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Acevedo-Monroy SE, Rocha-Ramírez LM, Martínez Gómez D, Basurto-Alcántara FJ, Medina-Contreras Ó, Hernández-Chiñas U, Quiñones-Peña MA, García-Sosa DI, Ramírez-Lezama J, Rodríguez-García JA, González-Villalobos E, Castro-Luna R, Martínez-Cristóbal L, Eslava-Campos CA. Polyvalent Bacterial Lysate with Potential Use to Treatment and Control of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6157. [PMID: 38892345 PMCID: PMC11173243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Overuse of antimicrobials has greatly contributed to the increase in the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, a situation that hinders the control and treatment of infectious diseases. This is the case with urinary tract infections (UTIs), which represent a substantial percentage of worldwide public health problems, thus the need to look for alternatives for their control and treatment. Previous studies have shown the usefulness of autologous bacterial lysates as an alternative for the treatment and control of UTIs. However, a limitation is the high cost of producing individual immunogens. At the same time, an important aspect of vaccines is their immunogenic amplitude, which is the reason why they must be constituted of diverse antigenic components. In the case of UTIs, the etiology of the disease is associated with different bacteria, and even Escherichia coli, the main causal agent of the disease, is made up of several antigenic variants. In this work, we present results on the study of a bacterial lysate composed of 10 serotypes of Escherichia coli and by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella aerogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter freundii, and Staphylococcus haemolyticus. The safety of the compound was tested on cells in culture and in an animal model, and its immunogenic capacity by analysing in vitro human and murine macrophages (cell line J774 A1). The results show that the polyvalent lysate did not cause damage to the cells in culture or alterations in the animal model used. The immunostimulatory activity assay showed that it activates the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 in human macrophages and TNF-α in murine cells. The obtained results suggest that the polyvalent lysate evaluated can be an alternative for the treatment and control of chronic urinary tract infections, which will reduce the use of antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Eduardo Acevedo-Monroy
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez/Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col Doctores, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico or (S.E.A.-M.); (U.H.-C.); (M.A.Q.-P.); (D.I.G.-S.); (J.A.R.-G.)
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #3000, Colonia, C.U., Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Luz María Rocha-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez. Secretaría de Salud, Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col Doctores, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico;
| | - Daniel Martínez Gómez
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Laboratorio de Microbiología Agropecuaria, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Colonia Villa Quietud, Alcaldía Coyoacán, C.P., Ciudad de México 04960, Mexico;
| | - Francisco Javier Basurto-Alcántara
- Laboratorio de Vacunología y Constatación, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #3000, Colonia, C.U., Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Óscar Medina-Contreras
- Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica en Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col. Doctores, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico;
| | - Ulises Hernández-Chiñas
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez/Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col Doctores, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico or (S.E.A.-M.); (U.H.-C.); (M.A.Q.-P.); (D.I.G.-S.); (J.A.R.-G.)
- Unidad Periférica de Investigación Básica y Clínica en Enfermedades Infecciosas; Departamento de Salud Pública, División de Investigación Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col Doctores, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
| | - María Alejandra Quiñones-Peña
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez/Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col Doctores, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico or (S.E.A.-M.); (U.H.-C.); (M.A.Q.-P.); (D.I.G.-S.); (J.A.R.-G.)
- Department of Health & Biomedical Science College of Health Professions, Biomedical Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
| | - Daniela Itzel García-Sosa
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez/Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col Doctores, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico or (S.E.A.-M.); (U.H.-C.); (M.A.Q.-P.); (D.I.G.-S.); (J.A.R.-G.)
| | - José Ramírez-Lezama
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - José Alejandro Rodríguez-García
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez/Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col Doctores, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico or (S.E.A.-M.); (U.H.-C.); (M.A.Q.-P.); (D.I.G.-S.); (J.A.R.-G.)
| | - Edgar González-Villalobos
- Laboratorio de Epidemiología Molecular, Departamento de Salud Pública División de Investigación Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #3000, Colonia, C.U., Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Raúl Castro-Luna
- Bioterio, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col Doctores, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico; (R.C.-L.); (L.M.-C.)
| | - Leonel Martínez-Cristóbal
- Bioterio, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col Doctores, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico; (R.C.-L.); (L.M.-C.)
| | - Carlos Alberto Eslava-Campos
- Laboratorio de Patogenicidad Bacteriana, Unidad de Hemato-Oncología e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez/Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col Doctores, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico or (S.E.A.-M.); (U.H.-C.); (M.A.Q.-P.); (D.I.G.-S.); (J.A.R.-G.)
- Unidad Periférica de Investigación Básica y Clínica en Enfermedades Infecciosas; Departamento de Salud Pública, División de Investigación Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Dr. Márquez No. 162, Col Doctores, Alcaldía Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico
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2
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de Carvalho TP, da Silva LA, Castanheira TLL, de Souza TD, da Paixão TA, Lazaro-Anton L, Tsolis RM, Santos RL. Cell and Tissue Tropism of Brucella spp. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0006223. [PMID: 37129522 PMCID: PMC10187126 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00062-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucella spp. are facultatively intracellular bacteria that can infect, survive, and multiply in various host cell types in vivo and/or in vitro. The genus Brucella has markedly expanded in recent years with the identification of novel species and hosts, which has revealed additional information about the cell and tissue tropism of these pathogens. Classically, Brucella spp. are considered to have tropism for organs that contain large populations of phagocytes such as lymph nodes, spleen, and liver, as well as for organs of the genital system, including the uterus, epididymis, testis, and placenta. However, experimental infections of several different cultured cell types indicate that Brucella may actually have a broader cell tropism than previously thought. Indeed, recent studies indicate that certain Brucella species in particular hosts may display a pantropic distribution in vivo. This review discusses the available knowledge on cell and tissue tropism of Brucella spp. in natural infections of various host species, as well as in experimental animal models and cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaynara Parente de Carvalho
- Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California – Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Laice Alves da Silva
- Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thaís Larissa Lourenço Castanheira
- Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Norte de Minas Gerais, Salinas, Brazil
| | - Tayse Domingues de Souza
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tatiane Alves da Paixão
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Leticia Lazaro-Anton
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California – Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Renee M. Tsolis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California – Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Renato Lima Santos
- Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California – Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Zhi F, Fang J, Zheng W, Li J, Zhang G, Zhou D, Jin Y, Wang A. A Brucella Omp16 Conditional Deletion Strain Is Attenuated in BALB/c Mice. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:6-14. [PMID: 34675138 PMCID: PMC9628832 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2107.07016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Brucella spp. are facultative intracellular pathogens that invade, survive and proliferate in numerous phagocytic and non-phagocytic cell types, thereby leading to human and animal brucellosis. Outer membrane proteins (Omps) are major immunogenic and protective antigens that are implicated in Brucella virulence. A strain deleted of the omp16 gene has not been obtained which suggests that the Omp16 protein is vital for Brucella survival. Nevertheless, we previously constructed an omp16 conditional deletion strain of Brucella, ΔOmp16. Here, the virulence and immune response elicted by this strain were assessed in a mouse model of infection. Splenomegaly was significantly reduced at two weeks post-infection in ΔOmp16-infected mice compared to infection with the parental strain. The bacterial load in the spleen also was significantly decreased at this post-infection time point in ΔOmp16-infected mice. Histopathological changes in the spleen were observed via hematoxylineosin staining and microscopic examination which showed that infection with the ΔOmp16 strain alleviated spleen histopathological alterations compared to mice infected with the parental strain. Moreover, the levels of humoral and cellular immunity were similar in both ΔOmp16-infected mice and parental strain-infected mice. The results overall show that the virulence of ΔOmp16 is attenuated markedly, but that the immune responses mediated by the deletion and parental strains in mice are indistinguishable. The data provide important insights that illuminate the pathogenic strategies adopted by Brucella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feijie Zhi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China
| | - Jiaoyang Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China
| | - Weifang Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China
| | - Junmei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China
| | - Guangdong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China
| | - Dong Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China
| | - Aihua Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China,Corresponding author Phone: +862987082869 E-mail:
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de la Garza-García JA, Ouahrani-Bettache S, Lyonnais S, Ornelas-Eusebio E, Freddi L, Al Dahouk S, Occhialini A, Köhler S. Comparative Genome-Wide Transcriptome Analysis of Brucella suis and Brucella microti Under Acid Stress at pH 4.5: Cold Shock Protein CspA and Dps Are Associated With Acid Resistance of B. microti. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:794535. [PMID: 34966374 PMCID: PMC8710502 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.794535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellae are facultative intracellular coccobacilli causing brucellosis, one of the most widespread bacterial zoonosis affecting wildlife animals, livestock and humans. The genus Brucella comprises classical and atypical species, such as Brucella suis and Brucella microti, respectively. The latter is characterized by increased metabolic activity, fast growth rates, and extreme acid resistance at pH 2.5, suggesting an advantage for environmental survival. In addition, B. microti is more acid-tolerant than B. suis at the intermediate pH of 4.5. This acid-resistant phenotype of B. microti may have major implications for fitness in soil, food products and macrophages. Our study focused on the identification and characterization of acid resistance determinants of B. suis and B. microti in Gerhardt's minimal medium at pH 4.5 and 7.0 for 20 min and 2 h by comparative RNA-Seq-based transcriptome analysis, validated by RT-qPCR. Results yielded a common core response in both species with a total of 150 differentially expressed genes, and acidic pH-dependent genes regulated specifically in each species. The identified core response mechanisms comprise proton neutralization or extrusion from the cytosol, participating in maintaining physiological intracellular pH values. Differential expression of 441 genes revealed species-specific mechanisms in B. microti with rapid physiological adaptation to acid stress, anticipating potential damage to cellular components and critical energy conditions. Acid stress-induced genes encoding cold shock protein CspA, pseudogene in B. suis, and stress protein Dps were associated with survival of B. microti at pH 4.5. B. suis response with 284 specifically regulated genes suggested increased acid stress-mediated protein misfolding or damaging, triggering the set-up of repair strategies countering the consequences rather than the origin of acid stress and leading to subsequent loss of viability. In conclusion, our work supports the hypothesis that increased acid stress resistance of B. microti is based on selective pressure for the maintenance of functionality of critical genes, and on specific differential gene expression, resulting in rapid adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A de la Garza-García
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Safia Ouahrani-Bettache
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Erika Ornelas-Eusebio
- Unité des Zoonoses Bactériennes and Unité d'Epidémiologie, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, ANSES, University Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Luca Freddi
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Alessandra Occhialini
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Stephan Köhler
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier (IRIM), CNRS, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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Valdez-Miramontes CE, De Haro-Acosta J, Aréchiga-Flores CF, Verdiguel-Fernández L, Rivas-Santiago B. Antimicrobial peptides in domestic animals and their applications in veterinary medicine. Peptides 2021; 142:170576. [PMID: 34033877 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are molecules with a broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. These peptides are widely distributed in insects, amphibians and mammals. Indeed, they are key molecules of the innate immune system with remarkable antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity. Besides, these peptides have also shown regulatory activity for gut microbiota and have been considered inductors of growth performance. The current review describes the updated findings of antimicrobial peptides in domestic animals, such as bovines, goats, sheep, pigs, horses, canines and felines, analyzing the most relevant aspects of their use as potential therapeutics and their applications in Veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Valdez-Miramontes
- Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico.
| | - Jeny De Haro-Acosta
- Medical Research Unit-Zacatecas, Mexican Institute for Social Security- IMSS, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - C F Aréchiga-Flores
- Academic Unit of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - L Verdiguel-Fernández
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Veterinary, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico
| | - B Rivas-Santiago
- Medical Research Unit-Zacatecas, Mexican Institute for Social Security- IMSS, Zacatecas, Mexico
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Roop RM, Barton IS, Hopersberger D, Martin DW. Uncovering the Hidden Credentials of Brucella Virulence. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2021; 85:e00021-19. [PMID: 33568459 PMCID: PMC8549849 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00021-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria in the genus Brucella are important human and veterinary pathogens. The abortion and infertility they cause in food animals produce economic hardships in areas where the disease has not been controlled, and human brucellosis is one of the world's most common zoonoses. Brucella strains have also been isolated from wildlife, but we know much less about the pathobiology and epidemiology of these infections than we do about brucellosis in domestic animals. The brucellae maintain predominantly an intracellular lifestyle in their mammalian hosts, and their ability to subvert the host immune response and survive and replicate in macrophages and placental trophoblasts underlies their success as pathogens. We are just beginning to understand how these bacteria evolved from a progenitor alphaproteobacterium with an environmental niche and diverged to become highly host-adapted and host-specific pathogens. Two important virulence determinants played critical roles in this evolution: (i) a type IV secretion system that secretes effector molecules into the host cell cytoplasm that direct the intracellular trafficking of the brucellae and modulate host immune responses and (ii) a lipopolysaccharide moiety which poorly stimulates host inflammatory responses. This review highlights what we presently know about how these and other virulence determinants contribute to Brucella pathogenesis. Gaining a better understanding of how the brucellae produce disease will provide us with information that can be used to design better strategies for preventing brucellosis in animals and for preventing and treating this disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Martin Roop
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ian S Barton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dariel Hopersberger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel W Martin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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Comparative proteomic analysis of outer membrane vesicles from Brucella suis, Brucella ovis, Brucella canis and Brucella neotomae. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:1611-1626. [PMID: 33432377 PMCID: PMC7799404 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02170-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria release nanovesicles, called outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), from their outer membrane. Proteomics has been used to determine their composition. OMVs contain proteins able to elicit an immune response, so they have been proposed as a model to develop acellular vaccines. In this study, OMVs of Brucella suis, B. ovis, B. canis, and B. neotomae were purified and analyzed by SDS-PAGE, transmission electron microscopy and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry to determine the pan-proteome of these vesicles. In addition, antigenic proteins were detected by western blot with anti-Brucella sera. The in silico analysis of the pan-proteome revealed many homologous proteins, such as Omp16, Omp25, Omp31, SodC, Omp2a, and BhuA. Proteins contained in the vesicles from different Brucella species were detected by anti-Brucella sera. The occurrence of previously described immunogenic proteins derived from OMVs supports the use of these vesicles as candidates to be evaluated as an acellular brucellosis vaccine.
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Harzandi N, Aghababa H, Khoramabadi N, Tabaraie T. Efficient Immunization of BALB/c Mice against Pathogenic Brucella melitensis and B. ovis: Comparing Cell-Mediated and Protective Immune Responses Elicited by pCDNA3.1 and pVAX1 DNA Vaccines Coding for Omp31 of Brucella melitensis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 19:e2618. [PMID: 34179193 PMCID: PMC8217529 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2021.2618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Brucella spp. are intracellular pathogens, therefore cell-mediated immunity is the main response to inhibit survival and growth of the bacteria in vertebrate host. Objective Many eukaryotic plasmid vectors are being used in setting up DNA vaccines which may show different efficiencies in same conditions. This is important in designing the vaccines and immunization strategies. We looked into the probable differences of immune responses induced by different eukaryotic DNA plasmid vectors (pcDNA3.1 and pVAX1) harboring the same Omp31 gene of B. melitensis. Materials and Methods Female BALB/c mice were immunized with pcDNA -omp31 and pVAX-omp31 and further boosted with recombinant Omp31. Subclasses of specific serum IgG against the rOmp31 were measured by ELISA. Cytokines responses to rOmp31 in Splenocyte cultures of the immunized mice were evaluated by measuring the production of IL-4, IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-γ. Protective responses of the immunized mice were evaluated by intraperitoneal challenge with pathogenic Brucella melitensis 16M and Brucella ovis PA76250. Results Both DNA vaccine candidates conferred potent Th1-type responses with higher levels of cytokines and immunoglobulins observed in mice immunized with pVAX-omp31. Although pcDNA-omp31 and pVAX-omp31 both elicited protective immunity, mice immunized with the latter showed a higher protection against both B. melitensis and B. ovis PA76250. Conclusion The results of this study highlight the significant differences between efficiency of diverse plasmid backbones in DNA vaccines which code for an identical antigen. Comparing various plasmid vectors should be considered as an essential part of the studies aiming construction of DNA vaccines for intracellular pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Harzandi
- Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Haniyeh Aghababa
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nima Khoramabadi
- Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Termeh Tabaraie
- Department of Cardiology, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Omp16, a conserved peptidoglycan-associated lipoprotein, is involved in Brucella virulence in vitro. J Microbiol 2020; 58:793-804. [PMID: 32870485 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-020-0144-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Brucella, the bacterial agent of common zoonotic brucellosis, primarily infects specific animal species. The Brucella outer membrane proteins (Omps) are particularly attractive for developing vaccine and improving diagnostic tests and are associated with the virulence of smooth Brucella strains. Omp16 is a homologue to peptidoglycan-associated lipoproteins (Pals), and an omp16 mutant has not been generated in any Brucella strain until now. Very little is known about the functions and pathogenic mechanisms of Omp16 in Brucella. Here, we confirmed that Omp16 has a conserved Pal domain and is highly conserved in Brucella. We attempted to delete omp16 in Brucella suis vaccine strain 2 (B. suis S2) without success, which shows that Omp16 is vital for Brucella survival. We acquired a B. suis S2 Omp16 mutant via conditional complementation. Omp16 deficiency impaired Brucella outer membrane integrity and activity in vitro. Moreover, inactivation of Omp16 decreased bacterial intracellular survival in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. B. suis S2 and its derivatives induced marked expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-a mRNA in Raw 264.7 cells. Whereas inactivation of Omp16 in Brucella enhanced IL-1β and IL-6 expression in Raw 264.7 cells. Altogether, these findings show that the Brucella Omp16 mutant was obtained via conditional complementation and confirmed that Omp16 can maintain outer membrane integrity and be involved in bacterial virulence in Brucella in vitro and in vivo. These results will be important in uncovering the pathogenic mechanisms of Brucella.
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Verdiguel-Fernández L, Oropeza-Navarro R, Ortiz A, Robles-Pesina MG, Ramírez-Lezama J, Castañeda-Ramírez A, Verdugo-Rodríguez A. Brucella melitensis omp31 Mutant Is Attenuated and Confers Protection Against Virulent Brucella melitensis Challenge in BALB/c Mice. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:497-504. [PMID: 31986561 PMCID: PMC9728373 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1908.08056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
For control of brucellosis in small ruminants, attenuated B. melitensis Rev1 is used but it can be virulent for animals and human. Based on these aspects, it is essential to identify potential immunogens to avoid these problems in prevention of brucellosis. The majority of OMPs in the Omp25/31 family have been studied because these proteins are relevant in maintaining the integrity of the outer membrane but their implication in the virulence of the different species of this genus is not clearly described. Therefore, in this work we studied the role of Omp31 on virulence by determining the residual virulence and detecting lesions in spleen and testis of mice inoculated with the B. melitensis LVM31 mutant strain. In addition, we evaluated the conferred protection in mice immunized with the mutant strain against the challenge with the B. melitensis Bm133 virulent strain. Our results showed that the mutation of omp31 caused a decrease in splenic colonization without generating apparent lesions or histopathological changes apparent in both organs in comparison with the control strains and that the mutant strain conferred similar protection as the B. melitensis Rev1 vaccine strain against the challenge with B. melitensis Bm133 virulent strain. These results allow us to conclude that Omp31 plays an important role on the virulence of B. melitensis in the murine model, and due to the attenuation shown by the strain, it could be considered a vaccine candidate for the prevention of goat brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Verdiguel-Fernández
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, colonia UNAM CU, Coyoacán C.P 04510, CdMx, México
| | - R Oropeza-Navarro
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Adolfo Ortiz
- Unidad de Bioseguridad de Brucella, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, México
| | - MG Robles-Pesina
- Centro Nacional de Servicios de Diagnóstico en Salud Animal (CENASA), Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria, Tecámac, México
| | - J Ramírez-Lezama
- Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, CdMx, México
| | - A Castañeda-Ramírez
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo, Texcoco, México
| | - A Verdugo-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, colonia UNAM CU, Coyoacán C.P 04510, CdMx, México,Corresponding author Phone: +52-1-555622-58-97 E-mail:
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Waldrop SG, Sriranganathan N. Intracellular invasion and survival of Brucella neotomae, another possible zoonotic Brucella species. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213601. [PMID: 30943213 PMCID: PMC6447175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1967, Brucella neotomae was first isolated from Neotoma lepida, the dessert wood rat, in Utah. With little infection data since its discovery, the zoonotic potential of this Brucella species is largely unknown. Recent reports of isolation from human cerebrospinal fluid, along with current literature suggest that B. neotomae has the ability to infect various hosts and cell types. In this report we extend the knowledge of B. neotomae ATCC 23459’s intracellular invasion and survival abilities to a variety of cell lines through gentamicin protection assays. Some of the phagocytic and epithelial cell lines from various mammalian species represent characteristics of some cell types that could be encountered by Brucella in potential hosts. It was found that B. neotomae ATCC 23459 exhibits generally lower intracellular bacterial CFUs compared to the mouse-passaged strain of B. neotomae ATCC 23459, B. suis 1330, and B. abortus 2308. Ultimately, these observations provide a small piece of the puzzle in the investigation of the breadth of B. neotomae’s pathogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Grant Waldrop
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Nammalwar Sriranganathan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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García-Gil A, Lopez-Bailon LU, Ortiz-Navarrete V. Beyond the antibody: B cells as a target for bacterial infection. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:905-913. [PMID: 30657607 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.mr0618-225r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that B cells play an important role during infections beyond antibody production. B cells produce cytokines and are APCs for T cells. Recently, it has become clear that several pathogenic bacterial genera, such as Salmonella, Brucella, Mycobacterium, Listeria, Francisella, Moraxella, and Helicobacter, have evolved mechanisms such as micropinocytosis induction, inflammasome down-regulation, inhibitory molecule expression, apoptosis induction, and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion to manipulate B cell functions influencing immune responses. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of B cells as targets of bacterial infection and the mechanisms by which B cells become a niche for bacterial survival and replication away from extracellular immune responses such as complement and antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham García-Gil
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Uriel Lopez-Bailon
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vianney Ortiz-Navarrete
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
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