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Hola B, Murshed R, Jbour M. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of some Syrian wild mushroom (Agaricus spp) strains. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15896. [PMID: 37741953 PMCID: PMC10517981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43265-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aims to study the chemical content (moisture, ash, fat, protein, fiber and carbohydrate), phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of the fruit bodies resulting from the cultivation of six edible Syrian wild mushroom strains of the Agaricus genus. These strains were collected from the western countryside of Homs governorate in Syria (Agaricus bispours BR5, Agaricus bispours B.R.9, Agaricus sinodeliciosus BR17, Agaricus qilianensis BR22, Agaricus sinodeliciosus BR42 and Agaricus qilianensis BR47) and were compared to the commercially cultivated Agaricus bisporus strain Sylvan A15 as a control. The results showed that wild strains had a good chemical composition. The BR47 had the highest protein content among the studied strains (29.52%), which was close to the content of the control (28.55%). All strains recorded higher carbohydrate content compared to the control (p < 0.01), and BR42 had the highest content (72.24%). The fat content in the studied strains ranged from 1.68 to 5.34%, and they were all less than the control (7.29%). BR9 was marked by a high phenol content (1.93 mg.g-1 of dry weight), while the control had higher antioxidant activity (82.41%). A strong correlation was noted between antioxidant activity, protein, fat and ash. Some studied strains showed nutritional value and distinctive biological properties, indicating they can be used for food and pharmaceutical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boushra Hola
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria.
| | - Ramzi Murshed
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Mouwafak Jbour
- General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Al Halboni, Libraries Street, Damascus, Syria
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El Mihyaoui A, Erbiai EH, Charfi S, Pinto E, Castillo MEC, Hernández-Ruiz J, Cano A, Badoc A, Lamarti A, Esteves da Silva JCG, Arnao MB. Chemical Characterization and Several Bioactivities of Cladanthus mixtus from Morocco. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073196. [PMID: 37049958 PMCID: PMC10096347 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to investigate, for the first time to our knowledge, the chemical composition and bioactivity of methanolic extracts (roots, stems, leaves, and flowers) from Cladanthus mixtus (L.) Chevall. that grows wild in northern Morocco (the Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region). The phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by spectrophotometer methods, and the composition of derivatized methanolic extracts from C. mixtus using N-O-bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant activity was carried out by applying the 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) tests. The micro-dilution technique was chosen to investigate the antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts against two bacterial strains and three fungal species. The results showed that the values of total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found to be higher in flower extracts (30.55 ± 0.85 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g of dried weight (DW) and 26.00 ±1.34 mg of quercetin equivalents (QE)/g DW, respectively). Other groups of chemical compounds were revealed by GC-MS, such as carbohydrates (27.25–64.87%), fatty acids (1.58–9.08%), organic acids (11.81–18.82%), and amino acids (1.26–7.10%). Root and flower methanolic extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity using ABTS (39.49 mg of Trolox equivalents (TE)/g DW) and DPPH (36.23 mg TE/g DW), respectively. A positive correlation between antioxidant activity and polyphenol and flavonoid amounts was found. Antibacterial tests showed that the best activity was presented by the leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) = 20 mg/mL) and Escherichia coli (MIC of 30 mg/mL and MBC of 35 mg/mL). S. aureus was more sensitive to the extracts compared to E. coli. All extracts showed antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum, with the best efficacy reported by the flower and leaf extracts (MIC = 1.25 mg/mL and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) = 2.5 mg/mL). In general, extracts of C. mixtus appeared less effective against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina El Mihyaoui
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
- Centro de Investigação em Química (CIQUP), Departamento de Geociências, Ambiente e Ordenamento do Território, Instituto de Ciências Moleculares (IMS), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - El Hadi Erbiai
- Centro de Investigação em Química (CIQUP), Departamento de Geociências, Ambiente e Ordenamento do Território, Instituto de Ciências Moleculares (IMS), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory of Biology, Environment and Sustainable Development, Higher School of Teachers (ENS), Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93150, Morocco
| | - Saoulajan Charfi
- Laboratory of Biology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Eugénia Pinto
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | | | - Josefa Hernández-Ruiz
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Cano
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alain Badoc
- INP, INRAE, OENO, UMR 1366, ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, F-33140 Bordeaux, France
| | - Ahmed Lamarti
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Joaquim C. G. Esteves da Silva
- Centro de Investigação em Química (CIQUP), Departamento de Geociências, Ambiente e Ordenamento do Território, Instituto de Ciências Moleculares (IMS), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marino B. Arnao
- Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Vunduk J, Klaus A, Lazić V, Kozarski M, Radić D, Šovljanski O, Pezo L. Artificial Neural Network Prediction of Antiadhesion and Antibiofilm-Forming Effects of Antimicrobial Active Mushroom Extracts on Food-Borne Pathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030627. [PMID: 36978494 PMCID: PMC10045919 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The problem of microbial biofilms has come to the fore alongside food, pharmaceutical, and healthcare industrialization. The development of new antibiofilm products has become urgent, but it includes bioprospecting and is time and money-consuming. Contemporary efforts are directed at the pursuit of effective compounds of natural origin, also known as "green" agents. Mushrooms appear to be a possible new source of antibiofilm compounds, as has been demonstrated recently. The existing modeling methods are directed toward predicting bacterial biofilm formation, not in the presence of antibiofilm materials. Moreover, the modeling is almost exclusively targeted at biofilms in healthcare, while modeling related to the food industry remains under-researched. The present study applied an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to analyze the anti-adhesion and anti-biofilm-forming effects of 40 extracts from 20 mushroom species against two very important food-borne bacterial species for food and food-related industries-Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enteritidis. The models developed in this study exhibited high prediction quality, as indicated by high r2 values during the training cycle. The best fit between the modeled and measured values was observed for the inhibition of adhesion. This study provides a valuable contribution to the field, supporting industrial settings during the initial stage of biofilm formation, when these communities are the most vulnerable, and promoting innovative and improved safety management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Vunduk
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studenski trg 10-12, 11 158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Anita Klaus
- Institute for Food Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11 080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Lazić
- Institute for Food Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11 080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Kozarski
- Institute for Food Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11 080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danka Radić
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studenski trg 10-12, 11 158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Olja Šovljanski
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21 000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Lato Pezo
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studenski trg 10-12, 11 158 Belgrade, Serbia
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Karakas FP, Turker AU, Bozat BG. Phenolic Content, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Potential of Several Edible Agaricomycetes Mushrooms Sold in Public Bazaar in Bolu, Turkey. Int J Med Mushrooms 2023; 25:45-56. [PMID: 36734918 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2022046526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Edible mushrooms are important natural foods that have been used since ancient times due to their delicious taste, high nutritional value, and various biological activities. In this study, antibacterial (against 10 different human pathogens) and antioxidant potentials (free radical scavenging activity and total phenol-flavonoid content) of 13 different wild-growing and the most popular edible mushrooms (Lactarius salmonicolor, L. deliciosus, L. volemus, L. piperatus, Boletus edulis, Marasmius oreades, Agaricus campestris, Tricholoma terreum, Hydnum repandum, Coprinus comatus, Ramaria sp., Cantharellus cibarius, and Pleurotus ostreatus) sold in a public bazaar in Bolu-Turkey were evaluated. Strong antibacterial capacities were observed with all tested Lactarius species, as well as M. oreades, A. campestris, T. terreum, H. repandum, and Ramaria sp. Significant antibacterial potentials of T. terreum and C. comatus against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Serratia marcescens, and Proteus vulgaris were observed for the first time. H. repandum strongly inhibited all tested Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, and Streptococcus pyogenes). It was remarkable to reveal strong growth inhibition of M. oreades against S. aureus (29.33 ± 1.11 mm) for the first time. The highest total phenolic content was revealed with L. delicious (193.42 ± 0.77 mg GAE/g dw and 198 ± 0.79 mg TAE/g dw), while L. salmonicolor had the highest total flavonoid content (358.33 ± 15.27 mg CE/g dw). B. edulis demonstrated the strongest antioxidant activity with the lowest IC50 value (4.48 ± 0.04 μg/mL). Moreover, L. deliciosus and M. oreades also had high antioxidant potential with the lowest IC50 values (4.76 ± 0.01 μg/mL and 4.77 ± 0.02 μg/mL, respectively). Total phenolic contents of tested mushrooms were highly correlated with their antioxidant capacities. L. delicious is the most well-known and the most delicious mushroom sold in Bolu's public bazaar. The obtained results for this mushroom were notable in terms of the greatest total phenol-flavonoid content and strong antioxidant capability. The antioxidant capacity and polyphenol content of L. deliciosus, M. oreades, H. repandum, A. campestris, and B. edulis, as well as their antibacterial activity, were quite outstanding, and our findings demonstrated the importance of these mushrooms as nutraceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Pehlivan Karakas
- Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Biology, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ucar Turker
- Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Biology, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Bihter Gokce Bozat
- Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Health Sciences Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, Bolu, Turkey
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El-Dein MMN, El-Fallal AA, El-Sayed AKA, El-Esseily SR. Antimicrobial Activities of Ganoderma mbrekobenum Strain EGDA (Agaricomycetes) from Egypt. Int J Med Mushrooms 2023; 25:31-41. [PMID: 37824404 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2023049502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma is a well-known genus of medicinal mushrooms. The biological activity of the fruiting bodies of G. mbrekobenum (previously identified as Ganoderma sp. EGDA, (AC: LN774971) is scarcely studied. The microorganisms including bacteria and fungi were chosen for screening of the antimicrobial activity produced by G. mbrekobenum strain EGDA. The bioactive compounds were extracted from aqueous, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts. The higher antibacterial activity produced by methanol extract was against Bacillus subtilis and B. cereus (14.13 ± 0.12 mm, 13.03 ± 0.12 mm, respectively). Water fraction showed antibacterial effect against most of the test bacterial strains. The highest antifungal activity produced by methanol extract was against Fusarium oxysporum I and F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (16.37 ± 0.03 mm 15.67 ± 0.19 mm, respectively). Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of the separated fractions revealed the identification of 46 compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Nour El-Dein
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Amira A El-Fallal
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed K A El-Sayed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta City, Egypt
| | - Shimaa R El-Esseily
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt
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Shafique M, Niazi AR, Imran M, Zaheer M. Appraisal of Antioxidant Potential and Natural Bioactive Compound Determination through HPLC from Two Saprotrophic Amanita (Agaricomycetes) Species from Pakistan. Int J Med Mushrooms 2023; 25:75-83. [PMID: 37585318 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2023048392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate and identify bioactive compounds along with antioxidant capacity, total flavonoids and total phenolic contents from two saprophytic Amanita species, i.e., mushrooms A. manicata (Berk. & Broome) Pegler and A. nana Singer. Antioxidant potential was assessed by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay, total phenolics, and flavonoids. Both mushrooms were found to possess antioxidants and wide range of phenolics and bioactive compounds. There was maximum percent inhibition (83.2 ± 0.120%) on DPPH by A. manicata. However, maximum percent inhibition using ABTS was found to be 79.5 ± 0.251% by A. nana. Similarly, A. nana possesses maximum amount of both flavonoids and phenolics i.e., 0.3473 ± 0.0088 mg/100 g of catechin and 0.097 ± 0.0011 mg/100 g of GAE equivalent, respectively. Both mushrooms exhibited a variety of natural compounds such as P-coumaric acid, M-coumaric acid, benzoic acid, ferulic acid etc. Ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, and cinnamic acid were also detected in A. manicata. A. manicata exhibited best and greater antiradical potential than A. nana due the presence of excessive natural bioactive compounds. From the reported results, it was revealed that both inedible mushrooms could be a potential source of antioxidants and secondary metabolites and might be used for making novel drugs in future by pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muniba Shafique
- Fungal Biology and Systematics Research Laboratory, Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman Niazi
- Fungal Biology and Systematics Research Laboratory, Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Center for Inorganic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaheer
- Applied Chemistry Research Center, PCSIR Labs Complex, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, Pakistan
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Screening of Antibacterial Activity of Some Resupinate Fungi, Reveal Gloeocystidiellum lojanense sp. nov. (Russulales) against E. coli from Ecuador. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 9:jof9010054. [PMID: 36675874 PMCID: PMC9867327 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a serious public health problem that needs new antibacterial compounds for control. Fungi, including resupinated fungi, are a potential source to discover new bioactive compounds efficient again to bacteria resistant to antibiotics. The inhibitory capacity against the bacterial species was statistically evaluated. All the species (basidiomata and strains) were molecularly characterized with the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 barcoding marker. The strains Ceraceomyces sp., Fuscoporia sp., Gloeocystidiellum sp., Oliveonia sp., Phanerochaete sp., and Xenasmatella sp. correspond to resupinate Basidiomycetes, and only the strain Hypocrea sp. is an Ascomycete, suggesting contamination to the basidiome of Tulasnella sp. According to the antagonistic test, only the Gloeocystidiellum sp. strain had antibacterial activity against the bacterial species Escherichia coli of clinical interest. Statistically, Gloeocystidiellum sp. was significantly (<0.001) active against two E. coli pathotypes (O157:H7 and ATCC 25922). Contrarily, the antibacterial activity of fungi against other pathotypes of E. coli and other strains such as Serratia sp. was not significant. The antibacterial activity between 48 and 72 h increased according to the measurement of the inhibition halos. Because of this antibacterial activity, Gloeocystidiellum sp. was taxonomically studied in deep combined morphological and molecular characterization (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2; partial LSU D1/D2 of nrDNA). A new species Gloeocystidiellum lojanense, a resupinate and corticioid fungus from a tropical montane rainforest of southern Ecuador, with antibacterial potential against E. coli, is proposed to the science.
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Phytochemical Compounds and Anticancer Activity of Cladanthus mixtus Extracts from Northern Morocco. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010152. [PMID: 36612148 PMCID: PMC9818270 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many of the chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of cancer are molecules identified and isolated from plants or their synthetic derivatives. This work aimed to identify the bioactive compounds using LC-MS and GC-MS and to evaluate the anticancer activity of the methanolic extracts of roots, stems, leaves, and flowers from Cladanthus mixtus. The anticancer activity was evaluated in vitro against two cancer cell lines: human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and human prostate carcinoma (PC-3), using the MTT assay and microscopic observation. A human normal lung fibroblast (MRC-5) was included to determine the extract's safety for non-tumoral cells. The chemical composition results by LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 24 phenolic compounds. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis allowed the identification of many biomolecules belonging to terpenoids, esters, alcohols, alkanes, fatty acids, organic acids, benzenes, phenols, ketones, carbonyls, amines, sterols, and other groups. The findings suggest that the majority of C. mixtus extracts have antiproliferative activity against two cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and PC-3, and one non-tumoral cell line, MRC-5. The activity was dose-dependent, and the highest effect was obtained with leaf extract in the two cancer cell lines. Moreover, these extracts demonstrated an acceptable toxicological profile against normal cells. Overall, C. mixtus extracts revealed promising antitumor properties provided by their phytochemical composition.
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The effect of ethanol/water concentration on phenolic composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of Rosmarinus tournefortii de Noé hydrodistillation solid residues. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01722-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Prommaban A, Sriyab S, Marsup P, Neimkhum W, Sirithunyalug J, Anuchapreeda S, To-anun C, Chaiyana W. Comparison of chemical profiles, antioxidation, inhibition of skin extracellular matrix degradation, and anti-tyrosinase activity between mycelium and fruiting body of Cordyceps militaris and Isaria tenuipes. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:225-234. [PMID: 35068295 PMCID: PMC8786250 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.2025255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cordyceps militaris and Isaria tenuipes (Cordycipitaceae) are high-value fungi that are used for health-promoting food supplements. Since laboratory cultivation has begun for these fungi, increased output has been achieved. OBJECTIVE This study compared the chemical profiles, antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, and skin extracellular matrix degradation inhibition between mycelium and fruiting body of C. militaris and I. tenuipes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antioxidative potential of 10% v/v aqueous infused extract from each fungus was separately investigated using 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant ability, and ferric thiocyanate methods. The inhibition against MMP-1, elastase, and hyaluronidase were determined to reveal their anti-wrinkle potential. Anti-tyrosinase activities were determined. RESULTS C. militaris and I. tenuipes extracts were found to contain a wide range of bioactive compounds, including phenolics, flavonoids, and adenosine. A correlation was discovered between the chemical compositions and their biological activities. The extract from I. tenuipes fruiting body (IF) was highlighted as an extraordinary elastase inhibitor (IC50 = 0.006 ± 0.004 mg/mL), hyaluronidase inhibitor (IC50: 30.3 ± 3.2 mg/mL), and antioxidant via radical scavenging (ABTS IC50: 0.22 ± 0.02 mg/mL; DPPH IC50: 0.05 ± 0.02 mg/mL), thereby reducing ability (EC1: 95.3 ± 4.8 mM FeSO4/g extract) and lipid peroxidation prevention (IC50: 0.40 ± 0.11 mg/mL). IF had a three-times higher EC1 value than ascorbic acid and significantly higher elastase inhibition than epigallocatechin gallate. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS IF is proposed as a powerful natural extract with antioxidant and anti-wrinkle properties; therefore, it is suggested for further use in pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, and nutraceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adchara Prommaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Suwannee Sriyab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pachabadee Marsup
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Waranya Neimkhum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University, Samutprakarn, Thailand
| | - Jakkapan Sirithunyalug
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Songyot Anuchapreeda
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Division of Clinical Microscopy, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chaiwat To-anun
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wantida Chaiyana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Stanković M, Mitić V, Stankov Jovanović V, Dimitrijević M, Nikolić J, Stojanović G. Selected fungi of the genus Lactarius - screening of antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity, and genotoxicity. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:699-714. [PMID: 35591784 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2075502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It is well-known that mushrooms of the genus Lactarius constitute a natural food resource providing health benefits as a nutritient. This genus contains 4 mushrooms identified as L. deliciosus, L. volemus, L. sanguifluus, L. semisanguifluus and L. piperatus which were collected in Serbia. The aim of this study aimed was to identify and characterize the content of phenolic compounds and examine the antioxidant potential of 5 wild edible mushrooms. L. sanguifluus contained the highest content of total phenol compounds (75.25 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per g dry extract weight (GAE/g DE) and exhibited the greatest antioxidant activity through the ability to remove radicals as evidenced by ABTS assay (8.99 mg of trolox equivalents (TE) per g dry extract weight (mg TE/g DE); total reducing power (TRP) assay mg ascorbic acid equivalents per mg of dry extract weight (0.42 mg AAE/g DE) and CUPRAC (14.23 mg TE /g DE). L. deliciosus methanolic extract produced greatest scavenging of the DPPH radical (46%). The methanol mushroom extracts were screened for in vitro antimicrobial activity against a panel of pathogenic bacterial strains using the microdilution method. Of all the extracts tested, L. sanguifluus extract showed the best antibacterial properties. The cytokinesis block micronucleus assay results for the examined mushrooms demonstrated that extracts at a concentration of 3 μg/ml decreased the number of micronuclei (MN) in the range of 19-49% which is significant bearing in mind that radioprotectant amifostine reduced the frequency of MN by only 16.3%. Data thus demonstrate that the 5 wild edible mushrooms of genus Lactarius contain constituents that are beneficial not only as nutrients but also have the potential as antioxidants, antibacterial and antigenotoxic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Violeta Mitić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | | | | | - Jelena Nikolić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Gordana Stojanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
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Khumlianlal J, Sharma KC, Singh LM, Mukherjee PK, Indira S. Nutritional Profiling and Antioxidant Property of Three Wild Edible Mushrooms from North East India. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175423. [PMID: 36080192 PMCID: PMC9458033 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The mushroom is an important food for the rural tribal populations in Manipur, because of its high nutritional contents. In this study, we report on the nutritional profile of three wild edible mushrooms consumed by the tribal populations of Manipur viz.: Macrocybe gigantea J124; Lactifluus leptomerus J201 and Ramaria thindii J470. The studied mushrooms possess a high protein content of 37.6%, 20.8% and 16.4%, respectively. They have a high vitamin C content with low vitamin B1, B2 and folic acid. Among the three mushrooms, M. gigantea J124 possesses the highest mineral content, followed by R. thindii J470 and L. leptomerus J201. The total phenolic content of L. leptomerus J201, M. gigantea J124 and R. thindii J470 were 26.206, 29.23 and 30.99 mg GAE/g, with flavonoid content of 6.646, 6.854 and 9.187 mg quercetin/g, respectively. R. thindii J470 has the highest TPC and TFC content, which correlates with its DPPH radical scavenging activity. The IC50 values for R. thindii J470, M. gigantea J124 and L. leptomerus J201 are 242.0 µg/mL, 550.4 µg/mL and 689.0 µg/mL, respectively, which suggest that the higher content of phenolic compounds in R. thindii J470 contributes to its radical scavenging properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Khumlianlal
- Microbial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources & Sustainable Development (IBSD), An Autonomous Research Institute of Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, Manipur, India
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - K. Chandradev Sharma
- Microbial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources & Sustainable Development (IBSD), An Autonomous Research Institute of Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, Manipur, India
| | - Leichombam Mohindro Singh
- Microbial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources & Sustainable Development (IBSD), An Autonomous Research Institute of Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, Manipur, India
| | - Pulok K. Mukherjee
- Microbial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources & Sustainable Development (IBSD), An Autonomous Research Institute of Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, Manipur, India
| | - Sarangthem Indira
- Microbial Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources & Sustainable Development (IBSD), An Autonomous Research Institute of Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, Manipur, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-0385-2446122-219
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The Effect of Supplementing Mushroom Growing Substrates on the Bioactive Compounds, Antimicrobial Activity, and Antioxidant Activity of Pleurotus ostreatus. Res Lett Biochem 2022; 2022:9436614. [PMID: 35795077 PMCID: PMC9252646 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9436614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom contains important bioactive compounds and has several biological activities; however, mushroom growing substrates have major influence on chemical and functional characteristics of the mushroom. Hence, the study aimed to evaluate the influence of supplementing mushroom growing substrates with wheat bran (WB) towards yield/productivity, bioactive compounds, and antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of P. ostreatus. The mushroom was cultivated on sugarcane substrates supplemented with increasing levels of WB (0%-20%). The mushroom extracts were screened for bioactive compounds using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antimicrobial activity was carried out using microplate assay, while antioxidant potential was investigated using reducing power assay. The addition of supplements on mushroom growing substrates had an influence on mushroom yield; hence, higher supplementation (18% and 20%) produced higher yield. The GC-MS revealed several bioactive compounds with known activity, such as vitamin E, phenol, fatty acids, and terpenoids. Concentration-dependent antioxidant activity was observed; hence, extracts at higher concentrations gave significantly higher reducing power. The P. ostreatus extract had antimicrobial activity against all the tested organisms, with S. aureus showing high susceptibility to most of the extracts. However, mushrooms grown on bagasse substrates supplemented with 14% (0.02 mg/ml) and 20% WB (0.08 mg/ml) proved to have better antimicrobial activity on Escherichia coli. The difference in susceptibility demonstrates that substrates type and composition could have an influence on bioactive compounds found within mushrooms, also influencing medicinal properties of edible mushroom. Thus, supplementing mushroom growing substrates not only improve yield, but also can contribute to bioactive compounds with medicinal potential.
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Benoutman A, Erbiai EH, Edderdaki FZ, Cherif EK, Saidi R, Lamrani Z, Pintado M, Pinto E, Esteves da Silva JCG, Maouni A. Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antifungal Activity of Thymus capitatus, a Medicinal Plant Collected from Northern Morocco. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:681. [PMID: 35625325 PMCID: PMC9137586 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymus capitatus is a Mediterranean endemic plant commonly known as "Zaïtra" in northern Morocco. As T. capitatus is widely used in traditional medicine and food, this present work aims to investigate the chemical compositions and biological activities of the T. capitatus leaves essential oil (TcLEO), acetonic (TcLAE), and methanolic extract (TcLME). The spectrophotometric determination demonstrated that T. capitatus is a natural source rich in phenolic contents (TPC) and flavonoid contents (TFC) and that TcLME revealed the highest TPC and TFC than TcLAE and TcLEO. The LC-MS analysis of phenolic compounds showed that paraben acid was predominant in both TcLME and TcLAE, followed by cinnamic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. GC-MS analysis of the TcLEO revealed the presence of a total of 10 compounds, which were predominated by carvacrol. The antioxidant activity by ORAC was observed to be significantly higher in TcLEO and TcLAE than in TcLME. All samples used to assess DNA degradation effectively prevented DNA oxidation and, at the same time, had a prooxidant effect. The genotoxicity test showed that the T. capitatus were devoid of any mutagenic activity. Concerning antifungal activity, all samples were able to inhibit the growth of all microorganisms tested at low concentrations. TcLAE showed higher activity than TcLME, and in general, dermatophytes were more susceptible, being Microsporum canis the most sensitive one. Overall, the results obtained from this study confirm the wide uses of T. capitatus. Furthermore, the finding results suggest that the T. capitatus essential oil and extracts can be highly useful for pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Benoutman
- Biology, Environment, and Sustainable Development Laboratory, ENS, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco; (A.B.); (E.H.E.); (F.Z.E.); (R.S.); (Z.L.)
| | - El Hadi Erbiai
- Biology, Environment, and Sustainable Development Laboratory, ENS, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco; (A.B.); (E.H.E.); (F.Z.E.); (R.S.); (Z.L.)
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (E.K.C.); (J.C.G.E.d.S.)
| | - Fatima Zahra Edderdaki
- Biology, Environment, and Sustainable Development Laboratory, ENS, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco; (A.B.); (E.H.E.); (F.Z.E.); (R.S.); (Z.L.)
| | - El Khalil Cherif
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (E.K.C.); (J.C.G.E.d.S.)
- Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rabah Saidi
- Biology, Environment, and Sustainable Development Laboratory, ENS, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco; (A.B.); (E.H.E.); (F.Z.E.); (R.S.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zouhaire Lamrani
- Biology, Environment, and Sustainable Development Laboratory, ENS, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco; (A.B.); (E.H.E.); (F.Z.E.); (R.S.); (Z.L.)
| | - Manuela Pintado
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Eugénia Pinto
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto (FFUP), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joaquim C. G. Esteves da Silva
- Chemistry Research Unit (CIQUP), Institute of Molecular Sciences (IMS), DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (E.K.C.); (J.C.G.E.d.S.)
| | - Abdelfettah Maouni
- Biology, Environment, and Sustainable Development Laboratory, ENS, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco; (A.B.); (E.H.E.); (F.Z.E.); (R.S.); (Z.L.)
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Luo Y, Fu JT, Zhao X, Wang LY, Zhang YF. Antioxidant activities and Allelopathic Potential of Chonemorpha splendens Chun et Tsiang Stem Methanol Extract. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100973. [PMID: 35170193 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Finding agriculturally active compounds from nature or finding active lead compounds from natural products, artificial synthesis and structural modification are the main ways to create new agrochemical. In order to explore the agricultural activities of Chonemorpha splendens Chun et Tsiang (C. splendens), an important medicinal plant, the antioxidant activities and allelopathic potential were investigated. C. splendens was extracted with methanol, then, C. splendens methanol extract (CSME) were extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Reducing activity, lipid peroxidation, and the scavenging abilities for DPPH∙, O2-∙, HO∙, and H2O2 were also measured and allelopathic potentials were evaluated by bioassay method. GC-MS analysis revealed that esters were the main component (66.34%) of CSME, the total CSME flavonoid content was 313 mg g-1 (rutin equivalent). The chloroform phase of CSME was identified as stigmasterol by NMR for the first time. The DPPH• scavenging rate of CSME was 87%, with an IC50 value of 0.12 ± 0.02 mg mL-1, which was significantly difference from the positive control, trolox. Chloroform fraction showed the strongest inhibitory effect against Mimosa pudica (MP) seed germination at 1.0 mg mL-1 (100% inhibition), which was better than that of the chemical herbicide paraquat. In the seed growth experiment, systematic EC50 and the principal component analysis (PCA) were used to assess the allelopathic potential of extracts. The systematic EC50 values of Crotalaria pallida Ait. (CP), Bidens pilosa L. (BP) were significantly greater than MP. MP, Oryza sativa L. (OS) and Lactuca satiua L., (LS) inhibited all parameters. Our results would provide an idea for controlling weeds through allelopathy from C. splendens to reduce dependency on synthetic herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Luo
- Hainan University, School of plant protection, Renmingdadao, 570228, Haikou, CHINA
| | - Jan-Tao Fu
- Hainan University, School of plant protection, Renmingdadao, Haikou, CHINA
| | - Xu Zhao
- Hainan University, School of plant protection, Renmingdadao, Haikou, CHINA
| | - Lan-Ying Wang
- Hainan University, school of plant protection, Renmingdadao, Haikou, CHINA
| | - Yun-Fei Zhang
- Hainan University, School of plant protection, Renmingdadao, Haikou, CHINA
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Petrovic J, Fernandes Â, Stojković D, Soković M, Barros L, Ferreira I, Shekhar A, Glamočlija J. A Step Forward Towards Exploring Nutritional and Biological Potential of Mushrooms: A Case Study of Calocybe gambosa (Fr.) Donk Wild Growing in Serbia. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/144836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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17
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Jahanfar S, Gahavami M, Khosravi-Darani K, Jahadi M, Mozafari M. Entrapment of rosemary extract by liposomes formulated by Mozafari method: physicochemical characterization and optimization. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08632. [PMID: 35005281 PMCID: PMC8715198 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A major obstacle in the utilization of phenolic antioxidant compounds is their sensitivity and as a result stability issue. The current study aimed to encapsulate polyphenolic compounds, extracted from Rosemary, in liposomes prepared by the Mozafari method without the utilization of toxic solvents or detergents. The extract was prepared and converted into a powder by freeze-drying. The process conditions were optimized using response surface analysis, and the optimal parameters were as follows: phosphatidylcholine (PC), 2.5% (25 mg/mL); extract, 0.7% (7 mg/mL); process temperature, 70 °C and process time, 60 min. The entrapment efficiency in optimal sample was 54.59%. Also, optimal glycerosomes formulation were finally physicochemical characterized (permeability, zeta potential, and size distribution). The mean size of empty and containing rosemary extract glycerosome were 265.4 nm and 583.5 nm, respectively, and the Z-potential of optimal glycerosome was -65.1 mV. Total phenolic content was obtained 151.38 mg gallic acid/g extract, in optimal liposomal formulation, which was measured by Folin-Ciocalteu's phenol reagent. Also, the antioxidant activity of rosemary extract by DPPH for the free and optimal liposomal formulation was determined to be 84.57% and 92.5% respectively. It can be concluded that the liposomal rosemary extract formulation prepared in this study, employing a safe, scalable, and green technology, has great promise in food and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Jahanfar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Gahavami
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kianoush Khosravi-Darani
- Research Department of Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4741, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mahshid Jahadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - M.R. Mozafari
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, 8054 Monash University LPO, Clayton, 3168, Victoria, Australia
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Nam M, Choi JY, Kim MS. Metabolic Profiles, Bioactive Compounds, and Antioxidant Capacity in Lentinula edodes Cultivated on Log versus Sawdust Substrates. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1654. [PMID: 34827654 PMCID: PMC8615513 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lentinula edodes (shiitake) is a popular nutritious edible mushroom with a desirable aroma and flavor. Traditional cultivation of L. edodes on beds of logs has been replaced by cultivation on sawdust, but the effects of cultivation changes on L. edodes mushrooms have not been well characterized. We determined the metabolic profile, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacity in L. edodes grown on log or sawdust substrates. Metabolic profiles of L. edodes extracts were determined by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis score plots from 1H NMR analysis showed clear differences between samples. Concentrations of primary metabolites, especially amino acids, generally decreased in L. edodes grown on logs compared to sawdust. Phenolic compounds showed variations in concentration depending on the cultivation method. Bioactive compounds and their antioxidant capacity were analyzed spectrophotometrically. L. edodes cultivated on logs had high concentrations of bioactive compounds with strong antioxidant capacity compared to L. edodes cultivated on sawdust. Thus, the concentration of primary metabolites was high in L. edodes grown on sawdust, which produces a high growth rate. In contrast, log-cultivated L. edodes, which were similar to wild mushrooms, had high levels of bioactive compounds and high antioxidant capacity. This information is useful for determining optimal cultivation conditions for nutritional and medicinal uses of L. edodes mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Min-Sun Kim
- Food Analysis Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.N.); (J.Y.C.)
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Chemical Composition Related to Antimicrobial Activity of Moroccan Nigella sativa L. Extracts and Isolated Fractions. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:8308050. [PMID: 34725555 PMCID: PMC8557078 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8308050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Nigella sativa L. (NS) is an aromatic and medicinal plant commonly used in Mediterranean cuisine. Its grains contain a large amount of fixed oil and have many therapeutic virtues and medicinal properties (antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and anticancer). Aim The aim of this work is to study the antimicrobial activity of Nigella sativa L. extracts and separated fractions on various pathogenic strains and to correlate that with its chemical composition. Methods Extracts from Moroccan Nigella sativa seeds were extracted using successive organic solvents, and their hexane and acetone extracts were separated by column chromatography. The chemical composition of extracts, fractions, and essential oil was determined by GC-MS and HPLC-DAD. Extracts and fractions were evaluated for antimicrobial activity through disk diffusion against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Listeria innocua), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and yeast (Candida pelliculosa) for 1 mg/mL concentration. Bacterial strains were followed to study their behaviors over time in different concentrations. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Nigella sativa essential oil was determined against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Results and Conclusion. Although hexane extract was active against both types of bacteria (Gram+ and Gram−), some of its fractions were specifically active against only one type. Fraction (SH4) had the highest activity (15 mm inhibitory diameter). Acetone extract was nonactive but surprisingly resulted in specific active fractions, and the most interesting one was (SA7) that had an inhibitory diameter of 13 mm. This antibacterial effect was related to fatty acids (linoleic and palmitic acids) in (SH4) and 17 pentatriacontene in (SA7). Moreover, the antifungal activity of hexane fractions (10–13 mm) was higher than hexane extract (8 mm), but for acetone, it was the opposite. Acetone extract had a higher activity (18 mm) than its fractions (8–12 mm), except for (SA7) (19 mm). Those inhibitions were attributed to gallic acid, cysteine, and apigenin in acetone extract and cysteine with ascorbic acid in fraction (SA7). Antifungal activity of the essential oil was more pronounced than the antibacterial one. Indeed, determined MICs in the first case were on the microgram scale (MIC = 8 μg/mL, Candida albicans), while in the second case, they were on the milligram scale (MIC = 0.96 mg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus, 0.5 mg/mL for Bacillus cereus, and 0.68 mg/mL for Escherichia coli). This antifungal activity was attributed to three major compounds beta-cymene, alpha-thujene, origanene, and thymoquinone. Results of strains behavior over time at different concentrations of the fractions showed all the curves went through a maximum around 20 hours and had a delay of expression of 5 hours at the start. Taking all results into count, Nigella sativa L. extracts and/or derived principles could form promising antimicrobial agents for therapeutical and industrial uses.
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Deme T, Haki GD, Retta N, Woldegiorgis A, Geleta M. Fatty Acid Profile, Total Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Activity of Niger Seed ( Guizotia abyssinica) and Linseed ( Linum usitatissimum). Front Nutr 2021; 8:674882. [PMID: 34409060 PMCID: PMC8364974 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.674882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid composition and antioxidant content are major determinants of vegetable oil quality. Antioxidants are important food components, and there is an increasing interest of replacing synthetic antioxidants with those from natural sources for food industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate fatty acid composition, total phenolic, carotenoid and chlorophyll contents, and antioxidant capacity of different varieties of two oilseed crops. Five niger seed and eight linseed varieties were used. For the analysis of fatty acid composition of the seed oil, gas chromatography method was used. Standard methods were used for total phenolic, carotenoid and chlorophyll contents, and antioxidant properties. In niger seed oil, linoleic acid (C18:2) was the dominant fatty acid, accounting for 73.3% (variety Esete) to 76.8% (variety Ginchi) of the total fatty acids. In linseed oil, linolenic acid (C18:3) was the dominant fatty acid accounting for 55.7 (variety Chilalo) to 60.1 (variety Belaye-96). The total phenolic content ranged from 22.4 mg GAE/g (variety Esete) to 27.9 mg GAE/g (variety Ginchi) in niger seed and from 20.5 mg GAE/g (variety Belay-96) to 25.4 mg GAE/g (variety Ci-1525) in linseed. In niger seed, variety Fogera had the highest values for FRAP and radical scavenging activity. The carotenoid content also showed significant variation among the varieties ranging from 2.57 (Esete) to 8.08 (Kuyu) μmol/g for niger and 4.13 (Tole) to 8.66 (Belay-96) μmol/g for linseed. The FRAP assay showed that variety Fogera of niger seed and variety Chilalo of linseed came on top among their respective varieties with values of 57.2 and 30.6, respectively. Both niger seed and linseed were shown to be rich in bioactive compounds. However, significant variation was observed among the varieties of each crop and among the two crops in their total phenolic and carotenoid contents as well as ferric reducing potential and radical scavenging capacity. Principal component analysis revealed the presence of more than one group in both niger seed and linseed. Hence, genetic variation among the varieties should be utilized for improving their desirable characteristics through breeding. Both oil crops can be used as the source of antioxidants for replacing synthetic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfaye Deme
- Department of Food Science and Applied Nutrition, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gulelat D Haki
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gabarone, Botswana
| | - Nigussie Retta
- Center for Food Science and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ashagrie Woldegiorgis
- Center for Food Science and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mulatu Geleta
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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Screening of Bioactive Properties in Brown Algae from the Northwest Iberian Peninsula. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081915. [PMID: 34441692 PMCID: PMC8394977 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Algae are an underexploited source of natural bioactive compounds in Western countries, so an increasing interest in the valorization of these marine organisms has emerged in recent years. In this work, the effect of extracting solvent on the extraction yield, phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and antimicrobial activity of nine brown macroalgae species (Ascophyllum nodosum, Himanthalia elongata, Undaria pinnatifida, Pelvetia canaliculata, Saccharina latissima, Bifurcaria bifurcata, Laminaria ochroleuca, Sargassum muticum, and Fucus spiralis) was assessed. Total phenolic content (TPC) and the antioxidant properties of extracts by different assays: radical scavenging activity (DPPH-RSA) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were performed. The antimicrobial activity of extracts was studied against six different foodborne microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The highest extraction yield was achieved in ethanolic extracts. However, the highest TPC and FRAP values were obtained on the ethyl acetate extracts, especially from A. nodosum. Concerning algal species, the highest TPC and FRAP values were found in A. nodosum, while the highest DPPH-RSA values were achieved in the hexane extracts of B. bifurcata. The antimicrobial activity of algal extracts varied according to the solvent and alga selected, suggesting the species- and solvent-dependent behavior of this property, with B. bifurcata extracts showing the highest results for a wide range of bacteria. Our results provide insight on the characterization of widespread brown algae in the coasts of the North-Western region of the Iberian Peninsula, reflecting multiple health-enhancing properties which may lead to their exploitation in food, pharmacological, and cosmetic industries.
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ŞIHOĞLU TEPE A. Chemical compositions and antioxidant activities of four different mushroom species collected from Turkey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2021. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.953923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Affes S, Ben Younes A, Frikha D, Allouche N, Treilhou M, Tene N, Mezghani-Jarraya R. ESI-MS/MS Analysis of Phenolic Compounds from Aeonium arboreum Leaf Extracts and Evaluation of their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144338. [PMID: 34299613 PMCID: PMC8306197 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeonium is a genus of succulents belonging to the Crassulaceae family. Their importance in traditional medicine has stimulated both pharmacological and chemical research. In this study, we optimized extraction, separation, and analytical conditions using a high performance liquid chromatographic method coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry by the negative mode (HPLC-ESI-MS) in order to, for the first time, determine thirty-four compounds from Aeonium arboreum leaves. Twenty-one of them are assigned among which are sixteen flavonoids and five phenolic acids. FRAP, TAC, DPPH, and ABTS•+ radical scavenging were used to evaluate antioxidant activity. The obtained IC50 values ranged from 0.031 to 0.043 mg.mL−1 for DPPH and between 0.048 and 0.09 mg·mL−1 for ABTS•+. Antimicrobial activity was also assessed. The obtained minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of these extracts ranged from 12.5 to 50 µg·mL−1 against Micrococcus luteus, Listeria ivanovii, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, and Fusarium oxysporum, and from 25 to 50 µg·mL−1 against Candida albicans. Therefore, these extracts can be considered as a potential source of biological active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Affes
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.A.); (A.B.Y.); (N.A.)
| | - Amer Ben Younes
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.A.); (A.B.Y.); (N.A.)
| | - Donyez Frikha
- Unité Biodiversité et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques Environnementaux (UR11ES/72), Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia;
| | - Noureddine Allouche
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.A.); (A.B.Y.); (N.A.)
| | - Michel Treilhou
- Equipe BTSB-EA 7417, Institut National Universitaire Jean-François Champollion, Université de Toulouse, Place de Verdun, 81012 Albi, France;
| | - Nathan Tene
- Equipe BTSB-EA 7417, Institut National Universitaire Jean-François Champollion, Université de Toulouse, Place de Verdun, 81012 Albi, France;
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (R.M.-J.)
| | - Raoudha Mezghani-Jarraya
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08, Natural Substances Team, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, P.B. 1171, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.A.); (A.B.Y.); (N.A.)
- Correspondence: (N.T.); (R.M.-J.)
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Chemical Composition, Bioactive Compounds, and Antioxidant Activity of Two Wild Edible Mushrooms Armillaria mellea and Macrolepiota procera from Two Countries (Morocco and Portugal). Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040575. [PMID: 33920034 PMCID: PMC8070987 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of two wild edible mushrooms, the honey fungus (Armillaria mellea) and the parasol mushroom (Macrolepiota procera), collected from Northern Morocco (MA) and Portugal (PT). Those species were chosen due to their edibility, nutraceutical, and medicinal properties. Bioactive compounds (ascorbic acid, tannin, total phenolic, total flavonoid, β-carotene, and lycopene) and their antioxidant activity were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Herein, the fruiting body of the samples revealed a significantly higher amount of bioactive compounds, and values varied between the Moroccan and the Portuguese ones. Methanolic extracts shown a strong antioxidant capacity: Using DPPH free radical-scavenging activity radicals (IC50 1.06–1.32 mg/mL); inhibition of β-carotene bleaching radicals (IC50 0.09–0.53 mg/mL); and, reducing power radicals (IC50 0.52–1.11 mg/mL). The mushroom species with the highest antioxidant capacity was A. mellea from MA. Chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS and LC-MS methodologies. GC-MS analysis showed that the most abundant biomolecules group was sugar compositions in the four samples (62.90%, 48.93%, 59.00%, and 53.71%) and the main components were galactitol 16.74%, petroselinic acid 19.83%, d-galactose 38.43%, and glycerol 24.43% in A. mellea (MA), A. mellea (PT), M. procera (MA), and M. procera (PT), respectively. LC-MS analysis of individual phenolic compounds revealed that vanillic acid (198.40 ± 2.82 µg/g dry weight (dw) and cinnamic acid (155.20 ± 0.97 µg/g dw) were the main compounds detected in A. mellea, while protocatechuic acid (92.52 ± 0.45 and 125.50 ± 0.89 µg/g dw) was predominated in M. procera for MA and PT samples, respectively. In general, the results of this comparative study demonstrate that the geographic and climatic conditions of the collection site can influence biomolecule compounds and antioxidant properties of wild mushrooms. This study contributes to the elaboration of nutritional, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical databases of the worldwide consumed mushrooms.
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Nowakowski P, Markiewicz-Żukowska R, Gromkowska-Kępka K, Naliwajko SK, Moskwa J, Bielecka J, Grabia M, Borawska M, Socha K. Mushrooms as potential therapeutic agents in the treatment of cancer: Evaluation of anti-glioma effects of Coprinus comatus, Cantharellus cibarius, Lycoperdon perlatum and Lactarius deliciosus extracts. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:111090. [PMID: 33378984 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer incidence rates are on the increase worldwide. The most common brain cancer in adults is glioblastoma. Currently available treatment modalities are limited and natural products such as mushrooms could enhance them. Apart from nutritional value, mushrooms are an excellent source of bioactive compounds and therefore could be used to treat various disorders. The aim of the study was to assess the anti-glioma potential of selected mushrooms on U87MG, LN-18 glioblastoma and SVGp12 normal human astroglial cell lines. The materials were Cantharellus cibarius, Coprinus comatus, Lycoperdon perlatum and Lactarius delicious. Aqueous, 70 % ethanol or 95 % ethanol extracts from mushrooms were used for analysis including assessment of antioxidant activity by DPPH assay, cell viability by MTT assay, DNA biosynthesis by thymidine incorporation assay, activity of metalloproteinase by gelatin zymography and cell cycle assay by flow cytometry. Mushroom extracts influenced the viability and DNA biosynthesis of cancer cells. Activity of ethanol mushroom extracts was stronger than that of aqueous extracts. Anti-glioma mechanism consisted in inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis associated with arrest of cells in subG1 or G2/M phase of cell cycle, and inhibition of metalloproteinases activity. Among investigated mushrooms, L. deliciosus and C. comatus showed the greatest anti-glioma potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Nowakowski
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland(1).
| | - Renata Markiewicz-Żukowska
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland(1)
| | - Krystyna Gromkowska-Kępka
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland(1)
| | - Sylwia Katarzyna Naliwajko
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland(1)
| | - Justyna Moskwa
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland(1)
| | - Joanna Bielecka
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland(1)
| | - Monika Grabia
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland(1)
| | - Maria Borawska
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland(1)
| | - Katarzyna Socha
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2D, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland(1)
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Formulation of Tioconazole and Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil Pickering Emulsions for Onychomycosis Topical Treatment. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235544. [PMID: 33256033 PMCID: PMC7730074 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Onychomycosis is a disease that affects many adults, whose treatment includes both oral and topical therapies with low cure rates. The topical therapy is less effective but causes fewer side effects. This is why the development of an effective, easy to apply formulation for topical treatment is of high importance. We have used a nanotechnological approach to formulate Pickering emulsions (PEs) with well-defined properties to achieve site-specific delivery for antifungal drug combination of tioconazole and Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil. Silica nanoparticles with tailored size and partially hydrophobic surface have been synthesized and used for the stabilization of PEs. In vitro diffusion studies have been performed to evaluate the drug delivery properties of PEs. Ethanolic solution (ES) and conventional emulsions (CE) have been used as reference drug formulations. The examination of the antifungal effect of PEs has been performed on Candida albicans and Trichophyton rubrum as main pathogens. In vitro microbiological experimental results suggest that PEs are better candidates for onychomycosis topical treatment than CE or ES of the examined drugs. The used drugs have shown a significant synergistic effect, and the combination with an effective drug delivery system can result in a promising drug form for the topical treatment of onychomycosis.
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Dahmani S, Chabir R, Errachidi F, Berrada W, Lansari H, Benidir M, El Ghadraoui L, Bour A. Evaluation of in vivo wound healing activity of Moroccan Citrus reticulata peel extract. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-020-00222-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Citrus reticulata is one of the most cultivated fruit with great benefits for humans in the world. Citrus reticulata peel has several biological activities within them hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial and antioxidant. The present study emphasizes on the in vivo wound healing and in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Citrus reticulata peel extract.
Methods
Forty albino mice (23–29 g) of either sex were divided into four groups. The test groups were treated with experimental ointment (0.5% and 10% of methanolic extract), negative control were treated with Vaseline and the positive control were treated with silver sulfadiazine. Burn wounds were induced on dorsal area of mice bodies. Wound area measurement was carried out every day during 22 days. Biochemical screening was performed to identify possible compounds. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were also determined.
Results
Significant wound healing activity was observed with topical application of Citrus reticulata peel extract. Wound area reduction at day 16 of treatment was 100% for both treated groups (0.5% and 10%) when compared to positive and negative control it was 100% and 98.32% respectively at day 22. Furthermore higher rate of wound contraction (100% on 16th day) was observed for both treated groups.
The result of biochemical screening showed that C. reticulata peel is characterized by highest amount of total polyphenols (13.19 mg/g), flavonoids (4.07 mg/g), vitamin C (13.20 mg/g), carotenoids (0.032 mg/g) and lowest content of macronutrients (Proteins: 0.40%, reducing sugars: 7.21%; lipids: 1.5%). Additionally C. reticulata peel exhibited remarkable antioxidant activity using DPPH and phosphomolybdate methods as well as the extract possess antimicrobial effect against pathogen bactria.
Conclusion
The findings from this research indicated that Citrus reticulata peel extract is effective in inhibiting the growth of pathogen bacteria and could be of therapeutic potentials for wound healing.
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Mešić A, Šamec D, Jadan M, Bahun V, Tkalčec Z. Integrated morphological with molecular identification and bioactive compounds of 23 Croatian wild mushrooms samples. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Determination of the antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer properties of the honey phenolic extract of five different regions of Bingöl province. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2020; 58:2420-2430. [PMID: 33967338 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04783-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bingol is a famous region for honey in Turkey. The amount of phenolic substance is also considered important for the anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of honey. Anticancer activity of honey extract was determined as the most effective dose of 1 mg/mL using the WST1 anti-proliferation kit in the PC-3 cell line. Total phenol content were found between 476.09 ± 1.67 and 865.22 ± 3.57 mg GAE/100 g honey, total flavonoid content 41.67 ± 0.25 and 1249.74 ± 0.85 mg QE/100 g honey, total phenolic acid content 0.74 ± 0.21 and 58.35 ± 1.56 mg SA/100 g honey, β-carotene 1.71 ± 0.06-3.61 ± 0.08 mg/kg honey, lycopene content 0.89 ± 0.03 and 3.41 ± 0.08 mg/kg honey, respectively. Percent removal of H2O2 was determined in the range of 69.79 ± 1.24 and 75.37 ± 1.72 at 10 mg/mL. DPPH percentage removal for 200 mg/mL was between 69.79 ± 1.24 and 75.37 ± 1.72. Phenolic compounds in honey extract were determined as gallic acid, caffeic acid, syringe acid, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, catechin, quercetin, chrysin using HPLC analysis. The honey extracts were tested on Gram(+) and Gram(-) bacteria and yeast and their antimicrobial effects were determined. As a result, phenolic honey extraction, performed from five loci from the region of interest, showed anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, and can be used as a functional food additive to replace synthetic counterparts.
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Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Pleurotus spp. Cultivated on Different Agricultural Wastes in Chiro, Ethiopia. Int J Microbiol 2020; 2020:9312489. [PMID: 32908534 PMCID: PMC7474371 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9312489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, mushrooms, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus florida, were cultivated on different agricultural wastes namely coffee straw (CS), pea straw (PS), Sorghum Grain Residue (SGR), and Wheat Grain (WG) for the evaluation of antibacterial activity. Antimicrobial activity evaluation was carried out against human pathogenic microorganisms, namely, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi by using the disc diffusion method. Methanolic extracts of P. ostreatus cultivated on a Sorghum grain residue substrate were recorded for the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli (19.8 mm) and P. aeruginosa (16.4 mm), and methanolic extracts of P. florida cultivated on a wheat grain substrate were recorded for the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli (18.6 mm) and S. faecalis (14.8 mm). Therefore, results suggested that P. ostreatus and P. florida cultivated on the coffee straw and Sorghum grain substrate were found with the highest antimicrobial activity in comparison to other substrates. The results supported that the methanolic extracts of P. ostreatus and P. florida might indeed be potential sources of antibacterial agents.
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Nasir A, Khan M, Rehman Z, Khalil AAK, Farman S, Begum N, Irfan M, Sajjad W, Parveen Z. Evaluation of Alpha-Amylase Inhibitory, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Potential and Phytochemical Contents of Polygonum hydropiper L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:plants9070852. [PMID: 32640649 PMCID: PMC7412011 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polygonum hydropiper L. is a traditionally used medicinal plant. The present study was designed to explore the α-amylase inhibitory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of Polygonum hydropiper L. Polarity-based solvent extracts (n-hexane, acetone, chloroform, methanol, ethanol, and water) of Polygonum hydropiper leaves and stem were used. Antioxidant activity was assessed by free radical scavenging assay (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity methods. Quantitative phytochemical analyses suggested that the stem of Polygonum hydropiper L. contains higher levels of bioactive compounds than its leaves (p < 0.05). The results suggested that stem-derived extracts of Polygonum hydropiper L. are more active against bacterial species, including two Gram-positive and three Gram-negative strains. Moreover, our results showed that the bioactive compounds of Polygonum hydropiper L. significantly inhibit α-amylase activity. Finally, we reported the polarity-based solvent extracts of Polygonum hydropiper L. and revealed that the stem, rather than leaves, has a high antioxidant potential as measured by FRAP and DPPH assay with IC50 values of 1.38 and 1.59 mg/mL, respectively. It may also be deducted from the data that the Polygonum hydropiper L. could be a significant candidate, which should be subjected to further isolation and characterization, to be used as an antidiabetic, antimicrobial and antioxidant resource in many industries, like food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Nasir
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (A.N.); (M.K.); (S.F.); (N.B.)
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwan 16499, Korea
| | - Mushtaq Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (A.N.); (M.K.); (S.F.); (N.B.)
| | - Zainab Rehman
- Laboratory of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Atif Ali Khan Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Saira Farman
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (A.N.); (M.K.); (S.F.); (N.B.)
| | - Naeema Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (A.N.); (M.K.); (S.F.); (N.B.)
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- College of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA;
| | - Wasim Sajjad
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Zahida Parveen
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; (A.N.); (M.K.); (S.F.); (N.B.)
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Thu ZM, Myo KK, Aung HT, Clericuzio M, Armijos C, Vidari G. Bioactive Phytochemical Constituents of Wild Edible Mushrooms from Southeast Asia. Molecules 2020; 25:E1972. [PMID: 32340227 PMCID: PMC7221775 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms have a long history of uses for their medicinal and nutritional properties. They have been consumed by people for thousands of years. Edible mushrooms are collected in the wild or cultivated worldwide. Recently, mushroom extracts and their secondary metabolites have acquired considerable attention due to their biological effects, which include antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and immunomodulatory activities. Thus, in addition to phytochemists, nutritionists and consumers are now deeply interested in the phytochemical constituents of mushrooms, which provide beneficial effects to humans in terms of health promotion and reduction of disease-related risks. In recent years, scientific reports on the nutritional, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of mushroom have been overwhelming. However, the bioactive compounds and biological properties of wild edible mushrooms growing in Southeast Asian countries have been rarely described. In this review, the bioactive compounds isolated from 25 selected wild edible mushrooms growing in Southeast Asia have been reviewed, together with their biological activities. Phytoconstituents with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities have been highlighted. Several evidences indicate that mushrooms are good sources for natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaw Min Thu
- Center of Ningxia Organic Synthesis and Engineering Technology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China;
- Department of Chemistry, Kalay University, Kalay 03044, Sagaing Region, Myanmar
| | - Ko Ko Myo
- Center of Ningxia Organic Synthesis and Engineering Technology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China;
- Department of Chemistry, Kalay University, Kalay 03044, Sagaing Region, Myanmar
| | - Hnin Thanda Aung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mandalay, Mandalay 100103, Myanmar;
| | - Marco Clericuzio
- DISIT, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
| | - Chabaco Armijos
- Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, San Cayetano Alto s/n, Loja 1101608, Ecuador
| | - Giovanni Vidari
- Medical Analysis Department, Faculty of Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Nutritional and mineral composition of four wild edible mushrooms from Jammu and Kashmir, India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42360-020-00230-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Chandra P, Sharma RK, Arora DS. Antioxidant compounds from microbial sources: A review. Food Res Int 2020; 129:108849. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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35
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Çayan F, Deveci E, Tel-Çayan G, Duru ME. Identification and quantification of phenolic acid compounds of twenty-six mushrooms by HPLC–DAD. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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36
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Tang P, Tang X, Mei S, Xie Y, Liu L, Ren L. Electrochemical antioxidant screening and evaluation based on guanine and chitosan immobilized MoS2 nanosheet modified glassy carbon electrode (guanine/CS/MoS2/GCE). OPEN CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2020-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn this study, an electrochemical biosensor based on guanine and chitosan immobilized MoS2 nanosheet modified glassy carbon electrode (guanine/CS/MoS2/GCE) was developed and employed for antioxidant screening and antioxidant capacity evaluation. The oxidation peak current of guanine was improved and nearly tripled after modifications of chitosan and MoS2 nanosheet. The immobilized guanine could be damaged by hydroxyl radicals generated in Fenton solution. However, in the presence of antioxidants, the guanine was protected and the oxidation peak current of guanine increased. This process mimics the mechanism of antioxidant protection in human body. The factors affecting preparation of sensor and detection of antioxidant capacity were optimized. At the optimum conditions, the guanine/CS/MoS2/GCE showed wide linear range, low detection limit, satisfactory reproducibility and stability for detection. Ascorbic acid was used as a model antioxidant to evaluate the antioxidant capacity. A good linearity was observed with a correlation coefficient of 0.9959 in the concentrations between 0.5 and 4.0 mg L-1. The antioxidant capacities of three flavonoids were also tested and the rank of antioxidant capacities was ascorbic acid (51.84%), quercetin (45.82%), fisetin (34.39%) and catechin (16.99%). Due to the rapid measurement and low cost, this sensor could provide an available sensing platform for antioxidant screening and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Xiaosheng Tang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation and Utilization & National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biology Education & College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, China
| | - Shiyong Mei
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha410205, China
| | - Yixi Xie
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China
| | - Liangliang Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha410205, China
| | - Licheng Ren
- Department of Burn and Reconstructive Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha410083, China
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Adongbede EM, Jaiswal YS, Davis SS, Randolph PD, Huo LN, Williams LL. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Trametes polyzona (Pers.) Justo. Food Sci Biotechnol 2020; 29:27-33. [PMID: 31976124 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-019-00642-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polypores are cosmopolitan mushrooms, widely investigated for their beneficial properties in combatting multidrug resistant pathogens. The present study focuses on the need for new, naturally sourced antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds from mushrooms. The antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the phenolic extract of strains of Trametes polyzona (Pers.) Justo, were investigated. Strains of T. polyzona were analyzed for total phenolic content, Trolox antioxidant equivalent, DPPH radical scavenging and antibacterial activities. The amplification of the ribosomal DNA-ITS fragments from DNA of selected mushrooms was carried out using ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The antibacterial activity of phenolic extracts of T. polyzona was comparable to the antibiotics, ceftazidime and erythromycin. T. polyzona extracts inhibited the growth of the different strains of K. pneumoniae, E. coli, S. aureus, and S. enterica tested in this study. The results of the study demonstrate that, T. polyzona can be a potential source of antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yogini S Jaiswal
- 2Center for Excellence in Post Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 2808 USA
| | - Shurrita S Davis
- 2Center for Excellence in Post Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 2808 USA
| | - Priscilla D Randolph
- 2Center for Excellence in Post Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 2808 USA
| | - Li-Ni Huo
- 3College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530222 China
| | - Leonard L Williams
- 2Center for Excellence in Post Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 2808 USA
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Gómez-Flores LDJ, Martínez-Ruiz NDR, Enríquez-Anchondo ID, Garza-Ocañas F, Nájera-Medellín JA, Quiñónez-Martínez M. Análisis proximal y de composición mineral de cuatro especies de hongos ectomicorrízicos silvestres de la Sierra Tarahumara de Chihuahua. TIP REVISTA ESPECIALIZADA EN CIENCIAS QUÍMICO-BIOLÓGICAS 2019. [DOI: 10.22201/fesz.23958723e.2019.0.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
En Chihuahua se han registrado cerca de 500 especies de hongos macromicetos, de las que 73 son consideradas comestibles a nivel mundial. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la composición proximal y mineral de cuatro especies de hongos ectomicorrícicos comestibles de la Sierra Tarahumara en Chihuahua. Se recolectaron carpóforos de Astraeus hygrometricus, Laccaria laccata, Amanita caesarea y Pisolithus tinctorius en dos localidades del municipio de Bocoyna. A éstos se les realizó un análisis proximal para determinar el porcentaje de humedad, proteínas, grasas totales, cenizas y carbohidratos totales, así mismo se realizó un análisis de composición mineral para determinar el porcentaje de nitrógeno total (N), fósforo (P), potasio (K), calcio (Ca), magnesio (Mg), sodio (Na), cobre (Cu), hierro (Fe), manganeso (Mn) y zinc (Zn). Los resultados muestran que P. tinctorius es la especie con mayor contenido de minerales, A. hygrometricus en contenido de carbohidratos, A. caesarea en contenido de grasas y L. laccata en proteínas. De los 10 distintos minerales que fueron determinados, A. caesarea presenta el contenido más elevado en N, P, K y Zn, mientras que A. hygrometricus tiene los valores más altos de Ca y Mn. Por su parte, L. laccata muestra los contenidos más altos en Mg, Na y Cu. Finalmente, P. tinctorius resultó con los valores más altos en Fe. En general, la composición proximal y mineral de estos hongos se encuentra dentro del rango establecido para hongos comestibles, por lo que son una buena alternativa alimenticia para los habitantes de la zona.
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Shirakawa M, Uehara I, Tanaka M. Mycorrhizosphere Bacterial Communities and their Sensitivity to Antibacterial Activity of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi. Microbes Environ 2019; 34:191-198. [PMID: 31080215 PMCID: PMC6594744 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me18146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal species exhibit antibacterial activity towards culturable bacterial communities in mycorrhizospheres. Four hundred and thirty bacterial strains were isolated from the ECM root tips of Pinus densiflora and bulk soil, and 21 were co-cultured with six ECM fungal species. Three hundred and twenty-nine bacterial 16S rDNA sequences were identified in ECM roots (n=185) and bulk soil (n=144). Mycorrhizosphere isolates were dominated by Gram-negative Proteobacteria from 16 genera, including Burkholderia, Collimonas, Paraburkholderia, and Rhizobium. Paraburkholderia accounted for approximately 60%. In contrast, bulk soil isolates contained a high number of Gram-positive Firmicutes, particularly from Bacillus. Paraburkholderia accounted for ≤20% of the bacterial isolates from bulk soil, which was significantly lower than its percentage in ECM root tips. Co-cultures of six ECM fungal species with the 21 bacterial strains revealed that eight strains of three Gram-positive genera-Arthrobacter, Bacillus, and Lysinibacillus-were sensitive to the antibacterial activity of the fungi. In contrast, the Gram-negative strains, including five Paraburkholderia strains, two Burkholderia strains, and a Rhizobium sp., were not sensitive. The strength of fungal antibacterial activity varied in a species-dependent manner, but consistently affected Gram-positive bacteria. These results suggest that Gram-positive bacteria are excluded from the mycorrhizosphere by the antibacterial activity of ECM fungi, which develops specific soil bacterial communities in the mycorrhizosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Shirakawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture1–1–1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156–8502Japan
| | - Iwao Uehara
- Faculty of Regional Environment Sci., Tokyo University of Agriculture1–1–1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156–8502Japan
| | - Megumi Tanaka
- Faculty of Regional Environment Sci., Tokyo University of Agriculture1–1–1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156–8502Japan
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Cheng XD, Wu QX, Zhao J, Su T, Lu YM, Zhang WN, Wang Y, Chen Y. Immunomodulatory effect of a polysaccharide fraction on RAW 264.7 macrophages extracted from the wild Lactarius deliciosus. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 128:732-739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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New biological activity of the polysaccharide fraction from Cantharellus cibarius and its structural characterization. Food Chem 2018; 268:355-361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.06.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kargozar S, Montazerian M, Hamzehlou S, Kim HW, Baino F. Mesoporous bioactive glasses: Promising platforms for antibacterial strategies. Acta Biomater 2018; 81:1-19. [PMID: 30273742 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The control of bacterial infections is of particular importance in the field of tissue engineering. Recently, much attention has been addressed toward the use of mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) for antibacterial strategies, primarily because of their capability of acting as carriers for the local release of antimicrobial agents. The incorporation of antibacterial metallic ions including silver (Ag+), zinc (Zn2+), copper (Cu+ and Cu2+), cerium (Ce3+ and Ce4+), and gallium (Ga3+) cations into the MBG structure and their controlled release is proposed as one of the most attractive strategies for inhibiting bacterial growth and reproduction. Moreover, the possibility of loading and delivering various antibacterial biomolecules (e.g., antibiotics) through the porous structure of MBGs makes them as ideal candidates for antibacterial applications. In this review, we aim to present a comprehensive evaluation of MBG potential regarding antibacterial activities. For this purpose, different types of antibacterial ion-doped and drug-loaded MBGs are introduced and discussed in the light of existing knowledge, along with the significant challenges ahead. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Prevention and treatment of infections is one of the today's greatest challenges in medical sciences, also considering the well-known issues related to increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The advent of mesoporous glasses led to the birth of a new class of multifunctional biomaterials acting as bioactive platforms for the local release of organic or inorganic agents eliciting an antimicrobial effect. This reviews summarizes the state of the art of MBGs in this field, highlighting the latest evolutions and the specific role played by metallic antimicrobial ions that can be incorporated in the glass composition and then properly released. Perspective for tissue engineering applications are also discussed to provide an up-to-date contribution that is useful to both experienced scientists and early-stage researchers.
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Mocan A, Fernandes Â, Barros L, Crişan G, Smiljković M, Soković M, Ferreira ICFR. Chemical composition and bioactive properties of the wild mushroom Polyporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr: a study with samples from Romania. Food Funct 2018; 9:160-170. [PMID: 29168866 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01514c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In Eastern Europe, wild mushrooms are widely collected in mountain areas and used for their medicinal properties or as healthy foods. This study aimed at determining the chemical composition (nutritional value, free sugars, organic acids, phenolic compounds, fatty acids and tocopherols) and bioactive properties (antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiquorum sensing) of wild Polyporus squamosus (Huds.) Fr from Romania. The results indicate that the fruiting bodies of P. squamosus are rich in carbohydrates (74.22 g per 100 g dw) and proteins (18.7 g per 100 g dw). Trehalose was the main free sugar, while malic acid was the organic acid detected in the highest amount (2.21 g per 100 g dw), and p-hydroxybenzoic acid was the main phenolic compound. Among tocopherols, β-tocopherol was the most abundant form (114.7 μg per 100 g dw). Additionally, regarding the fatty acids' pattern, polyunsaturated acids represent more than 57% of all fatty acids, followed by monounsaturated fatty acids (24.96%). The highest measured antioxidant effect of P. squamosus extract was found using the TBARS inhibition assay (EC50 = 0.22 mg mL-1), followed by the β-carotene/linoleate assay (EC50 = 1.41 mg mL-1). A minimal inhibitory concentration of the tested extracts was obtained between 0.61-20.4 mg mL-1, while the bactericidal effect was achieved between 1.2-40.8 mg mL-1. Antibiofilm potential was obtained at all tested concentrations, and subinhibitory concentrations of the extract exhibited an antiquorum effect and reduced the formation of P. aeruginosa pili, which all together influenced the virulence of this bacterium. Due to the investigated bioactivities and compounds of P. squamosus and its well-balanced nutritional profile, this mushroom can be further used as a medicinal ingredient based on its antioxidative and antimicrobial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Mocan
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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Buruleanu LC, Radulescu C, Georgescu AA, Danet FA, Olteanu RL, Nicolescu CM, Dulama ID. Statistical Characterization of the Phytochemical Characteristics of Edible Mushroom Extracts. ANAL LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2017.1366499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Claudia Buruleanu
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Food Science, Valahia University of Targoviste, Targoviste, Romania
| | - Cristiana Radulescu
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Valahia University of Targoviste, Targoviste, Romania
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology, Valahia University of Targoviste, Targoviste, Romania
| | - Andreea Antonia Georgescu
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Food Science, Valahia University of Targoviste, Targoviste, Romania
- Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florin Andrei Danet
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Radu Lucian Olteanu
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Food Science, Valahia University of Targoviste, Targoviste, Romania
| | - Cristina Mihaela Nicolescu
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Food Science, Valahia University of Targoviste, Targoviste, Romania
| | - Ioana Daniela Dulama
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Food Science, Valahia University of Targoviste, Targoviste, Romania
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Qi L, Liu H, Li J, Li T, Wang Y. Feature Fusion of ICP-AES, UV-Vis and FT-MIR for Origin Traceability of Boletus edulis Mushrooms in Combination with Chemometrics. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 18:E241. [PMID: 29342969 PMCID: PMC5795700 DOI: 10.3390/s18010241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Origin traceability is an important step to control the nutritional and pharmacological quality of food products. Boletus edulis mushroom is a well-known food resource in the world. Its nutritional and medicinal properties are drastically varied depending on geographical origins. In this study, three sensor systems (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometer (ICP-AES), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (FT-MIR)) were applied for the origin traceability of 192 mushroom samples (caps and stipes) in combination with chemometrics. The difference between cap and stipe was clearly illustrated based on a single sensor technique, respectively. Feature variables from three instruments were used for origin traceability. Two supervised classification methods, partial least square discriminant analysis (FLS-DA) and grid search support vector machine (GS-SVM), were applied to develop mathematical models. Two steps (internal cross-validation and external prediction for unknown samples) were used to evaluate the performance of a classification model. The result is satisfactory with high accuracies ranging from 90.625% to 100%. These models also have an excellent generalization ability with the optimal parameters. Based on the combination of three sensory systems, our study provides a multi-sensory and comprehensive origin traceability of B. edulis mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luming Qi
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China.
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Honggao Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Jieqing Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Tao Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi 653100, China.
| | - Yuanzhong Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China.
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Characterization of Physico-Chemical Properties and Antioxidant Capacities of Bioactive Honey Produced from Australian Grown Agastache rugosa and its Correlation with Colour and Poly-Phenol Content. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23010108. [PMID: 29304019 PMCID: PMC6017773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant and antimicrobial components of honey vary based on sourced of nectar. Medicinal plants with the therapeutic value have potential to produce honey with greater bioactivity. The aim of the present study was to characterize the physico-chemical and antioxidant capacities of Agastache honey produced from Agastache rugosa and compare them with other popular commercial honeys sold in Australia. The total phenolics, total flavonoids, moisture content, colour, pH, protein content and antioxidant capacity were evaluated for Agastache, Manuka, Jelly bush, Tea tree, Super manuka and Jarrah honeys. The results reveal that the moisture content ranged from 17-21%, pH ranged from 3.8-4.3 and estimated protein content ranged from 900-2200 µg/g. The DPPH•, ABTS•+, ORAC and FRAP methods were used to measure the antioxidant capacity of the honey samples. The DPPH• % inhibition, ABTS•+, ORAC and FRAP values for Agastache honey were 9.85 (±1.98 µmol TE/g), 26.88 (±0.32 µmol TE/g), 19.78 (±1.1 µmol TE/g) and 3.61 (±0.02 µmol TE/g) whereas the highest antioxidant capacity values obtained were 18.69 (±0.9 µmol TE/g), 30.72 (±0.27 µmol TE/g), 26.95 (±0.9 µmol TE/g) and 3.68 (±0.04 µmol TE/g), respectively. There was a positive correlation between colour, total phenolic content and DPPH• scavenging activity for most of the honeys except Tea tree honey. However, there was no clear correlation with ABTS•+, ORAC and FRAP values. The measured antioxidant capacity of samples varied with the assays used. The DPPH• assay clearly indicated that the phenolic compounds contribute to the scavenging activity of the honeys. Nevertheless, all assays confirm that Agastache honey has significant antioxidant capacity. Therefore, Agastache honey can be important to human nutrition and health.
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Exploration of Macrofungi in Sub-Tropical Semi-Evergreen Indian Forest Ecosystems. Fungal Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02622-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Novaković A, Karaman M, Milovanović I, Torbica A, Tomić J, Pejin B, Sakač M. Nutritional and phenolic profile of small edible fungal species Coprinellus disseminatus (pers.) J.E. Lange 1938. FOOD AND FEED RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.5937/ffr1802119n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Butkhup L, Samappito W, Jorjong S. Evaluation of bioactivities and phenolic contents of wild edible mushrooms from northeastern Thailand. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 27:193-202. [PMID: 30263740 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five wild edible mushrooms from Northeastern Thailand were analyzed for their antioxidant activities, proteins, sugars, β-glucan, and phenolic profiles. Results showed that T. clypeatus and V. volvacea exhibited the greatest scavenging activity (83.07 and 86.60%) and reductive power (9.79 and 8.42 g Fe(II)/kg, respectively). T. clypeatus recorded the highest content of (+)-catechin and naringenin (13.40 and 0.74 g/kg dw), with V. volvacea the highest amount of quercetin and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (1.82 and 1.16 g/kg dw, respectively). Both T. clypeatus and V. volvacea also exhibited the greatest amounts of β-glucan (125.23 and 344.43 g/kg dw) and protein (343.30 and 452.20 g/kg dw, respectively) among the mushroom species evaluated. Results suggested that both T. clypeatus and V. volvacea were a good source of healthy compounds, namely β-glucan and flavonoids, and could be used to mitigate diseases involving free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luchai Butkhup
- 1Natural Antioxidant Innovation Research Unit (NAIRU), Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, 44000 Thailand
| | - Wannee Samappito
- 2Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, 44000 Thailand
| | - Sujitar Jorjong
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Natural Resource, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Sakonnakhon Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
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