-, 5-, and 9-day Cd-treated root tissues compared with the controls, respectively. Based on the analysis of DEG function annotation and enrichment, a pattern of mung bean roots response to Cd stress was proposed. The processes detoxification and antioxidative defense were involved in the early response of mung bean roots to Cd. Cd stress downregulated the expressions of a series of genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis, cell division, DNA replication and repair, and photosynthesis, while genes involved in signal transduction and regulation, transporters, secondary metabolisms, defense systems, and mitochondrial processes were upregulated in response to Cd, which might be contributed to the improvement of plant tolerance. Our results provide some novel insights into the molecular processes for growth and adaption of mung bean roots in response to Cd and many candidate genes for further biotechnological manipulations to improve plant tolerance to heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Leng
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ya Wen
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shi-Weng Li
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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19
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Liu X, Yin L, Deng X, Gong D, Du S, Wang S, Zhang Z. Combined application of silicon and nitric oxide jointly alleviated cadmium accumulation and toxicity in maize. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 395:122679. [PMID: 32330780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination is a serious threat to plants and humans. Application of silicon (Si) or nitric oxide (NO) could alleviate Cd accumulation and toxicity in plants, but whether they have joint effects on alleviating of Cd accumulation and toxicity are not known. Therefore, the combined effect of Si and NO application on maize growth, Cd uptake, Cd transports and Cd accumulation were investigated in a pot experiment. Here, we reported that Cd stress decreased growth, caused Cd accumulation in plants. The combined application of Si and NO triggered a significant response in maize, increasing plant growth and reducing Cd uptake, accumulation, translocation and bioaccumulation factors under Cd stress. The grain Cd concentration was decreased by 66 % in the Si and NO combined treatment than Cd treatment. Moreover, the combined application of Si and NO reduced Cd health risk index in maize more effectively than either treatment alone. This study provided new evidence that Si and NO have a strong joint effect on alleviating the adverse effects of Cd toxicity by decreasing Cd uptake and accumulation. We advocate for supplement of Cd-contaminated soil with Si fertilizers and treatment of crops with NO as a practical approach to alleviating Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Lina Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Xiping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Di Gong
- Yan'an Forestry Investigation and Planning Institute, Yan'an, Shanxi, 716000, China.
| | - Sheng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Shiwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat/Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China.
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20
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Tang L, Hamid Y, Zehra A, Sahito ZA, He Z, Khan MB, Feng Y, Yang X. Comparative assessment of Brassica pekinensis L. genotypes for phytoavoidation of nitrate, cadmium and lead in multi-pollutant field. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 22:972-985. [PMID: 32524834 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1774498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Information is needed for comparative assessment and agronomic practices for phytoavoidation in multi-pollutant field. A field study was conducted to explore 97 Brassica pekinensis L. genotypes with permissible limit of contaminants growing in a severely Cd, moderately nitrate and slightly Pb multi-polluted field. Thirteen genotypes, i.e. KGZY, CXQW, CAIB, JINL, JQIN, JFEN, WMQF, XLSH, TAIK, BJXS, JUKA, XYJQ and GQBW, were identified with permissible limit for nitrate, Cd and Pb based on their resistance to heavy metal and nitrate accumulation in leaves when grown in co-contaminated soils. Furthermore, the correlation between essential and toxic elements concentrations in plant of B. pekinensis were inconsistent. Generally speaking, application of increasing Ca, K and S fertilizers in appropriate forms and dosages tended to increase the yield and quality of B. pekinensis cultivated in multi-pollutant field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yasir Hamid
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Afsheen Zehra
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Sahito
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenli He
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
| | - Muhammad Bilal Khan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Feng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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21
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Zehra A, Sahito ZA, Tong W, Tang L, Hamid Y, Wang Q, Cao X, Khan MB, Hussain B, Jatoi SA, He Z, Yang X. Identification of high cadmium-accumulating oilseed sunflower (Helianthus annuus) cultivars for phytoremediation of an Oxisol and an Inceptisol. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 187:109857. [PMID: 31683201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Forty oilseed sunflower cultivars were screened in two soil types for phytoremediation of Cd coupled with maximum biomass yield and oil production. Several cultivars exhibited a significant difference in biomass and yield with enhanced uptake in shoots and low accumulation in roots from two Cd-contaminated soil types, an Oxisol and an Iceptisol. The Transfer Factor of Cd was >1 in several cultivars in both soil types, where as a significant difference in phytoextraction of Cd was observed in the Oxisol (acidic soil), greater than in the Inceptisol (alkaline soil). The results revealed that of the 40 cultivars, S9178, Huanong 667in the Oxisol and cvs. DW 667, HN 667, Huanong 667 and 668F1 in the Inceptisol showed a high biomass, better yield and enhanced accumulation of Cd in the shoots but a lesser accumulation in oil. The screened cultivar S 9178 produced the greatest amount of oil (55.6%) with 77% oleic acid, which makes it suitable for human consumption. Cultivar Huanong 667 was found to be the highest accumulating cultivar in both soil types. It is therefore suggested that some sunflower cultivars do exhibit phytoremediation potential together with agro-production potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsheen Zehra
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, 75300, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Sahito
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Wenbin Tong
- Technical Extension Station of Soil Fertilizer and Rural Energy, Qujiang, Quzhou, 324000, PR China
| | - Lin Tang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yasir Hamid
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Xuerui Cao
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Muhammad Bilal Khan
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Bilal Hussain
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Shakeel Ahmed Jatoi
- Plant Genetic Resources Institute, National Agriculture Research, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Zhenli He
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, Florida, 34945, United States
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
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22
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Azhar M, Zia Ur Rehman M, Ali S, Qayyum MF, Naeem A, Ayub MA, Anwar Ul Haq M, Iqbal A, Rizwan M. Comparative effectiveness of different biochars and conventional organic materials on growth, photosynthesis and cadmium accumulation in cereals. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:72-81. [PMID: 30981972 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Although biochar and conventional organic materials have been widely studied for lowering cadmium (Cd) uptake by plants but information regarding their comparative effectiveness is lacking. In this study, biochars from different feedstocks viz. rice husk biochar (RHB), cotton sticks biochar (CSB) and wheat straw biochar (WSB) were compared with conventional organic materials viz. farm manure (FM), poultry manure (PM) and press mud (PrMd) for their effectiveness to promote plant growth and to reduce Cd uptake by wheat and rice plants grown rotationally in a Cd-spiked (50 mg kg-1) soil. Each amendment was applied at the rate of 2% (w/w) in three replicates. Results showed that the application of amendments improved the soil properties and plant growth, by retaining Cd in the soil and restricting its uptake by plants. The amendments decreased the ammonium bicarbonate diethylene penta acetic acid extractable soil Cd, and improved soil organic carbon (SOC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) as compared to only Cd-contaminated soil. The highest SOC content of 2.68 and 1.68% and CEC of 8.77 and 9.39 cmolc kg-1 were found in RHB treated post-wheat and post-rice soil, respectively. Amendments treated soil showed lower concentrations of bioavailable Cd and the maximum reduction was recorded in RHB and PrMd amended soil. Similarly, bioaccumulation of Cd was decreased with the application of all amendments; the maximum decrease was recorded in RHB and PrMd treated soil. Our results suggested that RHB and PrMd could be used for reducing the bioaccumulation of Cd in cereal grains in alkaline soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azhar
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq Qayyum
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Asif Naeem
- Soil and Environmental Sciences Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashar Ayub
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Anwar Ul Haq
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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23
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Guo J, Qin S, Rengel Z, Gao W, Nie Z, Liu H, Li C, Zhao P. Cadmium stress increases antioxidant enzyme activities and decreases endogenous hormone concentrations more in Cd-tolerant than Cd-sensitive wheat varieties. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 172:380-387. [PMID: 30731269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The different wheat varieties have different tolerance to cadmium stress, while the mechanisms underlying the Cd tolerance are still poorly understood. A pot experiment was conducted to study the changes of antioxidant enzyme activities and endogenous hormones in wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes differing in cadmium (Cd) accumulation (low = Pingan 8 and high = Bainong 160) in different growth stages under Cd stress. The Cd treatment (3 mg/kg) increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) and concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and abscisic acid (ABA); in contrast, it reduced the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) and the concentrations of gibberellin (GA3), auxin (IAA) and zeatin nucleoside (ZR) in wheat leaves compared to the CK (without Cd). The antioxidant enzyme activities were higher in Bainong 160 than Pingan 8 under Cd stress. In addition, the changes in endogenous hormone concentration were smaller in Bainong 160 than Pingan 8 leaves. The correlation coefficients of Bainong 160 and Pingan 8 were 0.87 and 0.66, respectively. Our results suggest that high Cd accumulation (greater Cd tolerance) in Bainong 160 is associated with higher photosynthetic parameters, higher activities of antioxidant enzyme and higher concentration of hormones than Pingan 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Shiyu Qin
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zed Rengel
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Perth 6000, Australia
| | - Wei Gao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhaojun Nie
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hongen Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chang Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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24
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Rizwan M, Ali S, Zia Ur Rehman M, Adrees M, Arshad M, Qayyum MF, Ali L, Hussain A, Chatha SAS, Imran M. Alleviation of cadmium accumulation in maize (Zea mays L.) by foliar spray of zinc oxide nanoparticles and biochar to contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 248:358-367. [PMID: 30818115 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Due to the increase in area of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils worldwide, effective measures are necessary to minimize the Cd accumulation in cereals including maize (Zea mays L.) plant. A study was therefore performed to explore the effectiveness of foliar spray of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle (NPs) alone (0, 50, 75, 100 mg/L) or combined with soil application of biochar (1.0% w/w) on biomass, antioxidant enzyme activity and Cd concentrations in maize plants grown on a Cd-contaminated soil. The results depicted that ZnO NPs alone or in combination with biochar improved the height of maize plants, number of leaves, shoot and roots dry biomass, chlorophyll concentrations and gas exchange attributes. All the amendments reduced the electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide contents while improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaf and roots of maize over the control. The application of 50, 75 and 100 mg/L ZnO NPs reduced the Cd contents in shoots by about 12%, 23, and 61%, and in roots by 18%, 33%, and 53%, respectively, over the control. The Cd concentrations in shoot decreased by 15%, 28%, and 68% and in roots by 14%, 35, and 55% after biochar combined with foliar spray of 50, 75 and 100 mg/L ZnO NPs, respectively. All the amendments improved the Zn concentrations in maize shoots and roots whereas reduced the soil bioavailable Cd. Overall, biochar combined with foliar spray of ZnO NPs could be recommended for safely growing the crops on Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adrees
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Institute of Environmental Sciences & Engineering (IESE), National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq Qayyum
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences & Technology Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan
| | - Liaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Ali Shahid Chatha
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan
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25
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Tang L, Hamid Y, Zehra A, Sahito ZA, He Z, Hussain B, Gurajala HK, Yang X. Characterization of fava bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes for phytoremediation of cadmium and lead co-contaminated soils coupled with agro-production. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:190-198. [PMID: 30605848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The identification of high yield genotypes that are capable of accumulating multiple heavy metals in the non-edible parts (roots and shoots), but not in the edible parts (seeds) and have desired nutritional value is necessary for accomplishing phytoremediation coupled with agro-production. In this study, 17 fava bean genotypes were screened in two different field conditions to examine their phytoremediation potential in terms of uptake and translocation of Cd and Pb. Ten genotypes, LBAO, JNJX, DCAN, QXCJ, QIKM, LXYC, YDL6, RBCD, QPID and ZHW6 were found as the best accumulators for Cd and Pb with permissible limit of metals in seeds. The concentration of plant nutrients were genotype and soil type dependent and there was a significant correlation between these two factors. Furthermore, the three genotypes DCAN, LBAO and LXYC showed best performance in alluvial soil type while QPID, RBCD and LXYC were the best in red soil type. Genotype LXYC was similar for both soil types and appeared to be the best fit for phytoremediation coupled with agro-production for slightly or moderately Cd and Pb co-contaminated soil. Therefore, fava bean LXYC genotype is suggested as a potential candidate for phytoremediation of Cd/Pb co-contaminated soils coupled with agro-production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yasir Hamid
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Afsheen Zehra
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China; Department of Botany, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zulfiqar Ali Sahito
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenli He
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, United States
| | - Bilal Hussain
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanumanth Kumar Gurajala
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Zeng Q, Ling Q, Hu F, Wu J, Yang Z, Qi Y, Li Q. Genotypic Differences in Growth and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities Under Cadmium Stress in Sugarcane. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2017; 99:607-613. [PMID: 28975364 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-017-2185-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the genotypic differences of sugarcane in response to cadmium (Cd) stress, the growth, Cd content, antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline in the leaves of five sugarcane varieties were investigated under normal and Cd-contaminated soil at 90 days after treatment (DAT). Height, diameter, and biomass significantly decreased in all varieties under Cd stress, with the greatest reduction in HOCP07-613 and less effects on YT666 and YT94-128. The Cd content in sugarcane markedly increased under Cd stress. Cd stress induced a significant increase in MDA contents in HOCP07-613 and ROC22 at 90 DAT and a greater increase in proline content in YT94-128 and YT666. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were affected by Cd stress in four varieties (excluding YT666). The increase in SOD and APX activities in the early stage of Cd stress (30 DAT) might help alleviate oxidative stress in sugarcane. These results suggested that the different responses of antioxidant systems to Cd stress might affect Cd tolerance of sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoying Zeng
- Guangdong Key Lab of Sugarcane Improvement and Biorefinery, Guangdong Provincial Bioengineering Institute, Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510316, China.
| | - Qiuping Ling
- Guangdong Key Lab of Sugarcane Improvement and Biorefinery, Guangdong Provincial Bioengineering Institute, Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Fei Hu
- Guangdong Key Lab of Sugarcane Improvement and Biorefinery, Guangdong Provincial Bioengineering Institute, Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Jiayun Wu
- Guangdong Key Lab of Sugarcane Improvement and Biorefinery, Guangdong Provincial Bioengineering Institute, Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Zhanduan Yang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Sugarcane Improvement and Biorefinery, Guangdong Provincial Bioengineering Institute, Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Yongwen Qi
- Guangdong Key Lab of Sugarcane Improvement and Biorefinery, Guangdong Provincial Bioengineering Institute, Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Qiwei Li
- Guangdong Key Lab of Sugarcane Improvement and Biorefinery, Guangdong Provincial Bioengineering Institute, Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510316, China.
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27
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Li M, Hao P, Cao F. Glutathione-induced alleviation of cadmium toxicity in Zea mays. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 119:240-249. [PMID: 28917143 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is known to alleviate cadmium (Cd) stress in many plant species. However, the comprehensive mechanisms responsible for this effect in maize are still need more investigation. Here, a combination of physiological and molecular approaches was utilized in GSH-Cd treated maize seedlings, which revealed that GSH reversed the adverse effects of Cd, as reflected by plant growth, plant hormones, vacuole, stoma development, gene expression, etc. Plant growth, root cell viability, photosynthetic capacity, redox equilibrium, and cell ultrastructure recovery following GSH treatment, coupled with the strong up-regulation of Cd tolerance-related genes (e.g., phytochelatin synthetase-like protein, MYB and WRKY transcription factors, and CYP450), demonstrated the efficient activation of cellular defense against Cd toxicity. The addition of GSH significantly elevated GSH/GSSG ratio and the activity of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase in both shoots and roots and markedly reduced Cd concentration in shoots. Ethylene emission rate and abscisic acid (ABA) content were significantly reduced after GSH application in the presence of Cd, except ABA content in leaves. These findings highlighted the significance of GSH in alleviating Cd-stress in maize and indicate a promising strategy for safe food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Pengfei Hao
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Fangbin Cao
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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28
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Sulfur alleviates cadmium toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings by altering antioxidant levels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12892-017-0072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Rizwan M, Ali S, Qayyum MF, Ok YS, Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Abbas Z, Hannan F. Use of Maize (Zea mays L.) for phytomanagement of Cd-contaminated soils: a critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2017; 39:259-277. [PMID: 27061410 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9826-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) has been widely adopted for phytomanagement of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils due to its high biomass production and Cd accumulation capacity. This paper reviewed the toxic effects of Cd and its management by maize plants. Maize could tolerate a certain level of Cd in soil while higher Cd stress can decrease seed germination, mineral nutrition, photosynthesis and growth/yields. Toxicity response of maize to Cd varies with cultivar/varieties, growth medium and stress duration/extent. Exogenous application of organic and inorganic amendments has been used for enhancing Cd tolerance of maize. The selection of Cd-tolerant maize cultivar, crop rotation, soil type, and exogenous application of microbes is a representative agronomic practice to enhance Cd tolerance in maize. Proper selection of cultivar and agronomic practices combined with amendments might be successful for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils with maize. However, there might be the risk of food chain contamination by maize grains obtained from the Cd-contaminated soils. Thus, maize cultivation could be an option for the management of low- and medium-grade Cd-contaminated soils if grain yield is required. On the other hand, maize can be grown on Cd-polluted soils only if biomass is required for energy production purposes. Long-term field trials are required, including risks and benefit analysis for various management strategies aiming Cd phytomanagement with maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq Qayyum
- Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center and Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-701, Korea
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Fakhir Hannan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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30
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Berroukche A, Terras M, Labani A, Dellaoui H, Lansari W. Effects of interaction CdZn on serum-PSA level and prostate histology in rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Akhtar T, Zia-Ur-Rehman M, Naeem A, Nawaz R, Ali S, Murtaza G, Maqsood MA, Azhar M, Khalid H, Rizwan M. Photosynthesis and growth response of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids exposed to cadmium stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:5521-5529. [PMID: 28028706 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8246-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a biologically non-essential heavy metal while the cultivation of Cd-tolerant varieties/hybrids (V) seems the most promising strategy for remediation of Cd-contaminated soils. For this, 24-day-old seedlings of seven maize hybrids, DKC 65-25, DKC 61-25, DKC 919, 23-T-16, 32-B-33, 31-P-41, and Syn hybrid, were grown in hydroponic conditions for 21 additional days in various Cd concentrations (0, 5, 10, and 15 μM). Effects of variety, Cd, and their interaction were highly significant (p ≤ 0.05) for studied plant agronomic and physiological traits except the V × Cd interaction for leaf chlorophyll content, root-shoot length, and root dry weight. The Cd accumulation in root and shoot increased gradually with increasing Cd treatments while copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) uptake was decreased in all hybrids. The reduction in root and shoot biomass and Cd uptake was lower in 32-B-33 and 23-T-16 compared to other hybrids. The highest accumulation of Cu, Zn, and Mn was observed in 32-B-33, DK C65-25, and 31-P-41, respectively. The differential uptake and accumulation of Cd by maize hybrids may be useful in selection and breeding for Cd-tolerant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem Akhtar
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ur-Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asif Naeem
- Soil Science Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rab Nawaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamer Maqsood
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Azhar
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hinnan Khalid
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Yue R, Lu C, Qi J, Han X, Yan S, Guo S, Liu L, Fu X, Chen N, Yin H, Chi H, Tie S. Transcriptome Analysis of Cadmium-Treated Roots in Maize (Zea mays L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1298. [PMID: 27630647 PMCID: PMC5006096 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal and is highly toxic to all plant species. However, the underlying molecular mechanism controlling the effects of auxin on the Cd stress response in maize is largely unknown. In this study, the transcriptome produced by maize 'Zheng 58' root responses to Cd stress was sequenced using Illumina sequencing technology. In our study, six RNA-seq libraries yielded a total of 244 million clean short reads and 30.37 Gb of sequence data. A total of 6342 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were grouped into 908 Gene Ontology (GO) categories and 198 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes terms. GO term enrichment analysis indicated that various auxin signaling pathway-related GO terms were significantly enriched in DEGs. Comparison of the transcript abundances for auxin biosynthesis, transport, and downstream response genes revealed a universal expression response under Cd treatment. Furthermore, our data showed that free indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) levels were significantly reduced; but IAA oxidase activity was up-regulated after Cd treatment in maize roots. The analysis of Cd activity in maize roots under different Cd and auxin conditions confirmed that auxin affected Cd accumulation in maize seedlings. These results will improve our understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms underlying the response to Cd stress in maize roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runqing Yue
- Food Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou, China
- The Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyZhengzhou, China
| | - Caixia Lu
- Food Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou, China
- The Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyZhengzhou, China
| | - Jianshuang Qi
- Food Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou, China
- The Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyZhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Han
- Food Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou, China
- The Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyZhengzhou, China
| | - Shufeng Yan
- Food Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou, China
- The Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyZhengzhou, China
| | - Shulei Guo
- Food Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou, China
- The Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyZhengzhou, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Food Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou, China
- The Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyZhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolei Fu
- Food Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou, China
- The Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyZhengzhou, China
| | - Nana Chen
- Food Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou, China
- The Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyZhengzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Yin
- Food Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou, China
- The Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyZhengzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Chi
- Food Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou, China
- The Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyZhengzhou, China
| | - Shuanggui Tie
- Food Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou, China
- The Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Maize BiologyZhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shuanggui Tie,
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Anjum SA, Tanveer M, Hussain S, Bao M, Wang L, Khan I, Ullah E, Tung SA, Samad RA, Shahzad B. Cadmium toxicity in Maize (Zea mays L.): consequences on antioxidative systems, reactive oxygen species and cadmium accumulation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:17022-30. [PMID: 26122572 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4882-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Increased cadmium (Cd) accumulation in soils has led to tremendous environmental problems, with pronounced effects on agricultural productivity. Present study investigated the effects of Cd stress imposed at various concentrations (0, 75, 150, 225, 300, 375 μM) on antioxidant activities, reactive oxygen species (ROS), Cd accumulation, and productivity of two maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars viz., Run Nong 35 and Wan Dan 13. Considerable variations in Cd accumulation and in behavior of antioxidants and ROS were observed under Cd stress in both maize cultivars, and such variations governed by Cd were concentration dependent. Exposure of plant to Cd stress considerably increased Cd concentration in all plant parts particularly in roots. Wan Dan 13 accumulated relatively higher Cd in root, stem, and leaves than Run Nong 35; however, in seeds, Run Nong 35 recorded higher Cd accumulation. All the Cd toxicity levels starting from 75 μM enhanced H2O2 and MDA concentrations and triggered electrolyte leakage in leaves of both cultivars, and such an increment was more in Run Nong 35. The ROS were scavenged by the enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase in response to Cd stress, and these antioxidant activities were higher in Wan Dan 13 compared with Run Nong 35 at all Cd toxicity levels. The grain yield of maize was considerably reduced particularly for Run Nong 35 under different Cd toxicity levels as compared with control. The Wan Dan 13 was better able to alleviate Cd-induced oxidative damage which was attributed to more Cd accumulation in roots and higher antioxidant activities in this cultivar, suggesting that manipulation of these antioxidants and enhancing Cd accumulation in roots may lead to improvement in Cd stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Ahmad Anjum
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 48000, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 48000, Pakistan
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Mingchen Bao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Longchang Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 48000, Pakistan
| | - Ehsan Ullah
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 48000, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Atta Tung
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Rana Abdul Samad
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Babar Shahzad
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
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She W, Zhu S, Jie Y, Xing H, Cui G. Expression profiling of cadmium response genes in ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.) root. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2015; 94:453-9. [PMID: 25724673 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1502-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Ramie (Boehmeria nivea), a perennial herb belongs to Urticaceae family, is a rapid growth and high biomass crop with highly tolerant and accumulative to heavy metals. However, the gene expression and regulation caused by cadmium (Cd) in ramie has not been well studied. In the present study, a gene expression database of ramie root in the absence (control) or presence of 100 μM Cd was established. Solexa high-throughput sequencing technology showed that 3,654,395 and 3,572,333 tags have been obtained from control and Cd treatment respectively. In total, 3887 genes were detected with significant differential expression levels, in which 2883 genes were up-regulated and 1004 genes were down-regulated. Gene ontology and pathway-based analyses were performed to determine and further to understand the biological functions of those differentially expressed genes. Fifteen genes were selected and their expression levels were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR, and twelve of them showed consistent expression patterns with the digital gene expression data. Results on these expression profiling of genes lay the basis for biotechnological modification of new transgenic plants with improved phytoremediation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei She
- Ramie Research Institute, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
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