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Hanna DMF, Youshia J, Fahmy SF, George MY. Nose to brain delivery of naringin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for potential use in oxaliplatin-induced chemobrain in rats: impact on oxidative stress, cGAS/STING and HMGB1/RAGE/TLR2/MYD88 inflammatory axes. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1859-1873. [PMID: 37357778 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2228685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxaliplatin induces chemobrain in cancer patients/survivors. Nutraceutical naringin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties with low oral bioavailability. Our aim was to formulate naringin in chitosan nanoparticles for nose to brain delivery and assess its neuroprotective effect against oxaliplatin-induced chemobrain in rats. METHODS Naringin chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation. Rats were administered oral naringin (80 mg/kg), intranasal naringin (0.3 mg/kg) or intranasal naringin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (0.3 mg/kg). Naringin's neuroprotective efficacy was assessed based on behavioral tests, histopathology, and measuring oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. RESULTS Selected nanoparticles formulation showed drug loading of 5%, size of 150 nm and were cationic. Intranasal naringin administration enhanced memory function, inhibited hippocampal acetylcholinesterase activity, and corrected oxaliplatin-induced histological changes. Moreover, it reduced malondialdehyde and elevated reduced glutathione hippocampal levels. Furthermore, it decreased levels of inflammatory markers: NF-kB and TNF-α by 1.25-fold. Upstream to this inflammatory status, intranasal naringin downregulated the hippocampal protein levels of two pathways: cGAS/STING and HMGB1/RAGE/TLR2/MYD88. CONCLUSION Intranasal naringin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles showed superior amelioration of oxaliplatin-induced chemobrain in rats at a dose 267-fold lower to that administered orally. The potential involvement of cGAS/STING and HMGB1/RAGE/TLR2/MYD88 pathways in the mechanistic process of either oxaliplatin-induced chemobrain or naringin-mediated neuroprotection was evidenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M F Hanna
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - John Youshia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sarah Farid Fahmy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mina Y George
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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El-Hazek RMM, Zaher NH, Emam HES, El-Gazzar MG, Khalil A. Pyrazole-sulfonamide scaffold featuring dual-tail strategy as apoptosis inducers in colon cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5782. [PMID: 37031294 PMCID: PMC10082777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32820-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual-tail strategy has been successfully utilized in the development of novel carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) inhibitors. Herein we adopted this approach in the design and synthesis of a series of novel pyridine sulfonamide-pyrazole hybrid scaffold mimicking dual-tail inhibitors of CA IX. A library of 15 compounds was synthesized and assessed for their potential cytotoxic effects against colorectal cancer cells. Compounds 3, and 11 induced potential cytotoxic effects against the three cancer cell lines (HCT-116, HT-29, and SW-620) with IC50s' of 45.88, 28.27, and 16.57 uM, 25.01, 8.99, and 3.27 µM, respectively. Both compounds induced cellular apoptosis on HCT-116 and SW-620 cells, while compound 3 induced necrosis as well. In addition, both compounds induced cell cycle arrest on G0/G1, and S phases. Also, compound 11 showed potential autophagy induction on both colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116, and HT-29), and a little bit on metastatic type. Both compounds were less cytotoxic than the reference drug on normal epithelial cell. The migration rates of HCT-116 and the metastatic one SW-620 were reduced by both compounds. Finally, molecular docking of compounds 3 and 11 into the active site of CA IX confirmed in vitro inhibitory activity for both compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham M M El-Hazek
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Nashwa H Zaher
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt
| | - Hagar E S Emam
- Biomedical Research Division, Nawah Scientific, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa G El-Gazzar
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, 11787, Egypt.
| | - Amira Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, 11837, Egypt.
- The Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, Cairo, 11837, Egypt.
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3
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Lee TH, Devaki M, Formolo DA, Rosa JM, Cheng ASK, Yau SY. Effects of Voluntary Wheel Running Exercise on Chemotherapy-Impaired Cognitive and Motor Performance in Mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5371. [PMID: 37047984 PMCID: PMC10094707 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (chemobrain) and muscle wasting (cachexia) are persisting side effects which adversely affect the quality of life of cancer survivors. We therefore investigated the efficacy of physical exercise as a non-pharmacological intervention to reverse the adverse effects of chemotherapy. We examined whether physical exercise in terms of voluntary wheel running could prevent chemotherapy-induced cognitive and motor impairments in mice treated with the multi-kinase inhibitor sorafenib. Adult male BALB/c mice were subdivided into runner and non-runner groups and orally administered with sorafenib (60 mg/kg) or vehicle continuously for four weeks. Mice could freely access the running wheel anytime during sorafenib or vehicle treatment. We found that sorafenib treatment reduced body weight gain (% of change, vehicle: 3.28 ± 3.29, sorafenib: -9.24 ± 1.52, p = 0.0004), impaired hippocampal-dependent spatial memory in the Y maze (exploration index, vehicle: 35.57 ± 11.38%, sorafenib: -29.62 ± 7.90%, p < 0.0001), increased anhedonia-like behaviour in the sucrose preference test (sucrose preference, vehicle: 66.57 ± 3.52%, sorafenib: 44.54 ± 4.25%, p = 0.0005) and impaired motor skill acquisition in rotarod test (latency to fall on day 1: 37.87 ± 8.05 and day 2: 37.22 ± 12.26 s, p > 0.05) but did not induce muscle wasting or reduce grip strength. Concomitant voluntary running reduced anhedonia-like behaviour (sucrose preference, sedentary: 44.54 ± 4.25%, runners: 59.33 ± 4.02%, p = 0.0357), restored impairment in motor skill acquisition (latency to fall on day 1: 50.85 ± 15.45 and day 2: 168.50 ± 37.08 s, p = 0.0004), but failed to rescue spatial memory deficit. Immunostaining results revealed that sorafenib treatment did not affect the number of proliferating cells and immature neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), whereas running significantly increased cell proliferation in both vehicle- (total Ki-67+ cells, sedentary: 16,687.34 ± 72.63, exercise: 3320.03 ± 182.57, p < 0.0001) and sorafenib-treated mice (Ki-67+ cells in the ventral DG, sedentary: 688.82.34 ± 38.16, exercise: 979.53 ± 73.88, p < 0.0400). Our results suggest that spatial memory impairment and anhedonia-like behaviour precede the presence of muscle wasting, and these behavioural deficits are independent of the changes in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Running effectively prevents body weight loss, improves motor skill acquisition and reduces anhedonia-like behaviour associated with increased proliferating cells and immature neurons in DG. Taken together, they support physical exercise rehabilitation as an effective strategy to prevent chemotherapy side effects in terms of mood dysregulation and motor deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H. Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong; (T.H.L.); (M.D.); (D.A.F.); (J.M.R.)
| | - Malegaddi Devaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong; (T.H.L.); (M.D.); (D.A.F.); (J.M.R.)
- Mental Health Research Center (MHRC), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
- Research Institute for Smart Aging (RISA), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Douglas A. Formolo
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong; (T.H.L.); (M.D.); (D.A.F.); (J.M.R.)
- Mental Health Research Center (MHRC), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
- Research Institute for Smart Aging (RISA), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Julia M. Rosa
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong; (T.H.L.); (M.D.); (D.A.F.); (J.M.R.)
- Mental Health Research Center (MHRC), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
- Research Institute for Smart Aging (RISA), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Andy S. K. Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong; (T.H.L.); (M.D.); (D.A.F.); (J.M.R.)
| | - Suk-Yu Yau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong; (T.H.L.); (M.D.); (D.A.F.); (J.M.R.)
- Mental Health Research Center (MHRC), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
- Research Institute for Smart Aging (RISA), Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
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Onzi GR, D'Agustini N, Garcia SC, Guterres SS, Pohlmann PR, Rosa DD, Pohlmann AR. Chemobrain in Breast Cancer: Mechanisms, Clinical Manifestations, and Potential Interventions. Drug Saf 2022; 45:601-621. [PMID: 35606623 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-022-01182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Among the potential adverse effects of breast cancer treatment, chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) has gained increased attention in the past years. In this review, we provide an overview of the literature regarding CRCI in breast cancer, focusing on three main aspects. The first aspect relates to the molecular mechanisms linking individual drugs commonly used to treat breast cancer and CRCI, which include oxidative stress and inflammation, reduced neurogenesis, reduced levels of specific neurotransmitters, alterations in neuronal dendrites and spines, and impairment in myelin production. The second aspect is related to the clinical characteristics of CRCI in patients with breast cancer treated with different drug combinations. Data suggest the incidence rates of CRCI in breast cancer vary considerably, and may affect more than 50% of treated patients. Both chemotherapy regimens with or without anthracyclines have been associated with CRCI manifestations. While cross-sectional studies suggest the presence of symptoms up to 20 years after treatment, longitudinal studies confirm cognitive impairments lasting for at most 4 years after the end of chemotherapy. The third and final aspect is related to possible therapeutic interventions. Although there is still no standard of care to treat CRCI, several pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches have shown interesting results. In summary, even if cognitive impairments derived from chemotherapy resolve with time, awareness of CRCI is crucial to provide patients with a better understanding of the syndrome and to offer them the best care directed at improving quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana R Onzi
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil.
| | - Nathalia D'Agustini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia da Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Solange C Garcia
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Silvia S Guterres
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Paula R Pohlmann
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniela D Rosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia da Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Serviço de Oncologia, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana R Pohlmann
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil.
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Was H, Borkowska A, Bagues A, Tu L, Liu JYH, Lu Z, Rudd JA, Nurgali K, Abalo R. Mechanisms of Chemotherapy-Induced Neurotoxicity. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:750507. [PMID: 35418856 PMCID: PMC8996259 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.750507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first clinical trials conducted after World War II, chemotherapeutic drugs have been extensively used in the clinic as the main cancer treatment either alone or as an adjuvant therapy before and after surgery. Although the use of chemotherapeutic drugs improved the survival of cancer patients, these drugs are notorious for causing many severe side effects that significantly reduce the efficacy of anti-cancer treatment and patients’ quality of life. Many widely used chemotherapy drugs including platinum-based agents, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, proteasome inhibitors, and thalidomide analogs may cause direct and indirect neurotoxicity. In this review we discuss the main effects of chemotherapy on the peripheral and central nervous systems, including neuropathic pain, chemobrain, enteric neuropathy, as well as nausea and emesis. Understanding mechanisms involved in chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is crucial for the development of drugs that can protect the nervous system, reduce symptoms experienced by millions of patients, and improve the outcome of the treatment and patients’ quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Was
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Borkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ana Bagues
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.,High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM-URJC), URJC, Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Longlong Tu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Julia Y H Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zengbing Lu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - John A Rudd
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.,The Laboratory Animal Services Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine Western Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón, Spain.,Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), URJC, Alcorcón, Spain.,Grupo de Trabajo de Ciencias Básicas en Dolor y Analgesia de la Sociedad Española del Dolor, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Kiesl D, Kuzdas-Sallaberger M, Fuchs D, Brunner S, Kommenda R, Tischler C, Hornich H, Akbari K, Kellermair J, Blessberger H, Ocenasek H, Hofmann P, Zimmer P, Vosko MR. Protocol for the Exercise, Cancer and Cognition - The ECCO-Study: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Simultaneous Exercise During Neo-/Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients and Its Effects on Neurocognition. Front Neurol 2022; 13:777808. [PMID: 35401389 PMCID: PMC8990905 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.777808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Epidemiological studies show that increased physical activity is linked to a lower risk of breast cancer and mortality. As a result, physical activity can significantly improve patients' quality of life (QOL) both during and after therapy.Many breast cancer patients demonstrate a decrease in cognitive capacity, referred to as the symptom-complex cancer related cognitive impairment (CRCI). Most frequently reported impairments are mild to moderate deficits in processing speed, attention, memory, and executive functions. Cognitive symptoms persist for months or even years, following medical treatment in roughly 35% of afflicted people, impairing everyday functioning, limiting the ability to return to work, and lowering the overall QOL. Recent studies point toward a key role of inflammatory pathways in the CRCI genesis. Attention to physical activity as a potential supportive care option is therefore increasing. However, evidence for the positive effects of exercise on preventing CRCI is still lacking. Patients and Methods Against this background, the prospective, two-arm, 1:1 randomized, controlled trial investigates the influence of first line chemotherapy accompanied by exercise training on preventing CRCI in 126 patients with breast cancer at the local University Hospital. The study will evaluate biomarkers and secondary assessments suspected to be involved in the pathogenesis of CRCI in addition to objective (primary outcome) and subjective cognitive function. CRCI is believed to be connected to either functional and/or morphological hippocampal damage due to chemotherapy. Thus, cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and hippocampal volume measurements are performed. Furthermore, a specific neuropsychological test battery for breast cancer patients has been developed to detect early signs of cognitive impairments in patients and to be integrated into practice. Discussion This study will explore how a long-term supervised exercise intervention program might prevent CRCI, enables optimization of supportive care and objectifies limits of psychological and physical resilience in breast cancer patients during and after chemotherapy treatment. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov: Identifier: NCT04789187. Registered on 09 March 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kiesl
- Department for Internal Medicine III, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | | | - David Fuchs
- Department for Palliative Care, Ordensklinikum Linz, Sisters of Mercy Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Silvana Brunner
- Department for Clinical Psychology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Romana Kommenda
- Department for Clinical Psychology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Clemens Tischler
- Department for Clinical Psychology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Kaveh Akbari
- Central Radiology Institute, Kepler University Hospital, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - Jörg Kellermair
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty of the Johannes Kepler University, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Hermann Blessberger
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty of the Johannes Kepler University, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Peter Hofmann
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport & Health, Exercise Physiology, Training & Training Therapy Research Group, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Philipp Zimmer
- Divison of Performance and Health (Sports Medicine), Institute for Sport and Sport Science, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Milan R Vosko
- Department of Neurology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
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Bagues A, López-Tofiño Y, Llorente-Berzal Á, Abalo R. Cannabinoid drugs against chemotherapy-induced adverse effects: focus on nausea/vomiting, peripheral neuropathy and chemofog in animal models. Behav Pharmacol 2022; 33:105-129. [PMID: 35045012 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although new drugs are being developed for cancer treatment, classical chemotherapeutic agents are still front-line therapies, despite their frequent association with severe side effects that can hamper their use. Cannabinoids may prevent or palliate some of these side effects. The aim of the present study is to review the basic research which has been conducted evaluating the effects of cannabinoid drugs in the treatment of three important side effects induced by classical chemotherapeutic agents: nausea and vomiting, neuropathic pain and cognitive impairment. Several published studies have demonstrated that cannabinoids are useful in preventing and reducing the nausea, vomits and neuropathy induced by different chemotherapy regimens, though other side effects can occur, such as a reduction of gastrointestinal motility, along with psychotropic effects when using centrally-acting cannabinoids. Thus, peripherally-acting cannabinoids and new pharmacological options are being investigated, such as allosteric or biased agonists. Additionally, due to the increase in the survival of cancer patients, there are emerging data that demonstrate an important cognitive deterioration due to chemotherapy, and because the cannabinoid drugs have a neuroprotective effect, they could be useful in preventing chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (as demonstrated through studies in other neurological disorders), but this has not yet been tested. Thus, although cannabinoids seem a promising therapeutic approach in the treatment of different side effects induced by chemotherapeutic agents, future research will be necessary to find pharmacological options with a safer profile. Moreover, a new line of research awaits to be opened to elucidate their possible usefulness in preventing cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bagues
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón
- High Performance Research Group in Experimental Pharmacology (PHARMAKOM-URJC)
- Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda López-Tofiño
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System NeuGut-URJC
| | - Álvaro Llorente-Berzal
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland
- Centre for Pain Research and Galway Neuroscience Centre, NCBES, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Raquel Abalo
- Área de Farmacología y Nutrición, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Alcorcón
- Unidad Asociada I+D+i del Instituto de Química Médica (IQM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System NeuGut-URJC
- Grupo de Trabajo de Ciencias Básicas en Dolor y Analgesia de la Sociedad Española del Dolor, Madrid, Spain
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8
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Neuroprotective effect of Mulmina Mango against chemotherapy-induced cognitive decline in mouse model of mammary carcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3072. [PMID: 35197512 PMCID: PMC8866531 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06862-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The post-treatment status of breast cancer survivors has become a concern because of the toxicity induced by chemotherapeutic agents in the brain tissues resulting in cognitive deficits, which is generally referred as chemobrain. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a proprietary ayurvedic formulation Mulmina Mango against chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI). Mammary carcinoma was induced by subcutaneously inoculating 4T1 cells into the mammary fat pad of the animals. Intraperitoneal administration of Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, 5-Fluorouracil (CMF) regimen was carried out once a week for three weeks. Treatment of Mulmina began one week before chemotherapy and continued till the end of the chemotherapy cycle. After three cycles of chemotherapy, cognitive decline was assessed by Morris water maze task followed by assessment of locomotor activity by open-field test. Tumor progression was evaluated by measurement of tumor volume. Oxidative and neuroinflammatory markers were also evaluated from the isolated brain samples. CMF treatment resulted in a considerable reduction in tumour volume. We found chemotherapy negatively affected behavioral and biochemical parameters in animals and Mulmina treatment ameliorated these cognitive impairments by restoring antioxidant and maintaining cytokine levels. The combination of phytochemicals in Mulmina proved its possible ability to alleviate CICI without affecting chemotherapeutic efficiency and could pave the way for identifying treatment strategies to combat chemobrain.
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9
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Bajic JE, Howarth GS, Mashtoub S, Whittaker AL, Bobrovskaya L, Hutchinson MR. Neuroimmunological complications arising from chemotherapy-induced gut toxicity and opioid exposure in female dark agouti rats. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:237-250. [PMID: 34510524 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer patients may experience symptom clusters, including chemotherapy-induced (CI) gut toxicity (CIGT) and cognitive impairment. Analgesic selection for pain associated with CIGT is difficult as opioids induce glial reactivity and unwanted side effects. This study quantified central glial reactivity and proinflammatory effects in rats with CIGT using three mechanistically different analgesics. Regional adaptations were indicative of immune-to-brain signaling routes. Utilizing a 5-fluorouracil-induced GT (5IGT) rat model and analgesic intervention (carprofen (CAR), buprenorphine (BUP), and tramadol (TRAM)), spinal and brain neuroimmune modulation was examined via microglial, astrocyte, and proinflammatory (cluster of differentiation molecule 11b; CD11b, glial fibrillary associated protein; GFAP, and interleukin-1 beta; IL1β) reactivity marker expression changes by western blot analysis. 5IGT significantly increased thoracic GFAP (p < 0.05) and IL-1β (p < 0.0001) expression, CAR and BUP ameliorated these effects. BUP and TRAM with 5-FU synergistically increased hippocampal GFAP expression. CAR administered with 5IGT significantly elevated hippocampal and thoracic CD11b expression levels (p < 0.05). The neuroimmune responses observed in this study suggest activation of peripheral-to-central immune signaling pathways. We speculate that the opioid-induced hippocampal changes inferred a humorally mediated mechanism, whereas thoracic neuroimmune modifications indicated activation of an indirect neural route. Although TRAM ameliorated 5IGT-intestinal inflammation, this opioid presents complications relating to bodyweight and regional glial dysregulation (neuroinflammation) and may not be optimal in the management of pain associated with 5IGT. The chemotherapy-induced gut-derived neuroimmune consequences observed suggest a potential mechanistic contribution to central components of the cancer symptom cluster experience, while the opioid-related glial changes have implications for optimal pain management in this setting warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Esma Bajic
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Gordon Stanley Howarth
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA, Australia
- Gastroenterology Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Suzanne Mashtoub
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Gastroenterology Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | | | - Larisa Bobrovskaya
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mark Rowland Hutchinson
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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10
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Groves T, Corley C, Byrum SD, Allen AR. The Effects of 5-Fluorouracil/Leucovorin Chemotherapy on Cognitive Function in Male Mice. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:762116. [PMID: 34778377 PMCID: PMC8581634 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.762116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) and leucovorin (LV) are often given in combination to treat colorectal cancer. 5-Fu/LV prevents cell proliferation by inhibiting thymidylate synthase, which catalyzes the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate to deoxythymidine monophosphate. While 5-Fu has been shown to cause cognitive impairment, the synergistic effect of 5-Fu with LV has not been fully explored. The present investigation was designed to assess how the combination of 5-Fu and LV affect cognition in a murine model. Six-month-old male mice were used in this study; 15 mice received saline injections and 15 mice received 5-Fu/LV injections. One month after treatment, the elevated plus maze, Y-maze, and Morris water maze behavioral tasks were performed. Brains were then extracted, cryosectioned, and stained for CD68 to assay microglial activation and with tomato lectin to assay the vasculature. All animals were able to locate the visible and hidden platform locations in the water maze. However, a significant impairment in spatial memory retention was observed in the probe trial after the first day of hidden-platform training (first probe trial) in animals that received 5-Fu/LV, but these animals showed spatial memory retention by day 5. There were no significant increases in inflammation as measured by CD68, but 5-Fu/LV treatment did modulate blood vessel morphology. Tandem mass tag proteomics analysis identified 6,049 proteins, 7 of which were differentially expressed with a p-value of <0.05 and a fold change of >1.5. The present data demonstrate that 5-Fu/LV increases anxiety and significantly impairs spatial memory retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Groves
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.,Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Christa Corley
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Stephanie D Byrum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.,Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Antiño R Allen
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.,Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
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11
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Wurz A, Ayson G, Smith AM, Brunet J. A proof-of-concept sub-study exploring feasibility and preliminary evidence for the role of physical activity on neural activity during executive functioning tasks among young adults after cancer treatment. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:300. [PMID: 34344355 PMCID: PMC8336393 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02280-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Executive functioning (EF) deficits are troubling for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) after cancer treatment. Physical activity (PA) may enhance neural activity underlying EF among older adults affected by cancer. Establishing whether PA enhances neural activity among AYAs is warranted. As part of a two-arm, mixed-methods pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT), this proof-of-concept sub-study sought to answer the following questions: (1) is it feasible to use neuroimaging with EF tasks to assess neural activity changes following a 12-week PA intervention? And (2) is there preliminary evidence that a 12-week PA intervention enhances neural activity among AYAs after cancer treatment? Methods AYAs in the pilot RCT were approached for enrollment into this sub-study. Those who were eligible and enrolled, completed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with EF tasks (letter n-back, Go/No Go) pre- and post-PA intervention. Sub-study enrollment, adherence to scheduled fMRI scans, outliers, missing data, and EF task performance data were collected. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) analyses, and paired sample t-tests. Results Nine eligible participants enrolled into this sub-study; six attended scheduled fMRI scans. One outlier was identified and was subsequently removed from the analytical sample. Participants showed no differences in EF task performance from pre- to post-PA intervention. Increases in neural activity in brain regions responsible for motor control, information encoding and processing, and decision-making were observed post-PA intervention (p < 0.05; n = 5). Conclusions Findings show that fMRI scans during EF tasks detected neural activity changes (as assessed by the BOLD signal) from pre- to post-PA intervention. Results thus suggest future trials confirming that PA enhances neural activity underlying EF are needed, though feasibility issues require careful consideration to ensure trial success. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03016728. Registered January 11, 2017, clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03016728. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12883-021-02280-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Wurz
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Montpetit Hall, Room 339, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Present affiliation: Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Alberta, Calgary, Canada
| | - Gladys Ayson
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andra M Smith
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Brunet
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Montpetit Hall, Room 339, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,Cancer Therapeutic Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. .,Institut du savoir Montfort, Hôpital Montfort, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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12
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Lees JG, Abdulla M, Barkl-Luke ME, Livni L, Keating BA, Hayes J, Fiore NT, Park SB, Moalem-Taylor G, Goldstein D. Effect of exercise on neuromuscular toxicity in oxaliplatin-treated mice. Muscle Nerve 2021; 64:225-234. [PMID: 34036599 DOI: 10.1002/mus.27329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS Clinically, the chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin can cause peripheral neuropathy, impaired balance, and muscle wastage. Using a preclinical model, we investigated whether exercise intervention could improve these adverse conditions. METHODS Mice were chronically treated with oxaliplatin alone or in conjunction with exercise. Behavioral studies, including mechanical allodynia, rotarod, open-field, and grip-strength tests, were performed. After euthanasia, multiple organs and four different muscle types were dissected and weighed. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of muscle fibers in the gastrocnemius muscle was assessed and gene expression analysis performed on the forelimb triceps muscle. RESULTS Oxaliplatin-treated mice displayed reduced weight gain, mechanical allodynia, and exploratory behavior deficits that were not significantly improved by exercise. Oxaliplatin-treated exercised mice showed modest evidence of reduced muscle wastage compared with mice treated with oxaliplatin alone, and exercised mice demonstrated evidence of a mild increase in CSA of muscle fibers. DISCUSSION Exercise intervention did not improve signs of peripheral neuropathy but moderately reduced the negative impact of oxaliplatin chemotherapy related to muscle morphology, suggesting the potential for exploring the impact of exercise on reducing oxaliplatin-induced neuromuscular toxicity in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin G Lees
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Munawwar Abdulla
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mallory E Barkl-Luke
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lital Livni
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brooke A Keating
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica Hayes
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nathan T Fiore
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Susanna B Park
- Brain and Mind Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gila Moalem-Taylor
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David Goldstein
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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13
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Amiri A, Chovanec M, Oliva V, Sedliak M, Mego M, Ukropec J, Ukropcová B. Chemotherapy-induced toxicity in patients with testicular germ cell tumors: The impact of physical fitness and regular exercise. Andrology 2021; 9:1879-1892. [PMID: 34245663 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) represent ∼95% of testicular malignancies and are the most common type of malignancy in young male adults. While the incidence of TGCTs has increased during the last decades, the advances in treatment, namely introducing cisplatin into the chemotherapy regimen, have made TGCTs highly curable with the 10-year survival rate exceeding 95%. However, in parallel with increased cure rates, survivors may experience acute and late adverse effects of treatment, which increase morbidity, reduce the quality of life, and can be potentially life-threatening. Chemotherapy-related toxicities include cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, secondary cancer, avascular necrosis, cognitive impairment, cancer-related fatigue, poor mental health-related quality of life, nephrotoxicity, hypogonadism, neurotoxicity, pulmonary toxicity, anxiety, and depression. These treatment-related adverse effects have emerged as important survivorship dilemmas in TGCT cancer survivors. Recently, regular physical exercise has increasingly attracted research and clinical attention as an adjunct therapy for cancer patients. PURPOSE Herein, we review the most common chemotherapy-related adverse effects in TGCT survivors and clinical relevance of exercise and increased cardio-respiratory fitness in modulating chemotherapy-related toxicity and quality of life in this population. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Exercise has positive effects on a spectrum of physical and psychosocial outcomes during and after cancer treatment, and current guidelines on exercise prescription in chronic diseases define the recommended dose (volume and intensity) of regular exercise for cancer survivors, highlighting regular, sufficiently intensive physical activity as an essential part of patients' care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Amiri
- Department of Metabolic Disease Research & Center of Physical Activity Research, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Chovanec
- 2nd, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Viktor Oliva
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Milan Sedliak
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Mego
- 2nd, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Department of Metabolic Disease Research & Center of Physical Activity Research, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Ukropcová
- Department of Metabolic Disease Research & Center of Physical Activity Research, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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14
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Grant C, Loman B, Bailey M, Pyter L. Manipulations of the gut microbiome alter chemotherapy-induced inflammation and behavioral side effects in female mice. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 95:401-412. [PMID: 33895287 PMCID: PMC8461613 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy treatment is associated with acute behavioral side effects (fatigue, anorexia) that significantly reduce patient quality of life and are dose-limiting, thereby increasing mortality (Kidwell et al., 2014). Disruptions to gut homeostasis (diarrhea, constipation, microbial dysbiosis) are also observed in patients receiving chemotherapy. In non-oncological patients, facets of mental health (fatigue, anxiety, depression) correlate with alterations in the gut microbiome, suggestive of a contribution of the gut in CNS disease etiology. The potential gut-to-brain pathway is poorly understood in patients receiving chemotherapy. Our prior studies have demonstrated a correlation between chemotherapy treatment, gut changes, peripheral and central inflammation, and behavioral symptoms in mice. Here we aimed to determine the extent to which chemotherapy-associated gut manipulations modulate the behavioral and biological consequences of chemotherapy. We measured sickness behaviors, peripheral and central inflammatory mediators, and anxiety in conventional or germ-free female mice: 1) cohabitating with mice of the opposite treatment group, 2) pre-treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics, or 3) given an intra-gastric gavage of gut content from chemotherapy-treated mice. In cohabitation studies, presumed coprophagia promoted body mass recovery, however strong associations with inflammation and behavior were not observed. Reduction of gut microbial alpha diversity via antibiotics did not prevent chemotherapy-associated side effects, however the relative abundances of the genera Tyzzerella, Romboutsia, and Turicibacter correlated with circulating inflammatory (IL-1β) and behavioral outcomes (lethargy, anxiety-like behavior). A gut microbiota transplant from chemotherapy-treated mice decreased central locomotion in open field testing, increased circulating CXCL1, and increased hippocampal Il6 and Tnfa in germ-free mice compared to germ-free mice that received a transplant from vehicle-treated mice. Taken together, these data provide further evidence that the gut microbiota likely contributes to the development of chemotherapy-associated side effects. This work has significant implications in the future treatment of anxiety in patients, and warrants future studies using microbe-based treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- C.V. Grant
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - B.R. Loman
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - M.T. Bailey
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - L.M. Pyter
- Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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15
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Anderson JE, Trujillo M, McElroy T, Groves T, Alexander T, Kiffer F, Allen AR. Early Effects of Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, and 5-Fluorouracil on Neuronal Morphology and Hippocampal-Dependent Behavior in a Murine Model. Toxicol Sci 2021; 173:156-170. [PMID: 31651976 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women. Fortunately, BC survival rates have increased because the implementation of adjuvant chemotherapy leading to a growing population of survivors. However, chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments (CICIs) affect up to 75% of BC survivors and may be driven by inflammation and oxidative stress. Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments can persist 20 years and hinder survivors' quality of life. To identify early effects of CMF administration in mice, we chose to evaluate adult female mice at 2-week postchemotherapy. Mice received weekly IP administration of CMF (or saline) for 4 weeks, completed behavioral testing, and were sacrificed 2 weeks following their final CMF injection. Behavioral results indicated long-term memory (LTM) impairments postchemotherapy, but did not reveal short-term memory deficits. Dendritic morphology and spine data found increases in overall spine density within CA1 basal and CA3 basal dendrites, but no changes in DG, CA1 apical, or CA3 apical dendrites. Further analysis revealed decreases in arborization across the hippocampus (DG, CA1 apical and basal, CA3 apical and basal). These physiological changes within the hippocampus correlate with our behavioral data indicating LTM impairments following CMF administration in female mice 2-week postchemotherapy. Hippocampal cytokine analysis identified decreases in IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-3, IL-10, and TNF-α levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie E Anderson
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Madison Trujillo
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Taylor McElroy
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Thomas Groves
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205.,Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Tyler Alexander
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Frederico Kiffer
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Antiño R Allen
- Division of Radiation Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205.,Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
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16
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Branca JJV, Carrino D, Gulisano M, Ghelardini C, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Pacini A. Oxaliplatin-Induced Neuropathy: Genetic and Epigenetic Profile to Better Understand How to Ameliorate This Side Effect. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:643824. [PMID: 34026827 PMCID: PMC8138476 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.643824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the most recent decades, oxaliplatin has been used as a chemotherapeutic agent for colorectal cancer and other malignancies as well. Oxaliplatin interferes with tumor growth predominantly exerting its action in DNA synthesis inhibition by the formation of DNA-platinum adducts that, in turn, leads to cancer cell death. On the other hand, unfortunately, this interaction leads to a plethora of systemic side effects, including those affecting the peripheral and central nervous system. Oxaliplatin therapy has been associated with acute and chronic neuropathic pain that induces physicians to reduce the dose of medication or discontinue treatment. Recently, the capability of oxaliplatin to alter the genetic and epigenetic profiles of the nervous cells has been documented, and the understanding of gene expression and transcriptional changes may help to find new putative treatments for neuropathy. The present article is aimed to review the effects of oxaliplatin on genetic and epigenetic mechanisms to better understand how to ameliorate neuropathic pain in order to enhance the anti-cancer potential and improve patients’ quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Junio Valerio Branca
- Histology and Anatomy Section, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Donatello Carrino
- Histology and Anatomy Section, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Massimo Gulisano
- Histology and Anatomy Section, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pacini
- Histology and Anatomy Section, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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17
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Melatonin Protects against the Side-Effects of 5-Fluorouracil on Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Ameliorates Antioxidant Activity in an Adult Rat Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040615. [PMID: 33923672 PMCID: PMC8074234 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is an endogenous hormone that exhibits antioxidant functions and neuroprotective effects. The hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) play an important role linked to working memory. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) can induce oxidative stress and reduce neurogenesis in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus in a rat hippocampus and these alterations are related to working memory deficits. This study aimed to determine the effect of melatonin on 5-FU-induced oxidative stress that interferes with the antioxidant enzymes and protein expression levels in a rat hippocampus and PFC. A total of 68 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: vehicle, 5-FU, melatonin and melatonin+5-FU groups. Rats were administered 5-FU (25 mg/kg, i.v.) on days 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21 and received melatonin (8 mg/kg, i.p.) at 19:00 from day 1 to day 21 of the experiment. Lipid peroxidation was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Antioxidant enzyme levels including glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined. p21 immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting were used to detect the cell cycle arrest and protein expression of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), doublecortin (DCX) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), respectively. The results showed that melatonin reduced the number of p21-positive cells in the SGZ of the dentate gyrus and increased Nrf2, DCX and BDNF protein expression in rats treated with 5-FU. Moreover, melatonin restored antioxidant enzyme levels and reduced oxidative stress in the hippocampus and PFC caused by 5-FU. These findings reveal a mechanism of the neuroprotective properties of melatonin against 5-FU in a rat hippocampus and PFC.
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18
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Hwang SY, Kim K, Ha B, Lee D, Kim S, Ryu S, Yang J, Jung SJ. Neurocognitive Effects of Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis of 11 Studies. Cancer Res Treat 2021; 53:1134-1147. [PMID: 33735557 PMCID: PMC8524021 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2020.1191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a controversial concept not much explored on colorectal cancer patients. Materials and Methods We identified 11 prospective studies: eight studies on 696 colorectal cancer patients who received chemotherapy and three studies on 346 rectal cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) of neuropsychological test results and the cognitive quality-of-life scale were calculated using random effect models. A meta-regression was conducted to investigate the association between mean study population age and effect sizes. Results The association between chemotherapy and cognitive impairment was not clear in colorectal cancer patients (SMD, 0.003; 95% confidence interval, −0.080 to 0.086). However, a meta-regression showed that older patients are more vulnerable to CRCI than younger patients (β=–0.016, p < 0.001). Conclusion Chemotherapy has an overall positive negligible effect size on the cognitive function of colorectal patients. Age is a significant moderator of CRCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kwanghyun Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Dongkyu Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonung Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seongjun Ryu
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jisu Yang
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Jae Jung
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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19
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John J, Kinra M, Mudgal J, Viswanatha GL, Nandakumar K. Animal models of chemotherapy-induced cognitive decline in preclinical drug development. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:3025-3053. [PMID: 34643772 PMCID: PMC8605973 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05977-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI), chemobrain, and chemofog are the common terms for mental dysfunction in a cancer patient/survivor under the influence of chemotherapeutics. CICI is manifested as short/long term memory problems and delayed mental processing, which interferes with a person's day-to-day activities. Understanding CICI mechanisms help in developing therapeutic interventions that may alleviate the disease condition. Animal models facilitate critical evaluation to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and form an integral part of verifying different treatment hypotheses and strategies. OBJECTIVES A methodical evaluation of scientific literature is required to understand cognitive changes associated with the use of chemotherapeutic agents in different preclinical studies. This review mainly emphasizes animal models developed with various chemotherapeutic agents individually and in combination, with their proposed mechanisms contributing to the cognitive dysfunction. This review also points toward the analysis of chemobrain in healthy animals to understand the mechanism of interventions in absence of tumor and in tumor-bearing animals to mimic human cancer conditions to screen potential drug candidates against chemobrain. RESULTS Substantial memory deficit as a result of commonly used chemotherapeutic agents was evidenced in healthy and tumor-bearing animals. Spatial and episodic cognitive impairments, alterations in neurotrophins, oxidative and inflammatory markers, and changes in long-term potentiation were commonly observed changes in different animal models irrespective of the chemotherapeutic agent. CONCLUSION Dyscognition exists as one of the serious side effects of cancer chemotherapy. Due to differing mechanisms of chemotherapeutic agents with differing tendencies to alter behavioral and biochemical parameters, chemotherapy may present a significant risk in resulting memory impairments in healthy as well as tumor-bearing animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeena John
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India 576104
| | - Manas Kinra
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India 576104
| | - Jayesh Mudgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India 576104
| | - G. L. Viswanatha
- Independent Researcher, Kengeri, Bangalore, Karnataka India 560060
| | - K. Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka India 576104
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20
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Mounier NM, Abdel-Maged AES, Wahdan SA, Gad AM, Azab SS. Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI): An overview of etiology and pathogenesis. Life Sci 2020. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Brunet J, Barrett-Bernstein M, Zadravec K, Taljaard M, LeVasseur N, Srikanthan A, Bland KA, Collins B, Kam JWY, Handy TC, Hayden S, Simmons C, Smith AM, Virji-Babul N, Campbell KL. Study protocol of the Aerobic exercise and CogniTIVe functioning in women with breAsT cancEr (ACTIVATE) trial: a two-arm, two-centre randomized controlled trial. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:711. [PMID: 32736542 PMCID: PMC7393840 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 75% of women diagnosed with breast cancer report chemotherapy-related cognitive changes (CRCC) during treatment, including decreased memory, attention, and processing speed. Though CRCC negatively impacts everyday functioning and reduces overall quality of life in women diagnosed with breast cancer, effective interventions to prevent and/or manage CRCC are elusive. Consequently, women seldom receive advice on how to prevent or manage CRCC. Aerobic exercise is associated with improved cognitive functioning in healthy older adults and adults with cognitive impairments. Accordingly, it holds promise as an intervention to prevent and/or manage CRCC. However, evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) supporting a beneficial effect of aerobic exercise on CRCC is limited. The primary aim of the ACTIVATE trial is to evaluate the impact of supervised aerobic exercise on CRCC in women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer. METHODS The ACTIVATE trial is a two-arm, two-centre RCT. Women diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer and awaiting neo-adjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy are recruited from hospitals in Ottawa (Ontario) and Vancouver (British Columbia), Canada. Recruits are randomized to the intervention group (aerobic exercise during chemotherapy) or the wait-list control group (usual care during chemotherapy and aerobic exercise post-chemotherapy). The primary outcome is cognitive functioning as measured by a composite cognitive summary score (COGSUM) of several neuropsychological tests. Secondary outcomes are self-reported cognitive functioning, quality of life, and brain structure and functioning (measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/functional MRI and electroencephalography). Assessments take place pre-chemotherapy (pre-intervention), mid-way through chemotherapy (mid-intervention/mid-wait period), end of chemotherapy (post-intervention/post-wait period; primary endpoint), 16-weeks post-chemotherapy, and at 1-year post-baseline. DISCUSSION Aerobic exercise is a promising intervention for preventing and/or managing CRCC and enhancing quality of life among women diagnosed with breast cancer. The ACTIVATE trial tests several novel hypotheses, including that aerobic exercise can prevent and/or mitigate CRCC and that this effect is mediated by the timing of intervention delivery (i.e., during versus post-chemotherapy). Findings may support prescribing exercise during (or post-) chemotherapy for breast cancer and elucidate the potential role of aerobic exercise as a management strategy for CRCC in women with early-stage breast cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov database ( NCT03277898 ) on September 11, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Brunet
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Montpetit Hall, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Meagan Barrett-Bernstein
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 125 University Private, Montpetit Hall, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Kendra Zadravec
- Rehabiliation Sciences Graduate Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, T114-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z7, Canada
| | - Monica Taljaard
- The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Nathalie LeVasseur
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Amirrtha Srikanthan
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Kelcey A Bland
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Barbara Collins
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Vanier Hall, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Julia W Y Kam
- Department of Psychology & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 2500 Campus Drive, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Todd C Handy
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 3406-2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Sherri Hayden
- Division of Neurology/Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, P213-2211 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Christine Simmons
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Andra M Smith
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Vanier Hall, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Naznin Virji-Babul
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2215 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kristin L Campbell
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2215 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI): An overview of etiology and pathogenesis. Life Sci 2020; 258:118071. [PMID: 32673664 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Many cancer patients treated with chemotherapy develop chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI), often referred to as chemo-brain, which manifest during or post-treatment with variable degrees, onset and duration thereby affecting the patients' quality of life. Several chemotherapeutic agents have been studied to determine its possible association with cognitive impairment and to fully comprehend their contribution to CICI. A vast number of studies have emerged proposing several candidate underlying mechanisms and etiologies contributing to CICI such as direct neurotoxicity, BBB disruption, decreased hippocampal neurogenesis, white matter abnormalities, secondary neuro-inflammatory response and increased oxidative stress; however, the exact underlying mechanisms are still not well defined. This review summarizes CICI associated with most commonly used chemotherapeutic agents with emphasizes the possible underlying pathogenesis in both animal and clinical studies.
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23
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Nguyen LD, Ehrlich BE. Cellular mechanisms and treatments for chemobrain: insight from aging and neurodegenerative diseases. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e12075. [PMID: 32346964 PMCID: PMC7278555 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202012075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a life-saving treatment for cancer patients, but also causes long-term cognitive impairment, or "chemobrain", in survivors. However, several challenges, including imprecise diagnosis criteria, multiple confounding factors, and unclear and heterogeneous molecular mechanisms, impede effective investigation of preventions and treatments for chemobrain. With the rapid increase in the number of cancer survivors, chemobrain is an urgent but unmet clinical need. Here, we leverage the extensive knowledge in various fields of neuroscience to gain insights into the mechanisms for chemobrain. We start by outlining why the post-mitotic adult brain is particularly vulnerable to chemotherapy. Next, through drawing comparisons with normal aging, Alzheimer's disease, and traumatic brain injury, we identify universal cellular mechanisms that may underlie the cognitive deficits in chemobrain. We further identify existing neurological drugs targeting these cellular mechanisms that can be repurposed as treatments for chemobrain, some of which were already shown to be effective in animal models. Finally, we briefly describe future steps to further advance our understanding of chemobrain and facilitate the development of effective preventions and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Interdepartmental Neuroscience ProgramYale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Pharmacology and Interdepartmental Neuroscience ProgramYale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA
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24
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Abstract
Increased life expectancy in brain tumour patients had led to the need for strategies that preserve and improve cognitive functioning, as many patients suffer from cognitive deficits. The tumour itself, as well as antitumor treatment including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, supportive treatment and individual patient factors are associated with cognitive problems. Here, we review the recent literature on approaches that preserve and improve cognitive functioning, including pharmacological agents and rehabilitation programs.
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25
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Melatonin attenuates 5-fluorouracil-induced spatial memory and hippocampal neurogenesis impairment in adult rats. Life Sci 2020; 248:117468. [PMID: 32105705 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) can cause impairment to adult hippocampal neurogenesis, resulting in cognitive deficits. As melatonin has been shown to enhance memory and hippocampal neurogenesis in animal models, this research investigated the neuroprotective effects of melatonin against spatial memory and hippocampal neurogenesis impairment in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four-Five weeks old male Spraque-Dawley rats weighing between 180 and 200 g were used. Animals were maintained under standard laboratory conditions with 25 °C and 12 h light/dark cycle. Animal were administered intravenous (i.v.) injections of 5-FU (25 mg/kg) 5 times every 3 days starting on day 9 of the experiment. The rats were divided into preventive, recovery, and throughout groups and co-treated with melatonin (8 mg/kg, i.p.) once daily (at 7.00 pm) for 21 days prior to, after, and throughout 5-FU treatment, respectively. Spatial memory was assessed using a novel object location (NOL) test. Hippocampal neurogenesis was then examined using Ki67, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), and doublecortin (DCX) immunohistochemistry staining. KEY FINDINGS Melatonin administration was able to both protect the subjects from and reverse spatial memory deficits. 5-FU was also found to reduce the generation of hippocampal newborn neurons. However, co-treatment with melatonin ameliorated the reductions in neurogenesis caused by 5-FU. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that melatonin administration was able to ameliorate the 5-FU-induced spatial memory deficits associated with neurogenesis. The present work will be valuable for patients who suffer memory deficits from 5-FU chemotherapy.
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26
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Campbell KL, Zadravec K, Bland KA, Chesley E, Wolf F, Janelsins MC. The Effect of Exercise on Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment and Applications for Physical Therapy: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Phys Ther 2020; 100:523-542. [PMID: 32065236 PMCID: PMC8559683 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzz090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), often called "chemo-brain" or "chemo-fog," is a common side effect among adults with cancer, which can persist well after treatment completion. Accumulating evidence demonstrates exercise can improve cognitive function in healthy older adults and adults with cognitive impairments, suggesting exercise may play a role in managing CRCI. PURPOSE The purpose was to perform a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to understand the effect of exercise on CRCI. DATA SOURCES Relevant literature was retrieved from CINAHL, Medline (Ovid), and EMBASE. STUDY SELECTION Eligible articles were RCTs that prescribed aerobic, resistance, combined aerobic/resistance, or mind-body (eg, yoga or Qigong) exercise during or following cancer treatment and included cognitive function outcome measures. DATA EXTRACTION Descriptive information and Cohen d effect sizes were directly extracted or calculated for included trials. DATA SYNTHESIS Twenty-nine trials were included in the final analysis. A statistically significant effect of exercise on self-reported cognitive function, both during and postadjuvant treatment, was reported in 12 trials (41%) (Cohen d range: 0.24-1.14), most commonly using the EORTC QLQ-C30. Ten trials (34%) performed neuropsychological testing to evaluate cognitive function; however, only 3 trials in women with breast cancer reported a significant effect of exercise (Cohen d range: 0.41-1.47). LIMITATIONS Few RCTs to date have evaluated the effect of exercise on CRCI as a primary outcome. Twenty-six trials (90%) in this review evaluated CRCI as secondary analyses. CONCLUSIONS Evidence supporting exercise as a strategy to address CRCI is limited. Future research evaluating CRCI as a primary outcome, including self-reported and objective measures, is needed to confirm the possible role of exercise in preventing and managing cognitive impairments in adults with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L Campbell
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia 212-2177
Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V7J 3K6,Address all correspondence to Dr Campbell at:
| | | | - Kelcey A Bland
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic
University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Florian Wolf
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport
University, Cologne, Germany
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Tong Y, Wang K, Sheng S, Cui J. Polydatin ameliorates chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (chemobrain) by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1201-1210. [PMID: 31992173 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1722057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Most breast cancer survivors receiving chemotherapy have severe cognitive impairment, often referred to as "chemobrain." Polydatin (PLD) is known to have many biological activities. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether symptoms of chemobrain can be prevented or relieved by PLD. The chemobrain models were established by intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin (DOX, 2 mg/kg) in rats once a week for 4 weeks (DOX group and DOX+PLD group). In the PLD group and DOX+PLD group, PLD (50 mg/kg) was administered orally to rats every day. We found that PLD treatment significantly protected against DOX-induced learning and memory impairment, restored hippocampal histopathological architecture. Furthermore, PLD suppressed DOX-induced oxidative stress through up-regulating Nrf2, inhibited inflammatory response by activating the NF-κB pathway, and reduced hippocampal apoptosis. Therefore, the present study indicated that PLD offered neuroprotection against DOX-induced chemobrain. PLD may assist in preventing chemobrain after chemotherapy in patients with cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Tong
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaijie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhai Sheng
- Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Cui
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, People's Republic of China
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28
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How to assess and manage cognitive impairment induced by treatments of non-central nervous system cancer. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:602-614. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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29
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Guillaumot MA, Cerles O, Bertrand HC, Benoit E, Nicco C, Chouzenoux S, Schmitt A, Batteux F, Policar C, Coriat R. Oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy: the preventive effect of a new super-oxide dismutase modulator. Oncotarget 2019; 10:6418-6431. [PMID: 31741707 PMCID: PMC6849645 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
By using the differential in level of oxidative status between normal and cancer cells, SuperOxide Dismutase (SOD) mimetics can have anti-tumor efficacy and prevent oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. Our objective was to evaluate the neuroprotective efficacy of MAG, a new SOD mimic. In vitro, the effects of MAG alone or with oxaliplatin were studied on colon cancer cells (HT29 and CT26) and on normal fibroblast cells (NIH3T3). The cell viability (by crystal violet) as well as the production of reactive forms of oxygen and glutathione (by spectrofluorimetric assay) was measured. In vivo, efficacy on tumor growth was assessed in mice grafted with CT26 colon cancer cells. The effects on induced neurotoxicity were measured by specific behavioral Von Frey nociception, cold-plate tests, specific functional neuromuscular assay and electron microscopy. In vitro, MAG induced a production of hydrogen peroxide in all cells. At 24 h-incubation, MAG exhibits a cytotoxic activity in all cell lines. A cytotoxic additive effect of MAG and oxaliplatin was observed through oxidative burst. In vivo, oxaliplatin-treated mice associated with MAG did not counteract oxaliplatin’s antitumoral efficacy. After 4 weeks of treatment with oxaliplatin combined with MAG, behavioral and functional tests showed a decrease in peripheral neuropathy induced by oxaliplatin in vivo. Electron microscopy analyses on sciatic nerves revealed an oxaliplatin-induced demyelination which is prevented by the association of MAG to this chemotherapy. In conclusion, MAG prevents the appearance of sensitive axonal neuropathy and neuromuscular disorders induced by oxaliplatin without affecting its antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Anne Guillaumot
- Département "Development, Reproduction and Cancer", Institut Cochin, Paris Descartes Université, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Cerles
- Département "Development, Reproduction and Cancer", Institut Cochin, Paris Descartes Université, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Paris, France
| | - Hélène C Bertrand
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Evelyne Benoit
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA de Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (Neuro-PSI), CNRS, UMR CNRS/Université Paris-Sud 9197, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carole Nicco
- Département "Development, Reproduction and Cancer", Institut Cochin, Paris Descartes Université, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Chouzenoux
- Département "Development, Reproduction and Cancer", Institut Cochin, Paris Descartes Université, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Paris, France
| | - Alain Schmitt
- Plateforme Imagerie Cellulaire, Microscopie électronique Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Batteux
- Département "Development, Reproduction and Cancer", Institut Cochin, Paris Descartes Université, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Paris, France.,Service d'Immunologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Cochin AP-HP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Clotilde Policar
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Romain Coriat
- Département "Development, Reproduction and Cancer", Institut Cochin, Paris Descartes Université, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016, Paris, France.,Service de Gastro-Entérologie du Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Cochin, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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30
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Alcantara A, Berenji GR, Scherling CS, Durcanova B, Diaz-Aguilar D, Silverman DHS. Long-Term Clinical and Neuronuclear Imaging Sequelae of Cancer Therapy, Trauma, and Brain Injury. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1682-1690. [PMID: 31601702 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.237578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronuclear imaging has been used for several decades in the study of primary neurodegenerative conditions, such as dementia and parkinsonian syndromes, both for research and for clinical purposes. There has been a relative paucity of applications of neuronuclear imaging to evaluate nonneurodegenerative conditions that can also have long-term effects on cognition and function. This article summarizes clinical and imaging aspects of 3 such conditions that have garnered considerable attention in recent years: cancer- and chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment, posttraumatic stress disorder, and traumatic brain injury. Further, we describe current research using neuroimaging tools aimed to better understand the relationships between the clinical presentations and brain structure and function in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- April Alcantara
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Gholam R Berenji
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Radiology, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California; and
| | - Carole S Scherling
- Department of Psychological Science, Belmont University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Beata Durcanova
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Daniel Diaz-Aguilar
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Daniel H S Silverman
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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Abstract
Impaired neurocognitive function is an increasingly recognized morbidity in patients who have cancer. Cancer treatments, psychosocial stressors, and the malignancy itself can alter brain function. The mechanisms by which this occurs are under active investigation. Although there is a growing appreciation of its prevalence and causes, there remain limited therapeutic options for the treatment of neurocognitive dysfunction in this population. A persistent scientific and clinical effort to understand its mechanisms and impact is critical to the care of oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Harrison
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 0431, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Jeffrey S Wefel
- Section of Neuropsychology, Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 0431, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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32
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Fahim A, Rehman Z, Bhatti MF, Virk N, Ali A, Rashid A, Paracha RZ. The Route to 'Chemobrain' - Computational probing of neuronal LTP pathway. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9630. [PMID: 31270411 PMCID: PMC6610097 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45883-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy causes deleterious side effects during the course of cancer management. The toxic effects may be extended to CNS chronically resulting in altered cognitive function like learning and memory. The present study follows a computational assessment of 64 chemotherapeutic drugs for their off-target interactions against the major proteins involved in neuronal long term potentiation pathway. The cancer chemo-drugs were subjected to induced fit docking followed by scoring alignment and drug-targets interaction analysis. The results were further probed by electrostatic potential computation and ligand binding affinity prediction of the top complexes. The study identified novel off-target interactions by Dactinomycin, Temsirolimus, and Everolimus against NMDA, AMPA, PKA and ERK2, while Irinotecan, Bromocriptine and Dasatinib were top interacting drugs for CaMKII. This study presents with basic foundational knowledge regarding potential chemotherapeutic interference in LTP pathway which may modulate neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity in patient receiving these chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammad Fahim
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Zaira Rehman
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faraz Bhatti
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Nasar Virk
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
- EBS Universität für Wirtschaft und Recht, EBS Business School, Rheingaustrasse 1, Oestrich-Winkel, 65375, Germany
| | - Amjad Ali
- Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amir Rashid
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Zafar Paracha
- Research Centre for Modeling and Simulation, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.
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33
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Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments: A systematic review of the animal literature. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 102:382-399. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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34
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Park HS, Kim CJ, Kwak HB, No MH, Heo JW, Kim TW. Physical exercise prevents cognitive impairment by enhancing hippocampal neuroplasticity and mitochondrial function in doxorubicin-induced chemobrain. Neuropharmacology 2018; 133:451-461. [PMID: 29477301 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although chemotherapy increases the survival rate of patients with various cancers, such treatment can induce acute or long-term cognitive dysfunction a phenomenon known as post-chemotherapy cognitive impairment (PCCI) or "chemobrain." Exercise is known to positively affect brain function. Thus, the present study aimed to determine whether symptoms of chemobrain and disruptions in the neuroplasticity and functioning of hippocampal mitochondria can be prevented or relieved by exercise. Wistar rats were separated into the following groups: control, control plus exercise, chemobrain, and chemobrain plus exercise. For chemobrain induction, 2 mg/kg of doxorubicin (DOX) a widely utilized chemotherapeutic agent among patients with breast cancer was dissolved in saline and directly injected to the abdomen once every 4 weeks. The exercise groups were subjected to low-intensity treadmill, 6 days per week for 4 weeks. The Morris water maze and step-down avoidance tests were conducted to evaluate cognitive function, while neuroplasticity and mitochondrial function were assessed in the hippocampus and dentate gyrus. Decreased cognitive function were observed in the chemobrain group, along with decreases in levels of neurogenesis, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), Ca2+ retention in hippocampus. Rats of the chemobrain group also exhibited an increase in apoptosis, H2O2 emission and permeability transition pore by hippocampal mitochondria. However, exercise attenuated impairments in cognitive function, neuroplasticity, and mitochondrial function induced by DOX treatment. Therefore, the findings of the present study indicate that low-intensity exercise may assist in preventing cognitive dysfunction during or after chemotherapy in patients with various cancers, including breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Sang Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, KyungHee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ju Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, KyungHee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Bum Kwak
- Department of Kinesiology, Art & Sports, InHa University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hyun No
- Department of Kinesiology, Art & Sports, InHa University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Heo
- Department of Kinesiology, Art & Sports, InHa University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, KyungHee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Exercise Rehabilitation Research Institute, Department of Exercise & Health Science, SangMyung University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Santos JC, Pyter LM. Neuroimmunology of Behavioral Comorbidities Associated With Cancer and Cancer Treatments. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1195. [PMID: 29930550 PMCID: PMC6001368 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral comorbidities (depression, anxiety, fatigue, cognitive disturbances, and neuropathic pain) are prevalent in cancer patients and survivors. These mental and neurological health issues reduce quality-of-life, which is a significant societal concern given the increasing rates of long-term survival after various cancers. Hypothesized causes of behavioral comorbidities with cancer include tumor biology, stress associated with the cancer experience, and cancer treatments. A relatively recent leading mechanism by which these causes contribute to changes in neurobiology that underlie behavior is inflammation. Indeed, both basic and clinical research indicates that peripheral inflammation leads to central inflammation and behavioral changes in other illness contexts. Given the limitations of assessing neuroimmunology in clinical populations, this review primarily synthesizes evidence of neuroimmune and neuroinflammatory changes due to two components of cancer (tumor biology and cancer treatments) that are associated with altered affective-like or cognitive behaviors in rodents. Specifically, alterations in microglia, neuroinflammation, and immune trafficking to the brain are compiled in models of tumors, chemotherapy, and/or radiation. Evidence-based neuronal mechanisms by which these neuroimmune changes may lead to changes in behavior are proposed. Finally, converging evidence in clinical cancer populations is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C Santos
- Department of Basic and Applied Immunology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leah M Pyter
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health and Neuroscience, The Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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Chemotherapy and cognition: International cognition and cancer task force recommendations for harmonising preclinical research. Cancer Treat Rev 2018; 69:72-83. [PMID: 29909223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer survivors who undergo chemotherapy for non-CNS tumours often report substantial cognitive disturbances that adversely affect quality of life, during and after treatment. The neurotoxic effects of anti-cancer drugs have been confirmed in clinical and pre-clinical research. Work with animals has also identified a range of factors and underlying mechanisms that contribute to chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment. However, there is a continuing need to develop standard cognitive testing procedures for validation and comparison purposes, broaden the search for biological and neurochemical mechanisms, and develop improved animal models for investigating the combined effects of treatment, the disease, and other potential factors (e.g., age, stress). In this paper, a working group, formed under the auspices of the International Cognition and Cancer Task Force, reviews the state of pre-clinical research, formulates strategic priorities, and provides recommendations to guide animal research that meaningfully informs clinical investigations.
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Peterson BM, Johnson C, Case KR, Shackelford DYK, Brown JM, Lalonde TL, Hayward R. Feasibility of a combined aerobic and cognitive training intervention on cognitive function in cancer survivors: a pilot investigation. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2018; 4:50. [PMID: 29468085 PMCID: PMC5816373 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-018-0242-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) may negatively affect upwards of 75% of cancer patients. Exercise and cognitive training, independently, may increase functional capacity and aspects of cognitive function. Yet, combined training protocols have not been evaluated in cancer survivor populations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of a quasi-randomized, controlled, exploratory, repeated-measures aerobic and cognitive training intervention on cognitive function in participants undergoing treatment for cancer (N = 28). METHODS Pre- and post-physical and cognitive assessments were administered. A 36-session (approximately 12 weeks) computer-based cognitive (COG), aerobic (AER), cognitive and aerobic (AER + COG), and flexibility (CON) training intervention was completed. Dependent measures t tests and pre- to post percentages were then calculated to address within-group changes for each dependent variable. RESULTS Within-group measures revealed that the AER logical memory scores (pre- to post mean difference [2.3], 95.0% CI [0.9, 3.7], percentage change [32.7%]), delayed recall scores (pre- to post mean difference [2.1], 95.0% CI [0.3, 3.9], percentage change [27.2%]), block design scores (pre- to post mean difference [1.7], 95.0% CI [0.2, 3.2], percentage change [19.0%]), and letter-number sequencing scores (pre- to post mean difference [1.0], 95.0% CI [0.2, 1.8], percentage change [12.3%]) all increased. Aspects of verbal fluidity scores increased in the CON group. However, all cognitive scores (AER + COG and COG groups) failed to increase. CONCLUSIONS Aerobic training for CRCI may positively impact cognitive function. Individually, these methods may appropriately address CRCI, but combined training of this nature may be too demanding for patients undergoing treatment for cancer. However, larger randomized trials are needed to substantiate this protocol in large-scale cancer rehabilitation centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent M. Peterson
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, Biola University, 13800 Biola Ave., La Mirada, CA 90639 USA
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute, University of Northern Colorado, 501 W. 20th St., Greeley, CO 80639 USA
| | - Cynthia Johnson
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO USA
| | - Kaylene R. Case
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO USA
| | - Daniel Y. K. Shackelford
- Department of Exercise Science, Carroll University, 100 N. East Ave., Waukesha, WI 53186 USA
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute, University of Northern Colorado, 501 W. 20th St., Greeley, CO 80639 USA
| | - Jessica M. Brown
- Department of Exercise Science, Carroll University, 100 N. East Ave., Waukesha, WI 53186 USA
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute, University of Northern Colorado, 501 W. 20th St., Greeley, CO 80639 USA
| | - Trent L. Lalonde
- Department of Applied Statistics and Research Methods, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO USA
| | - Reid Hayward
- School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute, University of Northern Colorado, 501 W. 20th St., Greeley, CO 80639 USA
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Winocur G, Berman H, Nguyen M, Binns MA, Henkelman M, van Eede M, Piquette-Miller M, Sekeres MJ, Wojtowicz JM, Yu J, Zhang H, Tannock IF. Neurobiological Mechanisms of Chemotherapy-induced Cognitive Impairment in a Transgenic Model of Breast Cancer. Neuroscience 2018; 369:51-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Schmielau J, Rick O, Reuss-Borst M, Kalusche-Bontemps EM, Steimann M. Rehabilitation of Cancer Survivors with Long-Term Toxicities. Oncol Res Treat 2017; 40:764-771. [DOI: 10.1159/000485187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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40
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Ibudilast reduces oxaliplatin-induced tactile allodynia and cognitive impairments in rats. Behav Brain Res 2017; 334:109-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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41
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Myers JS, Koleck TA, Sereika SM, Conley YP, Bender CM. Perceived cognitive function for breast cancer survivors: association of genetic and behaviorally related variables for inflammation. Support Care Cancer 2017; 25:2475-2484. [PMID: 28247126 PMCID: PMC5481483 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-017-3654-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We explored relationships between genetic variability and behaviorally related variables (body mass index and exercise frequency) for inflammation, and perceived cognitive function (PCF) for breast cancer survivors (BCS). Our primary aim was to explore relationships between select single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for IL1R1, IL6, TNF genes, and PCF. Our secondary aim was to explore whether body mass index (BMI) and exercise frequency moderate these relationships. METHODS We conducted an exploratory candidate gene substudy. Saliva samples from participants (N = 101) in a larger, cross-sectional study were genotyped. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore relationships between SNPs and PCF, controlling for age, education level, fatigue, and distress. Hierarchical expansion of regression models included main effects for BMI and exercise frequency and interaction effects between BMI, exercise frequency, and each SNP. RESULTS The most parsimonious regression model included fatigue, exercise frequency, and IL1R1rs2287047 minor alleles (AA+GG) (R 2 = 0.244, adjusted R 2 = 0.220, p = 0.013). No other SNPs were significant. Higher exercise frequency (b = 7.300, p = 0.013) and IL1R1rs2287047 (AA+AG) (b = 6.512, p = 0.025) predicted better PCF. Greater fatigue predicted poorer PCF (b = -2.359, p < 0.01). No interaction was demonstrated between BMI and exercise related to PCF or between BMI, exercise, and SNPs. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a protective relationship between IL1R1rs2287047 (AA+AG) and PCF and provide further evidence supporting exercise as a potential intervention for poorer PCF. Ours is the first study to investigate genetic variability associated with inflammation, behaviorally related variables, and PCF for BCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie S Myers
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, USA.
| | | | - Susan M Sereika
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yvette P Conley
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Chaisawang P, Sirichoat A, Chaijaroonkhanarak W, Pannangrong W, Sripanidkulchai B, Wigmore P, Welbat JU. Asiatic acid protects against cognitive deficits and reductions in cell proliferation and survival in the rat hippocampus caused by 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180650. [PMID: 28700628 PMCID: PMC5503269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemotherapy drug, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), has been reported to cause cognitive impairments in cancer patients. The drug also reduces cell proliferation and survival in the brain. Asiatic acid (AA) is a triterpene compound found in Centella asiatica that can protect against reduction of neurogenesis in the hippocampus and memory deficits induced by valproic acid (VPA). In the present study, we investigated the preventive effects of AA on the deficits in spatial working memory and cell proliferation and survival caused by 5-FU chemotherapy in a rat model. Male Sprague Dawley rats received 5-FU (5 i.v. injections, 25 mg/kg) on day 8, 11, 14, 17 and 20 of the study. This was co-administered with AA (30 mg/kg, oral gavage tube) either 20 days before receiving 5-FU (preventive), after receiving 5-FU (recovery), or for the entire period of the experiment (throughout). Spatial working memory was determined using the novel object location (NOL) test and hippocampal cell proliferation and survival of dividing cells were quantified using immunohistochemistry. Rats in the 5-FU alone and recovery groups showed memory deficits in the NOL test and reductions in cell proliferation and cell survival in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Rats in the control, AA alone, and both preventive and throughout co-administration groups, however, did not exhibit these characteristics. The results showed that 5-FU chemotherapy impaired memory and reduced cell proliferation and cell survival in the SGZ of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. However, these impairments in the animals receiving 5-FU chemotherapy were restored to control levels when AA was co-administered before and during 5-FU treatment. These data demonstrate that AA can prevent the spatial working memory and hippocampal neurogenesis impairments caused by 5-FU chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornthip Chaisawang
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Sirichoat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Wanassanun Pannangrong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Bungorn Sripanidkulchai
- Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Peter Wigmore
- School of Life Sciences, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jariya Umka Welbat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Center for Research and Development of Herbal Health Products, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Neuroscience Research and Development Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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Ehlers DK, Rogers LQ, Courneya KS, Robbs RS, McAuley E. Effects of BEAT Cancer randomized physical activity trial on subjective memory impairments in breast cancer survivors. Psychooncology 2017; 27:687-690. [PMID: 28414894 DOI: 10.1002/pon.4438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Diane K Ehlers
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Laura Q Rogers
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Randall S Robbs
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Edward McAuley
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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Vardy JL, Bray VJ, Dhillon HM. Cancer-induced cognitive impairment: practical solutions to reduce and manage the challenge. Future Oncol 2017; 13:767-771. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Janette L Vardy
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Concord Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
- Centre for Medical Psychology & Evidence-based Decision-making, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Victoria J Bray
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Haryana M Dhillon
- Centre for Medical Psychology & Evidence-Based Decision-Making, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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45
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Is there a relationship between objectively measured cognitive changes in patients with solid tumours undergoing chemotherapy treatment and their health-related quality of life outcomes? A systematic review. Psychooncology 2017; 26:1422-1432. [DOI: 10.1002/pon.4331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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46
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Campbell KL, Kam JWY, Neil-Sztramko SE, Liu Ambrose T, Handy TC, Lim HJ, Hayden S, Hsu L, Kirkham AA, Gotay CC, McKenzie DC, Boyd LA. Effect of aerobic exercise on cancer-associated cognitive impairment: A proof-of-concept RCT. Psychooncology 2017; 27:53-60. [PMID: 28075038 DOI: 10.1002/pon.4370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Change in cognitive ability is a commonly reported adverse effect by breast cancer survivors. The underlying etiology of cognitive complaints is unclear and to date, there is limited evidence for effective intervention strategies. Exercise has been shown to improve cognitive function in older adults and animal models treated with chemotherapy. This proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial tested the effect of aerobic exercise versus usual lifestyle on cognitive function in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors. METHODS Women, aged 40 to 65 years, postmenopausal, stages I to IIIA breast cancer, and who self-reported cognitive dysfunction following chemotherapy treatment, were recruited and randomized to a 24-week aerobic exercise intervention (EX; n = 10) or usual lifestyle control (CON; n = 9). Participants completed self-report measures of the impact of cognitive issues on quality of life (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive version 3), objective neuropsychological testing, and functional magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and 24 weeks. RESULTS Compared to CON, EX had a reduced time to complete a processing speed test (trail making test-A) (-14.2 seconds, P < .01; effect size 0.35). Compared to CON, there was no improvement in self-reported cognitive function and effect sizes were small. Interestingly, lack of between-group differences in Stroop behavioral performance was accompanied by functional changes in several brain regions of interest in EX compared to CON at 24 weeks. CONCLUSION These findings provide preliminary proof-of-concept results for the potential of aerobic exercise to improve cancer-related cognitive impairment and will serve to inform the development of future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Campbell
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J W Y Kam
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S E Neil-Sztramko
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - T Liu Ambrose
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - T C Handy
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - H J Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Hayden
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - L Hsu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A A Kirkham
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C C Gotay
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - D C McKenzie
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - L A Boyd
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Harrison EM, Carmack SA, Block CL, Sun J, Anagnostaras SG, Gorman MR. Circadian waveform bifurcation, but not phase-shifting, leaves cued fear memory intact. Physiol Behav 2017; 169:106-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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48
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Rendeiro C, Sheriff A, Bhattacharya TK, Gogola JV, Baxter JH, Chen H, Helferich WG, Roy EJ, Rhodes JS. Long-lasting impairments in adult neurogenesis, spatial learning and memory from a standard chemotherapy regimen used to treat breast cancer. Behav Brain Res 2016; 315:10-22. [PMID: 27478140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The negative impact of chemotherapy on cognitive function in cancer patients has gained increasing attention in the last decade. Whilst the short-term acute effects on cognition are expected following chemotherapy, the persistence of such impairments in the long-term is still in question. This is despite clinical evidence indicating cognitive difficulties may persist well beyond treatment and affect quality of life. In the present study, we assessed the long-term (3 months) cognitive impact of chemotherapy in a mouse model intended to mimic the human female post-menopausal population receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer. Ovariectomized, female, C57BL/6J mice received two doses of Doxorubicin, Cyclophosphamide, and 5-Fluorouracil or saline vehicle (control), separated by one week. During this interval, mice received BrdU injections to label dividing cells. Results indicate a persistent impairment in learning and recall (1h, 24h and 48h) on the Morris water maze, reduced survival and differentiation of new neurons (BrdU+/NeuN+), and a persistent decline in proliferation of new cells (Ki67(+)) in the dentate gyrus. Locomotor activity, motor performance, and anxiety-like behavior were unaffected. We further evaluated the efficacy of a diet enriched in omega-3-fatty acids (DHA+EPA+DPA), in reversing long-term chemotherapy deficits but no rescue was observed. The model described produces long-term cognitive and cellular impairments from chemotherapy that mimic those observed in humans. It could be useful for identifying mechanisms of action and to test further the ability of lifestyle interventions (e.g., diet) for ameliorating chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Rendeiro
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Center for Nutrition, Learning and Memory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States.
| | - Andrew Sheriff
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Tushar K Bhattacharya
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Joseph V Gogola
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | | | - Hong Chen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States
| | - William G Helferich
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Edward J Roy
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Justin S Rhodes
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Center for Nutrition, Learning and Memory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States.
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49
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Impact of aerobic exercise training during chemotherapy on cancer related cognitive impairments in patients suffering from acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome - Study protocol of a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2016; 49:1-5. [PMID: 27261170 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer related cognitive impairments (CRCI) are frequently reported by patients prior to, during and after medical treatment. Although this cognitive decline severely affects patients' quality of life, little is known about effective treatments. Exercise programs represent a promising supportive strategy in this field. However, evidence is sparse and existing studies display methodological limitations. In the planned study, 83 men and women newly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) will be randomized into one of three treatment groups. During 4weeks of induction chemotherapy with Anthracycline and Cytarabin patients allocated to exercise group will cycle 3×/week for 30min at moderate to vigorous intensity on an ergometer. Patients allocated to placebo group will receive a supervised myofascial release training (3×/week, approx. 30min) and patients at control group will get usual care. As primary endpoints a cognitive test battery will be conducted measuring performances depending on verbal/spatial memory and executive functioning. Secondary endpoints will be self-perceived cognitive functioning, as well as neurotrophic and inflammatory serum markers. All assessments will be conducted immediately after hospitalization and before chemotherapy is commenced, immediately before discharge of hospital after 4-5weeks as well as before continuing medical treatment 3-4weeks after discharge. This will be the first study investigating the impact of an aerobic exercise training on CRCI in AML/MDS patients. We hope that the study design and the state-of-the-art assessments will help to increase knowledge about CRCI in general and exercise as potential treatment option in this under investigated population.
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50
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Effects of Exercise Interventions and Physical Activity Behavior on Cancer Related Cognitive Impairments: A Systematic Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:1820954. [PMID: 27144158 PMCID: PMC4842032 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1820954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review analyzes current data on effects of exercise interventions and physical activity behavior on objective and subjective cancer related cognitive impairments (CRCI). Out of the 19 studies which met all inclusion criteria, five RCTs investigated rodents, whereas the other 14 trials explored humans and these included six RCTs, one controlled trial, two prospective noncontrolled trials, one case series, one observational study, and three cross-sectional studies. The results from animal models revealed positive effects of exercise during and after chemotherapy or radiation on structural alterations of the central nervous system, physiological as well as neuropsychological outcomes. The overall study quality in patient studies was poor. The current data on intervention studies showed preliminary positive effects of Asian-influenced movement programs (e.g., Yoga) with benefits on self-perceived cognitive functions as well as a reduction of chronic inflammation for breast cancer patients in the aftercare. Exercise potentially contributes to the prevention and rehabilitation of CRCI. Additional RCTs with standardized neuropsychological assessments and controlling for potential confounders are needed to confirm and expand preliminary findings.
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