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Porpiglia NM, Tagliaro I, Pellegrini B, Alessi A, Tagliaro F, Russo L, Cadamuro F, Musile G, Antonini C, Bertini S. Chitosan derivatives as dynamic coatings for transferrin glycoform separation in capillary electrophoresis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127888. [PMID: 37926319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan and its derivatives are interesting biopolymers for different field of analytical chemistry, especially in separation techniques. The present study was aimed at testing chitosan water soluble derivatives as dynamic coating agents for application to capillary electrophoresis. In particular, chitosan was modified following three different chemical reactions (nucleophilic substitution, reductive amination, and condensation) to introduce differences in charge and steric hindrance, and to assess the effect of these physico-chemical properties in capillary electrophoresis. The effects were tested on the capillary electrophoretic separation of the glycoforms of human transferrin, an important iron-transporting serum protein, one of which, namely disialo-transferrin (CDT), is a biomarker of alcohol abuse. Chitosan derivatives were characterized by using NMR and 1H NMR, HP-SEC-TDA, DLS, and rheology. The use of these compounds as dynamic coatings in the electrolyte running buffer in capillary electrophoresis was tested assessing the peak resolution of the main glycoforms of human transferrin and particularly of disialo-transferrin. The results showed distinct changes of the peak resolution produced by the different derivatives. The best results in terms of peak resolution were achieved using polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified chitosan, which, in comparison to a reference analytical approach, provided an almost baseline resolution of disialo-transferrin from the adjacent peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Maria Porpiglia
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Piazzale L. A. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, VR, Italy.
| | - Irene Tagliaro
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20125 Milan, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Pellegrini
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20125 Milan, Italy; Istituto di Ricerche Chimiche e Biochimiche G. Ronzoni, Carbohydrate Science Department, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Arianna Alessi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20125 Milan, Italy; Istituto di Ricerche Chimiche e Biochimiche G. Ronzoni, Carbohydrate Science Department, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Franco Tagliaro
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Piazzale L. A. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, VR, Italy; Institute Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2-4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Street, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Laura Russo
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro (MB), Italy; CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, H92 W2TY, Ireland.
| | - Francesca Cadamuro
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro (MB), Italy.
| | - Giacomo Musile
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Piazzale L. A. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, VR, Italy.
| | - Carlo Antonini
- Department of Materials Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20125 Milan, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Bertini
- Istituto di Ricerche Chimiche e Biochimiche G. Ronzoni, Carbohydrate Science Department, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Atia MA, Smejkal P, Gupta V, Haddad PR, Breadmore MC. Chemical vapour deposition in narrow capillaries: Electro-osmotic flow control in capillary electrophoresis. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1280:341847. [PMID: 37858546 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In capillary electrophoresis (CE), the inner surface of fused-silica capillaries is commonly covalently modified with liquid silanes to control electroosmotic flow (EOF). This liquid phase deposition (LPD) approach is challenging for long and narrow-diameter capillaries (≥1 m, ≤25 μm ID) inhibiting commercial production. Here, we use chemical vapour deposition (CVD) to covalently modify capillaries with different silanes. Using a home-built CVD device, capillaries were modified with neutral (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane (GPTMS), the weak base (3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (APTMS), the weak acid 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and the neutral hydrophobic trichloro(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl) silane (PFOCTS). Gas-phase modification of GPTMS with acid and ammonia allowed further modification of the surface prior to molecular layer deposition (MLD) of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) using the self-limiting sequential reaction between terephthalaldehyde (TA) and p-phenylenediamine (PD) vapours. RESULTS Capillaries coated with GPTMS by CVD showed a greater reduction in EOF at all pH values than the conventional LPD. APTMS showed a reduction of the EOF at pH 9, with EOF reversal observed below pH 6. MPTMS provided a slightly lower EOF than an unmodified capillary at high pH, and a slightly higher EOF at lower pH. PFOCTS provided the most consistent EOF as a function of pH. The deposition of successive layers of PPTA resulted in increased surface coverage of the polymer and a greater reduction in EOF at pH higher than 5. The stability of a 10 μm ID GPTMS coated capillary was tested at pH 8.8 in a 200 mM CHES/Tris BGE for the separation of inorganic anions. Over 1.5 months of continuous operation (≈4130 runs), the reproducibility of the apparent mobilities for chloride, nitrite, nitrate and sulfate were 2.43%, 2.56%, 2.63% and 3.05%, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day column-to-column reproducibility and batch-to-batch reproducibility for all the coated capillaries ranged between 0.34% and 3.95%. SIGNIFICANCE The study demonstrates the superior performance of CVD coating for suppressing the EOF compared to LPD allowing the easy modification of long lengths of narrow capillary. The variation in silane, and the ability of MLD to modify and control the surface chemistry, provides a simple and facile method for surface modification. The stability of these coatings will allow long-term capillary electrophoresis monitoring of water chemistry, such as for monitoring fertiliser run-off in natural waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A Atia
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Helwan University, 11795, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Petr Smejkal
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia.
| | - Vipul Gupta
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia.
| | - Paul R Haddad
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia.
| | - Michael C Breadmore
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia.
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Gebretsadik H, Kahsay G, Adams E, Van Schepdael A. A comprehensive review of capillary electrophoresis-based techniques for erythropoietin isoforms analysis. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1708:464331. [PMID: 37660565 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Different CE techniques have been used to analyze erythropoietin. These techniques have been shown to be effective in differentiating and quantifying erythropoietin isoforms, including natural and recombinant origins. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various capillary electrophoresis-based techniques used for the analysis of erythropoietin isoforms. The importance of erythropoietin in clinical practice and the necessity for the accurate analysis of its isoforms are first discussed. Various techniques that have been used for erythropoietin isoform analysis are then described. The main body of the review focuses on the different capillary electrophoresis-based methods that have been developed for erythropoietin isoform analysis, including capillary zone electrophoresis and capillary isoelectric focusing. The advantages and drawbacks of each method as well as their applications are discussed. Suggestions into the future directions of the area are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailekiros Gebretsadik
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, O&N2, PB 923, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Getu Kahsay
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, O&N2, PB 923, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erwin Adams
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, O&N2, PB 923, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Schepdael
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, O&N2, PB 923, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Yu B, Wang M, Cong H, Li G. A covalent capillary coating of diazoresin and polyglycerol dendrimer for protein analysis using capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:3104-3110. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University; Qingdao P. R. China
- Laboratory for New Fiber Materials and Modern Textile; Growing Base for State Key Laboratory; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University; Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Minghong Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University; Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Hailin Cong
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University; Qingdao P. R. China
- Laboratory for New Fiber Materials and Modern Textile; Growing Base for State Key Laboratory; College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University; Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Guoling Li
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University; Qingdao P. R. China
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Vanifatova NG, Rudnev AV, Gabrielyan GA, Dzhenloda RK, Burmistrov AA, Lazareva EV, Dzherayan TG. Application of pressure in capillary zone electrophoresis to study the aggregation of chitosan 2-hydroxybutoxypropylcarbamate. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934817070140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Yan D, Afifi L, Jeon C, Trivedi M, Chang HW, Lee K, Liao W. The metabolomics of psoriatic disease. PSORIASIS (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2017; 7:1-15. [PMID: 28824870 PMCID: PMC5562362 DOI: 10.2147/ptt.s118348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics is an emerging new "omics" field involving the systematic analysis of the metabolites in a biologic system. These metabolites provide a molecular snapshot of cellular activity and are thus important for understanding the functional changes in metabolic pathways that drive disease. Recently, metabolomics has been used to study the local and systemic metabolic changes in psoriasis and its cardiometabolic comorbidities. Such studies have revealed novel insights into disease pathogenesis and suggest new biochemical signatures that may be used as a marker of psoriatic disease. This review will discuss common strategies in metabolomics analysis, current findings in the metabolomics of psoriasis, and emerging trends in psoriatic metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yan
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ladan Afifi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Caleb Jeon
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Megha Trivedi
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hsin Wen Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristina Lee
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wilson Liao
- Department of Dermatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Yu B, Chen X, Cong H, Shu X, Peng Q. Photosensitive diazotized poly(ethylene glycol) covalent capillary coatings for analysis of proteins by capillary electrophoresis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:6781-8. [PMID: 27475442 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9804-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new method for the fabrication of covalently cross-linked capillary coatings of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is described using diazotized PEG (diazo-PEG) as a new photosensitive coating agent. The film of diazo-PEG depends on ionic bonding and was first prepared on the inner surface of capillary by self-assembly, and ionic bonding was converted into covalent bonding after reaction of ultraviolet light with diazo groups through unique photochemical reaction. The covalently bonded coating impedance adsorption of protein on the central surface of capillary and hence the four proteins ribonuclease A, cytochrome c, bovine serum albumin, and lysosome can be baseline separated by using capillary electrophoresis (CE). The covalently cross-linked diazo-PEG capillary column coatings not only improved the CE separation performance for proteins compared to non-covalently cross-linked coatings or bare capillary but also showed a remarkable chemical solidity and repeatability. Because photosensitive diazo-PEG took the place of the highly noxious and silane moisture-sensitive coating reagents in the fabrication of covalent coating, this technique shows the advantage of being environment-friendly and having a high efficiency for CE to make the covalently bonded capillaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China. .,Laboratory for New Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, Growing Base for State Key Laboratory, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China.
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China. .,Laboratory for New Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, Growing Base for State Key Laboratory, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China.
| | - Xi Shu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Qiaohong Peng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
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8
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Self-assembled and covalently linked capillary coating of diazoresin and cyclodextrin-derived dendrimer for analysis of proteins by capillary electrophoresis. Talanta 2016; 152:76-81. [PMID: 26992496 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled and covalently linked capillary coatings of cyclodextrin-derived (CD) dendrimer were prepared using photosensitive diazoresin (DR) as a coupling agent. Layer by layer (LBL) self-assembled DR/CD-dendrimer coatings based on ionic bonding was fabricated first on the inner surface of capillary, and subsequently converted into covalent bonding after treatment with UV light through a unique photochemistry reaction of DR. Protein adsorption on the inner surface of capillary was suppressed by the DR/CD-dendrimer coating, and thus a baseline separation of lysozyme (Lys), myoglobin (Mb), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ribonuclease A (RNase A) was achieved using capillary electrophoresis (CE). Compared with the bare capillary, the DR/CD-dendrimer covalently linked capillary coatings showed excellent protein separation performance with good stability and repeatability. Because of the replacement of highly toxic and moisture sensitive silane coupling agent by DR in the covalent coating preparation, this method may provide an environmentally friendly and simple way to prepare the covalently coated capillaries for CE.
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9
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Xue Q, Qi Y, Liu F. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of antibiotic residues in environmental waters. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:16857-16867. [PMID: 26104902 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4900-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An optimized solid-phase extraction (SPE) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the effective analysis of 35 antibiotics including sulfonamides (SAs), quinolones (QLs), tetracyclines (TCs), macrolides (MALs), lincomycin (LIN), and chloramphenicol (CAP). The addition of 0.1% formic acid to the mobile phase was favorable for the formation of [M + H](+) and the enhancement in the detection signals, but using ammonium formate decreased [M + H](+) with a corresponding reduction in the response of CAP. The optimal pH range for the SPE was 4.5 ∼ 5.0 with 6 mL aqueous ammonia/methanol (5/95, v/v) as the optimized eluent. An internal standard (IS) was selected for each type of analytes based on similarities in classification and retention time. The detection was completed in less than 10 min and was excellent with method detection limits (MDL) of 0.29 ∼ 4.03 ng/L. The recoveries of the antibiotics in samples from ultrapure water and groundwater were 67.13 ∼ 93.00% and 68.91 ∼ 92.67%, respectively. The antibiotics in samples collected from wastewater, surface water, and groundwater were also effectively detected. This newly developed method has the advantages of short detection times, small sample consumption, excellent reproducibility, and high sensitivity. This provides a reliable and promising technique for the simultaneous detection and monitoring of various residual antibiotics in aqueous environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
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10
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One step physically adsorbed coating of silica capillary with excellent stability for the separation of basic proteins by capillary zone electrophoresis. Talanta 2015; 144:110-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Zargar V, Asghari M, Dashti A. A Review on Chitin and Chitosan Polymers: Structure, Chemistry, Solubility, Derivatives, and Applications. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.201400025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Upadhyaya L, Singh J, Agarwal V, Tewari RP. The implications of recent advances in carboxymethyl chitosan based targeted drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. J Control Release 2014; 186:54-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Yu B, Jiao M, Cong H, Shu X, Yang S. A novel diazoresin/poly(N-vinyl aminobutyric acid) covalent capillary coating for the analysis of proteins by capillary electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:725-30. [PMID: 24449602 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for the preparation of covalently linked capillary coatings of poly(N-vinyl aminobutyric acid) (PVAA) obtained from hydrolyzed polyvinylpyrrolidone was demonstrated using photosensitive diazoresin (DR) as a coupling agent. A layer-by-layer self-assembled film of DR and PVAA based on ionic bonding was first fabricated on the inner wall of capillary, then ionic bonding was converted into covalent bonding after treatment with UV light through a unique photochemical reaction of DR. The covalently bonded coatings suppressed protein adsorption on the inner surface of the capillary, and thus a baseline separation of lysozyme, cytochrome c, BSA, amyloglucosidase, and myoglobin was achieved using CE. Compared with bare capillary or noncovalently bonded DR/PVAA coatings, the covalently linked DR/PVAA capillary coatings not only improved the CE separation performance for proteins, but also exhibited good stability and repeatability. Due to the replacement of the highly toxic and moisture-sensitive silane coupling agent by DR in the covalent coating preparation, this method may provide a green and easy way to make covalently coated capillaries for CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for New Fiber Materials and Modern Textile - The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory, Qingdao University, China
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14
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Fu X, Liu H, Liu Y, Liu Y. Application of Chitosan and Its Derivatives in Analytical Chemistry: A Mini-Review. J Carbohydr Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2013.863318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Yu B, Cui W, Cong H, Jiao M, Liu P, Yang S. A novel diazoresin/polyethylene glycol covalent capillary coating for analysis of proteins by capillary electrophoresis. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra23328f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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16
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Man Y, Lv X, Iqbal J, Jia F, Xiao P, Hasan M, Li Q, Dai R, Geng L, Qing H, Deng Y. Adsorptive BSA Coating Method for CE to Separate Basic Proteins. Chromatographia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-012-2337-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Polymerized phospholipid bilayers as permanent coatings for small amine separations using mixed aqueous/organic capillary zone electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1267:80-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Wang C, Lee CS, Smith RD, Tang K. Ultrasensitive sample quantitation via selected reaction monitoring using CITP/CZE-ESI-triple quadrupole MS. Anal Chem 2012; 84:10395-403. [PMID: 23140208 DOI: 10.1021/ac302616m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the direct coupling of transient capillary isotachophoresis/capillary zone electrophoresis (CITP/CZE) with a high-sensitivity triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operating in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode for sample quantitation. The capability of CITP/CZE for in situ sample enrichment and separation has been shown to significantly improve the analytical figures of merit. A linear dynamic range spanning 4 orders of magnitude was observed. An average signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 49.6 was observed for 50 amol of targeted peptide in the presence of a complex and much more abundant bovine serum albumin (BSA) digest. Correlation of variation (CV) of <10% for peak area was measured from triplicate sample analyses at 50 pM peptide concentration, showing good reproducibility of this online CITP/CZE-SRM mass spectrometry (MS) platform, and with limit of quantitation (LOQ) demonstrated to be well below 50 pM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, 20742, United States
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Yu B, Liu P, Cong H, Tang J, Zhang L. Novel covalently coated diazoresin/polyvinyl alcohol capillary column for the analysis of proteins by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:3066-72. [PMID: 22996666 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel method for the preparation of covalently linked capillary coatings of PVA was demonstrated using photosensitive diazoresin (DR) as coupling agents. Layer-by-layer self-assembly film of DR and PVA based on hydrogen bonding was first fabricated on the inner wall of capillary, then the hydrogen bonding was converted into covalent bonding after treatment with UV light through the unique photochemistry reaction of DR. The covalently bonded coatings suppressed basic protein adsorption on the inner surface of capillary, and thus a baseline separation of lysozyme, cytochrome c and BSA was achieved using CE. Compared with bare capillary or noncovalently bonded DR/PVA coatings, the covalently linked DR/PVA capillary coatings not only improved the CE separation performance for proteins, but also exhibited good stability and repeatability. Due to the replacement of highly toxic and moisture-sensitive silane coupling agent by DR in the covalent coating preparation, this method may provide a green and easy way to make the covalently coated capillaries for CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yu
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, P. R. China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Geiger
- University of Minnesota, Department of Chemistry, 207
Pleasant Street South East, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Amy L. Hogerton
- University of Minnesota, Department of Chemistry, 207
Pleasant Street South East, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Michael T. Bowser
- University of Minnesota, Department of Chemistry, 207
Pleasant Street South East, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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