1
|
Ouyang D, Wang C, Zhong C, Lin J, Xu G, Wang G, Lin Z. Organic metal chalcogenide-assisted metabolic molecular diagnosis of central precocious puberty. Chem Sci 2023; 15:278-284. [PMID: 38131069 PMCID: PMC10732007 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05633c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic analysis in biofluids based on laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS), featuring rapidity, simplicity, small sample volume and high throughput, is expected to be a powerful diagnostic tool. Nevertheless, the signals of most metabolic biomarkers obtained by matrix-assisted LDI-MS are too limited to achieve a highly accurate diagnosis due to serious background interference. To address this issue, nanomaterials have been frequently adopted in LDI-MS as substrates. However, the "trial and error" approach still dominates the development of new substrates. Therefore, rational design of novel LDI-MS substrates showing high desorption/ionization efficiency and no background interference is extremely desired. Herein, four few-layered organic metal chalcogenides (OMCs) were precisely designed and for the first time investigated as substrates in LDI-MS, which allowed a favorable internal energy and charge transfer by changing the functional groups of organic ligands and metal nodes. As a result, the optimized OMC-assisted platform satisfyingly enhanced the mass signal by ≈10 000 fold in detecting typical metabolites and successfully detected different saccharides. In addition, a high accuracy diagnosis of central precocious puberty (CPP) with potential biomarkers of 12 metabolites was realized. This work is not only expected to provide a universal detection tool for large-scale clinical diagnosis, but also provides an idea for the design and selection of LDI-MS substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ouyang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
| | - Chuanzhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
| | - Juan Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Governmental Hospital Fuzhou 350003 China
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Guane Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Zian Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li H, Deng R, Tavakoli H, Li X, Li X. Ultrasensitive detection of acephate based on carbon quantum dot-mediated fluorescence inner filter effects. Analyst 2022; 147:5462-5469. [PMID: 36318045 PMCID: PMC9733495 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01552h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Acephate is an organophosphorus pesticide (OP) that is widely used to control insects in agricultural fields such as in vegetables and fruits. Toxic OPs can enter human and animal bodies and eventually lead to chronic or acute poisoning. However, traditional enzyme inhibition and colorimetric methods for OPs detection usually require complicated detection procedures and prolonged time and have low detection sensitivity. High-sensitivity monitoring of trace levels of acephate residues is of great significance to food safety and human health. Here, we developed a simple method for ultrasensitive quantitative detection of acephate based on the carbon quantum dot (CQD)-mediated fluorescence inner filter effect (IFE). In this method, the fluorescence from CQDs at 460 nm is quenched by 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP) and the resulting fluorescence from DAP at 558 nm is through an IFE mechanism between CQDs and DAP, producing ratiometric responses. The ratiometric signal I558/I460 was found to exhibit a linear relationship with the concentration of acephate. The detection limit of this method was 0.052 ppb, which is far lower than the standards for acephate from China and EU in food safety administration. The ratiometric fluorescence sensor was further validated by testing spiked samples of tap water and pear, indicating its great potential for sensitive detection of trace OPs in complex matrixes of real samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiqin Li
- Institute of Biomedical Precision Testing and Instrumentation, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong 030600, P.R. China.
| | - Rong Deng
- Institute of Biomedical Precision Testing and Instrumentation, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong 030600, P.R. China.
| | - Hamed Tavakoli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Forensic Science, & Environmental Science & Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, Texas 79968, USA.
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Institute of Biomedical Precision Testing and Instrumentation, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Jinzhong 030600, P.R. China.
| | - XiuJun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Forensic Science, & Environmental Science & Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W University Ave, El Paso, Texas 79968, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorns as Boosting Surface for the Analysis of Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds by SALDI-MS. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095027. [PMID: 35563418 PMCID: PMC9100638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Limits of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) in the study of small molecules are due to matrix-related interfering species in the low m/z range. Single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWCNH) were here evaluated as a specific surface for the rapid analysis of amino acids and lipids by Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (SALDI). The method was optimized for detecting twenty amino acids, mainly present as cationized species, with the [M+K]+ response generally 2-time larger than the [M+Na]+ one. The [M+Na]+/[M+K]+ signals ratio was tentatively correlated with the molecular weight, dipole moment and binding affinity, to describe the amino acids’ coordination ability. The SWCNH-based surface was also tested for analyzing triglycerides in olive oil samples, showing promising results in determining the percentage composition of fatty acids without any sample treatment. Results indicated that SWCNH is a promising substrate for the SALDI-MS analysis of low molecular weight compounds with different polarities, enlarging the analytical platforms for MALDI applications.
Collapse
|
4
|
Engel KM, Prabutzki P, Leopold J, Nimptsch A, Lemmnitzer K, Vos DRN, Hopf C, Schiller J. A new update of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in lipid research. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 86:101145. [PMID: 34995672 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) is an indispensable tool in modern lipid research since it is fast, sensitive, tolerates sample impurities and provides spectra without major analyte fragmentation. We will discuss some methodological aspects, the related ion-forming processes and the MALDI MS characteristics of the different lipid classes (with the focus on glycerophospholipids) and the progress, which was achieved during the last ten years. Particular attention will be given to quantitative aspects of MALDI MS since this is widely considered as the most serious drawback of the method. Although the detailed role of the matrix is not yet completely understood, it will be explicitly shown that the careful choice of the matrix is crucial (besides the careful evaluation of the positive and negative ion mass spectra) in order to be able to detect all lipid classes of interest. Two developments will be highlighted: spatially resolved Imaging MS is nowadays well established and the distribution of lipids in tissues merits increasing interest because lipids are readily detectable and represent ubiquitous compounds. It will also be shown that a combination of MALDI MS with thin-layer chromatography (TLC) enables a fast spatially resolved screening of an entire TLC plate which makes the method competitive with LC/MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin M Engel
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - Patricia Prabutzki
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - Jenny Leopold
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - Ariane Nimptsch
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - Katharina Lemmnitzer
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany
| | - D R Naomi Vos
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10, D-68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jürgen Schiller
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstraße 16-18, D-04107, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ding Y, Pei C, Shu W, Wan J. Inorganic Matrices Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Metabolic Analysis in Bio-fluids. Chem Asian J 2021; 17:e202101310. [PMID: 34964274 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202101310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic analysis in bio-fluids interprets the end products in the bio-process, emerging as an irreplaceable disease diagnosis and monitoring platform. Laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI MS) based metabolic analysis exhibits great potential for clinical applications in terms of high throughput, rapid signal readout, and minimal sample preparation. There are two essential elements to construct the LDI MS-based metabolic analysis: 1) well-designed nanomaterials as matrices; 2) machine learning algorithms for data analysis. This review highlights the development of various inorganic matrices to comprehend the advantages of LDI MS in metabolite detection and the recent diagnostic applications based on target metabolite detection and untargeted metabolic fingerprints in biological fluids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Ding
- East China Normal University, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, CHINA
| | - Congcong Pei
- East China Normal University, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, CHINA
| | - Weikang Shu
- East China Normal University, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, CHINA
| | - Jingjing Wan
- East China Normal University, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, No.500, Dongchuan Road, Minghang District, 200241, Shanghai, CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhao H, Li Y, Zhao H, Zhao Z, Wang J, Zhang R. Yolk-shell Ni/NiO anchored on N-doped graphene synthesized as dual-ion MALDI matrix for detecting and imaging bioactive small molecules. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 613:285-296. [PMID: 35042029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is an attractive tool to analyze the bioactive small molecules but remains a great challenge owing to the serious background interference from conventional matrix with m/z < 1000. Herein, we reported a dual-ion MALDI matrix of yolk-shell Ni/NiO nanoparticles anchored on nitrogen-doped graphene (Ni/NiO/N-Gr) to enhance MALDI performance. The Ni/NiO/N-Gr was synthesized via the pyrolysis and controllable oxidation strategy based on the nanoscale regulation of Kirkendall effect. The novel matrix showed the superior behavior for the analysis of various small molecular metabolites (amino acids, saccharides, spermidine, creatinine, hippuric acid, dopamine, and ascorbic acid) with high sensitivity, excellent salt tolerance, and favorable reproducibility in dual-ion modes compared to the traditional α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) and control substances (Ni/N-Gr and NiO/N-Gr). Meanwhile, we have realized accurate quantitation of blood glucose in mice with a linearity concentration range of 0.2-7.5 mM and qualitative detection of various endogenous small molecular metabolites in mice serum and urine samples. Especially, the Ni/NiO/N-Gr assisted LDI MS imaging (MSI) has exhibited the excellent spatial distribution of lipids in hippocampus region of mice brain. These results may provide an approach to explore the MALDI MS and MSI applications in clinical diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; The Radiology Department of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Yanqiu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Analytical Instrumentation Center & State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Huayu Zhao
- The Radiology Department of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Analytical Instrumentation Center & State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Junying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials, Analytical Instrumentation Center & State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- The Radiology Department of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Guo L, Xiao C, Li J, Lin X, Zhao N, Wang X, Dong L, Guo X. Re-exploring α-Cyano-4-Hydroxycinnamic Acid as a Reactive Matrix for Selective Detection of Glutathione via MALDI-MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2837-2841. [PMID: 34761928 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we re-explored α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) as a reactive matrix for selective and sensitive analysis of glutathione (GSH) by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). CHCA efficiently reacted with GSH, and the resulting CHCA-GSH conjugate was readily detected by MALDI-MS without interferences. The detection limit of the CHCA-GSH conjugate decreased to 200 pmol μL-1, which was 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of pure GSH.Forapplication, CHCA was successfully applied for the detection of GSH, present in HepG2 cell lysates. The results demonstrated detection advantages of simple, high-throughput, and selective and screening of GSH in biological samples by MALDI-MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lejuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinhua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ma W, Li J, Li X, Bai Y, Liu H. Nanostructured Substrates as Matrices for Surface Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry: A Progress Report from Material Research to Biomedical Applications. SMALL METHODS 2021; 5:e2100762. [PMID: 34927930 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202100762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Within the past two decades, the escalation of research output in nanotechnology fields has boosted the development of novel nanoparticles and nanostructured substrates for use as matrices in surface assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS). The application of nanomaterials as matrices, rather than organic matrices, offers remarkable characteristics that allow the analysis of small molecules with fewer matrix interfering peaks, and share higher detection sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility. The technological advancement of SALDI-MS has in turn, propelled the application of the analytical technique in the field of biomedical analysis. In this review, the properties and fabrication methods of nanostructured substrates in SALDI-MS such as metallic-, carbon-, and silicon-based nanostructures, quantum dots, metal-organic frameworks, and covalent-organic frameworks are described. Additionally, the latest progress (most within 5 years) of biomedical applications in small molecule, large biomolecule, and MS imaging analysis including metabolite profiling, drug monitoring, bacteria identification, disease diagnosis, and therapeutic evaluation are demonstrated. Key parameters that govern nanomaterial's SALDI efficiency in biomolecule analysis are also discussed. Finally, perspectives of the future development are given to provide a better advancement and promote practical application in clinical MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xianjiang Li
- Division of Metrology in Chemistry, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fullerenol as a water-soluble MALDI-MS matrix for rapid analysis of small molecules and efficient quantification of saccharin sodium in foods. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1178:122819. [PMID: 34130205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Due to the strong background interferences in the low-mass region and poor reproducibility of conventional organic matrices, it is of great importance to develop a novel matrix for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze small molecules. In this work, water-soluble fullerenol C60(OH)24-26 was selected as a MALDI matrix for the analysis of low-molecular-weight compounds in consideration of optical absorption property, water solubility and stability. Compared with the traditional matrices, fullerenol demonstrated lower background interference and stronger peak intensity. In addition, the hydrophilic fullerenol could avoid the heterogeneous crystallization in sample preparation, increase the reproducibility and sensitivity of MALDI-MS, and ameliorate quantitative analysis of small molecules. With saccharin as model analyte, quantitative analysis was carried out using fullerenol as matrix. The results demonstrated satisfying reproducibility and good tolerance to salt. The limit-of-detection of the quantitative analysis was as low as 4 pmol, and the linear range is 1-100 μg mL-1 with R2 greater than 0.99. The analytical results also showed excellent precision and accuracy, low matrix effect and good recovery rate. Fullerenol as a potential matrix was further validated in the quantification of saccharin sodium in different real food samples, such as nuts and drinks. This work not only confirms the potential of fullerenol for the quantitative analysis in food field, but also provides a new technique for rapid analysis of small molecules.
Collapse
|
10
|
Yukird J, Kaminsky CJ, Chailapakul O, Rodthongkum N, Vachet RW. Enhanced and Selective MALDI-MS Detection of Peptides via the Nanomaterial-Dependent Coffee Ring Effect. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:1780-1788. [PMID: 34048651 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been explored as alternative matrices in MALDI-MS to overcome some of the limitations of conventional matrices. Recently, we demonstrated a new means by which nanomaterials can improve peptide ionization and detection in MALDI-MS analyses by exploiting the tendency of nanomaterials to form "coffee rings" upon drying from liquids. In the current work, we investigate how nanomaterial size and composition affect the signal enhancement of peptides through the coffee-ring effect. From studies of eight different types of nanomaterials ranging in size and composition, we find that most nanomaterials can provide signal enhancement ranging from 2- to 10-fold for individual peptides, as long as a coffee ring is formed. However, when a mixture of peptides is present in a sample, the signal enhancement is the greatest for peptides whose net charge is complementary to the nanomaterial's surface charge. These results suggest that careful design of NM surface properties could allow for selective, enhanced MALDI-MS detection of specific peptides in complex mixtures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jutiporn Yukird
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Cameron J Kaminsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nadnudda Rodthongkum
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Responsive Wearable Materials, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Richard W Vachet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Harvey DJ. ANALYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES AND GLYCOCONJUGATES BY MATRIX-ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY: AN UPDATE FOR 2015-2016. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:408-565. [PMID: 33725404 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is the ninth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2016. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented over 30 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show no sign of deminishing. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yamada Y, Yatsugi K, Murase M, Mizoshita N. TiN nanopillar-enhanced laser desorption and ionization of various analytes. Analyst 2021; 146:3454-3462. [PMID: 34075923 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00047k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The present paper reports on the use of TiN nanopillars as a robust analytical substrate for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). TiN nanopillars were fabricated on silicon wafers through the dynamic oblique deposition of titanium, followed by thermal treatment in an ammonia atmosphere. The TiN nanopillars were readily applicable to a simple "dried-droplet" method in the LDI-MS without surface modification or pre-treatment. A broad range of analytes were investigated, including a small drug molecule, a synthetic polymer, sugars, peptides, and proteins. Intact molecular signals were detected with low noise interference and no fragmentation. The developed TiN-nanopillar-based approach extends the applicable mass limit to 150 kDa (immunoglobulin G) and was able to detect trypsinogen (24 kDa) at levels as low as 50 fmol μL-1 with adequate shot-to-shot signal reproducibility. In addition, we carried out MS analysis on biomolecule-spiked human blood plasma and a mixture of standard samples to investigate the promise of the TiN nanopillars for clinical research. The experimental observations are validated using electromagnetic and heat-transfer simulations. The TiN nanopillars show a reduced reflection and exhibit surges in the TiN surface temperature upon irradiation with electromagnetic radiation. Localization of thermal energy at the tips of the TiN pillars is likely to be responsible for the superior LDI performance. Our results suggest that the development of nanostructured TiN substrates will contribute to the widespread implementation of nanostructured solid substrates for biomedical and clinical applications with simple processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Yamada
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan.
| | - Kenichi Yatsugi
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan.
| | - Masakazu Murase
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yoo HJ, Kim DH, Shin D, Oh Y, Lee S, Lee JY, Choi YJ, Lee SH, Lee KS, Kim Y, Cho K. Recent developments in pre-treatment and analytical techniques for synthetic polymers by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:5767-5800. [PMID: 33241791 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01729a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A great deal of effort has been expended to develop accurate means of determining the properties of synthetic polymers using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). Many studies have focused on the importance of sample pre-treatment to obtain accurate analysis results. This review discusses the history of synthetic polymer characterization and highlights several applications of MALDI-TOF MS that recognize the importance of pre-treatment technologies. The subject area is of significance in the field of analytical chemistry, especially for users of the MALDI technique. Since the 2000s, many such technologies have been developed that feature improved methods and conditions, including solvent-free systems. In addition, the recent diversification of matrix types and the development of carbon-based matrix materials are described herein together with the current status and future directions of MALDI-TOF MS hardware and software development. We provide a summary of processes used for obtaining the best analytical results with synthetic polymeric materials using MALDI-TOF MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jin Yoo
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162, Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28119, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Application trends of nanofibers in analytical chemistry. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115992
expr 834212330 + 887677890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
|
15
|
|
16
|
Gachumi G, Purves RW, Hopf C, El-Aneed A. Fast Quantification Without Conventional Chromatography, The Growing Power of Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:8628-8637. [PMID: 32510944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) in hyphenated techniques is widely accepted as the gold standard quantitative tool in life sciences. However, MS possesses intrinsic analytical capabilities that allow it to be a stand-alone quantitative technique, particularly with current technological advancements. MS has a great potential for simplifying quantitative analysis without the need for tedious chromatographic separation. Its selectivity relies on multistage MS analysis (MSn), including tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), as well as the ever-growing advancements of high-resolution MS instruments. This perspective describes various analytical platforms that utilize MS as a stand-alone quantitative technique, namely, flow injection analysis (FIA), matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI), including MALDI-MS imaging and ion mobility, particularly high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS). When MS alone is not capable of providing reliable quantitative data, instead of conventional liquid chromatography (LC)-MS, the use of a guard column (i.e., fast chromatography) may be sufficient for quantification. Although the omission of chromatographic separation simplifies the analytical process, extra procedures may be needed during sample preparation and clean-up to address the issue of matrix effects. The discussion of this manuscript focuses on key parameters underlying the uniqueness of each technique for its application in quantitative analysis without the need for a chromatographic separation. In addition, the potential for each analytical strategy and its challenges are discussed as well as improvements needed to render them as mainstream quantitative analytical tools. Overcoming the hurdles for fully validating a quantitative method will allow MS alone to eventually become an indispensable quantitative tool for clinical and toxicological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Gachumi
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Randy W Purves
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada, S7N 5E5.,Centre for Veterinary Drug Residues, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 116 Veterinary Rd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada, S7N 2R3
| | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anas El-Aneed
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada, S7N 5E5
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang X, Dou S, Wang Z, Du J, Lu N. Carbon nanoparticles derived from carbon soot as a matrix for SALDI-MS analysis. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:161. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-4142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
18
|
Self-assembly TiO2 nanosheets as a SALDI-TOF-MS matrix for high-throughput identification of polyfluorinated compounds in water samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
19
|
He H, Guo Z, Wen Y, Xu S, Liu Z. Recent advances in nanostructure/nanomaterial-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of low molecular mass compounds. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1090:1-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
20
|
Zhao Y, Xie H, Zhao M, Li H, Chen X, Cai Z, Song H. Core-shell hollow spheres of type C@MoS 2 for use in surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry of small molecules. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:830. [PMID: 31754806 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous carbon hollow spheres coated with MoS2 (C@MoS2) were synthesized to obtain a material with large specific surface area, fast electron transfer efficiency and good water dispersibility. The composite material was applied as a matrix for the analysis of small molecules by surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SALDI-TOF MS). The use of a core-shell C@MoS2 matrix strongly reduces matrix background interferences and increases signal intensity in the analysis of sulfonamides antibiotics (SAs), cationic dyes, emodin, as well as estrogen and amino acids. The composite material was applied to the SALDI-TOF MS analysis of selected molecules in (spiked) real samples. The ionization mechanism of the core-shell C@MoS2 as a matrix is discussed. The method exhibits low fragmentation interference, excellent ionization efficiency, high reproducibility and satisfactory salt tolerance. Graphical abstractSchematic representation of the method for fabrication of MoS2-coated mesoporous carbon hollow spheres (core-shell C@MoS2). As a new matrix, the nanocomposites were applied to analysis of small molecules by surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Hanyi Xie
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Centre, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Hexing Song
- Intelligene Biosystems (QingDao) Co. Ltd., Qingdao, 266400, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nanoparticle-based surface assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:682. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3770-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
22
|
Cui X, Wan B, Yang Y, Xin Y, Xie YC, Guo LH, Mantell LL. Carbon Nanomaterials Stimulate HMGB1 Release From Macrophages and Induce Cell Migration and Invasion. Toxicol Sci 2019; 172:398-410. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) are widely used in industrial and medical sectors. The increasing exposure of CNMs necessitates the studies of their potential environmental and health effects. High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear DNA-binding protein, but when released from cells, may cause sustained inflammatory response and promote cell migration and invasion. In this work, we found that 7-day exposure of 2.5 mg/kg/day CNMs, including C60, single-walled carbon nanotubes, and graphene oxides significantly elevated the level of HMGB1 in blood and lung lavage fluids in C57BL/6 mice. Subsequently, cellular effects and underlying mechanism were explored by using Raw264.7. The results showed that noncytotoxic CNMs enhanced HMGB1 intracellular translocation and release via activating P2X7 receptor. Released HMGB1 further activated receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) and downstream signaling pathway by upregulating RAGE and Rac1 expression. Simultaneously, CNMs prepared the cells for migration and invasion by modulating MMP2 and TIMP2 gene expression as well as cytoskeleton reorganization. Intriguingly, released HMGB1 from macrophages promoted the migration of nearby lung cancer cell, which can be efficiently inhibited by neutralizing antibodies against HMGB1 and RAGE. Taken together, our work demonstrated that CNMs stimulated HMGB1 release and cell migration/invasion through P2X7R-HMGB1-RAGE pathway. The revealed mechanisms might facilitate a better understanding on the inflammatory property and subsequent cell functional alteration of CNMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yan Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi-Chun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liang-Hong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin L Mantell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University College of Pharmacy, Queens, NY 11439
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhu Z, Shen J, Xu Y, Guo H, Kang D, Yu T, Wang H, Xu W, Wang G, Liang Y. The improved performance of MALDI-TOF MS on the analysis of herbal saponins by using DHB-GO composite matrix. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2019; 54:684-692. [PMID: 31271243 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is an excellent analytical technique for rapid analysis of a variety of molecules with straightforward sample pretreatment. The performance of MALDI-TOF MS is largely dependent on matrix type, and the development of novel MALDI matrices has aroused wide interest. Herein, we devoted to seek more robust MALDI matrix for herbal saponins than previous reported, and ginsenoside Rb1, Re, and notoginsenoside R1 were used as model saponins. At the beginning of the present study, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) was found to provide the highest intensity for saponins in four conventional MALDI matrices, yet the heterogeneous cocrystallization of DHB with analytes made signal acquisition somewhat "hit and miss." Then, graphene oxide (GO) was proposed as an auxiliary matrix to improve the uniformity of DHB crystallization due to its monolayer structure and good dispersion, which could result in much better shot-to-shot and spot-to-spot reproducibility of saponin analysis. The satisfactory precision further demonstrated that minute quantities of GO (0.1 μg/spot) could greatly reduce the risk of instrument contamination caused by GO detachment from the MALDI target plate under vacuum. More importantly, the sensitivity and linearity of the standard curve for saponins were improved markedly by DHB-GO composite matrix. Finally, the application of detecting the Rb1 in complex biological sample was exploited in rat plasma and proved it applicable for pharmacokinetic study quickly. This work not only opens a new field for applications of DHB-GO in herbal saponin analysis but also offers new ideas for the development of composite matrices to improve MALDI MS performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangpei Zhu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jiajia Shen
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yangfan Xu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Huimin Guo
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Dian Kang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Tengjie Yu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - He Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Wenshuo Xu
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang 24, Nanjing, 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma-Treated Carbon Nanowalls’ Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (CNW-SALDI-MS). C — JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/c5030040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanowalls (CNWs), vertically standing highly crystallizing graphene sheets, were used in the application of a surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SALDI-TOF-MS). The CNW substrates solved the issues on interferences of matrix molecules and alkali metal addition ions in low-weight molecule detection. Before SALDI sample preparations, the hydrophobic CNW was treated by atmospheric pressure plasma for exposing hydrophilicity to the CNWs’ surface. Detection of water soluble amino acids, arginine, was demonstrated.
Collapse
|
25
|
Tuning the performance of graphene as a dual-ion-mode MALDI matrix by chemical functionalization and sample incubation. Talanta 2019; 199:532-540. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
26
|
Kim MJ, Yun TG, Noh JY, Park JM, Kang MJ, Pyun JC. Synergistic Effect of the Heterostructure of Au Nanoislands on TiO 2 Nanowires for Efficient Ionization in Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:20509-20520. [PMID: 31074270 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b03386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A combination nanostructured matrix with metal Au nanoislands and semiconductor TiO2 nanowires is presented to enhance both desorption and ionization efficiency in laser desorption/ionization (LDI) mass spectrometry. The heterostructure of Au nanoislands on TiO2 nanowires was fabricated via (1) TiO2 nanowire synthesis through a modified wet-corrosion method and (2) Au nanoisland formation through thermal annealing of a sputtered Au layer on the TiO2 nanowires. Herein, the synergistic effect of this heterostructure for highly efficient ion production was experimentally elucidated in terms of the formation of high temperature on the surface of Au and the creation of a Schottky barrier at the Au-TiO2 interface. Finally, four types of immunosuppressors were analyzed to demonstrate the improved ionization performance of the heterostructure for LDI mass spectrometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Ju Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , 134 Shinchon-dong , Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749 , Korea
| | - Tae Gyeong Yun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , 134 Shinchon-dong , Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749 , Korea
| | - Joo-Yoon Noh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , 134 Shinchon-dong , Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749 , Korea
| | - Jong-Min Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , 134 Shinchon-dong , Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749 , Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul 136-791 , Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Pyun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Yonsei University , 134 Shinchon-dong , Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749 , Korea
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hansen RL, Dueñas ME, Lee YJ. Sputter-Coated Metal Screening for Small Molecule Analysis and High-Spatial Resolution Imaging in Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:299-308. [PMID: 30341582 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-2081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are efficient matrices in laser desorption/ionization (LDI) mass spectrometry (MS), especially for the profiling or imaging of small molecules. Recently, solvent-free physical vapor desorption (PVD), or sputter coating, was adopted as a homogenous method to rapidly apply metal nanoparticles (NPs) in situ to samples prior to LDI MS or MS imaging analysis. However, there has been no systematic study comparing different metal targets for the analysis of a variety of small molecule metabolites. Here, we present a screening and optimization of various sputter-coated metals, including Ag, Au, Cu, Pt, Ni, and Ti, for LDI analysis of small molecules in both positive and negative ion modes. Optimized sputter coating is then applied to high-spatial resolution LDI mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of maize root and seed cross-sections. Noble metals, Ag, Au, and Pt, are found to be much more efficient than transition metals and organic matrices for most small metabolites. Sputter-coated metals are efficient for neutral lipids, such as triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols, but are very inefficient for most phospholipids. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Hansen
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | | | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
An auxiliary matrix for routine analysis of small molecules and biological macromolecules using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:1041-1052. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1532-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
29
|
Gao C, Zhen D, He N, An Z, Zhou Q, Li C, Grimes CA, Cai Q. Two-dimensional TiO 2 nanoflakes enable rapid SALDI-TOF-MS detection of toxic small molecules (dyes and their metabolites) in complex environments. Talanta 2018; 196:1-8. [PMID: 30683337 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.11.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
High surface area (136 m2 g-1) nanoporous two-dimensional TiO2 nanoflakes are applied as an adsorbent and meanwhile a matrix for toxic small molecule analysis using positive-ion surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SALDI-TOF MS). The TiO2 nanoflakes enable one-step enrichment and analysis, greatly simplifying the analysis technique. Due to the high enrichment efficiency and low background noise, small molecule organic contaminants at ppt or even sub-ppt concentrations such as malachite green (10 pg/mL), leucomalachite green (10 pg/mL), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (0.001 pg/mL), rhodamine B (0.001 pg/mL), and crystal violet (0.1 pg/mL) were detected. In addition, malachite green and its metabolite leucomalachite green at ng/mL concentrations were successfully detected from fish blood and fish extracts, and crystal violet and its homologues at ng/cm2 concentrations were detected from inks on thermal receipt papers obtained from local supermarket.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Deshuai Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, Guizhou 558000, China
| | - Ni He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhengbin An
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Qiulan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chenyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Craig A Grimes
- Flux Photon Corporation,5950 Shiloh Road East, Alpharetta, GA 30005 United States
| | - Qingyun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Banazadeh A, Peng W, Veillon L, Mechref Y. Carbon Nanoparticles and Graphene Nanosheets as MALDI Matrices in Glycomics: a New Approach to Improve Glycan Profiling in Biological Samples. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1892-1900. [PMID: 29916086 PMCID: PMC6298861 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1985-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Glycomics continues to be a highly dynamic and interesting research area due to the need to comprehensively understand the biological attributes of glycosylation in many important biological functions such as the immune response, cell development, cell differentiation/adhesion, and host-pathogen interactions. Although matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) has proven to be suitable for glycomic profiling studies, there is a need for improved sensitivity in the detection of native glycans, which ionize inefficiently. In this study, we investigated the efficiencies of graphene nanosheets (GNs) and carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) as MALDI matrices and co-matrices in glycan profiling. Our results indicated an enhancement of signal intensity by several orders of magnitude upon using GNs and CNPs in MALDI analysis of N-glycans derived from a variety of biological samples. Interestingly, increasing the amounts of CNPs and GNs improved not only the signal intensities but also prompted in-source decay (ISD) fragmentations, which produced extensive glycosidic and cross-ring cleavages. Our results indicated that the extent of ISD fragmentation could be modulated by CNP and GN concentrations, to obtain MS2 and pseudo-MS3 spectra. The results for glycan profiling in high salt solutions confirmed high salt-tolerance capacities for both CNPs and GNs. Finally, the results showed that by using CNPs and GNs as co-matrices, DHB crystal formation was more homogeneous which improved shot-to-shot reproducibility and sensitivity. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Banazadeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409-1061, USA
| | - Wenjing Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409-1061, USA
| | - Lucas Veillon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409-1061, USA
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409-1061, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lu Q, Hu Y, Chen J, Li Y, Song W, Jin S, Liu F, Sheng L. Boron nitride nanotubes matrix for signal enhancement in infrared laser desorption postionization mass spectrometry. Talanta 2018; 187:106-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
32
|
Calvano CD, Monopoli A, Cataldi TRI, Palmisano F. MALDI matrices for low molecular weight compounds: an endless story? Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:4015-4038. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
33
|
Al-Hetlani E, Amin MO, Madkour M, Nazeer AA. CeO 2-CB nanocomposite as a novel SALDI substrate for enhancing the detection sensitivity of pharmaceutical drug molecules in beverage samples. Talanta 2018; 185:439-445. [PMID: 29759225 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.03.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
SALDI-MS analysis of pharmaceutical drug molecules (amitriptyline, imipramine and promazine) using carbon-based substrates, namely, activated charcoal (AC), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon black (CB), graphene (rGO), graphene oxide (GO) and graphite, was explored and compared with the conventional organic matrix of MALDI. CB exhibited superior performance with respect to the other substrates in terms of detection sensitivity. Despite the effectiveness of CB to detect all drug molecules, it demonstrated a number of background signals, which may be an issue for the analysis of other molecules in the future. Therefore, for the first time, a CeO2-CB nanocomposite was synthesized and applied as a novel SALDI substrate to minimize the background signals and stabilize CB when exposed to high laser power. The nanocomposite was characterized using XRD, TEM, FTIR, UV-Vis and N2 sorpometry. The spectrum obtained using the novel nanocomposite in the absence of the drug molecules showed minimal background signals compared to CB. Additionally, the CeO2-CB nanocomposite enhanced the detection sensitivity of the drug molecules with a limit of detection (LOD) of 100 ng/mL. This active substrate nanocomposite was further applied for the analysis of drug-spiked beverages without sample pretreatment or extraction, mimicking cases encountered by forensic toxicologists. All of the drugs and/or their adducts were detected in the drug-spiked beverage samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Entesar Al-Hetlani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait.
| | - Mohamed O Amin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
| | - Metwally Madkour
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed Abdel Nazeer
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang D, Huang X, Li J, He B, Liu Q, Hu L, Jiang G. 3D printing of graphene-doped target for "matrix-free" laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:2723-2726. [PMID: 29355261 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09649f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a graphene-doped resin target fabricated via a 3D printing technique for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry analysis. The graphene doped in the target acts as an inherent laser absorber and ionization promoter, thus permitting the direct analysis of samples without adding matrix. This work reveals a new strategy for easy designing and fabrication of functional mass spectrometry devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ausekar MV, Mawale RM, Pazdera P, Havel J. Matrix Assisted and/or Laser Desorption Ionization Quadrupole Ion Trap Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry of WO 3 Clusters Formation in Gas Phase. Nanodiamonds, Fullerene, and Graphene Oxide Matrices. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:581-587. [PMID: 29340959 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1874-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The formation of W x O y+●/-● clusters in the gas phase was studied by laser desorption ionization (LDI) and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) of solid WO3. LDI produced (WO3) n+ ●/- ● (n = 1-7) clusters. In MALDI, when using nano-diamonds (NDs), graphene oxide (GO), or fullerene (C60) matrices, higher mass clusters were generated. In addition to (WO3) n-● clusters, oxygen-rich or -deficient species were found in both LDI and MALDI (with the total number of clusters exceeding one hundred ≈ 137). This is the first time that such matrices have been used for the generation of(WO3) n+●/-● clusters in the gas phase, while new high mass clusters (WO3) n-● (n = 12-19) were also detected. Graphical Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Vilas Ausekar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ravi Madhukar Mawale
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Pazdera
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Center for Syntheses at Sustainable Conditions and Their Management, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Havel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A14, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nanoparticle assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry for small molecule analytes. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:200. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
37
|
Guo D, Lou C, Huang Z, Muhammad N, Qiming Z, Wu S, Zhu Y. Fabrication of graphene oxide polymer composite particles with grafted poly(amidoamine) dendrimers and their application in ion chromatography. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00754c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Graphene oxide polymer composite particles with grafted PAMAM dendrimers and their application in ion chromatography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Guo
- Department of Chemistry
- Xixi Campus
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310028
- China
| | - Chaoyan Lou
- Department of Chemistry
- Xixi Campus
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310028
- China
| | - Zhongping Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou 310014
- China
| | - Nadeem Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry
- Xixi Campus
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310028
- China
| | - Zhao Qiming
- College of Pharmacy
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
- Hangzhou 310053
- China
| | - Shuchao Wu
- Zhejiang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources
- Hangzhou 310007
- China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- Xixi Campus
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310028
- China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yoon S, Park S, Kim MS, Lee CY. Concomitant desalting and concentration of neuropeptides on a donut-shaped surface pattern for MALDI mass spectrometry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5688-5691. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02168f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate a functional surface pattern that desalts and concentrates a highly saline solution of neuropeptides in a single step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sook Yoon
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghwan Park
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sun Kim
- Scientific Instruments Reliability Assessment Center
- Korea Basic Science Institute
- Daejeon 34133
- Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Young Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
- Ulsan 44919
- Republic of Korea
- School of Life Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chu HW, Mao JY, Lien CW, Hsu PH, Li YJ, Lai JY, Chiu TC, Huang CC. Pulse laser-induced fragmentation of carbon quantum dots: a structural analysis. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:18359-18367. [PMID: 29143845 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07639h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have attracted enormous interest in recent years owing to their low cytotoxicity, excellent biocompatibility and strong fluorescence. They have been successfully employed in sensor, bio-imaging, and drug carrier applications. A complete understanding of their core-surface structure is essential for tuning their physical and chemical properties for various applications. Conventional characterizations of CQDs are conducted with electron microscopy or spectroscopy, such as transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. However, these techniques cannot fully resolve the core-surface structure of CQDs. In this study, we attempt to analyze the structures of CQDs by laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) using three model CQDs synthesized from citric acid (CA-CQDs), diammonium citrate (AC-CQDs) and spermidine trihydrochloride (Spd-CQDs). Both CA-CQDs and AC-CQDs produced anionic carbon cluster ions ([Cn]-, n = 4-9) during the laser desorption/ionization process. Additionally, AC-CQDs produced fragments containing C, N, and O that appeared at m/z values of 41.999, 91.015, and 107.008, which were identified by 15N isotopes as [CNO]-, [CH3N2O3]-, and [CH3N2O4]-, respectively. By contrast, subjecting Spd-CQDs to the same analysis did not yield carbon cluster ions ([Cn]-); instead, strong chlorine-associated ions with a unique isotopic pattern were observed, strongly implying that Spd-CQDs contain chlorine. The lack of carbon cluster ion formation in nitrogen- and chlorine-doped Spd-CQDs indicates that nitrogen and chlorine are abundantly and homogenously doped in the CQDs. We also found a shot-dependent fragmentation behavior for AC-CQDs that produces nitrogen- and oxygen-containing ions and carbon cluster ions ([Cn]-) during initial fragmentation of the surface, with a gradual destruction of the nanocrystalline carbon core after additional shots. These results suggest that LDI-MS can be used as a tool for analyzing the core-surface structure of CQDs, particularly when it contains a heteroatom doped carbon core with various surface functional groups containing nitrogen, oxygen and halogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Wei Chu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Piotto C, Guella G, Bettotti P. Fluorinated surfaces: smart substrates for matrix-free laser desorption ionization. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2017; 31:1228-1230. [PMID: 28488771 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Piotto
- Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Graziano Guella
- Bioorganic Chemistry Lab, Department of Physics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Paolo Bettotti
- Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Nanomaterials as Assisted Matrix of Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Small Molecules. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7040087. [PMID: 28430138 PMCID: PMC5408179 DOI: 10.3390/nano7040087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), a soft ionization method, coupling with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF MS) has become an indispensible tool for analyzing macromolecules, such as peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and polymers. However, the application of MALDI for the analysis of small molecules (<700 Da) has become the great challenge because of the interference from the conventional matrix in low mass region. To overcome this drawback, more attention has been paid to explore interference-free methods in the past decade. The technique of applying nanomaterials as matrix of laser desorption/ionization (LDI), also called nanomaterial-assisted laser desorption/ionization (nanomaterial-assisted LDI), has attracted considerable attention in the analysis of low-molecular weight compounds in TOF MS. This review mainly summarized the applications of different types of nanomaterials including carbon-based, metal-based and metal-organic frameworks as assisted matrices for LDI in the analysis of small biological molecules, environmental pollutants and other low-molecular weight compounds.
Collapse
|
42
|
Marsico ALM, Duncan B, Landis RF, Tonga GY, Rotello VM, Vachet RW. Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometric Detection of Biomolecules Using Gold Nanoparticles, Matrix, and the Coffee Ring Effect. Anal Chem 2017; 89:3009-3014. [PMID: 28193006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been extensively used as alternate matrices to minimize the low molecular weight interferences observed in typical MALDI but such nanomaterials typically do not improve the spot-to-spot variability that is commonly seen. In this work, we demonstrate that nanoparticles and low matrix concentrations (<2.5 mg/mL) can be used to homogeneously concentrate analytes into a narrow ring by taking advantage of the "coffee ring" effect. Concentration of the samples in this way leads to enhanced signals when compared to conventional MALDI, with higher m/z analytes being enhanced to the greatest extent. Moreover, the ionization suppression often observed in samples with high salt concentrations can be overcome by preparing samples in this way. The ring that is formed is readily visible, allowing the laser to be focused only on spots that contain analyte. The coffee-ring effect represents a new mode by which nanomaterials can be used to enhance the MALDI-based detection of biomolecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa L M Marsico
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Bradley Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ryan F Landis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Gulen Yesilbag Tonga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Richard W Vachet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Shih YH, Chen JH, Lin Y, Chen HT, Lin CH, Huang HY. Nitrogen-doped porous carbon material derived from metal–organic gel for small biomolecular sensing. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:5725-5728. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc00665a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A template strategy for fabricating N-doped porous carbon derived from MOG is demonstrated as a matrix for sensing small biomolecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Han Shih
- Department of Chemistry
- Chung Yuan Christian University
- Taoyuan City
- Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Chung Yuan Christian University
- Taoyuan City
- Republic of China
| | - Yaling Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- Chung Yuan Christian University
- Taoyuan City
- Republic of China
| | - Hsin-Tsung Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Chung Yuan Christian University
- Taoyuan City
- Republic of China
| | - Chia-Her Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- Chung Yuan Christian University
- Taoyuan City
- Republic of China
| | - Hsi-Ya Huang
- Department of Chemistry
- Chung Yuan Christian University
- Taoyuan City
- Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kang K, Jang H, Kim YK. The influence of polydopamine coating on gold nanorods for laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis. Analyst 2017; 142:2372-2377. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an00356k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The influence of polydopamine (PD) coating on gold nanorods (GNRs) for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) analysis was systematically investigated to reveal its role in the LDI-MS analysis process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyungtae Kang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Kyung Hee University
- Yongin
- South Korea
| | - Hongje Jang
- Department of Chemistry
- Kwangwoon University
- Seoul 139-701
- Korea
| | - Young-Kwan Kim
- Carbon Composite Materials Research Center
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology
- Wanju-gun
- Korea
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Huang X, Liu Q, Huang X, Nie Z, Ruan T, Du Y, Jiang G. Fluorographene as a Mass Spectrometry Probe for High-Throughput Identification and Screening of Emerging Chemical Contaminants in Complex Samples. Anal Chem 2016; 89:1307-1314. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Institute
of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional
Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhou Nie
- State
Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ting Ruan
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yuguo Du
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chitanda JM, Zhang H, Pahl E, Purves RW, El-Aneed A. The Development of Novel Nanodiamond Based MALDI Matrices for the Analysis of Small Organic Pharmaceuticals. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2016; 27:1686-1693. [PMID: 27488316 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1454-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The utility of novel functionalized nanodiamonds (NDs) as matrices for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) is described herein. MALDI-MS analysis of small organic compounds (<1000 Da) is typically complex because of interferences from numerous cluster ions formed when using conventional matrices. To expand the use of MALDI for the analysis of small molecules, novel matrices were designed by covalently linking conventional matrices (or a lysine moiety) to detonated NDs. Four new functionalized NDs were evaluated for their ionization capabilities using five pharmaceuticals with varying molecular structures. Two ND matrices were able to ionize all tested pharmaceuticals in the negative ion mode, producing the deprotonated ions [M - H](-). Ion intensity for target analytes was generally strong with enhanced signal-to-noise ratios compared with conventional matrices. The negative ion mode is of great importance for biological samples as interference from endogenous compounds is inherently minimized in the negative ion mode. Since the molecular structures of the tested pharmaceuticals did not suggest that negative ion mode would be preferable, this result magnifies the importance of these findings. On the other hand, conventional matrices primarily facilitated the ionization as expected in the positive ion mode, producing either the protonated molecules [M + H](+) or cationic adducts (typically producing complex spectra with numerous adduct peaks). The data presented in this study suggests that these matrices may offer advantages for the analysis of low molecular weight pharmaceuticals/metabolites. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erica Pahl
- University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|