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Basbuga S, Basbuga S, Can C, Yayla F. Phenotypic and genotypic diversity of root nodule bacteria from wild Lathyrus and Vicia species in Gaziantep, Turkey. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024; 69:1145-1157. [PMID: 38526677 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-024-01156-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
This study identified the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the bacteria that nodulate wild Lathyrus and Vicia species natural distribution in the Gaziantep province of Turkey. Principle component analysis of phenotypic features revealed that rhizobial isolates were highly resistant to stress factors such as high salt, pH and temperature. They were found to be highly sensitive to the concentrations (mg/mL) of the antibiotics neomycin 10, kanamycin, and tetracycline 5, as well as the heavy metals Ni 10, and Cu 10, and 5. As a result of REP-PCR analysis, it was determined that the rhizobial isolates were quite diverse, and 5 main groups and many subgroups being found. All of the isolates nodulating wild Vicia species were found to be related to Rhizobium sp., and these isolates were found to be in Clades II, III, IV, and V of the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA. The isolates that nodulated wild Lathyrus species were in Clades I, II, IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII, and they were closely related to Rhizobium leguminasorum, Rhizobium sp., Phyllobacterium sp., Serratia sp., and Pseudomonas sp. According to the genetic analyses, the isolates could not be classified at the species level, the similarity ratio was low, they formed a distinct group that was supported by strong bootstrap values in the phylogenetic tree, and the differences discovered in the network analysis revealed the diversity among the isolates and gave important findings that these isolates may be new species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Basbuga
- Biology Department, Science and Letter Faculty, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
| | - Selcuk Basbuga
- Biology Department, Science and Letter Faculty, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Canan Can
- Biology Department, Science and Letter Faculty, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Fatih Yayla
- Biology Department, Science and Letter Faculty, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Ramírez-Parra E, De la Rosa L. Designing Novel Strategies for Improving Old Legumes: An Overview from Common Vetch. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1275. [PMID: 36986962 PMCID: PMC10058852 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) is a grain legume used in animal feeding, rich in protein content, fatty acid, and mineral composition that makes for a very adequate component to enrich feedstuff. In addition, relevant pharmacological properties have been reported in humans. The common vetch, similar to other legumes, can fix atmospheric nitrogen, a crucial feature for sustainable agricultural systems. These properties enhance the use of vetch as a cover crop and its sowing in intercropping systems. Moreover, several studies have recently pointed out the potential of vetch in the phytoremediation of contaminated soils. These characteristics make vetch a relevant crop, which different potential improvements target. Varieties with different yields, flowering times, shattering resistance, nutritional composition, rhizobacteria associations, drought tolerance, nitrogen fixation capacity, and other agronomic-relevant traits have been identified when different vetch accessions are compared. Recently, the analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data has allowed the development of different molecular markers to be used for assisted breeding purposes, promoting crop improvement. Here, we review the potential of using the variability of V. sativa genetic resources and new biotechnological and molecular tools for selecting varieties with improved traits to be used in sustainable agriculture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ramírez-Parra
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, (CBGP, UPM-INIA/CSIC) Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía De la Rosa
- Centro de Recursos Fitogenéticos, (CRF-INIA/CSIC) Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain
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Vandana UK, Rajkumari J, Singha LP, Satish L, Alavilli H, Sudheer PD, Chauhan S, Ratnala R, Satturu V, Mazumder PB, Pandey P. The Endophytic Microbiome as a Hotspot of Synergistic Interactions, with Prospects of Plant Growth Promotion. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:101. [PMID: 33535706 PMCID: PMC7912845 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The plant root is the primary site of interaction between plants and associated microorganisms and constitutes the main components of plant microbiomes that impact crop production. The endophytic bacteria in the root zone have an important role in plant growth promotion. Diverse microbial communities inhabit plant root tissues, and they directly or indirectly promote plant growth by inhibiting the growth of plant pathogens, producing various secondary metabolites. Mechanisms of plant growth promotion and response of root endophytic microorganisms for their survival and colonization in the host plants are the result of complex plant-microbe interactions. Endophytic microorganisms also assist the host to sustain different biotic and abiotic stresses. Better insights are emerging for the endophyte, such as host plant interactions due to advancements in 'omic' technologies, which facilitate the exploration of genes that are responsible for plant tissue colonization. Consequently, this is informative to envisage putative functions and metabolic processes crucial for endophytic adaptations. Detection of cell signaling molecules between host plants and identification of compounds synthesized by root endophytes are effective means for their utilization in the agriculture sector as biofertilizers. In addition, it is interesting that the endophytic microorganism colonization impacts the relative abundance of indigenous microbial communities and suppresses the deleterious microorganisms in plant tissues. Natural products released by endophytes act as biocontrol agents and inhibit pathogen growth. The symbiosis of endophytic bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) affects plant symbiotic signaling pathways and root colonization patterns and phytohormone synthesis. In this review, the potential of the root endophytic community, colonization, and role in the improvement of plant growth has been explained in the light of intricate plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udaya Kumar Vandana
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University Silchar, Assam 788011, India; (U.K.V.); (P.B.M.)
| | - Jina Rajkumari
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University Silchar, Assam 788011, India; (J.R.); (L.P.S.)
| | - L. Paikhomba Singha
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University Silchar, Assam 788011, India; (J.R.); (L.P.S.)
| | - Lakkakula Satish
- Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering and the Ilse Katz Center for Meso and Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel;
- The Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Hemasundar Alavilli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea Molecular Medicine and Nutrition Research Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Pamidimarri D.V.N. Sudheer
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Chhattisgarh, Raipur 493225, India; (P.D.V.N.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Sushma Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Chhattisgarh, Raipur 493225, India; (P.D.V.N.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Rambabu Ratnala
- TATA Institute for Genetics and Society, Bangalore 560065, India;
| | - Vanisri Satturu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, India;
| | - Pranab Behari Mazumder
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University Silchar, Assam 788011, India; (U.K.V.); (P.B.M.)
| | - Piyush Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, Assam University Silchar, Assam 788011, India; (J.R.); (L.P.S.)
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Efstathiadou E, Savvas D, Tampakaki AP. Genetic diversity and phylogeny of indigenous rhizobia nodulating faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in Greece. Syst Appl Microbiol 2020; 43:126149. [PMID: 33161357 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2020.126149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The genetic diversity and phylogeny of fast-growing rhizobia isolated from root nodules of Vicia faba grown in different geographical regions of Greece were assessed. Although Rhizobium leguminosarum sv. viciae is the most common symbiont of Vicia spp. in European soils, there is no available information on native rhizobia nodulating faba bean in Greece. Seventy bacterial strains were isolated and grouped into sixteen distinct profiles based on BOX-PCR fingerprinting. The phylogenetic affiliation was further defined by sequence analysis of the rrs and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of three housekeeping genes (recA, atpD and gyrB). Fifty-eight isolates were affiliated with recently described genospecies gsF-2, represented by R. laguerreae FB206T, whereas six isolates were closely related to gsB and two isolates might belong to gsA. Two isolates assigned to R. hidalgonense and another two non-nodulating strains could not be assigned to any validly defined species and possibly belong to a new rhizobial lineage. Interestingly, R. laguerreae strains were commonly found at all sampling sites, suggesting that they could be the main symbionts of faba beans in Greek soils. According to the phylogenies of two symbiosis-related genes (nodC and nifH), all nodulating isolates belonged to symbiovar (sv.) viciae harboring four distinct nodC gene haplotypes and they were grouped into two clades together with strains assigned to R. laguerreae and genospecies of R. leguminosarum isolated from other countries and continents. This is the first report that R. hidalgonense strains belong to sv. viciae. No correlation was observed between the nodC haplotypes, geographic origin and chromosomal background of the isolates in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evdoxia Efstathiadou
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Votanikos, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Savvas
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Votanikos, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia P Tampakaki
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Votanikos, 11855 Athens, Greece.
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El-Batanony NH, Castellano-Hinojosa A, Correa-Galeote D, Bedmar EJ. Phylogenetic diversity of bacterial strains from root nodules of legumes grown wild in Egypt. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kumawat KC, Sharma P, Sirari A, Singh I, Gill BS, Singh U, Saharan K. Synergism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (LSE-2) nodule endophyte with Bradyrhizobium sp. (LSBR-3) for improving plant growth, nutrient acquisition and soil health in soybean. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:47. [PMID: 30834977 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2622-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to assess the scope of native potential endophyte Pseudomonas aeruginosa (LSE-2) strain (KX925973) with recommended Bradyrhizobium sp. (LSBR-3) (KF906140) for synergistic effect to develop as consortium biofertilizer of soybean. A total of 28 non-rhizobial endophytic bacteria were isolated from cultivated and wild sp. of soybean. All isolates were screened for multifarious PGP traits viz. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), phosphate (P) and zinc (Zn) solubilization, siderophore, cell wall degrading enzymes and pathogenicity. Compatible of LSBR-3 and LSE-2 enhanced IAA, P-solubilization, 1-aminocyclopropane-carboxylate deaminase and biofilm formation over the single inoculant treatment. Further, consortium was evaluated in vivo for growth, symbiotic traits, nutrient acquisition, soil quality parameters and yield attributes of soybean. Improvement in growth parameters were recorded with dual inoculant LSBR-3 + LSE-2 as compared to LSBR-3 alone and un-inoculated control treatments. Significantly (p ≥ 0.05) high symbiotic and soil quality parameters (phosphatase and soil dehydrogenase activity) was recorded with LSBR-3 + LSE-2 at vegetative and flowering stage as compared to LSBR-3 alone and un-inoculated control treatments. Single inoculation of LSBR-3 improved grain yield by 4.25% over the un-inoculated control treatment, further, enhancement in yield was recorded with consortium inoculant (LSBR-3 and LSE-2) by 3.47% over the LSBR-3 alone. Application of consortium inoculant (LSBR-3 + LSE-2) gave an additional income of Rs. 5089/ha over the un-inoculated control treatment. The results, thus strongly suggest that endophytic diazotroph LSE-2 can be used as potent bio-inoculant along with LSBR-3 as bio-enhancer for improving soybean productivity in a sustainable system.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Kumawat
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India.
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - Asmita Sirari
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - Inderjeet Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - B S Gill
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India
| | - Ummed Singh
- College of Agriculture, Agriculture University, Mandor, Jodhpur, 342304, Rajasthan, India
| | - Krishna Saharan
- College of Agriculture, Agriculture University, Mandor, Jodhpur, 342304, Rajasthan, India
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Muresu R, Porceddu A, Sulas L, Squartini A. Nodule-associated microbiome diversity in wild populations of Sulla coronaria reveals clues on the relative importance of culturable rhizobial symbionts and co-infecting endophytes. Microbiol Res 2019; 221:10-14. [PMID: 30825937 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The culturable bacteria from root nodules of Sulla coronaria growing in spontaneous conditions in Sardinia were characterized. This plant's peculiarity is to represent a legume still found in both wild and cropped statuses. We tested whether culturable bacteria would differ from those commonly isolated from its field-cropped varieties, to date exclusively represented by Rhizobium sullae. 63 isolates from 60 surface-sterilized nodules were analyzed by ARDRA and 16S rDNA sequencing. The official nitrogen-fixing symbiont Rhizobium sullae was found only in 25 nodules out of 60. The remaining nodules did not yield culturable rhizobia but a number of different endophytic genera including Pseudomonas sp. (17 nodules), Microbacterium sp. (15 nodules), Pantoea agglomerans (5 nodules). The situation appears therefore a hybrid between what is commonly observed in other Mediterranean legumes occurring only in wild status (featuring non-culturable rhizobia and arrays of culturable endophytes within nodules), as opposed to cropped legumes (endowed with fully culturable rhizobia and minimal endophytic occurrence). These findings, within a species bridging the ecology between native and cropped conditions, suggest insights on the relative importance of endophytic co-occupancy vs. true N-fixing symbiont culturability within nodules. The latter trait thus appears to accompany the domestication path of plants with a main trade-off of renouncing to interactions with a diversity of endophytic co-invaders; the relationships with those being critical in the non-cropped status. In fact, endophytes are known to promote plant growth in harsh conditions, which can be particularly stressful in the Mediterranean due to drought, highly calcareous soils, and pathogens outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosella Muresu
- Institute for the Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment-National Research Council (ISPAAM CNR), Traversa La Crucca 3, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea Porceddu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 1, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sulas
- Institute for the Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment-National Research Council (ISPAAM CNR), Traversa La Crucca 3, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea Squartini
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
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Carro L, Nouioui I. Taxonomy and systematics of plant probiotic bacteria in the genomic era. AIMS Microbiol 2017; 3:383-412. [PMID: 31294168 PMCID: PMC6604993 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2017.3.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent decades have predicted significant changes within our concept of plant endophytes, from only a small number specific microorganisms being able to colonize plant tissues, to whole communities that live and interact with their hosts and each other. Many of these microorganisms are responsible for health status of the plant, and have become known in recent years as plant probiotics. Contrary to human probiotics, they belong to many different phyla and have usually had each genus analysed independently, which has resulted in lack of a complete taxonomic analysis as a group. This review scrutinizes the plant probiotic concept, and the taxonomic status of plant probiotic bacteria, based on both traditional and more recent approaches. Phylogenomic studies and genes with implications in plant-beneficial effects are discussed. This report covers some representative probiotic bacteria of the phylum Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, but also includes minor representatives and less studied groups within these phyla which have been identified as plant probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Carro
- School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Imen Nouioui
- School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Bouchiba Z, Boukhatem ZF, Ighilhariz Z, Derkaoui N, Kerdouh B, Abdelmoumen H, Abbas Y, Missbah El Idrissi M, Bekki A. Diversity of nodular bacteria ofScorpiurus muricatusin western Algeria and their impact on plant growth. Can J Microbiol 2017; 63:450-463. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2016-0493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A total of 51 bacterial strains were isolated from root nodules of Scorpiurus muricatus sampled from 6 regions of western Algeria. Strain diversity was assessed by rep-PCR amplification fingerprinting, which grouped the isolates into 28 different clusters. Partial nucleotide sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and BLAST analysis revealed that root nodules of S. muricatus were colonized by different species close to Rhizobium vignae, Rhizobium radiobacter, Rhizobium leguminosarum, Phyllobacterium ifriqiyense, Phyllobacterium endophyticum, Starkeya sp., and Pseudomonas sp. However, none of these strains was able to form nodules on its host plant; even nodC was present in a single strain (SMT8a). The inoculation test showed a great improvement in the growth of inoculated plants compared with noninoculated control plants. A significant amount of indole acetic acid was produced by some strains, but only 2 strains could solubilize phosphate. In this report we described for the first time the diversity of bacteria isolated from root nodules of S. muricatus growing in different regions in western Algeria and demonstrated their potential use in promoting plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoulikha Bouchiba
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Rhizobiums et Amélioration des Plantes, Université d’Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algérie
| | - Zineb Faiza Boukhatem
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Rhizobiums et Amélioration des Plantes, Université d’Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algérie
| | - Zohra Ighilhariz
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Rhizobiums et Amélioration des Plantes, Université d’Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algérie
| | - Nouria Derkaoui
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Rhizobiums et Amélioration des Plantes, Université d’Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algérie
| | | | - Hanaa Abdelmoumen
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Younes Abbas
- Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Béni Mellal, Mghila B.P. 592, Université Sultan Moulay Slimane, Béni Mellal – Maroc
| | - Mustapha Missbah El Idrissi
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc
| | - Abdelkader Bekki
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Rhizobiums et Amélioration des Plantes, Université d’Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algérie
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Andrews M, Andrews ME. Specificity in Legume-Rhizobia Symbioses. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E705. [PMID: 28346361 PMCID: PMC5412291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most species in the Leguminosae (legume family) can fix atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) via symbiotic bacteria (rhizobia) in root nodules. Here, the literature on legume-rhizobia symbioses in field soils was reviewed and genotypically characterised rhizobia related to the taxonomy of the legumes from which they were isolated. The Leguminosae was divided into three sub-families, the Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae and Papilionoideae. Bradyrhizobium spp. were the exclusive rhizobial symbionts of species in the Caesalpinioideae, but data are limited. Generally, a range of rhizobia genera nodulated legume species across the two Mimosoideae tribes Ingeae and Mimoseae, but Mimosa spp. show specificity towards Burkholderia in central and southern Brazil, Rhizobium/Ensifer in central Mexico and Cupriavidus in southern Uruguay. These specific symbioses are likely to be at least in part related to the relative occurrence of the potential symbionts in soils of the different regions. Generally, Papilionoideae species were promiscuous in relation to rhizobial symbionts, but specificity for rhizobial genus appears to hold at the tribe level for the Fabeae (Rhizobium), the genus level for Cytisus (Bradyrhizobium), Lupinus (Bradyrhizobium) and the New Zealand native Sophora spp. (Mesorhizobium) and species level for Cicer arietinum (Mesorhizobium), Listia bainesii (Methylobacterium) and Listia angolensis (Microvirga). Specificity for rhizobial species/symbiovar appears to hold for Galega officinalis (Neorhizobium galegeae sv. officinalis), Galega orientalis (Neorhizobium galegeae sv. orientalis), Hedysarum coronarium (Rhizobium sullae), Medicago laciniata (Ensifer meliloti sv. medicaginis), Medicago rigiduloides (Ensifer meliloti sv. rigiduloides) and Trifolium ambiguum (Rhizobium leguminosarum sv. trifolii). Lateral gene transfer of specific symbiosis genes within rhizobial genera is an important mechanism allowing legumes to form symbioses with rhizobia adapted to particular soils. Strain-specific legume rhizobia symbioses can develop in particular habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Andrews
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, PO Box 84, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand.
| | - Morag E Andrews
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, PO Box 84, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand.
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Analysis of rhizobial endosymbionts of Vicia, Lathyrus and Trifolium species used to maintain mountain firewalls in Sierra Nevada National Park (South Spain). Syst Appl Microbiol 2017; 40:92-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Yuan K, Miwa H, Iizuka M, Yokoyama T, Fujii Y, Okazaki S. Genetic Diversity and Symbiotic Phenotype of Hairy Vetch Rhizobia in Japan. Microbes Environ 2016; 31:121-6. [PMID: 27151657 PMCID: PMC4912146 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me15184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) is a leguminous crop widely used as green manure and a cover crop in Japan. It exhibits strong weed-suppressing activity, high resistance to insect pests, and the ability to fix nitrogen through symbiotic interactions with soil bacteria known as rhizobia. Few studies have investigated the rhizobia that form nodules on hairy vetch in Japan, and the biological resources available for selecting high nitrogen-fixing rhizobia are limited. In the present study, we isolated 110 hairy vetch rhizobia from 13 different areas in Japan. Based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences, 73% of the isolates were identified as Rhizobium leguminosarum. A comparative analysis of nodC and 16S rRNA gene phylogenies revealed that several isolates possessed congruent nodC sequences despite having divergent 16S rRNA gene sequences, suggesting that the horizontal transfer of nod genes occurred during the evolution of rhizobia. Inoculation tests showed that isolates closely related to R. leguminosarum had better plant growth-promoting effects than other strains, thereby providing a promising agricultural resource for inoculating crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yuan
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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13
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Genetic diversity of rhizobia nodulating native Vicia spp. in Sweden. Syst Appl Microbiol 2016; 39:203-210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Adediran GA, Ngwenya BT, Mosselmans JFW, Heal KV, Harvie BA. Mixed planting with a leguminous plant outperforms bacteria in promoting growth of a metal remediating plant through histidine synthesis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:720-729. [PMID: 26682469 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1131235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) in improving metal phytoremediation is still limited by stunted plant growth under high soil metal concentrations. Meanwhile, mixed planting with leguminous plants is known to improve yield in nutrient deficient soils but the use of a metal tolerant legume to enhance metal tolerance of a phytoremediator has not been explored. We compared the use of Pseudomonas brassicacearum, Rhizobium leguminosarum, and the metal tolerant leguminous plant Vicia sativa to promote the growth of Brassica juncea in soil contaminated with 400 mg Zn kg(-1), and used synchrotron based microfocus X-ray absorption spectroscopy to probe Zn speciation in plant roots. B. juncea grew better when planted with V. sativa than when inoculated with PGPB. By combining PGPB with mixed planting, B. juncea recovered full growth while also achieving soil remediation efficiency of >75%, the maximum ever demonstrated for B. juncea. μXANES analysis of V. sativa suggested possible root exudation of the Zn chelates histidine and cysteine were responsible for reducing Zn toxicity. We propose the exploration of a legume-assisted-phytoremediation system as a more effective alternative to PGPB for Zn bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryne T Ngwenya
- a School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | | | - Kate V Heal
- a School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Barbra A Harvie
- a School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
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15
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Baymiev AK, Ivanova ES, Gumenko RS, Chubukova OV, Baymiev AK. Analysis of symbiotic genes of leguminous root nodule bacteria grown in the southern urals. RUSS J GENET+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795415110034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Zgadzaj R, James EK, Kelly S, Kawaharada Y, de Jonge N, Jensen DB, Madsen LH, Radutoiu S. A legume genetic framework controls infection of nodules by symbiotic and endophytic bacteria. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005280. [PMID: 26042417 PMCID: PMC4456278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Legumes have an intrinsic capacity to accommodate both symbiotic and endophytic bacteria within root nodules. For the symbionts, a complex genetic mechanism that allows mutual recognition and plant infection has emerged from genetic studies under axenic conditions. In contrast, little is known about the mechanisms controlling the endophytic infection. Here we investigate the contribution of both the host and the symbiotic microbe to endophyte infection and development of mixed colonised nodules in Lotus japonicus. We found that infection threads initiated by Mesorhizobium loti, the natural symbiont of Lotus, can selectively guide endophytic bacteria towards nodule primordia, where competent strains multiply and colonise the nodule together with the nitrogen-fixing symbiotic partner. Further co-inoculation studies with the competent coloniser, Rhizobium mesosinicum strain KAW12, show that endophytic nodule infection depends on functional and efficient M. loti-driven Nod factor signalling. KAW12 exopolysaccharide (EPS) enabled endophyte nodule infection whilst compatible M. loti EPS restricted it. Analysis of plant mutants that control different stages of the symbiotic infection showed that both symbiont and endophyte accommodation within nodules is under host genetic control. This demonstrates that when legume plants are exposed to complex communities they selectively regulate access and accommodation of bacteria occupying this specialized environmental niche, the root nodule. Plants have evolved elaborated mechanisms to monitor microbial presence and to control their infection, therefore only particular microbes, so called “endophytes,” are able to colonise the internal tissues with minimal or no host damage. The legume root nodule is a unique environmental niche induced by symbiotic bacteria, but where multiple species, symbiotic and endophytic co-exist. Genetic studies of the binary interaction legume-symbiont led to the discovery of key components evolved in the two partners allowing mutual recognition and nodule infection. In contrast, there is limited knowledge about the endophytic nodule infection, the role of the legume host, or the symbiont in the process of nodule colonisation by endophytes. Here we focus on the early stages of nodule infection in order to identify which molecular signatures and genetic components favour/allow endophyte accommodation, and multiple species co-existence inside nodules. We found that colonisation of Lotus japonicus nodules by endophytic bacteria is a selective process, that endophyte nodule occupancy is host-controlled, and that exopolysaccharides are key bacterial features for chronic infection of nodules. Our strategy based on model legume genetics and co-inoculation can thus be used for identifying mechanisms operating behind host-microbes compatibility in environments where multiple species co-exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Zgadzaj
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Carbohydrate Recognition and Signalling (CARB) Centre, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Euan K. James
- Ecological Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Kelly
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Carbohydrate Recognition and Signalling (CARB) Centre, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Yasuyuki Kawaharada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Carbohydrate Recognition and Signalling (CARB) Centre, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nadieh de Jonge
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Carbohydrate Recognition and Signalling (CARB) Centre, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dorthe B. Jensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Carbohydrate Recognition and Signalling (CARB) Centre, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lene H. Madsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Carbohydrate Recognition and Signalling (CARB) Centre, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simona Radutoiu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Carbohydrate Recognition and Signalling (CARB) Centre, Aarhus, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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17
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Chihaoui SA, Trabelsi D, Jdey A, Mhadhbi H, Mhamdi R. Inoculation of Phaseolus vulgaris with the nodule-endophyte Agrobacterium sp. 10C2 affects richness and structure of rhizosphere bacterial communities and enhances nodulation and growth. Arch Microbiol 2015; 197:805-13. [PMID: 25967041 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-015-1118-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Agrobacterium sp. 10C2 is a nonpathogenic and non-symbiotic nodule-endophyte strain isolated from root nodules of Phaseolus vulgaris. The effect of this strain on nodulation, plant growth and rhizosphere bacterial communities of P. vulgaris is investigated under seminatural conditions. Inoculation with strain 10C2 induced an increase in nodule number (+54 %) and plant biomass (+16 %). Grains also showed a significant increase in phosphorus (+53 %), polyphenols (+217 %), flavonoids (+62 %) and total antioxidant capacity (+82 %). The effect of strain 10C2 on bacterial communities was monitored using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes. When the initial soil was inoculated with strain 10C2 and left 15 days, the Agrobacterium strain did not affect TRF richness but changed structure. When common bean was sown in these soils and cultivated during 75 days, both TRF richness and structure were affected by strain 10C2. TRF richness increased in the rhizosphere soil, while it decreased in the bulk soil (root free). The taxonomic assignation of TRFs induced by strain 10C2 in the bean rhizosphere revealed the presence of four phyla (Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria) with a relative preponderance of Firmicutes, represented mainly by Bacillus species. Some of these taxa (i.e., Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus senegalensis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus firmus and Paenibacillus koreensis) are particularly known for their plant growth-promoting potentialities. These results suggest that the beneficial effects of strain 10C2 observed on plant growth and grain quality are explained at least in part by the indirect effect through the promotion of beneficial microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif-Allah Chihaoui
- Laboratory of Legumes, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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18
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Sun R, Crowley DE, Wei G. Study of phenanthrene utilizing bacterial consortia associated with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) root nodules. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 31:415-33. [PMID: 25601371 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-014-1796-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Many legumes have been selected as model plants to degrade organic contaminants with their special associated rhizosphere microbes in soil. However, the function of root nodules during microbe-assisted phytoremediation is not clear. A pot study was conducted to examine phenanthrene (PHE) utilizing bacteria associated with root nodules and the effects of cowpea root nodules on phytoremediation in two different types of soils (freshly contaminated soil and aged contaminated soil). Cowpea nodules in freshly-contaminated soil showed less damage in comparison to the aged-contaminated soil, both morphologically and ultra-structurally by scanning electron microscopy. The study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) attenuation conducted by high performance liquid chromatography revealed that more PAH was eliminated from liquid culture around nodulated roots than nodule-free roots. PAH sublimation and denaturation gradient gel electrophoresis were applied to analyze the capability and diversity of PAH degrading bacteria from the following four parts of rhizo-microzone: bulk soil, root surface, nodule surface and nodule inside. The results indicated that the surface and inside of cowpea root nodules were colonized with bacterial consortia that utilized PHE. Our results demonstrated that root nodules not only fixed nitrogen, but also enriched PAH-utilizing microorganisms both inside and outside of the nodules. Legume nodules may have biotechnological values for PAH degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China,
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19
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Aserse AA, Räsänen LA, Aseffa F, Hailemariam A, Lindström K. Diversity of sporadic symbionts and nonsymbiotic endophytic bacteria isolated from nodules of woody, shrub, and food legumes in Ethiopia. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:10117-34. [PMID: 24196581 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Fifty-five bacterial isolates were obtained from surface-sterilized nodules of woody and shrub legumes growing in Ethiopia: Crotalaria spp., Indigofera spp., and Erythrina brucei, and the food legumes soybean and common bean. Based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the majority of the isolates were identified as Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the genera Achromobacter, Agrobacterium, Burkholderia, Cronobacter, Enterobacter, Mesorhizobium, Novosphingobium, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Rahnella, Rhizobium, Serratia, and Variovorax. Seven isolates were Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the genera Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Planomicrobium, and Rhodococcus. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting showed that each strain was genetically distinct. According to phylogenetic analysis of recA, glnII, rpoB, and 16S rRNA gene sequences, Rhizobium, Mesorhizobium, and Agrobacterium were further classified into six different genospecies: Agrobacterium spp., Agrobacterium radiobacter, Rhizobium sp., Rhizobium phaseoli, Mesorhizobium sp., and putative new Rhizobium species. The strains from R. phaseoli, Rhizobium sp. IAR30, and Mesorhizobium sp. ERR6 induced nodules on their host plants. The other strains did not form nodules on their original host. Nine endophytic bacterial strains representing seven genera, Agrobacterium, Burkholderia, Paenibacillus, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, and Serratia, were found to colonize nodules of Crotalaria incana and common bean on co-inoculation with symbiotic rhizobia. Four endophytic Rhizobium and two Agrobacterium strains had identical nifH gene sequences with symbiotic Rhizobium strains, suggesting horizontal gene transfer. Most symbiotic and nonsymbiotic endophytic bacteria showed plant growth-promoting properties in vitro, which indicate their potential role in the promotion of plant growth when colonizing plant roots and the rhizosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aregu Amsalu Aserse
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, 00014, Finland,
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20
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Chihaoui SA, Mhadhbi H, Mhamdi R. The antibiosis of nodule-endophytic agrobacteria and its potential effect on nodule functioning of Phaseolus vulgaris. Arch Microbiol 2012; 194:1013-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-012-0837-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Baimiev AK, Ivanova ES, Ptitsyn KG, Belimov AA, Safronova VI, Baimiev AK. Genetic characterization of wild leguminous nodular bacteria living in the South Urals. MOLECULAR GENETICS MICROBIOLOGY AND VIROLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.3103/s0891416812010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Salem S, Saidi S, Chihaoui SA, Mhamdi R. Inoculation of Phaseolus vulgaris, Medicago laciniata and Medicago polymorpha with Agrobacterium sp. strain 10C2 may enhance nodulation and shoot dry weight but does not affect host range specificity. ANN MICROBIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-012-0439-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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23
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Rahi P, Kapoor R, Young JPW, Gulati A. A genetic discontinuity in root-nodulating bacteria of cultivated pea in the Indian trans-Himalayas. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:145-59. [PMID: 22092487 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05368.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Evolutionary relationships of 120 root-nodulating bacteria isolated from the nodules of Pisum sativum cultivated at 22 different locations of the trans-Himalayan valleys of Lahaul and Spiti in the state of Himachal Pradesh of India were studied using 16S rRNA gene PCR-RFLP, ERIC-PCR, sequencing of 16S rRNA, atpD, recA, nodC and nifH genes, carbon-source utilization pattern (BIOLOG™), and whole-cell fatty acid profiling. The results demonstrated that all isolates belonged to Rhizobium leguminosarum symbiovar viciae (Rlv). Isolates from the two valleys were clearly separated on the basis of ERIC fingerprints, carbon-source utilization pattern, and whole-cell fatty acid methyl esters. Phylogenetic analysis of atpD, recA, nodC and nifH genes revealed a common Rlv sublineage in Spiti valley. Lahaul valley isolates were represented by three sequence types of atpD and recA genes, and four sequence types of nodC and nifH genes. Genotypes from the two valleys were completely distinct, except for two Lahaul isolates that shared nodC and nifH sequences with Spiti isolates but were otherwise more similar to other Lahaul isolates. Isolates from the two highest Spiti valley sites (above 4000 m) had a distinctive whole-cell fatty acid profile. Spiti valley isolates are closely related to Rlv sublineages from Xinjiang and Shanxi provinces in China, while Lahaul valley isolates resemble cosmopolitan strains of the western world. The high mountain pass between these valleys represents a boundary between two distinct microbial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Rahi
- Plant Pathology and Microbiology Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, PO Box 6, Palampur-176061 (HP), India
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24
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Dudeja SS, Giri R, Saini R, Suneja-Madan P, Kothe E. Interaction of endophytic microbes with legumes. J Basic Microbiol 2011; 52:248-60. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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25
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Diverse rhizobia associated with Sophora alopecuroides grown in different regions of Loess Plateau in China. Syst Appl Microbiol 2010; 33:468-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Stackebrandt E. Diversification and focusing: strategies of microbial culture collections. Trends Microbiol 2010; 18:283-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2010.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 04/29/2010] [Accepted: 05/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Sklarz MY, Angel R, Gillor O, Soares MIM. Evaluating amplified rDNA restriction analysis assay for identification of bacterial communities. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2009; 96:659-64. [PMID: 19777364 PMCID: PMC2764076 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-009-9380-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 09/15/2009] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) and restriction fragment length polymorphism were originally used for strain typing and for screening clone libraries to identify phylogenetic clusters within a microbial community. Here we used ARDRA as a model to examine the capacity of restriction-based techniques for clone identification, and the possibility of deriving phylogenetic information from ARDRA-based dendrograms. ARDRA was performed in silico on 48,759 sequences from the Ribosomal Database Project, and it was found that the fragmentation profiles were not necessarily unique for each sequence in the database, resulting in different species sharing fragmentation profiles. Although ARDRA-based clusters separated clones into different genera, these phylogenetic clusters did not overlap with trees constructed according to sequence alignment, calling into question the intra-genus ARDRA-based phylogeny. It is thus suggested that the prediction power of ARDRA clusters in identifying clone phylogeny be regarded with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menachem Y Sklarz
- Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology, Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990 Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel.
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28
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Bromfield ESP, Tambong JT, Cloutier S, Prévost D, Laguerre G, van Berkum P, Thi TVT, Assabgui R, Barran LR. Ensifer, Phyllobacterium and Rhizobium species occupy nodules of Medicago sativa (alfalfa) and Melilotus alba (sweet clover) grown at a Canadian site without a history of cultivation. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2009; 156:505-520. [PMID: 19875436 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.034058-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Phage-resistant and -susceptible bacteria from nodules of alfalfa and sweet clover, grown at a site without a known history of cultivation, were identified as diverse genotypes of Ensifer, Rhizobium and Phyllobacterium species based on sequence analysis of ribosomal (16S and 23S rRNA) and protein-encoding (atpD and recA) genes, Southern hybridization/RFLP and a range of phenotypic characteristics. Among phage-resistant bacteria, one genotype of Rhizobium sp. predominated on alfalfa (frequency approximately 68 %) but was recovered infrequently ( approximately 1 %) from sweet clover. A second genotype was isolated infrequently only from alfalfa. These genotypes fixed nitrogen poorly in association with sweet clover and Phaseolus vulgaris, but were moderately effective with alfalfa. They produced a near-neutral reaction on mineral salts agar containing mannitol, which is atypical of the genus Rhizobium. A single isolate of Ensifer sp. and two of Phyllobacterium sp. were recovered only from sweet clover. All were highly resistant to multiple antibiotics. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Ensifer sp. strain T173 is closely related to, but separate from, the non-symbiotic species 'Sinorhizobium morelense'. Strain T173 is unique in that it possesses a 175 kb symbiotic plasmid and elicits ineffective nodules on alfalfa, sweet clover, Medicago lupulina and Macroptilium atropurpureum. The two Phyllobacterium spp. were non-symbiotic and probably represent bacterial opportunists. Three genotypes of E. meliloti that were symbiotically effective with alfalfa and sweet clover were encountered infrequently. Among phage-susceptible isolates, two genotypes of E. medicae were encountered infrequently and were highly effective with alfalfa, sweet clover and Medicago polymorpha. The ecological and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S P Bromfield
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OC6, Canada
| | - J T Tambong
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OC6, Canada
| | - S Cloutier
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OC6, Canada
| | - D Prévost
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2560 Hochelaga Blvd, Quebec G1V 2J3, Canada
| | - G Laguerre
- INRA, USC 1242 Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, F-34398 Montpellier, France
| | - P van Berkum
- USDA ARS, Bldg 006, BARC-West, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - T V Tran Thi
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OC6, Canada
| | - R Assabgui
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OC6, Canada
| | - L R Barran
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OC6, Canada
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29
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Álvarez-Martínez ER, Valverde Á, Ramírez-Bahena MH, García-Fraile P, Tejedor C, Mateos PF, Santillana N, Zúñiga D, Peix A, Velázquez E. The analysis of core and symbiotic genes of rhizobia nodulating Vicia from different continents reveals their common phylogenetic origin and suggests the distribution of Rhizobium leguminosarum strains together with Vicia seeds. Arch Microbiol 2009; 191:659-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-009-0495-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Revised: 05/31/2009] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Farida B, Géraldine D, Abdelghani B, Djellali B, Said B, Gisèle L. Retama species growing in different ecological–climatic areas of northeastern Algeria have a narrow range of rhizobia that form a novel phylogenetic clade within the Bradyrhizobium genus. Syst Appl Microbiol 2009; 32:245-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2009.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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