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Wiggenhauser M, Illmer D, Spiess E, Holzkämper A, Prasuhn V, Liebisch F. Cadmium, zinc, and copper leaching rates determined in large monolith lysimeters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171482. [PMID: 38471584 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Soil mass balances are used to assess the risk of trace metals that are inadvertently applied with fertilizers into agroecosystems. The accuracy of such balances is limited by leaching rates, as they are difficult to measure. Here, we used monolith lysimeters to precisely determine Cd, Cu, and Zn leaching rates in 2021 and 2022. The large lysimeters (n = 12, 1 m diameter, 1.35 m depth) included one soil type (cambisol, weakly acidic) and distinct cropping systems with three experimental replicates. Stable isotope tracers were applied to determine the direct transfer of these trace metals from the soil surface into the seepage water. The annual leaching rates ranged from 0.04 to 0.30 for Cd, 2.65 to 11.7 for Cu, and 7.27 to 39.0 g (ha a)-1 for Zn. These leaching rates were up to four times higher in the year with several heavy rain periods compared to the dry year. Monthly resolved data revealed that distinct climatic conditions in combination with crop development have a strong impact on trace metal leaching rates. In contrast, fertilization strategy (e.g., conventional vs. organic) had a minor effect on leaching rates. Trace metal leaching rates were up to 10 times smaller than fertilizer inputs and had therefore a minor impact on soil mass balances. This was further confirmed with isotope source tracing that showed that only small fractions of Cd, Cu, and Zn were directly transferred from the soil surface to the leached seepage water within two years (< 0.07 %). A comparison with models that predict Cd leaching rates in the EU suggests that the models overestimate the Cd soil output with seepage water. Hence, monolith lysimeters can help to refine leaching models and thereby also soil mass balances that are used to assess the risk of trace metals inputs with fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Wiggenhauser
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Eschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland.
| | - David Illmer
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Eschikon 33, CH-8315 Lindau, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Spiess
- Water Protection and Substance Flows, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annelie Holzkämper
- Water Protection and Substance Flows, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland; University of Bern, Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, Hochschulstrasse 4, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Volker Prasuhn
- Water Protection and Substance Flows, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Liebisch
- Water Protection and Substance Flows, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
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Motz RN, Guo C, Sargun A, Walker GT, Sassone-Corsi M, Raffatellu M, Nolan EM. Conjugation to Native and Nonnative Triscatecholate Siderophores Enhances Delivery and Antibacterial Activity of a β-Lactam to Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:7708-7722. [PMID: 38457782 PMCID: PMC11037102 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Developing new antibiotics and delivery strategies is of critical importance for treating infections caused by Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Hijacking bacterial iron uptake machinery, such as that of the siderophore enterobactin (Ent), represents one promising approach toward these goals. Here, we report a novel Ent-inspired siderophore-antibiotic conjugate (SAC) employing an alternative siderophore moiety as the delivery vector and demonstrate the potency of our SACs harboring the β-lactam antibiotic ampicillin (Amp) against multiple pathogenic Gram-negative bacterial strains. We establish the ability of N,N',N''-(nitrilotris(ethane-2,1-diyl))tris(2,3-dihydroxybenzamide) (TRENCAM, hereafter TC), a synthetic mimic of Ent, to facilitate drug delivery across the outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative pathogens. Conjugation of Amp to a new monofunctionalized TC scaffold affords TC-Amp, which displays markedly enhanced antibacterial activity against the gastrointestinal pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (STm) compared with unmodified Amp. Bacterial uptake, antibiotic susceptibility, and microscopy studies with STm show that the TC moiety facilitates TC-Amp uptake by the OM receptors FepA and IroN and that the Amp warhead inhibits penicillin-binding proteins. Moreover, TC-Amp achieves targeted activity, selectively killing STm in the presence of a commensal lactobacillus. Remarkably, we uncover that TC-Amp and its Ent-based predecessor Ent-Amp achieve enhanced antibacterial activity against diverse Gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens that express Ent uptake machinery, including strains that possess intrinsic β-lactam resistance. TC-Amp and Ent-Amp exhibit potency comparable to that of the FDA-approved SAC cefiderocol against Gram-negative pathogens. These results demonstrate the effective application of native and appropriately designed nonnative siderophores as vectors for drug delivery across the OM of multiple Gram-negative bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel N. Motz
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Chuchu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Artur Sargun
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Gregory T. Walker
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Martina Sassone-Corsi
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Manuela Raffatellu
- Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Chiba University-UC San Diego Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy, and Vaccines, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Elizabeth M. Nolan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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3
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Chemometrics-assisted inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry method for determination of natural zinc isotopes. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08756-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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4
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Chang XL, Chen L, Liu B, Yang ST, Wang H, Cao A, Chen C. Stable isotope labeling of nanomaterials for biosafety evaluation and drug development. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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5
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Tose LV, Ramirez CE, Michalkova V, Nouzova M, Noriega FG, Fernandez-Lima F. Coupling Stable Isotope Labeling and Liquid Chromatography-Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Time-of-Flight-Tandem Mass Spectrometry for De Novo Mosquito Ovarian Lipid Studies. Anal Chem 2022; 94:6139-6145. [PMID: 35420029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There is a need to better understand lipid metabolism during mosquito ovarian development. Lipids are the major source of energy supporting ovarian follicles development in mosquitoes. In this paper, we describe the complementary use of stable isotope labeling (SIL) and high-resolution mass spectrometry-based tools for the investigation of de novo triglycerides (TG) and diglycerides (DG) during the ovarian previtellogenic (PVG) stage (4-6 days posteclosion) of female adult Aedes aegypti. Liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution trapped ion mobility spectrometry-parallel accumulation sequential fragmentation-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC-TIMS-PASEF-TOF MS/MS) allowed the separation and quantification of nonlabeled and 2H/13C-labeled TG and DG species. Three SIL strategies were evaluated (H2O/2H2O with 50:50 and 95:5 mixtures, 13C-sucrose, and 13C-glucose). Results showed wide applicability with no signs of lipid ovarian impairment by SIL induced toxicity. The analytical workflow based on LC-TIMS-TOF MS/MS provided high confidence and high reproducibility for lipid DG and TG identification and SIL incorporation based on their separation by retention time (RT), collision cross section (CCS), and accurate m/z. In addition, the SIL fatty acid chain incorporation was evaluated using PASEF MS/MS. The 2H/13C incorporation into the mosquito diet provided information on how TG lipids are consumed, stored, and recycled during the PVG stage of ovarian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian V Tose
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Cesar E Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Veronika Michalkova
- Institute of Zoology SAS, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 06, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Marcela Nouzova
- Biology Center of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Parasitology, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.,Department of Biological Sciences, Biomolecular Science Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Fernando G Noriega
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biomolecular Science Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Francisco Fernandez-Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
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6
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Doherty CL, Buckley BT. Translating Analytical Techniques in Geochemistry to Environmental Health. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092821. [PMID: 34068689 PMCID: PMC8126036 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
From human health exposure related to environmental contamination to ancient deep-Earth processes related to differentiation of the Earth's geochemical reservoirs, the adaptability of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has proven to be an indispensable standard technique that transcends disciplines. Continued advancements in ICP-MS, including improved auxiliary applications such as laser ablation (LA), ion/liquid chromatography (IC), automated pre-concentration systems (e.g., seaFAST), and improved desolvating nebulizer systems (e.g., Aridus and Apex) have revolutionized our ability to analyze almost any sample matrix with remarkable precision at exceedingly low elemental abundances. The versatility in ICP-MS applications allows for effective interdisciplinary crossover, opening a world of analytical possibilities. In this communication, we discuss the adaptability of geochemical techniques, including sample preparation and analysis, to environmental and biological systems, using Pb isotopes for source apportionment as a primary example.
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Yester JW, Liu H, Gyngard F, Ammanamanchi N, Little KC, Thomas D, Sullivan MLG, Lal S, Steinhauser ML, Kühn B. Use of stable isotope-tagged thymidine and multi-isotope imaging mass spectrometry (MIMS) for quantification of human cardiomyocyte division. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:1995-2022. [PMID: 33627842 PMCID: PMC8221415 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-00477-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Quantification of cellular proliferation in humans is important for understanding biology and responses to injury and disease. However, existing methods require administration of tracers that cannot be ethically administered in humans. We present a protocol for the direct quantification of cellular proliferation in human hearts. The protocol involves administration of non-radioactive, non-toxic stable isotope 15Nitrogen-enriched thymidine (15N-thymidine), which is incorporated into DNA during S-phase, in infants with tetralogy of Fallot, a common form of congenital heart disease. Infants with tetralogy of Fallot undergo surgical repair, which requires the removal of pieces of myocardium that would otherwise be discarded. This protocol allows for the quantification of cardiomyocyte proliferation in this discarded tissue. We quantitatively analyzed the incorporation of 15N-thymidine with multi-isotope imaging spectrometry (MIMS) at a sub-nuclear resolution, which we combined with correlative confocal microscopy to quantify formation of binucleated cardiomyocytes and cardiomyocytes with polyploid nuclei. The entire protocol spans 3-8 months, which is dependent on the timing of surgical repair, and 3-4.5 researcher days. This protocol could be adapted to study cellular proliferation in a variety of human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie W Yester
- Division of Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh and Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Honghai Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh and Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Frank Gyngard
- Center for NanoImaging, Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Niyatie Ammanamanchi
- Division of Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh and Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kathryn C Little
- Clinical Research Support Services (CRSS), UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh and Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Shadyside Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dawn Thomas
- Clinical Research Support Services (CRSS), UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh and Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mara L G Sullivan
- Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sean Lal
- Division of Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh and Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for NanoImaging, Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Division of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew L Steinhauser
- Center for NanoImaging, Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- UPMC Heart and Vascular Institute, UPMC Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Bridgeside Point 1, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Bernhard Kühn
- Division of Cardiology, Pediatric Institute for Heart Regeneration and Therapeutics (I-HRT), UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh and Department of Pediatrics, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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8
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Abstract
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a sensitive instrumental analysis technique used for multielemental and isotopic determination. Here we provide a sample preparation and circadian ICP-MS analysis protocol for use with mammalian tissues and cells, using mouse fibroblasts as a case study.
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9
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High-Fidelity Quantification of Cell Cycle Activity with Multi-Isotope Imaging Mass Spectrometry. Methods Mol Biol 2020. [PMID: 32857379 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0668-1_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The quantification of cell cycle activity is a prerequisite to defining the dynamics and scope of organ development or regeneration. Multi-isotope imaging mass spectrometry (MIMS) merges stable isotope tracers with an imaging mass spectrometry platform called NanoSIMS, which can quantitatively measure the incorporation of stable isotope tracers with high precision in suborganelle domains. MIMS has been applied to quantify the dynamics of postnatal cardiogenesis and mammalian cardiomyocyte regeneration during aging or in response to injury. Here, we present an approach to the conduct of MIMS experiments, with an emphasis on the application to the field of cardiac regeneration; however, the approach is also applicable, with, at most, minor modifications to broader biological questions.
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10
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Gyngard F, Steinhauser ML. Biological explorations with nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY 2019; 34:1534-1545. [PMID: 34054180 PMCID: PMC8158666 DOI: 10.1039/c9ja00171a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of biological processes at the single cell or subcellular level is critical in order to better understand heterogenous cell populations. Nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) enables multiplexed, quantitative imaging of the elemental composition of a sample surface at high resolution (< 50 nm). Through measurement of two different isotopic variants of any given element, NanoSIMS provides nanoscale isotope ratio measurements. When coupled with stable isotope tracer methods, the measurement of isotope ratios functionally illuminates biochemical pathways at suborganelle resolution. In this review, we describe the practical application of NanoSIMS to study biological processes in organisms ranging from microbes to humans, highlighting experimental applications that have provided insight that is largely unattainable by other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Gyngard
- Center for NanoImaging, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Matthew L Steinhauser
- Center for NanoImaging, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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11
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Rodríguez-Menéndez S, Fernández B, González-Iglesias H, García M, Álvarez L, García Alonso JI, Pereiro R. Isotopically Enriched Tracers and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Methodologies to Study Zinc Supplementation in Single-Cells of Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Vitro. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4488-4495. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rodríguez-Menéndez
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Fernández
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Héctor González-Iglesias
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, Avenida Doctores Fernández-Vega, 34, 33012, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Montserrat García
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, Avenida Doctores Fernández-Vega, 34, 33012, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Lydia Álvarez
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain
| | - José Ignacio García Alonso
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rosario Pereiro
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto Universitario Fernández-Vega (Fundación de Investigación Oftalmológica, Universidad de Oviedo), 33012 Oviedo, Spain
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Dürr-Auster T, Wiggenhauser M, Zeder C, Schulin R, Weiss DJ, Frossard E. The Use of Q-ICPMS to Apply Enriched Zinc Stable Isotope Source Tracing for Organic Fertilizers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1382. [PMID: 31850000 PMCID: PMC6903772 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic fertilizer applications can contribute to Zinc (Zn) biofortification of crops. An enriched stable isotope source tracing approach is a central tool to further determine the potential of this biofortification measure. Here, we assessed the use of the widely available quadrupole single-collector ICPMS (Q-ICPMS, analytical error = 1% relative standard deviation) and the less accessible but more precise multicollector ICPMS as reference instrument (MC-ICPMS, analytical error = 0.01% relative standard deviation) to measure enriched Zn stable isotope ratios in soil-fertilizer-plant systems. The isotope label was either applied to the fertilizer (direct method) or to the soil available Zn pool that was determined by isotope ratios measurements of the shoots that grew on labeled soils without fertilizer addition (indirect method). The latter approach is used to trace Zn that was added to soils with complex insoluble organic fertilizers that are difficult to label homogeneously. To reduce isobaric interferences during Zn isotope measurements, ion exchange chromatography was used to separate the Zn from the sample matrix. The 67Zn:66Zn isotope ratios altered from 0.148 at natural abundance to 1.561 in the fertilizer of the direct method and 0.218 to 0.305 in soil available Zn of the indirect method. Analysis of the difference (Bland-Altman) between the two analytical instruments revealed that the variation between 67Zn:66Zn isotope ratios measured with Q-ICPMS and MC-ICPMS were on average 0.08% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.68%]. The fractions of Zn derived from the fertilizer in the plant were on average 0.16% higher (CI = 0.49%) when analyzed with Q- compared to MC-ICPMS. The sample matrix had a larger impact on isotope measurements than the choice of analytical instrument, as non-purified samples resulted on average 5.79% (CI = 9.47%) higher isotope ratios than purified samples. Furthermore, the gain in analytical precision using MC-ICPMS instead of Q-ICPMS was small compared to the experimental precision. Thus, Zn isotope measurements of purified samples measured with Q-ICPMS is a valid method to trace Zn sources in soil-fertilizer-plant systems. For the indirect source tracing approach, we outlined strategies to sufficiently enrich the soil with Zn isotopes without significantly altering the soil available Zn pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilo Dürr-Auster
- Group of Plant Nutrition, Department of Environmental System Science, Institute for Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Wiggenhauser
- Group of Plant Nutrition, Department of Environmental System Science, Institute for Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Geochemistry Group, Institut des Sciences de la Terre, CRNS, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Zeder
- Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Schulin
- Soil Protection, Department of Environmental System Science, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik J. Weiss
- Environmental Geochemistry, Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel Frossard
- Group of Plant Nutrition, Department of Environmental System Science, Institute for Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Emmanuel Frossard,
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Lobo L, Pereiro R, Fernández B. Opportunities and challenges of isotopic analysis by laser ablation ICP-MS in biological studies. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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14
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La Clair JJ. Encoding matter with regiospecific 12C/ 13C isotopic labels. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:2611-2614. [PMID: 29417122 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00080h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Society suffers due to an inability to regulate matter. This study presents a practical tool for the encryption of materials by adjusting the levels of 13C at regiospecific atoms within a molecule to generate a stable-isotopically encoded signature. This system is demonstrated by securing a document by adapting natural product chemistry as an encryption device. This approach delivers a complex signal that would be difficult to intercept due to the need for access to extraction protocols, sophisticated NMR instrumentation and a vital level of prior knowledge. Overall, this discovery offers an important tool to monitor and track valuable entities on our planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J La Clair
- Xenobe Research Institute, P. O. Box 3052, San Diego, CA 92163-1052, USA.
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15
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Montes-Bayón M, Bettmer J. The Use of Stable Isotopic Tracers in Metallomics Studies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1055:111-137. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-90143-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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16
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Guillermier C, Poczatek JC, Taylor WR, Steinhauser ML. Quantitative imaging of deuterated metabolic tracers in biological tissues with nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 422:42-50. [PMID: 29276427 PMCID: PMC5739342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijms.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In the field of secondary ion mass spectrometry at nanometer scale (NanoSIMS), configuration of parallel detectors to routinely measure isotope ratios in sub-100 nm domains brings classical stable isotope tracer studies from the whole tissue level down to the suborganelle level. Over the past decade, the marriage of stable isotope tracers with NanoSIMS has been applied to a range of fundamental biological questions that were largely inaccessible by other means. Although multiplexed measurement of different stable isotope tracers is feasible, in practice there remains a gap in the current analytical capacity to efficiently measure stable isotopes commonly utilized in tracer studies. One such example is the measurement of deuterated tracers. The most obvious approach to measuring deuterium/hydrogen isotope ratios is at mass 2/1. However, the radius of the magnetic sector limits concomitant measurement of other masses critical to multiplexed exploration of biological samples. Here we determine the experimental parameters to measure deuterated tracers in biological samples using the C2H- polyatomic ion species (C2D-/C2H-) while operating the NanoSIMS at a reduced Mass Resolving Power of 14,000. Through control of the sputtering parameters, we demonstrate that there is an analytical window during which the C2D-/C2H- isotope ratio can be measured with sufficient precision for biological studies where the degree of D-labeling is typically well above natural abundance. We provide validation of this method by comparing the C2D measurement of D-water labeling in the murine small intestine relative to measurements of native D/H conducted in the same analytical fields. Additional proof-of-concept demonstrations include measurement of D-water, D-glucose, and D-thymidine in biological specimens. Therefore, this study provides a practical template for deuterium-based tracer studies in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Guillermier
- Center for NanoImaging, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Cambridge MA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - J. Collin Poczatek
- Center for NanoImaging, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Cambridge MA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Walter R. Taylor
- Center for NanoImaging, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Cambridge MA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Matthew L. Steinhauser
- Center for NanoImaging, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Cambridge MA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge MA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge MA
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Jainandunsing S, van Miert JNI, Rietveld T, Darcos Wattimena JL, Sijbrands EJG, de Rooij FWM. A stable isotope method for in vivo assessment of human insulin synthesis and secretion. Acta Diabetol 2016; 53:935-944. [PMID: 27552831 PMCID: PMC5114334 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-016-0896-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In vitro, beta cells immediately secrete stored but readily releasable insulin in response to a rise of glucose. During a prolonged insulin response, this is followed by newly synthesized insulin. Our aim was to develop an in vivo test to determine the ratio between readily available and newly synthesized insulin after a stimulus in humans by labelling newly synthesized insulin. METHODS A stable isotope tracer of 1.0 g 13C leucine with C-peptide as target peptide was administered 45 min prior to 75 g glucose load of a frequently blood sampled 210-min oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Our OGTT also encompassed collection of urine, which has a high content of C-peptide. Prior, the optimal conditions under which the tracer 13C leucine was administered for enrichment of (pre) proinsulin were established. Also, techniques to obtain urinary C-peptide under highly purified circumstances were set up. Our main outcome measure was the stable isotope enrichment of de novo C-peptide, which we related to early plasma insulin and glucose AUC. Twelve healthy Caucasian individuals (M4F8, age 41.8 ± 2.3, BMI 28.3 ± 1.7) with normal glucose tolerance underwent our OGTT. RESULTS We found that during a 75-g OGTT, newly synthesized insulin contributed approximately 20 % of total insulin secretion. The pattern of isotope enrichment obtained by collecting multiple urine voids was suggestive that the newly synthesized insulin contributes to the late phase of insulin secretion. De novo C-peptide correlated negatively with both early plasma insulin AUC (r = -0.629, P = 0.028) and early plasma glucose AUC (r = -0.605, P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS With stable isotope technique added to OGTT, we were able to measure newly synthesized insulin in healthy individuals. This new technique holds the promise that it is feasible to develop a direct in vivo beta cell function test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjaam Jainandunsing
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Room Na512, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joram N I van Miert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Room Na512, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trinet Rietveld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Room Na512, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J L Darcos Wattimena
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Room Na512, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric J G Sijbrands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Room Na512, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Felix W M de Rooij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center Rotterdam, Room Na512, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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18
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Application of non-traditional stable isotopes in analytical ecogeochemistry assessed by MC ICP-MS - A critical review. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 408:369-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9025-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Wiederhold JG. Metal stable isotope signatures as tracers in environmental geochemistry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:2606-24. [PMID: 25640608 DOI: 10.1021/es504683e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The biogeochemical cycling of metals in natural systems is often accompanied by stable isotope fractionation which can now be measured due to recent analytical advances. In consequence, a new research field has emerged over the last two decades, complementing the traditional stable isotope systems (H, C, O, N, S) with many more elements across the periodic table (Li, B, Mg, Si, Cl, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ge, Se, Br, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Te, Ba, W, Pt, Hg, Tl, U) which are being explored and potentially applicable as novel geochemical tracers. This review presents the application of metal stable isotopes as source and process tracers in environmental studies, in particular by using mixing and Rayleigh model approaches. The most important concepts of mass-dependent and mass-independent metal stable isotope fractionation are introduced, and the extent of natural isotopic variations for different elements is compared. A particular focus lies on a discussion of processes (redox transformations, complexation, sorption, precipitation, dissolution, evaporation, diffusion, biological cycling) which are able to induce metal stable isotope fractionation in environmental systems. Additionally, the usefulness and limitations of metal stable isotope signatures as tracers in environmental geochemistry are discussed and future perspectives presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan G Wiederhold
- Soil Chemistry Group, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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20
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Kim SM, Lun M, Wang M, Senyo SE, Guillermier C, Patwari P, Steinhauser ML. Loss of white adipose hyperplastic potential is associated with enhanced susceptibility to insulin resistance. Cell Metab 2014; 20:1049-58. [PMID: 25456741 PMCID: PMC4715375 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Fat mass expansion occurs by adipocyte hypertrophy or recruitment of differentiating adipocyte progenitors, the relative balance of which may impact systemic metabolism. We measured adipogenesis in murine subcutaneous (sWAT) and visceral white adipose tissue (vWAT) using stable isotope methodology and then modeled adipocyte turnover. Birth and death rates were similar within depots; however, turnover was higher in vWAT relative to sWAT. In juvenile mice, obesity increased adipogenesis, but in adults, this was only seen in vWAT after prolonged high-fat feeding. Statistical modeling suggests differentiation of adipocyte progenitors without an accompanying self-renewing division step may partially explain the age-dependent decline in hyperplastic potential. Additional metabolic interrogation of obese mice demonstrated an association between adipocyte turnover and insulin sensitivity. These data therefore identify adipocyte hypertrophy as the dominant mechanism of adult fat mass expansion and support the paradoxical concept that metabolic disease ensues due to a failure of adipose tissue plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo M Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mingyue Lun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mei Wang
- National Resource for Imaging Mass Spectroscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Samuel E Senyo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Christelle Guillermier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; National Resource for Imaging Mass Spectroscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Parth Patwari
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew L Steinhauser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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Oliveira SR, Menegário AA, Arruda MAZ. Evaluation of Fe uptake and translocation in transgenic and non-transgenic soybean plants using enriched stable (57)Fe as a tracer. Metallomics 2014; 6:1832-40. [PMID: 25079128 DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00162a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
A tracer experiment is carried out with transgenic T (variety M 7211 RR) and non-transgenic NT (variety MSOY 8200) soybean plants to evaluate if genetic modification can influence the uptake and translocation of Fe. A chelate of EDTA with enriched stable (57)Fe is applied to the plants cultivated in vermiculite plus substrate and the (57)Fe acts as a tracer. The exposure of plants to enriched (57)Fe causes the dilution of the natural previously existing Fe in the plant compartments and then the changed Fe isotopic ratio ((57)Fe/(56)Fe) is measured using a quadrupole-based inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer equipped with a dynamic reaction cell (DRC). Mathematical calculations based on the isotope dilution methodology allow distinguishing the natural abundance Fe from the enriched Fe (incorporated during the experiment). The NT soybean plants acquire higher amounts of Fe from natural abundance (originally present in the soil) and from enriched Fe (coming from the (57)Fe-EDTA during the experiment) than T soybean ones, demonstrating that the NT soybean plants probably absorb higher amounts of Fe, independently of the source. The percentage of newly incorporated Fe (coming from the treatment) was approximately 2.0 and 1.1% for NT and T soybean plants, respectively. A higher fraction (90.1%) of enriched Fe is translocated to upper parts, and a slightly lower fraction (3.8%) is accumulated in the stems by NT plants than by T ones (85.1%; 5.1%). Moreover, in both plants, the Fe-EDTA facilitates the transport and translocation of Fe to the leaves. The genetic modification is probably responsible for differences observed between T and NT soybean plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana R Oliveira
- Spectrometry, Sample Preparation and Mechanization Group - GEPAM and National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics - INCTBio, Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Campinas - Unicamp, PO Box 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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22
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Webb MA, Miller TF. Position-Specific and Clumped Stable Isotope Studies: Comparison of the Urey and Path-Integral Approaches for Carbon Dioxide, Nitrous Oxide, Methane, and Propane. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:467-74. [DOI: 10.1021/jp411134v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Webb
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Thomas F. Miller
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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23
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Luoma SN, Khan FR, Croteau MN. Bioavailability and Bioaccumulation of Metal-Based Engineered Nanomaterials in Aquatic Environments. NANOSCIENCE AND THE ENVIRONMENT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-099408-6.00005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Steinhauser ML, Lechene CP. Quantitative imaging of subcellular metabolism with stable isotopes and multi-isotope imaging mass spectrometry. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2013; 24:661-7. [PMID: 23660233 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Multi-isotope imaging mass spectrometry (MIMS) is the quantitative imaging of stable isotope labels in cells with a new type of secondary ion mass spectrometer (NanoSIMS). The power of the methodology is attributable to (i) the immense advantage of using non-toxic stable isotope labels, (ii) high resolution imaging that approaches the resolution of usual transmission electron microscopy and (iii) the precise quantification of label down to 1 part-per-million and spanning several orders of magnitude. Here we review the basic elements of MIMS and describe new applications of MIMS to the quantitative study of metabolic processes including protein and nucleic acid synthesis in model organisms ranging from microbes to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Steinhauser
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States
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25
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Croteau MN, Cain DJ, Fuller CC. Novel and nontraditional use of stable isotope tracers to study metal bioavailability from natural particles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:3424-3431. [PMID: 23458345 DOI: 10.1021/es400162f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We devised a novel tracing approach that involves enriching test organisms with a stable metal isotope of low natural abundance prior to characterizing metal bioavailability from natural inorganic particles. In addition to circumventing uncertainties associated with labeling natural particles and distinguishing background metals, the proposed "reverse labeling" technique overcomes many drawbacks inherent to using radioisotope tracers. Specifically, we chronically exposed freshwater snails ( Lymnaea stagnalis ) to synthetic water spiked with Cu that was 99.4% (65)Cu to increase the relative abundance of (65)Cu in the snail's tissues from ~32% to >80%. The isotopically enriched snails were then exposed to benthic algae mixed with Cu-bearing Fe-Al particles collected from the Animas River (Colorado), an acid mine drainage impacted river. We used (63)Cu to trace Cu uptake from the natural particles and inferred their bioavailability from calculation of Cu assimilation into tissues. Cu assimilation from these particles was 44%, indicating that 44% of the particulate Cu was absorbed by the invertebrate. This demonstrates that inorganic particulate Cu can be bioavailable. The reverse labeling approach shows great potential in various scientific areas such as environmental contamination and nutrition for addressing questions involving uptake of an element that naturally has multiple isotopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Noële Croteau
- US Geological Survey, MS 496, 345 Middlefield Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States.
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26
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Urgast DS, Hill S, Kwun IS, Beattie JH, Goenaga-Infante H, Feldmann J. Zinc isotope ratio imaging of rat brain thin sections from stable isotope tracer studies by LA-MC-ICP-MS. Metallomics 2012; 4:1057-63. [PMID: 22907676 DOI: 10.1039/c2mt20119d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Zinc stable isotope tracers (⁶⁷Zn and ⁷⁰Zn) were injected into rats at two different time points to investigate the feasibility of using tracers to study zinc kinetics at the microscale within distinct tissue features. Laser ablation coupled to multi-collector ICP-MS was used to analyse average isotope ratios in liver thin sections and to generate bio-images showing zinc isotope ratio distribution in brain thin sections. Average isotope ratios of all samples from treated animals were found to be statistically different (P < 0.05) from samples from untreated control animals. Furthermore, differing isotope ratios in physiological features of the brain, namely hippocampus, amygdala, cortex and hypothalamus, were identified. This indicates that these regions differ in their zinc metabolism kinetics. While cortex and hypothalamus contain more tracer two days after injection than 14 days after injection, the opposite is true for hippocampus and amygdala. This study showed that stable isotope tracer experiments can be combined with laser ablation MC-ICP-MS to measure trace element kinetics in tissues at a microscale level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar S Urgast
- TESLA-Trace Element Speciation Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Science, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, UK
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27
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González-Iglesias H, Fernández-Sánchez ML, López-Sastre J, Sanz-Medel A. Nutritional iron supplementation studies based on enriched57Fe, added to milk in rats, and isotope pattern deconvolution-ICP-MS analysis. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:2407-15. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Héctor González-Iglesias
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; University of Oviedo; Oviedo; Spain
| | | | - José López-Sastre
- Department of Neonatology; “Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias”; Oviedo; Spain
| | - Alfredo Sanz-Medel
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Chemistry; University of Oviedo; Oviedo; Spain
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28
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Larner F, Rehkämper M. Evaluation of stable isotope tracing for ZnO nanomaterials--new constraints from high precision isotope analyses and modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:4149-4158. [PMID: 22394426 DOI: 10.1021/es204440d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This contribution evaluates two possible routes of stable isotope tracing for ZnO nanomaterials. For this we carried out the first high precision Zn isotope analyses of commercially available ZnO nanomaterials, to investigate whether such materials exhibit isotope fractionations that can be exploited for tracing purposes. These measurements revealed Zn isotopic compositions (of δ(66/64)Zn = +0.28 to -0.31‰ relative to JMC Lyon Zn) that are indistinguishable from "normal" natural and anthropogenic Zn in environmental samples. Stable isotope tracing therefore requires the application of purpose-made isotopically enriched ZnO nanoparticles. A detailed evaluation identified the most suitable and cost-effective labeling isotopes for different analytical requirements and techniques. It is shown that, using relatively inexpensive (68)Zn for labeling, ZnO nanoparticles can be reliably detected in natural samples with a Zn background of 100 μg/g at concentrations as low as about 5 ng/g, if the isotopic tracing analyses are carried out by high precision mass spectrometry. Stable isotope tracing may also be able to differentiate between the uptake by organisms of particulate ZnO and Zn(2+) ions from the dissolution of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Larner
- Department of Earth Science & Engineering, Imperial College, London, UK.
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29
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Multi-isotope imaging mass spectrometry quantifies stem cell division and metabolism. Nature 2012; 481:516-9. [PMID: 22246326 PMCID: PMC3267887 DOI: 10.1038/nature10734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry with stable isotope labels has been seminal in discovering the dynamic state of living matter, but is limited to bulk tissues or cells. We developed multi-isotope imaging mass spectrometry (MIMS) that allowed us to view and measure stable isotope incorporation with submicrometre resolution. Here we apply MIMS to diverse organisms, including Drosophila, mice and humans. We test the 'immortal strand hypothesis', which predicts that during asymmetric stem cell division chromosomes containing older template DNA are segregated to the daughter destined to remain a stem cell, thus insuring lifetime genetic stability. After labelling mice with (15)N-thymidine from gestation until post-natal week 8, we find no (15)N label retention by dividing small intestinal crypt cells after a four-week chase. In adult mice administered (15)N-thymidine pulse-chase, we find that proliferating crypt cells dilute the (15)N label, consistent with random strand segregation. We demonstrate the broad utility of MIMS with proof-of-principle studies of lipid turnover in Drosophila and translation to the human haematopoietic system. These studies show that MIMS provides high-resolution quantification of stable isotope labels that cannot be obtained using other techniques and that is broadly applicable to biological and medical research.
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30
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Clémens S, Monperrus M, Donard OF, Amouroux D, Guérin T. Mercury speciation in seafood using isotope dilution analysis: A review. Talanta 2012; 89:12-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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31
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Urgast DS, Ou O, Gordon MJ, Raab A, Nixon GF, Kwun IS, Beattie JH, Feldmann J. Microanalytical isotope ratio measurements and elemental mapping using laser ablation ICP-MS for tissue thin sections: zinc tracer studies in rats. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:287-97. [PMID: 22006243 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5461-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Revised: 09/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of zinc absorption, metabolism and excretion is extensively studied by nutritionists. Stable isotopes of zinc can be used to identify body zinc compartments that have different turnover kinetics. Since the compartments might belong to physiological subsections of different organs, there is a need for microsampling analysis to determine isotope ratios of the trace element zinc in tissue samples. Here, we study the feasibility to use laser ablation coupled to quadrupole ICP-MS for the determination of zinc tracers given to rats at different time points with the aim to generate isotope ratio bioimages of heart tissue. A double tracer ((70)Zn and (67)Zn) experiment with rats was designed to label the exchangeable zinc pool as well as the stable zinc pool. The isotope ratios determined by laser ablation ICP-MS were evaluated by additional measurements of tissue digests. Accumulated tracers which made up more than 0.1% of total zinc could be identified in the tissues of the treated rats. It was established that at least 50 measurements from the microsampling were necessary to distinguish between controls and a tracer treated rat resulting in reduced resolution of the bioimage. With the parameters used, features in the tissue thin sections of at least 250 μm(2) in size are necessary to detect the incorporation of a tracer. When different time points have to be measured, higher precisions are required and therefore a larger area needs to be ablated (1 mm(2)). Using the bioimages and pool measurements from one physiological feature, it was possible to show that the aorta cell walls incorporate the zinc tracer at the different time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar S Urgast
- TESLA (Trace Element Speciation Laboratory), University of Aberdeen, College of Physical Science, Chemistry, Meston Walk, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
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Abstract
The variations in the isotopic composition of calcium caused by fractionation in heterogeneous systems and by nuclear reactions can provide insight into numerous biological, geological, and cosmic processes, and therefore isotopic analysis finds a wide spectrum of applications in cosmo- and geochemistry, paleoclimatic, nutritional, and biomedical studies. The measurement of calcium isotopic abundances in natural samples has challenged the analysts for more than three decades. Practically all Ca isotopes suffer from significant isobaric interferences, whereas low-abundant isotopes can be particularly affected by neighboring major isotopes. The extent of natural variations of stable isotopes appears to be relatively limited, and highly precise techniques are required to resolve isotopic effects. Isotope fractionation during sample preparation and measurements and instrumental mass bias can significantly exceed small isotope abundance variations in samples, which have to be investigated. Not surprisingly, a TIMS procedure developed by Russell et al. (Russell et al., 1978. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 42: 1075-1090) for Ca isotope measurements was considered as revolutionary for isotopic measurements in general, and that approach is used nowadays (with small modifications) for practically all isotopic systems and with different mass spectrometric techniques. Nevertheless, despite several decades of calcium research and corresponding development of mass spectrometers, the available precision and accuracy is still not always sufficient to achieve the challenging goals. The present article discusses figures of merits of presently used analytical methods and instrumentation, and attempts to critically assess their limitations. In Sections 2 and 3, mass spectrometric methods applied to precise stable isotope analysis and to the determination of (41)Ca are described. Section 4 contains a short summary of selected applications, and includes tracer experiments and the potential use of biological isotope fractionation in medical studies, paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic, and other terrestrial as well as extraterrestrial investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei F Boulyga
- Safeguards Analytical Laboratory, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Strasse 5, 1400 Vienna, Austria.
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Croteau MN, Dybowska AD, Luoma SN, Valsami-Jones E. A novel approach reveals that zinc oxide nanoparticles are bioavailable and toxic after dietary exposures. Nanotoxicology 2010; 5:79-90. [PMID: 21417690 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2010.501914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
If engineered nanomaterials are released into the environment, some are likely to end up associated with the food of animals due to aggregation and sorption processes. However, few studies have considered dietary exposure of nanomaterials. Here we show that zinc (Zn) from isotopically modified (67)ZnO particles is efficiently assimilated by freshwater snails when ingested with food. The (67)Zn from nano-sized (67)ZnO appears as bioavailable as (67)Zn internalized by diatoms. Apparent agglomeration of the zinc oxide (ZnO) particles did not reduce bioavailability, nor preclude toxicity. In the diet, ZnO nanoparticles damage digestion: snails ate less, defecated less and inefficiently processed the ingested food when exposed to high concentrations of ZnO. It was not clear whether the toxicity was due to the high Zn dose achieved with nanoparticles or to the ZnO nanoparticles themselves. Further study of exposure from nanoparticles in food would greatly benefit assessment of ecological and human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Beauchemin
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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Balter V, Zazzo A, Moloney AP, Moynier F, Schmidt O, Monahan FJ, Albarède F. Bodily variability of zinc natural isotope abundances in sheep. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2010; 24:605-612. [PMID: 20155761 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Evidence is growing that the range of zinc stable isotope compositions, represented by the deviation of (66)Zn in permil units relative to a standard and expressed as delta(66)Zn, is larger in organic matter than in inorganic material. This study reports the variations of delta(66)Zn in various organs of sheep raised on a controlled diet. Zinc was purified by anion-exchange chromatography. The Zn concentrations and Zn stable isotope compositions were determined by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, respectively. The data show that delta(66)Zn variability exceeds 1 per thousand, with bone, muscle, serum and urine enriched in the heavy isotopes, and feces, red blood cells, kidney and liver enriched in light isotopes, all relative to the diet value. The (66)Zn enrichment of the circulating serum reservoir is likely to take place in the digestive tract, probably through the preferential binding of lighter isotopes with phytic acid, which is known to control the uptake of metallic elements. Mass balance calculations suggest that the (66)Zn depletion between diet and feces, which is not balanced by any other outward flux, leads to a secular isotopic drift in serum. A simple time-dependent two-box model, involving the gastro-intestinal tract on the one hand and the muscle and bone on the other, predicts that the maximum (66)Zn enrichment, which equals the difference in delta(66)Zn between diet and bulk (approximately 0.25 per thousand), is reached after about ten years. Therefore, a better understanding of the variations of natural abundance of Zn isotopes in animals and humans will probably bring new perspectives for the assessment of their Zn status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Balter
- CNRS UMR 5570 Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre, Ecole Normale Supérieure. 46, Allée d'Italie, 69634 Lyon, France.
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Ripley JL, Foran CM. Direct evidence for embryonic uptake of paternally-derived nutrients in two pipefishes (Syngnathidae: Syngnathus spp.). J Comp Physiol B 2008; 179:325-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-008-0316-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2008] [Revised: 09/26/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Slysz GW, Percy AJ, Schriemer DC. Restraining Expansion of the Peak Envelope in H/D Exchange-MS and Its Application in Detecting Perturbations of Protein Structure/Dynamics. Anal Chem 2008; 80:7004-11. [DOI: 10.1021/ac800897q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W. Slysz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Percy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - David C. Schriemer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
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