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Facchin BM, Lubschinski TL, Moon YJK, de Oliveira PGF, Beck BK, da Silva Buss Z, Pollo LAE, Biavatti MW, Sandjo LP, Dalmarco EM. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effect of 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2024; 38:168-182. [PMID: 37558213 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammation is a physiological event that protects the organism against different factors that lead to loss of tissue homeostasis. Dihydropyridine (DHP) derivatives are heterocyclic compounds known for their different biological activities, including anti-inflammatory activities. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivatives using anti-inflammatory models in vitro, in RAW264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and in vivo using the acute lung injury (ALI) model in mice. RESULTS Fifteen compounds derived from 1,4-DHP were tested in RAW264.7 cells for their cytotoxic effect and cell viability. Thereafter, only the six compounds that showed the highest cell viability were tested for the production or inhibition of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6). The best compound (compound 4) was tested for its anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo, showing inhibition of nitric oxide (NO), pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased phagocytic activity, and an increase in IL-10 in vitro. In in vivo tests, compound 4 also reduces the levels of NO, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, leukocyte migration, and exudation, as well as reducing the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6 and preventing the loss in the lung architecture. CONCLUSION This compound showed important anti-inflammatory activity, with a significant ability to reduce the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and increase the phagocytic activity of macrophages and anti-inflammatory mediator secretion (IL-10). These findings led us to hypothesize that this compound can repolarize the macrophage response to an anti-inflammatory profile (M2). Moreover, it was also able to maintain its anti-inflammatory activity in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Matheus Facchin
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Yeo Jim Kinoshita Moon
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca Klafke Beck
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ziliani da Silva Buss
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Maique Weber Biavatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Louis Pergaud Sandjo
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Lee Y, Lee JE, Lee AR, Choi EY, Choi IS, Kim SJ. Nifedipine attenuates alveolar bone destruction and improves trabecular microarchitectures in mice with experimental periodontitis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:3627-3633. [PMID: 37278771 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02557-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that nifedipine exerts anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions in addition to being a calcium channel blocker. The present study was performed to explore the influence of nifedipine on alveolar bone destruction in mice with experimental periodontitis by evaluating morphological information acquired from micro-computed tomography analysis. BALB/c mice were randomly assigned into four groups: control (C) group; experimental periodontitis (E) group; experimental periodontitis + 10 mg/kg dose of nifedipine (EN10) group; and experimental periodontitis + 50 mg/kg dose of nifedipine (EN50) group. Periodontitis was induced by oral inoculation with Porphyromonas gingivalis over a 3-week time period. Nifedipine significantly mitigated the loss of alveolar bone height as well as increase of root surface exposure induced by experimental periodontitis. Additionally, the reduction in the bone volume fraction associated with P. gingivalis infection was significantly recovered upon nifedipine treatment. Further, nifedipine attenuated P. gingivalis-induced deteriorations in the trabeculae-associated parameters. Significant difference was evident between Groups EN10 and EN50 in both the extent of alveolar bone loss and microstructural parameters assessed, except trabecular separation and trabecular number. Nifedipine appeared to have good performance in ameliorating bone loss in mice with induced periodontitis. Nifedipine may be utilized in the clinical management of periodontitis, though further research is indicated to verify the therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Korea
- Department of Biological Science, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan, Korea
| | - Ah Rim Lee
- Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Korea
- Department of Biological Science, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Choi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan, Korea
| | - In Soon Choi
- Department of Biological Science, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung-Jo Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Korea.
- Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Korea.
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Alagusundaram M, Jain NK, Begum MY, Parameswari SA, Nelson VK, Bayan MF, Chandrasekaran B. Development and Characterization of Gel-Based Buccoadhesive Bilayer Formulation of Nifedipine. Gels 2023; 9:688. [PMID: 37754369 PMCID: PMC10530715 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A promising controlled drug delivery system has been developed based on polymeric buccoadhesive bilayered formulation that uses a drug-free backing layer and a polymeric hydrophilic gel buccoadhesive core layer containing nifedipine. The DSC thermogravimetric analysis confirms the drug's entrapment in the gel layer and reveals no evidence of a potential interaction. Various ratios of bioadhesive polymers, including HPMC K100, PVP K30, SCMC, and CP 934, were combined with EC as an impermeable backing layer to ensure unidirectional drug release towards the buccal mucosa. The polymeric compositions of hydrophilic gel-natured HPMC, SCMC, and CP formed a matrix layer by surrounding the core nifedipine during compression. Preformulation studies were performed for all of the ingredients in order to evaluate their physical and flow characteristics. Ex vivo buccoadhesive strength, surface pH, swelling index, in vitro and in vivo drug release, and ex vivo permeation investigations were performed to evaluate the produced gel-based system. Rapid temperature variations had no appreciable impact on the substance's physical properties, pharmacological content, or buccoadhesive strength during stability testing using actual human saliva. It was clear from a histological examination of the ex vivo mucosa that the developed system did not cause any irritation or inflammation at the site of administration. The formulation NT5 was the best one, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9966. The in vitro and in vivo drug release profiles were well correlated, and they mimic the in vitro drug release pattern via the biological membrane. Thus, the developed gel-based formulation was found to be novel, stable, and useful for the targeted delivery of nifedipine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Alagusundaram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, ITM University, Gwalior 474001, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nem Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, ITM University, Gwalior 474001, Madhya Pradesh, India;
| | - M. Yasmin Begum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Angala Parameswari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Jagan’s Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nellore 524346, Andhra Pradesh, India;
| | - Vinod Kumar Nelson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapuramu 515721, Andhra Pradesh, India;
| | - Mohammad F. Bayan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, P.O. Box 1, Amman 19392, Jordan; (M.F.B.); (B.C.)
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Szychowski KA, Skóra B, Tabęcka-Łonczyńska A. Calcium channel antagonists interfere with the mechanism of action of elastin-derived peptide VGVAPG in mouse cortical astrocytes in vitro. Neurochem Int 2022; 159:105405. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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The immunomodulatory effects of antihypertensive therapy: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113287. [PMID: 35728352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension remains the leading preventable risk factor for stroke and coronary artery disease, significantly contributing to all-cause global mortality and predisposing patients to renal and heart failure, as well as peripheral vascular disease. Due to the widespread usage of antihypertensive drugs, global mean blood pressure has remained unchanged or even slightly decreased over the past four decades. However, considering the broad spectrum of mechanisms involved in the action of antihypertensive drugs and the prevalence of their target receptors on immune cells, possible immunomodulatory effects which may exert beneficial effects of lowering blood pressure but also potentially alter immune function should be considered. In this review, we attempt to assess the consequences to immune system function of administering the five most commonly prescribed groups of antihypertensive drugs and to explain the mechanisms behind those interactions. Finally, we show potential gaps in our understanding of the effects of antihypertensive drugs on patient health. With regard to the widespread use of these drugs in the adult population worldwide, the discussed results may be of vital importance to evidence-based decision-making in daily clinical practice.
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Wang S, Xu S, Zhou J, Zhang L, Mao X, Yao X, Liu C. Luteolin transforms the polarity of bone marrow-derived macrophages to regulate the cytokine storm. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2021; 18:21. [PMID: 34059076 PMCID: PMC8165957 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-021-00285-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Macrophages are indispensable regulators of inflammatory responses. Macrophage polarisation and their secreted inflammatory factors have an association with the outcome of inflammation. Luteolin, a flavonoid abundant in plants, has anti-inflammatory activity, but whether luteolin can manipulate M1/M2 polarisation of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) to suppress inflammation is still unclear. This study aimed to observe the effects of luteolin on the polarity of BMDMs derived from C57BL/6 mice and the expression of inflammatory factors, to explore the mechanism by which luteolin regulates the BMDM polarity. Methods M1-polarised BMDMs were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) + interferon (IFN)-γ and M2-polarisation were stimulated with interleukin (IL)-4. BMDM morphology and phagocytosis were observed by laser confocal microscopy; levels of BMDM differentiation and cluster of differentiation (CD)11c or CD206 on the membrane surface were assessed by flow cytometry (FCM); mRNA and protein levels of M1/M2-type inflammatory factors were performed by qPCR and ELISA, respectively; and the expression of p-STAT1 and p-STAT6 protein pathways was detected by Western-blotting. Results The isolated mouse bone marrow cells were successfully differentiated into BMDMs, LPS + IFN-γ induced BMDM M1-phenotype polarisation, and IL-4 induced M2-phenotype polarisation. After M1-polarised BMDMs were treated with luteolin, the phagocytosis of M1-polarized BMDMs was reduced, and the M1-type pro-inflammatory factors including IL-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and CD86 were downregulated while the M2-type anti-inflammatory factors including IL-10, IL-13, found in inflammatory zone (FIZZ)1, Arginase (Arg)1 and CD206 were upregulated. Additionally, the expression of M1-type surface marker CD11c decreased. Nevertheless, the M2-type marker CD206 increased; and the levels of inflammatory signalling proteins phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription (p-STAT)1 and p-STAT6 were attenuated and enhanced, respectively. Conclusions Our study suggests that luteolin may transform BMDM polarity through p-STAT1/6 to regulate the expression of inflammatory mediators, thereby inhibiting inflammation. Naturally occurring luteolin holds promise as an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 100 Hongshan Road, Nanjing, 210028, China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuhang Xu
- Research Center of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 100 Hongshan Road, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Metabolomics, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 100 Hongshan Road, Nanjing, 210028, China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaodong Mao
- Research Center of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 100 Hongshan Road, Nanjing, 210028, China
| | - Xiaoming Yao
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 100 Hongshan Road, Nanjing, 210028, China. .,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chao Liu
- Research Center of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 100 Hongshan Road, Nanjing, 210028, China.
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