1
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Moussa F, Doumiati S, Bernabò N, Barboni B, Jaber F, Mokh S. Hormones residues in bovine animals: Sampling, analysis and health risk assessment. Steroids 2022; 181:108994. [PMID: 35245532 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.108994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of hormones for breeding animal livestock has been banned since 1981 under the Council Directive 81/602/EC. So far, each country should monitor the use of anabolic hormones in animal production to protect the consumer's health against these unwanted residues. This paper presents the research results on steroid and non-steroid hormones residues carried out in Lebanon from 2018 to 2020. Using a newly developed and validated LC-MS/MS method, the detection and the quantification of hormones in bovine matrices were done. The targeted matrices were muscle, liver, kidney, and bile. A total of two-hundred and forty-seven samples were collected from different slaughterhouses located in six different cities in Lebanon. Interestingly, only four hormones were found: testosterone, progesterone, epitestosterone, and 6 propyl 2thiouracil. Based on the obtained data, the estimated daily intake, hazard quotient, and hazard index were calculated to evaluate an exposure assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadl Moussa
- Doctoral School of Science and Technology Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy
| | - Samah Doumiati
- Faculty of Public Health- I - Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Nicola Bernabò
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy
| | - Farouk Jaber
- National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS), Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission (LAEC), Laboratory for Analysis of Organic Compound (LACO), Beirut, Lebanon; Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.
| | - Samia Mokh
- Faculty of Public Health- I - Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon; National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS), Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission (LAEC), Laboratory for Analysis of Organic Compound (LACO), Beirut, Lebanon.
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Papadaki M, Mandalakis M, Anastasiou TI, Pouli M, Asderis M, Katharios P, Papandroulakis N, Mylonas CC. Histological evaluation of sex differentiation and early sex identification in hatchery-produced greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) reared in sea cages. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:1777-1792. [PMID: 34515893 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-01007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The histological process of gonadal differentiation, together with the endocrine changes of sex steroid hormones and some of their precursors, was studied in hatchery-produced greater amberjack Seriola dumerili from 101 until 408 days post-hatching (dph), with samplings conducted every 50 days. Histological processing showed that sex differentiation began at 101 dph with the formation of the ovarian cavity in females, while the presumptive males did not yet contain any germ cells in their gonad. At 150 dph, we observed the first germ cells in the developing testes. Sex differentiation in almost all sampled individuals was complete at 408 dph. No size dimorphism was observed between the sexes, and the sex ratio was 1:1, suggesting that there was no influence of early rearing in captivity on sex differentiation. Plasma concentrations of adrenosterone (Ad), androstenedione (Δ4), 11-ketotestosterone (11ΚΤ), testosterone (Τ), estradiol (Ε2), progesterone (P4) and 17,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20βP) were measured in males and females with the use of liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to examine their role in the sex differentiation process. From the seven hormones, the only one that exhibited differences between the sexes was 11-KT and the plasma 11-KT concentration was found to be a useful indication of greater amberjack sex. Variations were observed in the mean values of Ad, Δ4, 11-KT, T, P4 and 17,20βP over time in one or both sexes, indicating their involvement in the sex differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Papadaki
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, P.O. Box 2214, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, 71409, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Manolis Mandalakis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, P.O. Box 2214, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Thekla I Anastasiou
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, P.O. Box 2214, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Marina Pouli
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, P.O. Box 2208, 71409, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Michalis Asderis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, P.O. Box 2214, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Pantelis Katharios
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, P.O. Box 2214, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Nikos Papandroulakis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, P.O. Box 2214, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Constantinos C Mylonas
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, P.O. Box 2214, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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Luque-Córdoba D, López-Bascón MA, Priego-Capote F. Development of a quantitative method for determination of steroids in human plasma by gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2020; 220:121415. [PMID: 32928427 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sex steroids are involved in biological functions that encompass from the complete sexual development of individuals up to the deregulation of metabolic pathways leading to some pathologies. Steroids are present in blood at low concentration levels from pg mL-1 to ng mL-1. For this reason, a high sensitive and selective method based on gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-NCI-MS/MS) is here proposed to quantify either androgens (androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, dihydrotestosterone and testosterone), estrogens (estrone and estradiol) and a progestogen (progesterone) in human plasma. The sample preparation steps, protein precipitation and solid phase extraction, were optimized to ensure the sample matrix removal and to extract steroids with high efficiency. The NCI-MS/MS detection approach was compared with that based on electron impact to evaluate the incidence of the ionization source in the determination of steroids. The quantification limits for determination of these analytes were in a range from 10 pg mL-1 to 5 ng mL-1, with a high sensitivity for estrogens, typically found at low concentrations. The proposed method was tested for the determination of steroids in male blood samples, in which 6 out of 7 steroids were detected and quantified to report concentration values in agreement with those described in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Luque-Córdoba
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Nanochemistry University Instititue (IUNAN), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - M A López-Bascón
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Nanochemistry University Instititue (IUNAN), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - F Priego-Capote
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex Marie Curie Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Nanochemistry University Instititue (IUNAN), Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
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Maciążek-Jurczyk M, Bessonneau V, Ings J, Bragg L, McMaster M, Servos MR, Bojko B, Pawliszyn J. Development of a thin-film solid-phase microextraction (TF-SPME) method coupled to liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry for high-throughput determination of steroid hormones in white sucker fish plasma. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:4183-4194. [PMID: 32361868 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02657-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Steroid hormones (SH) play a number of important physiological roles in vertebrates including fish. Changes in SH concentration significantly affect reproduction, differentiation, development, or metabolism. The objective of this study was to develop an in vitro high-throughput thin-film solid-phase microextraction (TF-SPME)-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for targeted analysis of endogenous SH (cortisol, testosterone, progesterone, estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2)) in wild white sucker fish plasma where the concentrations of the analytes are substantially low. A simple TF-SPME method enabled the simultaneous determination of free and total SH concentrations. The use of biocompatible coating allowed direct extraction of these hormones from complex biological samples without prior preparation. The carryover was less than 3%, thereby ensuring reusability of the devices and reproducibility. The results showed that TF-SPME was suitable for the analysis of compounds in the polarity range between 1.28 and 4.31 such as SH at different physicochemical properties. The proposed method was validated according to bioanalytical method validation guidelines. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification(LOQ) for cortisol, testosterone, progesterone, E1, E2, and EE2 were from 0.006 to 0.150 ng/mL and from 0.020 to 0.500 ng/mL, respectively. The recovery for the method was about 85%, and the accuracy and precision of the method for cortisol, testosterone, and progesterone were ≤ 6.0% and ≤ 11.2%, respectively, whereas those for E1, E2, and EE2 were ≤ 15.0% and ≤ 10.2%, respectively. On the basis of this study, TF-SPME demonstrated several important advantages such as simplicity, sensitivity, and robustness under laboratory conditions. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Maciążek-Jurczyk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.,Department of Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Vincent Bessonneau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jennifer Ings
- Enviroment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Leslie Bragg
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark McMaster
- Enviroment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario, L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Mark R Servos
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Barbara Bojko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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5
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Dabrowski R, Ripa R, Latza C, Annibal A, Antebi A. Optimization of mass spectrometry settings for steroidomic analysis in young and old killifish. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:4089-4099. [PMID: 32333075 PMCID: PMC7320053 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02640-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Steroids are essential structural components of cell membranes that organize lipid rafts and modulate membrane fluidity. They can also act as signalling molecules that work through nuclear and G protein–coupled receptors to impact health and disease. Notably, changes in steroid levels have been implicated in metabolic, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, but how alterations in the steroid pool affect ageing is less well understood. One of the major challenges in steroidomic analysis is the ability to simultaneously detect and distinguish various steroids due to low in vivo concentrations and naturally occurring stereoisomers. Here, we established such a method to study the mass spectrometry behaviour of nine sterols/steroids and related molecules (cholesterol precursors: squalene, lanosterol; sterol metabolites; 7 Dehydrocholesterol, 24, 25 and 27 Hydroxycholesterol; and steroids: progesterone, testosterone, and corticosterone) during ageing in the African turquoise killifish, a new model for studying vertebrate longevity. We find that levels of all tested steroids change significantly with age in multiple tissues, suggesting that specific steroids could be used as biomarkers of ageing. These findings pave the way for use of Nothobranchius furzeri as a novel model organism to unravel the role of sterols/steroids in ageing and age-related diseases. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel Dabrowski
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9 b, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roberto Ripa
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9 b, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Latza
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9 b, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Annibal
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9 b, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Adam Antebi
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9 b, 50931, Cologne, Germany. .,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Josef-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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6
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Yi S, Liu LF, Zhou LF, Zhao BW, Wang WM, Gao ZX. Screening of Biomarkers Related to Ovarian Maturation and Spawning in Blunt Snout Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) Based on Metabolomics and Transcriptomics. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 22:180-193. [PMID: 32006128 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-019-09943-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In fish breeding practices, gamete maturity of females is vital to reproductive success. For some species, it is possible to estimate the female maturation status based on abdomen observation, but quite difficult for some species which mature at big size. To screen out the potential biomarker in fish blood relating to female maturation, we employed the approach integrating the UPLC-MS/MS and RNA-seq techniques to investigate the metabolites and genes reflecting the sexual maturation and spawning of female blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala. The study included four groups, 1-year-old immature female individuals, 2-year-old immature female individuals, 2-year-old sexually mature female individuals, and 2-year-old sexually mature female individuals after 24 h of successful spawning. The upregulated metabolites in mature females were involved in "steroid hormone biosynthesis," "metabolic pathways," "glycerophospholipid metabolism," etc. compared with those of immature individuals. As the key intermediate of steroid hormone biosynthesis, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone exhibited the highest level in 2-year-old mature females than in the immature females. Meanwhile, the metabolites (i.e., dodecanoic acid and myristic acid) participating in fatty acid synthesis exhibited much lower levels in the females after spawning than those before spawning. In addition to the metabolites, the genes involved in ovarian steroidogenesis were significantly upregulated in the 2-year-old immature females compared to the 1-year-old immature females, indicating that the ovarian steroidogenesis plays important roles in ovarian development of M. amblycephala at the early stages. The significant upregulation of genes (i.e., itpr1, camk2, and mekk2) involved in the "GnRH signaling pathway" was observed in the mature females compared with the immature females, which indicated that the estrogen levels increased after female maturation in M. amblycephala. Moreover, many genes (e.g., gck, creb1, tf2-9, ryr2, asgr1, and creb1) regulating insulin secretion and thyroid hormone synthesis were significantly downregulated after female spawning. The dynamics of gene expression and metabolites observed in this study provide novel cues for guiding fish practical artificial reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaokui Yi
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green development for conventional aquatic biological industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li-Fang Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green development for conventional aquatic biological industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lai-Fang Zhou
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green development for conventional aquatic biological industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bo-Wen Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green development for conventional aquatic biological industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wei-Min Wang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
- Engineering Research Center of Green development for conventional aquatic biological industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ze-Xia Gao
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Green development for conventional aquatic biological industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Fish Breeding and Culture in Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Moussa F, Mokh S, Doumiati S, Barboni B, Bernabò N, Al Iskandarani M. LC-MS/MS method for the determination of hormones: Validation, application and health risk assessment in various bovine matrices. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 138:111204. [PMID: 32081729 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A new method, using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the detection of fourteen natural and synthetic hormones in muscles, was validated in other bovine matrices (liver, kidney, bile and hair) according to the Decision Commission 2002/657/EC. As result, this method demonstrates good linearity (R2 > 0.99) as well as accuracy with coefficients of variation for repeatability and reproducibility lower than 23%. Moreover, the values of decision limit (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) were determined indicating values ranging from 0.13 to 0.86 μg/kg and 0.25-1.72 μg/k for the majority of analytes. Recovery rate in the different matrices varied from 51.5 to 107%. Indeed, this method has been successfully applied to detect anabolic hormones in eighty-eight samples (muscle, liver, kidney, and bile) collected from different local slaughterhouses. Results showed that progesterone was found in 30 samples at concentrations ranging from 0.11 to 11.7 μg/kg, while testosterone was detected in 34 samples at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 9.52 μg/kg. All bile samples contain epi-testosterone at concentration ranging from 0.89 to 280 μg/kg. These obtained data were used to calculate the estimated daily intake, hazard quotient and hazard index as exposure assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadl Moussa
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy; Doctoral School of Science and Technology Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samia Mokh
- National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS), Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission (LAEC), Laboratory for Analysis of Organic Compound (LACO), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samah Doumiati
- Faculty of Public Health I - Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy
| | - Nicola Bernabò
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Italy
| | - Mohamad Al Iskandarani
- National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS), Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission (LAEC), Laboratory for Analysis of Organic Compound (LACO), Beirut, Lebanon; Faculty of Public Health I - Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon.
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8
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Cyclodextrin based polymer sorbents for micro-solid phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in determination of endogenous steroids. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1543:23-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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9
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Liu S, Xu XR, Qi ZH, Chen H, Hao QW, Hu YX, Zhao JL, Ying GG. Steroid bioaccumulation profiles in typical freshwater aquaculture environments of South China and their human health risks via fish consumption. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 228:72-81. [PMID: 28525786 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
More attention was previously paid to adverse effects of steroids on aquatic organisms and their ecological risks to the aquatic environment. So far, little information has been reported on the bioaccumulative characteristics of different classes of steroids in cultured fish tissues. The present study for the first time provided a comprehensive analysis of the occurrence, bioaccumulation, and global consumers' health risks via fish consumption of androgens, glucocorticoids and progestanges in typical freshwater cultured farms in South China. The numbers and total concentrations of steroids detected in the tissues of five common species of the cultured fish were in the order of plasma > bile > liver > muscle and plasma > bile, muscle > liver, respectively. The field bioaccumulation factors for the detected synthetic steroids ranged from 450 to 97,000 in bile, 450 to 65,000 in plasma, 2900 to 16,000 in liver, and 42 to 2600 in muscle of fish, respectively. This data suggests that steroids are bioaccumulative in fish tissues. Mostly important, 4-androstene-3,17-dione (AED) and cortisone (CRN) were found to be reliable chemical indicators to predict the levels of steroids in plasma and muscle of the inter-species cultured fish, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum hazard quotients (HQs) of testosterone and progesterone were 5.8 × 10-4 and 9.9 × 10-5, suggesting that human health risks were negligible via ingestion of the steroids-contaminated fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Xiang-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Zhan-Hui Qi
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Qin-Wei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yong-Xia Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jian-Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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10
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Development of a multi-class steroid hormone screening method using Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:4179-90. [PMID: 27039201 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9512-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring complex endocrine pathways is often limited by indirect measurement or measurement of a single hormone class per analysis. There is a burgeoning need to develop specific direct-detection methods capable of providing simultaneous measurement of biologically relevant concentrations of multiple classes of hormones (estrogens, androgens, progestogens, and corticosteroids). The objectives of this study were to develop a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for multi-class steroid hormone detection using biologically relevant concentrations, then test limits of detection (LOD) in a high-background matrix by spiking charcoal-stripped fetal bovine serum (FBS) extract. Accuracy was tested with National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) with certified concentrations of cortisol, testosterone, and progesterone. 11-Deoxycorticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, adrenosterone, androstenedione, cortisol, corticosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, dihydrotestosterone, estradiol, estriol, estrone, equilin, pregnenolone, progesterone, and testosterone were also measured using isotopic dilution. Dansyl chloride (DC) derivatization was investigated maintaining the same method to improve and expedite estrogen analysis. Biologically relevant LODs were determined for 15 hormones. DC derivatization improved estrogen response two- to eight-fold, and improved chromatographic separation. All measurements had an accuracy ≤14 % difference from certified values (not accounting for uncertainty) and relative standard deviation ≤14 %. This method chromatographically separated and quantified biologically relevant concentrations of four hormone classes using highly specific fragmentation patterns and measured certified values of hormones that were previously split into three separate chromatographic methods.
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11
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Dou M, García JM, Zhan S, Li X. Interfacial nano-biosensing in microfluidic droplets for high-sensitivity detection of low-solubility molecules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:3470-3. [PMID: 26759838 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09066k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Taking advantage of the properties of the high surface-area-to-volume ratio of microfluidic droplets, we developed an innovative interfacial nanosensing strategy based on aptamer-functionalized graphene oxide nanosensors in microfluidic droplets for the high-sensitivity one-step detection of 17β-estradiol and other low-solubility molecules, with the detection sensitivity improved by about 3 orders of magnitude compared to conventional systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maowei Dou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave., El Paso, Texas 79968, USA
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12
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Simultaneous enzymatic hydrolysis and extraction of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in fish bile using polyethersulfone polymer. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:7413-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8905-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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13
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Nyakubaya VT, Durney BC, Ellington MCG, Kantes AD, Reed PA, Walter SE, Stueckle JR, Holland LA. Quantification of circulating steroids in individual zebrafish using stacking to achieve nanomolar detection limits with capillary electrophoresis and UV-visible absorbance detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:6985-93. [PMID: 26041454 PMCID: PMC4551537 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8785-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis and UV-visible absorbance detection are used with sample stacking to achieve detection limits ranging from 0.2 to 2 ng/mL (0.8 to 6 nM) for steroids. Stacking is accomplished using negatively charged cyclodextrin steroid-carrier molecules at a discrete pH interface between the reconstituted sample and the separation electrolyte. Steroids are then separated in under 5 min using capillary electrophoresis that incorporates secondary equilibria via sodium dodecyl sulfate and cyclodextrin. The effectiveness of the method for measurements of multiple steroids in limited sample volumes is demonstrated in individual female fish with total circulating blood volumes of 5 μL or less. Steroid recoveries from plasma following a sample processing method developed with commercial extraction cartridges range from 81 to 109 % for 17α,20β-dihydroxy-pregn-4-en-3-one, testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone, estrone, 17β-estradiol, and 17α-ethinyl estradiol. When applied to reproductively active female zebrafish, changes were detected in the levels of circulating steroids as a result of exposure to different solvents and 17β-estradiol. Steroids are measured in individual zebrafish subject to chemical exposure ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent T Nyakubaya
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
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14
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Chiesa L, Nobile M, Panseri S, Sgoifo Rossi CA, Pavlovic R, Arioli F. Detection of boldenone, its conjugates and androstadienedione, as well as five corticosteroids in bovine bile through a unique immunoaffinity column clean-up and two validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analyses. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 852:137-45. [PMID: 25441890 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The presence of β-boldenone II phase metabolites and prednisolone in urine samples, owing to endogenous or natural origin or illicit treatment, is under debate within the European Union. The detection of β-boldenone conjugates, α-boldenone conjugates at concentrations higher than 2 ng mL(-1) and prednisolone above the cut-off level of 5 ng mL(-1) in urine have been, until now, critical in deciding if illegal drug use has occurred. The use of urine sometimes is not entirely satisfactory, especially when the drug is administrated at low doses or when its metabolic conversion is very fast. This subsequently would hamper its detection in urine. The introduction of a new, advantageous matrix where the illicit treatment can be investigated would be highly appreciated. In this study, we have developed and validated a simple and unique immunoaffinity clean-up procedure, which was applied to bovine bile samples, followed by two different analytical liquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry methods. The first method tests androstadienedione, α- and β-boldenone sulphate, glucuronate and related free forms, while the other method assays prednisolone, prednisone, dexamethasone, cortisone, and cortisol. The methods were validated according to European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The evaluated parameters were linearity, specificity, precision (repeatability and intra-laboratory reproducibility), recovery, decision limit and detection capability. The decision limits (CCα) were between 0.38 and 0.45 ng mL(-1) for anabolic steroids, and 0.13 and 0.15 ng mL(-1) as far as corticosteroids were concerned. Intra- and inter-day repeatability was below 15.8 and 19.9% for all analytes, respectively. The methods were applied to the analysis of some bile samples collected from untreated young bulls in order to investigate the presence of the studied steroids in this matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Chiesa
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - M Nobile
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - S Panseri
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C A Sgoifo Rossi
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - R Pavlovic
- Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - F Arioli
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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15
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Martyniuk CJ, Bissegger S, Langlois VS. Reprint of "Current perspectives on the androgen 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and 5 alpha-reductases in teleost fishes and amphibians". Gen Comp Endocrinol 2014; 203:10-20. [PMID: 24954687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The androgen 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is a steroidogenic metabolite that has received little attention in non-mammalian species. DHT is produced by the reduction of the double-bond of testosterone by a group of enzymes called 5 alpha-reductases of which there can be multiple isoforms (i.e., srd5a1, srd5a2, and srd5a3). Data from amphibians suggest that the expression of the srd5a genes occurs in early development, and continues until adulthood; however insufficient data exist in fish species, where DHT is thought to be relatively biologically inactive. Here, we demonstrate that fathead minnow (FHM; Pimephales promelas) developing embryos and adults express srd5a enzyme isoforms. During FHM embryogenesis, both srd5a1 and srd5a3 mRNA levels were significantly correlated in expression levels while srd5a2 showed a more unique pattern of expression. In adult FHMs, males had significantly higher levels of srd5a2 in the liver and gonad compared to females. In the male and female liver, transcript levels for srd5a2 were more abundant compared to srd5a1 and srd5a3, suggesting a prominent role for srd5a2 in this tissue. Interestingly, the ovary expressed higher mRNA levels of srd5a3 than the testis. Thus, data suggest that srd5a isoforms can show sexually dimorphic expression patterns in fish. We also conducted a literature review of the biological effects observed in embryonic and adult fish and amphibians after treatments with DHT and DHT-related compounds. Treatments with DHT in teleost fishes and amphibians have resulted in unexpected biological responses that are characteristic of both androgens and anti-androgens. For example, in fish DHT can induce vitellogenin in vitro from male and female hepatocytes and can increase 17β-estradiol production from the teleost ovary. We propose, that to generate further understanding of the roles of DHT in non-mammals, studies are needed that (1) address how DHT is synthesized within tissues of fish and amphibians; (2) examine the full range of biological responses to endogenous DHT, and its interactions with other signaling pathways; and (3) investigate how DHT production varies with reproductive stage. Lastly, we suggest that the Srd5a enzymes can be targets of endocrine disruptors in fish and frogs, which may result in disruptions in the estrogen:androgen balance in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonja Bissegger
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, ON K7K 7B4, Canada.
| | - Valérie S Langlois
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, ON K7K 7B4, Canada.
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16
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Samokhin AS, Perevozchikova DV, Revelsky AI, Virus ED, Sobolevsky TG, Rodchenkov GM, Revelsky IA. An improved approach to determining the yield of derivatization reaction and its application to the investigation of the silylation of some anabolic steroids. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934813140104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Martyniuk CJ, Bissegger S, Langlois VS. Current perspectives on the androgen 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and 5 alpha-reductases in teleost fishes and amphibians. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 194:264-74. [PMID: 24095809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The androgen 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is a steroidogenic metabolite that has received little attention in non-mammalian species. DHT is produced by the reduction of the double-bond of testosterone by a group of enzymes called 5 alpha-reductases of which there can be multiple isoforms (i.e., srd5a1, srd5a2, and srd5a3). Data from amphibians suggest that the expression of the srd5a genes occurs in early development, and continues until adulthood; however insufficient data exist in fish species, where DHT is thought to be relatively biologically inactive. Here, we demonstrate that fathead minnow (FHM; Pimephales promelas) developing embryos and adults express srd5a enzyme isoforms. During FHM embryogenesis, both srd5a1 and srd5a3 mRNA levels were significantly correlated in expression levels while srd5a2 showed a more unique pattern of expression. In adult FHMs, males had significantly higher levels of srd5a2 in the liver and gonad compared to females. In the male and female liver, transcript levels for srd5a2 were more abundant compared to srd5a1 and srd5a3, suggesting a prominent role for srd5a2 in this tissue. Interestingly, the ovary expressed higher mRNA levels of srd5a3 than the testis. Thus, data suggest that srd5a isoforms can show sexually dimorphic expression patterns in fish. We also conducted a literature review of the biological effects observed in embryonic and adult fish and amphibians after treatments with DHT and DHT-related compounds. Treatments with DHT in teleost fishes and amphibians have resulted in unexpected biological responses that are characteristic of both androgens and anti-androgens. For example, in fish DHT can induce vitellogenin in vitro from male and female hepatocytes and can increase 17β-estradiol production from the teleost ovary. We propose, that to generate further understanding of the roles of DHT in non-mammals, studies are needed that (1) address how DHT is synthesized within tissues of fish and amphibians; (2) examine the full range of biological responses to endogenous DHT, and its interactions with other signaling pathways; and (3) investigate how DHT production varies with reproductive stage. Lastly, we suggest that the Srd5a enzymes can be targets of endocrine disruptors in fish and frogs, which may result in disruptions in the estrogen:androgen balance in aquatic organisms.
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18
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Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry determination of pharmacologically active substances in urine and blood samples by use of a continuous solid-phase extraction system and microwave-assisted derivatization. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 891-892:12-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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19
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Li K, Wang H, Brant CO, Ahn S, Li W. Multiplex quantification of lamprey specific bile acid derivatives in environmental water using UHPLC–MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:3879-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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20
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Samokhin AS, Revel’skii AI, Viryus ED, Sobolevskii TG, Rodchenkov GM, Chepelyanskii DA, Revel’skii IA. A new approach to determining derivatization degree and its use for the investigation of silylation of methyltestosterone in nano-/microgram amounts. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934811120082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Hala D, Overturf M, Petersen L, Huggett D. Quantification of 2-hydrazinopyridine derivatized steroid hormones in fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) blood plasma using LC-ESI+/MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:591-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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22
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Simultaneous determination of estrogenic and androgenic hormones in water by isotope dilution gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:1668-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry-based simultaneous quantitative analytical method for urinary oxysterols and bile acids in rats. Anal Biochem 2011; 408:242-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Kubesová A, Horká M, Růžička F, Slais K, Glatz Z. Separation of attogram terpenes by the capillary zone electrophoresis with fluorometric detection. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:7288-92. [PMID: 20933239 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 09/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An original method based on capillary zone electrophoresis with fluorimetric detection has been developed for the determination of terpenic compounds. The method is based on the separation of a terpenes dynamically labeled by the non-ionogenic tenside poly(ethylene glycol) pyrenebutanoate, which was used previously for the labeling of biopolymers. The background electrolytes were composed of taurine-Tris buffer (pH 8.4). In addition to the non-ionogenic tenside aceton and poly(ethylene glycol) were used as the additives. The capillary zone electrophoresis with fluorometric detection at the excitation wavelength 335 nm and the emission wavelength 463 nm was successfully applied to the analysis of tonalid, cholesterol, vitamin A, ergosterol, estrone and farnesol at level of 10(-17) mol L(-1). Farnesol, is produced by Candida albicans as an extracellular quorum-sensing molecule that influences expression of a number of virulence factors, especially morphogenesis and biofilm formation. It enables this yeast to cause serious nosocomial infections. The sensitivity of this method was demonstrated on the separation of farnesol directly from the cultivation medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kubesová
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the ASCR, v.v.i., Veveří 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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25
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Bykova L, Archer-Hartmann SA, Holland LA, Iwanowicz LR, Blazer VS. Steroid determination in fish plasma using capillary electrophoresis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2010; 29:1950-1956. [PMID: 20821652 DOI: 10.1002/etc.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A capillary separation method that incorporates pH-mediated stacking is employed for the simultaneous determination of circulating steroid hormones in plasma from Perca flavescens (yellow perch) collected from natural aquatic environments. The method can be applied to separate eight steroid standards: progesterone, 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one, 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone, estrone, 11-ketotestosterone, ethynyl estradiol, and 17beta-estradiol. Based on screening of plasma, the performance of the analytical method was determined for 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one, testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone, and 17beta-estradiol. The within-day reproducibility in migration time for these four steroids in aqueous samples was < or =2%. Steroid quantification was accomplished using a calibration curve obtained with external standards. Plasma samples from fish collected from the Choptank and Severn Rivers, Maryland, USA, stored for up to one year were extracted with ethyl acetate and then further processed with anion exchange and hydrophobic solid phase extraction cartridges. The recovery of testosterone and 17beta-estradiol from yellow perch plasma was 84 and 85%, respectively. Endogenous levels of testosterone ranged from 0.9 to 44 ng/ml, and when detected 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one ranged from 5 to 34 ng/ml. The reported values for testosterone correlated well with the immunoassay technique. Endogenous concentrations of 17beta-estradiol were < or =1.7 ng/ml. 11-Ketotestosterone was not quantified because of a suspected interferant. Higher levels of 17alpha,20beta-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one were found in male and female fish in which 17beta-estradiol was not detected. Monitoring multiple steroids can provide insight into hormonal fluctuations in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya Bykova
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506 USA
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26
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Dévier MH, Labadie P, Togola A, Budzinski H. Simple methodology coupling microwave-assisted extraction to SPE/GC/MS for the analysis of natural steroids in biological tissues: Application to the monitoring of endogenous steroids in marine mussels Mytilus sp. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 657:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Revised: 10/11/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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27
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Enhancement of chemical derivatization of steroids by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:3237-42. [PMID: 19692297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2009] [Revised: 07/26/2009] [Accepted: 08/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Steroid derivatization was investigated by varying the experimental parameters (reagent, reaction time, and reaction temperature) to determine the optimal conditions for individual steroids, and for larger subsets. Three methods of derivatization enhancement were also investigated: the use of sonication, the use of a microwave heating, and the addition of solvents to the reaction mixture. On a comprehensive level, derivatization using N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyl-trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA) was most efficient, while the application of solvent addition and microwave heating, in several cases, provided a clear enhancement. In addition, generalized rules for steroid derivatization are described.
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28
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Chemical and biological analysis of estrogenic, progestagenic and androgenic steroids in the environment. Trends Analyt Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2009.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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A quantitative HPLC–MS method for the simultaneous determination of testosterone, 11-ketotestosterone and 11-β hydroxyandrostenedione in fish serum. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:1509-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2008] [Revised: 03/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Porcu P, O'Buckley TK, Alward SE, Marx CE, Shampine LJ, Girdler SS, Morrow AL. Simultaneous quantification of GABAergic 3alpha,5alpha/3alpha,5beta neuroactive steroids in human and rat serum. Steroids 2009; 74:463-73. [PMID: 19171160 PMCID: PMC2832187 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2008.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2008] [Revised: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The 3alpha,5alpha- and 3alpha,5beta-reduced derivatives of progesterone, deoxycorticosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone enhance GABAergic neurotransmission and produce inhibitory neurobehavioral and anti-inflammatory effects. Despite substantial information on the progesterone derivative (3alpha,5alpha)-3-hydroxypregnan-20-one (3alpha,5alpha-THP, allopregnanolone), the physiological significance of the other endogenous GABAergic neuroactive steroids has remained elusive. Here, we describe the validation of a method using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to simultaneously identify serum levels of the eight 3alpha,5alpha- and 3alpha,5beta-reduced derivatives of progesterone, deoxycorticosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and testosterone. The method shows specificity, sensitivity and enhanced throughput compared to other methods already available for neuroactive steroid quantification. Administration of pregnenolone to rats and progesterone to women produced selective effects on the 3alpha,5alpha- and 3alpha,5beta-reduced neuroactive steroids, indicating differential regulation of their biosynthetic pathways. Pregnenolone administration increased serum levels of 3alpha,5alpha-THP (+1488%, p<0.001), (3alpha,5alpha)-3,21-dihydroxypregnan-20-one (3alpha,5alpha-THDOC, +205%, p<0.01), (3alpha,5alpha)-3-hydroxyandrostan-17-one (3alpha,5alpha-A, +216%, p<0.001), (3alpha,5alpha,17beta)-androstane-3,17-diol (3alpha,5alpha-A-diol, +190%, p<0.01). (3alpha,5beta)-3-hydroxypregnan-20-one (3alpha,5beta-THP) and (3alpha,5beta)-3-hydroxyandrostan-17-one (3alpha,5beta-A) were not altered, while (3alpha,5beta)-3,21-dihydroxypregnan-20-one (3alpha,5beta-THDOC) and (3alpha,5beta,17beta)-androstane-3,17-diol (3alpha,5beta-A-diol) were increased from undetectable levels to 271+/-100 and 2.4+/-0.9 pg+/-SEM, respectively (5/8 rats). Progesterone administration increased serum levels of 3alpha,5alpha-THP (+1806%, p<0.0001), 3alpha,5beta-THP (+575%, p<0.001), 3alpha,5alpha-THDOC (+309%, p<0.001). 3alpha,5beta-THDOC levels were increased by 307%, although this increase was not significant because this steroid was detected only in 3/16 control subjects. Levels of 3alpha,5alpha-A, 3alpha,5beta-A and pregnenolone were not altered. This method can be used to investigate the physiological and pathological role of neuroactive steroids and to develop biomarkers and new therapeutics for neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Porcu
- Department of Psychiatry and Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA
| | - Todd K. O'Buckley
- Department of Psychiatry and Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA
| | - Sarah E. Alward
- Department of Psychiatry and Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA
| | - Christine E. Marx
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Lawrence J. Shampine
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Susan S. Girdler
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA
| | - A. Leslie Morrow
- Department of Psychiatry and Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7178, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya Bykova
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Lisa A. Holland
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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32
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Muñiz-Valencia R, Ceballos-Magaña SG, Gonzalo-Lumbreras R, Santos-Montes A, Izquierdo-Hornillos R. A liquid chromatography method using a monolithic column for the determination of corticoids in animal feed and animal feeding water. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:2683-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2008] [Revised: 04/24/2008] [Accepted: 05/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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33
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Shama N, Bai SW, Chung BC, Jung BH. Quantitative determination of progesterones and corticosteroids in human urine using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry: application to pelvic organ prolapse patients. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2008; 22:959-964. [PMID: 18320550 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative analytical method using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to determine urinary concentrations of eight progesterones and corticosteroids has been developed. After enzymatic hydrolysis with beta-glucouronidase/arylsulfatase, urine samples were extracted by simple one-step solid-phase extraction. Obtained extracts were derivatized with a mixture of N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide/ammonium iodide/dithiothreitol and determined by GC/MS in selected ion monitoring mode to increase the sensitivity. d(4)-Cortisol and d(9)-progesterone were used as internal standards for two different steroid groups. The linear correlation coefficient was in the range of 0.9913 to 0.9998 and recoveries were over 80% for all compounds. Precision and accuracy were in the range of 0.9-18.1 and 84.1-118.7%, respectively. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 10 ng/mL for 11-deoxycorticosterone and 21-deoxycortisol and 5 ng/mL for all other analytes. The developed method was successfully applied on pelvic organ prolapsed patients (n = 10, age: 67.9 +/- 4.9) and post-menopausal (n = 10, age: 63.6 +/- 5.5) control women. Urinary levels of most progesterones and corticosteroids except 11-deoxycorticosterone decreased but only that of 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone significantly decreased in patients compared with the control groups. Thus, it is concluded that progesterones could be a factor in the pathogenesis of pelvic organ prolapse, and, among them, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone could be a biomarker for pelvic organ prolapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naz Shama
- Bioanalysis and Biotransformation Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul, 130-650, South Korea
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34
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Togola A, Budzinski H. Multi-residue analysis of pharmaceutical compounds in aqueous samples. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1177:150-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.10.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2007] [Revised: 10/21/2007] [Accepted: 10/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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35
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Togola A, Budzinski H. Analytical development for analysis of pharmaceuticals in water samples by SPE and GC-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 388:627-35. [PMID: 17443314 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2006] [Revised: 02/27/2007] [Accepted: 03/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An analytical procedure involving solid-phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been developed for determination of pharmaceutical compounds (aspirin, caffeine, carbamazepine, diclofenac, ketoprofen, naproxen, ibuprofen, clofibrate, clofibric acid, and gemfibrozil) in a variety of aqueous samples (wastewater and surface water). After filtration, samples were extracted and concentrated using C(18) or HLB cartridges, depending on the type of compound. Sample storage conditions were checked and optimized to ensure preservation of the pharmaceutical substance, taking into consideration environmental sampling conditions. For most of the pharmaceuticals monitored, recovery was in the range 53 to 99% and the variability was below 15% for the complete procedure, with limits of detection ranging from 0.4 to 2.5 ng L(-1), depending on the compound. The methods were successfully applied to monitoring of pharmaceutical contamination of the Seine estuary. Concentrations varied from several dozens of nanograms per liter for surface waters to several hundreds of nanograms per liter for wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Togola
- University of Bordeaux 1, CNRS, LPTC, UMR 5472, 351 crs de la Libération, 33405, Talence, France.
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36
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Breen MS, Villeneuve DL, Breen M, Ankley GT, Conolly RB. Mechanistic Computational Model of Ovarian Steroidogenesis to Predict Biochemical Responses to Endocrine Active Compounds. Ann Biomed Eng 2007; 35:970-81. [PMID: 17436109 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-007-9309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2006] [Accepted: 03/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Sex steroids, which have an important role in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes, are synthesized primarily in the gonads and adrenal glands through a series of enzyme-mediated reactions. The activity of steroidogenic enzymes can be altered by a variety of endocrine active compounds (EAC), some of which are therapeutics and others that are environmental contaminants. A steady-state computational model of the intraovarian metabolic network was developed to predict the synthesis and secretion of testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2), and their responses to EAC. Model predictions were compared to data from an in vitro steroidogenesis assay with ovary explants from a small fish model, the fathead minnow. Model parameters were estimated using an iterative optimization algorithm. Model-predicted concentrations of T and E2 closely correspond to the time-course data from baseline (control) experiments, and dose-response data from experiments with the EAC, fadrozole (FAD). A sensitivity analysis of the model parameters identified specific transport and metabolic processes that most influence the concentrations of T and E2, which included uptake of cholesterol into the ovary, secretion of androstenedione (AD) from the ovary, and conversions of AD to T, and AD to estrone (E1). The sensitivity analysis also indicated the E1 pathway as the preferred pathway for E2 synthesis, as compared to the T pathway. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of using the steroidogenesis model to predict T and E2 concentrations, in vitro, while reducing model complexity with a steady-state assumption. This capability could be useful for pharmaceutical development and environmental health assessments with EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Breen
- National Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
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37
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Ogawa M, Saito Y, Ueta I, Jinno K. Fiber-packed needle for dynamic extraction of aromatic compounds. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 388:619-25. [PMID: 17393146 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1255-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2006] [Revised: 03/06/2007] [Accepted: 03/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A fiber-packed needle was developed as a novel extraction device for gas-chromatographic analysis of trace organic compounds in aqueous samples. In the extraction device, a bundle of the polymer-coated filaments as the sorbent material was longitudinally packed into a specially designed needle. The extraction was made by pumping the aqueous sample solution into the needle extraction device, and the subsequent desorption process was carried out with a flow of desorption solvent through the needle in a heated gas chromatograph injector. The needle device showed an excellent thermal stability for repeated use without any deterioration of extraction performance, and no carryover effect was observed after the optimization of the desorption conditions. Additionally, the extraction efficiency of the fiber-packed needle could be enhanced by optimizing the number of packed filaments. The selectivity for various compounds could be also tuned using an appropriate combination of the fibrous medium and the coating polymer. The relative standard deviation for run to run was from 3.88 to 4.55% (n = 5), and that for needle to needle was 7.21% (n = 3), clearly suggesting a good repeatability of the needle extraction technique developed. Upon successful optimization of the extraction conditions, a rapid extraction of trace organic compounds from an aqueous sample matrix was successfully demonstrated, where each extraction process was completed within 10 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Ogawa
- School of Materials Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
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