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Sahota O, Narayanasamy M, Bastounis A, Paskins Z, Bishop S, Langley T, Gittoes N, Davis S, Baily A, Holmes M, Leonardi-Bee J. Bisphosphonate alternative regimens for the prevention of osteoporotic fragility fractures: BLAST-OFF, a mixed-methods study. Health Technol Assess 2024; 28:1-169. [PMID: 38634483 PMCID: PMC11056815 DOI: 10.3310/wypf0472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bisphosphonates are a class of medication commonly used to treat osteoporosis. Alendronate is recommended as the first-line treatment; however, long-term adherence (both treatment compliance and persistence) is poor. Alternative bisphosphonates are available, which can be given intravenously and have been shown to improve long-term adherence. However, the most clinically effective and cost-effective alternative bisphosphonate regimen remains unclear. What is the most cost-effective bisphosphonate in clinical trials may not be the most cost-effective or acceptable to patients in everyday clinical practice. Objectives 1. Explore patient, clinician and stakeholder views, experiences and preferences of alendronate compared to alternative bisphosphonates. 2. Update and refine the 2016 systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis of bisphosphonates, and estimate the value of further research into their benefits. 3. Undertake stakeholder/consensus engagement to identify important research questions and further rank research priorities. Methods The study was conducted in two stages, stages 1A and 1B in parallel, followed by stage 2: • Stage 1A - we elicited patient and healthcare experiences to understand their preferences of bisphosphonates for the treatment of osteoporosis. This was undertaken by performing a systematic review and framework synthesis of qualitative studies, followed by semistructured qualitative interviews with participants. • Stage 1B - we updated and expanded the existing Health Technology Assessment systematic review and clinical and cost-effectiveness model, incorporating a more comprehensive review of treatment efficacy, safety, side effects, compliance and long-term persistence. • Stage 2 - we identified and ranked further research questions that need to be answered about the effectiveness and acceptability of bisphosphonates. Results Patients and healthcare professionals identified a number of challenges in adhering to bisphosphonate medication, balancing the potential for long-term risk reduction against the work involved in adhering to oral alendronate. Intravenous zoledronate treatment was generally more acceptable, with such regimens perceived to be more straightforward to engage in, although a portion of patients taking alendronate were satisfied with their current treatment. Intravenous zoledronate was found to be the most effective, with higher adherence rates compared to the other bisphosphonates, for reducing the risk of fragility fracture. However, oral bisphosphonates are more cost-effective than intravenous zoledronate due to the high cost of zoledronate administration in hospital. The importance of including patients and healthcare professionals when setting research priorities is recognised. Important areas for research were related to patient factors influencing treatment selection and effectiveness, how to optimise long-term care and the cost-effectiveness of delivering zoledronate in an alternative, non-hospital setting. Conclusions Intravenous zoledronate treatment was generally more acceptable to patients and found to be the most effective bisphosphonate and with greater adherence; however, the cost-effectiveness relative to oral alendronate is limited by its higher zoledronate hospital administration costs. Future work Further research is needed to support people to make decisions influencing treatment selection, effectiveness and optimal long-term care, together with the clinical and cost-effectiveness of intravenous zoledronate administered in a non-hospital (community) setting. Limitations Lack of clarity and limitations in the many studies included in the systematic review may have under-interpreted some of the findings relating to effects of bisphosphonates. Trial registration This trial is registered as ISRCTN10491361. Funding This award was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme (NIHR award ref: NIHR127550) and is published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 28, No. 21. See the NIHR Funding and Awards website for further award information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Opinder Sahota
- Department of Health Care for Older People, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | - Zoe Paskins
- School of Medicine, Keele University and Haywood Academic Rheumatology Centre, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Simon Bishop
- Business School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tessa Langley
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Neil Gittoes
- Centre for Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sarah Davis
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ann Baily
- Lay Member, Nottingham Osteoporosis Society Patient Support group, Nottingham, UK
| | - Moira Holmes
- Lay Member, Nottingham Osteoporosis Society Patient Support group, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jo Leonardi-Bee
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Salave S, Rana D, Benival D. Dual Targeting Anti-Osteoporotic Therapy through Potential Nanotherapeutic Approaches. Pharm Nanotechnol 2022; 10:PNT-EPUB-126119. [PMID: 36056842 DOI: 10.2174/2211738510666220902124653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is characterised by a major public health burden, particularly taking into account the ageing global population. Therapeutic modalities for osteoporosis are categorised on the basis of their effect on bone remodeling: antiresorptive agents and anabolic agents. Anabolic drugs are favoured as they promote the formation of new bone, whereas antiresorptive drugs terminate the further deterioration of bone. Non-specific delivery of anabolic agents results in prolonged kidney exposure causing malignant hypercalcemia, whereas antiresorptive agents and bisphosphonates may produce osteonecrosis of the jaw. Several clinical trials have been reported for combinational therapy of anabolic agents and antiresorptive agents for osteoporosis. However, none of them have proven their cumulative effectiveness in the treatment of disease. The present work emphasizes on dual-targeting drug delivery approach comprising of bone anabolic and antiresorptive agents that would deliver the therapeutic agents to both the zones of bone simultaneously. The anticipated pioneering delivery approach will intensify the explicit interaction between the therapeutic agent and bone surfaces separately without developing severe adverse effects and improve the osteoporotic therapy effectively compared to non-targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Salave
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, India
| | - Dhwani Rana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, India
| | - Derajram Benival
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, India
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Bastounis A, Langley T, Davis S, Paskins Z, Gittoes N, Leonardi‐Bee J, Sahota O. Assessing the effectiveness of bisphosphonates for the prevention of fragility fractures: an updated systematic review and network meta‐analyses. JBMR Plus 2022; 6:e10620. [PMID: 35509636 PMCID: PMC9059468 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates have been found to be effective in preventing fragility fractures. However, their comparative effectiveness in populations at risk has yet to be defined. In light of recent clinical trials, we aimed to compare four bisphosphonates (alendronate, ibandronate, risedronate, and zoledronate) and to identify which are the most effective for the prevention of fragility fractures. This is an update of a systematic review previously published as part of a NICE HTA report. We conducted a systematic review and network meta‐analysis, updating the estimates regarding the comparative effectiveness of the aforementioned bisphosphonates. Studies identified from published and unpublished sources between 2014 and 2021 were added to the studies identified in the previous review. Screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were independently undertaken by two reviewers. Outcomes were fractures, femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD), mortality, and adverse events. We identified 25 additional trials, resulting in a total population of 47,007 participants. All treatments had beneficial effects on fractures versus placebo with zoledronate being the most effective treatment in preventing vertebral fractures (hazard ratio [HR] 0.38; 95% credibility interval [CrI], 0.28–0.49). Zoledronate (HR 0.71; 95% CrI, 0.61–0.81) and risedronate (HR 0.70; 95% CrI, 0.53–0.84) were found to be the most effective treatments in preventing nonvertebral fractures. All treatments were associated with increases in femoral neck BMD versus placebo with zoledronate being the most effective treatment mean difference (MD 4.02; 95% CrI, 3.2–4.84). There was a paucity of data regarding hip and wrist fractures. Depending on its cost‐effectiveness, zoledronate could be considered a first‐line option for people at increased risk of fragility fractures. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Bastounis
- Division of Epidemiology & Public Health School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, City Hospital Nottingham UK
| | - Tessa Langley
- Division of Epidemiology & Public Health School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, City Hospital Nottingham UK
| | - Sarah Davis
- School of Health and Related Research, Regent Court (ScHARR) University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DA UK
| | - Zoe Paskins
- School of Medicine Keele University Keele UK
- Haywood Academic Rheumatology Centre, Midlands Partnership NHS Foundation Trust Stoke‐on‐Trent Staffordshire UK
| | - Neil Gittoes
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM) University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Birmingham UK
| | - Jo Leonardi‐Bee
- Division of Epidemiology & Public Health School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, City Hospital Nottingham UK
| | - Opinder Sahota
- Queens Medical Centre (QMC), University of Nottingham Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust Nottingham UK
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Riccardi D, Ward JPT, Yarova PL, Janssen LJ, Lee TH, Ying S, Corrigan CJ. Topical therapy with negative allosteric modulators of the calcium-sensing receptor (calcilytics) for the management of asthma: the beginning of a new era? Eur Respir J 2022; 60:13993003.02103-2021. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02103-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In this review article we present the evidence to date supporting the role of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) as a key, pluripotential molecular trigger for asthma and speculate on the likely benefits of topical therapy of asthma with negative allosteric modulators of the CaSR: calcilytics.
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Saag K, Cosman F, De Villiers T, Langdahl B, Scott BB, Denker AE, Pong A, Santora AC. Early changes in bone turnover and bone mineral density after discontinuation of long-term oral bisphosphonates: a post hoc analysis. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1879-1888. [PMID: 33606045 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05785-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This post hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind study of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis found that there were early increases in bone turnover markers and decreases in bone mineral density after discontinuation of long-term alendronate. These findings might help guide treatment decisions, including monitoring after alendronate withdrawal. INTRODUCTION The short-term effects of discontinuing long-term bisphosphonates are poorly characterized. This post hoc analysis investigated 1-12-month changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers (BTM) after alendronate (ALN) discontinuation. METHODS Data were from a randomized, double-blind trial of MK-5442 (calcium-sensing receptor antagonist) following oral bisphosphonates, with placebo and continued ALN controls ( ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00996801). Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis had received oral bisphosphonate (≥ 3-4 preceding years; ALN for the 12 months pre-screening), continuing on ALN 70 mg/week (n = 87) or placebo (n = 88). RESULTS At 12 months, least-squares mean percent changes from baseline BMD (placebo vs. ALN) were lumbar spine (LS): - 0.36 vs. 1.29, total hip: - 1.44 vs. 0.46, and femoral neck (FN): - 1.26 vs. - 0.08 (all P < 0.05). BTM levels increased by 1-3 months, to 12 months, with placebo vs. ALN (P < 0.001). FN BMD decline was greater in the placebo subgroup with higher urinary N-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen/creatinine [uNTx/Cr] (P < 0.01), and higher serum N-terminal pro-peptide of type 1 collagen [P1NP] levels (P < 0.05), at baseline. There was a trend toward greater FN BMD loss with higher BTM levels at 3 and/or 6 months. Younger age and higher LS BMD at baseline were associated with greater LS BMD loss at 12 months (P = 0.04 and < 0.01, respectively); higher baseline FN BMD predicted greater FN BMD loss (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION Early changes in BTM levels and BMD were observed after discontinuation of long-term ALN. Further characterization of factors associated with patients' risk of bone loss upon bisphosphonate discontinuation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Saag
- University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - F Cosman
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - T De Villiers
- Stellenbosch University and Mediclinic Panorama, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - B Langdahl
- Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - B B Scott
- Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | | | - A Pong
- Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, USA
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Josephs TM, Keller AN, Khajehali E, DeBono A, Langmead CJ, Conigrave AD, Capuano B, Kufareva I, Gregory KJ, Leach K. Negative allosteric modulators of the human calcium-sensing receptor bind to overlapping and distinct sites within the 7-transmembrane domain. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:1917-1930. [PMID: 31881094 PMCID: PMC7070164 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) that target the calcium-sensing receptor (CaS receptor) were originally developed for the treatment of osteoporosis by stimulating the release of endogenous parathyroid hormone, but failed in human clinical trials. Several chemically and structurally distinct NAM scaffolds have been described, but it is not known how these different scaffolds interact with the CaS receptor to inhibit receptor signalling in response to agonists. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In the present study, we used a mutagenesis approach combined with analytical pharmacology and computational modelling to probe the binding sites of four distinct NAM scaffolds. KEY RESULTS Although all four scaffolds bind to the 7-transmembrane and/or extracellular or intracellular loops, they occupy distinct regions, as previously shown for positive allosteric modulators of the CaS receptor. Furthermore, different NAM scaffolds mediate negative allosteric modulation via distinct amino acid networks. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These findings aid our understanding of how different NAMs bind to and inhibit the CaS receptor. Elucidation of allosteric binding sites in the CaS receptor has implications for the discovery of novel allosteric modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy M. Josephs
- Drug Discovery Biology and Department of Pharmacology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Andrew N. Keller
- Drug Discovery Biology and Department of Pharmacology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Elham Khajehali
- Drug Discovery Biology and Department of Pharmacology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Aaron DeBono
- Drug Discovery Biology and Department of Pharmacology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Christopher J. Langmead
- Drug Discovery Biology and Department of Pharmacology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Arthur D. Conigrave
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Ben Capuano
- Drug Discovery Biology and Department of Pharmacology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Irina Kufareva
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCAUSA
| | - Karen J. Gregory
- Drug Discovery Biology and Department of Pharmacology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Katie Leach
- Drug Discovery Biology and Department of Pharmacology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityParkvilleVICAustralia
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7
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Zhang Q, Nettleship I, Schmelzer E, Gerlach J, Zhang X, Wang J, Liu C. Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Therapies for Cell Senescence in Bone and Cartilage. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 26:64-78. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghao Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ian Nettleship
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eva Schmelzer
- Department of Surgery, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jorg Gerlach
- Department of Surgery, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xuewei Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Changsheng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Abstract
The efficacious dose of a drug is perhaps the most holistic metric reflecting its therapeutic potential. Dose is predicted at many stages in drug discovery and development. Prior to the 1990s, dose prediction was limited to the drug "working" at a reasonable dose and dose regimen in an animal model. Through the early 2000s, dose predictions were generated at candidate nomination and then refined during clinical development. Currently, dose predictions can be made early in drug discovery to enable drug design. Dose predictions at this stage can identify critical drug properties for a viable dose regimen and provide clinically relevant context to lead optimization. In this paper, we give an overview of the opportunities and challenges associated with dose prediction for drug design. A number of general considerations, approaches, and case examples are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan S Maurer
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | | | - Kevin Beaumont
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Li Di
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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Abstract
The 11 existing FDA-approved osteoporosis drug treatments include hormone replacement therapy, 2 SERMs (raloxifene and bazedoxifene), 5 inhibitors of bone-resorbing osteoclasts (4 bisphosphonates and anti-RANKL denosumab), 2 parathyroid hormone analogues (teriparatide and abaloparatide), and 1 WNT signaling enhancer (romosozumab). These therapies are effective and provide multiple options for patients and physicians. As the genomic revolution continues, potential novel targets for future drug development are identified. This review takes a wide perspective to describe potentially rewarding topics to explore, including knowledge of genes and pathways involved in bone cell metabolism, the utility of animal models, targeting drugs to bone, and ongoing advances in drug design and delivery.
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Pal S, Porwal K, Singh H, Malik MY, Rashid M, Kulkarni C, Khan Y, Jagavelu K, Wahajuddin M, Chattopadhyay N. Reversal of Osteopenia in Ovariectomized Rats by Pentoxifylline: Evidence of Osteogenic and Osteo-Angiogenic Roles of the Drug. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 105:294-307. [PMID: 31175387 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-019-00567-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor and is used for the management of intermittent claudication. We tested whether PTX has oral efficacy in stimulating new bone formation. Rat calvarial osteoblasts (RCO) were used to study the effect of PTX on osteoblast differentiation and angiogenesis. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies were carried out in rats to determine an oral dose of PTX. In ovariectomized (OVX) rats with osteopenia, the effect of PTX on various skeletal parameters was studied, and compared with teriparatide. Effect of PTX on angiogenic signaling was studied by immunoblotting and relevant pharmacologic inhibitors. Bone vascularity was measured by intravenous injection of polystyrene fluorospheres followed by in vivo imaging, and angiogenesis was studied in vitro by tubulogenesis of endothelial cells and in vivo by Matrigel plug assay. Effective concentration (EC50) of PTX in RCO was 8.2 nM and plasma PTX level was 7 nM/mL after single oral dosing of 25 mg/kg, which was 1/6th the clinically used dose. At this dose, PTX enhanced bone regeneration at femur osteotomy site and completely restored bone mass, microarchitecture, and strength in OVX rats. Furthermore, PTX increased surface referent bone formation parameters and serum bone formation marker (PINP) without affecting the resorption marker (CTX-1). PTX increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor in bones and osteoblasts. PTX also increased skeletal vascularity, tubulogenesis of endothelial cells and in vivo angiogenesis. Taken together, our study suggested that PTX at 16% of adult human oral dose completely reversed osteopenia in OVX rats by osteogenic and osteo-angiogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Konica Porwal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Himalaya Singh
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | - Mamunur Rashid
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Chirag Kulkarni
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Yasir Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | | | | | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow, 226031, India.
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Pal S, Porwal K, Khanna K, Gautam MK, Malik MY, Rashid M, Macleod RJ, Wahajuddin M, Parameswaran V, Bellare JR, Chattopadhyay N. Oral dosing of pentoxifylline, a pan-phosphodiesterase inhibitor restores bone mass and quality in osteopenic rabbits by an osteogenic mechanism: A comparative study with human parathyroid hormone. Bone 2019; 123:28-38. [PMID: 30858147 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The non-selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor pentoxifylline (PTX) is used for the treatment of intermittent claudication due to artery occlusion. Previous studies in rodents have reported salutary effects of the intraperitoneal administration of PTX in segmental bone defect and fracture healing, as well as stimulation of bone formation. We determined the effect of orally dosed PTX in skeletally mature ovariectomized (OVX) rabbits with osteopenia. The half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) of PTX in rabbit bone marrow stromal cells was 3.07 ± 1.37 nM. The plasma PTX level was 2.05 ± 0.522 nM after a single oral dose of 12.5mg/kg, which was one-sixth of the adult human dose of PTX. Four months of daily oral dosing of PTX at 12.5 mg/kg to osteopenic rabbits completely restored bone mineral density, bone mineral content (BMC), microarchitecture and bone strength to the level of the sham-operated (ovary intact) group. The bone strength to BMC relationship between PTX and sham was similar. The bone restorative effect of PTX was observed in both axial and appendicular bones. In osteopenic rabbits, PTX increased serum amino-terminal propeptide, mineralized nodule formation by stromal cells and osteogenic gene expression in bone. PTX reversed decreased calcium weight percentage and poor crystal packing found in osteopenic rabbits. Furthermore, similar to parathyroid hormone (PTH), PTX had no effect on bone resorption. Taken together, our data show that PTX completely restored bone mass, bone strength and bone mineral properties by an anabolic mechanism. PTX has the potential to become an oral osteogenic drug for the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashis Pal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Konica Porwal
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Kunal Khanna
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gautam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | | | - Mamunur Rashid
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CDRI-CSIR, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - R John Macleod
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Jayesh R Bellare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Naibedya Chattopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lucknow 226031, India.
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Feng R, Ding F, Mi XH, Liu SF, Jiang AL, Liu BH, Lian Y, Shi Q, Wang YJ, Zhang Y. Protective Effects of Ligustroflavone, an Active Compound from Ligustrum lucidum, on Diabetes-Induced Osteoporosis in Mice: A Potential Candidate as Calcium-Sensing Receptor Antagonist. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:457-476. [PMID: 30834778 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x1950023x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ligustroflavone is one major compound contained in active fraction from Fructus Ligustri Lucidi (the fruit of Ligustrum lucidum), which could regulate parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and improve calcium balance by acting on calcium-sensing receptors (CaSR). This study aimed to explore the potency of ligustroflavone as a CaSR antagonist and its protective effects against diabetic osteoporosis in mice. LF interacted well with the allosteric site of CaSR shown by molecular docking analysis, increased PTH release of primary parathyroid gland cells and suppressed extracellular calcium influx in HEK-293 cells. The serum level of PTH attained peak value at 2 h and maintained high during the period of 1 h and 3 h than that before treatment in mice after a single dose of LF. Treatment of diabetic mice with LF inhibited the decrease in calcium level of serum and bone and the enhancement in urinary calcium excretion as well as elevated circulating PTH levels. Trabecular bone mineral density and micro-architecture were markedly improved in diabetic mice upon to LF treatment for 8 weeks. LF reduced CaSR mRNA and protein expression in the kidneys of diabetic mice. Taken together, ligustroflavone could transiently increase PTH level and regulate calcium metabolism as well as prevent osteoporosis in diabetic mice, suggesting that ligustroflavone might be an effective antagonist on CaSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Feng
- * Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Fan Ding
- * Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Hua Mi
- † Section of Nephrology, Yangpu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shanghai 200090, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Fen Liu
- * Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.,‡ Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Ai-Ling Jiang
- § School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P. R. China
| | - Bi-Hui Liu
- ¶ Department of Orthopaedic, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopaedic Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, P. R. China
| | - Yin Lian
- ¶ Department of Orthopaedic, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopaedic Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, P. R. China
| | - Qi Shi
- * Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.,‡ Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Jun Wang
- * Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.,‡ Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- * Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China.,‡ Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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Dede AD, Makras P, Anastasilakis AD. Investigational anabolic agents for the treatment of osteoporosis: an update on recent developments. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2017; 26:1137-1144. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2017.1371136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia D Dede
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
- Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System ‘Th. Garofalidis,’ KAT Hospital, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Polyzois Makras
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, 251 Hellenic Air Force & VA General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Affiliation(s)
- T. J. de Villiers
- Mediclinic Panorama and Department of Gynecology, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
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Mayr B, Glaudo M, Schöfl C. Activating Calcium-Sensing Receptor Mutations: Prospects for Future Treatment with Calcilytics. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2016; 27:643-652. [PMID: 27339034 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Activating mutations of the G protein-coupled receptor, calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), cause autosomal dominant hypocalcemia and Bartter syndrome type 5. These mutations lower the set-point for extracellular calcium sensing, thereby causing decreased parathyroid hormone secretion and disturbed renal calcium handling with hypercalciuria. Available therapies increase serum calcium levels but raise the risk of complications in affected patients. Symptom relief and the prevention of adverse outcome is currently very difficult to achieve. Calcilytics act as CaSR antagonists that attenuate its activity, thereby correcting the molecular defect of activating CaSR proteins in vitro and elevating serum calcium in mice and humans in vivo, and have emerged as the most promising therapeutics for the treatment of these rare and difficult to treat diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Mayr
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany.
| | - Markus Glaudo
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Christof Schöfl
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
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16
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17
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Mayr B, Schnabel D, Dörr HG, Schöfl C. GENETICS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Gain and loss of function mutations of the calcium-sensing receptor and associated proteins: current treatment concepts. Eur J Endocrinol 2016; 174:R189-208. [PMID: 26646938 DOI: 10.1530/eje-15-1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) is the main calcium sensor in the maintenance of calcium metabolism. Mutations of the CASR, the G protein alpha 11 (GNA11) and the adaptor-related protein complex 2 sigma 1 subunit (AP2S1) genes can shift the set point for calcium sensing causing hyper- or hypo-calcemic disorders. Therapeutic concepts for these rare diseases range from general therapies of hyper- and hypo-calcemic conditions to more pathophysiology oriented approaches such as parathyroid hormone (PTH) substitution and allosteric CASR modulators. Cinacalcet is a calcimimetic that enhances receptor function and has gained approval for the treatment of hyperparathyroidism. Calcilytics in turn attenuate CASR activity and are currently under investigation for the treatment of various diseases. We conducted a literature search for reports about treatment of patients harboring inactivating or activating CASR, GNA11 or AP2S1 mutants and about in vitro effects of allosteric CASR modulators on mutated CASR. The therapeutic concepts for patients with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH), neonatal hyperparathyroidism (NHPT), neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism (NSHPT) and autosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH) are reviewed. FHH is usually benign, but symptomatic patients benefit from cinacalcet. In NSHPT patients pamidronate effectively lowers serum calcium, but most patients require parathyroidectomy. In some patients cinacalcet can obviate the need for surgery, particularly in heterozygous NHPT. Symptomatic ADH patients respond to vitamin D and calcium supplementation but this may increase calciuria and renal complications. PTH treatment can reduce relative hypercalciuria. None of the currently available therapies for ADH, however, prevent tissue calcifications and complications, which may become possible with calcilytics that correct the underlying pathophysiologic defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Mayr
- Division of Endocrinology and DiabetesDepartment of Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, GermanyCenter for Chronic Sick ChildrenPediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, GermanyDivision of Paediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDepartment of Paediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk Schnabel
- Division of Endocrinology and DiabetesDepartment of Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, GermanyCenter for Chronic Sick ChildrenPediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, GermanyDivision of Paediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDepartment of Paediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helmuth-Günther Dörr
- Division of Endocrinology and DiabetesDepartment of Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, GermanyCenter for Chronic Sick ChildrenPediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, GermanyDivision of Paediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDepartment of Paediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christof Schöfl
- Division of Endocrinology and DiabetesDepartment of Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, GermanyCenter for Chronic Sick ChildrenPediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, GermanyDivision of Paediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDepartment of Paediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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