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Lopes IG, Wiklicky V, Vinnerås B, Yong JWH, Lalander C. Recirculating frass from food waste bioconversion using black soldier fly larvae: Impacts on process efficiency and product quality. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121869. [PMID: 39029172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Biowaste generation is increasing worldwide and inadequate disposal has strong negative impacts on food systems and ecosystems. Biodigestion of biowaste using black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) generates valuable by-products such as animal feed (larval biomass) and organic fertiliser (frass). However, the latter is typically unstable immediately after waste conversion and is thus unsafe for use as a fertilizer in terms of maturity. This study evaluated recirculation of frass within bioconversion of post-consumer food waste (FW) as a dietary component for BSFL to improve the quality of the subsequent frass obtained. Frass was introduced at increasing inclusion levels replacing food waste (2.5-100% on wet-weight basis) as part of the larvae's feeding substrate. Bioconversion efficiency and material reduction were significantly reduced by frass inclusion, while larval yield per experimental unit remained unchanged. When considering only the waste component in the larval diet, larval yield (dry-weight basis) ranged between 207 (0% frass inclusion) and 403 (40% frass inclusion) kg tonne FW-1, thus increasing by up to 94% at higher frass inclusion. With increasing dietary inclusion rate of frass from 0% to 100%, crude protein content of larval biomass increased by 41%, while fat content was reduced by 32%. The recirculated frass (obtained after including frass in the larval diet) had elevated concentrations of P, K, S, Na and B and around 6% lower organic matter content, demonstrating a higher degree of decomposition. Frass inclusion in the larval diet generated recirculated frass that were more stable and mature, as indicated by self-heating capacity, CO2 and NH3 volatilisation, seed germination bioassays and other parameters. It was concluded that frass recirculation improves waste bioconversion efficiency in relation to food waste unit, as well as larval biomass and frass quality, ensuring safer use as a fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivã Guidini Lopes
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.
| | - Viktoria Wiklicky
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Björn Vinnerås
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lalander
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Enagbonma BJ, Fadiji AE, Babalola OO. Anthropogenic fertilization influences a shift in barley rhizosphere microbial communities. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17303. [PMID: 39006020 PMCID: PMC11246026 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Anthropogenic mediations contribute a significant role in stimulating positive reactions in soil-plant interactions; however, methodical reports on how anthropogenic activities impact soil microorganism-induced properties and soil health are still inadequate. In this study, we evaluated the influence of anthropogenic fertilization of farmland soil on barley rhizosphere microbial community structure and diversity, and the significant impacts on agro-ecosystem productivity. This will help validate the premise that soil amendment with prolonged synthetic fertilizers can lead to a significant reduction in bacterial abundance and diversity, while soils amended with organic fertilizers elicit the succession of the native soil microbial community and favor the growth of copiotrophic bacteria. Methods The total metagenomic DNA was extracted from soils obtained from the barley rhizosphere under chemical fertilization (CB), organic fertilization (OB), and bulk soil (NB). Subsequently, these samples were sequenced using an amplicon-based sequencing approach, and the raw sequence dataset was examined using a metagenomic rast server (MG-RAST). Results Our findings showed that all environments (CB, OB, and NB) shared numerous soil bacterial phyla but with different compositions. However, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria predominated in the barley rhizosphere under chemical fertilization, organic fertilization, and bulk soils, respectively. Alpha and beta diversity analysis showed that the diversity of bacteria under organic barley rhizosphere was significantly higher and more evenly distributed than bacteria under chemical fertilization and bulk soil. Conclusion Understanding the impact of conventional and organic fertilizers on the structure, composition, and diversity of the rhizosphere microbiome will assist in soil engineering to enhance microbial diversity in the agroecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Jesuorsemwen Enagbonma
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, North-West Province, South Africa
| | - Ayomide Emmanuel Fadiji
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, North-West Province, South Africa
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, North-West Province, South Africa
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Graham EB, Camargo AP, Wu R, Neches RY, Nolan M, Paez-Espino D, Kyrpides NC, Jansson JK, McDermott JE, Hofmockel KS. A global atlas of soil viruses reveals unexplored biodiversity and potential biogeochemical impacts. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:1873-1883. [PMID: 38902374 PMCID: PMC11222151 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01686-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Historically neglected by microbial ecologists, soil viruses are now thought to be critical to global biogeochemical cycles. However, our understanding of their global distribution, activities and interactions with the soil microbiome remains limited. Here we present the Global Soil Virus Atlas, a comprehensive dataset compiled from 2,953 previously sequenced soil metagenomes and composed of 616,935 uncultivated viral genomes and 38,508 unique viral operational taxonomic units. Rarefaction curves from the Global Soil Virus Atlas indicate that most soil viral diversity remains unexplored, further underscored by high spatial turnover and low rates of shared viral operational taxonomic units across samples. By examining genes associated with biogeochemical functions, we also demonstrate the viral potential to impact soil carbon and nutrient cycling. This study represents an extensive characterization of soil viral diversity and provides a foundation for developing testable hypotheses regarding the role of the virosphere in the soil microbiome and global biogeochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B Graham
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA.
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
| | - Antonio Pedro Camargo
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ruonan Wu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Russell Y Neches
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Matt Nolan
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - David Paez-Espino
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nikos C Kyrpides
- US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Janet K Jansson
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Jason E McDermott
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kirsten S Hofmockel
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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Ahmadi M, Sabzini M, Rastgordani S, Farazin A. Optimizing Wound Healing: Examining the Influence of Biopolymers Through a Comprehensive Review of Nanohydrogel-Embedded Nanoparticles in Advancing Regenerative Medicine. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2024:15347346241244890. [PMID: 38619304 DOI: 10.1177/15347346241244890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Nanohydrogel wound healing refers to the use of nanotechnology-based hydrogel materials to promote the healing of wounds. Hydrogel dressings are made up of a three-dimensional network of hydrophilic polymers that can absorb and retain large amounts of water or other fluids. Nanohydrogels take this concept further by incorporating nanoscale particles or structures into the hydrogel matrix. These nanoparticles can be made of various materials, such as silver, zinc oxide, or nanoparticles derived from natural substances like chitosan. The inclusion of nanoparticles can provide additional properties and benefits to the hydrogel dressings. Nanohydrogels can be designed to release bioactive substances, such as growth factors or drugs, in a controlled manner. This allows for targeted delivery of therapeutics to the wound site, promoting healing and reducing inflammation. Nanoparticles can reinforce the structure of hydrogels, improving their mechanical strength and stability. Nanohydrogels often incorporate antimicrobial nanoparticles, such as silver or zinc oxide. These nanoparticles have shown effective antimicrobial activity against a wide range of bacteria, fungi, and other pathogens. By incorporating them into hydrogel dressings, nanohydrogels can help prevent or reduce the risk of infection in wounds. Nanohydrogels can be designed to encapsulate and release bioactive substances, such as growth factors, peptides, or drugs, in a controlled and sustained manner. This targeted delivery of therapeutic agents promotes wound healing by facilitating cell proliferation, reducing inflammation, and supporting tissue regeneration. The unique properties of nanohydrogels, including their ability to maintain a moist environment and deliver bioactive agents, can help accelerate the wound healing process. By creating an optimal environment for cell growth and tissue repair, nanohydrogels can promote faster and more efficient healing of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Ahmadi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Sabzini
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Rastgordani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA
| | - Ashkan Farazin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA
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Chen L, Bian L, Ma Q, Li Y, Wang X, Liu Y. Defensive alteration of root exudate composition by grafting Prunus sp. onto resistant rootstock contributes to reducing crown gall disease. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae049. [PMID: 38645683 PMCID: PMC11031412 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Grafting is a traditional and significant strategy to suppress soil-borne diseases, such as the crown gall disease caused by tumorigenic Agrobacterium and Rhizobium. Root exudates and the rhizosphere microbiome play critical roles in controlling crown gall disease, but their roles in suppressing crown gall disease in grafted plants remain unclear. Here, disease-susceptible cherry rootstock 'Gisela 6' and disease-resistant cherry rootstock 'Haiying 1' were grafted onto each other or self-grafted. The effect of their root exudates on the soil microbiome composition and the abundance of pathogenic Agrobacterium were studied. Grafting onto the disease-resistant rootstock helped to reduce the abundance of pathogenic Agrobacterium, accompanied by altering root exudation, enriching potential beneficial bacteria, and changing soil function. Then, the composition of the root exudates from grafted plants was analyzed and the potential compounds responsible for decreasing pathogenic Agrobacterium abundance were identified. Based on quantitative measurement of the concentrations of the compounds and testing the impacts of supplied pure chemicals on abundance and chemotaxis of pathogenic Agrobacterium and potential beneficial bacteria, the decreased valine in root exudates of the plant grafted onto resistant rootstock was found to contribute to decreasing Agrobacterium abundance, enriching some potential beneficial bacteria and suppressing crown gall disease. This study provides insights into the mechanism whereby grafted plants suppress soil-borne disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Lusen Bian
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Qinghua Ma
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Ying Li
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Xinghong Wang
- National Permanent Scientific Research Base for Warm Temperate Zone Forestry of Jiulong Mountain, Experimental Center of Forestry in North China, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Chen CN, Liao CS, Tzou YM, Lin YT, Chang EH, Jien SH. Soil quality and microbial communities in subtropical slope lands under different agricultural management practices. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1242217. [PMID: 38260898 PMCID: PMC10800392 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1242217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Land degradation is a major threat to ecosystem. Long-term conventional farming practices can lead to severe soil degradation and a decline in crop productivity, which are challenging for both local and global communities. This study was conducted to clarify the responses on soil physicochemical properties and microbial communities to changes in farming practices. Slope land orchards under three agricultural management practices-conventional farming (CF), organic farming (OF), and ecofriendly farming (EFF)-were included in this study. We found that soil carbon stock increased by 3.6 and 5.1 times in surface soils (0-30 cm) under EFF and OF treatments, respectively. EFF and OF significantly increased the contents of total nitrogen by 0.33-0.46 g/kg, ammonia-N by 3.0-7.3 g/kg, and microbial biomass carbon by 0.56-1.04 g/kg but reduced those of pH by 0.6 units at least, and available phosphorous by 104-114 mg/kg. The application of phosphorous-containing herbicides and chemical fertilizers might increase the contents of phosphorous and nitrate in CF soil. High abundances of Acidobacteria and Actinobacteria were observed in EFF and OF soils, likely because of phosphorous deficiency in these soils. The abundance of fungi in OF soil indicated that plants' demand for available soil phosphorous induced the fungus-mediated mineralization of organic phosphorous. High abundances of Gammaproteobacteria, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, and Nitrospirae were observed in CF soil, possibly because of the regular use of herbicides containing phosphorous and chemical fertilizers containing high total nitrogen contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Nuo Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sen Liao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Tzou
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Te Lin
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Taiwan
| | - Ed-Haun Chang
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hao Jien
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Taiwan
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7
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Liu C, Han D, Yang H, Liu Z, Gao C, Liu Y. Effects of peach branch organic fertilizer on the soil microbial community in peach orachards. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1223420. [PMID: 37485500 PMCID: PMC10361838 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1223420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Peach branches is a by-product of peach industry. Making peach branch waste into peach branch organic fertilizer (PBOF) is a promising strategy of ecological utilization. In this study, the effects of PBOF on the yield and quality of peach fruit, chemical properties of bulk soil, and soil bacterial communities were investigated in a peach orchard. The results showed that the yield and sugar/acid ratio of two high-level PBOF treatments (SDH.4 and SKR.4) was higher than no fertilization treatment (CK), but there was no significant difference compared to the commercial organic fertilizer treatment (SYT.4). Moreover, the three fertilizer treatments increased soil nutrients such as soil organic matter (SOM) and available potassium (AK), compared to CK. Furthermore, PBOF increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, and enhanced the soil bacterial co-occurrence pattern and the potential function of bacterial communities to degrade exogenous compounds. In addition, thanks to the local policy of encouraging the use of PBOF, the use cost of PBOF is lower than commercial organic fertilizer, which is conducive to the development of ecological agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Liu
- College of Bioscience and Resources Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Defeng Han
- College of Bioscience and Resources Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhiling Liu
- College of Bioscience and Resources Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Chengda Gao
- College of Humanities and Urban-Rural Development, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yueping Liu
- College of Bioscience and Resources Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Northern Urban Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Hagh-Doust N, Mikryukov V, Anslan S, Bahram M, Puusepp R, Dulya O, Tedersoo L. Effects of nitrogen deposition on carbon and nutrient cycling along a natural soil acidity gradient as revealed by metagenomics. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:2607-2620. [PMID: 36949609 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition and soil acidification are environmental challenges affecting ecosystem functioning, health, and biodiversity, but their effects on functional genes are poorly understood. Here, we utilized metabarcoding and metagenomics to investigate the responses of soil functional genes to N deposition along a natural soil pH gradient. Soil N content was uncorrelated with pH, enabling us to investigate their effects separately. Soil acidity strongly and negatively affected the relative abundances of most cluster of orthologous gene categories of the metabolism supercategory. Similarly, soil acidity negatively affected the diversity of functional genes related to carbon and N but not phosphorus cycling. Multivariate analyses showed that soil pH was the most important factor affecting microbial and functional gene composition, while the effects of N deposition were less important. Relative abundance of KEGG functional modules related to different parts of the studied cycles showed variable responses to soil acidity and N deposition. Furthermore, our results suggested that the diversity-function relationship reported for other organisms also applies to soil microbiomes. Since N deposition and soil pH affected microbial taxonomic and functional composition to a different extent, we conclude that N deposition effects might be primarily mediated through soil acidification in forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Hagh-Doust
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Juhan Liivi 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Juhan Liivi 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vladimir Mikryukov
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Juhan Liivi 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Juhan Liivi 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sten Anslan
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Juhan Liivi 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Juhan Liivi 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mohammad Bahram
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Juhan Liivi 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ulls Väg 16, 75651, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rasmus Puusepp
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Juhan Liivi 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Olesya Dulya
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Juhan Liivi 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Juhan Liivi 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, Juhan Liivi 2, 50409, Tartu, Estonia
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Chen Y, Lv X, Qin Y, Zhang D, Zhang C, Song Z, Liu D, Jiang L, Huang B, Wang J. Effects of different botanical oil meal mixed with cow manure organic fertilizers on soil microbial community and function and tobacco yield and quality. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1191059. [PMID: 37303792 PMCID: PMC10248155 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1191059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The continuous application of cow manure in soil for many years leads to the accumulation of heavy metals, pathogenic microorganisms, and antibiotic resistance genes. Therefore, in recent years, cow manure has often been mixed with botanical oil meal as organic fertilizer applied to farmland to improve soil and crop quality. However, the effects of various botanical oil meal and cow manure mixed organic fertilizers on soil microbial composition, community structure, and function, tobacco yield, and quality remain unclear. Methods Therefore, we prepared organic manure via solid fermentation by mixing cow manure with different oil meals (soybean meal, rape meal, peanut bran, sesame meal). Then, we studied its effects on soil microbial community structure and function, physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, tobacco yield and quality; then we analyzed the correlations between these factors. Results and discussion Compared with cow manure alone, the four kinds of mixed botanical oil meal and cow manure improved the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco to different degrees. Peanut bran, which significantly improved the soil available phosphorus, available potassium, and NO3--N, was the best addition. Compared with cow manure alone, soil fungal diversity was significantly decreased when rape meal or peanut bran was combined with cow manure, while soil bacterial and fungal abundance was significantly increased when rape meal was added compared with soybean meal or peanut bran. The addition of different botanical oil meals significantly enriched the subgroup_7 and Spingomonas bacteria and Chaetomium and Penicillium fungi in the soil. The relative abundances of functional genes of xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, soil endophytic fungi, and wood saprotroph functional groups increased. In addition, alkaline phosphatase had the greatest effect on soil microorganisms, while NO3--N had the least effect on soil microorganisms. In conclusion, the mixed application of cow manure and botanical oil meal increased the available phosphorus and potassium contents in soil; enriched beneficial microorganisms; promoted the metabolic function of soil microorganisms; increased the yield and quality of tobacco; and improved the soil microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Chen
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaolin Lv
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanmin Qin
- Jiangxi Provincial Tobacco Company, Fuzhou, China
| | - Deping Zhang
- Guangxi Provincial Tobacco Company, Nanning, China
| | | | | | - Dongyang Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company Liangshanzhou Company, Liangshanzhou, China
| | - Lianqiang Jiang
- Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company Liangshanzhou Company, Liangshanzhou, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
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Zhang M, Wang K, Shi C, Li X, Qiu Z, Shi F. Responses of Fungal Assembly and Co-Occurrence Network of Rhizosphere Soil to Amaranthus palmeri Invasion in Northern China. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9050509. [PMID: 37233220 DOI: 10.3390/jof9050509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between invasive plants and soil microbial communities is critical for plant establishment. However, little is known about the assembly and co-occurrence patterns of fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of Amaranthus palmeri. The soil fungal communities and co-occurrence networks were investigated in 22 invaded patches and 22 native patches using high-throughput Illumina sequencing. Despite having little effect on alpha diversity, plant invasion significantly altered the composition of the soil fungal community (ANOSIM, p < 0.05). Fungal taxa associated with plant invasion were identified using linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe). In the rhizosphere soil of A. palmeri, Basidiomycota was significantly enriched, while Ascomycota and Glomeromycota were significantly reduced when compared to native plants. At the genus level, the invasion of A. palmeri dramatically increased the abundance of beneficial fungi and potential antagonists such as Dioszegia, Tilletiopsis, Colacogloea, and Chaetomium, while it significantly decreased the abundance of pathogenic fungi such as Alternaria and Phaeosphaeria. Plant invasion reduced the average degree and average path length, and increased the modularity value, resulting in a less complex but more effective and stable network. Our findings improved the knowledge of the soil fungal communities, network co-occurrence patterns, and keystone taxa in A. palmeri-invaded ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Kefan Wang
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Cong Shi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhenlu Qiu
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fuchen Shi
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Che J, Wu Y, Yang H, Wang S, Wu W, Lyu L, Li W. Long-term cultivation drives dynamic changes in the rhizosphere microbial community of blueberry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:962759. [PMID: 36212276 PMCID: PMC9539842 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.962759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rhizosphere microbial communities profoundly affect plant health, productivity, and responses to environmental stress. Thus, it is of great significance to comprehensively understand the response of root-associated microbes to planting years and the complex interactions between plants and rhizosphere microbes under long-term cultivation. Therefore, four rabbiteye blueberries (Vaccinium ashei Reade) plantations established in 1988, 2004, 2013, and 2017 were selected to obtain the dynamic changes and assembly mechanisms of rhizosphere microbial communities with the increase in planting age. Rhizosphere bacterial and fungal community composition and diversity were determined using a high-throughput sequencing method. The results showed that the diversity and structure of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere of blueberries differed significantly among planting ages. A total of 926 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the bacterial community and 219 OTUs in the fungal community were identified as the core rhizosphere microbiome of blueberry. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis revealed 36 and 56 distinct bacterial and fungal biomarkers, respectively. Topological features of co-occurrence network analysis showed greater complexity and more intense interactions in bacterial communities than in fungal communities. Soil pH is the main driver for shaping bacterial community structure, while available potassium is the main driver for shaping fungal community structure. In addition, the VPA results showed that edaphic factors and blueberry planting age contributed more to fungal community variations than bacterial community. Notably, ericoid mycorrhizal fungi were observed in cultivated blueberry varieties, with a marked increase in relative abundance with planting age, which may positively contribute to nutrient uptake and coping with environmental stress. Taken together, our study provides a basis for manipulating rhizosphere microbial communities to improve the sustainability of agricultural production during long-term cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilu Che
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqiong Wu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaoyi Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenlong Wu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Lianfei Lyu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing, China
| | - Weilin Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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Li Q. Perspectives on Converting Keratin-Containing Wastes Into Biofertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:918262. [PMID: 35794912 PMCID: PMC9251476 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.918262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratin-containing wastes become pollution to the environment if they are not treated properly. On the other hand, these wastes can be converted into value-added products applicable to many fields. Organic fertilizers and biofertilizers are important for sustainable agriculture by providing nutrients to enhance the growth speed of the plant and production. Keratin-containing wastes, therefore, will be an important resource to produce organic fertilizers. Many microorganisms exhibit capabilities to degrade keratins making them attractive to convert keratin-containing wastes into valuable products. In this review, the progress in microbial degradation of keratins is summarized. In addition, perspectives in converting keratin into bio- and organic fertilizers for agriculture are described. With proper treatment, feather wastes which are rich in keratin can be converted into high-value fertilizers to serve as nutrients for plants, reduce environmental pressure and improve the quality of the soil for sustainable agriculture.
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Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles by Mushrooms: A Crucial Dimension for Sustainable Soil Management. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14074328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Soil is the main component in the agroecosystem besides water, microbial communities, and cultivated plants. Several problems face soil, including soil pollution, erosion, salinization, and degradation on a global level. Many approaches have been applied to overcome these issues, such as phyto-, bio-, and nanoremediation through different soil management tools. Mushrooms can play a vital role in the soil through bio-nanoremediation, especially under the biological synthesis of nanoparticles, which could be used in the bioremediation process. This review focuses on the green synthesis of nanoparticles using mushrooms and the potential of bio-nanoremediation for polluted soils. The distinguished roles of mushrooms of soil improvement are considered a crucial dimension for sustainable soil management, which may include controlling soil erosion, improving soil aggregates, increasing soil organic matter content, enhancing the bioavailability of soil nutrients, and resorting to damaged and/or polluted soils. The field of bio-nanoremediation using mushrooms still requires further investigation, particularly regarding the sustainable management of soils.
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