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Sun L, Ding X, Kang YJ. ABCE1 selectively promotes HIF-1α transactivation of angiogenic gene expression. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127307. [PMID: 37738929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper (Cu), by inhibiting the factor inhibiting HIF-1 (FIH-1), promotes the transcriptional activity of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). OBJECTIVE The present study was undertaken to understand the molecular mechanism by which Cu inhibits FIH-1. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) resulting in HIF-1α accumulation and the FIH-1 protein complexes were pulled down for candidate protein analysis. The metal binding sites were predicted by both MetalDetector V2.0 and Metal Ion-Binding Site Prediction Server, and then the actual ability to bind to Cu in vitro was tested by both Copper-Immobilized metal affinity chromatography (Cu-IMAC) and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC). Subsequently, subcellular localization was monitored by immunocytochemistry, GFP-fusion protein expression plasmid and Western blotting in the nuclear extract. The interaction of candidate protein with HIF-1α and FIH-1 was validated by Co-Immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). Finally, the effect of candidate protein on the FIH-1 structure and HIF-1α transcriptional activity was analyzed by the InterEvDock3 web server and real-time quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS ATP-binding cassette E1 (ABCE1) was present in the FIH-1 complexes and identified as a leading Cu-binding protein as indicated by a number of possible Cu binding sites. The ability of ABCE1 to bind Cu was demonstrated in vitro. ABCE1 entered the nucleus along with FIH-1 under hypoxic conditions. Protein interaction analysis revealed that ABCE1 prevented FIH-1 to bind iron ions, inhibiting FIH-1 enzymatic activity. ABCE1 silencing suppressed the expression of Cu-dependent HIF-1 target gene BNIP3, not that of Cu-independent IGF-2. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that ABCE1, as a Cu-binding protein, enters the nucleus under hypoxic conditions and inhibits FIH-1degradation of HIF-1α, thus promoting HIF-1 transactivation of angiogenic gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Sun
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueqin Ding
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y James Kang
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Long M, Krock B, Castrec J, Tillmann U. Unknown Extracellular and Bioactive Metabolites of the Genus Alexandrium: A Review of Overlooked Toxins. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:905. [PMID: 34941742 PMCID: PMC8703713 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Various species of Alexandrium can produce a number of bioactive compounds, e.g., paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs), spirolides, gymnodimines, goniodomins, and also uncharacterised bioactive extracellular compounds (BECs). The latter metabolites are released into the environment and affect a large range of organisms (from protists to fishes and mammalian cell lines). These compounds mediate allelochemical interactions, have anti-grazing and anti-parasitic activities, and have a potentially strong structuring role for the dynamic of Alexandrium blooms. In many studies evaluating the effects of Alexandrium on marine organisms, only the classical toxins were reported and the involvement of BECs was not considered. A lack of information on the presence/absence of BECs in experimental strains is likely the cause of contrasting results in the literature that render impossible a distinction between PSTs and BECs effects. We review the knowledge on Alexandrium BEC, (i.e., producing species, target cells, physiological effects, detection methods and molecular candidates). Overall, we highlight the need to identify the nature of Alexandrium BECs and urge further research on the chemical interactions according to their ecological importance in the planktonic chemical warfare and due to their potential collateral damage to a wide range of organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Long
- IFREMER, Centre de Brest, DYNECO Pelagos, 29280 Plouzané, France;
| | - Bernd Krock
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany;
| | - Justine Castrec
- University Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, LEMAR, 29280 Plouzané, France;
- Station de Recherches Sous-Marines et Océanographiques (STARESO), Punta Revellata, BP33, 20260 Calvi, France
| | - Urban Tillmann
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany;
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3
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Li H, Cao M, Watson J, Zhang Y, Liu Z. In Situ hydrochar regulates Cu fate and speciation: Insights into transformation mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 410:124616. [PMID: 33248821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cu is one of the dominant heavy metals toxic to human health and environmental ecosystems. Understanding its fate and chemical speciation is of great importance for hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of Cu-rich hazardous streams. Herein, we investigated its evolution during the HTL of wastewater algae through ICP-MS, XRD, XANES, and EXAFS. Cu-cysteine complexes (51.5%) and Cu2S (40.4%) were the main components of Cu in algae, whereas the predominant form was CuS (70.9%) in 220 °C-hydrochar. Model compound experiments indicated that Cu-cysteine could be converted into CuS, while Cu2S was stable during HTL. However, Cu2S was partially converted into CuS in the hydrochar. Subsequently, the positive Gibbs free energy (36.8 KJ/mol) indicates that the oxidation from Cu+ to Cu2+ can't occur spontaneously. Furthermore, cyclic voltammograms demonstrated that hydrochar facilitated the oxidation of Cu2S due to its higher capability of electron acceptance. All these results prove that hydrochar serves as a catalyst for the conversion of Cu2S to CuS during HTL. This study firstly elucidated that Cu2S was oxidized into CuS in the presence of hydrochar, and Cu-cysteine was converted into CuS under HTL. This study provides a critical insight into the transformation mechanism of Cu during the HTL of hazardous streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugang Li
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Maojiong Cao
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jamison Watson
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yuanhui Zhang
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Zhidan Liu
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100083, China.
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4
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Shiny Matilda C, Madhusudan I, Gaurav Isola R, Shanthi C. Potential of proteomics to probe microbes. J Basic Microbiol 2020; 60:471-483. [PMID: 32212201 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An organism exposed to a plethora of environmental perturbations undergoes proteomic changes which enable the characterization of total proteins in it. Much of the proteomic information is obtained from genomic data. Additional information on the proteome such as posttranslational modifications, protein-protein interactions, protein localization, metabolic pathways, and so on are deduced using proteomic tools which genomics and transcriptomics fail to offer. The proteomic analysis allows identification of precise changes in proteins, which in turn solve the complexity of microbial population providing insights into the microbial metabolism, cellular pathways, and behavior of microorganisms in new environments. Furthermore, they provide clues for the exploitation of their special features for biotechnological applications. Numerous techniques for the analysis of microbial proteome such as electrophoretic, chromatographic, mass spectrometric-based methods as well as quantitative proteomics are available which facilitate protein separation, expression, identification, and quantification of proteins. An understanding of the potential of each of the proteomic tools has created a significant impact on diverse microbiological aspects and the same has been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chellaiah Shiny Matilda
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - Iyengar Madhusudan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - Ravi Gaurav Isola
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - Chittibabu Shanthi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Çimen
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilay Bereli
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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6
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Enrichment and Identification of Metallothionein by Functionalized Nano-Magnetic Particles and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(18)61096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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7
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Barwinska-Sendra A, Waldron KJ. The Role of Intermetal Competition and Mis-Metalation in Metal Toxicity. Adv Microb Physiol 2017; 70:315-379. [PMID: 28528650 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The metals manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and zinc are essential for almost all bacteria, but their precise metal requirements vary by species, by ecological niche and by growth condition. Bacteria thus must acquire each of these essential elements in sufficient quantity to satisfy their cellular demand, but in excess these same elements are toxic. Metal toxicity has been exploited by humanity for centuries, and by the mammalian immune system for far longer, yet the mechanisms by which these elements cause toxicity to bacteria are not fully understood. There has been a resurgence of interest in metal toxicity in recent decades due to the problematic spread of antibiotic resistance amongst bacterial pathogens, which has led to an increased research effort to understand these toxicity mechanisms at the molecular level. A recurring theme from these studies is the role of intermetal competition in bacterial metal toxicity. In this review, we first survey biological metal usage and introduce some fundamental chemical concepts that are important for understanding bacterial metal usage and toxicity. Then we introduce a simple model by which to understand bacterial metal homeostasis in terms of the distribution of each essential metal ion within cellular 'pools', and dissect how these pools interact with each other and with key proteins of bacterial metal homeostasis. Finally, using a number of key examples from the recent literature, we look at specific metal toxicity mechanisms in model bacteria, demonstrating the role of metal-metal competition in the toxicity mechanisms of diverse essential metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Barwinska-Sendra
- Institute for Cell & Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin J Waldron
- Institute for Cell & Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
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8
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Bo C, Wang C, Wei Y. Novel bis(5-methyltetrazolium)amine ligand-bonded stationary phase with reduced leakage of metal ions in immobilized metal affinity chromatography of proteins. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:7595-7605. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9826-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Zhang H, Xia Y, Chen C, Zhuang K, Song Y, Shen Z. Analysis of Copper-Binding Proteins in Rice Radicles Exposed to Excess Copper and Hydrogen Peroxide Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1216. [PMID: 27582750 PMCID: PMC4987373 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for plants, but excess Cu can inactivate and disturb the protein function due to unavoidable binding to proteins at the cellular level. As a redox-active metal, Cu toxicity is mediated by the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cu-binding structural motifs may alleviate Cu-induced damage by decreasing free Cu(2+) activity in cytoplasm or scavenging ROS. The identification of Cu-binding proteins involved in the response of plants to Cu or ROS toxicity may increase our understanding the mechanisms of metal toxicity and tolerance in plants. This study investigated change of Cu-binding proteins in radicles of germinating rice seeds under excess Cu and oxidative stress using immobilized Cu(2+) affinity chromatography, two-dimensional electrophoresis, and mass spectra analysis. Quantitative image analysis revealed that 26 protein spots showed more than a 1.5-fold difference in abundances under Cu or H2O2 treatment compared to the control. The identified Cu-binding proteins were involved in anti-oxidative defense, stress response and detoxification, protein synthesis, protein modification, and metabolism regulation. The present results revealed that 17 out of 24 identified Cu-binding proteins have a similar response to low concentration Cu (20 μM Cu) and H2O2 stress, and 5 out of 24 were increased under low and high concentration Cu (100 μM Cu) but unaffected under H2O2 stress, which hint Cu ions can regulate Cu-binding proteins accumulation by H2O2 or no H2O2 pathway to cope with excess Cu in cell. The change pattern of these Cu-binding proteins and their function analysis warrant to further study the roles of Cu ions in these Cu-binding proteins of plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiao Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang, China
| | - Yan Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Kai Zhuang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Song
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing, China
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10
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Adams MS, Dillon CT, Vogt S, Lai B, Stauber J, Jolley DF. Copper Uptake, Intracellular Localization, and Speciation in Marine Microalgae Measured by Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Fluorescence and Absorption Microspectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:8827-39. [PMID: 27437565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal toxicity to aquatic organisms depends on the speciation of the metal and its binding to the critical receptor site(s) (biotic ligand) of the organism. The intracellular nature of the biotic ligand for Cu in microalgal cells was investigated using the high elemental sensitivity of microprobe synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES). The marine microalgae, Ceratoneis closterium, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and Tetraselmis sp. were selected based on their varying sensitivities to Cu (72-h 50% population growth inhibitions of 8-47 μg Cu/L). Intracellular Cu in control cells was similar for all three species (2.5-3.2 × 10(-15) g Cu/cell) and increased 4-fold in C. closterium and Tetraselmis sp. when exposed to copper, but was unchanged in P. tricornutum (72-h exposure to 19, 40, and 40 μg Cu/L, respectively). Whole cell microprobe SR-XRF identified endogenous Cu in the central compartment (cytoplasm) of control (unexposed) cells. After Cu exposure, Cu was colocated with organelles/granules dense in P, S, Ca, and Si and this was clearly evident in thin sections of Tetraselmis sp. XANES indicated coexistence of Cu(I) and Cu(II) in control and Cu-exposed cells, with the Cu ligand (e.g., phytochelatin) in P. tricornutum different from that in C. closterium and Tetraselmis sp. This study supports the hypothesis that Cu(II) is reduced to Cu(I) and that polyphosphate bodies and phytochelatins play a significant role in the internalization and detoxification of Cu in marine microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merrin S Adams
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water Flagship , Locked Bag 2007, Kirrawee 2232, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong , Wollongong 2522, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carolyn T Dillon
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong , Wollongong 2522, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stefan Vogt
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Barry Lai
- X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jennifer Stauber
- Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research, CSIRO Land and Water Flagship , Locked Bag 2007, Kirrawee 2232, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dianne F Jolley
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong , Wollongong 2522, New South Wales, Australia
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11
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Ge Y, Ning Z, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Zhang C, Figeys D. Quantitative proteomic analysis of Dunaliella salina upon acute arsenate exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 145:112-118. [PMID: 26688246 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Dunaliella salina is resistant to arsenic (As) and can accumulate a large amount of this highly toxic metalloid in cells. To study the mechanisms of As tolerance, a label-free, LC-MS/MS-based proteomic approach was applied for the first time to identify and quantify differentially expressed proteins from D. salina exposed to 11.2 mg L(-1) arsenate (As(V)) for 72 h. The intracellular As content reached 19.8 mg kg(-1), leading to a significant increase of lipid peroxidation in cells and a 7.4% growth reduction of this microalga. Sixty-five proteins were differentially expressed (p < 0.05), with 45 significantly induced and 20 declined. These proteins were involved in energy metabolism, protein synthesis and folding, ROS scavenging and defense, phosphate transport and membrane trafficking, and amino acid synthesis. Taken together, this study provides novel insights on the As(V) detoxification in D. salina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ge
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Zhibin Ning
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Ya Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanheng Zheng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chunhua Zhang
- Demonstration Laboratory of Proteomics Research, Laboratory Centre of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Daniel Figeys
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1H 8M5, Canada.
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Smith CL, Steele JE, Stauber JL, Jolley DF. Copper-induced changes in intracellular thiols in two marine diatoms: Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Ceratoneis closterium. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 156:211-220. [PMID: 25261820 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Phytochelatins and glutathione (reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG)) are important intracellular ligands involved in metal sequestration and detoxification in algae. Intracellular ratios of GSH:GSSG are sensitive indicators of metal stress in algae, and like phytochelatin production are influenced by metal speciation, concentration, exposure time and the biological species. This study investigated the effect of copper exposure on phytochelatin and glutathione content in two marine diatoms Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Ceratoneis closterium at various time intervals between 0.5 and 72h. Liberation of cellular glutathione and phytochelatins was optimised using freeze/thaw cycles and chemical extraction, respectively. Extracted phytochelatins were derivatised (by fluorescent tagging of thiol compounds), separated and quantified using HPLC with fluorescence detection. Glutathione ratios were determined using a commercially available kit, which uses the enzyme glutathione reductase to measure total and oxidised glutathione. Despite similarities in size and shape between the two diatoms, differences in internalised copper, phytochelatin production (both chain length and quantity) and reduced glutathione concentrations were observed. P. tricornutum maintained reduced glutathione at between 58 and 80% of total glutathione levels at all time points, which would indicate low cellular stress. In C. closterium reduced glutathione constituted <10% of total glutathione after 48h. P. tricornutum also produced more phytochelatins and phytochelatins of longer chain length than C. closterium despite the latter species internalising significantly more copper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica E Steele
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | | | - Dianne F Jolley
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
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Barnett JP, Scanlan DJ, Blindauer CA. Identification of major zinc-binding proteins from a marine cyanobacterium: insight into metal uptake in oligotrophic environments. Metallomics 2014; 6:1254-68. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00048j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The open ocean cyanobacteriumSynechococcussp. WH8102 thrives at extremely low zinc concentrations. Metalloproteomics experiments have identified an outer-membrane bound porin with zinc-binding ability that is upregulated at low zinc levels, suggesting a role for porins in highly efficient zinc uptake.
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