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García-Moreno JM, Calvo-Muñoz I, Gómez-Conesa A, López-López JA. Obesity and overweight as risk factors for low back pain in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:612-625. [PMID: 38273033 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01475-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity and overweight are associated with musculoskeletal pain, but the association between low back pain (LBP) and overweight/obesity in this population needs clarification. The objective of this meta-analysis is to ascertain the relationship between LBP and obesity/overweight in children and adolescents. METHODS Various databases and specialized journals were queried from inception to October 2022. Encompassed were all studies examining the association between overweight or obesity and LBP among participants aged 6 to 18 years. The ROBINS-E tool was employed to assess bias. Random-effects models were used to pool results across studies, with location-scale models used to search for moderator variables where evidence of heterogeneity was found. RESULTS In total, 34 studies were incorporated. Four studies had a low risk of bias, while the remaining studies had some concerns. Nine studies evinced an association between overweight and LBP, in contrast to normal weight, yielding an OR of 1.13 (95% CI 1.10-1.16) and no heterogeneity. Eight studies demonstrated a similar association between obesity and LBP compared to normal weight, with an OR of 1.27 (95% CI 1.20-1.34) and no heterogeneity. Ten studies established an association between overweight/obesity and LBP compared to normal weight, yielding an OR of 1.18 (95% CI 1.14-1.23) and no heterogeneity. Finally, nineteen studies showcased an association between body mass index (BMI) and LBP, with an OR of 1.19 (95% CI 1.03-1.39) with evidence of heterogeneity. For this last analysis, we compared the mean BMI in groups and transformed results to log OR, and then retransformed to OR. CONCLUSION Overweight and obesity may be risk factors for LBP in children and adolescents. The association between LBP and obesity appears to be stronger than with overweight. However, the analysis revealed considerable heterogeneity and risk of bias across studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonia Gómez-Conesa
- Research Group Research Methods and Evaluation in Social Sciences. Mare Nostrum Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Antonio López-López
- Research Group Research Methods and Evaluation in Social Sciences. Mare Nostrum Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Dept. of Basic Psychology and Methodology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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2
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Liu K, Ji L, Lu Y. Influence of Amputation on Kinetic Chain Musculature Activity During Basic and Modified Core Exercises. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38508161 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2023-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Core strength is vital for athletic performance, and many more exercises that involve the kinetic chain have been designed for able-bodied athletes. Disabilities that impair the kinetic chain can reduce the effectiveness of strength training. However, the impact of amputation on core strength training of people with disabilities and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the muscle activation patterns and levels in athletes with amputation during 4 basic and modified weight-bearing core strength-training exercises. METHODS Fifteen elite athletes with unilateral amputation (170.6 [7.3] cm; 63.9 [11.9] kg; 25.9 [5.3] y) volunteered for this study. Surface electromyography was used to measure the muscle activity mainly in the lumbopelvic-hip complex-stabilizing muscles during 4 kinetic chain trunk exercises with and without modifications. RESULTS The significance level was set at α = .05. The results showed a significant difference in muscle activation between different body sides (P < .05). Specifically, amputation on the support position resulted in a diagonal pattern of muscle activation, and amputation on the free distal segments resulted in a unilateral dominant pattern with higher activation in muscles on the nonamputated side (P < .05). Modifications led to significant decreases in muscle activation asymmetry index (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Amputation caused muscle activation asymmetry and 2 activation patterns. Modifications by enhancing proximal stability and adjusting distal loading effectively reduced the asymmetry of muscle activation. Coaches and clinicians can use these results to tailor exercises for athletes with disabilities in training and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Linhong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yijia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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3
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Zhou X, Imai K, Chen Z, Liu X, Watanabe E, Zeng H. The Characteristics of Badminton-Related Pain in Pre-Adolescent and Adolescent Badminton Players. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1501. [PMID: 37761462 PMCID: PMC10530166 DOI: 10.3390/children10091501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Body pain, often considered as an early sign of injury in young players, warrants thorough study. This study aimed to examine the distribution of badminton-related pain and prevalence in pre-adolescent and adolescent badminton players. Profiles of badminton-related pain were surveyed using a questionnaire among 366 pre-adolescent and adolescent badminton players aged 7-12 years. The distribution of badminton-related pain was described, and the pain incidence was calculated. Proportions of pain per 1000-training-hour exposures were the main outcome measures. The analysis considered various age groups (7-8, 9-10, and 11-12 years) and years of badminton experience (≤2, 2-3, and > 3 years). In total, 554 cases of badminton-related pain were reported. The ankle was the most common site, followed by knee, plantar, shoulder, and lower back. The overall pain rate per 1000-training-hour exposure was 3.06. The 11-12-year-old group showed the highest pain rate, significantly greater than the 7-8-year-old group and the 9-10-year-old group. Additionally, the prevalence of pain exhibited an increasing trend with age. Finally, regardless of the age groups, participants with 2-3 years of badminton experience had the highest pain rate. These findings might help inform targeted interventions to reduce the high prevalence of pain in various body regions across pre-adolescent and adolescent badminton players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhou
- School of Physical Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 1538902, Japan;
| | - Kazuhiro Imai
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 1538902, Japan;
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 1538902, Japan;
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada;
| | - Eiji Watanabe
- Institute of Sport, Senshu University, Kawasaki 2148580, Japan;
| | - Hongtao Zeng
- School of Physical Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.Z.); (H.Z.)
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4
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Ha D, Nagai S, Noh B, Mukai N, Miyakawa S, Takemura M. Injury Prevalence among Young Elite Baseball Players. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:134. [PMID: 37505621 PMCID: PMC10383147 DOI: 10.3390/sports11070134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the injury profiles of young Korean baseball players according to position and age as the proportion and distribution of injuries based on playing position and age remains unclear. A total of 271 elite youth baseball players aged 8 to 16 years were divided into two groups: elementary school (ES) (n = 135) and middle school (MS) (n = 136). The participants' basic, baseball practice, and injury information were collected. Injuries in the MS group were not limited to the elbow and shoulder, and injury prevalence varied by age group and baseball position. The most injured body region in the ES group was the elbow joint, regardless of the position. In contrast, the most injured body region in the MS group was the lower back, except for infielders whose elbows were the most injured. Additionally, the MS group was more likely to experience injuries to the lower back (OR = 4.27, 95% CI = 2.47-7.40), shoulder (OR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.08-3.43; p = 0.024), and knee (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.17-3.94; p = 0.012). Our findings indicate that excessive practice and a lack of rest during MS (growth spurt period) can significantly increase the risk of lower back problems in young baseball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daeho Ha
- Department of Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nagai
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tsukuba International University, 6-8-33 Manabe, Tsuchiura 300-0051, Japan
| | - Byungjoo Noh
- Department of Kinesiology, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Naoki Mukai
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Shumpei Miyakawa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takemura
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
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Shiojima Y, Takahashi M, Takahashi R, Maruyama K, Moriyama H, Bagchi D, Bagchi M, Akanuma M. Efficacy and Safety of Dietary Undenatured Type II Collagen on Joint and Motor Function in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2023; 42:224-241. [PMID: 35512781 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.2024466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) is increasing alarmingly worldwide. Slowing down the progression of OA and diverse locomotive organ disorders is gaining interest in improving the quality of life (QOL) and extending healthy life-span. In a pilot study, intake of a small amount of undenatured type II collagen exhibited suppression of damage to the articular cartilage via oral immune tolerance. It also demonstrated improvement of knee and joint flexibility and mobility with continued intake of undenatured type II collagen (NEXT-II®) derived from chicken sternum cartilage. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical investigation (RCT) evaluated the efficacy and safety of 12 weeks of regular intake of NEXT-II® on joint and motor function in healthy Japanese male and female participants (aged 20 to <75 years). Sixty-four participants were randomized to receive either NEXT-II® (undenatured type II collagen 3.2 mg/d) or placebo over a period of 12 consecutive weeks. Efficacy on joint and motor functions were evaluated measuring knee passive range of motion as the primary outcome; the Japan Knee Osteoarthritis Measure (JKOM), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for knee discomfort, and motor functions (10-meter walking and stair-climbing test) as the secondary outcomes; and Japan Low back pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JLEQ) and VAS for lower back discomfort as the exploratory outcomes. Fifty-eight participants (placebo = 28; NEXT-II® group = 30) completed the study. In the assessment of knee passive range of motion, significant improvements in "flexion" and "flexible angle (range)" were observed in the NEXT-II® group at 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment. NEXT-II® induced significant improvements in JKOM, VAS for knee and lower back discomfort, 10-meter walking test, stair-climbing test, and JLEQ. Results demonstrate that undenatured type II collagen is safe and efficacious in improving knee flexibility and mobility, reducing knee and lower back pain, and enhancing motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megumi Takahashi
- Ryusendo Co., Ltd., R&D, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Ultrasound Theranostics, Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryohei Takahashi
- Ryusendo Co., Ltd., R&D, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Ultrasound Theranostics, Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Maruyama
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Theranostics, Faculty of Pharma Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Debasis Bagchi
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA
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6
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Iwatsu J, Yabe Y, Sekiguchi T, Momma H, Tsuchiya M, Kanazawa K, Yoshida S, Sogi Y, Nagatomi R, Hagiwara Y. Knee pain in young sports players aged 6-15 years: a cross-sectional study in Japan. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2023; 15:16. [PMID: 36750958 PMCID: PMC9906902 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00606-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knee is the most commonly injured part of the body in young athletes. Knee pain in several studies have been seen to be more prevalent in active adolescents compared to inactive, although common in both groups. Nevertheless, few studies with large sample size have been published reporting the difference of the prevalence of knee pain for each sport among young sports players. This study investigated the point prevalence of knee pain among young sports players aged 6-15 years old according to age, sex, and sports discipline. Furthermore, this study investigated the association between knee pain and sports discipline among young sports players. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-reported questionnaire on young sports players aged 6-15 years from the Miyagi Amateur Sports Association. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between knee pain and sports discipline and were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), training days per week, and training hours per weekday and weekend. RESULTS A total of 7234 young sports players were included. The point prevalence of knee pain was 10.9%. Females (13.3%) had more knee pain than males (9.8%). Young, 13-year-old sports players had the highest prevalence of knee pain (19.1%). The multivariable analysis showed that the highest odds ratio [95% confidence interval] was observed for handball players (2.42 [1.01-5.81]). In addition, hand ball, mini-basketball (odds ratio 1.85; 95% CI 1.38-2.47), and basketball (odds ratio 1.66; 95% CI 1.23-2.26) were significantly associated with knee pain, compared with football. The lowest odds ratio was observed for swimming (0.34 [0.05-2.54]), followed by karate (odds ratio 0.38; 95% CI 0.16-0.89) and baseball (odds ratio 0.47; 95% CI 0.35-0.64). CONCLUSION The prevalence of knee pain among young athletes differed according to age, sex, and sports discipline. Their parents and clinicians should recognize this information to manage knee pain among young sports players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Iwatsu
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Yutaka Yabe
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Takuya Sekiguchi
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Haruki Momma
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuchiya
- grid.412754.10000 0000 9956 3487Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-8-1 Kunimi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8522 Japan
| | - Kenji Kanazawa
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Shinichirou Yoshida
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Yasuhito Sogi
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 Japan ,grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan. .,Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
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Morimoto M, Okada R, Sugiura K, Manabe H, Inokuchi T, Tezuka F, Yamashita K, Takao S, Fujitani J, Sairyo K. Low Back Pain and Lumbar Degeneration in Japanese Professional Baseball Players. Orthop J Sports Med 2022; 10:23259671221125513. [PMID: 36250034 PMCID: PMC9561668 DOI: 10.1177/23259671221125513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Baseball is one of the most popular sports in Asia. It is known that baseball
can easily lead to back pain. However, there has been no survey of low back
pain (LBP) and lumbar disc degeneration in Japanese professional baseball
players to date. Purpose: To investigate the cause of LBP and lumbar degeneration in professional
Japanese baseball players. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of Japanese professional
baseball players with LBP who visited our hospital. Data were collected from
July 2018 to April 2021. We also investigated whether the results differed
between players in their 20s and 30s or between pitchers and fielders. Data
analysis was performed using the chi-square test. Results: We surveyed 32 professional baseball players. The most frequent causes of LBP
among players in their 20s (n = 21) were lumbar disc herniation (LDH; 57%)
and spondylolysis (24%). Of the players with spondylolysis, 50% had
adult-onset spondylolysis. Players in their 30s (n = 11) most commonly had
discogenic pain (55%) as well as LDH and facet joint arthritis (each 18%).
The incidence of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration was significantly
higher in players in their 30s (91%) than those in their 20s (14%), as was
the incidence of Schmorl nodes and Modic type 1 changes. There was no
significant difference in the cause of LBP or the incidence of lumbar
intervertebral disc degeneration between pitchers and fielders
(P = .59). Conclusion: Among professional baseball players in their 20s, lumbar degeneration was
less common, and they most frequently developed diseases less related to
degeneration, such as LDH. However, among players in their 30s, lumbar
degeneration was more advanced, and degenerative diseases such as discogenic
pain occurred more frequently. Research on training methods could lead to
the prevention of LBP. Our data may be applicable to other professional
athletes and will contribute to diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Morimoto
- Department of Diagnostic Orthopedics, Graduate School, Institute of
Health Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Masatoshi Morimoto, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedics,
Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan (
)
| | - Ryo Okada
- Department of Diagnostic Orthopedics, Graduate School, Institute of
Health Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kosuke Sugiura
- Department of Diagnostic Orthopedics, Graduate School, Institute of
Health Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Manabe
- Department of Diagnostic Orthopedics, Graduate School, Institute of
Health Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Inokuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Orthopedics, Graduate School, Institute of
Health Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Fumitake Tezuka
- Department of Diagnostic Orthopedics, Graduate School, Institute of
Health Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kazuta Yamashita
- Department of Diagnostic Orthopedics, Graduate School, Institute of
Health Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Syoichiro Takao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School, Institute of
Health Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Junzo Fujitani
- Department of Diagnostic Orthopedics, Graduate School, Institute of
Health Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koichi Sairyo
- Department of Diagnostic Orthopedics, Graduate School, Institute of
Health Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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Wall J, Meehan WP, Trompeter K, Gissane C, Mockler D, van Dyk N, Wilson F. Incidence, prevalence and risk factors for low back pain in adolescent athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2022; 56:1299-1306. [PMID: 36150752 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-104749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence, prevalence, risk factors and morphological presentations of low back pain (LBP) in adolescent athletes. DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, CINAHL via EBSCO, Web of Science, Scopus. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Studies evaluating the incidence and/or prevalence of LBP in adolescent athletes across all sports. RESULTS There were 80 studies included. The pooled incidence estimate of LBP in adolescent athletes was 11% (95% CI 8% to 13%, I2=0%) for 2 years, 36.0% (95% CI 4% to 68%, I2=99.3%) for 12 months and 14% (95% CI 7% to 22%, I2=76%) for 6 months incidence estimates. The pooled prevalence estimate of LBP in adolescent athletes was 42% (95% CI 29% to 55%, I2=96.6%) for last 12 months, 46% (95% CI 41.0% to 52%, I2=56%) for last 3 months and 16% (95% CI 9% to 23%, I2=98.3%) for point prevalence. Potential risk factors were sport participation, sport volume/intensity, concurrent lower extremity pain, overweight/high body mass index, older adolescent age, female sex and family history of LBP. The most common morphology reported was spondylolysis. Methodological quality was deemed high in 73% of cross-sectional studies and in 30% of cohort studies. Common reasons for downgrading at quality assessment were use of non-validated survey instruments and imprecision or absence of LBP definition. SUMMARY/CONCLUSION LBP is common among adolescent athletes, although incidence and prevalence vary considerably due to differences in study methodology, definitions of LBP and data collection. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020157206.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Wall
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - William P Meehan
- The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katharina Trompeter
- Department of Applied Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Hochschule für Gesundheit Bochum, Bochum, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany.,Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Conor Gissane
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Mockler
- John Stearne Medical Library, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicol van Dyk
- High Performance Unit, Irish Rugby Football Union, Dublin, Ireland.,Section Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Fiona Wilson
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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Effects of Custom-made Insoles on Plantar Biomechanics and Upper Extremity Muscle Performance. Curr Med Sci 2021; 42:159-168. [PMID: 34846699 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-021-2471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of molding custom-made insoles for female patients with foot pain. METHODS The study included 20 patients whose insoles were prescribed according to biomechanical evaluations and molded by repositioning the subtalar joint in its neutral position using a simple set of tools. Plantar biomechanics were measured under the following conditions: static stand, walking at self-comfortable walking speed (CWS) barefoot, walking in patient owned running shoes, and walking in running shoes plus insoles. Each patient's upper arm isometric muscle strength and subjective feelings before and after the insole intervention were assessed. RESULTS The molded insoles increased plantar contact area both during static standing and walking at CWS compared to the barefoot condition. The insoles also had more evenly distributed plantar contact area and loading rate, with the changes in the medial arch area being most significant. Moreover, the custom-made insole intervention immediately increased maximum resistance and duration of bilateral upper arms, as well as improved foot comfort, especially at the medial arch area during single leg squat tests. CONCLUSION Molding custom-made insoles by repositioning the subtalar joint in its neutral position can be accomplished with a simple set of tools, making this method highly applicable for a majority of less developed regions. Insoles molded using this method are effective in immediately improving plantar biomechanics disorders and enhancing isometric upper muscle performance in female patients with foot pain.
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10
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Zhou X, Imai K, Liu XX, Watanabe E. Epidemiology and pain in elementary school-aged players: a survey of Japanese badminton players participating in the national tournament. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6459. [PMID: 33742024 PMCID: PMC7979692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85937-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is common in athletes which should be well managed. To identify risk factors for shoulder pain, and the association between shoulder pain, lower back pain and knee pain among elementary school-aged badminton players, we conducted a cross-sectional study to collect data of the past year among 611 elementary school age (7-12 years old) badminton players belonging to the Japan Schoolchildren Badminton Federation using a questionnaire. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The overall incidence rate of shoulder injuries, lower back injuries and knee injuries was 0.38 injuries per 1000 h of badminton training. Players with training time per day > 2.5 h were 2.64 times (95% CI 1.03-6.78, p = 0.043) more likely to sustain shoulder pain than those with training time per day ≤ 2.5 h. A significant association was revealed between shoulder pain and knee pain as well as between lower back pain and knee pain as training hours per day > 2.5 h. Moreover, lower back pain was significantly associated with shoulder pain independent of training hours per day (≤ 2.5 h: p = 0.001; > 2.5 h: p < 0.001). These findings indicate that training time per day is risk factor, and shoulder pain, lower back pain and knee pain were associated with each other in elementary school-aged badminton players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhou
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Imai
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Xiao-Xuan Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Eiji Watanabe
- Institute of Sport, Senshu University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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Evaluation Instruments for Assessing Back Pain in Athletes: A Systematic Review Protocol. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8040574. [PMID: 33561044 PMCID: PMC7766916 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Back pain is a public health problem that affects adolescents and adults worldwide. However, studies on back pain present inconsistent findings in part due to the use of different instruments, especially for athletes. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review protocol was to map the existing evidence on such tools. The systematic review will be conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Five electronic databases, Embase, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, and Scopus will be searched. This review includes studies that investigated prevalence, incidence, and other variables. Titles and abstracts will be selected. Two independent reviewers will read the articles carefully and discrepancies, if any, will be dealt with by a third reviewer. All steps will be completed with Rayyan for systematic reviews and the methodological quality will be analyzed with a COSMIN checklist. Discussion: This systematic review will gather evidence on tools that assess back pain in athletes. The findings may indicate the most appropriate tools for assessing back pain. They will contribute to better reliability, safe measurements, and help to standardize a comparison tool between different studies. They will also assist in the development of specific tools for athletes. Registration: This review was submitted and registered under CRD42020201299 in PROSPERO.
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Yabe Y, Hagiwara Y, Sekiguchi T, Momma H, Tsuchiya M, Kanazawa K, Itaya N, Yoshida S, Sogi Y, Yano T, Onoki T, Itoi E, Nagatomi R. High prevalence of low back pain among young basketball players with lower extremity pain: a cross-sectional study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2020; 12:40. [PMID: 32655870 PMCID: PMC7339456 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-020-00189-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Low back pain (LBP) is a common problem among young basketball players in addition to lower extremity injuries. However, studies that focus on LBP with lower extremity pain are limited. From the perspective of the kinematic chain, disrupted lower extremity function can lead to LBP. The association between these two symptoms in basketball players, however, has not been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the association between lower extremity pain and LBP among young basketball players. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on school-aged basketball players (n = 592). Information regarding their sporting activities was collected using a self-reported questionnaire. Musculoskeletal pain such as low back, knee, and ankle pain was assessed. The sports players with knee and/or ankle pain were defined as having lower extremity pain. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between lower extremity pain and LBP. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. The associations of knee or ankle pain with LBP were similarly assessed. Results School-aged basketball players had a point prevalence of 12.8% for LBP. Compared with the players without lower extremity pain, the players with lower extremity pain had higher rates of LBP, with an adjusted OR (95% CI) of 6.21 (3.57-10.80). There was also a significant association of knee and ankle pain with LBP. Compared with the players without knee or ankle pain, the adjusted ORs (95% CI) for LBP were 4.25 (2.55-7.07) in the players with knee pain and 3.79 (2.26-6.36) in the players with ankle pain. Conclusions Lower extremity pain was associated with LBP among school-aged basketball players. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanism of this association, which will provide useful information for prevention and treatment of LBP among young basketball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Yabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan.,Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Takuya Sekiguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Haruki Momma
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-8-1 Kunimi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8522 Japan
| | - Kenji Kanazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Itaya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Shinichirou Yoshida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Yasuhito Sogi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Toshihisa Yano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Takahiro Onoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Eiji Itoi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574 Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan.,Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
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13
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Yabe Y, Hagiwara Y, Sekiguchi T, Momma H, Tsuchiya M, Kanazawa K, Itaya N, Yoshida S, Sogi Y, Yano T, Onoki T, Itoi E, Nagatomi R. Association between lower back pain and lower extremity pain among young volleyball players: A cross-sectional study. Phys Ther Sport 2020; 43:65-69. [PMID: 32092669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower back pain (LBP), as well as lower extremity injuries, are major problems among young volleyball players. Nevertheless, only few studies have focused on the relationship between lower extremity injuries and LBP. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between LBP and lower extremity pain, including knee and ankle pain, among young volleyball players. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Amateur sports association. PARTICIPANTS Elementary and middle school-aged athletes (6-15 years of age). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES LBP and lower extremity pain. RESULTS A total of 566 young volleyball players participated in this study. The point prevalence of LBP among young volleyball players was 9.5%. Using absence of lower extremity pain as a reference, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for LBP was 11.07 (5.64-21.71) in the presence of lower extremity pain. CONCLUSIONS LBP is associated with Lower extremity pain among young volleyball players. Careful attention should be paid to lower extremity complaints to prevent and treat LBP among young volleyball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Yabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hagiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan; Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Takuya Sekiguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Haruki Momma
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuchiya
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Tohoku Fukushi University, 1-8-1 Kunimi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8522, Japan
| | - Kenji Kanazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Itaya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shinichirou Yoshida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Sogi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Yano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Takahiro Onoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Eiji Itoi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8574, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nagatomi
- Department of Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan; Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
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