1
|
Jongebloed UA, Schauer AJ, Cole-Dai J, Larrick CG, Porter WC, Tashmim L, Zhai S, Salimi S, Edouard SR, Geng L, Alexander B. Industrial-era decline in Arctic methanesulfonic acid is offset by increased biogenic sulfate aerosol. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2307587120. [PMID: 37976260 PMCID: PMC10666112 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307587120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine phytoplankton are primary producers in ocean ecosystems and emit dimethyl sulfide (DMS) into the atmosphere. DMS emissions are the largest biological source of atmospheric sulfur and are one of the largest uncertainties in global climate modeling. DMS is oxidized to methanesulfonic acid (MSA), sulfur dioxide, and hydroperoxymethyl thioformate, all of which can be oxidized to sulfate. Ice core records of MSA are used to investigate past DMS emissions but rely on the implicit assumption that the relative yield of oxidation products from DMS remains constant. However, this assumption is uncertain because there are no long-term records that compare MSA to other DMS oxidation products. Here, we share the first long-term record of both MSA and DMS-derived biogenic sulfate concentration in Greenland ice core samples from 1200 to 2006 CE. While MSA declines on average by 0.2 µg S kg-1 over the industrial era, biogenic sulfate from DMS increases by 0.8 µg S kg-1. This increasing biogenic sulfate contradicts previous assertions of declining North Atlantic primary productivity inferred from decreasing MSA concentrations in Greenland ice cores over the industrial era. The changing ratio of MSA to biogenic sulfate suggests that trends in MSA could be caused by time-varying atmospheric chemistry and that MSA concentrations alone should not be used to infer past primary productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew J. Schauer
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Jihong Cole-Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD57007
| | - Carleigh G. Larrick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD57007
| | - William C. Porter
- Department of Environmental Science, University of California, Riverside, CA92521
| | - Linia Tashmim
- Department of Environmental Science, University of California, Riverside, CA92521
| | - Shuting Zhai
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Sara Salimi
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Shana R. Edouard
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Lei Geng
- Deep Space Exploration Laboratory, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China230052
| | - Becky Alexander
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li D, Huang W, Huang R. Analysis of environmental pollutants using ion chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131952. [PMID: 37399723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The rise of emerging pollutants in the current environment and requirements of trace analysis in complex substrates pose challenges to modern analytical techniques. Ion chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (IC-MS) is the preferred tool for analyzing emerging pollutants due to its excellent separation ability for polar and ionic compounds with small molecular weight and high detection sensitivity and selectivity. This paper reviews the progress of sample preparation and ion-exchange IC-MS methods in the analysis of several major categories of environmental polar and ionic pollutants including perchlorate, inorganic and organic phosphorus compounds, metalloids and heavy metals, polar pesticides, and disinfection by-products in past two decades. The comparison of various methods to reduce the influence of matrix effect and improve the accuracy and sensitivity of analysis are emphasized throughout the process from sample preparation to instrumental analysis. Furthermore, the human health risks of these pollutants in the environment with natural concentration levels in different environmental medias are also briefly discussed to raise public attention. Finally, the future challenges of IC-MS for analysis of environmental pollutants are briefly discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dazhen Li
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Universities on Environmental Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Weixiong Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, Hubei, China.
| | - Rongfu Huang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Universities on Environmental Science and Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Barbaro E, Feltracco M, Spagnesi A, Dallo F, Gabrieli J, De Blasi F, Zannoni D, Cairns WRL, Gambaro A, Barbante C. Fast Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Vanillic and Syringic Acids in Ice Cores. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5344-5351. [PMID: 35319865 PMCID: PMC8988124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The development of
new analytical systems and the improvement of
the existing ones to obtain high-resolution measurements of chemical
markers in samples from ice cores, is one of the main challenges the
paleoclimatic scientific community is facing. Different chemical species
can be used as markers for tracking emission sources or specific environmental
processes. Although some markers, such as methane sulfonic acid (a
proxy of marine productivity), are commonly used, there is a lack
of data on other organic tracers in ice cores, making their continuous
analysis analytically challenging. Here, we present an innovative
combination of fast liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass
spectrometry (FLC-MS/MS) to continuously determine organic markers
in ice cores. After specific optimization, this approach was applied
to the quantification of vanillic and syringic acids, two specific
markers for biomass burning. Using the validated method, detection
limits of 3.6 and 4.6 pg mL–1 for vanillic and syringic
acids, respectively, were achieved. Thanks to the coupling of FLC-MS/MS
with the continuous flow analytical system, we obtained one measurement
every 30 s, which corresponds to a sampling resolution of a sample
every 1.5 cm with a melting rate of 3.0 cm min–1. To check the robustness of the method, we analyzed two parallel
sticks of an alpine ice core over more than 5 h. Vanillic acid was
found with concentrations in the range of picograms per milliliter,
suggesting the combustion of coniferous trees, which are found throughout
the Italian Alps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Barbaro
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISP), Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy.,Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy
| | - Matteo Feltracco
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISP), Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy.,Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy
| | - Azzurra Spagnesi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy
| | - Federico Dallo
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy.,Center for the Built Environment, University of California, 390 Wurster Hall #1839, Berkeley, California 94720-1839, United States
| | - Jacopo Gabrieli
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISP), Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy.,Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy
| | - Fabrizio De Blasi
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISP), Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy.,Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy
| | - Daniele Zannoni
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy.,Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Postboks 7803, Bergen NO-5020, Norway
| | - Warren R L Cairns
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISP), Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy.,Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy
| | - Andrea Gambaro
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISP), Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy.,Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy
| | - Carlo Barbante
- Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (CNR-ISP), Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy.,Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino, Venice Mestre (VE) 155-30172, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Acevedo-Barrios R, Rubiano-Labrador C, Miranda-Castro W. Presence of perchlorate in marine sediments from Antarctica during 2017-2020. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:102. [PMID: 35038007 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09765-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate of natural origin is a persistent pollutant that affects thyroid function by inhibiting iodine uptake, and this pollutant is frequently detected in different ecosystems at concentrations that can harm human health. In this study, we measured the perchlorate concentrations in 3,000 marine sediment samples from January to March in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 during the 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th Colombian Scientific Expeditions to Antarctica. The sampling zones were located at 15 different points on the South Shetland Islands and Antarctic Peninsula, and they were measured using a selective perchlorate electrode. The concentration data indicate that perchlorate reached a minimum concentration of 90 ppm on Horseshoe Island and a maximum concentration of 465 ppm on Deception Island, suggesting a spatial variation in perchlorate concentrations that can be attributed to the natural formation of this pollutant due to volcanic eruptions. Additionally, homogeneous distribution of perchlorate was not observed in Antarctica.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Acevedo-Barrios
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos y Biológicos, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena, 130010, Colombia.
| | - Carolina Rubiano-Labrador
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos y Biológicos, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena, 130010, Colombia
| | - Wendy Miranda-Castro
- Grupo de Estudios Químicos y Biológicos, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena, 130010, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
A highly-efficient and cost-effective pretreatment method for selective extraction and detection of perchlorate in tea and dairy products. Food Chem 2020; 328:127113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
6
|
Wang C, Chen H, Zhu L, Liu X, Lu C. Accurate, sensitive and rapid determination of perchlorate in tea by hydrophilic interaction chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:3592-3599. [PMID: 32701081 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00811g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate is an environmental contaminant interrupting thyroid hormone production, and perchlorate in tea has raised wide concern recently. In this study, an accurate method was developed for the determination of perchlorate in tea using hydrophilic interaction chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and a simplified QuEChERS procedure. The method utilized a zwitterion HILIC column for separation, and the optimal gradient eluents consisted of acetonitrile and aqueous solution with 0.1% formic acid and 20 mmol L-1 ammonium formate. Calibration curves were fitted by the quadratic model with 1/x weight instead of the linear model. As perchlorate was only partially extractable when using acetonitrile or methanol as the extraction solvent, acetonitrile/water (1 : 1, v/v) was chosen to extract perchlorate from tea samples. Graphitized carbon black was used as the dispersive solid phase extraction sorbent to clean up tea extracts. The method exhibited satisfactory accuracy with recoveries of 81.4-100.9% and relative standard deviations of 1.3-14.5% for green and black teas. The limit of quantitation was 0.005 mg kg-1, while the limits of detection were 0.0011 mg kg-1 for green tea and 0.0013 mg kg-1 for black tea, indicating an excellent sensitivity of this method. A 100% positive rate of perchlorate was found in 100 real tea samples, and the concentrations ranged from 0.0030 mg kg-1 to 0.78 mg kg-1. This accurate, sensitive and rapid method would be suitable for monitoring, risk assessment and source identification of perchlorate in tea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310008, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Du Z, Xiao C, Furdui VI, Zhang W. The perchlorate record during 1956-2004 from Tienshan ice core, East Asia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 656:1121-1132. [PMID: 30625644 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Perchlorate concentration in a shallow ice core at Tienshan, East Asia ranged between 0.55 and 52.1 ng L-1, with significant temporal variations during 1956-2004. Since the 1980s, a clear increasing trend of perchlorate was observed in the Miaoergou ice core, possibly the result of elevated stratospheric chlorine levels caused by emissions of anthropogenic volatile chlorine compounds. Although differences in trends and amounts were observed, the 1956-2004 perchlorate data from this study compares well with the perchlorate data from the High Arctic ice cores. The spatial and temporal differences of the perchlorate in Miaoergou ice core may be due to differences in anthropogenic sources. Such as, the nitrate ore field in Turpan-Hami Basin in eastern Xinjiang, China, may be the primary anthropogenic source. From the organic chlorine species emission data, HCFC-141b, HCFC-142b and HCFC-124 were identified as the primary anthropogenic sources responsible for the two perchlorate spikes observed for 1980-1996 and 1997-2001. The Miaoergou ice core covering the 1956-2004 period provides further evidence for the perchlorate deposition variations between mid-latitudes and the High Arctic regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Cunde Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Vasile I Furdui
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, ON M9P 3V6, Canada
| | - Wangbin Zhang
- Nanjing University School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cole-Dai J, Peterson KM, Kennedy JA, Cox TS, Ferris DG. Evidence of Influence of Human Activities and Volcanic Eruptions on Environmental Perchlorate from a 300-Year Greenland Ice Core Record. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:8373-8380. [PMID: 29943569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A 300-year (1700-2007) chronological record of environmental perchlorate, reconstructed from high-resolution analysis of a central Greenland ice core, shows that perchlorate levels in the post-1980 atm were two-to-three times those of the pre-1980 environment. While this confirms recent reports of increased perchlorate in Arctic snow since 1980 compared with the levels for the prior decades (1930-1980), the longer Greenland record demonstrates that the Industrial Revolution and other human activities, which emitted large quantities of pollutants and contaminants, did not significantly impact environmental perchlorate, as perchlorate levels remained stable throughout the 18th, 19th, and much of the 20th centuries. The increased levels since 1980 likely result from enhanced atmospheric perchlorate production, rather than from direct release from perchlorate manufacturing and applications. The enhancement is probably influenced by the emission of organic chlorine compounds in the last several decades. Prior to 1980, no significant long-term temporal trends in perchlorate concentration are observed. Brief (a few years) high-concentration episodes appear frequently over an apparently stable and low background (∼1 ng kg-1). Several such episodes coincide in time with large explosive volcanic eruptions including the 1912 Novarupta/Katmai eruption in Alaska. It appears that atmospheric perchlorate production is impacted by large eruptions in both high- and low-latitudes, but not by small eruptions and nonexplosive degassing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Cole-Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , South Dakota State University , Avera Health and Science Center , Box 2202, Brookings , South Dakota 57007 , United States
| | - Kari M Peterson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , South Dakota State University , Avera Health and Science Center , Box 2202, Brookings , South Dakota 57007 , United States
| | - Joshua A Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , South Dakota State University , Avera Health and Science Center , Box 2202, Brookings , South Dakota 57007 , United States
| | - Thomas S Cox
- Department of Physical Sciences , Butte College , Oroville , California 95965 , United States
| | - David G Ferris
- Department of Earth Sciences , Dartmouth College , Hanover , New Hampshire 03755 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gilchrist ES, Healy DA, Morris VN, Glennon JD. A review of oxyhalide disinfection by-products determination in water by ion chromatography and ion chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 942:12-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|