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Yu XS, Zhu MM, Zuo R, Peng Y, Wang YW. A Turn-On and Colorimetric Probe Based on Isophorone Skeleton for Detecting Nerve Agent Mimic Diethyl Chlorophosphite. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073237. [PMID: 37050000 PMCID: PMC10096706 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A new turn-on probe (SWJT-20) based on isophorone fluorophore for the detection of nerve agent mimic diethyl chlorophosphite (DCP) was designed and synthesized. SWJT-20 could rapidly respond to DCP within 2 s using UV-Vis or fluorescent spectra, accompanied by a significant change in the solution color under visible light or UV light, which could be observed by the naked eyes. The detection limit of SWJT-20 to DCP was as low as 8.3 nM, which is lower than those of most reported fluorescent probes for DCP detection. Additionally, SWJT-20 could quantitatively measure DCP using ratio changes in A427/A645 in absorption spectra. Furthermore, facile paper as sensors with the visualization of colorimetric/fluorometric responses based on SWJT-20 has been fabricated. Notably, this probe could detect DCP vapor through gas diffusion experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Shuang Yu
- School of Chemistry, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Mao-Mei Zhu
- School of Chemistry, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Rui Zuo
- School of Chemistry, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yu Peng
- School of Chemistry, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Ya-Wen Wang
- School of Chemistry, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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Beeram R, Vepa KR, Soma VR. Recent Trends in SERS-Based Plasmonic Sensors for Disease Diagnostics, Biomolecules Detection, and Machine Learning Techniques. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:328. [PMID: 36979540 PMCID: PMC10046859 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy/scattering (SERS) has evolved into a popular tool for applications in biology and medicine owing to its ease-of-use, non-destructive, and label-free approach. Advances in plasmonics and instrumentation have enabled the realization of SERS's full potential for the trace detection of biomolecules, disease diagnostics, and monitoring. We provide a brief review on the recent developments in the SERS technique for biosensing applications, with a particular focus on machine learning techniques used for the same. Initially, the article discusses the need for plasmonic sensors in biology and the advantage of SERS over existing techniques. In the later sections, the applications are organized as SERS-based biosensing for disease diagnosis focusing on cancer identification and respiratory diseases, including the recent SARS-CoV-2 detection. We then discuss progress in sensing microorganisms, such as bacteria, with a particular focus on plasmonic sensors for detecting biohazardous materials in view of homeland security. At the end of the article, we focus on machine learning techniques for the (a) identification, (b) classification, and (c) quantification in SERS for biology applications. The review covers the work from 2010 onwards, and the language is simplified to suit the needs of the interdisciplinary audience.
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Huang WC, Chen HR. Application of Cotton Swab-Ag Composite as Flexible Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrate for DMMP Detection. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020520. [PMID: 36677579 PMCID: PMC9860652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is both important and required to quickly and accurately detect chemical warfare agents, such as the highly toxic nerve agent sarin. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has received considerable attention due to its rapid results, high sensitivity, non-destructive data acquisition, and unique spectroscopic fingerprint. In this work, we successfully prepared SERS cotton swabs (CSs) for the detection of the sarin simulant agent dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) by anchoring N1-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) diethylenetriamine (ATS)/silver nanoparticle (AgNP) nanocomposites on CSs using ATS as the stabilizer and coupling agent. Simultaneously, the binding mode and reaction mechanics between the AgNP, ATS, and CS were confirmed by XPS. The modified CSs exhibited good uniformity, stability, and adsorption capability for SERS measurements, enabling the adsorption and detection of DMMP residue from an irregular surface via a simple swabbing process, with a detection limit of 1 g/L. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of RSD710 = 5.6% had high reproducibility. In this research, the fabrication method could easily be extended to other cellulose compounds, such as natural fibers and paper. Furthermore, the versatile SERS CSs can be used for the on-site detection of DMMP, particularly in civil and defense applications, to guarantee food security and the health of the population.
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Meng W, Pei Z, Wang Y, Sun M, Xu Q, Cen J, Guo K, Xiao K, Li Z. Two birds with one stone: The detection of nerve agents and AChE activity with an ICT-ESIPT-based fluorescence sensor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 410:124811. [PMID: 33450470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nerve agents are among the world's deadliest poisons, and the target enzyme is acetylcholinesterase (AChE). To better diagnosis nerve agent poisonings, a reliable diagnostic method for both nerve agents and AChE is desirable. Herein, we synthesized a series of fluorescent sensors for both real nerve agents and acetylcholinesterase activity detection. Among these sensors, HBQ-AE exhibited a fast response rate (within 10 s for nerve agent and 8 min for AChE), good sensitivity (the limit of detection is 6 nM and 0.2 U/mL) and a high off/on contrast. To the best of our knowledge, HBQ-AE is the first fluorescence sensor for nerve agents and AChE activity detection. The fluorescent change of HBQ-AE from nonfluorescence to blue fluorescence (nerve agent) or orange fluorescence (AChE) by excitation at 365 nm can be easily observed with the naked eye. HBQ-AE was successfully applied to image nerve agents and AChE activity in living cells. Moreover, HBQ-AE is the vital member to construct a test paper that can be employed to detect and diagnose chemical warfare agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; Lab of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhipeng Pei
- Lab of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yurun Wang
- Lab of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxue Sun
- Lab of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingqiang Xu
- Lab of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfeng Cen
- Lab of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Xiao
- Lab of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.
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Racicot JM, Mako TL, Olivelli A, Levine M. A Paper-Based Device for Ultrasensitive, Colorimetric Phosphate Detection in Seawater. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E2766. [PMID: 32408677 PMCID: PMC7294414 DOI: 10.3390/s20102766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations of certain nutrients, including phosphate, are known to lead to undesired algal growth and low dissolved oxygen levels, creating deadly conditions for organisms in marine ecosystems. The rapid and robust detection of these nutrients using a colorimetric, paper-based system that can be applied on-site is of high interest to individuals monitoring marine environments and others affected by marine ecosystem health. Several techniques for detecting phosphate have been reported previously, yet these techniques often suffer from high detection limits, reagent instability, and the need of the user to handle toxic reagents. In order to develop improved phosphate detection methods, the commonly used molybdenum blue reagents were incorporated into a paper-based, colorimetric detection system. This system benefited from improved stabilization of the molybdenum blue reagent as well as minimal user contact with toxic reagents. The colorimetric readout from the paper-based devices was analyzed and quantified using RGB analyses (via ImageJ), and resulted in the detection of phosphate at detection limits between 1.3 and 2.8 ppm in various aqueous media, including real seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan M. Racicot
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (J.M.R.); (T.L.M.); (A.O.)
| | - Teresa L. Mako
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (J.M.R.); (T.L.M.); (A.O.)
| | - Alexander Olivelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (J.M.R.); (T.L.M.); (A.O.)
| | - Mindy Levine
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, 65 Ramat HaGolan St, Ariel 40700, Israel
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Juhlin L, Mikaelsson T, Hakonen A, Schmidt MS, Rindzevicius T, Boisen A, Käll M, Andersson PO. Selective surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection of Tabun, VX and Cyclosarin nerve agents using 4-pyridine amide oxime functionalized gold nanopillars. Talanta 2020; 211:120721. [PMID: 32070593 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have earlier demonstrated sensitive detection of low the volatile nerve agents Tabun, Cyclosarin and VX by using handheld Raman instrumentation in conjunction with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) attained with gold and silver coated Si nanopillar substrates. In the present proof-of-concept study, the gold substrates chemically are functionalized to realize selectivity towards organophosphorus compounds (OPs) with high sensitivity. A potential capturer and reporter molecule, chemical nerve agent antidote, 4-pyridine amide oxime, is evaluated due to its high Raman cross section, high chemical affinity towards gold, and binding specificity to the target substances Tabun, VX and Cyclosarin via the oxime group. Upon selective and covalent binding, the SERS probe undergoes structural changes which are reflected in the spectral SERS responses, making it suitable for indirect monitoring of nerve agents in aqueous solution. With the probe attached to the hotspots of Au-coated Si nanopillars, the SERS signals distinctly discriminate between specific and non-specific analyte binding of Tabun, Cyclosarin and VX down to sub ppm levels. SERS spectrum of 4-PAO is measured after microliter drop coating of aqueous sample solution onto the functionalized substrates and subsequent water evaporation from surfaces. This binding assay is complemented by letting functionalized substrates being immersed into sample solutions 1 h before measuring. Binding specific SERS response decreases in following order: Tabun > VX > Cyclosarin. Overall, the concept looks promising, as expected the candidate probe 4-PAO introduces selectivity to the nanopillar gold substrates without loss of sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Juhlin
- CBRN Defence and Security, Swedish Defence Research Agency, FOI, SE-90182, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Therese Mikaelsson
- CBRN Defence and Security, Swedish Defence Research Agency, FOI, SE-90182, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Aron Hakonen
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Tomas Rindzevicius
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anja Boisen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mikael Käll
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Per Ola Andersson
- CBRN Defence and Security, Swedish Defence Research Agency, FOI, SE-90182, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 21, Uppsala, Sweden.
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