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Rilievo G, Cencini A, Cecconello A, Currò S, Bortoletti M, Leszczyńska K, Górska S, Fasolato L, Tonolo F, de Almeida Roger J, Vianello F, Magro M. Interactions between prokaryotic polysaccharides and colloidal magnetic nanoparticles for bacteria removal: A strategy for circumventing antibiotic resistance. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133415. [PMID: 38925181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Highly stable, colloidal iron oxide nanoparticles with an oxyhydroxide-like surface were used as bacteria-capturing nano-baits. Peptidoglycan isolated from Listeria spp was used as bacteria polysaccharide model, and the nanoparticle binding was characterized showing a Langmuir isotherm constant, KL, equal to 50 ± 3 mL mg-1. The chemical affinity was further supported by dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and infrared and UV-Vis data, pointing at the occurrence of extended, coordinative multiple point bindings. The interaction with Gram (+) (Listeria spp) and Gram (-) (Aeromonas veronii) bacteria was shown to be effective and devoid of any toxic effect. Moreover, a real sample, containing a population of several oligotrophic bacteria strains, was incubated with 1 g L-1 of nanoparticle suspension, in the absence of agitation, showing a 100 % capture efficiency, according to plate count. A nanoparticle regeneration method was developed, despite the known irreversibility of such bacterial-nanosurface binding, restoring the bacteria capture capability. This nanomaterial represents a competitive option to eliminate microbiological contamination in water as an alternative strategy to antibiotics, aimed at reducing microbial resistance dissemination. Finally, beyond their excellent features in terms of colloidal stability, binding performances, and biocompatibility this nanoparticle synthesis is cost effective, scalable, and environmentally sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziano Rilievo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Aura Cencini
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cecconello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Italy.
| | - Sarah Currò
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Martina Bortoletti
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Leszczyńska
- Microbiome Immunobiology Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | - Sabina Górska
- Microbiome Immunobiology Laboratory, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | - Luca Fasolato
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Tonolo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Vianello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Magro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Italy.
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2
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Jorquera MA, Acuña JJ, Huerta N, Bai J, Zhang L, Xiao R, Sadowsky MJ. Multiple antibiotic resistance and herbicide catabolic profiles of bacteria isolated from Lake Villarrica surface sediments (Chile). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 358:124538. [PMID: 39002747 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics and herbicides are contaminants of emerging concern in aquatic environments. Lake Villarrica is a relevant freshwater body in Chile and was recently designated a 'saturated nutrient zone'. Here, we investigated the occurrence of multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) and herbicide catabolic profiles among bacteria present in the surface sediments of Lake Villarrica. The occurrence of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs; blaTEM, catA and tetM) and herbicide-catabolic genes (HCGs; phnJ and atzA) was investigated by qPCR. Subsequently, the presence of culturable bacteria with multiple resistance to amoxicillin (AMX), chloramphenicol (CHL) and oxytetracycline (OXT) was studied. Forty-six culturable MAR (AMX + CHL + OXT) strains were isolated and characterized with respect to their resistance to 11 antibiotics by using a disc diffusion assay and testing their ability to use herbicides as a nutrient source. qPCR analyses revealed that ARGs and HCGs were present in all sediment samples (101 to 103 gene copies g-1), with significant (P ≤ 0.05) higher values in sites near Villarrica city and cattle pastures. The plate method was used to recover MAR isolates from sediment (103-106 CFU g-1), and most of the 46 isolates also showed resistance to oxacillin (100%), cefotaxime (83%), erythromycin (96%) and vancomycin (93%). Additionally, 54 and 57% of the MAR isolates were able to grow on agar supplemented (50 mg L-1) with atrazine and glyphosate as nutrient sources, respectively. Most of the MAR isolates were taxonomically close to Pseudomonas (76.1%) and Pantoea (17.4%), particularly those isolated from urbanized sites (Pucón city). This study shows the presence of MAR bacteria with herbicide catabolic activity in sediments, which is valuable for conservation strategies and risk assessments of Lake Villarrica. However, major integrative studies on sediments as reservoirs or on the fate of MAR strains and traces of antibiotics and herbicides as a result of anthropic pressure are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milko A Jorquera
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar, 01145, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Jacquelinne J Acuña
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar, 01145, Temuco, Chile; Millennium Institute Center for Genome Regulation (MI-CGR), Valenzuela Puelma 10207, La Reina, 7800003, Chile
| | - Nicole Huerta
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Junhong Bai
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19, Xinjiekouwaida Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19, Xinjiekouwaida Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- College of Environment & Safety Engineering, FuZhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Michael J Sadowsky
- College of Agriculture, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA
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3
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Gattinger D, Schlenz V, Weil T, Sattler B. From remote to urbanized: Dispersal of antibiotic-resistant bacteria under the aspect of anthropogenic influence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171532. [PMID: 38458439 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a growing global concern, but our understanding of the spread of resistant bacteria in remote regions remains limited. While some level of intrinsic resistance likely contributes to reduced susceptibility to antimicrobials in the environment, it is evident that human actions, particularly the (mis)use of antibiotics, play a significant role in shaping the environmental resistome, even in seemingly distant habitats like glacier ice sheets. Our research aims to bridge this knowledge gap by investigating the direct influence of human activities on the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in various habitats. To achieve a comprehensive assessment of anthropogenic impact across diverse and seemingly isolated sampling sites, we developed an innovative approach utilizing Corine Land Cover data and heatmaps generated from sports activity trackers. This method allowed us to make meaningful comparisons across relatively pristine environments. Our findings indicate a noteworthy increase in culturable antibiotic-resistant bacteria with heightened human influence, as evidenced by our analysis of glacier, snow, and lake water samples. Notably, the most significant concentrations of antibiotic-resistant and multidrug-resistant microorganisms were discovered in two highly impacted sampling locations, namely the Tux Glacier and Gas Station Ellmau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gattinger
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Valentin Schlenz
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tobias Weil
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, All'adige, Italy
| | - Birgit Sattler
- Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Austrian Polar Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
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4
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Navarro A, Sanseverino I, Cappelli F, Lahm A, Niegowska M, Fabbri M, Paracchini V, Petrillo M, Skejo H, Valsecchi S, Pedraccini R, Guglielmetti S, Frattini S, Villani G, Lettieri T. Study of antibiotic resistance in freshwater ecosystems with low anthropogenic impact. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159378. [PMID: 36272475 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the bacterial diversity and the background level of antibiotic resistance in two freshwater ecosystems with low anthropogenic impact in order to evaluate the presence of natural antimicrobial resistance in these areas and its potential to spread downstream. Water samples from a pre-Alpine and an Apennine river (Variola and Tiber, respectively) were collected in three different sampling campaigns and bacterial diversity was assessed by 16S sequencing, while the presence of bacteria resistant to five antibiotics was screened using a culturable approach. Overall bacterial load was higher in the Tiber River compared with the Variola River. Furthermore, the study revealed the presence of resistant bacteria, especially the Tiber River showed, for each sampling, the presence of resistance to all antibiotics tested, while for the Variola River, the detected resistance was variable, comprising two or more antibiotics. Screening of two resistance genes on a total of one hundred eighteen bacterial isolates from the two rivers showed that blaTEM, conferring resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, was dominant and present in ~58 % of isolates compared to only ~9 % for mefA/E conferring resistance to macrolides. Moreover, β-lactam resistance was detected in various isolates showing also resistance to additional antibiotics such as macrolides, aminoglycosides and tetracyclines. These observations would suggest the presence of co-resistant bacteria even in non-anthropogenic environments and this resistance may spread from the environment to humans and/or animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Navarro
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Isabella Sanseverino
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Francesca Cappelli
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy; Water Research Institute IRSA-CNR, Via del Mulino 19, Brugherio 20861, MB, Italy
| | - Armin Lahm
- Bioinformatic project support, P.za S.M. Liberatrice 18, 00153 Roma, Italy
| | - Magdalena Niegowska
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Marco Fabbri
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Valentina Paracchini
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | | | - Helle Skejo
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Sara Valsecchi
- Water Research Institute IRSA-CNR, Via del Mulino 19, Brugherio 20861, MB, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Gabriella Villani
- Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy
| | - Teresa Lettieri
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy.
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Nguyen TTT, Foysal MJ, Fotedar R, Gupta SK, Siddik MAB, Tay CY. The Effect of Two Dietary Protein Sources on Water Quality and the Aquatic Microbial Communities in Marron (Cherax cainii) Culture. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2021; 82:299-308. [PMID: 33432372 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-021-01681-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Feeding freshwater crayfish species with different diets not only affects the water quality but also induces the abundance of various microbial communities in their digestive tracts. In this context, very limited research has been undertaken to understand the impacts of various protein incorporated aqua-diets on the characteristics of water and its microbial communities. In this study, we have critically analysed the water quality parameters including pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia and phosphorus, as well as bacterial communities under marron (Cherax cainii) aquaculture, fed fishmeal (FM) and poultry by-product meal (PBM)-based diets for 60 days. The results unveiled that over the time, feeding has significant impacts on organic waste accumulation, especially ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate, while no effects were observed on pH and dissolved oxygen. Analysis of 16S rRNA sequence data of water sample indicated significant (P < 0.05) shift of microbial abundance in post-fed FM and PBM water with the evidence of microbial transmission from the gut of marron. Post-fed marron resulted in a significant correlation of Hafnia, Enterobacter, Candidatus Bacilloplasma and Aquitella with the quality and microbial population of water. The results of this study generated valuable knowledge database of microbes-water relationship for better health management practices and production of marron aquaculture fed with FM and PBM diets in under restricted feeding regime with the feeding ratios provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thu Thuy Nguyen
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- Department of Experimental Biology, Research Institute for Aquaculture No.2, Cần Thơ, Vietnam
| | - Md Javed Foysal
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia.
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.
| | - Ravi Fotedar
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Sanjay Kumar Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Muhammad A B Siddik
- Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Chin-Yen Tay
- Helicobacter Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Baghal Asghari F, Dehghani MH, Dehghanzadeh R, Farajzadeh D, Yaghmaeian K, Mahvi AH, Rajabi A. Antibiotic resistance and antibiotic-resistance genes of Pseudomonas spp. and Escherichia coli isolated from untreated hospital wastewater. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 84:172-181. [PMID: 34280162 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hospitals are considered an important factor in the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARBs) and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs). The purpose of this research was to characterize the microbial populations in hospital wastewater and investigated the prevalence of β-lactamase, SulІ and QnrS resistance genes. In the first step, culture method was used to isolate Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. In the next step, accurate identification of isolated bacteria was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, then the resistance of the bacteria at different concentrations of antibiotics (8-128 μg/mL) was examined. Finally the ARGs were detected using the PCR method. The averages of heterotrophic plate count (HPC) and ARB concentration in wastewater samples were 1.8 × 108 and 4.3 × 106 CFU/100 mL, respectively. The highest resistance rates were found for sulfamethoxazole and the highest resistance rates in the β-lactamase group were for ceftazidime, while highest sensitivity was for gentamicin and there was no isolate that was sensitive to the studied antibiotics. SulІ and QnrS were the highest and lowest abundance of all ARGs in samples respectively and blaSHV was the highest β-lactam resistance gene. Our results indicated an increase in the resistance of identified bacteria to several antibiotics. So it can be concluded that numerous antibiotic-resistant pathogens and vast numbers of ARGs exist in the human body so that their release from hospitals without effective treatment can cause many dangers to the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Baghal Asghari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Dehghani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Environmental Research, Center for Solid Waste Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Dehghanzadeh
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davoud Farajzadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kamyar Yaghmaeian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mahvi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Rajabi
- Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Zhang J, Zheng C, Dai Y, He C, Liu H, Chai S. Efficient degradation of amoxicillin by scaled-up electro-Fenton process: Attenuation of toxicity and decomposition mechanism. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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8
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Molecular investigation of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains isolated from wastewater streams in Pakistan. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:378. [PMID: 32802720 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02366-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a global public health issue and it is even more daunting in developing countries. The main objective of present study was to investigate molecular responses of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The 48 bacterial strains, which were previously isolated and identified were subjected to disc diffusion and MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) determination, followed by investigating the production of the three beta-lactamases (ESBLs (Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamases), MBLs (Metallo Beta-lactamases), AmpCs) and exploring prevalence of the two antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs); blaTEM and qnrS. Higher MIC values were observed for penicillin(s) than that for fluoroquinolones (ampicillin > amoxicillin > ofloxacin > ciprofloxacin > levofloxacin). Resistance rates were high (58-89%) for all of the tested beta-lactams. Among the tested strains, 5 were ESBL producers (4 Aeromonas spp. and 1 Escherichia sp.), 2 were MBL producers (1 Stenotrophomonas sp. and 1 Citrobacter sp.) and 3 were AmpC producers (2 Pseudomonas spp. and 1 Morganella sp.). The ARGs qnrS2 and blaTEM were detected in Aeromonas spp. and Escherichia sp. The results highlighted the role of Aeromonas as a vector. The study reports bacteria of multidrug resistance nature in the wastewater environment of Pakistan, which harbor ARGs of clinical relevance and could present a public health concern.
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Is Caretta Caretta a Carrier of Antibiotic Resistance in the Mediterranean Sea? Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9030116. [PMID: 32164241 PMCID: PMC7148500 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9030116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea turtles can be considered a sentinel species for monitoring the health of marine ecosystems, acting, at the same time, as a carrier of microorganisms. Indeed, sea turtles can acquire the microbiota from their reproductive sites and feeding, contributing to the diffusion of antibiotic-resistant strains to uncontaminated environments. This study aims to unveil the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in (i) loggerhead sea turtles stranded along the coast of Sicily (Mediterranean Sea), (ii) unhatched and/or hatched eggs, (iii) sand from the turtles’ nest and (iv) seawater. Forty-four bacterial strains were isolated and identified by conventional biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequencing. The Gram-negative Aeromonas and Vibrio species were mainly found in sea turtles and seawater samples, respectively. Conversely, the Gram-positive Bacillus, Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus strains were mostly isolated from eggs and sand. The antimicrobial resistance profile of the isolates revealed that these strains were resistant to cefazolin (95.5%), streptomycin (43.2%), colistin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (34.1%). Moreover, metagenome analysis unveiled the presence of both antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes, as well as the mobile element class 1 integron at an alarming percentage rate. Our results suggest that Caretta caretta could be considered a carrier of antibiotic-resistant genes.
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10
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Grillová L, Sedláček I, Páchníková G, Staňková E, Švec P, Holochová P, Micenková L, Bosák J, Slaninová I, Šmajs D. Characterization of four Escherichia albertii isolates collected from animals living in Antarctica and Patagonia. J Vet Med Sci 2017; 80:138-146. [PMID: 29249728 PMCID: PMC5797873 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia albertii is a recently discovered species with a limited number of well characterized strains. The aim of this study was to characterize four of the E. albertii strains, which were among 41 identified Escherichia strains isolated from the feces of living animals on James Ross Island, Antarctica, and Isla Magdalena, Patagonia. Sequencing of 16S rDNA, automated ribotyping, and rep-PCR were used to identify the four E. albertii isolates. Phylogenetic analyses based on multi-locus sequence typing showed these isolates to be genetically most similar to the members of E. albertii phylogroup G3. These isolates encoded several virulence factors including those, which are characteristic of E. albertii (cytolethal distending toxin and intimin) as well as bacteriocin determinants that typically have a very low prevalence in E. coli strains (D, E7). Moreover, E. albertii protein extracts caused cell cycle arrest in human cell line A375, probably because of cytolethal distending toxin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Grillová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Sedláček
- Czech Collection of Microorganisms, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriela Páchníková
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Staňková
- Czech Collection of Microorganisms, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Švec
- Czech Collection of Microorganisms, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Holochová
- Czech Collection of Microorganisms, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Micenková
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Bosák
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Slaninová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Šmajs
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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11
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Quadra GR, Oliveira de Souza H, Costa RDS, Fernandez MADS. Do pharmaceuticals reach and affect the aquatic ecosystems in Brazil? A critical review of current studies in a developing country. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:1200-1218. [PMID: 27734317 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7789-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical residues are not completely removed in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) becoming contaminants in aquatic ecosystems. Thereby, it is important to investigate their concentrations in the environment and the possible consequences of their occurrence, including for human health. Here, we briefly reviewed the paths of pharmaceuticals to reach the environment, their behavior and fate in the environment, and the possible consequences of their occurrence. Moreover, we synthetized all the studies about the detection of pharmaceuticals in Brazilian water bodies and the available ecotoxicological knowledge on their effects. In this study, when we compare the data found on these compounds worldwide, we observed that Brazilian surface waters present considerable concentrations of 17α-ethinylestradiol, 17β-estradiol, and caffeine. In general, concentrations found in aquatic systems worldwide seems to be low; however, ecotoxicological tests showed that even these low concentrations can cause sublethal effects in biota. The knowledge about the effects of continuous exposure and mixtures is sparse. In summary, new research is urgently required about the effects of these compounds in biota-including long-term exposition and mixture tests-and on specific technologies to remove these compounds in water bodies and WWTPs, besides the introduction of new policies for pharmaceutical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Rabelo Quadra
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, S/n-Martelos, Juiz de Fora, MG, 36036-330, Brazil.
| | - Helena Oliveira de Souza
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus Macaé, Av. Aluizio da Silva Gomes, 50-Novo Cavaleiros, Macaé, RJ, 27930-560, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Dos Santos Costa
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Av. Gen. Tavares de Souza s/n°, Campus da Praia Vermelha, Niteroi, RJ, 24210-346, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio Dos Santos Fernandez
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia Marinha, Faculdade de Oceanografia, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524-Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20550-900, Brazil
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12
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Dong H, Yuan X, Wang W, Qiang Z. Occurrence and removal of antibiotics in ecological and conventional wastewater treatment processes: A field study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 178:11-19. [PMID: 27127893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and removal of 19 antibiotics (including four macrolides, eight sulfonamides, three fluoroquinolones, three tetracyclines, and trimethoprim) were investigated in two ecological (constructed wetland (CW) and stabilization pond (SP)) and two conventional wastewater treatment processes (activated sludge (AS) and micro-power biofilm (MP)) in a county of eastern China. All target antibiotics were detected in the influent and effluent samples with detection frequencies of >90%. Clarithromycin, ofloxacin, roxithromycin and erythromycin-H2O were the dominant antibiotics with maximum concentrations reaching up to 6524, 5411, 964 and 957 ng/L, respectively; while the concentrations of tiamulin, sulfamerazine, sulfathiazole, sulfamethazine, sulfamethizole and sulfisoxazole were below 10 ng/L. Although the mean effluent concentrations of target antibiotics were obviously lower than the influent ones (except ciprofloxacin), their removals were usually incomplete. Principal component analysis showed that the AS and CW outperformed the MP and SP processes and the AS performed better than the CW process in terms of antibiotics removal. Both the AS and CW processes exhibited higher removal efficiencies in summer than in winter, indicating biological degradation could play an important role in antibiotics removal. Because of the incomplete removal, the total concentration of detected antibiotics increased in the mixing and downstream sections of a local river receiving the effluent from a typical wastewater treatment facility practicing AS process. Nowadays, ecological wastewater treatment processes are being rapidly planned and constructed in rural areas of China; however, the discharge of residual antibiotics to the aquatic environment may highlight a necessity for optimizing or upgrading their design and operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xiangjuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Zhimin Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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Igbinosa IH, Igbinosa EO, Okoh AI. Detection of antibiotic resistance, virulence gene determinants and biofilm formation in Aeromonas species isolated from cattle. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:17596-17605. [PMID: 26143545 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4934-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the antibiogram of Aeromonas strains recovered from cattle faeces and the potential pathogenic status of the isolates. The antibiogram of the Aeromonas isolates demonstrated total resistance to clindamycin oxacillin, trimethoprim, novobiocin and ticarcillin. However, Aeromonas strains were sensitive to cefotaxime, oxytetracycline and tobramycin. The Aeromonas strains from Lovedale and Fort Cox farms were found to possess some virulence genes. The percentage distribution was aer 71.4%, ast 35.7%, fla 60.7%, lip 35.7% and hlyA 25% for Lovedale farm and aer 63.1%, alt 10.5%, ast 55.2%, fla 78.9%, lip 21% and hlyA 35.9% for Fort Cox farm. Class 1 integron was present in 27% of Aeromonas isolates; the bla TEM gene was present in 34.8%, while the blaP1 class A β-lactamase gene was detected in 12.1% of the isolates. Approximately 86% of the isolates formed a biofilm on microtitre plates. The presence of multiple antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in Aeromonas isolates from cattle faeces reveals the pathogenic and infectious importance of these isolates and is of great significance to public health. The possession of a biofilm-forming capability by such isolates may lead to difficulty during the management of infection related to Aeromonas species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isoken H Igbinosa
- SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
| | - Etinosa O Igbinosa
- SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Private Mail Bag 1154, Benin, 300001, Nigeria.
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- SA-MRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
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Iliev I, Marhova M, Gochev V, Tsankova M, Trifonova S. Antibiotic resistance of Gram-negative benthic bacteria isolated from the sediments of Kardzhali Dam (Bulgaria). BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2015; 29:274-280. [PMID: 26019641 PMCID: PMC4433961 DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2014.998160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to carry out a preliminary assessment for the occurrence of bacterial strains resistant to frequently used antibiotics in the sediments beneath the sturgeon cage farm in Kardzhali Dam (Bulgaria). Samples were taken from the top 2 cm of sediments under a fish farm and from a control station in the aquatory of the reservoir in the period July–October 2011. Surveillance of bacterial susceptibility to 16 antimicrobial agents was performed for 160 Gram-negative strains (Pseudomonas mandelii – 100 strains; Hafnia alvei – 30 strains; and Raoultella ornithinolytica – 30 strains). No significant differences in the resistance to the tested antibiotics were observed between the strains isolated from the two stations (analysis of variance, P > 0.05). Widespread resistance to penicillins and certain cephalosporin antibiotics was observed in both stations. None of the studied strains showed resistance to the aminoglycoside antibiotics gentamicin and amikacin, or to ciprofloxacin. Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) were determined for five of the tested antimicrobial agents by the microdilution antibiotic sensitivity assay. The data indicate that amikacin, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin effectively suppress the growth of the tested micro-organisms. The isolates from genus Pseudomonas showed the highest MIC and were characterized by the highest percentage of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Iliev
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv "Paisii Hilendarski" , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Mariana Marhova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv "Paisii Hilendarski" , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Velizar Gochev
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv "Paisii Hilendarski" , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Marinela Tsankova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv "Paisii Hilendarski" , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Sonya Trifonova
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv "Paisii Hilendarski" , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
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Santos AB, Reis MP, Costa PS, Ávila MP, Lima-Bittencourt CI, Barbosa FAR, Chartone-Souza E, Nascimento AMA. Environmental diversity of bacteria in a warm monomictic tropical freshwater lake. ANN MICROBIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-015-1048-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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16
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Lima-Bittencourt CI, Costa PS, Reis MP, Santos AB, Barbosa FAR, Valentin JL, Thompson FL, Chartone-Souza E, Nascimento AMA. A survey on cultivable heterotrophic bacteria inhabiting a thermally unstratified water column in an Atlantic Rainforest lake. PeerJ 2014; 2:e478. [PMID: 25237594 PMCID: PMC4157234 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the importance of heterotrophic bacteria in biogeochemical cycles and their influence on water quality, many studies have assessed the composition of the bacterial community. Most of these were made in temperate freshwaters. Eighteen heterotrophic bacteria communities distributed over time and space in the water column of Carioca Lake, not exposed to anthropogenic activities, were analyzed to characterize their composition. A polyphasic approach was used, including 16S rDNA restriction analysis, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, BIOLOG Ecoplates and statistical methods. The physiological profiles among the 18 microbial communities were diverse. Clustering analysis and the metabolic fingerprint of the Biolog EcoplateTM system data separated the communities based on temporal scale. A set of 673 isolates were recovered on high nutrient medium. The 673 isolates obtained yielded 360 Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA) Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs). Most (313) of the ARDRA patterns, OTUs, were from isolates obtained in a single sampling point, in temporal and spatial scales, indicating changes in the bacterial community. A subset of representative isolates for each ARDRA OTU was identified by 16S rRNA gene fragment sequencing and categorized into five phyla, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Deinococcus-Thermus, represented by 38 genera. The results of this work contribute to a better understanding about the phylogeny of tropical freshwater heterotrophic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia I Lima-Bittencourt
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Patrícia S Costa
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Mariana P Reis
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Alexandre B Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Francisco A R Barbosa
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Jean L Valentin
- Laboratório de Microbiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Fabiano L Thompson
- Laboratório de Microbiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Edmar Chartone-Souza
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Andréa M A Nascimento
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais , Brazil
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Poonia S, Singh TS, Tsering DC. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria isolated from natural sources of water from rural areas of East sikkim. Indian J Community Med 2014; 39:156-60. [PMID: 25136156 PMCID: PMC4134531 DOI: 10.4103/0970-0218.137152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Contamination of water, food, and environment with antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a serious public health issue. Objective: The objective was to study the bacterial pollution of the natural sources of water in east Sikkim and to determine the antimicrobial profile of the bacterial isolates. Materials and Methods: A total of 225 samples, 75 each during winter, summer, and monsoon season were collected from the same source in every season for bacteriological analysis by membrane filtration method. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using standard disc diffusion method. Results: A total of 19 bacterial species of the genera Escherichia, Klebsiella, Proteus, Salmonella, Shigella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Morganella, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Flavobacterium, and Serratia were isolated and their antimicrobial sensitivity tested. Generally, most bacterial isolates except Salmonella and Shigella species were found resistant to commonly used antibiotics such as ampicillin (57.5%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxaole (39.1%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (37.4%), cefixime (34.5%), tetracycline (29.1%), ceftazidime (26.3%), ofloxacin (25.9%), amikacin (8.7%), and gentamicin (2.7%) but sensitive to imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam. Conclusion: Natural sources of water in east Sikkim are grossly contaminated with bacteria including enteropathogens. The consumption of untreated water from these sources might pose health risk to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubra Poonia
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - T Shantikumar Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Dechen C Tsering
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
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18
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Piotrowska M, Popowska M. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes among Aeromonas species in aquatic environments. ANN MICROBIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-014-0911-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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19
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Sedláček I, Grillová L, Kroupová E, Černohlávková J, Šmajs D. Isolation of human pathogen Escherichia albertii from faeces of seals (Leptonychotes weddelli) in James Ross Island, Antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5817/cpr2013-2-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A set of nine gram-negative fermenting rods biochemically identified as Escherichia coli was isolated from faeces of seals. These bacteria were characterized by phenotypic classification, 16S rDNA sequence analyses, automated ribotyping, study of whole-cell protein profiles by SDS-PAGE and finally by bacteriocin production. The results of our polyphasic taxonomic study supported the recognition of P4652, P4653 and P4740 isolates as true members of Escherichia albertii species – probably a major enteric human pathogen. To our best knowledge, this is the first evidence showing that E. albertii produces bacteriocin, colicin D. Obtained data unambiguously showed incon-venience of commercial identification systems to distinguish both Escherichia species due to missing data of E. albertii in the commercial databases. The results of Escherichia isolates taxonomy suggest seals as a novel source of human and animal pathogen,E. albertii in the Antarctic region.
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20
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Gozlan I, Rotstein A, Avisar D. Amoxicillin-degradation products formed under controlled environmental conditions: identification and determination in the aquatic environment. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 91:985-92. [PMID: 23466086 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.01.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 01/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Amoxicillin (AMX) is a widely used penicillin-type antibiotic whose presence in the environment has been widely investigated, despite its rapid hydrolysis to various degradation products (DPs). In this work, the formation of AMX DPs was studied in various aqueous solutions containing 100μgmL(-1) AMX. Three phosphate buffer solutions, at pH 5, pH 7 and pH 8, and a fourth buffer solution at pH 7 with the addition of the bivalent ions Mg(2+)and Ca(2) as chelating agents, were examined under controlled environmental conditions. In addition, two solutions from natural sources were examined secondary effluents and tap water. The obtained DPs were identified by their MS/MS, UV and NMR spectra (obtained from pure compounds isolated by preparative HPLC) as: AMX penicilloic acid (ADP1/2), AMX penilloic acid (ADP4/5) and phenol hydroxypyrazine (ADP6). Two additional detected DPs AMX 2',5'-diketopiperazine (ADP8/9), and AMX-S-oxide (ADP3) were reported and discussed in our previous publications. These DPs were then detected in secondary effluent and groundwater from a well located beneath agricultural fields continuously irrigated with secondary effluent. Concentrations in the secondary effluent were: ADP1/2, several micrograms per liter; ADP4/5, 0.15μgL(-1), and ADP8/9, 0.5μgL(-1). ADP6 were detected but not quantified. In the groundwater, only ADP8/9 was detected, at a concentration of 0.03μgL(-1). The detection and quantification of DPs of other investigated drugs is recommended as an integral part of any study, method or technique dealing with pharmaceutical residues in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igal Gozlan
- The Hydro-Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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21
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Facchin S, Alves PDD, Siqueira FDF, Barroca TM, Victória JMN, Kalapothakis E. Biodiversity and secretion of enzymes with potential utility in wastewater treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/oje.2013.31005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Voolaid V, Jõers A, Kisand V, Tenson T. Co-occurrence of resistance to different antibiotics among aquatic bacteria. BMC Microbiol 2012; 12:225. [PMID: 23031674 PMCID: PMC3519559 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-12-225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance is not confined to pathogens, but is also widespread in various natural environments. In nature the microbes producing antibiotic compounds have been around for millions of years. Heavy use of antibiotics in medicine and veterinary practice may lead to the accumulation of resistance genes in microbial populations, followed by a rise in multiresistant bacteria. RESULTS To test the extent of resistance among aquatic bacteria, we have collected 760 isolates resistant to at least one antibiotic. The phylogeny of the isolates covers a wide range of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. In order to determine the extent of multiresistance, the isolates were tested on six antibiotics. As the growth rate of the different bacteria was highly variable, the classical medical resistance tests could not be used, and an alternative method considering the full growth curve was developed. In general, the overall resistances to different antibiotics could be explained by random, independent distribution. An exception to this was the resistances against tetracycline and chloramphenicol, which tended to occur in pairs. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that there is no massive spread of multiresistance determinants in the studied environment, although some specific cases can be found, awaiting for molecular characterization of the resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veiko Voolaid
- University of Tartu Institute of Technology, Nooruse St 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Arvi Jõers
- University of Tartu Institute of Technology, Nooruse St 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Veljo Kisand
- University of Tartu Institute of Technology, Nooruse St 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Tanel Tenson
- University of Tartu Institute of Technology, Nooruse St 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
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Matyar F. Antibiotic and heavy metal resistance in bacteria isolated from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea coast. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2012; 89:551-6. [PMID: 22772881 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-012-0726-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study it aimed to determine the microbial diversity, level of antibiotic resistance patterns and distribution of heavy metal resistance of bacterial isolates from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea coast. The resistance of 255 gram-negative bacterial isolates to 16 different antibiotics and to 5 heavy metals was investigated. The most common strains isolated from all samples were Citrobacter koseri (9.0%), Escherichia coli (8.2%) and Pantoea agglomerans (8.2%). Our results revealed a high incidence of resistance to ampicillin (74.0%), streptomycin (70.0%) and cefazolin (48.3%). The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index ranged from 0.2 to 0.75. Isolates showed tolerances to different concentrations of heavy metals. Our results show that the Eastern Mediterranean Sea coast has a significant proportion of antibiotic and heavy metal resistant pathogens, or opportunist gram-negative bacteria, and these bacteria may result in a potential public health hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Matyar
- Department of Science and Technology Education, Faculty of Education, Cukurova University, Saricam, 01330, Adana, Turkey.
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Igbinosa IH, Okoh AI. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of Aeromonas species isolated from wastewater treatment plant. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:764563. [PMID: 22927788 PMCID: PMC3425809 DOI: 10.1100/2012/764563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Aeromonas species isolated from Alice and Fort Beaufort wastewater treatment plant in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined using the disc diffusion method, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was employed for the detection of antibiotics resistance genes. Variable susceptibilities were observed against ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, gentamicin, minocycline, among others. Aeromonas isolates from both locations were 100% resistant to penicillin, oxacillin, ampicillin, and vancomycin. Higher phenotypic resistance was observed in isolates from Fort Beaufort compared to isolates from Alice. Class A pse1 β-lactamase was detected in 20.8% of the isolates with a lower detection rate of 8.3% for bla(TEM) gene. Class 1 integron was present in 20.8% of Aeromonas isolates while class 2 integron and TetC gene were not detected in any isolate. The antibiotic resistance phenotypes observed in the isolates and the presence of β-lactamases genes detected in some isolates are of clinical and public health concern as this has consequences for antimicrobial chemotherapy of infections associated with Aeromonas species. This study further supports wastewater as potential reservoirs of antibiotic resistance determinants in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony I. Okoh
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
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25
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Smajs D, Cejková D, Micenková L, Lima-Bittencourt CI, Chartone-Souza E, Smarda J, Nascimento AMA. Human Escherichia coli strains of different geographical and time source: bacteriocin types and their gene sequences are population-specific. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2012; 4:459-466. [PMID: 23760833 DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-2229.2012.00365.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriocin production was tested in two sets of Escherichia coli strains: one isolated in 1978 from healthy children of rubber tree tappers and Indians in Amazonia, Brazil (n = 35), and the second one isolated in 2004 from healthy adult volunteers in the Moravia region, Czech Republic (n = 53). Although the occurrence of bacteriocin production was rather similar in both groups (54.3% and 43.4% respectively), the spectra of bacteriocin-encoding determinants in both groups were different. Altogether, 12 different bacteriocin-encoding determinants were found among the tested strains. The occurrence of colicin E1- and Y-genes was higher (P = 0.02 and P = 0.009 respectively) while the occurrence of microcin V gene was lower (P = 0.02) among Amazonian strains compared with Moravian strains. The colicin-encoding determinants of colicins Ia, M, Y and E1 were amplified from Amazonian and Moravian producer strains and sequenced, as were chromosomal 16S rRNA, gyrB and tonB genes. While sequence alignments of chromosomal loci revealed no clusters with respect to geographical origin of strains, the colicin-encoding genes were very similar among the strains of each origin but different between the two geographic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Smajs
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Leung HW, Minh TB, Murphy MB, Lam JCW, So MK, Martin M, Lam PKS, Richardson BJ. Distribution, fate and risk assessment of antibiotics in sewage treatment plants in Hong Kong, South China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2012; 42:1-9. [PMID: 21450345 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2010] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Occurrence, removal, consumption and environmental risks of sixteen antibiotics were investigated in several sewage treatment plants (STPs) featuring different treatment levels in Hong Kong, China. Cefalexin, ofloxacin and erythromycin-H(2)O were predominant with concentrations of 1020-5640, 142-7900 and 243-4740 ng/L in influent, respectively; their mass loads were comparable to levels reported in urban regions in China and were at the high end of the range reported for western countries. The target antibiotics behaved differently depending on the treatment level employed at the STPs and relatively higher removal efficiencies (>70%) were observed for cefalexin, cefotaxime, amoxicillin, sulfamethoxazole and chloramphenicol during secondary treatment. ß-lactams were especially susceptible to removal via the activated sludge process while macrolides were recalcitrant (<20%) in the dissolved phase. Two fluoroquinolones, ofloxacin (4%) and norfloxacin (52%), differed greatly in their removal efficiencies, probably because of disparities in their pK(a) values which resulted in different sorption behaviour in sludge. Overall antibiotic consumption in Hong Kong was back-calculated based on influent mass flows and compared with available prescription and usage data. This model was verified by a good approximation of 82% and 141% to the predicted consumption of total ofloxacin, but a less accurate estimate was obtained for erythromycin usage. Risk assessment indicated that algae are susceptible to the environmental concentrations of amoxicillin as well as the mixture of the nine detected antibiotics in receiving surface waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Leung
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Maravić A, Skočibušić M, Samanić I, Puizina J. Antibiotic susceptibility profiles and first report of TEM extended-spectrum β-lactamase in Pseudomonas fluorescens from coastal waters of the Kaštela Bay, Croatia. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 28:2039-45. [PMID: 22806025 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-012-1006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 01/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility profiles and the presence of extended-spectrum-β-lactamases (ESBLs) in Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates from coastal waters of the Kaštela Bay, Croatia. Twenty-two water samples were collected during 2009. Isolates were tested for susceptibilities to 13 antibiotics by Etest. ESBL production was confirmed by double-disk synergy test carried out on Mueller-Hinton agar plates containing efflux pump inhibitor Phe-Arg-β-naphthylamide dihydrochloride. PCR and DNA sequencing analysis were used to identify ESBL-encoding genes. The transferability of cephalosporin resistance was tested by conjugation experiments. Genetic relatedness of ESBL-producing isolates was determined by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. Out of 185 P. fluorescens isolates recovered, 70 (37.8%) demonstrated multiresistance phenotype with highest rates of resistance to tetracycline (61.6%), aztreonam (31.9%), meropenem (17.3%), ceftazidime (15.1%) and cefotaxime (12.4%). Ten (5.4%) isolates were identified as ESBL producers. All isolates carried chromosomally located bla (TEM-116) gene. RAPD analysis identified four different genotypes. Here, we demonstrated a baseline profiles of antimicrobial resistance of P. fluorescens from coastal waters of the Kaštela Bay, Croatia. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of TEM-type ESBL in P. fluorescens, indicating this bacterium as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes with clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maravić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Split, N. Tesle 12, 21000 Split, Croatia.
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Bush K, Fisher JF. Epidemiological expansion, structural studies, and clinical challenges of new β-lactamases from gram-negative bacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol 2012; 65:455-78. [PMID: 21740228 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-090110-102911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
β-Lactamase evolution presents to the infectious disease community a major challenge in the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Because over 1,000 of these naturally occurring β-lactamases exist, attempts to correlate structure and function have become daunting. Although new enzymes in the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) families are frequently identified, the older CTX-M-14 and CTX-M-15 enzymes have become the most prevalent ESBLs in global surveillance. Carbapenemases with either serine-based or zinc-facilitated hydrolysis mechanisms are posing some of the most critical problems. Most geographical regions now report KPC serine carbapenemases and the metallo-β-lactamases VIM, IMP, and NDM-1, even though NDM-1 was only recently identified. The rapid emergence of these newer enzymes, with multiple β-lactamases appearing in a single organism, makes the design of new β-lactamase inactivators or β-lactamase-stable β-lactams all the more difficult. Combination therapy will likely be required to counteract the continuing evolution of these insidious enzymes in multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bush
- Biology Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401, USA.
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Lima-Bittencourt CI, Costa PS, Barbosa FAR, Chartone-Souza E, Nascimento AMA. Characterization of a Chromobacterium haemolyticum population from a natural tropical lake. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 52:642-50. [PMID: 21466570 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.03052.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study genetic diversity of Chromobacterium haemolyticum isolates recovered from a natural tropical lake. METHODS AND RESULTS A set of 31 isolates were recovered from a bacterial freshwater community by conventional plating methods and subjected to genetic and phenotypic characterization. The 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene phylogeny revealed that the isolates were related most closely with C. haemolyticum. In addition to the molecular data, our isolates exhibited strong β-haemolytic activity, were nonviolacein producers and utilized i-inositol, D-mannitol and D-sorbitol in contrast with the other known chromobacteria. Evaluation of the genetic diversity in the 16S rRNA gene, tRNA intergenic spacers (tDNA) and 16S-23S internal transcribed spacers (ITS) unveiled different levels of genetic heterogeneity in the population, which were also observed with repetitive extragenic palindromic (rep)-PCR genomic fingerprinting using the BOX-AR1 primer. tDNA- and ITS-PCR analyses were partially congruent with the 16S rRNA gene phylogeny. The isolates exhibited high resistance to β-lactamic antibiotics. CONCLUSION The population genetic heterogeneity was revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequence, ITS and BOX-PCR analysis. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study provides for the first time an insight into the genetic diversity of phylogenetically close isolates to C. haemolyticum species.
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Affiliation(s)
- C I Lima-Bittencourt
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Diversity of clavulanic acid-inhibited extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Aeromonas spp. from the Seine River, Paris, France. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 55:1256-61. [PMID: 21149627 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00921-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental Aeromonas sp. isolates resistant to ceftazidime were recovered during an environmental survey performed with water samples from the Seine River, in Paris, France, in November 2009. Selected isolates were identified by sequencing of the 16S rRNA and rpoB genes. PCR and cloning experiments were used to identify broad-spectrum-β-lactamase-encoding genes and their genetic context. Clavulanic acid-inhibited extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) genes were identified in 71% of the Aeromonas sp. isolates. A variety of ESBL genes were detected, including bla(VEB-1a), bla(SHV-12), bla(PER-1), bla(PER-6), bla(TLA-2), and bla(GES-7), suggesting an aquatic reservoir of those ESBL genes. Moreover, the repeated elements and different insertion sequences were identified in association with the bla(PER-6) and the bla(VEB-1a) genes, respectively, indicating a wide diversity of mobilization events, making Aeromonas spp. a vehicle for ESBL dissemination.
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