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Mufakhir FR, Yoga GP, Darusman T, Lestari DP, Arriyadi D, Utami RR, Sumardi S, Astuti W, Prasetia H. Mercury risk assessment scenarios: exposure from fish dietary behaviors of Katingan River Basin community. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38245837 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2303980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Katingan River has been contaminated by mercury from ASGM activities since the early 2000s. This study aims to assess the risk of mercury exposure from Katingan fish consumption and analyze relationships between exposure variables. We proposed two risk assessment scenarios based on mercury analysis of 74 fish samples and fish consumption questionnaire. The risk assessment result revealed that estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of Scenario 2 were generally 3-4 times higher than Scenario 1. The statistical test results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in EDI values between scenarios, indicating that variations in fish consumption influenced the mercury intake. Three different health reference-based values (HRVs) were applied in estimating the hazard quotient (HQ) and it influenced the HQ results (p < 0.05), for both scenarios. The relationship analysis between variables presented a strong non-linear correlation between EDI and hair mercury level for both scenarios, but a weak relationship between age and hair mercury level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fika R Mufakhir
- Research Center for Mining Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Lampung, Indonesia
| | - Gunawan P Yoga
- Research Center for Limnology and Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Taryono Darusman
- Research and Development Department, PT Rimba Makmur Utama, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Dwi P Lestari
- Research and Development Department, PT Rimba Makmur Utama, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Desra Arriyadi
- Research and Development Department, PT Rimba Makmur Utama, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Rosetyati R Utami
- Research Center for Limnology and Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia
- Institute for Science in Society, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Slamet Sumardi
- Research Center for Mining Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Lampung, Indonesia
| | - Widi Astuti
- Research Center for Mining Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Lampung, Indonesia
| | - Hendra Prasetia
- Research Center for Mining Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Lampung, Indonesia
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Rumiantseva O, Ivanova E, Komov V. High variability of mercury content in the hair of Russia Northwest population: the role of the environment and social factors. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021; 95:1027-1042. [PMID: 34694485 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01812-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this work is to study mercury levels in the hair of different social and demographic groups of the population of the Vologda region in Northwest Russia. This region is selected due to a heterogeneous distribution of rivers and lakes-a resource base for fishing. METHODS The mercury content was determined in the hair from the root with a length of about 2 cm. The concentration of total mercury in human hair was determined by the atomic absorption method without preliminary sample preparation using an RA-915M mercury analyzer and a PYRO-915 + pyrolysis unit. RESULTS The average level of mercury in the human hair was 0.445 μg/g (median 0.220 μg/g). The concentration of mercury in the hair of people older than 44 years (0.875 μg/g) was three times higher than in the hair of children under 18 years of age (0.270 μg/g). People who eat fish less than once per month had a hair mercury concentration of 0.172 μg/g, for 1-2 times a month 0.409 μg/g, once a week 0.555 μg/g, and several times a week 0.995 μg/g. The concentration of mercury in the hair of smokers (0.514 μg/g) was higher than in the hair of non-smokers (0.426 μg/g). CONCLUSION Significantly higher concentrations of mercury were observed in the hair of participants from the western part of the region, where reservoirs are the main commercial sources of fish products. The data showed that the main source of people's mercury intake was fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Rumiantseva
- Department of Biology, Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Russia, 162600.
| | - Elena Ivanova
- Department of Biology, Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Russia, 162600
| | - Viktor Komov
- Department of Biology, Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Russia, 162600
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia, 152742
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Aleksina I, Komov V. Factors affecting the mercury concentration in the hair of young residents of the Vologda region, Russia. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04580. [PMID: 32793826 PMCID: PMC7413987 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to assess the level of mercury accumulation in the hair of students studying in the Vologda Region, Russia. Particular attention is devoted to clarifying the relationship between the metal concentration in the hair and the amount of fish in the diet. It was found that the mercury content in the hair of Vologda Region residents aged 17–21 is in the range from less than 0.002 mg/kg to 1.69 mg/kg, the median of the indicator for the entire sample is 0.14 mg/kg. The median value of mercury content in the hair of males (0.12 mg/kg) is lower than in the hair of females (0.16 mg/kg). The lowest metal concentrations were observed in individuals living in the city of Cherepovets and the highest metal concentration among the entire sample and in females in the western areas, and males in the eastern areas of the Vologda Region. The concentration of metal in the hair of the urban population is lower than in subjects living in rural areas. A higher metal content in the hair was recorded in individuals whose diet usually contains fish twice a month.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliia Aleksina
- Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Vologda Region, 162600, Russia
| | - Viktor Komov
- Cherepovets State University, Cherepovets, Vologda Region, 162600, Russia.,Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Yaroslavl Region, 152742, Russia
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Freitas JS, Lacerda EMCB, Rodrigues Júnior D, Corvelo TCO, Silveira LCL, Pinheiro MDACN, Souza GS. Mercury exposure of children living in Amazonian villages: influence of geographical location where they lived during prenatal and postnatal development. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2019; 91:e20180097. [PMID: 31017187 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201920180097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In some Amazonian river basins, hair mercury concentration is above the recommended levels. We evaluated the influence of birth geographical location in the hair mercury level of Amazonian riverine children. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hair mercury concentration was measured in 219 children living in four Amazonian riverine communities: Tapajós River (São Luiz do Tapajós and Barreiras villages, n = 110), Tocantins River (Limoeiro do Ajurú village, n = 61), and Caeté River (Caratateua village, n = 48). We used Poisson regression analysis to evaluate the association between native and non-native children from each village and its hair mercury concentration. RESULTS Higher mercury exposure was found in native children from São Luiz do Tapajós (range = 0.81-22.38 µg/g) followed by native children from Barreiras (range = 0.48-13.46 µg/g), non-native children from São Luiz do Tapajós (range = 0.26-22.18 µg/g), non-native children from Barreiras (range = 0.43-20.76 µg/g), followed by the children from Caeté and Tocantins river basins. We observed that Tapajós villages' native children had higher prevalence of mercury exposure children than other children (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Birth geographical location has association to mercury levels in the hair of children who lived in a same community with history of mercury exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce S Freitas
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Avenida Generalíssimo Deodoro, 92, Umarizal, 66055-240 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Dario Rodrigues Júnior
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Avenida Generalíssimo Deodoro, 92, Umarizal, 66055-240 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Tereza Cristina O Corvelo
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Avenida Generalíssimo Deodoro, 92, Umarizal, 66055-240 Belém, PA, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Correa, 01, Guamá, 66075-110 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos L Silveira
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Avenida Generalíssimo Deodoro, 92, Umarizal, 66055-240 Belém, PA, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Correa, 01, Guamá, 66075-110 Belém, PA, Brazil.,Universidade do Ceuma, Rua José Montello, 1, Renascença II, 65075-120 São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Maria DA Conceição N Pinheiro
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Avenida Generalíssimo Deodoro, 92, Umarizal, 66055-240 Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Givago S Souza
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Avenida Generalíssimo Deodoro, 92, Umarizal, 66055-240 Belém, PA, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Correa, 01, Guamá, 66075-110 Belém, PA, Brazil
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Mercury Hair Concentration among Primary School Children in Malaysia. CHILDREN-BASEL 2017; 4:children4120109. [PMID: 29240681 PMCID: PMC5742754 DOI: 10.3390/children4120109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main concern regarding mercury exposure is the adverse health effect on the developing nervous system. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine hair mercury levels and their association with socio-demographic characteristics, complaints about mercury poisoning symptoms and the fish consumption pattern among children in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 215 school children aged 11 years old. Hair was collected from the children and the total mercury was analyzed using oxygen combustion–gold amalgamation atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Anthropometric data, a fish consumption questionnaire and mercury poisoning symptoms were collected during a personal interview. The mean hair mercury level among primary school children was 0.63 ± 0.59 µg/g with the geometric mean of 0.47 µg/g. A total of 14% of respondents had hair mercury levels above 1 µg/g. A multiple binary logistic regression analysis outlined that fish consumption of at least one meal per week increased the likelihood of having a high mercury level (odds ratio (OR) 3.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3–10.4). This study confirms the existence of a mercury burden among Malaysian children and the level is high compared to other regional studies. This study provides important baseline data regarding the mercury level among children in Malaysia.
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Liang G, Pan L, Liu X. Assessment of Typical Heavy Metals in Human Hair of Different Age Groups and Foodstuffs in Beijing, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14080914. [PMID: 28805752 PMCID: PMC5580617 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14080914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human hair of different age groups and foodstuff samples were collected in Beijing, China. The concerned metals—Cd, Cr, Pb, As, and Hg—were analyzed, and the metal levels in relation to age, gender, and dietary intake were further assessed. Results showed the highest level of the metals was shown by Pb, with an average concentration of 1.557 ± 0.779 mg/kg, followed by Cr (0.782 ± 0.394), Hg (0.284 ± 0.094), As (0.127 ± 0.078), and Cd (0.071 ± 0.032), following a decreasing order of Pb > Cr > Hg > As > Cd, which were all below the upper limit of normal values in China. The heavy metal concentrations varied greatly among different age groups, and higher concentrations for Cd, Cr, Pb, and As appeared in female hair, whereas higher Hg concentration were found in male hair, suggesting that age and gender were not crucial factors for assessing metal concentrations in human hair. The ingestion of cereals and vegetables were the main route by which heavy metals in the environment create hazardous health effects for local inhabitants, but the estimated metal intakes through food consumption were all lower than the proposed limit of Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI), indicating that heavy metals posed no health risks for the inhabitants. Furthermore, little relationship was found between metal intakes and the corresponding metal levels in hair. Nevertheless, the results of this study can be used to analyze the internal heavy metal burden in the resident population of Beijing area and can also serve as reference for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liang
- Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China.
- Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Ligang Pan
- Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China.
- Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China.
| | - Xinhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Janaydeh M, Ismail A, Zulkifli SZ, Bejo MH, Aziz NAA, Taneenah A. The use of feather as an indicator for heavy metal contamination in house crow (Corvus splendens) in the Klang area, Selangor, Malaysia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:22059-22071. [PMID: 27541152 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Klang area of Peninsular Malaysia has experienced rapid industrial growth with intense activities, which can increase the concentration of pollutants in the environment that significantly impact on habitats and the human health. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of selected heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe, and Pb) in the heart, lung, brain, liver, kidney, muscle tissues, and feathers of house crow, Corvus splendens, in Klang, Peninsular Malaysia. House crow samples were collected from the Klang area through the Department of Public Health at Majlis Perbandaran Klang. Quantitative determination of heavy metals was carried out using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The result shows the presence of heavy metals in all biological samples of house crows. For heavy metals in all the house crow tissues analyzed, Fe concentrations were the highest, followed by those of Zn, Cu, Pb, and Ni. The feathers and kidney accumulated high concentrations of Pb, whereas the liver accumulated high concentrations of essential heavy metals (Fe > Zn > Cu > Ni). Significant variations were also detected in the concentrations of Pb among adult and juvenile and male and female bird samples. The results also revealed significant positive correlations between Pb metal concentration in the breast feathers and all internal organs. Accumulation of toxic heavy metals in feathers reflected storing and elimination processes, while the accumulation of toxic heavy metals in the kidney can be consequential to chronic exposure. The present study clearly shows the usefulness of house crow breast feather as a suitable indicator for heavy metal accumulation in the internal organs of house crows in the Klang area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Janaydeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Ismail
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Syaizwan Zahmir Zulkifli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hair Bejo
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azwady Abd Aziz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ayat Taneenah
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Syaripuddin K, Kumar A, Sing KW, Halim MRA, Nursyereen MN, Wilson JJ. Mercury accumulation in bats near hydroelectric reservoirs in Peninsular Malaysia. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2014; 23:1164-1171. [PMID: 24840106 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1258-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In large man-made reservoirs such as those resulting from hydroelectric dam construction, bacteria transform the relatively harmless inorganic mercury naturally present in soil and the submerged plant matter into toxic methylmercury. Methylmercury then enters food webs and can accumulate in organisms at higher trophic levels. Bats feeding on insects emerging from aquatic systems can show accumulation of mercury consumed through their insect prey. In this study, we investigated whether the concentration of mercury in the fur of insectivorous bat species was significantly higher than that in the fur of frugivorous bat species, sampled near hydroelectric reservoirs in Peninsular Malaysia. Bats were sampled at Temenggor Lake and Kenyir Lake and fur samples from the most abundant genera of the two feeding guilds-insectivorous (Hipposideros and Rhinolophus) and frugivorous (Cynopterus and Megaerops) were collected for mercury analysis. We found significantly higher concentrations of total mercury in the fur of insectivorous bats. Mercury concentrations also differed significantly between insectivorous bats sampled at the two sites, with bats from Kenyir Lake, the younger reservoir, showing higher mercury concentrations, and between the insectivorous genera, with Hipposideros bats showing higher mercury concentrations. Ten bats (H. cf. larvatus) sampled at Kenyir Lake had mercury concentrations approaching or exceeding 10 mg/kg, which is the threshold at which detrimental effects occur in humans, bats and mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairunnisa Syaripuddin
- Museum of Zoology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Pirard C, Koppen G, De Cremer K, Van Overmeire I, Govarts E, Dewolf MC, Van De Mieroop E, Aerts D, Biot P, Casteleyn L, Kolossa-Gehring M, Schwedler G, Angerer J, Koch HM, Schindler BK, Castaño A, Esteban M, Schoeters G, Den Hond E, Sepai O, Exley K, Horvat M, Bloemen L, Knudsen LE, Joas R, Joas A, Van Loco J, Charlier C. Hair mercury and urinary cadmium levels in Belgian children and their mothers within the framework of the COPHES/DEMOCOPHES projects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 472:730-740. [PMID: 24333995 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A harmonized human biomonitoring pilot study was set up within the frame of the European projects DEMOCOPHES and COPHES. In 17 European countries, biomarkers of some environmental pollutants, including urinary cadmium and hair mercury, were measured in children and their mothers in order to obtain European-wide comparison values on these chemicals. The Belgian participant population consisted in 129 school children (6-11 years) and their mothers (≤ 45 years) living in urban or rural areas of Belgium. The geometric mean levels for mercury in hair were 0.383 μg/g and 0.204 μg/g for respectively mothers and children. Cadmium in mother's and children's urine was detected at a geometric mean concentration of respectively 0.21 and 0.04 μg/l. For both biomarkers, levels measured in the mothers and their child were correlated. While the urinary cadmium levels increased with age, no trend was found for hair mercury content, except the fact that mothers hold higher levels than children. The hair mercury content increased significantly with the number of dental amalgam fillings, explaining partially the higher levels in the mothers by their higher presence rate of these amalgams compared to children. Fish or seafood consumption was the other main parameter determining the mercury levels in hair. No relationship was found between smoking status and cadmium or mercury levels, but the studied population included very few smokers. Urinary cadmium levels were higher in both mothers and children living in urban areas, while for mercury this difference was only significant for children. Our small population showed urinary cadmium and hair mercury levels lower than the health based guidelines suggested by the WHO or the JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives). Only 1% had cadmium level slightly higher than the German HBM-I value (1 μg/l for adults), and 9% exceeded the 1 μg mercury/g hair suggested by the US EPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Pirard
- CHU of Liege, Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, CHU (B35), 4000 Liege, Belgium.
| | - Gudrun Koppen
- Flemish Institute of Technological Research, Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Koen De Cremer
- Scientific Institute of Public Health, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ilse Van Overmeire
- Scientific Institute of Public Health, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Eva Govarts
- Flemish Institute of Technological Research, Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Christine Dewolf
- Provincial Institute Hainaut Vigilance Sanitaire - Hainaut Hygiène Publique en (HVS-HPH), Boulevard Sainctelette, 55, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Els Van De Mieroop
- Provincial Institute for Hygiene (PIH), Boomgaardstraat 22 bus 1, 2600 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Dominique Aerts
- Federal Public Service Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment, Place Victor Horta 40/10, 1060 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Pierre Biot
- Federal Public Service Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment, Place Victor Horta 40/10, 1060 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ludwine Casteleyn
- University of Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - Gerda Schwedler
- Federal Environment Agency, Corrensplatz 1, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Angerer
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Holger M Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Birgit K Schindler
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Argelia Castaño
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda - Pozuelo, Km. 2, 28220, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta Esteban
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda - Pozuelo, Km. 2, 28220, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Greet Schoeters
- Flemish Institute of Technological Research, Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Elly Den Hond
- Flemish Institute of Technological Research, Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Ovnair Sepai
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Karen Exley
- Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Milena Horvat
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Louis Bloemen
- Environmental Health Science International, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Lisbeth E Knudsen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353 København, Denmark.
| | - Reinhard Joas
- BiPRO GmbH, Grauertstrasse 12, 81545 Munich, Germany.
| | - Anke Joas
- BiPRO GmbH, Grauertstrasse 12, 81545 Munich, Germany.
| | - Joris Van Loco
- Scientific Institute of Public Health, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Corinne Charlier
- CHU of Liege, Laboratory of Clinical, Forensic and Environmental Toxicology, CHU (B35), 4000 Liege, Belgium.
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Ni W, Chen Y, Huang Y, Wang X, Zhang G, Luo J, Wu K. Hair mercury concentrations and associated factors in an electronic waste recycling area, Guiyu, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 128:84-91. [PMID: 24267793 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Toxic heavy metals are released to the environment constantly from unregulated electronic waste (e-waste) recycling in Guiyu, China, and thus may contribute to the elevation of mercury (Hg) and other heavy metals levels in human hair. We aimed to investigate concentrations of mercury in hair from Guiyu and potential risk factors and compared them with those from a control area where no e-waste processing occurs. METHODS A total of 285 human hair samples were collected from three villages (including Beilin, Xianma, and Huamei) of Guiyu (n=205) and the control area, Jinping district of Shantou city (n=80). All the volunteers were administered a questionnaire regarding socio-demographic characteristics and other possible factors contributed to hair mercury concentration. Hair mercury concentration was analyzed by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). RESULTS Our results suggested that hair mercury concentrations in volunteers of Guiyu (median, 0.99; range, 0.18-3.98μg/g) were significantly higher than those of Jinping (median, 0.59; range, 0.12-1.63μg/g). We also observed a higher over-limit ratio (>1μg/g according to USEPA) in Guiyu than in Jinping (48.29% vs. 11.25%, P<0.001). Logistic regression model showed that the variables of living house also served as an e-waste workshop, work related to e-waste, family income, time of residence in Guiyu, the distance between home and waste incineration, and fish intake were associated with hair mercury concentration. After multiple stepwise regression analysis, in the Guiyu samples, hair mercury concentration was found positively associated with the time residence in Guiyu (β=0.299, P<0.001), and frequency of shellfish intake (β=0.184, P=0.016); and negatively associated with the distance between home and waste incineration (β=-0.190, P=0.015) and whether house also served as e-waste workshop (β=-0.278, P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study investigated human mercury exposure and suggested elevated hair mercury concentrations in an e-waste recycling area, Guiyu, China. Living in Guiyu for a long time and work related to e-waste may primarily contribute to the high hair mercury concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Ni
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaowen Chen
- Central Laboratory of Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Gairong Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Shantou University, Shantou 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiayi Luo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
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11
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Vieira HC, Morgado F, Soares AMVM, Abreu SN. Mercury in scalp hair near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) in relation to high fish consumption. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 156:29-35. [PMID: 24178786 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9849-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential risk of mercury contamination near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge relating total mercury (THg) concentrations in the human scalp hair (n = 110) and high fish consumption levels. THg was quantified in human scalp hair, and volunteers were questioned about age, gender, and smoking habits being subsequently grouped in categories based on the individual average intake of fish meals per week. THg concentrations ([THg]) in hair samples ranged from 0.05 to 2.24 μg g(-1), and significant differences were found according to age (p < 0.05) and also among volunteers presenting different fish consumption rates (p < 0.001) being the highest [THg] observed on the adult population and also on volunteers that indicated consuming five or more meals of fish per week. Results indicate a pattern of increased mercury accumulation with increasing fish consumption. Despite mercury availability and a potential mercury intake of up to seven times, the WHO provisional tolerable weekly intake of mercury value, in consequence of high fish consumption, mercury concentrations in scalp hair are comparatively low regarding recommended levels by WHO.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Vieira
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal,
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12
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Aldroobi KSA, Shukri A, Bauk S, Munem EMA, Abuarra A. Determination of arsenic and mercury level in scalp hair from a selected population in Penang, Malaysia using XRF technique. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Hajeb P, Jinap S, Ismail A, Mahyudin NA. Mercury pollution in Malaysia. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2012; 220:45-66. [PMID: 22610296 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3414-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Although several studies have been published on levels of mercury contamination of the environment, and of food and human tissues in Peninsular Malaysia, there is a serious dearth of research that has been performed in East Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak). Industry is rapidly developing in East Malaysia, and, hence, there is a need for establishing baseline levels of mercury contamination in environmental media in that part of the country by performing monitoring studies. Residues of total mercury and inorganic in food samples have been determined in nearly all previous studies that have been conducted; however, few researchers have analyzed samples for the presence of methlymercury residues. Because methylmercury is the most toxic form of mercury, and because there is a growing public awareness of the risk posed by methylmercury exposure that is associated with fish and seafood consumption, further monitoring studies on methylmercury in food are also essential. From the results of previous studies, it is obvious that the economic development in Malaysia, in recent years, has affected the aquatic environment of the country. Primary areas of environmental concern are centered on the rivers of the west Peninsular Malaysian coast, and the coastal waters of the Straits of Malacca, wherein industrial activities are rapidly expanding. The sources of existing mercury input to both of these areas of Malaysia should be studied and identified. Considering the high levels of mercury that now exists in human tissues, efforts should be continued, and accelerated in the future, if possible, to monitor mercury contamination levels in the coastal states, and particularly along the west Peninsular Malaysian coast. Most studies that have been carried out on mercury residues in environmental samples are dated, having been conducted 20-30 years ago; therefore, the need to collect much more and more current data is urgent. Furthermore, establishing baseline levels of mercury exposure to humans in Malaysia will be useful in establishing the levels at which detrimental effects in both humans and marine life may occur, and therefore the levels at which warning should be raised or limits established. In particular, we believe that two or three monitoring centers should be established in Peninsular Malaysia, and one in East Malaysia for the specific purpose of monitoring for the presence of hazardous environmental chemicals, and particularly monitoring for heavy metals such as mercury that reach food that is subject to consistent human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Hajeb
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Centre of Excellence for Food Safety Research (CEFSR), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, 43400 UPM, Malaysia
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14
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Hajeb P, Jinap S, Ahmad I. Biomagnifications of mercury and methylmercury in tuna and mackerel. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2010; 171:205-217. [PMID: 20041345 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-009-1272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Seawater may be contaminated by harmful substances, including toxic elements released by human activities. The present study evaluates the total mercury and methylmercury concentrations and their correlations to fish body size in longtail tuna and short-bodied mackerel from Chendring, Kuantan, at east coast and Kuala Perlis at west costs of Peninsular Malaysia during May to November 2007. Total mercury and methylmercury in muscle tissue of 69 samples of longtail tuna and short-bodied mackerel, ranged from 0.180 to 1.460 μg/g and 0.0.169-0.973 μg/g and 0.251-1.470 μg/g and 0.202-1.352, whereas the methylmercury to total mercury ratio ranged from 70% to 83%, respectively. Samples of both species from the east coast showed higher levels of mercury compared to those from west coast. In all of the locations, significant positive correlations were found between fish body weight and mercury content (R(2) > 0.470). The estimated weekly intake of total mercury and methylmercury from the consumption 66.33 g/week of short-bodied mackerel and 18.34 g/week of longtail tuna (based on local dietry survey) was found to be lower than the maximum limit of 5 and 1.5 μg/kg bodyweight established by FAO/WHO and codex, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hajeb
- Centre of Excellence for Food Safety Research (CEFSR), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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15
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Endo T, Haraguchi K. High mercury levels in hair samples from residents of Taiji, a Japanese whaling town. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2010; 60:743-747. [PMID: 20045122 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2009] [Revised: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the mercury concentrations in red meat from pilot whales consumed by some residents of the Japanese whaling town, Taiji, and in hair samples from 50 residents for their maker of mercury burden. The methyl mercury (M-Hg) level in the red meat was 5.9 microg/wet g, markedly higher than the US FDA action level and Cordex Alimentarius guideline level for predatory fish (1.0 microg/wet g). The average level of total mercury (T-Hg) in the hair from residents who ate whale meat more than once a month was 24.6 microg/g, whereas the average from the residents who did not consume any whale meat was 4.3 microg/g. The T-Hg concentrations in the hair from three donors exceeded 50 microg/g, the level for NOAEL set by WHO. The T-Hg level found in the Taiji whale meat consumers was markedly higher than that observed in the Japanese population overall (about 2 microg/g).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Endo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan.
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16
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Gerstenberger SL, Martinson A, Kramer JL. An evaluation of mercury concentrations in three brands of canned tuna. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2010; 29:237-242. [PMID: 20821440 DOI: 10.1002/etc.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
There is widespread concern over the presence of Hg in fish consumed by humans. While studies have been focused on determining the Hg concentration in sport fish and some commercial fish, little attention has been directed to canned tuna; it is widely held that concentrations are low. In the present study, the amount of Hg present in canned tuna purchased in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, was examined, and the brand, temporal variation, type, and packaging medium impacts on Hg concentrations in tuna were explored. A significant (p < 0.001) brand difference was noted: Brand 3 contained higher Hg concentrations ($\bar x$ standard deviation (SD) (0.777 +/- 0.320 ppm) than Brands 1 (0.541 +/- 0.114 ppm) and 2 (0.550 +/- 0.199 ppm). Chunk white tuna (0.619 +/- 0.212 ppm) and solid white tuna (0.576 +/- 0.178 ppm) were both significantly (p < 0.001) higher in mean Hg than chunk light tuna (0.137 +/- 0.063 ppm). No significant temporal variation was noted, and packaging had no significant effect on Hg concentration. In total, 55% of all tuna examined was above the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA) safety level for human consumption (0.5 ppm), and 5% of the tuna exceeded the action level established by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA) (1.0 ppm). These results indicate that stricter regulation of the canned tuna industry is necessary to ensure the safety of sensitive populations such as pregnant women, infants, and children. According to the U.S. EPA reference dose of 0.1 microg/kg body weight per day and a mean Hg value of 0.619 ppm, a 25-kg child may consume a meal (75 g) of canned chunk white tuna only once every 18.6 d. Continued monitoring of the industry and efforts to reduce Hg concentrations in canned tuna are recommended. Environ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn L Gerstenberger
- School of Community Health Sciences, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Adam Martinson
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
| | - Joanna L Kramer
- School of Community Health Sciences, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Nevada Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland Parkway, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA
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Hajeb P, Jinap S. Effects of washing pre-treatment on mercury concentration in fish tissue. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2009; 26:1354-61. [DOI: 10.1080/02652030903150567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Cheng J, Gao L, Zhao W, Liu X, Sakamoto M, Wang W. Mercury levels in fisherman and their household members in Zhoushan, China: impact of public health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2009; 407:2625-2630. [PMID: 19201452 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2008] [Revised: 01/11/2009] [Accepted: 01/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Zhoushan Island is situated in the coast of the East China Sea. In order to assess the potential health risks associated with dietary consumption of mercury, hair samples from 59 piscatorial households, thirteen species of fish, crops and poultry samples were collected from the fishing villagers of Zhoushan. Total mercury (T-Hg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in the fathers' hair (mean, 5.7 and 3.8 microg/g) were approximately 2.5 and 2.1 times greater and 2.6 and 2.0 times higher than those of their wives (2.3 and 1.8 microg/g) and their children (2.2 and 1.7 microg/g), respectively. However, the mean quantity of the fish consumed by the fathers was 2.5 and 2.4 times higher than those of the mothers and children, implying that there was a wide variation in hair Hg concentrations between the fathers and the mothers and children of the same household, which was probably related to the quantity, frequency and type of fish consumed. The average T-Hg and MeHg concentrations in all species of fish were 0.26 and 0.18 microg/g, respectively. Approximately, 15% and 19% of the samples showed T-Hg and MeHg levels which exceeded the limit established by the Chinese National Standard Agency (CNSA) (0.3 and 0.2 microg/g), respectively. However, T-Hg and MeHg levels in crops, poultry, milk, drinking water, food oil and salt samples were all below the corresponding CNSA limit. The estimated total daily dietary intakes of T-Hg and MeHg via different food types showed that fish intake was the major source (>85%) of Hg exposure. The consumption advisories for the total quantity of thirteen species of fish were 69.3, 58.7 and 15.0 g per day for fathers, mothers and children, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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