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Liang Y, Cao Z, Wang J, Jie Y, Liu H, He B, Wang J. Effects of sanxan on water and ice crystal status of salt free frozen cooked noodles during freeze-thaw cycles. Food Chem 2024; 448:139137. [PMID: 38569406 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
This study compared four biocolloids (sanxan, xanthan gum, curdlan, and guar gum) in different concentrations to replace NaCl in improving the recooking quality of salt free frozen cooked noodles (SF-FCNs). Sanxan outperformed NaCl and other biocolloids significantly improving the firmness (21.0%), chewiness (63.5%), and toughness (15.4%) of SF-FCNs after 10 freeze-thaw (FT) cycles. The results of the freezing-thawing curves showed SF-FCNs had prior FT stability when sanxan was added at 1.2%. Subsequently, the result of differential scanning calorimetry and nuclear magnetic resonance revealed sanxan reduced the content and mobility of freezable water while increasing the content of bound water. The scanning electron microscope, mercury intrusion, and optical microscopy analyses indicated that sanxan reduced the size and volume of ice crystals and the structural damage of SF-FCNs by controlling the water. The work contributes to a theoretical framework for enhancing SF-FCNs quality through precise water and ice crystal control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhihui Cao
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yangyi Jie
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Baoshan He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jinshui Wang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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2
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Chen X, Wang G, Li N, Chang R, Zhang T, Mao T, Song C, Huang K. Nitrogen dynamics of alpine swamp meadows are less responsive to climate warming than that of alpine meadows. Sci Total Environ 2024; 928:172446. [PMID: 38621528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The freeze-thaw cycle mediates permafrost soil hydrothermal status, nitrogen (N) mineralization, and loss. Furthermore, it affects root development and competition among nitrophilic and other species, shaping the pattern of N distribution in alpine ecosystems. However, the specific N dynamics during the growing season and N loss during the non-growing season in response to climate warming under low- and high-moisture conditions are not well documented. Therefore, we added 15N tracers to trace the fate of N in warmed and ambient alpine meadows and alpine swamp meadows in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. During the growing season, warming increased 15N recovery (15Nrec) in shoots of K. humilis, litters, 0-5 and 5-20 cm roots in the alpine meadow by 149.94 % ± 52.87 %, 114.58 % ± 24.43 %, 61.11 % ± 32.27 %, and 97.12 % ± 42.92 %, respectively, while increased 15Nrec of litters by 151.55 % ± 27.06 % in the alpine swamp meadow. During the non-growing season, warming reduced 15N stored in roots by 486.77 % ± 57.90 %, though increased the 15N recovery in 5-20 cm soil depth by 76.68 % ± 39.42 % in the alpine meadow, whereas it did not affect N loss during the non-growing season in the alpine swamp meadow. Overall, warming promoted N utilization by increasing the plant N pool during the growing season, and enhanced root N loss and downward migration during the non-growing season due to the freeze-thaw process, which may result in fine root turnover and cell destruction releasing N in the alpine meadow. Conversely, the N dynamics of alpine swamp meadows were less responsive to climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Chen
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Genxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Na Li
- Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruiying Chang
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tianxu Mao
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chunlin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Kewei Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Basin Water Security, Changjiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430010, China
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3
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Liu Y, Wang X, Wen Y, Cai H, Song X, Zhang Z. Effects of freeze-thaw cycles on soil greenhouse gas emissions: A systematic review. Environ Res 2024; 248:118386. [PMID: 38316387 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
In the context of global warming, increasingly widespread and frequent freezing and thawing cycles (FTCs) will have profound effects on the biogeochemical cycling of soil carbon and nitrogen. FTCs can increase soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by reducing the stability of soil aggregates, promoting the release of dissolved organic carbon, decreasing the number of microorganisms, inducing cell rupture, and releasing carbon and nitrogen nutrients for use by surviving microorganisms. However, the similarity and disparity of the mechanisms potentially contributing to changes in GHGs have not been systematically evaluated. The present study consolidates the most recent findings on the dynamics of soil carbon and nitrogen, as well as GHGs, in relation to FTCs. Additionally, it analyzes the impact of FTCs on soil GHGs in a systematic manner. In this study, particular emphasis is given to the following: (i) the reaction mechanism involved; (ii) variations in soil composition in different types of land (e.g., forest, peatland, farmland, and grassland); (iii) changes in soil structure in response to cycles of freezing temperatures; (iv) alterations in microbial biomass and community structure that may provide further insight into the fluctuations in GHGs after FTCs. The challenges identified included the extension of laboratory-scale research to ecosystem scales, the performance of in-depth investigation of the coupled effects of carbon, nitrogen, and water in the freeze-thaw process, and analysis of the effects of FTCs through the use of integrated research tools. The results of this study can provide a valuable point of reference for future experimental designs and scientific investigations and can also assist in the analysis of the attributes of GHG emissions from soil and the ecological consequences of the factors that influence these emissions in the context of global permafrost warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-restoration, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang, 110044, China
| | - Xiaochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-restoration, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang, 110044, China
| | - Yujuan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-restoration, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang, 110044, China; Northeast Geological S&T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang, 110000, China; Key Laboratory of Black Soil Evolution and Ecological Effect, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shenyang, 110000, China.
| | - Haoxuan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-restoration, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang, 110044, China
| | - Xiaoming Song
- Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-restoration, Ministry of Education, Shenyang University, Shenyang, 110044, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- Sichuan Geological Environment Survey and Research Center, Sichuan, 610000, China.
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Zhao S, Hei M, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Wang H, Ma H, He H, Kang Z. Effect of low-frequency alternating magnetic fields on the physicochemical, conformational and rheological properties of myofibrillar protein after iterative freeze-thaw cycles. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131418. [PMID: 38582465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
In this work, the effects of low-frequency alternating magnetic fields (LF-AMF) on the physicochemical, conformational, and functional characteristics of myofibrillar protein (MP) after iterative freeze-thaw (FT) cycles were explored. With the increasing LF-AMF treatment time, the solubility, active sulfhydryl groups, surface hydrophobicity, emulsifiability, and emulsion stability of MP after five FT cycles evidently elevated and then declined, and the peak value was obtained at 3 h. Conversely, the moderate LF-AMF treatment time can significantly reduce the average particle size, carbonyl content, and endogenous fluorescence intensity of MP. The rheology results showed that various LF-AMF treatment times would elevate the G' value of MP after iterative FT cycles. The FTIR spectroscopy results suggested that LF-AMF influenced the secondary structure of MP after multiple FT cycles, resulting in a depression in α-helix content and an increment in β-folding proportion. Moreover, LF-AMF treatment induced the gradually lighter and wider myosin heavy chain bands of MP, implying that LF-AMF accelerated the degradation of macromolecular aggregates. Therefore, the LF-AMF treatment efficaciously ameliorates the structural and functional deterioration of MP after iterative FT cycles and could be used as a potential quality-improving technology in the frozen meat industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China; Research and Experimental Base for Traditional Specialty Meat Processing Techniques of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, PR China.
| | - Mengran Hei
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China; Research and Experimental Base for Traditional Specialty Meat Processing Techniques of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China; Research and Experimental Base for Traditional Specialty Meat Processing Techniques of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, PR China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China; Research and Experimental Base for Traditional Specialty Meat Processing Techniques of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China; Research and Experimental Base for Traditional Specialty Meat Processing Techniques of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, PR China
| | - Hanjun Ma
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China; Research and Experimental Base for Traditional Specialty Meat Processing Techniques of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, PR China
| | - Hongju He
- School of Food Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, PR China; Research and Experimental Base for Traditional Specialty Meat Processing Techniques of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, PR China
| | - Zhuangli Kang
- School of Tourism and Cuisine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, PR China.
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5
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Rong H, He L, Tong M. Transport and release behaviors of PFOA in saturated and unsaturated porous media with biochar amendment. Environ Pollut 2024; 346:123616. [PMID: 38382729 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The widespread usage of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in daily consumer products and its high mobility in porous media have resulted in ubiquitous contamination of PFOA in the natural environment. Developing techniques to immobilize and inhibit the transport of PFOA thus is critical to reduce its potential risks. In present study, biochar, one type of environmental-friendly material produced from cellulose, was utilized in porous media to test its addition on inhibiting the transport and release of PFOA before and after aging process. We found that although PFOA had high mobility in saturated/unsaturated porous media, biochar addition could significantly inhibit PFOA transport in porous media with different saturations due to its high adsorption capacity towards PFOA. The inhibited transport of PFOA by biochar also held true in solution with copresence of natural organic matter and in actual river water. Moreover, we found that negligible PFOA was released from porous media with biochar amendment even after exposure to freeze-thaw/dry-wet treatment. PFOA adsorbed onto biochar could be completely desorbed and the biochar could be reused for subsequent cycles after desorption. Clearly, amendment of porous media with biochar would be a feasible and cost-effective method to immobilize PFOA in natural environment and reduce its environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Rong
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Lei He
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Meiping Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China.
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Jiang H, Han H, Liu X, Wang E, Fu Q, Luo J. Effect of repeated freeze-thaw cycles on mechanical properties of clay. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27261. [PMID: 38468927 PMCID: PMC10926140 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the variation in the mechanical properties of clay under freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs), a series of experiments were conducted in the laboratory. Samples with different water contents and dry densities were subjected to FTCs ranging from 0 to 11 times. Then, cohesion, shear strength, internal friction angle and elastic modulus were obtained using triaxial test. The results show that with the increase in the number of FTCs, the shear strength, cohesion and elastic modulus decreased, while the internal friction angle increased slightly. However, the variation in the internal friction angle is not obvious, and the maximum increment is within 4°. The cohesion exhibited the most decrease after the first freeze-thaw action. Besides, under a same number of FTCs, four mechanical properties are significantly affected by water content and dry density. The shear strength, cohesion, elastic modulus and internal friction angle decrease with water content while increasing with dry density. Additionally, the elastic modulus is associated with confining pressure, which increases with confining pressure. This study provides evidence for the variation in mechanical properties of the soils subjected to FTCs and guides the design and construction of the cold regional engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqiang Jiang
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hongwei Han
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xingchao Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Enliang Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Wan W, Li W, Sun L, Liu H, Xia X. Effects of freeze-thaw cycles on in-vitro digestive properties of myofibrillar protein in mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), based on protein degradation, oxidation, and structural properties. Food Chem 2024; 436:137662. [PMID: 37832412 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The in-vitro digestive properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) in mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) after freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles were analyzed in terms of the relationship between protein degradation, oxidation, and structural properties. The F-T samples exhibited a significant increase in glucosidase activity, N-acetyl-β-d-glucosidase activity, total protease activity, and non-protein nitrogen content. α-aminoadipate semialdehyde and γ-glutamate semialdehyde contents increased by 23.17% and 123.12%, respectively. Furthermore, 53.97% decrease in the total nitrogen content and changes in the content of different soluble proteins were observed. X-ray diffraction intensity, thermal stability, free amine content, hydrolysis degree, and digestibility of the MP samples decreased, and the 2θ angle and zeta potential were reversed. Besides, changes in the amide band wavenumbers were also detected. Therefore, the protein structure was unfolded and aggregates were formed through degradation and oxidation induced by the F-T cycles, ultimately making the in-vitro digestion of MP difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wan
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1552 University Avenue, Madison WI 53726, USA
| | - Haotian Liu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
| | - Xiufang Xia
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
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8
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Ding S, Li S, Kong S, Li Q, Yang T, Nie Z, Zhao G. Changing of mechanical property and bearing capacity of strongly chlorine saline soil under freeze-thaw cycles. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6203. [PMID: 38485713 PMCID: PMC10940313 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56822-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Freeze-thaw cycles and compactness are two critical factors that significantly affect the engineering properties and safety of building foundations, especially in seasonally frozen regions. This paper investigated the effects of freeze-thaw cycles on the shear strength of naturally strongly chlorine saline soil with the compactness of 85%, 90% and 95%. Three soil samples with different compactness were made. Size and mass changes were measured and recorded during freeze-thaw cycles. Shear strength under different vertical pressures was determined by direct shear tests, and the cohesion and friction angle were measured and discussed. Microstructure characteristic changes of saline soil samples were observed using scanning electron microscopy under different freeze-thaw cycles. Furthermore, numerical software was used to calculate the subsoil-bearing capacity and settlement of the electric tower foundation in the Qarhan Salt Lake region under different freeze-thaw cycles. Results show that the low-density soil shows thaw settlement deformation, but the high-density soil shows frost-heaving deformation with the increase in freeze-thaw cycles. The shear strength of the soil samples first increases and then decreases with the increase in freeze-thaw cycles. After 30 freeze-thaw cycles, the friction angle of soil samples is 28.3%, 29.2% and 29.6% lower than the soil samples without freeze-thaw cycle, the cohesion of soil samples is 71.4%, 60.1% and 54.4% lower than the samples without freeze-thaw cycle, and the cohesion and friction angle of soil samples with different compactness are close to each other. Microstructural changes indicate that the freeze-thaw cycle leads to the breakage of coarse particles and the aggregation of fine particles. Correspondingly, the structure type of soil changes from a granular stacked structure to a cemented-aggregated system. Besides, the quality loss of soil samples is at about 2% during the freeze-thaw cycles. Results suggest that there may be an optimal compactness between 90 and 95%, on the premise of meeting the design requirements and economic benefits. This study can provide theoretical guidance for foundation engineering constructions in seasonally frozen regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Ding
- School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China
- Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
- China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Shaomin Li
- School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China
- Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sen Kong
- China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Qiuyang Li
- State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Company, Xi'ning, 810001, China
| | - Taohui Yang
- State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Company, Xi'ning, 810001, China
| | - Zhibao Nie
- China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Gaowen Zhao
- School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, China.
- Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering, Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China.
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9
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Zhang X, Zhao J, Yu Q, Chen J, Yu J, Fang Z, Qiu X. Double-edged effect of frequent freeze-thaw on the stability of zero-valent iron after heavy metal remediation. J Hazard Mater 2024; 465:132977. [PMID: 38008052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) cause dynamic microscale changes in ions and solvents. During freezing, heavy metals adsorbed on zero-valent iron (M-ZVI) and protons are excluded by ice crystals and concentrated in the liquid-like grain boundary region. The high proton concentration in this region leads to the dissolution of the passivation layer of ZVI. To assess the environmental risks of M-ZVI during FTCs, this study evaluated the stability of M-ZVI in this scenario from both microscale and macroscale perspectives. The results showed that the dissolution of the passivation layer had a dual effect on the stability of M-ZVI, which depends on the by-products of M-ZVI. The dissolution of the passivation layer was accompanied by the leaching of heavy metals, such as Ni-ZVI, but it also enhanced the reactivity of ZVI, causing it to re-react with desorbed heavy metals. The stability of Cr-ZVI and Cd-ZVI was improved due to frequent FTCs. Furthermore, changes in the surrounding environment (water dipole moment, ion concentration, etc.) of ZVI affected the crystallization of Fe oxides, increasing the content of amorphous Fe oxide. As low-crystallinity Fe oxides could facilitate ion doping, Ni2+ was doped into Fe3O4 lattice during FTCs, which reduced the mobility of heavy metals. Contrary to traditional views that freezing temperatures slow chemical reactions, this study provides new insights into the application of iron-based materials in cold environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Jialing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Qianqian Yu
- School of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jinyi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Junxia Yu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zhanqiang Fang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 51006, China
| | - Xinhong Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-Based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Industry Pollution Control, Wuhan 430205, China.
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10
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Wang Z, Cao C, Yu Q, Wang Q, Niu C, Shen J, Zhu K, Liu J, Han M, Fu H, Sun X, Xia W, Sun D, Shu H, Ji Y, Xue J, Shan X. Multi-scale failure mechanisms of hydraulic engineering exposed to seasonally frozen salinization environment: Integrating SBAS-InSAR and mechanical experiments. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169210. [PMID: 38097070 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Constructing hydraulic engineering ensures agricultural development and improves salinization environments. However, in seasonally frozen salinization regions, hydraulic engineering is prone to deformation failure. Leakage from canal raises the regional groundwater level, triggering secondary salinization environmental issues. Exploring the instability mechanisms is thus necessary for hydraulic engineering. Traditional deformation monitoring techniques and soil experiments are constrained by observation scale and timeliness. In this study, Sentinel-1B data from November 2017 to August 2019 were acquired. The small baseline subset (SBAS) InSAR approach was employed to interpret the seasonal deformation characteristics in both the vertical and slope directions of a damaged canal segment in Songyuan, Northeast China. The mechanical properties of saline-alkali soil under varying water contents were quantified by integrating unconfined compression experiment (UCE). In May, as the soil thawed downward, a frozen lenses with poor permeability formed at a depth of approximately 100 cm, causing the accumulation of meltwater and infiltrated precipitation between the frozen layer and the melting layer in the canal. The soil water content at a depth of 80 to 140 cm exceeded 22 %, reaching a threshold for rapid reduction in unconfined compression strength (UCS). Consequently, in spring, the low soil strength between the frozen layer and the melting layer resulted in interface sliding, with a displacement of -133.88 mm in the canal slope direction. Furthermore, the differential projection of freeze-thaw deformation in the slope direction caused continuous creep of the canal towards the free face, with a value of -23.27 mm, exacerbating the formation of the late spring landslide. Integrating InSAR and engineering geological analysis is beneficial for addressing deformation issues in hydraulic engineering. Ensuring the sustainable operation of hydraulic engineering holds important implications for mitigating the salinization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxi Wang
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Cao
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingbo Yu
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cencen Niu
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiejie Shen
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuanxing Zhu
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxia Han
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
| | - Huicheng Fu
- Water Conservancy and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Sun
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
| | - Weitong Xia
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Sun
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Shu
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaopeng Ji
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Xue
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehan Shan
- College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, People's Republic of China
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11
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Sun Y, Jones K, Sun Z, Shen J, Bu F, Ma F, Gu Q. Effects of freeze-thaw action on in vivo and in vitro bioavailability of arsenic in soils from derelict industrial sites. J Hazard Mater 2024; 464:132980. [PMID: 37979426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a metalloid with carcinogenic properties and has been classified as a Category I carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Freeze-thaw processes affect the migration and transformation of soil heavy metals, as well as adsorption/desorption and redox reactions. However, there is limited research directly addressing the impact of freeze-thaw processes on the bioavailability of soil heavy metals. In this study, we focused on As and selected As-contaminated soil samples from three types of legacy sites in heavy industrial areas. Under controlled freeze-thaw experimental conditions, we utilized both in vivo and in vitro bioavailability measurement methods to investigate whether and how freeze-thaw processes affect the bioavailability of soil As. The results of this study showed that freeze-thaw processes reduced soil pH (P < 0.05), CEC, SOM, and particle size, with decreases of 0.33, 1.2 cmol/kg, 5.2 g/kg, and 54 µm, respectively. It also increased weight specific surface area (BET) (P < 0.05), with an increase of 300 m2/kg. Freeze-thaw processes increased the proportions of exchangeable (P < 0.05), carbonate-bound, and iron-manganese oxide-bound As (P < 0.05), but reduced the proportions of organic-bound and residual As (P < 0.05). Freeze-thaw processes significantly increased the relative bioavailability and bioaccessibility of As, with increases of 32 ± 9.6% and 13 ± 0.23%, respectively. Soil pH, SOM, BET and electronic conductivity (EC) were identified as factors which could contribute to the increased bioavailability of As due to freeze-thaw processes. These results provide new insights and evidence for refining the assessment of human health risks associated with heavy metal contamination in polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Sun
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Kevin Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre (LEC), Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Zongquan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jialun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Fanyang Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Fujun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qingbao Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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12
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Li Z, Luo D, Ibrahim MM, Hou E, Wang C. Adaptive strategies to freeze-thaw cycles in branch hydraulics of tree species coexisting in a temperate forest. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 206:108223. [PMID: 38043252 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) limit the distribution and survival of temperate tree species. Tree species with different wood types coexist in temperate forests and are subjected to the same FTCs. It is essential to understand how these trees differentially cope with xylem hydraulic failure induced by FTCs in the field. The branch hydraulic traits and nonstructural carbohydrate concentration of six coexisting tree species in a temperate forest were measured from mid-winter to early spring when the FTCs occurred from January to April. The percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity (PLC) was lower, and the water potential inducing a 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity (P50) was more negative in tracheid trees than in ring- and diffuse-porous trees, suggesting tracheid trees with narrow tracheid diameters showed less vulnerable to embolism and provided a lower degree of hydraulic failure during FTCs (stronger resistance). Ring-porous trees always showed lower hydraulic conductivity and higher PLC and P50, and these traits did not change during FTCs, suggesting that they might lose the hydraulic functions in winter and abandon the last year xylem. The P50 in diffuse-porous increased after several FTCs (frost fatigue), but that in tracheid species continued to increase (or even decrease) until the end of FTCs (69 cycles), suggesting that tracheid trees were less sensitive to frost fatigue than diffuse-porous trees. Soluble sugar concentration in deciduous trees negatively correlated with PLC at the end of FTCs, indicating that the effect of soluble sugar on refilling embolism occurred in early spring. While the soluble sugar concentration of deciduous trees decreased, that of two evergreen tracheid trees gradually increased, possibly due to the winter photosynthesis of evergreen leaves. Our results suggest temperate trees adopt different strategies to cope with the same FTCs. These findings enrich the understanding of plant hydraulics and carbon physiology in winter and provide insights into the response of different species coexisting in temperate forests under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Li
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
| | - Dandan Luo
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Muhammed Mustapha Ibrahim
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Enqing Hou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Chuankuan Wang
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
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13
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Wang L, Dou Z, Ma C, Jia X, Wang H, Bao W, Wang L, Qu J, Zhang Y. Remediation of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) contaminated black soil by freeze-thaw aging biochar. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 135:681-692. [PMID: 37778838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a complex structure with high toxicity, is a common organic pollutant. This study investigated the effects of fresh biochar (FBC), and freeze-thaw cycled aged biochar (FTC-BC) on DEHP-contaminated soils using a pot experiment. The specific surface area of FBC increased from 145.20 to 303.50 m2/g, and oxygen-containing functional groups increased from 1.26 to 1.48 mol/g after freeze-thaw cycles, greatly enhancing the adsorption of DEHP by biochar in the soil. The comprehensive radar chart evaluation showed that FBC and FTC-BC reduced DEHP growth stress and improved the soil properties. Compared with FBC, FTC-BC performed better in protecting the normal growth of pakchoi and improving soil properties. In addition, the application of biochar increased the diversity and abundance of bacteria in the DEHP-contaminated soil and changed the composition of the soil bacterial community. The partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) showed that adding biochar as a soil remediation agent significantly positively impacted soil nutrients and indirectly reduced the DEHP levels in soil and plants by increasing soil microbial diversity. Compared with FBC, FTC-BC creates a more satisfactory living environment for microorganisms and has a better effect on the degradation of DEHP in the soil. This study provides a theoretical basis for future biochar remediation of DEHP-contaminated soils in cold high-latitude regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zeyu Dou
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chaoran Ma
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaochen Jia
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hongye Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wenjing Bao
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jianhua Qu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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14
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Yang J, Huang P, Sun B, Yang W, Ou C, Yuan C, Huang T, Wei H. Comparison of freezing and heating treatment sequence on biochemical properties and flavor of swimming crabs (Portunus Trituberculatus) meat during freeze-thaw cycles. Food Res Int 2024; 175:113758. [PMID: 38128998 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the effect of freezing and heating treatment sequences on the biochemical properties and flavor of crab (Portunus trituberculatus) meat during freeze-thaw cycles. The results showed that pH, color, K and microstructure changes in the H-F group were not significant with increasing number of freeze-thaw cycles, but TVB-N values increased and WHC values decreased. However, with the increase in the number of freeze-thaw cycles, pH and WHC significantly decreased and TVB-N, L* and K values significantly increased in the C and F-H groups. Proteins were degraded in all groups, but the lower degree of degradation occurred in the H-F group. Although the total free amino acid content decreased with increasing number of freeze-thaw cycles in each group, the high content of AMP and IMP in the H-F group suggested that it still had a better flavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China
| | - Peiyuan Huang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China
| | - Bolun Sun
- School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenge Yang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Changrong Ou
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chunhong Yuan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Ueda 3-18-8, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Tao Huang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Huamao Wei
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Protein Food Deep Processing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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15
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Zhang W, Jin D, Guo X, Qin X, Liu X. Geoenvironmental properties of a Cr(VI)-contaminated soil treated by alkali-activated GGBS under freeze-thaw cycles: Insights into Cr species transformation and microscopic mechanism. Sci Total Environ 2023; 903:166450. [PMID: 37634723 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Stabilization/solidification is the most frequently used method for treating soils contaminated by heavy metals; however, degradation of the treatment will occur under freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles. In this paper, a low-carbon emission by-product, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), was adopted as a binder to treat Cr(VI)-contaminated soil after alkali excitation. Built on the usage scenarios of subgrade materials, the impact of F-T cycles and initial water content on the geoenvironmental properties of the treated soils, including leaching toxicity, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), pH, Eh, and permeability, were discussed. To investigate the mechanisms of the changing properties, this study analyzed the chemical morphology of Cr, the micromorphology of the reaction products, and the pore characteristics. The results demonstrated that negative impact of F-T cycles on treatment effectiveness was low at the optimal water content. After 28 F-T cycles, the Cr(VI) component increased by 6.4 %, and the leached Cr concentration showed a significant increase, especially for specimens with low water content. A new solid phase with mixed valence Mn(III/IV), mainly composed of birnessite and manganite, was observed via microscopic analysis. During the first 3 F-T cycles, the content of hydration gel increased by 0.18 %, and the cumulative pore volume decreased such that the UCS increased by an average of 1.2 MPa. This study demonstrated that a few F-T cycles would result in a secondary alkali-activated GGBS reaction, enhancing the treatment effect. However, additional F-T cycles would create an oxidizing environment under which the initially precipitated Cr(III) would react with manganese oxide, resulting in more Cr(VI) released. The degree of reoxidation was closely related to the initial water content of the solidified soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- College of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Taizhou University, 318000 Taizhou, PR China.
| | - Dian Jin
- School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Xingzhang Guo
- Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiang'ao Qin
- School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiangning Liu
- School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, PR China
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16
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Chen Y, Dou Z, Zhou Z, Wang J. Volatilization behavior of diesel oil-water-glass bead system exposed to freeze-thaw cycles. Water Res 2023; 244:120433. [PMID: 37572461 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Volatilization plays an important role in the attenuation and redistribution of petroleum products in contaminated porous media. However, the volatilization behavior of petroleum products exposed to freeze-thaw cycles is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the volatilization behavior of diesel oil-water-glass bead systems under different freeze-thaw cycles. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) was used to quantitatively and spatially monitor the mass loss of the diesel oil-water-glass bead system during volatilization. The mechanism of the influence of freeze-thaw cycles on volatilization in the diesel oil-water-glass bead system was analyzed. The results show that the freeze-thaw cycles have a significant effect on the volatilization rate of diesel oil and water. As the number of freeze-thaw cycles increases, the volatilization rate of diesel oil shows an overall downward trend while the volatilization rate of water shows an overall upward trend. The volatilization loss of the liquids (both diesel oil and water) is mainly due to the volatilization loss of water, indicating that water is more volatile than diesel oil in the diesel oil-water system. The spatial distribution of the diesel oil signal monitored by LF-NMR showed that diesel oil volatilizes mainly in the upper layer of the sample, associating with the preferential volatilization loss in the large pores. The lumped parameter λ related to the characteristic volatilization length LV was introduced to characterize the volatilization rate of diesel oil and water with the increase of volatilization time. For a diesel oil-water-glass bead system exposed to freeze-thaw cycles, the 1/ LV of diesel oil decreases exponentially and rapidly with increasing volatilization time, while the 1/ LV of water decreases almost linearly and slowly with increasing volatilization time. This different dependence of 1/ LV on volatilization time leads to the individual volatilization behavior of diesel oil and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Chen
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098 China
| | - Zhi Dou
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098 China.
| | - Zhifang Zhou
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098 China
| | - Jinguo Wang
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098 China
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17
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Yang S, Zhang H, Hu Y, Jin H, Hu J, Li H, Lu M. Experimental study on remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil by combination of freeze-thaw and electro-osmosis. Environ Pollut 2023; 333:121989. [PMID: 37301452 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Electro-osmosis has been well recognized as a technique for the remediation of petroleum-contaminated soil, however seasonally freezing and thawing adds the complexity of petroleum mobility in cold regions. To investigate the influence of freeze-thaw on the electroosmotic removal of petroleum and explore the enhancement of freeze-thaw on the electroosmotic remediation efficiency in remediating the petroleum-contaminated soils, a set of laboratory tests were performed in three types of treatment modes, freeze-thaw (FT), electro-osmosis (EO) and freeze-thaw combined electro-osmosis (FE). The petroleum redistributions as well as the moisture content changes after the treatments were evaluated and compared. The petroleum removal rates of the three treatments were analyzed, and the underlying mechanisms were elaborated. The results indicated that the overall efficiency of the treatment mode regarding petroleum removal from soil followed the order of FE > EO > FT, corresponding to 54%, 36% and 21% in maximum, respectively. A considerable amount of water solution with surfactant was driven into contaminated soil during FT process, but the petroleum mobilization primarily occurred inside of the specimen. A higher remediation efficiency was yield in EO mode, but the induced dehydration and cracks leaded to the dramatical depression in the efficiency in further process. It is proposed that the petroleum removal is closely related to the flow of water solution with surfactant that is favorable to the solubility and mobilization of the petroleum in soil. Thus, the water migration induced by freeze-thaw cycles substantially improved the efficiency of the electroosmotic remediation in FE mode that gave the best performance for the remediation of the petroleum-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suiqiao Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China; Permafrost Institute, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China; State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, China.
| | - Yang Hu
- Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050, China
| | - Huijun Jin
- School of Civil Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China; Permafrost Institute, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China; State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, China
| | - Jintao Hu
- School of Civil Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China
| | - Hongchun Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China
| | - Ming Lu
- School of Civil Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China
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18
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Chen Y, Xu H, Luo Y, Ding Y, Huang J, Wu H, Han J, Du L, Kang A, Jia M, Xiong W, Yang Z. Plastic bottles for chilled carbonated beverages as a source of microplastics and nanoplastics. Water Res 2023; 242:120243. [PMID: 37354839 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Carbonated beverages are characterized by low temperatures, multiple microbubbles, high pressure, and an acidic environment, creating ideal conditions for releasing contaminants from plastic bottles. However, the release patterns of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are poorly understood. We investigated the effects of plastic type, CO2 filling volume, temperature, sugar content, and additive on the leakage of MPs/NPs and heavy metals. Our results showed that polypropylene bottles released greater MPs (234±9.66 particles/L) and NPs (9.21±0.73 × 107 particles/L) than polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate bottles. However, subjecting the plastic bottles to 3 repeated inflation treatments resulted in 91.65-93.18% removal of MPs/NPs. The release of MPs/NPs increased with increasing CO2 filling volume, driven by the synergistic effect of CO2 bubbles and pressure. After 4 freeze-thaw cycles, the release of MPs and NPs significantly increased, reaching 450±38.65 MPs and 2.91±0.10 × 108 NPs per liter, respectively. The presence of sugar leads to an elevation in MPs release compared to sucrose-free carbonated water, while the addition of additives to carbonated water exhibits negligible effects on MPs release. Interestingly, actual carbonated beverages demonstrated higher MPs concentrations (260.52±27.18-281.38±61.33 particles/L) than those observed in our well-controlled experimental setup. Our study highlights the non-negligible risk of MPs/NPs in carbonated beverages at low temperatures and suggests strategies to mitigate human ingestion of MPs/NPs, such as selecting appropriate plastic materials, high-pressure carbonated water pretreatment, and minimizing freeze-thaw cycles. Our findings provide insights for further study of the release patterns of the contaminants in natural environments with bubbles, pressure, low temperature, and freeze-thaw conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Haiyin Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Yuanling Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; Changsha Environmental Protection College, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Yuting Ding
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Junguo Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Honghui Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jianing Han
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Linjing Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Anqi Kang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Meiying Jia
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Weiping Xiong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhaohui Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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19
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Ramezanzadeh M, Slowinski S, Rezanezhad F, Murr K, Lam C, Smeaton C, Alibert C, Vandergriendt M, Van Cappellen P. Effects of freeze-thaw cycles on methanogenic hydrocarbon degradation: Experiment and modeling. Chemosphere 2023; 325:138405. [PMID: 36931401 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cold regions are warming much faster than the global average, resulting in more frequent and intense freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) in soils. In hydrocarbon-contaminated soils, FTCs modify the biogeochemical and physical processes controlling petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) biodegradation and the associated generation of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Thus, understanding the effects of FTCs on the biodegradation of PHCs is critical for environmental risk assessment and the design of remediation strategies for contaminated soils in cold regions. In this study, we developed a diffusion-reaction model that accounts for the effects of FTCs on toluene biodegradation, including methanogenic biodegradation. The model is verified against data generated in a 215 day-long batch experiment with soil collected from a PHC contaminated site in Ontario, Canada. The fully saturated soil incubations with six different treatments were exposed to successive 4-week FTCs, with temperatures oscillating between -10 °C and +15 °C, under anoxic conditions to stimulate methanogenic biodegradation. We measured the headspace concentrations and 13C isotope compositions of CH4 and CO2 and analyzed the porewater for pH, acetate, dissolved organic and inorganic carbon, and toluene. The numerical model represents solute diffusion, volatilization, sorption, as well as a reaction network of 13 biogeochemical processes. The model successfully simulates the soil porewater and headspace concentration time series data by representing the temperature dependencies of microbial reaction and gas diffusion rates during FTCs. According to the model results, the observed increases in the headspace concentrations of CH4 and CO2 by 87% and 136%, respectively, following toluene addition are explained by toluene fermentation and subsequent methanogenesis reactions. The experiment and the numerical simulation show that methanogenic degradation is the primary toluene attenuation mechanism under the electron acceptor-limited conditions experienced by the soil samples, representing 74% of the attenuation, with sorption contributing to 11%, and evaporation contributing to 15%. Also, the model-predicted contribution of acetate-based methanogenesis to total produced CH4 agrees with that derived from the 13C isotope data. The freezing-induced soil matrix organic carbon release is considered as an important process causing DOC increase following each freezing period according to the calculations of carbon balance and SUVA index. The simulation results of a no FTC scenario indicate that, in the absence of FTCs, CO2 and CH4 generation would decrease by 29% and 26%, respectively, and that toluene would be biodegraded 23% faster than in the FTC scenario. Because our modeling approach represents the dominant processes controlling PHC biodegradation and the associated CH4 and CO2 fluxes, it can be used to analyze the sensitivity of these processes to FTC frequency and duration driven by temperature fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ramezanzadeh
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Canada.
| | - Stephanie Slowinski
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Canada
| | - Fereidoun Rezanezhad
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Canada
| | - Kathleen Murr
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Canada
| | - Christina Lam
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Canada
| | - Christina Smeaton
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Clement Alibert
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Canada
| | - Marianne Vandergriendt
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Canada
| | - Philippe Van Cappellen
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Canada
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20
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Peng C, Gong K, Li Q, Liang W, Song H, Liu F, Yang J, Zhang W. Simultaneous immobilization of arsenic, lead, and cadmium in soil by magnesium-aluminum modified biochar: Influences of organic acids, aging, and rainfall. Chemosphere 2023; 313:137453. [PMID: 36464022 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium-aluminum modified biochar (MABs) has an outstanding effect on the simultaneous immobilization of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) in soil, but the stability of remediation effect of MAB under various natural conditions is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of organic acids, dry-wet cycles (DW), freeze-thaw cycles (FT), and rainfall (pH 4, 7, and 8) on the immobilization of As, Pb, and Cd by MAB. The results showed that oxalic acid decreased the immobilization efficiencies of As, Pb, and Cd by 15.5%-38.5%; meanwhile, humic acid reduced the immobilization efficiency of Pb by 89.7%, but elevated that of Cd by 19.5%. The immobilization mechanisms of MAB-5 on three metals were mainly involved in ion exchange and surface-complexation. Compared with the 7th round, the immobilization efficiencies of As, Pb, and Cd by MAB in the 28th round was decreased by 17%-28% in DW, but was increased by 11%-18% in FT. In addition, MAB was transformed into hydrotalcite after FT and DW. After experiencing simulated rainfall, MAB caused more As, Pb, and Cd to be retained in the upper soil layer, and the immobilization effect of MBA was more significant under the stimulated rainfall with higher pH. The study provides a more theoretical basis for the application of MAB in the actual site remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Peng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kailin Gong
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qiannan Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Weiyu Liang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Huihui Song
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Urban Soil Contamination Control and Remediation, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Urban Soil Contamination Control and Remediation, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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21
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Li M, He L, Hsieh L, Rong H, Tong M. Transport of plastic particles in natural porous media under freeze-thaw treatment: Effects of porous media property. J Hazard Mater 2023; 442:130084. [PMID: 36206711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Freeze-thaw (FT) cycles would alter physical and chemical properties of soil and thus influence the transport of plastic particles (one type of emerging contaminant with great concerns). This study was designed to investigate the effects of FT treatment on the mobility of plastic particles (nanoplastics as representative) in columns packed with natural soils (i.e. loamy sand and sandy soil, quartz sand employed as comparison). We found that FT treatment of different types of porous media would induce different transport behaviors of plastic particles. Specifically, FT treatment of quartz sand did not affect plastic particles mobility. While FT treatment of loamy sand and sandy soil increased plastic particles transport. The increased pore sizes and disintegration of small soil particles from soils (the detached soil would serve as mobile vehicle for the transport of plastic particle) led to the facilitated mobility of plastic particles in two types of soils after FT treatment. The presence of preferential flow paths induced by FT treatment also drove to the enhanced mobility of plastic particles in sandy soil with FT treatment. This study clearly showed that the mobility of model plastic particles in two types of natural soils was greatly enhanced by FT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China; Currently at Department of Forensic Science, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou 350007, PR China
| | - Lei He
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Lichun Hsieh
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Haifeng Rong
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Meiping Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
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22
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Mantilla I, Flanagan K, Muthanna TM, Blecken GT, Viklander M. Variability of green infrastructure performance due to climatic regimes across Sweden. J Environ Manage 2023; 326:116354. [PMID: 36435133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the context of increasing urbanization and global warming, there is a growing interest in the implementation of green infrastructure (GI) across different climates and regions. Identifying an appropriate GI design criteria is essential to ensure that the design is tailored to satisfy local environmental requirements. This article aims to compare the hydrological performance of GI facilities in eleven Swedish cities by isolating the effect of climatic conditions using an identical GI design configuration. Long-term simulations based on 23-years of meteorological time-series were used as inputs for the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) with Low Impact Development (LID) controls representing two types of facilities: a biofilter cell (BC) and a green roof. (GR). Large differences in potential annual and seasonal runoff retention were found between locations, driven mainly by the extent of winter/spring season, and the distribution of precipitation patterns (for BCs) and the sequence of rainy days-dry periods and evapotranspiration rates (for GRs). Winter/spring and summer demonstrated the highest/lowest differences between the seasons, results that suggest that implications for design might be aligned to the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation patterns, and runoff regimes generated by snowmelt and rain-on-snow events, in locations where snowmelt represent high portion of runoff generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mantilla
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Kelsey Flanagan
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Tone Merete Muthanna
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Godecke-Tobias Blecken
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Maria Viklander
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden.
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23
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Lu S, Li J, Xu M, Mu Y, Wen Y, Li H, Wang J, Sun B. The textural properties of cooked convenience rice upon repeated freeze-thaw treatments are largely affected by water mobility at grain level. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112254. [PMID: 36596165 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Brown rice (BR) is a promising source for convenience rice that are mostly stored frozen. However, freezing and thawing may cause deterioration in rice texture quality. To investigate how rice texture is influenced by freeze-thaw cycles, BR, the pretreated BR with partially ruptured bran layer (UER) and white rice (WR) were cooked and treated with repeated freeze-thaw cycles, with their textural properties, variations in moisture distribution and starch structure being measured. Results showed that the repeated freeze-thaw treatment induced a progressive reduction in hardness and stickiness of all cooked rice. The reduced hardness of rice could be explained by the enlarged pore size of starch inside rice under scanning electron microscopy. Moisture migration in WR was the fastest responding to multiply freeze-thaw cycles, followed by UER, while water mobility in BR was slowest. Moreover, WR, BR and UER resulted in a similar extent of amylopectin retrogradation and chains length distribution after repeated freeze-thaw cycles. It indicated similar and minor effect of starch variations on determining the texture of different rice samples against freeze-thawing. Water mobility tended to be a main factor leading to the textural difference of fully gelatinized rice samples. This study focused on the relationship between water distribution and starch retrogradation, providing a better understanding on influences of multiple freeze-thawing on textural quality of cooked rice maintaining different extents of surface layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Minghao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yifan Mu
- Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yangyang Wen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing 100048, China
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24
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Zhou J, Xiong J, Zhu J, Xie X, Ni J, Liu Y, Wang X. Effects of freeze-thaw cycles on nutrient removal from bioretention cells. J Environ Manage 2023; 325:116556. [PMID: 36283173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There have been numerous summaries of the runoff purification characteristics of bioretention cells in warm climates. However, little has been done on the effects of freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) that frequently occur in cold regions on bioretention cell performance. Three experimental columns were constructed to simulate the operation of the bioretention cell under the FTCs. The effects of FTCs on the nutrient removal efficiency of different filling bioretention cells were analyzed. The results showed that the ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) concentration in the effluent of the wood chip bioretention cell under the T3 conditions (WBCF) (2.35 mg/L) was significantly higher than that of the wood chip bioretention cell operating at room temperature (WBCR) (0.62 mg/L). The effluent NH4+-N concentration of aluminum sludge bioretention cell (ABCF) (0.096 mg/L) under the FTCs was lower than that of WBCF (0.91 mg/L). Under the T3 condition, the effluent nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations of WBCF (5.33 mg/L and 8.86 mg/L) were higher than those of WBCR (5 mg/L and 6.11 mg/L) at room temperature. Under FTCs conditions, both WBCF and ABCF had high NO3--N removal efficiency (up to 85.87% and 24.75%) at the initial stage of thawing of the filler, and the efficiency gradually decreased with the thawing of the filler. With the increase of FTCs, the NO3--N removal efficiency of WBCF gradually decreased (always higher than 13.6%), while the removal efficiency of ABCF fluctuated wildly (the removal efficiency was primarily negative). The total phosphorus (TP) concentration in the effluent of WBCF (0.11 mg/L) under the T3 conditions was lower than that of WBCR (0.02 mg/L) at room temperature, and the TP concentration of ABCF (0.021 mg/L) in the effluent under the FTCs was slightly lower than that of WBCF (0.031 mg/L). The FTCs have a more significant impact on removing nitrogen pollutants in runoff, but have little effect on phosphorus. Compared with aluminum sludge, wood chips are more suitable for efficient removal of nitrogen pollutants in runoff under the FTCs. The experimental conclusions can provide a reference for the construction of bioretention cells in cold regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhou
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Jiaqing Xiong
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Junguo Zhu
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xiaofei Xie
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Junjie Ni
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yanzheng Liu
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology and University of South Australia, An De College, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xiangjun Wang
- Shanghai Yijing Architectural Design Co., Ltd. Xi'an Branch, Baisha Road, Yanta District No.8, Xi'an 710055, China
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25
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Bai N, Guo XN, Xing JJ, Zhu KX. Effect of freeze-thaw cycles on the physicochemical properties and frying performance of frozen Youtiao dough. Food Chem 2022; 386:132854. [PMID: 35366630 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The impact of freeze-thaw cycles on the physicochemical properties and frying performance of frozen Youtiao dough with chemical leavening agent was investigated. The specific volume of Youtiao made from frozen dough decreased by 66% after 4 freeze-thaw cycles. Meanwhile, the hardness and puncture force showed increasing trends, and the fibrous structure became unclear. The extensibility, storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G'') of frozen Youtiao dough decreased during freeze-thaw cycles, while the creep compliance increased. Changes in rheological properties demonstrated that frozen Youtiao dough was more deformable and its strength was weakened. Moreover, the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) extractable protein and free sulfhydryl content increased, revealing that protein was depolymerized. The loose structure with large pores and fractured protein network were observed by micromorphology. Freeze-thaw cycles had a detrimental effect on the Youtiao quality, which was related to the deterioration of rheological properties and protein structure of frozen Youtiao dough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Xiao-Na Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Jun-Jie Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Ke-Xue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
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26
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Chen X, Li X, Yang F, Wu J, Huang D, Huang J, Wang S. Effects and mechanism of antifreeze peptides from silver carp scales on the freeze-thaw stability of frozen surimi. Food Chem 2022; 396:133717. [PMID: 35863175 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to investigate the cryoprotective effects of antifreeze peptides obtained from silver carp scales (ScAFPs) on the freeze-thaw stability of surimi, and to explore the action mechanisms of ScAFPs on frozen surimi. The comprehensive analysis of ice crystal size, myofibril protein oxidation, water retention, surimi gel properties, and rheological properties of surimi after different freeze-thaw cycles were investigated. Results showed that frozen surimi treated with ScAFPs exhibited a higher Ca2+-ATPase activity, salt-soluble protein concentration and sulfhydryl group content, while lower surface hydrophobicity, carbonyl content and disulfide bond content. Moreover, the gel properties and water holding capacity of surimi and surimi gel were improved significantly by regulating the size of ice crystals during freeze-thaw process. These findings indicate that ScAFPs could serviced as a new food ingredient with anti-freezing function for frozen products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China; Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Conditioning Aquatic Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiamen 361022, China
| | - Xiaozhen Li
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China; Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Conditioning Aquatic Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiamen 361022, China
| | - Fujia Yang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jinhong Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Conditioning Aquatic Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiamen 361022, China; Fujian Anjoy Foods Co. Ltd., Xiamen 361022, China
| | - Jianlian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Conditioning Aquatic Products Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiamen 361022, China; Fujian Anjoy Foods Co. Ltd., Xiamen 361022, China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
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27
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Cao X, Bai G, Zheng J, Zhu D, Li J. Effects of freeze-thaw cycles on the texture of Nanguo pear. J Texture Stud 2022; 53:662-671. [PMID: 35661160 DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Freezing is a way to preserve the quality of fruit for a long time. Nanguo pear stored at low temperature is prone to browning and lignification. In this study, freeze-thaw cycles were used to simulate the temperature fluctuation in the process, storage and transportation. The texture properties were taken as the research focus to analyze the lignification phenomenon of Nanguo pear under freeze-thaw cycles. The results showed that freeze-thaw treatment significantly reduced the firmness and propectin content of Nanguo pear, increased the content of stone cells in the fruit, but also destroyed the size of stone cells in the fruit. However, with the increase of freezing-thawing cycles, the content of lignin, stone cell content and PAL activity increased significantly, while the content of chlorogenic acid increased first and then decreased. These results are helpful to further understand the correlation between texture change with fruit firmness and formation mechanism of stone cells during freeze-thaw cycles of Nanguo pear. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Ge Bai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Jianrong Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Danshi Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Jianrong Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
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28
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Wang C, Li X, Zhao X, Bi H, Xie J. The investigation of storage situation of fish muscle via the analysis of its exudate by MALDI-TOF MS. Food Chem 2022; 373:131450. [PMID: 34717091 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The potential of MALDI-TOF MS was investigated in terms of its capability to determine the change of exudates of fish muscle with different freeze-thaw cycles (0, 1 and 2), and frozen storage periods. The exudates were collected from dead chilled marine fish species, large yellow croacker (Larimichthys crocea, LC) and freshly slaughtered freshwater fish species, Japanese seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus) to be studied as models. 109 proteins, in which, 32 are extracellular proteins, and 15 are intracellular proteins, were identified by analyzing exudate of LC using MALDI-TOF MS and HPLC-MS/MS. The results show that the present method may be able to determine the change of fish muscle foods in a more sensitive mode than K value indicated quality control. The feasibility of verifying the storage situation of fish sample was performed by analyzing fish samples obtained from the local market. It is promising to estimate the storage situation of fishery products or other animal muscle foods by analyzing their muscle exudates based on the presently developed strategy.
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Barbieri DM, Lou B, Dyke RJ, Chen H, Wang F, Connor B, Hoff I. Dataset regarding the mechanical properties of roads unbound treated with synthetic fluid based on isoalkane and tall oil. Data Brief 2022; 40:107758. [PMID: 35005147 PMCID: PMC8718741 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The dataset revolves around the laboratory testing of an innovative additive technology for possible stabilization of unbound courses in road pavements. The product is a synthetic fluid based on isoalkane and tall oil pitch. Two test types are performed. Repeated load triaxial tests evaluate the elastic stiffness and the deformation properties of both untreated and treated aggregates. Moreover, some specimens are also tested before and after being subjected to freezing-thawing actions. A modified version of the rolling bottle test appraises the integrity with stripping loss on loose aggregates covered by the additive. Considering the necessity for road maintenance and rehabilitation worldwide, experimental data dealing with the stabilization potential of an innovative synthetic fluid stabilizer can be relevant for several road stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Maria Barbieri
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Høgskoleringen 7A, Trondheim, Trøndelag 7491, Norway
| | - Baowen Lou
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Høgskoleringen 7A, Trondheim, Trøndelag 7491, Norway
- Chang'an University, School of Highway, Nan Er Huan Road (Mid-section), Xi'an, Shaanxi 710064, China
| | - Robert Jason Dyke
- Oslo Metropolitan University, Department of Civil Engineering and Energy Technology, Pilestredet 35, Oslo 0166 Norway
| | - Hao Chen
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Høgskoleringen 7A, Trondheim, Trøndelag 7491, Norway
| | - Fusong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi road 122, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Billy Connor
- College of Engineering and Mines, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Tanan Loop 1760, Fairbanks, Alaska 99709, United States
| | - Inge Hoff
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Høgskoleringen 7A, Trondheim, Trøndelag 7491, Norway
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Tang S, Yuan P, Tawaraya K, Tokida T, Fukuoka M, Yoshimoto M, Sakai H, Hasegawa T, Xu X, Cheng W. Winter nocturnal warming affects the freeze-thaw frequency, soil aggregate distribution, and the contents and decomposability of C and N in paddy fields. Sci Total Environ 2022; 802:149870. [PMID: 34525703 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming is expected to cause greater increases in nocturnal temperatures than daytime temperatures, thereby altering freeze-thaw cycles. Although the importance of freeze-thaw cycles in regulating soil aggregate stability and nutrient availability has attracted increasing attention, little is known about how winter nocturnal warming modulates freeze-thaw frequency, soil aggregate distribution, or the contents and mineralization of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in paddy fields. The nocturnal soil temperature in the upper 0-2 cm layer in a paddy field was elevated by approximately 2 °C using a passive nocturnal warming method during winter. An anaerobic experiment with a first-order reaction model was conducted to measure the C decomposition (C0) and N mineralization (N0) potentials in bulk soil and four soil aggregate fractions. Winter nocturnal warming significantly decreased freeze-thaw frequency and affected soil aggregate distribution and SOC and TN contents in <0.25 mm aggregate. Both SOC and TN fractions were significantly increased in the 0.25-1 mm aggregate but decreased in the >2 mm aggregate due to winter nocturnal warming. Winter nocturnal warming did not affect C0, N0, C0/SOC, and N0/TN in bulk soil. However, it decreased C0 and C0/SOC in all aggregates except the 0.25-1 mm aggregate, and increased N0 and N0/TN in all aggregates except the >2 mm aggregate. In the nocturnal warming treatment, the highest C0 and N0 values were found in the <0.25 mm aggregate, but only the N0 in the <0.25 mm aggregate was significantly larger than that in the other three soil aggregates. Our study indicated that winter nocturnal warming would reduce the freeze-thaw frequency and change C and N distributions in soil aggregates, resulting in increased soil N availability in the subsequent rice growth season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuirong Tang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23, Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ping Yuan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23, Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Yamagata, Japan; College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Keitaro Tawaraya
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23, Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tokida
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-3, Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8604, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Minehiko Fukuoka
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-3, Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8604, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mayumi Yoshimoto
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-3, Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8604, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Sakai
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-3, Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8604, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Hasegawa
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO, 4 Akahira, Shimokuriyagawa, Morioka 020-0198, Iwate, Japan
| | - Xingkai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weiguo Cheng
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23, Wakaba-machi, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Yamagata, Japan.
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Xue P, Fu Q, Li T, Liu D, Hou R, Li Q, Li M, Meng F. Effects of biochar and straw application on the soil structure and water-holding and gas transport capacities in seasonally frozen soil areas. J Environ Manage 2022; 301:113943. [PMID: 34731955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To explore the effects of different regulation modes on the soil structure and gas transport characteristics in seasonal permafrost regions, freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) were used as boundary conditions and three typical soils on the Songnen Plain were used: black soil, baijiang soil and meadow soil. Four treatments were established: biochar addition (B1), straw addition (S1), biochar combined with straw addition (B1S1) and an untreated control (CK). The changes in the proportion of soil water-stable aggregates, total soil porosity (TP), soil water characteristic curves (SWRCs), soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and soil air permeability (PL) were analyzed. The results showed that biochar and straw influenced the structure of the three soil types. The proportions of large (2-0.5 mm) and medium (0.5-0.25 mm) aggregates increased significantly. The soil aggregate stability indexes of the treated soils were better than those of the CK, and the three-phase ratios of the treated soils were closer to ideal. The different treatments had particularly obvious effects on the black soil; the generalized soil structure index (GSSI) values reached 95.59, 94.36 and 98.74 in the B1, S1 and B1S1 treatments, respectively. An interaction effect was observed between biochar and straw. B1S1 had a stronger effect than the other treatments, and the soil water holding capacity was significantly improved (FC = 0.317 cm3 cm-3). Under the B1S1 treatment, the DOC contents in black soil, baijiang soil and meadow soil were 160.78 mg/kg, 272.828 mg/kg and 271.912 mg/kg, respectively. Moreover, biochar and straw combined effectively reduced PL fluctuations under FTCs and improved the long-term stability of the soil structure. These results can aid in rational straw and biochar use to achieve comprehensive agricultural waste utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xue
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Tianxiao Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China.
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China.
| | - Renjie Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Mo Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Fanxiang Meng
- College of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
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Xu G, Zheng Q, Yang X, Yu R, Yu Y. Freeze-thaw cycles promote vertical migration of metal oxide nanoparticles in soils. Sci Total Environ 2021; 795:148894. [PMID: 34252772 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the migration of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in soil is of great significance for evaluating the potential risks of ENPs to ecosystem. So far, their migration under freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) has not been investigated. This study explored the impacts of FTCs on the migration of three commonly used ENPs, copper oxide (CuO-NPs), cerium oxide (CeO2-NPs), and zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs), in three types of soil. After 32 FTC cycles, the highest migration rate of ENPs was found in black soil due to its higher clay particle content. CeO2-NPs with low surface charge exhibited the highest mobility among three ENPs, which migrated to 9-11 cm layer with the concentration of 42.1 mg/kg in the black soil column. ZnO-NPs were less influenced by FTCs as they were adsorbed onto sand grains due to electrostatic interaction, which migrated to 3-5 cm layer with the concentration of 25.2 mg/kg in the black soil. Higher moisture contents (50% and 100%) resulted in increased migration depth of the ENPs in all soils. Lower freezing temperature (-25 °C) caused fragmentation of large soil particles and produced more clay colloids. FTCs promoted the movement of moisture, which penetrated the soil and thus facilitated the movement of ENPs by increasing the contents and movement of clay colloids. This work reveals the migration behavior of ENPs in soils in freeze-thaw period and provides insights into the fate and environmental risk of nanomaterial at middle and high latitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; Department of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130106, China
| | - Xiutao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Yong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
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Wang QY, Hu NW, Yu HW, Wang QR, Liu YX, Yue J, Hu B. Do freeze-thaw cycles affect the cadmium accumulation, subcellular distribution, and chemical forms in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)? Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 228:112952. [PMID: 34736033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To date, although there are many studies investigating the toxicity of heavy metal to plant, little research exists in the seasonal freeze-thaw (FT) regions where FT cycles often happen during the plant growing process. To reveal the adaptive mechanisms of plants to the combination stresses of cadmium (Cd) and FT, the Cd accumulation, subcellular distribution, chemical forms, and antioxidant enzyme activity (peroxidase (POD)) were investigated in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) growing under different soil Cd levels (i.e., 0.10 mg Cd kg-1 soil (low), 1.21 mg Cd kg-1 soil (medium), and 2.57 mg Cd kg-1 soil (high)). Compared to the non-freeze-thaw (NFT) treatments, higher Cd concentrations in the root and lower translocation factors from root to leaf were found for the plants experiencing FT cycles. FT significantly decreased the Cd concentrations in the leaves under the low- and medium-Cd treatments, while similar values were found for the high-Cd treatments. Generally, FT could decrease the concentrations and proportions of Cd stored in the cell wall and soluble fractions and increase them in the organelle fractions for the medium- and high-Cd treatments, while opposite tendency was found for the low-Cd treatments. Moreover, larger Cd amounts in the inorganic and water-soluble forms were found for the low- and medium-Cd treated plants under FT, while lower values were found for the high-Cd treatments. Additionally, POD, which presented higher activities at the low- and medium-Cd treatments and lower activities at the high-Cd treatments under FT, were also significantly influenced by the Cd × FT interaction. This study indicated that FT could significantly change the accumulations of Cd in plant, and it provided a new insight into the Cd accumulation by plants in the seasonal FT region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Nai-Wen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Hong-Wen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Qi-Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Yu-Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jing Yue
- Key Laboratory of Wet Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China.
| | - Bo Hu
- Agricultural Technology and Extension Center of Jilin Province, Changchun 130033, China.
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Hou R, Wang L, Shen Z, Alessi DS, Hou D. Simultaneous reduction and immobilization of Cr(VI) in seasonally frozen areas: Remediation mechanisms and the role of ageing. J Hazard Mater 2021; 415:125650. [PMID: 34088176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Among the toxic metals, hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] has attracted much attention due to its high mobility and toxicity, rendering considerable challenges for long-term remediation. In this study, the soil was collected from a dichromate contaminated industrial site in Liaoning Province, a seasonally frozen area in northern China, and subjected to frequent freeze-thaw cycles. Three additives, including (i) ferrous sulfate; (ii) calcium polysulfide; and (iii) combined biochar and calcium polysulfide were applied to reduce and immobilize Cr(VI) in the soils. The samples underwent 28 days of incubation followed by 16 freeze-thaw cycles. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and simulated acid rain leaching were adopted to test the remediation performances. It was observed that all three treatments can significantly reduce and immobilize Cr(VI) after short-term incubation, while biochar with abundant functional groups could adsorb and reduce Cr(VI) effectively. Notably, the concentration of Cr(VI) in TCLP leachates after incubation in combined treatment decreased by 67.87% and 37.27%, respectively, compared with the application of ferrous sulfate or calcium polysulfide alone. Freeze-thaw cycles induced the disintegration of soil particles and increased the risk of contaminant mobilization. Conversely, biochar particles has become finer and even produced nanoparticles with ageing, accompanied by the increase in oxygen-containing surface functional groups. Additionally, the specific surface area increased with the pyrolysis of biochar, which further enhanced the retention of soil colloidal particles and suppressed the migration of contaminants. Therefore, the cumulative release of Cr(VI) in the combined treatment (i.e., 10.97 ~ 32.97 mg/kg) was much lower than that of the other two treatments after freeze-thaw ageing. Overall, the combination of biochar and calcium polysulfide displayed advantages in the reduction and immobilization of Cr(VI), and offered a long-term, effective strategy for the remediation of Cr(VI) contaminated soils in cold regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liuwei Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhengtao Shen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Daniel S Alessi
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Shi B, Ding H, Wang L, Wang C, Tian X, Fu Z, Zhang L, Han L. Investigation on the stability in plant metabolomics with a special focus on freeze-thaw cycles: LC-MS and NMR analysis to Cassiae Semen (Cassia obtusifolia L.) seeds as a case study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 204:114243. [PMID: 34273658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a rapid and sensitive tool for the detection of dynamic metabolic compositions in the study of systemic metabolic consequences. However, it is also susceptible to a tiny variation of pre-analytical handling procedures. To provide reproducible results, specific knowledge on metabolites perturbance along with different freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) is needed for further metabolomics studies. In this paper, five FTCs of germinated Cassiae Semen (CS) were chosen as a case study to investigate the influence of FTC effect based on UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS and NMR technologies. A total of 108 metabolites were relatively quantified by LC-MS and NMR analyses. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first and second FTC samples are welly separated from the other groups; however, the extent of FTC-induced effects are smaller after the third cycle. Upon five consecutive FTCs, alterations which consisted of decreased stachyose, sucrose, norrubrofusarin-6-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and quercetin 3-(3″-acetylgalactoside), as well as increased phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, phenylalanine, mannose, gluconic acid, and valine, could be observed. FTC does not exert the same effect on all metabolites. Although a large number of secondary metabolites were stable when subjected to five FTCs, FTC effects may lead to false-positive in the discovery of biomarker. In the case of reusing plant seed samples, no more than three consecutive freeze-thaw cycles were found advisable. This work provides unique perspectives on the FTC effects, which may fill in some existing gaps in the knowledge of the stability of plant metabolites during sample pre-handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biru Shi
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Hui Ding
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Liming Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Chenxi Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Xiaoxuan Tian
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Zhifei Fu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
| | - Lifeng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
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Wang Z, Li T, Liu D, Fu Q, Hou R, Li Q, Cui S, Li M. Research on the adsorption mechanism of Cu and Zn by biochar under freeze-thaw conditions. Sci Total Environ 2021; 774:145194. [PMID: 33609831 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the adsorption mechanism of heavy metals by biochar under freeze-thaw conditions, based on indoor simulation experiments, the changes in pH value, surface area (SA), pore structure and functional groups of biochar under natural and freeze-thaw conditions were analysed. Using isothermal adsorption method, Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations of heavy metals, the adsorption characteristics of biochar for heavy metals Cu and Zn were analysed. The results showed that after 10 periods (30 cycles), the pH value of the biochar decreased from 8.80 to 7.99, the SA increased from 6.28 m2/g to 20.26 m2/g, the pore volume (PV) decreased from 0.009 mL/g to 0.003 mL/g, and the pore diameter (PD) decreased from 1.692 to 1.423 nm. In period 10, compared to the control group (CK), the adsorption capacity of Cu and Zn increased by 72.00% and 44.55%, respectively, and the number of oxygen-containing functional groups -OH, -COOH and -C=O greatly increased. This study provides scientific and reasonable theoretical guidance for future studies on the biochar adsorption and biochar remediation of soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Tianxiao Li
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
| | - Renjie Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Song Cui
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Mo Li
- School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources of Ministry of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Water Conservancy Engineering in Cold Region, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
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Guan J, Liu Y, Jing F, Ye R, Chen J. Contrasting impacts of chemical and physical ageing on hydrochar properties and sorption of norfloxacin with coexisting Cu 2. Sci Total Environ 2021; 772:145502. [PMID: 33581541 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of agricultural biomass into hydrochar has enormous potential to improve soil quality. In particular, hydrochar particles introduced into the natural environment readily bind environmental pollutants. The interaction of hydrochar and pollutants will, however, be impacted by long term natural ageing in the earth surface. The adsorption performance and the associated mechanisms that could be affected by physical or chemical ageing are not yet fully understood. To elucidate the influence of different types ageing on the physicochemical properties and sorption capacity of hydrochar, we systematically characterized the elemental composition, specific surface area, total organic carbon, and functional groups of fresh and aged hydrochar. Norfloxacin (NOR), a typical antibiotic as a model in this study, was used for the sorption performance of different aged hydrochars in the presence or absence of Cu2+. The various artificial accelerated ageing methods have been employed such as H2O2 oxidation, HNO3/H2SO4 acidification, high temperature, and freeze-thaw cycles. The results showed that ageing could increase hydrochar polarity and surface functional groups, which both increased NOR hydrophobic partition and H-bonding interaction on hydrochars. The chemical ageing largely increased the abundance of CO than physical ageing. H-bonding dominated NOR sorption on hydrochars after acidification, high temperature, and freeze-thaw cycles. The hydrophobic partition was the main sorption mechanism of NOR on oxidative aged hydrochars. The coexisting Cu2+ inhibited NOR sorption on most aged hydrochars (acidification, high temperature, and freeze-thaw cycles), whereas specially for oxidative ageing, Cu2+ increased hydrophobic sorption sites on hydrochars surface and enhanced the sorption capacity for NOR. The results from this study are likely to reveal the mechanisms of pollutant adsorption on hydrochars and their different susceptibilities under various ageing environment, suggesting us to comprehensively consider the reciprocal effects of natural ageing and coexisting pollutants on a long-term use of hydrochar in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Yuyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Fanqi Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Rong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China; School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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38
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Lönnqvist J, Hanslin HM, Johannessen BG, Muthanna TM, Viklander M, Blecken G. Temperatures and precipitation affect vegetation dynamics on Scandinavian extensive green roofs. Int J Biometeorol 2021; 65:837-849. [PMID: 33306146 PMCID: PMC8149340 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-020-02060-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Standard succulent vegetation mixes developed mostly in temperate climates are being increasingly used on green roofs in different climate zones with uncertain outcome regarding vegetation survival and cover. We investigated vegetation on green roofs at nine temperate, cold, and/or wet locations in Norway and Sweden covering wide ranges of latitude, mean annual temperature, annual precipitation, frequencies of freeze-thaw cycles, and longest annual dry period. The vegetation on the roofs were surveyed in two consecutive years, and weather data were compiled from meteorological databases. At all sites we detected a significant decline in species compared to originally intended (planted/sown) species. Both the survival rate and cover of the intended vegetation were positively related to the mean annual temperature. Contrary to a hypothesis, we found that intended vegetation cover was negatively rather than positively related to mean annual precipitation. Conversely, the unintended (spontaneous) vegetation was favoured by high mean annual precipitation and low mean annual temperature, possibly by enabling it to colonize bare patches and outcompete the intended vegetation. When there is high mortality and variation in cover of the intended vegetation, predicting the strength of ecosystem services the vegetation provides on green roofs is difficult. The results highlight the needs for further investigation on species traits and the local factors driving extinction and colonizations in order to improve survivability and ensure a dense vegetation throughout the successional stages of a green roof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Lönnqvist
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Hans Martin Hanslin
- Department of Urban Greening and Vegetation Ecology, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Birgitte Gisvold Johannessen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tone Merete Muthanna
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Maria Viklander
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Godecke Blecken
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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Tu D, Ou Y, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Zheng B, Zeng H. Effects of freeze-thaw treatment and pullulanase debranching on the structural properties and digestibility of lotus seed starch-glycerin monostearin complexes. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 177:447-454. [PMID: 33636260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of multiple cycles of freeze-thaw treatment, combined with pullulanase debranching, on the structural properties and digestibility of lotus seed starch-glycerin monostearin complexes were investigated. The formation and melting of ice crystals during freeze-thaw treatment disrupted the crystalline structure of the starch granules, creating pores which facilitated access of pullulanase to the interior of the granules. Pullulanase debranching increased the free amylose content of the starch, which promoted the formation of starch-lipid complexes, which, in turn, increased the proportion of resistant starch and the overall resistance of the starch to digestive enzyme action. These effects increased with the number of freeze-thaw cycles, because more cycles increased both the disruption of the granule structure and the extent of pullulanase debranching. These findings provide a basis for the preparation of functional foods with low glycemic indices, which have strong potential for management of type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongkun Tu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yujia Ou
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yixin Zheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; China-Ireland International Cooperation Centre for Food Material Science and Structure Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Baodong Zheng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; China-Ireland International Cooperation Centre for Food Material Science and Structure Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; China-Ireland International Cooperation Centre for Food Material Science and Structure Design, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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40
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Pan N, Hu Y, Li Y, Ren Y, Kong B, Xia X. Changes in the thermal stability and structure of myofibrillar protein from quick-frozen pork patties with different fat addition under freeze-thaw cycles. Meat Sci 2021; 175:108420. [PMID: 33476995 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Changes in thermal stability and structure of myofibrillar protein from pork patties with different fat addition (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) under freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles were discussed. The results showed that the total sulfhydryl, reactive sulfhydryl, free amino group, α-helix and β-sheet contents, fluorescence intensity (FI), and protein thermal stability (Tmax, ∆Htotal) of samples with the same fat content were significantly decreased, while the β-turn and random-coil content and the maximum fluorescence emission wavelength (λmax) were significantly increased with increasing F-T cycles (P < 0.05). These changes in samples with 20% fat at the 5th F-T cycle were obvious and were verified by the decreases in ∆Htotal (26.1%), reactive sulfhydryl (16.1%), and FI (16.8%) compared with the patties without fat. Therefore, repeated F-T cycles could decline the thermal stability of protein, destroy the protein structure of patty, and the changes were positively correlated with fat content of patty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Pan
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Yifan Hu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Yanming Ren
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Baohua Kong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xiufang Xia
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
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41
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Tan F, Sun N, Zhang L, Wu J, Xiao S, Tan Q, Uversky VN, Liu Y. Functional characterization of an unknown soybean intrinsically disordered protein in vitro and in Escherichia coli. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 166:538-549. [PMID: 33137381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) possess a wide range of biological function in all organisms, however the specific functions of most IDPs are still unknown. Soybean LOC protein, LOC for short, is a heat-stable protein, which is more abundant in the stress-resistant radicles. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that LOC is a functionally unknown protein and conserved in Fabaceae. LOC, being enriched in most disorder-promoting residues and depleted in most order-promoting residues, was predicted to contain high levels of intrinsic disorder by several commonly used computational tools. However, it was also predicted to contain two disorder-based protein-protein binding sites and two short α-helical segments. The circular dichroism spectroscopic analysis showed that this protein is mostly disordered in water, but can form more α-helical structure in the presence of SDS and TFE. Functional in vitro studies showed that the LOC protein is able to prevent lactate dehydrogenase inactivation by freeze-thaw at a molar ratio of 10:1. Furthermore, in vivo analyses revealed the survival rate of Escherichia coli over-expressing LOC protein under the conditions of osmotic stress was noticeably increased in comparison with the control. These observations suggest that the intrinsically disordered protein LOC might serve as a chaperone and/or cell protector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmei Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Nan Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Linsong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Shifeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Qiulong Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd. MDC07, Tampa, Florida, USA; Laboratory of New Methods in Biology, Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Pushchino, Moscow, region, Russia.
| | - Yun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, PR China.
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42
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Pan N, Dong C, Du X, Kong B, Sun J, Xia X. Effect of freeze-thaw cycles on the quality of quick-frozen pork patty with different fat content by consumer assessment and instrument-based detection. Meat Sci 2020; 172:108313. [PMID: 32980723 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The change in quality of quick-frozen patties containing different amounts of added fat (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) under different freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles (a F-T cycle was performed by freezing at -18 °C and thawing at 4 °C) was evaluated. The results showed that the a*-values of samples were significantly decreased, while L*-values, b*-values, thawing loss, and cooking loss were notably increased after 3 F-T cycles. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) results showed that the water mobility of patties was enhanced. Textural properties (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness) of patties were significantly decreased after 5 F-T cycles (P < 0.05). Lipid and protein oxidation were aggravated with increasing fat content and number of F-T cycles, as confirmed by the increase in lipid peroxides, TBARS, and carbonyl content. Therefore, the results from instrument-based detection and consumer scores indicated that repeated F-T cycles accelerated the quality deterioration of quick-frozen pork patties, and rendered them unacceptable after 3 F-T cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Pan
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Chunhui Dong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xin Du
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Baohua Kong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Jinyan Sun
- Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xiufang Xia
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
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43
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Du L, Dyck M, Shotyk W, He H, Lv J, Cuss CW, Bie J. Lead immobilization processes in soils subjected to freeze-thaw cycles. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2020; 192:110288. [PMID: 32078838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soil freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) change the physical and chemical properties of soils; however, information is limited about the consequences for heavy metal sorption and desorption. Lead (Pb) sorption isotherms and successive desorption tests were measured for three soils from North China (Chestnut, Lou and Black), following multiple freeze-thaw cycles (0, 1, 3, 6 and 9 FTCs) of -5 °C for 12 h and then +5 °C for 12 h. Lead adsorption dominated the sorption processes for all soils, and sorption capacity increased with additional FTCs. The Freundlich affinity parameter of soils for Pb sorption (i.e. A; Lβ mmol1-β kg-1), was linearly correlated with carbonate content for soils with multiple FTCs. The effects of FTCs on lead adsorption may be more dependent on carbonate and clay contents than organic matter (OM), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and amorphous iron content. Repeated FTCs increased the pH of soil solutions at applied Pb concentrations >1.4 mmol L-1, which could facilitate formation of inner-sphere complexes of Pb in studied soils. Cation exchange, a weak association, could occupy specific adsorption sites with increasing Pb doses in soils and it can also be facilitated by FTCs. Our results demonstrate the great potential for increasing Pb immobilization with repeated FTCs, by facilitating the formation of both inner-sphere and outer-sphere complexes. Hence, these findings provide useful information on Pb immobilization in contaminated soils that undergo frequent FTCs and offer an additional insight into predicting Pb behavior in cold and freezing environments like the polar regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Du
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A& F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G1, Canada
| | - Miles Dyck
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G1, Canada
| | - William Shotyk
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G1, Canada
| | - Hailong He
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A& F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jialong Lv
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A& F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Chad W Cuss
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G1, Canada
| | - Jingya Bie
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A& F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Wang F, Zhang Y, Shen Z, Pan H, Xu J, Al-Tabbaa A. GMCs stabilized/solidified Pb/Zn contaminated soil under different curing temperature: leachability and durability. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:26963-26971. [PMID: 31309424 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05894-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the impact of the curing temperature on leaching behaviour and durability of GGBS-MgO-CaO (GMC)-stabilized/GMC-solidified Pb/Zn-contaminated clay soils was investigated. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test, wetting-drying cycles, freeze-thaw cycles and unconfined compression strength (UCS) test were carried out. The influence of curing temperature, binder dosage and curing time on the performance of these samples was investigated. The results show that the leachability and the durability of all samples were improved by increasing curing temperature, curing time and binder dosage. GMCs are more functional in immobilizing Pb compared with Zn, especially in immobilizing high Pb-contaminated soils. The mass loss and Pb/Zn leachability of all samples increased, while their strength decreased after cyclic wetting-drying and cyclic freeze-thaw. Furthermore, curing at 21 °C and 45 °C, the freeze-thaw resistance of 10% GMC-treated soil (GMC10) was found better than that of 10% Portland cement-treated soil (PC10). After 10 cycles of wetting-drying, GMC10 is more chemically stable than PC10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK
| | - Zhengtao Shen
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Hao Pan
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing, 210042, People's Republic of China.
| | - Abir Al-Tabbaa
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, CB2 1PZ, UK
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Chen X, Gao M, Li Y, Zhang X, Zhang F, Hu B. Effects of freeze-thaw cycles on the physicochemical characteristics of animal manure and its phosphorus forms. Waste Manag 2019; 88:160-169. [PMID: 31079628 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The variations of phosphorus (P) in animal manure during freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) profoundly influence on non-point source P loss in winter. Therefore, understanding how FTCs influence the physicochemical properties of animal manure and its P availability is crucial. In this study, the freeze-thaw treatment was performed by incubating the pig manure at -20 °C for 12 h and at 18 °C for 12 h. The freeze-only treatment was maintained at -20 °C as a control. In addition, the pig manure was kept at two moisture levels during the FTCs and sampled every five cycles. Six forms of P in the manure were extracted and analyzed. After 30 cycles, the dissolved organic carbon had increased from 10.49 to 13.56 g/kg, and the pH had decreased from 6.25 to 5.77. The particles originally >1000 μm were broken into particles <250 μm. The forms of P in manure shifted from Ca-P, occluded P, and residual P towards NH4Cl-P, Al-P and Fe-P, resulting in a 23% increase in bioavailable P. These variations were highly coincident with the increase in moisture content and FTC frequency. The proportion of particles <38 μm increased by more than 2% after the FTCs, and the manure P was mainly concentrated in these particles, which might be readily washed away by the melt water. Overall, the study indicated that FTCs could enhance the bioavailability of P in pig manure and the mobility of particle-associated P. These findings are significant for reducing animal manure pollution in freeze-thaw season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingcai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China
| | - Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China
| | - Yanxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China.
| | - Xuelian Zhang
- Beijing Soil and Fertilizer Extension Service Station, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fengsong Zhang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China
| | - Baiyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China
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Han Z, Deng M, Yuan A, Wang J, Li H, Ma J. Vertical variation of a black soil's properties in response to freeze-thaw cycles and its links to shift of microbial community structure. Sci Total Environ 2018; 625:106-113. [PMID: 29288997 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Soil freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) change soil physical, chemical, and biological properties, however information regarding their vertical variations in response to FTCs is limited. In this work, black soil (silty loam) packed soil columns were exposed to 8 FTCs, and soil properties were determined for each of vertical layer of soil columns. The results revealed that after FTCs treatment, moisture and electrical conductivity (EC) salinity tended to increase in upper soil layers. Increments of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) in top layers (0-10cm) were greater than those in other layers, and increments of water soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and decrease of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in middle layers (10-20cm) were greater than those in both ends. Overall, microbial community structure was mainly influenced by soil physical properties (moisture and EC) and chemical properties (pH and WSOC). For bacterial (archaeal) and fungal communities, soil physical properties, chemical properties and their interaction explained 79.73% and 82.66% of total variation, respectively. Our results provided insights into the vertical variation of soil properties caused by FTCs, and such variation had a major impact on the change of structure and composition of soil bacterial and fungal communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Han
- Key Laboratory of Ground Water Resource and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Jilin Province 130021, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Mingwen Deng
- College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Anqi Yuan
- College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, PR China
| | - Jincai Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ground Water Resource and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Jilin Province 130021, PR China; College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130021, PR China.
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Ren J, Song C, Hou A, Song Y, Zhu X, Cagle GA. Shifts in soil bacterial and archaeal communities during freeze-thaw cycles in a seasonal frozen marsh, Northeast China. Sci Total Environ 2018; 625:782-791. [PMID: 29306166 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diurnal freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) occur in the spring and autumn in boreal wetlands as soil temperatures rise above freezing during the day and fall below freezing at night. A surge in methane emissions from these systems is frequently documented during spring FTCs, accounting for a large portion of annual emissions. In boreal wetlands, methane is produced as a result of syntrophic microbial processes, mediated by a consortium of fermenting bacteria and methanogenic archaea. Further research is needed to determine whether FTCs enhance microbial metabolism related to methane production through the cryogenic decomposition of soil organic matter. Previous studies observed large methane emissions during the spring thawed period in the Sanjiang seasonal frozen marsh of Northeast China. To investigate how FTCs impact the soil microbial community and methanogen abundance and activity, we collected soil cores from the Sanjiang marsh during the FTCs of autumn 2014 and spring 2015. Methanogens were investigated based on expression level of the methyl coenzyme reductase (mcrA) gene, and soil bacterial and archaeal community structures were assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results show that a decrease in bacteria and methanogens followed autumns FTCs, whereas an increase in bacteria and methanogens was observed following spring FTCs. The bacterial community structure, including Firmicutes and certain Deltaproteobacteria, was changed following autumn FTCs. Temperature and substrate were the primary factors regulating the abundance and composition of the microbial communities during autumn FTCs, whereas no factors significantly contributing to spring FTCs were identified. Acetoclastic methanogens from order Methanosarcinales were the dominant group at the beginning and end of both the autumn and spring FTCs. Active methanogens were significantly more abundant during the diurnal thawed period, indicating that the increasing number of FTCs predicted to occur with global climate change could potentially promote CH4 emissions in seasonal frozen marshes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiusheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Changchun Song
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China.
| | - Aixin Hou
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Yanyu Song
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Xincheng Street, District 5088, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Grace Ann Cagle
- Department of Environmental Sciences, College of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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Park S, Lee DR, Nam JS, Ahn CW, Kim H. Fetal bovine serum-free cryopreservation methods for clinical banking of human adipose-derived stem cells. Cryobiology 2018; 81:65-73. [PMID: 29448017 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a cryopreservation supplement is not suitable for the banking of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) due to the risk of transmission of disease as well as xenogeneic immune reactions in the transplanted host. Here, we investigated if human serum albumin (HSA), human serum (HS), or knockout serum replacement (KSR) can replace FBS for the cryopreservation of MSCs. In addition, we examined the characteristics of MSCs after multiple rounds of cryopreservation. Human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) cryopreserved with three FBS replacements, 9% HSA, 90% HS, or 90% KSR, in combination with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) maintained stem cell properties including growth, immunophenotypes, gene expression patterns, and the potential to differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages, similar to ASCs frozen with FBS. Moreover, the immunophenotype, gene expression, and differentiation capabilities of ASCs were not altered by up to four freeze-thaw cycles. However, the performance of three or four freeze-thaw cycles significantly reduced the proliferation ability of ASCs, as indicated by the longer population doubling time and reduced colony-forming unit-fibroblast frequency. Together, our results suggest that HSA, HS, or KSR can replace FBS for the cryopreservation of ASCs, without altering their stemness, and should be processed with no more than two freeze-thaw cycles for clinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seah Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Seoul Women's University, 621 Hwarangro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Ryul Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-shi, Gyeongghi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Sun Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chul Woo Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Haekwon Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Seoul Women's University, 621 Hwarangro, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Yasemi M. Prevention of denaturation of freshwater crayfish muscle subjected to different freeze-thaw cycles by gelatin hydrolysate. Food Chem 2017; 234:199-204. [PMID: 28551225 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.04.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The cryoprotective effect of gelatin hydrolysates from the skin of beluga sturgeon (Huso huso) on freshwater crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) muscle subjected to different freeze-thaw cycles was investigated. Untreated muscle was particularly susceptible to quality loss as indicated by the formation of secondary lipid oxidation products and the loss in sulfhydryl groups and Ca2+-ATPase activity. Hydrolysate produced using flavourzyme which was mainly consisted of oligopeptides as the main fraction as well as small fraction of polypeptides could lower the denaturation of crayfish myosin heavy chain when compared to the control. In addition, lipid oxidation in treated muscle was impeded to some extent. Peptides with smaller or longer chain length than those in flavourzyme hydrolysate although exhibited antioxidant activity, but were less effective in maintaining the muscle quality during storage. Thus, the potential of flavourzyme hydrolysate as the alternative cryoprotectant might be employed during crustacean processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Yasemi
- Associate professor, Institute of Applied-Scientific Higher Education of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization, 13145-1783 Tehran, Iran.
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Roth SP, Erbe I, Burk J. Decellularization of Large Tendon Specimens: Combination of Manually Performed Freeze-Thaw Cycles and Detergent Treatment. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1577:227-237. [PMID: 28702884 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2017_49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Reliable decellularization techniques applicable to tendon tissue play a critical role in the field of current tissue engineering. Particularly, an application as three-dimensional culture model for in vitro research and translational approaches to establish graft-based tendon repair as a routine clinical tool represent two main application fields for decellularized tendon scaffolds. Considering methodological issues of tendon decellularization, one of the major challenges lies in the preservation of the tendon-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) architecture to reflect natural tissue characteristic as best as possible. Concurrently, further requirements for high-quality decellularized biological tendon scaffolds include not only the reduction of resident cells, but also an ensured cytocompatibility.To date, a large number and a wide variety of decellularization protocols for natural tendon tissue have already been investigated and usually, physical as well as chemical and/or enzyme-based treatments are used for the purpose of decellularization. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of evidence-based protocols for the processing of full-thickness large tendon samples, such as the equine flexor tendons.Therefore, the here presented protocol describes a reliable procedure to decellularize equine superficial digital flexor tendons by using a combined treatment of physical decellularization in the form of repetitive freeze-thaw cycles, and of chemical decellularization with the non-ionic detergent Triton X-100. The decellularization effectiveness evaluated by reduction of cell and DNA content, the influence of decellularization on the morphology of the tendon extracellular matrix (ECM) as well as the cytocompatibility of the decellularized tendon scaffolds obtained have been investigated previously. Based on this previous study, the here present protocol is an effective procedure, particularly applicable for large tendon specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Pauline Roth
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic and Hospital Leipzig, Universität Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 21, Leipzig, 04103, Germany. .,Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation, Universität Leipzig, Philipp Rosenthal Straße 55, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
| | - Ina Erbe
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic and Hospital Leipzig, Universität Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 21, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Janina Burk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic and Hospital Leipzig, Universität Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 21, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Universität Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 7, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
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