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Sayyari A, Krogenæs AK, Mayer I, Labbé C. Sperm handling and management in the teleost model fish Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Sci Rep 2024; 14:14736. [PMID: 38926593 PMCID: PMC11208518 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) has been used as a model organism in different research fields, including reproductive physiology. Sperm motility is the most important marker for male fertility in fish and, thus, reproduction success. However, because of small volume of ejaculate and short motility duration, it is still challenging to manage the sperm collection and analysis in small model fish. In the present study, we aimed to investigate sperm motility and to optimize sperm collection, short-term sperm storage, and cryopreservation in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Using two different approaches for sperm collection: testes dissection and abdominal massage, different housing conditions and activating the sperm with different activation solutions, we investigated immediate sperm motility. In the second part of this study, we used different osmolalities of immobilization solution, Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) for sperm storage at 0, 2 and 3 h after sperm collection. Finally, the sperm were cryopreserved using methanol as cryoprotectant and HBSS as extender at two different osmolalities, and post-thaw sperm motility was investigated. The highest post-activating sperm motility was achieved in the groups activated by the extender at 300 mOsm/kg. The quality of sperm remained unaffected by co-housing with females or with males only. Furthermore, Hanks' Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) with an osmolality of 600 mOsm/kg demonstrated its efficacy as a suitable extender for sperm storage, preserving motility and progressivity for 3 h. The highest post-thaw motility was around 35%. There were no significant differences between post-thaw motility in different groups. We also found that post-thaw incubation on ice can maintain the motility of the sperm for up to one hour after thawing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Sayyari
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.
| | - Anette Kristine Krogenæs
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Ian Mayer
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Catherine Labbé
- INRAE, Fish Physiology and Genomics, UR 1037, Rennes, France
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Dasmahapatra AK, Williams CB, Myla A, Tiwary SK, Tchounwou PB. A systematic review of the evaluation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the Japanese medaka ( Oryzias latipes) fish. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1272368. [PMID: 38090358 PMCID: PMC10711633 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1272368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) is an acceptable small laboratory fish model for the evaluation and assessment of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) found in the environment. In this research, we used this fish as a potential tool for the identification of EDCs that have a significant impact on human health. We conducted an electronic search in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed) and Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.com/) using the search terms, Japanese medaka, Oryzias latipes, and endocrine disruptions, and sorted 205 articles consisting of 128 chemicals that showed potential effects on estrogen-androgen-thyroid-steroidogenesis (EATS) pathways of Japanese medaka. From these chemicals, 14 compounds, namely, 17β-estradiol (E2), ethinylestradiol (EE2), tamoxifen (TAM), 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT), 17β-trenbolone (TRB), flutamide (FLU), vinclozolin (VIN), triiodothyronine (T3), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), terephthalic acid (TPA), trifloxystrobin (TRF), ketoconazole (KTC), and prochloraz (PCZ), were selected as references and used for the identification of apical endpoints within the EATS modalities. Among these endpoints, during classification, priorities are given to sex reversal (masculinization of females and feminization of males), gonad histology (testis-ova or ovotestis), secondary sex characteristics (anal fin papillae of males), plasma and liver vitellogenin (VTG) contents in males, swim bladder inflation during larval development, hepatic vitellogenin (vtg) and choriogenin (chg) genes in the liver of males, and several genes, including estrogen-androgen-thyroid receptors in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad/thyroid axis (HPG/T). After reviewing 205 articles, we identified 108 (52.68%), 46 (22.43%), 19 (9.26%), 22 (17.18%), and 26 (12.68%) papers that represented studies on estrogen endocrine disruptors (EEDs), androgen endocrine disruptors (AEDs), thyroid endocrine disruptors (TEDs), and/or steroidogenesis modulators (MOS), respectively. Most importantly, among 128 EDCs, 32 (25%), 22 (17.18%), 15 (11.8%), and 14 (10.93%) chemicals were classified as EEDs, AEDs, TEDs, and MOS, respectively. We also identified 43 (33.59%) chemicals as high-priority candidates for tier 2 tests, and 13 chemicals (10.15%) show enough potential to be considered EDCs without any further tier-based studies. Although our literature search was unable to identify the EATS targets of 45 chemicals (35%) studied in 60 (29.26%) of the 205 articles, our approach has sufficient potential to further move the laboratory-based research data on Japanese medaka for applications in regulatory risk assessments in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asok K. Dasmahapatra
- RCMI Center for Environmental Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States
| | - Charmonix B. Williams
- RCMI Center for Environmental Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Anitha Myla
- RCMI Center for Environmental Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Sanjay K. Tiwary
- RCMI Center for Environmental Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Paul. B. Tchounwou
- RCMI Center for Environmental Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States
- RCMI Center for Urban Health Disparities Research and Innovation, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Miranda LA, Somoza GM. Effects of Anthropic Pollutants Identified in Pampas Lakes on the Development and Reproduction of Pejerrey Fish Odontesthes bonariensis. Front Physiol 2022; 13:939986. [PMID: 35899023 PMCID: PMC9310068 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.939986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropic activities can seriously affect the health of the organisms inhabiting them, and the observation of any alteration in the reproduction of fish could be associated with the presence of endocrine disruptors. In this manuscript we have collected information on the adverse effects of pollutants (heavy metals, environmental steroids, and agrochemicals), present in Chascomús lake, Argentina, either at environmentally relevant and pharmacological concentrations on reproduction, embryonic development, and larval survival of pejerrey fish Odontesthes bonariensis. During development, it has been reported that 17β-estradiol (E2) feminized and reduced larval survival, while 17α-ethinyl-estradiol (EE2) not only feminized but also affected both embryo and larval survival. In adult male fish, treatments with EE2 and E2 + EE2 were able to increase mRNA abundance of gnrh3 and cyp19a1b and decreased those of gonadotropin receptors (fshr and lhcgr). Heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium, and copper negatively affected sperm quality, diminishing the motility. Also, a decrease in the percentage of hatching rate and larval survival was also observed with the same metals, highlighting zinc as the most detrimental metal. Furthermore, all these metals altered the expression of hypothalamic and pituitary genes related to reproduction in male pejerrey (gnrh1,2,3; cyp19a1b; fshb; lhb; fshr and, lhcgr). Moreover, in all cases pyknotic cells, corresponding to the degeneration of the germ cells, were observed in the testes of exposed fish. For agrochemicals, exposure of male pejerrey to environmental concentrations of glyphosate did not cause alterations on the endocrine reproductive axis. However, male pejerrey with gonadal abnormalities such as the presence of intersex (testis-ova) gonads were found in other Pampa´s lakes with high concentrations of atrazine and glyphosate associated with soybean and corn crops near their coasts. These types of studies demonstrate that pejerrey, an endemic species with economic importance inhabiting the Pampas shallow lakes, can be used as a sentinel species. It should be noted that increased pollution of aquatic ecosystems and the effects on the reproduction of organisms can lead to a decline in fish populations worldwide. Which, added to overfishing and other external factors such as global warming, could cause an eventual extinction of an emblematic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro A. Miranda
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET-UNSAM), Chascomús, Argentina
- Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías (UNSAM), San Martín, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Leandro A. Miranda,
| | - Gustavo M. Somoza
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET-UNSAM), Chascomús, Argentina
- Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías (UNSAM), San Martín, Argentina
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Alavi SMH, Barzegar-Fallah S, Rahdar P, Ahmadi MM, Yavari M, Hatef A, Golshan M, Linhart O. A Review on Environmental Contaminants-Related Fertility Threat in Male Fishes: Effects and Possible Mechanisms of Action Learned from Wildlife and Laboratory Studies. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2817. [PMID: 34679838 PMCID: PMC8532744 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing global rates of diminished fertility in males has been suggested to be associated with exposure to environmental contaminants (ECs). The aquatic environments are the final repository of ECs. As the reproductive system is conserved in vertebrates, studies on the effects of ECs on fertility endpoints in fishes provide us with valuable information to establish biomarkers in risk assessment of ECs, and to understand the ECs-related fertility threat. The aim of the present review was to evaluate associations between ECs and fertility determinants to better understand ECs-related male fertility threat in male fishes. Wildlife studies show that the reproductive system has been affected in fishes sampled from the polluted aquatic environment. The laboratory studies show the potency of ECs including natural and synthetic hormones, alkylphenols, bisphenols, plasticizers, pesticides, pharmaceutical, alkylating, and organotin agents to affect fertility determinants, resulting in diminished fertility at environmentally relevant concentrations. Both wildlife and laboratory studies reveal that ECs adverse effects on male fertility are associated with a decrease in sperm production, damage to sperm morphology, alternations in sperm genome, and decrease in sperm motility kinetics. The efficiency of ECs to affect sperm quality and male fertility highly depends on the concentration of the contaminants and the duration of exposure. Our review highlights that the number of contaminants examined over fertility tests are much lower than the number of contaminants detected in our environment. The ECs effects on fertility are largely unknown when fishes are exposed to the contaminants at early developmental stages. The review suggests the urgent need to examine ECs effects on male fertility when a fish is exposed at different developmental stages in a single or combination protocol. The ECs effects on the sperm genome are largely unknown to understand ECs-related inheritance of reproductive disorders transmitted to the progeny. To elucidate modes of action of ECs on sperm motility, it is needed to study functional morphology of the motility apparatus and to investigate ECs-disrupted motility signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyed Mohammad Hadi Alavi
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6655, Iran; (S.B.-F.); (P.R.); (M.M.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Sepideh Barzegar-Fallah
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6655, Iran; (S.B.-F.); (P.R.); (M.M.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Parastoo Rahdar
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6655, Iran; (S.B.-F.); (P.R.); (M.M.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Ahmadi
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6655, Iran; (S.B.-F.); (P.R.); (M.M.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mina Yavari
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran P.O. Box 14155-6655, Iran; (S.B.-F.); (P.R.); (M.M.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Azadeh Hatef
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada;
| | - Mahdi Golshan
- Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran P.O. Box 15745-133, Iran;
| | - Otomar Linhart
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic;
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Myosho T, Hattori M, Yamamoto J, Toda M, Okamura T, Onishi Y, Takehana Y, Kobayashi T. Effects of synthetic sex steroid hormone exposures on gonadal sex differentiation and dynamics of a male-related gene, Gonadal soma-derived factor (Gsdf) and an estrogen up-regulated gene, Choriogenine-H (ChgH) gene expression in the euryhaline Javafish medaka, Oryzias javanicus, based on genetic sexes. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129893. [PMID: 33979926 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To clarify the basal aspects of sexual development in Javafish medaka, Oryzias javanicus (ZZ/ZW), a model marine species for ecotoxicity testing, we examined the details of gonadal sex differentiation and exogenous sex hormone-dependent sex reversals using genetic sex-linked DNA markers. Sex differences in germ cell numbers were observed at 5 days post hatching (dph), in which there was a significant increase in the germ cells of ZW. In ZW, diplotene oocytes and the ovarian cavity appeared at approximately 10, and 30 dph, respectively. In ZZ, spermatogonial proliferation was observed at approximately 20 dph. A ZZ-dominant expression of Gonadal soma-derived factor (Gsdf) mRNA was detected before hatching. The exposure of embryos to 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2; 0.1, 1, 10 ng/mL) did not cause sex reversals in most cases. However, EE2 exposures led to significant Choriogenin-H (ChgH) mRNA expression, an estrogen up-regulated gene, in all fry; these exposures did not suppress Gsdf expression in ZZ fry. The exposure of embryos to 17α-methyltestosterone (MT; 0.1, 1, 10 ng/mL) caused sex reversals but only at low frequencies in ZW and ZZ fish. Although the 10 ng/mL MT exposure was accompanied by induction of significant Gsdf expression in ZW fry, induction of ChgH expression was also observed in several fry. Together, the present study indicates for the first time that male-dominant sexual dimorphic expression of Gsdf precedes the first morphological sex difference, i.e., the sex difference in germ cell number, and results strongly suggest that exogenous sex hormone-dependent sex reversal is not induced easily in O. javanicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taijun Myosho
- Laboratory of Molecular Reproductive Biology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan; Department of Environmental Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Minako Hattori
- Department of Environmental Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Jun Yamamoto
- Institute of Environmental Ecology, IDEA Consultants Inc., 1334-5, Riemon, Yaizu, Shizuoka, 421-0212, Japan
| | - Misa Toda
- Institute of Environmental Ecology, IDEA Consultants Inc., 1334-5, Riemon, Yaizu, Shizuoka, 421-0212, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Okamura
- Institute of Environmental Ecology, IDEA Consultants Inc., 1334-5, Riemon, Yaizu, Shizuoka, 421-0212, Japan
| | - Yuta Onishi
- Institute of Environmental Ecology, IDEA Consultants Inc., 1334-5, Riemon, Yaizu, Shizuoka, 421-0212, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takehana
- Department of Animal Bio-Science, Faculty of Bio-Science, Nagahama Institute of Bioscience and Technology, 1266 Tamura, Nagahama, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Tohru Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Reproductive Biology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan; Department of Environmental Life Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
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Sun D, Chen Q, Zhu B, Zhao H, Duan S. Multigenerational reproduction and developmental toxicity, and HPG axis gene expression study on environmentally-relevant concentrations of nonylphenol in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:144259. [PMID: 33387771 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) is a toxic xenobiotic compound, which is persistent in the aquatic environment and is extremely toxic to aquatic organisms. Although the exact molecular mechanisms of its toxic effect are well understood, the multigenerational reproduction and multigenerational - gene expression changes caused by NP still remain unclear. The following work investigated the effect of NP on four consecutive generations of zebrafish by examining their growth and several reproductive parameters, the degree of gonad damage, and the expression of related reproduction related genes. The results showed that high concentrations (20 and 200 μg·L-1) of NP could decrease growth and induce gonad damage in zebrafish. In addition, gnrh2 and gnrh3 genes were up-regulated, and fshβ and lhβ genes were downregulated in the hypothalamus in male zebrafish; while in female fish, the fshβ and lhβ were upregulated in P and F1 generations, and then down-regulated in the F2 generation. Meanwhile, the cyp19a1a gene was downregulated in the gonad of male fish, while the genes of fshr, lhr and esr showed a downward trend in females. Compared to P generation, F2 generation was more tolerant to higher NP concentrations (20 and 200 μg·L-1), as was also more sensitive to lower concentrations of NP (2 μg·L-1). Consequently, stress and damage caused by environmentally-relevant concentrations of aquatic pollutants in a vertebrate model were measured and predicted. Prevention and control measures can be actively and effectively proposed, which might be transversal to other exposed organisms, including humans. After several generations, typical transgenerational genetic phenomena might occur, which should be addressed by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, State Defense Key Laboratory of the Nuclear Waste and Environmental Security, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Shunshan Duan
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Gárriz Á, Miranda LA. Effects of metals on sperm quality, fertilization and hatching rates, and embryo and larval survival of pejerrey fish (Odontesthes bonariensis). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:1072-1082. [PMID: 32617729 PMCID: PMC7332474 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02245-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Some species of fish have been used as bioindicators of aquatic environmental pollution all over the world. Pejerrey (Odontesthes bonariensis) was selected for the current study due to its sensitivity to pollutants and because is one of the emblematic fish species that inhabits shallow lakes of the Pampa region (Argentina). Recently, in Chascomús lake were recorded concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn with values above the Argentine National Guidelines for the Protection of the Aquatic life. Regarding this, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of environmental concentrations of these metals on the sperm quality, fertilization and hatching rates, and embryo and larval survival of pejerrey. Also, the same endpoints were analyzed with concentrations ten times higher to simulate a polluted worst-case scenario. The results showed that the presence of some metals in aquatic environments reduced pejerrey sperm motility (in ~50%) and velocity (in ~30%). These results were obtained using a computer assisted sperm analyzer enforcing the application of this analysis as a tool or bioindicator of aquatic pollution. In addition, fertilization rate was diminished (in ~40%) for all treatments. Besides, the hatching rate, and embryo and larval survival were drastically affected being zero for the highest metal concentrations assessed. All together these results, showed that even lower metal concentrations can negatively affect different reproductive parameters of one of the most emblematic fish species of the Argentinean water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Gárriz
- Laboratorio de Ictiofisiología y Acuicultura, Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH; CONICET-UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino Km 8.200 (B7130IWA), Chascomus, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro A Miranda
- Laboratorio de Ictiofisiología y Acuicultura, Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH; CONICET-UNSAM), Avenida Intendente Marino Km 8.200 (B7130IWA), Chascomus, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Capolupo M, Díaz-Garduño B, Martín-Díaz ML. The impact of propranolol, 17α-ethinylestradiol, and gemfibrozil on early life stages of marine organisms: effects and risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:32196-32209. [PMID: 30220067 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals are ubiquitously detected in the marine environment at the ng-μg/L range. Given their biological activity, these compounds are known to induce detrimental effects on biota at relatively low exposure levels; however, whether they affect early life stages of marine species is still unclear. In this study, a set of bioassays was performed to assess the effects of propranolol (PROP), 17-α ethinylestradiol (EE2), and gemfibrozil (GEM) on gamete fertilization and embryonic development of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and sea urchins (Paracentrotus lividus), and on the survival of seabream (Sparus aurata) larvae. Treatments of PROP (500, 5000, 50,000 ng/L), EE2 (5, 50, 500 ng/L), and GEM (50, 500, 5000 ng/L) were selected to encompass levels comparable or superior to environmental concentrations. Obtained data were tested for dose-response curve fitting and the lowest EC10/LC10 used to calculate risk quotients (RQs) based on the MEC/PNEC. No alteration was induced by PROP on the mussel gamete fertilization, while inhibitory effects were observed at environmental levels of EE2 (500 ng/L) and GEM (5000 ng/L). Fertilization was significantly reduced in sea urchin at all PROP and EE2 dosages. The 48-h exposure to all pharmaceuticals induced the onset of morphological abnormalities in either mussel or sea urchin embryos. Alterations were generally observed at environmentally relevant dosages, except for PROP in mussels, in which alterations occurred only at 50,000 ng/L. A decreased survival of seabream larvae was recorded after 96-h exposure to PROP (all treatments), EE2 (50-500 ng/L), and GEM (500 ng/L). A median RQ > 1 was obtained for all pharmaceuticals, assigning a high risk to their occurrence in marine environments. Overall, results showed that current levels of contamination by pharmaceuticals can impact early stages of marine species, which represent critical junctures in the resilience of coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Capolupo
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, P.zza di P.ta S. Donato 1, 40100, Bologna, Italy.
- Inter-Departmental Research Centre for Environmental Science (CIRSA), University of Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy.
| | - Beatriz Díaz-Garduño
- Physical Chemical Department, Institute of Marine Research (INMAR), International Campus of Excellence of the Sea (CEIMAR), Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Maria Laura Martín-Díaz
- Physical Chemical Department, Institute of Marine Research (INMAR), International Campus of Excellence of the Sea (CEIMAR), Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
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Rearick DC, Ward J, Venturelli P, Schoenfuss H. Environmental oestrogens cause predation-induced population decline in a freshwater fish. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:181065. [PMID: 30473849 PMCID: PMC6227994 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Understanding population-level effects of environmental stressors on aquatic biota requires knowledge of the direct adverse effects of pollutants on individuals and species interactions that relate to survival and reproduction. Here, we connect behavioural assays with survival trials and a modelling approach to quantify changes in antipredator escape performance of a larval freshwater fish following exposure to an environmental oestrogen, and predict changes in population abundance. We quantified the effects of short-term (21 days) exposure to 17β-oestradiol (E2) on the antipredator escape performance of larval fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and the probability of predation by a natural predator, the bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus). Compared with unexposed minnows, minnows exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of E2 that approach total oestrogenic activity of wastewater-dominated environments (38 and 103 ng l-1) had delayed response times and slower escape speeds, and were more susceptible to predation. Incorporating these data into a stage-structured population model demonstrated that enhanced predation mortality at the larval stage can result in population declines. These results indicate that subtle, sub-lethal shifts in the behaviour of individuals due to human-mediated environmental change can impact species interactions with measurable population-level effects. Such changes have the potential to alter higher-order trophic interactions and disrupt aquatic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C. Rearick
- Department of Biology, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, USA
| | - Jessica Ward
- Department of Biology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Paul Venturelli
- Department of Biology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Heiko Schoenfuss
- Department of Biology, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, USA
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Lee DH, Jo YJ, Eom HJ, Yum S, Rhee JS. Nonylphenol induces mortality and reduces hatching rate through increase of oxidative stress and dysfunction of antioxidant defense system in marine medaka embryo. Mol Cell Toxicol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-018-0048-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Frankel T, Yonkos L, Ampy F, Frankel J. Exposure to levonorgestrel increases nest acquisition success and decreases sperm motility in the male fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2018; 37:1131-1137. [PMID: 29215767 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Progestins are utilized as a component of human contraceptives, and commonly enter the environment via wastewater treatment plant effluent. Certain progestins activate fish androgen receptors and cause decreases in fecundity and masculinization of females. We used a nest acquisition assay and computer-assisted sperm analysis to examine the effects of levonorgestrel on male fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) reproductive fitness. Males were exposed to 0, 10, or 100 ng/L levonorgestrel for 14 d. Combinations of a control male and a male from one of the treatments were placed into a competitive nesting assay, and the time each male spent holding the nest and time spent exhibiting aggressive behaviors were analyzed at 48 h postexposure. Semen samples were analyzed for total motility, straight-line velocity, curvilinear velocity, average path velocity, linearity, beat cross frequency, and wobble at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 s postactivation. Males exposed to either 10 or 100 ng/L of levonorgestrel exhibited increased nest acquisition success and lower levels of aggression compared with control-control pairings, as well as decreases in multiple sperm motion characteristics. Our results suggest that further research is required to ascertain the effects of levonorgestrel on male gamete quality and reproductive behaviors. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1131-1137. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Frankel
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lance Yonkos
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Franklin Ampy
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jack Frankel
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
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12
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Gárriz Á, Del Fresno PS, Miranda LA. Exposure to E 2 and EE 2 environmental concentrations affect different components of the Brain-Pituitary-Gonadal axis in pejerrey fish (Odontesthes bonariensis). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 144:45-53. [PMID: 28601516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study focuses on the effects of E2 and EE2 environmental concentrations on different components of the reproductive axis of pejerrey (Odontesthes bonariensis), a native fish species from Pampas lakes of Argentina. The results obtained demonstrated that E2 and EE2 separate or mixed, could disrupt key pathways of the pejerrey Brain-Pituitary-Gonadal axis. First, it was observed that at the brain level, gnrh-III and cyp19a1b mRNA expression increased significantly in the exposed fish. Secondly, in the pituitary fshb and lhb mRNA expression levels, the study did not show any differences between treated and control groups. Thirdly, fshr and lhcgr transcript levels showed a significant decrease at testicular level. Nevertheless, testosterone plasmatic levels remained unchanged in exposed fish. In addition, in a histological analysis, it was possible to find pyknotic nuclei in estrogen only on treated fish testis linked to a reduction in the GSI index and a decrease in the length of spermatogenic lobules. All these findings highlighted the fact that environmental concentrations of E2, EE2 and their mixture disrupted the endocrine-reproductive axis of pejerrey, being the testis the main direct target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Gárriz
- Laboratorio de Ictiofisiología y Acuicultura, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín", IIB-INTECH (CONICET-UNSAM), Intendente Marino Km. 8.200 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pamela S Del Fresno
- Laboratorio de Ictiofisiología y Acuicultura, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín", IIB-INTECH (CONICET-UNSAM), Intendente Marino Km. 8.200 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro A Miranda
- Laboratorio de Ictiofisiología y Acuicultura, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín", IIB-INTECH (CONICET-UNSAM), Intendente Marino Km. 8.200 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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13
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Kowalska A, Siwicki AK, Kowalski RK. Dietary resveratrol improves immunity but reduces reproduction of broodstock medaka Oryzias latipes (Temminck & Schlegel). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 43:27-37. [PMID: 27431678 PMCID: PMC5306266 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0265-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Here, we investigated the effect of dietary resveratrol (20, 40, and 80 µg/g BW/day) on cell-mediated immunity (activity of spleen phagocytes and proliferative response of lymphocytes) and reproductive parameters (egg and sperm quality, i.e. fecundity-total number of eggs produced by individual fish, fertility, embryo survival, and hatching rate) in medaka. Fish fed feed with resveratrol at 40 and 80 µg/g BW/day had significantly higher metabolic activity and intracellular phagocyte killing activity than control. The proliferative lymphocyte activity of the fish from R80 group was greater by more than 20 % in comparison with the control group (P < 0.05). The percentage of macrophages (MO) and their mean fluorescence intensities (MFI) in R40 and R80 groups were significantly higher compared to C and R20 groups (P < 0.05). The differences in MO and MFI values ranged from 52.5 % (±1.5; R0 group) to 65.8 % (±1.6; R80 group) and from 23.2 (±1.4; R0 group) to 38.2 (±2.4; R80 group), respectively. Moreover, resveratrol at 80 µg/g BW/day decreased liver COX activity, i.e. 5.4 in R80 group and 7.9 in R0 group (P < 0.05). The motility parameters of the sperm obtained from the males fed feed supplemented with resveratrol at 80 µg/g BW/day exhibited the highest values except the linearity, which was lower as compared to the control (P < 0.05). The results indicate that diet supplemented with resveratrol at a dosage of 40 µg/g BW/day improves phagocyte killing ability and lymphocyte proliferation in broodstock and accelerates offspring hatch. Also, the results suggest that COX activity influences sperm and oocyte quality in fish; the presence of a COX inhibitor in the dose of 40 µg/g BW/day decreased the embryo survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Kowalska
- Department of Aquaculture, The Stanisław Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Oczapowskiego 10, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Andrzej K Siwicki
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Radosław K Kowalski
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland.
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14
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Mcnair A, Lokman PM, Closs GP, Nakagawa S. ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SEX REVERSAL OF FISH. QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY 2015; 90:23-44. [PMID: 26434164 DOI: 10.1086/679762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Environmental sex reversal (ESR), which results in a mismatch between genotypic and phenotypic sex, is well documented in numerous fish species and may be induced by chemical exposure. Historically, research involving piscine ESR has been carried out with a view to improving profitability in aquaculture or to elucidate the processes governing sex determination and sexual differentiation. However, recent studies in evolution and ecology suggest research on ESR now has much wider applications and ramifications. We begin with an overview of ESR in fish and a brief review of the traditional applications thereof. We then discuss ESR and its potential demographic consequences in wild populations. Theory even suggests sex-reversed fish may be purposefully released to manipulate population dynamics. We suggest new research directions that may prove fruitful in understanding how ESR at the individual level translates to population-level processes. In the latter portion of the review we focus on evolutionary applications of ESR. Sex-reversal studies from the aquaculture literature provide insight in to the evolvability of determinants of sexual phenotype. Additionally, induced sex reversal can provide information about the evolution of sex chromosomes and sex-linked traits. Recently, naturally occurring ESR has been implicated as a mechanism contributing to the evolution of sex chromosomes.
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15
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Gárriz Á, Menéndez-Helman RJ, Miranda LA. Effects of estradiol and ethinylestradiol on sperm quality, fertilization, and embryo-larval survival of pejerrey fish (Odontesthes bonariensis). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 167:191-199. [PMID: 26342667 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
17β-Estradiol (E2) and synthetic 17α-Ethinylestradiol (EE2) are estrogenic compounds present in surface waters as a consequence of municipal sewage discharges. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of E2, EE2 and its mixtures on different reproductive parameters and embryo-larval survival in pejerrey fish (Odontesthes bonariensis). In order to analyze the effect of these compounds on sperm quality, fertilization%, embryo-larval survival (%), and the point of no return (PNR), different assays were performed using concentrations 175, 350, 700 and 1400 ng/L of E2; 22.5, 45, 90 and 180 ng/L of EE2 and mixtures M1 (175 E2+22.5 EE2, ng/L), M2 (350 E2+45 EE2, ng/L), M3 (700 E2+90 EE2, ng/L) and M4 (1400 E2+180 EE2 ng/L). No significant differences in motility parameters were observed between E2 and EE2 treatments and the control group. However, a significant decrease in motility% was recorded for all mixtures tested compared with the control samples. For fertilization%, only sperm activated with M4 showed a significant decrease compared with the control group. In the case of embryo survival, there was only a significant decrease in the highest concentration of EE2 compared with the control group. For the mixtures, M3 is the one that had the most adverse effect on embryo survival. In larval survival, there was a significant decrease in concentration 175 and 700 ng/L of E2 compared with the control group. In EE2 treatments, the ones with a significant reduction in larval survival were concentration 45 and 90 ng/L. And for the mixture treatments, M1, M3 and M4 had a significantly lower larval survival than the control group. In comparison to other treatments, M1 demonstrated a significant difference in PNR when compared with the control group. The results obtained demonstrated that the exposure to mixtures of E2 and EE2 affected fish sperm motility, fertilization% and, embryo and larval survival even at relevant environmental concentrations highlighting the necessity of considering the effects of pollutants mixtures in ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Gárriz
- Laboratorio de Ictiofisiología y Acuicultura, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, IIB-INTECH (CONICET-UNSAM), Intendente Marino Km. 8.200 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Renata J Menéndez-Helman
- Laboratorio de Ictiofisiología y Acuicultura, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, IIB-INTECH (CONICET-UNSAM), Intendente Marino Km. 8.200 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Enzimología, Estrés y Metabolismo - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEyN, UBA-CONICET), Argentina
| | - Leandro A Miranda
- Laboratorio de Ictiofisiología y Acuicultura, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, IIB-INTECH (CONICET-UNSAM), Intendente Marino Km. 8.200 (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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16
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Oropesa AL, Martín-Hidalgo D, Fallola C, Gil MC. Effects of exposure to 17-alpha-ethynylestradiol on sperm quality of tench (Tinca tinca). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 120:318-325. [PMID: 26099462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Alterations of sperm quality were studied in tench (Tinca tinca) exposed to sub-lethal doses of 17-alpha-ethynylestradiol-EE2-(50, 100 and 500μg/kg t.w) under semi-static conditions for 30 days. Thus, different biomarkers of sperm quality were assessed: concentration and volume of ejaculate, total number of spermatozoa, percentage of motile spermatozoa, sperm motility and percentage of live and dead spermatozoa. Sperm motility was examined by computer-assisted image analysis and the viability of spermatozoa was assessed through flow cytometry. The most relevant alterations observed were significant reductions in the reproductive parameters such as testicular somatic index, spermatozoa concentration, straight line velocity, curvilinear velocity, average path velocity and wobble in tench exposed to 50μg/kg t.w of EE2. Our study about the effects of EE2 on the sperm quality in tench provides new evidences which strengthen the fact that this synthetic estrogen is included in the list of non-monotonic dose response compounds in animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Oropesa
- Toxicology Area, Animal Health Department, Sciences Faculty, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - D Martín-Hidalgo
- Animal Medicine Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
| | - C Fallola
- Aquaculture Center, Dirección General de Medio Natural, Junta de Extremadura, Villafranco del Guadiana, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - M C Gil
- Animal Medicine Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
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17
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Overturf MD, Anderson JC, Pandelides Z, Beyger L, Holdway DA. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products: A critical review of the impacts on fish reproduction. Crit Rev Toxicol 2015; 45:469-91. [PMID: 25945515 DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2015.1038499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Research in environmental toxicology involving pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) has increased greatly over the last 10-15 years. Much research has been focused on the endocrine-disrupting potential of PPCPs, as they relate to negative population impacts of aquatic organisms. This review assesses the current data on the reported effects of PPCPs on fish reproduction with an emphasis on fecundity, a predictor of population effects. Studies of both individual PPCPs and PPCP mixtures are presented. As the majority of individual PPCP studies reviewed demonstrate negative effects on fish fecundity, we relate these findings to detected surface water concentrations of these compounds. Very few studies involving PPCP mixtures have been conducted; however, the need for these types of studies is warranted as fish are most likely exposed to mixtures of PPCPs in the wild. In addition, laboratory and field assessments of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents, a major source of PPCPs, are reviewed. Much of the data provided from these assessments are variable and do not generally demonstrate negative impacts on reproduction, or the studies are unable to directly associate observed effects with WWTP effluents. Finally, future research considerations are outlined to provide an avenue into understanding how wild populations of fish are affected by PPCPs. These considerations are aimed at determining the adaptation potential of fish exposed to mixtures of PPCPs over multiple generations. As global use of PPCPs continually rises, the need to discern the effects of chronic exposure to PPCPs is greatly increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Overturf
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology , Oshawa, ON , Canada
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18
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Prado PS, Pinheiro APB, Bazzoli N, Rizzo E. Reproductive biomarkers responses induced by xenoestrogens in the characid fish Astyanax fasciatus inhabiting a South American reservoir: an integrated field and laboratory approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 131:165-73. [PMID: 24721135 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Field studies evaluating the effects of endocrine disruption chemicals (EDCs) on the fish reproduction are scarce worldwide. The goal of this study was to assess hepatic levels of vitellogenin (Vtg), zona radiata proteins (Zrp) and insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II), and relating them to reproductive endpoints in a wild fish population habiting a reservoir that receive domestic sewage, agricultural and industrial residues. Adult fish Astyanax fasciatus were sampled during the reproductive season in five sites from the Furnas Reservoir, Grande River, and Paraguay-Paraná basin. As a control to field data, fish were experimentally exposed via dietary intake, to oestradiol benzoate (OB) for 7 days. Fish from site with little anthropogenic interference showed hepatic levels of Vtg, Zrp and IGF-I and IGF-II similar to those from the non-treated experimental group. In sites located immediately downstream from the municipal wastewater discharges, the water total oestrogen was >120 ng/l, and male fish displayed increased Vtg and Zrp and decreased IGF-I levels similar to OB treated fish. In females, levels of Vtg, Zrp, IGF-I and IGF-II suggest an impairment of final oocyte maturation and spawning, as also detected by frequency of over-ripening, follicular atresia and fecundity. At the sites that receive agricultural and industrial residues, the water total oestrogen was <50 ng/l and females showed decreased Zrp and increased IGF-II levels associated to reduced diameter of vitellogenic follicles, indicating an inhibition of oocyte growth. Overall, the current study reports oestrogenic contamination impairing the reproduction of a wild fish from a hydroeletric reservoir and, the data contribute to improving the current knowledge on relationship between hepatic Vtg, Zrp and IGF-I and IGF-II, and reproductive endpoints in a teleost fish. In addition, our data point out novel reproductive biomarkers (IGF-I, IGF-II and over-ripening) to assessing xenoestrogenic contamination in freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula S Prado
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P. 486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Ana Paula B Pinheiro
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P. 486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Nilo Bazzoli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte 30535-610, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Elizete Rizzo
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, C.P. 486, 30161-970, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
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19
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Montgomery TM, Brown AC, Gendelman HK, Ota M, Clotfelter ED. Exposure to 17α-ethinylestradiol decreases motility and ATP in sperm of male fighting fish Betta splendens. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:243-252. [PMID: 22223459 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The synthetic estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical released into aquatic environments from sewage treatment facilities. We tested the effects of two environmentally relevant concentrations of waterborne EE2, 10 and 100 ng L(-1) , on reproductive endpoints in the teleost fish Betta splendens. In the first experiment, testes were removed from males and sperm were exposed to EE2 directly through the activation water. Direct exposure to EE2 had no effect on any measure of sperm swimming performance. In the second experiment, we exposed sexually mature male B. splendens to EE2 using a semi-static exposure protocol for 4 weeks. There were no significant treatment effects in the 10 ng L(-1) treatment group, but at the 100 ng L(-1) dose we found that fish had smaller gonads and reduced sperm swimming velocity. When allowed to interact freely with female conspecifics, males exposed to 100 ng L(-1) EE2 built smaller nests and showed a nonsignificant decrease in fertilization success. To investigate further the potential mechanism underlying the decrease in sperm quality, we repeated the chronic exposure experiment and analyzed the ATP content of sperm from fish in each treatment group. We found that males exposed to 100 ng L(-1) of EE2 had fewer moles of ATP per sperm than did fish in the other two treatment groups, suggesting that a decrease in intracellular ATP caused a reduction in sperm swimming velocity. The current study adds to the growing body of literature that indicates the risks to aquatic organisms of exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of EE2.
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20
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Schiller V, Wichmann A, Kriehuber R, Schäfers C, Fischer R, Fenske M. Transcriptome alterations in zebrafish embryos after exposure to environmental estrogens and anti-androgens can reveal endocrine disruption. Reprod Toxicol 2013; 42:210-23. [PMID: 24051129 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental chemicals known as endocrine disruptors (EDs) is in many cases associated with an unpredictable hazard for wildlife and human health. The identification of endocrine disruptive properties of chemicals certain to enter the aquatic environment relies on toxicity tests with fish, assessing adverse effects on reproduction and sexual development. The demand for quick, reliable ED assays favored the use of fish embryos as alternative test organisms. We investigated the application of a transcriptomics-based assay for estrogenic and anti-androgenic chemicals with zebrafish embryos. Two reference compounds, 17α-ethinylestradiol and flutamide, were tested to evaluate the effects on development and the transcriptome after 48h-exposures. Comparison of the transcriptome response with other estrogenic and anti-androgenic compounds (genistein, bisphenol A, methylparaben, linuron, prochloraz, propanil) showed commonalities and differences in regulated pathways, enabling us to classify the estrogenic and anti-androgenic potencies. This demonstrates that different mechanism of ED can be assessed already in fish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Schiller
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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21
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Velasco-Santamaría YM, Bjerregaard P, Korsgaard B. Evidence of small modulation of ethinylestradiol induced effects by concurrent exposure to trenbolone in male eelpout Zoarces viviparus. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2013; 178:189-196. [PMID: 23583938 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of xenobiotics is common in aquatic ecosystems; therefore, we wanted to evaluate if trenbolone (TB) modulates the effects of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2). Male eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) were exposed to 5 ng L(-1) EE2 continuously for 19 d (EE2-C) or discontinuously (11 d, EE2-D) alone or in combination with low (50 ng L(-1), TBL) or high (500 ng L(-1), TBH) concentrations of TB (19 d). Exposure to EE2 caused reduced gonadosomatic index, increased plasma vitellogenin concentrations, up-regulated vtg and era mRNA expression and severe alterations in gonadal histology. TBL and TBH did not affect plasma vitellogenin, era or vtg mRNA expression. TBL and TBH did not counteract the EE2-induced increase in plasma vitellogenin and reduction in 11-ketotestosterone whereas TBH counteracted the EE2 induced increase in vtg and era mRNA expression. Exposure to TBH and EE2-C + TBH lead to severe gonadal histology alterations. TBL and EE2-D + TBH exposed fish showed less histopathological alterations.
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22
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Anchoring ethinylestradiol induced gene expression changes with testicular morphology and reproductive function in the medaka. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52479. [PMID: 23300682 PMCID: PMC3530452 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental estrogens are ubiquitous in the environment and can cause detrimental effects on male reproduction. In fish, a multitude of effects from environmental estrogens have been observed including altered courting behavior and fertility, sex reversal, and gonadal histopathology. However, few studies in fish assess the impacts of estrogenic exposure on a physiological endpoint, such as reproduction, as well as the associated morphologic response and underlying global gene expression changes. This study assessed the implications of a 14 day sub-chronic exposure of ethinylestradiol (EE2; 1.0 or 10.0 µg/L EE2) on male medaka fertility, testicular histology and testicular gene expression. The findings demonstrate that a 14 day exposure to EE2 induced impaired male reproductive capacity and time- and dose-dependent alterations in testicular morphology and gene expression. The average fertilization rate/day following the exposure for control, 1.0 and 10.0 µg/L EE2 was 91.3% (±4.4), 62.8% (±8.3) and 28.8% (±5.8), respectively. The testicular morphologic alterations included increased germ cell apoptosis, decreased germinal epithelium and thickening of the interstitium. These changes were highly associated with testicular gene expression changes using a medaka-specific microarray. A pathway analysis of the differentially expressed genes emphasized genes and pathways associated with apoptosis, cell cycle and proliferation, collagen production/extracellular matrix organization, hormone signaling, male reproduction and protein ubiquitination among others. These findings highlight the importance of anchoring global gonadal gene expression changes with morphology and ultimately with tissue/organ function.
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23
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Cabas I, Liarte S, García-Alcázar A, Meseguer J, Mulero V, García-Ayala A. 17α-Ethynylestradiol alters the immune response of the teleost gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) both in vivo and in vitro. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 36:547-56. [PMID: 22020196 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2011.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing public attention concerning the effect of endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs) on the immune system. One important group belonging to EDCs are the environmental estrogens. Commonly found in the effluents in wastewater treatment plants, 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE(2)) which is used in contraceptive pills, is an endocrine disruptor with strong estrogenic effects. This study aims to investigate the capacity of EE(2) to modulate in vivo and in vitro the innate immune response of the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.), a teleost species of great commercial value. For this purpose, adult specimens were bath-exposed to EE(2) (0, 5 and 50 ng/L) and then immunized with hemocyanin in the presence of the adjuvant aluminum. The results indicate that, after 15 days of EE(2)-exposure, the disruptor was able to inhibit in a dose-dependent manner the induction of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) gene expression, but did not significantly alter the specific antibody titer. To shed light on the role played by EE(2) into seabream immune response, leukocytes were exposed in vitro to several concentrations of EE(2) (0, 0.5, 5, 50 and 500 ng/ml) for 3, 16 and 48 h and the production of reactive oxygen intermediates, the phagocytic activity and the gene expression profile of these cells were analyzed. EE(2) was seen to inhibit both cellular activities and to alter the immune gene expression profile in primary macrophages. Thus, low concentrations of EE(2) increase the mRNA levels of IL-1 β, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor α and tumour growth factor β in non-activated macrophages. In contrast, EE(2) treatment of activated macrophages resulted in the decreased expression of pro-inflammatory genes and the increased expression of genes encoding anti-inflammatory and tissue remodeling/repair enzymes. Taken together, our results suggest that EE(2) might alter the capacity of fish to appropriately respond to infection although it does not behave as an immunosuppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Cabas
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Dietary intake of 17α-ethinylestradiol promotes leukocytes infiltration in the gonad of the hermaphrodite gilthead seabream. Mol Immunol 2011; 48:2079-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Liarte S, Cabas I, Chaves-Pozo E, Arizcun M, Meseguer J, Mulero V, García-Ayala A. Natural and synthetic estrogens modulate the inflammatory response in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) through the activation of endothelial cells. Mol Immunol 2011; 48:1917-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2011.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Sárria MP, Santos MM, Reis-Henriques MA, Vieira NM, Monteiro NM. Drifting towards the surface: a shift in newborn pipefish's vertical distribution when exposed to the synthetic steroid ethinylestradiol. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:618-624. [PMID: 21504837 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) effects during early life have the potential to modulate population structure, either directly through increased mortality or by causing inappropriate aggregation events, thus affecting the number of young that will reach adulthood. An alteration in the dispersal and recruitment patterns can also impair the connectivity among geographically distant populations. However, the detection of EDC-induced effects occurring after egg hatch, when newborns increase their chances of contacting with environmentally dispersed contaminants, is not a simple process as effects might be masked by the large natural mortality rates that usually occur during fish early life. Since there is a lack of information regarding the impact of EDCs on fish early life dispersal patterns, particularly on vertical migrations patterns, the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of EE(2) on the vertical distribution of newborn fish was assessed through an ex situ exposure experiment. Syngnathus abaster newborns were exposed to EE(2) (nominal concentrations of 8, 12 and 36 ng L(-1)) and the dynamics of their vertical distribution was monitored for up to 40 d. No significant differences in overall mortality were observed between treatments or in the dynamics of the registered death curves. Nevertheless, an alteration in the distribution patterns was observed. The commonly benthic newborn tended to shift their vertical distribution towards the surface, in a dose-dependent manner. Curiously, a follow up of the exposed pipefish confirmed that EE(2) effects were also noticeable upon sexual maturity, namely by the alteration of several primary and secondary sexual characters. The observation that vertical distributional patterns, at least in pipefish, are clearly altered at environmentally relevant EE(2) concentrations indicates that EDC's impact in fish larvae behaviour should be considered when addressing the effects of contaminants, given the obvious implications on population connectivity, stability and persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Sárria
- CIMAR/CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Partridge C, Boettcher A, Jones AG. Short-term exposure to a synthetic estrogen disrupts mating dynamics in a pipefish. Horm Behav 2010; 58:800-7. [PMID: 20708009 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sexual selection is responsible for the evolution of some of the most elaborate traits occurring in nature, many of which play a vital role in competition over access to mates and individual reproductive fitness. Because expression of these traits is typically regulated by sex-steroids there is a significant potential for their expression to be affected by the presence of certain pollutants, such as endocrine disrupting compounds. Endocrine disruptors have been shown to alter primary sexual traits and impact reproduction, but few studies have investigated how these compounds affect secondary sexual trait expression and how that may, in turn, impact mating dynamics. In this study we examine how short-term exposure to a synthetic estrogen impacts secondary sexual trait expression and mating dynamics in the Gulf pipefish, a species displaying sex-role reversal. Our results show that only 10days of exposure to 17α-ethinylestradiol results in adult male pipefish developing female-like secondary sexual traits. While these males are capable of reproduction, females discriminate against exposed males in mate choice trials. In natural populations, this type of discrimination would reduce male mating opportunities, thus potentially reducing their long-term reproductive success. Importantly, the effects of these compounds on mating dynamics and mating opportunity would not be observed using the current standard methods of assessing environmental contamination. However, disrupting these processes could have profound effects on the viability of exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlyn Partridge
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M Univ., 3258 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Haldén AN, Nyholm JR, Andersson PL, Holbech H, Norrgren L. Oral exposure of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) to 2,4,6-tribromophenol affects reproduction. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2010; 100:30-7. [PMID: 20719397 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The bromophenol 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP) is widely used as an industrial chemical, formed by degradation of tetrabromobisphenol-A, and it occurs naturally in marine organisms. Concentrations of TBP in fish have been related to intake via feed, but little is known about effects on fish health after oral exposure. In this study, we exposed adult male and female zebrafish (Danio rerio) to TBP via feed in nominal concentrations of 33, 330, and 3300 μg/g feed (or control feed) for 6 weeks to assess the effects of TBP on reproductive output, gonad morphology, circulatory vitellogenin levels, and early embryo development. The aim was also to investigate the extent to which TBP was metabolised to 2,4,6-tribromoanisole (TBA) in dietary exposed zebrafish, and the amounts of TBP and TBA found in offspring. After 6 weeks of exposure, we found about 3% of the daily dose of TBP in adult fish and the mean concentration of TBA was 25-30% of the TBP concentration. TBP and TBA were detected in offspring with wet weight-based egg/fish concentration ratios well below one. Exposure to TBP significantly reduced the fertilization success and disturbed the gonad morphology, i.e. fewer spermatid cysts in males and increased presence of atretic follicles and oocytes with decreased vitellogenesis in females. In females, the disturbed gonad morphology was accompanied by increased levels of circulating vitellogenin. Significant effects were observed at 3300 μg/g feed. Offspring early development was not significantly affected, but yolk-sac oedema tended to increase in frequency in exposed groups with time. Our results show that dietary exposure to TBP, at concentrations found in marine organisms that are part of the natural diet of wild fish, can interfere with reproduction in zebrafish. We also observed low accumulation from feed of TBP in zebrafish and biotransformation of TBP to TBA. This is the first paper showing gonadal histopathological changes and effects on fertility in TBP exposed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Norman Haldén
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7028, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Effects of 17β-trenbolone in male eelpout Zoarces viviparus exposed to ethinylestradiol. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 396:631-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3262-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Revised: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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