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Zhao R, Yan B, Li D, Guo Z, Huang Y, Wang D, Yao X. An Ultramicroelectrode Electrochemistry and Surface Plasmon Resonance Coupling Method for Cell Exocytosis Study. Anal Chem 2024; 96:10228-10236. [PMID: 38867346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Exocytosis of a single cell has been extensively researched in recent years due to its close association with numerous diseases. However, current methods only investigate exocytosis at either the single-cell or multiple-cell level, and a method for simultaneously studying exocytosis at both levels has yet to be established. In this study, a combined device incorporating ultramicroelectrode (UME) electrochemistry and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was developed, enabling the simultaneous monitoring of single-cell and multiple-cell exocytosis. PC12 cells were cultured directly on the SPR sensing Au film, with a carboxylated carbon nanopipette (c-CNP) electrode employed for electrochemical detection in the SPR reaction cell. Upon exocytosis, the released dopamine diffuses onto the inner wall of c-CNP, undergoing an electrochemical reaction to generate a current peak. Concurrently, exocytosis can also induce changes in the refractive index of the Au film surface, leading to the SPR signal. Consequently, the device enables real-time monitoring of exocytosis from both single and multiple cells with a high spatiotemporal resolution. The c-CNP electrode exhibited excellent resistance to protein contamination, high sensitivity for dopamine detection, and the capability to continuously monitor dopamine exocytosis over an extended period. Analysis of both SPR and electrochemical signals revealed a positive correlation between changes in the SPR signal and the frequency of exocytosis. This study introduces a novel method and platform for the simultaneous investigation of single-cell and multiple-cell exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihuan Zhao
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei 056038, P. R. China
| | - Bei Yan
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Guo
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yubiao Huang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Dengchao Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yao
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology Research Center for Environment Material and Pollution Control Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Cheng H, Tang Y, Li Z, Guo Z, Heath JR, Xue M, Wei W. Non-Mass Spectrometric Targeted Single-Cell Metabolomics. Trends Analyt Chem 2023; 168:117300. [PMID: 37840599 PMCID: PMC10569257 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic assays serve as pivotal tools in biomedical research, offering keen insights into cellular physiological and pathological states. While mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics remains the gold standard for comprehensive, multiplexed analyses of cellular metabolites, innovative technologies are now emerging for the targeted, quantitative scrutiny of metabolites and metabolic pathways at the single-cell level. In this review, we elucidate an array of these advanced methodologies, spanning synthetic and surface chemistry techniques, imaging-based methods, and electrochemical approaches. We summarize the rationale, design principles, and practical applications for each method, and underscore the synergistic benefits of integrating single-cell metabolomics (scMet) with other single-cell omics technologies. Concluding, we identify prevailing challenges in the targeted scMet arena and offer a forward-looking commentary on future avenues and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjun Cheng
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
| | - Yin Tang
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
| | - Zhonghan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Zhili Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - James R. Heath
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, United States
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, 98109, United States
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Chen X, Wu WT, Jiao YT, Kang YR, Zhang XW, Huang WH. An anti-poisoning nanosensor for in situ monitoring of intracellular endogenous hydrogen sulfide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1773-1776. [PMID: 36722385 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06729c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular H2S plays an important regulatory role in cell metabolism. The limited sensing materials and severe sensor passivation hinder its quantification. We functionalized conductive nanowires with MoS2 and quercetin in a large-scale manner, developed single nanowire sensors with excellent electrocatalytic and anti-poisoning performance, and achieved the accurate quantification of H2S within single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Wen-Tao Wu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yu-Ting Jiao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Yi-Ran Kang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Xin-Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Asadpour F, Zhang XW, Mazloum-Ardakani M, Mirzaei M, Majdi S, Ewing AG. Vesicular release dynamics are altered by the interaction between the chemical cargo and vesicle membrane lipids. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10273-10278. [PMID: 34447531 PMCID: PMC8336585 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02247d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The release of the cargo from soft vesicles, an essential process for chemical delivery, is mediated by multiple factors. Among them, the regulation by the interaction between the chemical cargo species and the vesicular membrane, widely existing in all vesicles, has not been investigated to date. Yet, these interactions hold the potential to complicate the release process. We used liposomes loaded with different monoamines, dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT), to simulate vesicular release and to monitor the dynamics of chemical release from isolated vesicles during vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry (VIEC). The release of DA from liposomes presents a longer release time compared to 5-HT. Modelling the release time showed that DA filled vesicles had a higher percentage of events where the time for the peak fall was better fit to a double exponential (DblExp) decay function, suggesting multiple kinetic steps in the release. By fitting to a desorption-release model, where the transmitters adsorbed to the vesicle membrane, the dissociation rates of DA and 5-HT from the liposome membrane were estimated. DA has a lower desorption rate constant, which leads to slower DA release than that observed for 5-HT, whereas there is little difference in pore size. The alteration of vesicular release dynamics due to the interaction between the chemical cargo and vesicle membrane lipids provides an important mechanism to regulate vesicular release in chemical and physiological processes. It is highly possible that this introduces a fundamental chemical regulation difference between transmitters during exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Asadpour
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg 41296 Gothenburg Sweden .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University Yazd 89195-741 Iran
| | - Xin-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | | | - Meysam Mirzaei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiraz University Shiraz Iran
| | - Soodabeh Majdi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Andrew G Ewing
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
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5
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Liu X, Tong Y, Fang PP. Recent development in amperometric measurements of vesicular exocytosis. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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6
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Li Y, Sella C, Lemaître F, Guille-Collignon M, Amatore C, Thouin L. Downstream Simultaneous Electrochemical Detection of Primary Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Released by Cell Populations in an Integrated Microfluidic Device. Anal Chem 2018; 90:9386-9394. [PMID: 29979582 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An innovative microfluidic platform was designed to monitor electrochemically four primary reactive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) released by aerobic cells. Taking advantage of the space confinement and electrode performances under flow conditions, only a few experiments were sufficient to directly provide significant statistical data relative to the average behavior of cells during oxidative-stress bursts. The microfluidic platform comprised an upstream microchamber for cell culture and four parallel microchannels located downstream for separately detecting H2O2, ONOO-, NO·, and NO2-. Amperometric measurements were performed at highly sensitive Pt-black electrodes implemented in the microchannels. RAW 264.7 macrophage secretions triggered by a calcium ionophore were used as a way to assess the performance, sensitivity, and specificity of the integrated microfluidic device. In comparison with some previous evaluations achieved from single-cell measurements, reproducible and relevant determinations validated the proof of concept of this microfluidic platform for analyzing statistically significant oxidative-stress responses of various cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie , École normale supérieure, PSL Université, Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Catherine Sella
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie , École normale supérieure, PSL Université, Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Frédéric Lemaître
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie , École normale supérieure, PSL Université, Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Manon Guille-Collignon
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie , École normale supérieure, PSL Université, Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Christian Amatore
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie , École normale supérieure, PSL Université, Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Laurent Thouin
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie , École normale supérieure, PSL Université, Sorbonne Université, CNRS , 75005 Paris , France
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7
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Wang Y, Shan X, Tao N. Emerging tools for studying single entity electrochemistry. Faraday Discuss 2018; 193:9-39. [PMID: 27722354 DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00180g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemistry studies charge transfer and related processes at various microscopic structures (atomic steps, islands, pits and kinks on electrodes), and mesoscopic materials (nanoparticles, nanowires, viruses, vesicles and cells) made by nature and humans, involving ions and molecules. The traditional approach measures averaged electrochemical quantities of a large ensemble of these individual entities, including the microstructures, mesoscopic materials, ions and molecules. There is a need to develop tools to study single entities because a real system is usually heterogeneous, e.g., containing nanoparticles with different sizes and shapes. Even in the case of "homogeneous" molecules, they bind to different microscopic structures of an electrode, assume different conformations and fluctuate over time, leading to heterogeneous reactions. Here we highlight some emerging tools for studying single entity electrochemistry, discuss their strengths and weaknesses, and provide personal views on the need for tools with new capabilities for further advancing single entity electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Wang
- Center for Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Biodesign Institute and School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA.
| | - Xiaonan Shan
- Center for Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Biodesign Institute and School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA.
| | - Nongjian Tao
- Center for Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Biodesign Institute and School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA. and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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8
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Eßmann V, Santana Santos C, Tarnev T, Bertotti M, Schuhmann W. Scanning Bipolar Electrochemical Microscopy. Anal Chem 2018; 90:6267-6274. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Eßmann
- Analytical Chemistry − Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätßtrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Carla Santana Santos
- Analytical Chemistry − Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätßtrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 748 05513-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tsvetan Tarnev
- Analytical Chemistry − Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätßtrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Mauro Bertotti
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 748 05513-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry − Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätßtrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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9
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Mettbach U, Strnad M, Mancuso S, Baluška F. Immunogold-EM analysis reveal brefeldin a-sensitive clusters of auxin in Arabidopsis root apex cells. Commun Integr Biol 2017; 10:e1327105. [PMID: 28702129 PMCID: PMC5501221 DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2017.1327105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogold electron microscopy (EM) study of Arabidopsis root apices analyzed using specific IAA antibody and high-pressure freeze fixation technique allowed, for the first time, vizualization of subcellular localization of IAA in cells assembled intactly within plant tissues. Our quantitative analysis reveals that there is considerable portion of IAA gold particles that clusters within vesicles and membraneous compartments in all root apex cells. There are clear tissue-specific and developmental differences of clustered IAA in root apices. These findings have significant consequences for our understanding of this small molecule which is controlling plant growth, development and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR & Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - S. Mancuso
- Department of Plant, Soil and Environmental Science & LINV, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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10
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Ribeiro JA, Fernandes PM, Pereira CM, Silva F. Electrochemical sensors and biosensors for determination of catecholamine neurotransmitters: A review. Talanta 2016; 160:653-679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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11
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Kang M, Yoo SM, Gwak R, Eom G, Kim J, Lee SY, Kim B. Electro-triggering and electrochemical monitoring of dopamine exocytosis from a single cell by using ultrathin electrodes based on Au nanowires. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:214-218. [PMID: 26645731 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06021d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A sophisticated set of an Au nanowire (NW) stimulator-Au NW detector system is developed for electrical cell stimulation and electrochemical analysis of subsequent exocytosis with very high spatial resolution. Dopamine release from a rat pheochromocytoma cell is more stimulated by a more negative voltage pulse. This system could help to improve the therapeutic efficacy of electrotherapies by providing valuable information on their healing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijeong Kang
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Min Yoo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 plus Program), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Raekeun Gwak
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gayoung Eom
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jihwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Yup Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 plus Program), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bongsoo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Rapino S, Marcu R, Bigi A, Soldà A, Marcaccio M, Paolucci F, Pelicci PG, Giorgio M. Scanning electro-chemical microscopy reveals cancer cell redox state. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Abstract
Carbon nanoelectrodes with tip diameters ranging from tens to hundreds of nanometers are fabricated by pyrolitic deposition of carbon films along the entire inner surfaces of pulled-glass pipettes. The pulled end of each glass pipette is then etched to expose a desired length (typically, a few micrometers) of carbon pipe. The carbon film provides an electrically conductive path from the nanoscopic carbon tip to the distal, macroscopic end of the pipette, bridging between the nanoscale tip and the macroscale handle, without a need for assembly. We used our nanoelectrodes to penetrate into individual cells and cell nuclei and measured the variations in the electrode impedance upon cell and nucleus penetration as well as the electrode impedance as a function of cell penetration depth. Theoretical predictions based on a simple circuit model were in good agreement with experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean E. Anderson
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Haim H. Bau
- University of Pennsylvania, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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14
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Lemaître F, Guille Collignon M, Amatore C. Recent advances in Electrochemical Detection of Exocytosis. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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15
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Amperometric detection of vesicular exocytosis from BON cells at carbon fiber microelectrodes. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.07.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Gao C, Sun X, Gillis KD. Fabrication of two-layer poly(dimethyl siloxane) devices for hydrodynamic cell trapping and exocytosis measurement with integrated indium tin oxide microelectrodes arrays. Biomed Microdevices 2013; 15:445-51. [PMID: 23329291 PMCID: PMC5002351 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-013-9744-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The design, fabrication and test of a microfluidic cell trapping device to measure single cell exocytosis were reported. Procedures on the patterning of double layer template based on repetitive standard photolithography of AZ photoresist were investigated. The replicated poly(dimethyl siloxane) devices with 2.5 μm deep channels were proved to be efficient for stopping cells. Quantal exocytosis measurement can be achieved by targeting single or small clumps of chromaffin cells on top of the 10 μm × 10 μm indium tin oxide microelectrodes arrays with the developed microdevice. And about 72 % of the trapping sites can be occupied by cells with hydrodynamic trapping method and the recorded amperometric signals are comparable to the results with traditional carbon fiber microelectrodes. The method of manufacturing the microdevices is simple, low-cost and easy to perform. The manufactured device offers a platform for the high throughput detection of quantal catecholamine exocytosis from chromaffin cells with sufficient sensitivity and broad application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlu Gao
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
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Jackowska K, Krysinski P. New trends in the electrochemical sensing of dopamine. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:3753-71. [PMID: 23241816 PMCID: PMC3608872 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6578-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the early 70s electrochemistry has been used as a powerful analytical technique for monitoring electroactive species in living organisms. In particular, after extremely rapid evolution of new micro and nanotechnology it has been established as an invaluable technique ranging from experiments in vivo to measurement of exocytosis during communication between cells under in vitro conditions. This review highlights recent advances in the development of electrochemical sensors for selective sensing of one of the most important neurotransmitters--dopamine. Dopamine is an electroactive catecholamine neurotransmitter, abundant in the mammalian central nervous system, affecting both cognitive and behavioral functions of living organisms. We have not attempted to cover a large time-span nor to be comprehensive in presenting the vast literature devoted to electrochemical dopamine sensing. Instead, we have focused on the last five years, describing recent progress as well as showing some problems and directions for future development.
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Cox JT, Zhang B. Nanoelectrodes: recent advances and new directions. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2012; 5:253-272. [PMID: 22524228 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-062011-143124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews recent work involving the development and application of nanoelectrodes in electrochemistry and related areas. We first discuss common analytical methods for characterizing the size, shape, and quality of nanoelectrodes, including electron microscopy, steady-state cyclic voltammetry, scanning electrochemical microscopy, and surface modification. We then emphasize recent developments in fabrication techniques that have led to structurally well-defined nanoelectrodes. We highlight recent advances in the application of nanoelectrodes in important analytical chemistry areas, such as single-molecule studies, single-nanoparticle electrochemistry, and measurements of neurotransmitters from single neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T Cox
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, USA
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Lin Y, Trouillon R, Svensson MI, Keighron JD, Cans AS, Ewing AG. Carbon-ring microelectrode arrays for electrochemical imaging of single cell exocytosis: fabrication and characterization. Anal Chem 2012; 84:2949-54. [PMID: 22339586 DOI: 10.1021/ac3000368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of carbon microelectrode arrays, with up to 15 electrodes in total tips as small as 10-50 μm, is presented. The support structures of microelectrodes were obtained by pulling multiple quartz capillaries together to form hollow capillary arrays before carbon deposition. Carbon ring microelectrodes were deposited by pyrolysis of acetylene in the lumen of these quartz capillary arrays. Each carbon deposited array tip was filled with epoxy, followed by beveling of the tip of the array to form a deposited carbon-ring microelectrode array (CRMA). Both the number of the microelectrodes in the array and the tip size are independently tunable. These CRMAs have been characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electrogenerated chemiluminescence. Additionally, the electrochemical properties were investigated with steady-state voltammetry. In order to demonstrate the utility of these fabricated microelectrodes in neurochemistry, CRMAs containing eight microring electrodes were used for electrochemical monitoring of exocytotic events from single PC12 cells. Subcellular temporal heterogeneities in exocytosis (i.e. cold spots vs hot spots) were successfully detected with the CRMAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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20
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Indium Tin Oxide devices for amperometric detection of vesicular release by single cells. Biophys Chem 2012; 162:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2011.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li LM, Wang W, Zhang SH, Chen SJ, Guo SS, Français O, Cheng JK, Huang WH. Integrated Microdevice for Long-Term Automated Perfusion Culture without Shear Stress and Real-Time Electrochemical Monitoring of Cells. Anal Chem 2011; 83:9524-30. [DOI: 10.1021/ac202302t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Olivier Français
- SATIE, UMR 8029 CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 Avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan cedex, France
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, S-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Huang Y, Cai D, Chen P. Micro- and Nanotechnologies for Study of Cell Secretion. Anal Chem 2011; 83:4393-406. [DOI: 10.1021/ac200358b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinxi Huang
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637457
| | - Dong Cai
- Biology Department, Boston College, Boston, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Peng Chen
- Division of Bioengineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637457
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Adams KL, Jena BK, Percival SJ, Zhang B. Highly Sensitive Detection of Exocytotic Dopamine Release Using a Gold-Nanoparticle-Network Microelectrode. Anal Chem 2010; 83:920-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac102599s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L. Adams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Bikash Kumar Jena
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Stephen J. Percival
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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25
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Evaluating the effects of immunotoxicants using carbon fiber microelectrode amperometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:2979-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4263-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Bioanalytical tools for single-cell study of exocytosis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 397:3281-304. [PMID: 20521141 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3843-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2010] [Revised: 05/08/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Regulated exocytosis is a fundamental biological process used to deliver chemical messengers for cell-cell communication via membrane fusion and content secretion. A plethora of cell types employ this chemical-based communication to achieve crucial functions in many biological systems. Neurons in the brain and platelets in the circulatory system are representative examples utilizing exocytosis for neurotransmission and blood clotting. Single-cell studies of regulated exocytosis in the past several decades have greatly expanded our knowledge of this critical process, from vesicle/granule transport and docking at the early stages of exocytosis to membrane fusion and to eventual chemical messenger secretion. Herein, four main approaches that have been widely used to study single-cell exocytosis will be highlighted, including total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, capillary electrophoresis, single-cell mass spectrometry, and microelectrochemistry. These techniques are arranged in the order following the route of a vesicle/granule destined for secretion. Within each section, the basic principles and experimental strategies are reviewed and representative examples are given revealing critical spatial, temporal, and chemical information of a secretory vesicle/granule at different stages of its lifetime. Lastly, an analytical chemist's perspective on potential future developments in this exciting field is discussed.
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27
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Amatore C, Arbault S, Koh ACW. Simultaneous Detection of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Released by a Single Macrophage by Triple Potential-Step Chronoamperometry. Anal Chem 2010; 82:1411-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac902486x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Amatore
- UMR CNRS-ENS-UPMC 8640 “PASTEUR” and LIA CNRS XiamENS, École Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 PARIS Cedex 5, France
| | - Stéphane Arbault
- UMR CNRS-ENS-UPMC 8640 “PASTEUR” and LIA CNRS XiamENS, École Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 PARIS Cedex 5, France
| | - Alaric C. W. Koh
- UMR CNRS-ENS-UPMC 8640 “PASTEUR” and LIA CNRS XiamENS, École Normale Supérieure, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 PARIS Cedex 5, France
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28
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Ai F, Chen H, Zhang SH, Liu SY, Wei F, Dong XY, Cheng JK, Huang WH. Real-time monitoring of oxidative burst from single plant protoplasts using microelectrochemical sensors modified by platinum nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2010; 81:8453-8. [PMID: 19778000 DOI: 10.1021/ac901300b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative bursts from plants play significant roles in plant disease defense and signal transduction; however, it has not hitherto been investigated on individual living plant cells. In this article, we fabricated a novel sensitive electrochemical sensor based on electrochemical deposition of Pt nanoparticles on the surface of carbon fiber microdisk electrodes via a nanopores containing polymer matrix, Nafion. The numerous hydrophilic nanochannels in the Nafion clusters coated on the electrode surface served as the molecular template for the deposition and dispersion of Pt, which resulted in the uniform construction of small Pt nanoparticles. The novel sensor displayed a high sensitivity for detection of H(2)O(2) with a detection limit of 5.0 x 10(-9) M. With the use of this microelectrochemical sensor, the oxidative burst from individual living plant protoplasts have been real-time monitored for the first time. The results showed that oxidative burst from single protoplasts triggered by a pathogen analogue were characterized by quanta release with a large number of "transient oxidative microburst" events, and protoplasts from the transgenic plants biologically displayed better disease-resistance and showed a distinguished elevation and longer-lasting oxidative burst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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29
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Schulte A, Nebel M, Schuhmann W. Scanning electrochemical microscopy in neuroscience. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2010; 3:299-318. [PMID: 20636044 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.anchem.111808.073651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews recent work involving the application of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) to the study of individual cultured living cells, with an emphasis on topographical and functional imaging of neuronal and secretory cells of the nervous and endocrine system. The basic principles of biological SECM and associated negative amperometric-feedback and generator/collector-mode SECM imaging are discussed, and successful use of the methodology for screening soft and fragile membranous objects is outlined. The drawbacks of the constant-height mode of probe movement and the benefits of the constant-distance mode of SECM operation are described. Finally, representative examples of constant-height and constant-distance mode SECM on a variety of live cells are highlighted to demonstrate the current status of single-cell SECM in general and of SECM in neuroscience in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Schulte
- Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
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