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Leungsuwan DS, Chandran M. Bone Fragility in Diabetes and its Management: A Narrative Review. Drugs 2024:10.1007/s40265-024-02078-5. [PMID: 39103693 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-024-02078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Bone fragility is a serious yet under-recognised complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Multiple complex pathophysiological mechanisms mediating bone fragility amongst DM patients have been proposed and identified. Fracture risk in both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to be understated and underestimated by conventional risk assessment tools, posing an additional challenge to the identification of at-risk patients who may benefit from earlier intervention or preventive strategies. Over the years, an increasing body of evidence has demonstrated the efficacy of osteo-pharmacological agents in managing skeletal fragility in DM. This review seeks to elaborate on the risk of bone fragility in DM, the underlying pathogenesis and skeletal alterations, the approach to fracture risk assessment in DM, management strategies and therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manju Chandran
- Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, 20 College Road, ACADEMIA, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.
- DUKE NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
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Qu B, Zeng Z, Yang H, He J, Jiang T, Xu X, Liu J, Li Y, Xiang D, Pan X. Resveratrol reversed rosiglitazone administration induced bone loss in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117208. [PMID: 39088966 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Rosiglitazone (RSG), as an insulin-sensitizing drug to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is reported to decrease bone quality and increase bone fracture risk. The multiple off-target effects of Resveratrol (RSV), a natural specific agonist of Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) with pro-osteoblastogenesis and anti-adipogenesis effects, on bone loss in T2DM are still under discussion. In this study, successfully ovariectomized rats were fed with high-fat diet and STZ (HFD/STZ) to induced T2DM mice. RSV alone, RSG alone or co-administration of RSV and RSG were given orally to T2DM rats for 8 weeks to determine whether RSV administration had any prevention effect on T2DM osteoporosis. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and bone marrow‑derived macrophages (BMMs) were cultured under high glucose condition and were induced to osteoblasts or adipocytes and osteoclasts, respectively. μCT and HE staining showed that in T2DM osteoporotic rats, RSV co-administration prevents RSG induced-bone loss. ELISA results confirmed that RSV suppressed osteoclast activity and promoted osteoblast activity in diabetic osteoporosis rats and RSG-administrated diabetic osteoporosis rats. In vitro study showed that RSV significantly reversed RSG induced inhibition on osteogenesis and promotion on adiopogenesis of BMSC under high glucose (HG). Moreover, RSV significantly reverse RSG induced osteoclast formation and mature under HG. Taken together, these findings uncover a previously unappreciated anti-osteoporosis effect of concomitant treatment with RSV in RSG-administrated diabetic rats, suggesting the clinical use of RSV as an adjuvant in the treatment of T2DM for preventing or reversing RSG administration-associated bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Zhimou Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Hongsheng Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Jinwang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Yugang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Deng Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Xianming Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China.
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Alghamdi BA. Alkaline Water Mitigates Bone Loss in Streptozotocin-Induced Type II Diabetic Rats. Cureus 2024; 16:e59833. [PMID: 38846188 PMCID: PMC11156442 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A decline in bone mineral density is a defining feature of osteoporosis, which is a prevalent bone complication associated with diabetes. This study aims to shed light on the protective effect of Zamzam water (ZW), a famous alkaline water, on diabetes-induced osteoporosis. Methodology Of a total of 40 male rats, 10 male rats each were divided into the following four groups: group I (normal control rats), group II (ZW group), group III (diabetic rats), and group IV (DM + ZW). Anteroposterior and lateral X-rays were taken of the rats in each group before the end of the experiment. The study assessed serum levels of inflammatory markers including interleukin 6, interleukin-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha; bone formation markers including osteocalcin (OC); alkaline phosphatase (ALP); and bone resorption markers including the N-terminal telopeptide of collagen type I (NTX-1), bone deoxypyridinoline (DPD), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP-5b). Results Rats with diabetes who consumed ZW exhibited a significant (p < 0.001) increase in OC and ALP bone formation markers and a decrease in NTX-1, DPD, and TRAP-5b bone resorption markers, with improvements in the X-ray image of the vertebral column at the L6 vertebra level. Conclusions ZW improved diabetes-induced osteoporosis in rats by enhancing osteoblastic activity and downregulating osteoclastic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandar A Alghamdi
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudhah, SAU
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Kim S, Yoo JW, Lee JW, Jung MH, Cho B, Suh BK, Ahn MB, Chung NG. Association of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 with Bone Mineral Density in Survivors of Childhood Acute Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1296. [PMID: 38610974 PMCID: PMC11011034 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated bone mineral deficits in children who survived childhood acute leukemia and explored the association between the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) level and bone mineral density (BMD). This retrospective analysis enrolled 214 patients treated for acute leukemia, measuring various factors including height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and lumbar spine BMD after the end of treatment. The study found an overall prevalence of low BMD in 15% of participants. Notably, IGF-1 levels were significantly different between patients with low BMD and those with normal BMD, and correlation analyses revealed associations of the IGF-1 level and BMI with lumbar spine BMD. Regression analyses further supported this relationship, suggesting that higher IGF-1 levels were associated with a decreased risk of low BMD. The study findings suggest that IGF-1 may serve as a valuable tool for evaluating and predicting osteoporosis in survivors of childhood acute leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Moon Bae Ahn
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (J.W.Y.); (J.W.L.); (M.H.J.); (B.C.); (B.-K.S.)
| | - Nack-Gyun Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (S.K.); (J.W.Y.); (J.W.L.); (M.H.J.); (B.C.); (B.-K.S.)
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Meier C, Eastell R, Pierroz DD, Lane NE, Al-Daghri N, Suzuki A, Napoli N, Mithal A, Chakhtoura M, Fuleihan GEH, Ferrari S. Biochemical Markers of Bone Fragility in Patients with Diabetes. A Narrative Review by the IOF and the ECTS. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:dgad255. [PMID: 37155585 PMCID: PMC10505554 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The risk of fragility fractures is increased in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Numerous biochemical markers reflecting bone and/or glucose metabolism have been evaluated in this context. This review summarizes current data on biochemical markers in relation to bone fragility and fracture risk in diabetes. METHODS Literature review by a group of experts from the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS) focusing on biochemical markers, diabetes, diabetes treatments and bone in adults. RESULTS Although bone resorption and bone formation markers are low and poorly predictive of fracture risk in diabetes, osteoporosis drugs seem to change bone turnover markers in diabetics similarly to non-diabetics, with similar reductions in fracture risk. Several other biochemical markers related to bone and glucose metabolism have been correlated with BMD and/or fracture risk in diabetes, including osteocyte-related markers such as sclerostin, HbA1c and advanced glycation end products (AGEs), inflammatory markers and adipokines, as well as IGF-1 and calciotropic hormones. CONCLUSION Several biochemical markers and hormonal levels related to bone and/or glucose metabolism have been associated with skeletal parameters in diabetes. Currently, only HbA1c levels seem to provide a reliable estimate of fracture risk, while bone turnover markers could be used to monitor the effects of anti-osteoporosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Meier
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Richard Eastell
- Academic Unit of Bone Metabolism, Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, S57AU Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Nancy E Lane
- Department of Medicine and Rheumatology, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Nasser Al-Daghri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atsushi Suzuki
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Nicola Napoli
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Ambrish Mithal
- Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Max Healthcare, Saket, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Marlene Chakhtoura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Calcium Metabolism and Osteoporosis Program, WHO Collaborating Center for Metabolic Bone Disorders, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 6044, Lebanon
| | - Ghada El-Hajj Fuleihan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Calcium Metabolism and Osteoporosis Program, WHO Collaborating Center for Metabolic Bone Disorders, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El Solh, Beirut 6044, Lebanon
| | - Serge Ferrari
- Service and Laboratory of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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Nakamura M, Imaoka M, Tazaki F, Nakao H, Hida M, Kono R, Kanemoto H, Takeda M. Association between Bone-Related Physiological Substances and Oral Function in Community-Dwelling Older People. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10677. [PMID: 36078393 PMCID: PMC9518358 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral dysfunction is related to long-term cares including activities of daily living. The objective of this study was to determine the association between oral function and the bone-related physiological substances osteocalcin (OC) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). METHODS The study participants were 139 community-dwelling older people in Japan. Evaluation of oral dysfunction was based on subjective judgment by each participant. Blood analysis included OC, IGF-1, and albumin. RESULTS Univariate and multiple logistic analyses showed that IGF-1 was significantly associated with a "decline in masticatory function" (p = 0.0074 and p = 0.0308, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of IGF-1 levels revealed a threshold score of 108 ng/mL (p < 0.01) for discriminating a "decline in masticatory function". Logistic regression analysis revealed that participants with an IGF-1 level ≤108 ng/mL had an odds ratio of 4.31 (p < 0.05) for a "decline in masticatory function". No significant association was found between the OC level and oral dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a possible relationship between lower serum IGF-1 levels and a decline in masticatory dysfunction in community-dwelling older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Nakamura
- Cognitive Reserve Research Center, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka 597-0104, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka 597-0104, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masakazu Imaoka
- Cognitive Reserve Research Center, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka 597-0104, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka 597-0104, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fumie Tazaki
- Cognitive Reserve Research Center, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka 597-0104, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka 597-0104, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Nakao
- Department of Physical Therapy, Josai International University, Tougane 283-0002, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Hida
- Cognitive Reserve Research Center, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka 597-0104, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka 597-0104, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kono
- Cognitive Reserve Research Center, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka 597-0104, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka 597-0104, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Kanemoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takeda
- Cognitive Reserve Research Center, Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University, Kaizuka 597-0104, Osaka, Japan
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Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Levels, Facture Risk Assessment Tool Scores and Bone Disorders in Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12081957. [PMID: 36010307 PMCID: PMC9407172 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12081957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in bone growth and maintenance, and its decreased levels are associated with bone disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the association of serum IGF-1 levels with osteoporosis, prevalent fractures and fracture risk based on the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). This study included 127 consecutive patients with PBC. Based on the baseline serum IGF-1 levels, the participants were classified into the low (L)-, intermediate (I)- and high (H)-IGF-1 groups. According to the FRAX score, high fracture risk was defined as a 10-year major osteoporotic fracture probability (FRAX-MOF) ≥ 20% or a 10-year hip fracture probability (FRAX-HF) ≥ 3%. The serum IGF-1 levels were positively correlated with bone mineral density, and were negatively correlated with the FRAX-MOF/FRAX-HF. The L-IGF-1 group had the highest prevalence of osteoporosis (58.1%), prevalent fracture (48.4%) and high fracture risk (71.0%). Meanwhile, the H-IGF-1 group had the lowest prevalence of osteoporosis (9.7%), prevalent fracture (12.9%) and high fracture risk (9.7%). The prevalence of these events increased stepwise with decreasing serum IGF-1 levels. The cutoff values of IGF-1 for predicting osteoporosis, prevalent fracture and high fracture risk were 61.5 ng/mL (sensitivity/specificity, 0.545/0.894), 69.5 ng/mL (0.633/0.784) and 61.5 ng/mL (0.512/0.929), respectively. Serum IGF-1 levels were associated with bone disorders and the FRAX-derived fracture risk, and may be a useful indicator for initiating therapeutic intervention to prevent the incidence of fracture in patients with PBC.
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Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density, Serum Osteocalcin, and Osteopontin Levels in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, with/without Osteoporosis. J Osteoporos 2022; 2022:1437061. [PMID: 35198139 PMCID: PMC8860540 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1437061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoporosis (OP) is a worldwide ailment; we aim to establish new biomarkers in diagnosis by determining the levels of serum osteocalcin and osteopontin along with bone mineral density (BMD) and lumbar T-score, in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with or without OP. METHODS This observational study included 160 postmenopausal women who were an attendee at outpatient clinics in Al-Hussein Hospital, Thi-Qar province; subdivided into 3 groups based on their T-score testing: Group I (n = 40) comprised postmenopausal women without T2DM as controls, Group II (n = 60) comprised postmenopausal women with T2DM but without OP, and Group III (n = 60) comprised postmenopausal women with T2DM with OP. The dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure the BMD (total body, lumbar spine, and femoral) and T-score for lumbar spine and femoral. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), osteocalcin, and osteopontin levels were assessed in all three groups. RESULTS Compared with controls, Group III demonstrated significantly lower BMD (total body, lumbar spine, and femoral), T-score for lumbar spine and femoral, serum osteocalcin, and osteopontin levels than Group II and Group I (P < 0.001). FBG and HbA1c levels were significantly higher in Group III than in Groups I and II (P < 0.001). A negative correlation was proved between HbA1c levels with BMD, osteocalcin levels, and osteopontin levels in the three groups. CONCLUSIONS Iraqi postmenopausal women with T2DM had a significantly lower bone mineral density, serum osteocalcin, and osteopontin levels. These results may serve as adjuvants in screening for OP, particularly among diabetic patients.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at increased risk of developing osteopathogenesis and skeletal fragility. The role of the gut microbiota in both DM and osteopathy is not fully explored and may be involved in the pathology of both diseases. RECENT FINDINGS Gut microbiota alterations have been observed in DM and osteopathogenic disorders as compared with healthy controls, such as significantly lower abundance of Prevotella and higher abundance of Lactobacillus, with a diminished bacterial diversity. Other overlapping gastro-intestinal features include the loss of intestinal barrier function with translocation of bacterial metabolites to the blood stream, induction of immunological deficits and changes in hormonal and endocrinal signalling, which may lead to the development of diabetic osteopathy. Signalling pathways involved in both DM and osteopathy are affected by gut bacteria and their metabolites. Future studies should focus on gut microbiota involvement in both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Kristine Knudsen
- Centre for Clinical Research, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Bispensgade 37, 9800, Hjørring, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Søndre Skovvej 15, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Peter Leutscher
- Centre for Clinical Research, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Bispensgade 37, 9800, Hjørring, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Søndre Skovvej 15, Aalborg, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center North Jutland, Mølleparkvej 4, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Suzette Sørensen
- Centre for Clinical Research, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Bispensgade 37, 9800, Hjørring, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Søndre Skovvej 15, Aalborg, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center North Jutland, Mølleparkvej 4, Aalborg, Denmark
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Prevalence and associated factors of radiographic vertebral fractures in men: Rural population cross-sectional observation study in Japan. J Orthop Sci 2021; 26:572-576. [PMID: 32900566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporotic fractures constitute a major health concern in both women and men, particularly with the aging population. Many potential risk factors of vertebral fractures (VFx) have been identified in women, but not in men. Several reports have focused on the quality of life (QOL) of clinically diagnosed VFx, but not much has been reported on quantified QOL scores of incidental radiographic VFx in men. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the associated factors and the influence of incident radiographic VFx on QOL of men. METHODS A total of 401 volunteer men aged 40 years or older (40-92 years) participated in this study. The mean age was 60.5 ± 11.8 years. Prevalent VFx were identified on the lateral lumbar spinal radiographs using the semiquantitative method. Bone mineral density, body composition, smoking, alcohol intake, past medical history, Mini-Mental State Examination, grip strength, gait speed, and biochemical markers were examined. QOL was evaluated using the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire. RESULTS Of the 401 subjects, 35 men (8.7%) had the prevalence of VFx. After adjustment for age, the presence of VFx was significantly associated with IGF-1 (odds ratio 0.985; p = 0.02). QOL scores were not significantly associated with VFx after adjustment for age. CONCLUSIONS IGF-1 is the mediator of growth hormone, and IGF-1 stimulates the proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of osteoblastic cells. The prevalence of VFx in men was 8.7%, and IGF-1 was significantly lower in the VFx group than in the non-VFx group.
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Lv F, Cai X, Zhang R, Zhou L, Zhou X, Han X, Ji L. Sex-specific associations of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 with bone density and risk of fractures in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1165-1173. [PMID: 33415372 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We evaluated the associations of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) with bone mineral density (BMD) and risk of fractures in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We found positive associations between IGF-I and BMD and negative associations between IGF-I and all three modified 10-year probabilities of MOFs and HFs in men, but not in women. INTRODUCTION The objective was to investigate the associations of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) with bone mineral density (BMD) and risk of fractures in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in each gender. METHODS This was a cross-sectional, retrospective study that included men over 50 years and postmenopausal women with T2D without medical conditions or medications known to significantly affect BMD or serum IGF-I levels. Data of IGF-1, bone metabolism markers, lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN), and total hip (TH) BMD were obtained; 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs) and hip fractures (HFs) was calculated and modified with rheumatoid arthritis, femoral neck T-score, and age. Correlations of IGF-1 levels with bone metabolism and risk of fractures were statistically analyzed in men and women, respectively. RESULTS A total of 391 patients, including 226 men and 165 women, were included. The age, serum fasting C-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), bone formation marker, and all three modified 10-year probabilities of MOFs and HFs were higher in women than those in men (all p < 0.05). The levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), IGF-1, and BMD were lower in women than those in men (all p < 0.05). In men, IGF-1 was positively correlated with FN and TH BMD (FN BMD: r = 0.267, p < 0.001; TH BMD: r = 0.235, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with all three modified 10-year probabilities of MOFs (RA-modified MOFs: r = - 0.289, p < 0.001; age-modified MOFs: r = - 0.237, p < 0.001; FN T-score-modified MOFs: r = - 0.280, p < 0.001) and HFs (RA-modified HFs: r = - 0.291, p < 0.001; age-modified HFs: r = - 0.271, p < 0.001; FN T-score-modified HFs: r = - 0.270, p < 0.001), while no significant correlations were found between serum IGF-I and BMD and three modified 10-year probability in women. CONCLUSIONS According to this study, we found sex differences in the associations of serum IGF-1 with BMD and risk of fractures in Chinese patients with T2D. These results suggested that increasing serum IGF-1 might be a clinical target for protecting fractures in T2D, especially in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lv
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No. 11, Beijing, China
| | - X Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No. 11, Beijing, China.
| | - R Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No. 11, Beijing, China
| | - L Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No. 11, Beijing, China
| | - X Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No. 11, Beijing, China
| | - X Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No. 11, Beijing, China
| | - L Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Xizhimen South Street No. 11, Beijing, China.
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Yuan S, Wan ZH, Cheng SL, Michaëlsson K, Larsson SC. Insulin-like Growth Factor-1, Bone Mineral Density, and Fracture: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e1552-e1558. [PMID: 33462619 PMCID: PMC7993594 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The associations of circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels with bone mineral density and fracture risk are inconclusive in observational studies. OBJECTIVE We conducted a mendelian randomization study to assess the associations of serum IGF-1 levels with estimated bone mineral density (eBMD) and fracture. METHODS Genetic instruments for IGF-1 were selected at the genome-wide significance level (P < 5 × 10-8) from a genome-wide association study including 358 072 individuals of European ancestry. Summary-level data for eBMD (426 824 individuals) and fracture (53 184 fracture cases and 373 611 noncases) were obtained from the UK Biobank study. Univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization analyses methods were used to estimate the associations of IGF-1 with eBMD and fracture. The main outcome measure included the change of eBMD and odds ratio of fracture per genetically predicted 1-SD increase of serum IGF-1 levels. RESULTS For 1-SD increase in IGF-1, the change of eBMD levels was 0.04 g/cm2 (95% CI, 0.01-0.07; P = .011) and the odds ratio of fracture was 0.94 (95% CI, 0.91-0.98; P = .003). The associations persisted with similar magnitude after adjustment for height. The association was consistent for fracture but not for eBMD after excluding genetic instruments that might directly influence these outcomes. The association between IGF-1 and fracture was somewhat attenuated after adjustment for eBMD (odds ratio 0.96; 95% CI, 0.92-0.99; P = .012). CONCLUSION The present study supports a role for IGF-1 in preventing fracture, possibly and partly mediated by greater bone mineral density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yuan
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zi-Hao Wan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shi-Le Cheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Correspondence: Susanna C. Larsson, PhD, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 14 B, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Lu R, Zheng Z, Yin Y, Jiang Z. Genistein prevents bone loss in type 2 diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. Food Nutr Res 2021; 64:3666. [PMID: 33447176 PMCID: PMC7778425 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v64.3666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic osteoporosis has become a severe public health problem in the aging societies. Genistein has been reported to play an important role in preventing and treating metabolic diseases via its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-estrogenic, and estrogen-like functions. Objective We aimed to investigate whether genistein exerts bone-protective effect on diabetic rats induced by 35 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) plus a 4-week high-fat diet. Design Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: (1) control group, (2) type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) model group, (3) T2DM with 10 mg/kg genistein, and (4) T2DM with 30 mg/kg genistein. After an 8-week treatment with genistein, the femurs, tibias, and blood were collected from all rats for further analysis. Results Genistein at 10 mg/kg showed little effect on diabetic osteoporosis, whereas genistein at 30 mg/kg significantly improved glucose and bone metabolisms compared with diabetic rats. Our results showed that 30 mg/kg genistein significantly increased bone mineral density, serum osteocalcin, and bone alkaline phosphatase. Genistein also effectively lowered fasting blood glucose, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and numbers of adipocytes and osteoclasts. Compared with the T2DM group, protein levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) were decreased, while protein levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG), β-catenin, and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx-2) were increased after genistein intervention. Conclusion Genistein could effectively improve abnormal bone metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic rats; the underlying molecular mechanisms might be related to OPG/RANKL, PPAR-γ, and β-catenin/Runx-2 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Lu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zicong Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimin Yin
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuoqin Jiang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Hou J, He C, He W, Yang M, Luo X, Li C. Obesity and Bone Health: A Complex Link. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:600181. [PMID: 33409277 PMCID: PMC7779553 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.600181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
So far, the connections between obesity and skeleton have been extensively explored, but the results are inconsistent. Obesity is thought to affect bone health through a variety of mechanisms, including body weight, fat volume, bone formation/resorption, proinflammatory cytokines together with bone marrow microenvironment. In this review, we will mainly describe the effects of adipokines secreted by white adipose tissue on bone cells, as well as the interaction between brown adipose tissue, bone marrow adipose tissue, and bone metabolism. Meanwhile, this review also reviews the evidence for the effects of adipose tissue and its distribution on bone mass and bone-related diseases, along with the correlation between different populations with obesity and bone health. And we describe changes in bone metabolism in patients with anorexia nervosa or type 2 diabetes. In summary, all of these findings show that the response of skeleton to obesity is complex and depends on diversified factors, such as mechanical loading, obesity type, the location of adipose tissue, gender, age, bone sites, and secreted cytokines, and that these factors may exert a primary function in bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen He
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenzhen He
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xianghang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Changjun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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15
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Bahamonde M, Misra M. Potential applications for rhIGF-I: Bone disease and IGFI. Growth Horm IGF Res 2020; 52:101317. [PMID: 32252004 PMCID: PMC7231643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2020.101317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) and insulin like growth factor-I (IGFI) are key bone trophic hormones, whose rising levels during puberty are critical for pubertal bone accrual. Conditions of GH deficiency and genetic resistance impact cortical and trabecular bone deleteriously with reduced estimates of bone strength. In humans, conditions of undernutrition (as in anorexia nervosa (AN), or subsequent to chronic illnesses) are associated with low IGF-I levels, which correlate with disease severity, and also with lower bone mineral density (BMD), impaired bone structure and lower strength estimates. In adolescents and adults with AN, studies have demonstrated a nutritionally acquired GH resistance with low IGF-I levels despite high concentrations of GH. IGF-I levels go up with increasing body weight, and are associated with rising levels of bone turnover markers. In short-term studies lasting 6-10 days, recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) administration in physiologic replacement doses normalized IGF-I levels and increased levels of bone formation markers in both adults and adolescents with AN. In a randomized controlled trial in adults with AN in which participants were randomized to one of four arms: (i) rhIGF-I with oral estrogen-progesterone (EP), (ii) rhIGF-I alone, (iii) EP alone, or (iv) neither for 9 months, a significant increase in bone formation markers was noted in the groups that received rhIGF-I, and a significant decrease in bone resorption markers in the groups that received EP. The group that received both rhIGF-I and EP had a significant increase in bone density at the spine and hip compared to the group that received neither. Side effects were minimal, with no documented fingerstick glucose of <50 mg/dl. These data thus suggest a potential role for rhIGF-I administration in optimizing bone accrual in states of undernutrition associated with low IGF-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Bahamonde
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Cumbayá, Ecuador
| | - Madhusmita Misra
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, USA; Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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16
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Andrade VFC, Chula DC, Sabbag FP, Cavalheiro DDDS, Bavia L, Ambrósio AR, da Costa CRV, Dos Reis LM, Borba VZC, Moreira CA. Bone Histomorphometry in Young Patients With Type 2 Diabetes is Affected by Disease Control and Chronic Complications. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5582037. [PMID: 31587051 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increased risk of fractures. No study has evaluated the correlation of bone histomorphometry (BH) parameters with glycemic control and presence of chronic complications (CCs) in premenopausal women with T2DM. OBJECTIVES To evaluate BH and correlate them with the degree of glycemic control and presence of CCs. DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PATIENTS This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary medical center. Twenty-six premenopausal women with T2DM were divided into groups with glycated hemoglobin HbA1c < 7% (good control, GC; n = 10) and HbA1c > 7% (poor control, PC; n = 16), and further subdivided into groups with (n = 9) and without (n = 17) CCs. BH parameters (bone volume [bone volume per total volume, BV/TV], trabecular thickness [Tb.Th], trabecular number [Tb.N], trabecular separation [Tb.Sp], osteoid thickness [O.Th], osteoid surface [osteoid surface per bone surface, OS/BS]), mineralizing surface [MS/BS], bone formation rate [BFR]), mineral apposition rate [MAR]) as well as serum pentosidine (PEN) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 were measured. The BH data were compared among the groups and with a BH control group (control group, CG, n = 15) matched by age, sex, and race. RESULTS BV/TV was increased in GC (P < .001) and PC (P = .05) groups and O.th (P = .03) was smaller in the PC group than in the CG. A comparison of the groups with and without CCs with the CG showed in the group with CCs, O.Th was smaller(P = .01) and BV/TV similar to the CG (P = .11). HbA1c correlated negatively with O.Th (P = .02) and OS/BS (P = .01). There was no correlation of BH to PEN and IGF-1. CONCLUSION BH in premenopausal patients with T2DM is affected by disease control and chronic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente F C Andrade
- Endocrine Division (SEMPR), Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Domingos C Chula
- Nephrology Unit, Clinics Hospital of Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fábio P Sabbag
- Ophthalmologist, retinal and vitreo specialist at the Clinic Center of Vision, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo University, Curitiba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Bavia
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Medical Pathology, Clinics Hospital of Federal do Parana University, Brazil
| | - Altair Rogério Ambrósio
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Medical Pathology, Clinics Hospital of Federal do Parana University, Brazil
| | | | - Luciene M Dos Reis
- LIM 16 - Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, Clinics Hospital (HCFMUSP), School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victória Z C Borba
- Endocrine Division (SEMPR), Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Carolina Aguiar Moreira
- Endocrine Division (SEMPR), Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
- Laboratory PRO, Section of bone histomorphometry, Fundação Pró-Renal, Curitiba, Brazil
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17
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Ala M, Jafari RM, Dehpour AR. Diabetes Mellitus and Osteoporosis Correlation: Challenges and Hopes. Curr Diabetes Rev 2020; 16:984-1001. [PMID: 32208120 DOI: 10.2174/1573399816666200324152517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes and osteoporosis are two common diseases with different complications. Despite different therapeutic strategies, managing these diseases and reducing their burden have not been satisfactory, especially when they appear one after the other. In this review, we aimed to clarify the similarity, common etiology and possible common adjunctive therapies of these two major diseases and designate the known molecular pattern observed in them. Based on different experimental findings, we want to illuminate that interestingly similar pathways lead to diabetes and osteoporosis. Meanwhile, there are a few drugs involved in the treatment of both diseases, which most of the time act in the same line but sometimes with opposing results. Considering the correlation between diabetes and osteoporosis, more efficient management of both diseases, in conditions of concomitant incidence or cause and effect condition, is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Ala
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Mohammad Jafari
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Liu JM, Zhu DL, Mu YM, Xia WB. Management of fracture risk in patients with diabetes-Chinese Expert Consensus. J Diabetes 2019; 11:906-919. [PMID: 31219236 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Min Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Long Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Ming Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, The General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Bo Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
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Moriwaki K, Matsumoto H, Tanishima S, Tanimura C, Osaki M, Nagashima H, Hagino H. Association of serum bone- and muscle-derived factors with age, sex, body composition, and physical function in community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019; 20:276. [PMID: 31164134 PMCID: PMC6549364 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-019-2650-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding interactions between bone and muscle based on endocrine factors may help elucidate the relationship between osteoporosis and sarcopenia. However, whether the abundance or activity of these endocrine factors is affected by age and sex or whether these factors play a causal role in bone and muscle formation and function is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association of serum bone- and muscle-derived factors with age, sex, body composition, and physical function in community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly adults. METHODS In all, 254 residents (97 men, 157 women) participated in this cross-sectional study conducted in Japan. The calcaneal speed of sound (SOS) was evaluated by quantitative ultrasound examination. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Grip strength was measured using a dynamometer. Gait speed was measured by optical-sensitive gait analysis. Serum sclerostin, osteocalcin (OC), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), myostatin, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRACP-5b) concentrations were measured simultaneously. The difference by sex was determined using t test. Correlations between serum bone- and muscle-derived factors and age, BMI, SOS, SMI, grip strength, gait speed, and TRACP-5b in men and women were determined based on Pearson's correlation coefficients. Multiple regression analysis was performed using the stepwise method. RESULTS There was no significant difference with regard to age between men (75.0 ± 8.9 years) and women (73.6 ± 8.1 years). Sclerostin was significantly higher in men than in women and tended to increase with age in men; it was significantly associated with SOS and TRACP-5b levels. OC was significantly higher in women than in men and was significantly associated with TRACP-5b levels and age. IGF-1 tended to decrease with age in both sexes and was significantly associated with SOS and body mass index. Myostatin did not correlate with any assessed variables. CONCLUSIONS Sclerostin was significantly associated with sex, age, and bone metabolism, although there was no discernable relationship between serum sclerostin levels and muscle function. There was no obvious relationship between OC and muscle parameters. This study suggests that IGF-1 is an important modulator of muscle mass and function and bone metabolism in community-dwelling middle-aged and elderly adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Moriwaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho 36-1, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan.
| | - Hiromi Matsumoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Matsushima 288, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0193, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanishima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho 36-1, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Chika Tanimura
- School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho 86, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Mari Osaki
- Rehabilitation Division, Tottori University Hospital, Nishicho 36-1, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Hideki Nagashima
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho 36-1, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hagino
- School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Nishicho 86, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan.,Rehabilitation Division, Tottori University Hospital, Nishicho 36-1, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan
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20
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Wang R, Wang L, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Song L, Ma R, Dong J. L-carnitine ameliorates peripheral neuropathy in diabetic mice with a corresponding increase in insulin‑like growth factor‑1 level. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:743-751. [PMID: 30431101 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the common complications in diabetes, affecting more than half of patients with diabetes. L‑carnitine (LC) was recently demonstrated to serve a positive role in ameliorating DPN. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms of LC in ameliorating DPN. Male Kunming mice were randomly assigned into five groups, including the control group, diabetes mellitus group, pre‑treatment group, treatment group and post‑treatment group. Type 2 diabetes was induced in mice using a combination of high‑fat diet and streptozotocin injection. Subsequently, peripheral neuropathy was measured and the levels of LC, insulin and insulin‑like growth factor‑1 (IGF‑1) were detected. When diabetic mice were treated with LC, the levels of IGF‑1 in the plasma and pancreas were increased. In addition, hyperalgesia, as determined by the tail‑flick test as well as food intake, body weight and blood glucose levels were decreased. An amelioration of demyelination, axonal atrophy and mitochondria swelling in the nerve fibres of diabetic mice was also observed. The present study demonstrated that LC ameliorated peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetic mice and the effect of LC may in part be mediated by an increase in local and circulatory IGF‑1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Special Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Liuxin Wang
- Department of Special Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Caishun Zhang
- Department of Special Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Special Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Limin Song
- Department of Special Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Ruixia Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Physiology, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
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