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Warren-Walker D, Ravella SR, Gallagher J, Winters A, Charlton A, Bryant DN. Optimising parameters for pilot scale steam explosion and continuous pressurised disc refining of Miscanthus and sugarcane bagasse for xylose and xylo-oligosaccharide release. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 405:130932. [PMID: 38838831 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The first comparative pre-treatment study of Miscanthus (Mxg) and sugarcane bagasse (SCB) using steam explosion (SE) and pressurised disc refining (PDR) pretreatment to optimise xylose and xylo-oligosaccharide release is described. The current investigation aimed to 1) Develop optimised batch-wise steam explosion parameters for Mxg and SCB, 2) Scale from static batch steam explosion to dynamic continuous pressurised disc refining, 3) Identify, understand, and circumvent scale-up production hurdles. Optimised SE parameters released 82% (Mxg) and 100% (SCB) of the available xylan. Scaling to PDR, Miscanthus yielded 85% xylan, highlighting how robust scouting assessments for boundary process parameters can result in successful technical transfer. In contrast, SCB technical transfer was not straightforward, with significant differences observed between the two processes, 100% (SE) and 58% (PDR). This report underlines the importance of feedstock-specific pretreatment strategies to underpin process development, scale-up, and optimisation of carbohydrate release from biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Warren-Walker
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK.
| | - Sreenivas Rao Ravella
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Joe Gallagher
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Ana Winters
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK
| | - Adam Charlton
- The BioComposites Centre, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK
| | - David N Bryant
- Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK
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2
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Asefi S, Nouri H, Pourmohammadi G, Moghimi H. Comprehensive network of stress-induced responses in Zymomonas mobilis during bioethanol production: from physiological and molecular responses to the effects of system metabolic engineering. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:180. [PMID: 38890644 PMCID: PMC11186258 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02459-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, biofuels, especially bioethanol, are becoming increasingly popular as an alternative to fossil fuels. Zymomonas mobilis is a desirable species for bioethanol production due to its unique characteristics, such as low biomass production and high-rate glucose metabolism. However, several factors can interfere with the fermentation process and hinder microbial activity, including lignocellulosic hydrolysate inhibitors, high temperatures, an osmotic environment, and high ethanol concentration. Overcoming these limitations is critical for effective bioethanol production. In this review, the stress response mechanisms of Z. mobilis are discussed in comparison to other ethanol-producing microbes. The mechanism of stress response is divided into physiological (changes in growth, metabolism, intracellular components, and cell membrane structures) and molecular (up and down-regulation of specific genes and elements of the regulatory system and their role in expression of specific proteins and control of metabolic fluxes) changes. Systemic metabolic engineering approaches, such as gene manipulation, overexpression, and silencing, are successful methods for building new metabolic pathways. Therefore, this review discusses systems metabolic engineering in conjunction with systems biology and synthetic biology as an important method for developing new strains with an effective response mechanism to fermentation stresses during bioethanol production. Overall, understanding the stress response mechanisms of Z. mobilis can lead to more efficient and effective bioethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaqayeq Asefi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Nouri
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Golchehr Pourmohammadi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Moghimi
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Chen M, Wu B, Huang Y, Wang W, Zheng Y, Shabbir S, Liu P, Dai Y, Xia M, Hu G, He M. Transcription factor shapes chromosomal conformation and regulates gene expression in bacterial adaptation. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:5643-5657. [PMID: 38716861 PMCID: PMC11162768 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Genomic mutations allow bacteria to adapt rapidly to adverse stress environments. The three-dimensional conformation of the genome may also play an important role in transcriptional regulation and environmental adaptation. Here, using chromosome conformation capture, we investigate the high-order architecture of the Zymomonas mobilis chromosome in response to genomic mutation and ambient stimuli (acetic acid and furfural, derived from lignocellulosic hydrolysate). We find that genomic mutation only influences the local chromosome contacts, whereas stress of acetic acid and furfural restrict the long-range contacts and significantly change the chromosome organization at domain scales. Further deciphering the domain feature unveils the important transcription factors, Ferric uptake regulator (Fur) proteins, which act as nucleoid-associated proteins to promote long-range (>200 kb) chromosomal communications and regulate the expression of genes involved in stress response. Our work suggests that ubiquitous transcription factors in prokaryotes mediate chromosome organization and regulate stress-resistance genes in bacterial adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Chen
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Chengdu 610041, PR China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Bo Wu
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yuhuan Huang
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Chengdu 610041, PR China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Weiting Wang
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yudi Zheng
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Chengdu 610041, PR China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Samina Shabbir
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Panting Liu
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yonghua Dai
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Mengli Xia
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Guoquan Hu
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Mingxiong He
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Chengdu 610041, PR China
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Lechtenberg T, Wynands B, Müller MF, Polen T, Noack S, Wierckx N. Improving 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) tolerance of Pseudomonas taiwanensis VLB120 by automated adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE). Metab Eng Commun 2024; 18:e00235. [PMID: 38832093 PMCID: PMC11144800 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2024.e00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The aldehyde 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) is of great importance for a circular bioeconomy. It is a renewable platform chemical that can be converted into a range of useful compounds to replace petroleum-based products such as the green plastic monomer 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). However, it also exhibits microbial toxicity for example hindering the efficient biotechnological valorization of lignocellulosic hydrolysates. Thus, there is an urgent need for tolerance-improved organisms applicable to whole-cell biocatalysis. Here, we engineer an oxidation-deficient derivative of the naturally robust and emerging biotechnological workhorse P. taiwanensis VLB120 by robotics-assisted adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE). The deletion of HMF-oxidizing enzymes enabled for the first time evolution under constant selection pressure by the aldehyde, yielding strains with consistently improved growth characteristics in presence of the toxicant. Genome sequencing of evolved clones revealed loss-of function mutations in the LysR-type transcriptional regulator-encoding mexT preventing expression of the associated efflux pump mexEF-oprN. This knowledge allowed reverse engineering of strains with enhanced aldehyde tolerance, even in a background of active or overexpressed HMF oxidation machinery, demonstrating a synergistic effect of two distinct tolerance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Lechtenberg
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Benedikt Wynands
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Moritz-Fabian Müller
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Tino Polen
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Stephan Noack
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Nick Wierckx
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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Liu C, Choi B, Efimova E, Nygård Y, Santala S. Enhanced upgrading of lignocellulosic substrates by coculture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2024; 17:61. [PMID: 38711153 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-024-02510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock has a huge potential for biochemical production. Still, efficient utilization of hydrolysates derived from lignocellulose is challenged by their complex and heterogeneous composition and the presence of inhibitory compounds, such as furan aldehydes. Using microbial consortia where two specialized microbes complement each other could serve as a potential approach to improve the efficiency of lignocellulosic biomass upgrading. RESULTS This study describes the simultaneous inhibitor detoxification and production of lactic acid and wax esters from a synthetic lignocellulosic hydrolysate by a defined coculture of engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1. A. baylyi ADP1 showed efficient bioconversion of furan aldehydes present in the hydrolysate, namely furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and did not compete for substrates with S. cerevisiae, highlighting its potential as a coculture partner. Furthermore, the remaining carbon sources and byproducts of S. cerevisiae were directed to wax ester production by A. baylyi ADP1. The lactic acid productivity of S. cerevisiae was improved approximately 1.5-fold (to 0.41 ± 0.08 g/L/h) in the coculture with A. baylyi ADP1, compared to a monoculture of S. cerevisiae. CONCLUSION The coculture of yeast and bacterium was shown to improve the consumption of lignocellulosic substrates and the productivity of lactic acid from a synthetic lignocellulosic hydrolysate. The high detoxification capacity and the ability to produce high-value products by A. baylyi ADP1 demonstrates the strain to be a potential candidate for coculture to increase production efficiency and economics of S. cerevisiae fermentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changshuo Liu
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Hervanta Campus, Tampere, Finland
| | - Bohyun Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Industrial Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elena Efimova
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Hervanta Campus, Tampere, Finland
| | - Yvonne Nygård
- Department of Life Sciences, Industrial Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | - Suvi Santala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Hervanta Campus, Tampere, Finland.
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Yu Z, Xie C, Zhang Z, Huang Z, Zhou J, Wang C. Microbial fermentation and black soldier fly feeding to enhance maize straw degradation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141498. [PMID: 38382720 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
This study used an innovative synergistic microbial and insect approach to treat maize straw and kitchen waste substrates, including cyclic microbial fermentation and feeding of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) using the fermented substrate. Increasing cycle numbers led to significantly increased cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin degradation rates (DR) in the maize straw, which increased by 68.28%, 81.43% and 99.95%, respectively, compared to those in the blank group without frass addition. Moreover, according to the experimental results, it was revealed that the structure of lignocellulose, the composition and structure of the bacterial community in the BSFL gut and frass changed significantly after the addition of the previous cycle of frass treatment. Moreover, the differences in amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) between the gut and frass further increased. The relative abundances of Enterococcus and Actinobacteria in the gut and Gammaproteobacteria_unclassified and Dysgonomonas in the frass increased significantly, which may play a more positive role in lignocellulose degradation. In conclusion, this study showed that frass fermentation + BSFL feeding to degrade straw is a promising method and that frass fermentation is beneficial for the whole cycle. Furthermore, these findings underscore the beneficial impact of frass fermentation on the entire cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuojian Yu
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China; Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Chenyang Xie
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Zhiyi Zhang
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China; Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Zezhao Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
| | - Junfeng Zhou
- School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Xingfa School of Mining Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430073, PR China.
| | - Cunwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, PR China
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7
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Saengphing T, Sattayawat P, Kalawil T, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Yamada M, Panbangred W, Rodrussamee N. Improving furfural tolerance in a xylose-fermenting yeast Spathaspora passalidarum CMUWF1-2 via adaptive laboratory evolution. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:80. [PMID: 38481222 PMCID: PMC10936021 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02352-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spathaspora passalidarum is a yeast with the highly effective capability of fermenting several monosaccharides in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, especially xylose. However, this yeast was shown to be sensitive to furfural released during pretreatment and hydrolysis processes of lignocellulose biomass. We aimed to improve furfural tolerance in a previously isolated S. passalidarum CMUWF1-2, which presented thermotolerance and no detectable glucose repression, via adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE). RESULTS An adapted strain, AF2.5, was obtained from 17 sequential transfers of CMUWF1-2 in YPD broth with gradually increasing furfural concentration. Strain AF2.5 could tolerate higher concentrations of furfural, ethanol and 5-hydroxymethyl furfuraldehyde (HMF) compared with CMUWF1-2 while maintaining the ability to utilize glucose and other sugars simultaneously. Notably, the lag phase of AF2.5 was 2 times shorter than that of CMUWF1-2 in the presence of 2.0 g/l furfural, which allowed the highest ethanol titers to be reached in a shorter period. To investigate more in-depth effects of furfural, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was observed and, in the presence of 2.0 g/l furfural, AF2.5 exhibited 3.41 times less ROS accumulation than CMUWF1-2 consistent with the result from nuclear chromatins diffusion, which the cells number of AF2.5 with diffuse chromatins was also 1.41 and 1.24 times less than CMUWF1-2 at 24 and 36 h, respectively. CONCLUSIONS An enhanced furfural tolerant strain of S. passalidarum was achieved via ALE techniques, which shows faster and higher ethanol productivity than that of the wild type. Not only furfural tolerance but also ethanol and HMF tolerances were improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanyalak Saengphing
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Pachara Sattayawat
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Thitisuda Kalawil
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Suwannarach
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jaturong Kumla
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Mamoru Yamada
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
- Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Ube, 755-8611, Japan
- Research Center for Thermotolerant Microbial Resources, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, 753-8515, Japan
| | | | - Nadchanok Rodrussamee
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Sroka P, Tarko T, Duda A. The Impact of Furfural on the Quality of Meads. Molecules 2023; 29:29. [PMID: 38202612 PMCID: PMC10779583 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Furfural is a naturally occurring compound in bee honey, classified as a fermentation inhibitor. The aim of this study was to ascertain the concentration of furfural in mead worts, prepared at room temperature (unsaturated) and heated to boiling for 10 to 70 min (saturated), with an extract of 25 to 45°Brix. Moreover, the impact of the furfural on the fermentation course of mead wort was assessed. For this purpose, fermentation tests were conducted using mead wort (30°Brix) to which furfural was added at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 mg/L. HS-SPME-GC-TOF-MS analysis revealed that the furfural concentration in mead worts varied between 2.3 and 5.3 mg/L. In saturated worts, the concentration increased by 2.8 to 4.5 times. Acidification of mead wort prior to boiling led to further increase in furfural concentration. The greatest changes occurred in the least concentrated worts, having the lowest buffer capacity. The addition of furfural to the mead wort did not inhibit fermentation, and an increase in attenuation was observed in the samples containing 2 mg/L of furfural compared to the control. Throughout the fermentation most of the furfural was reduced to furfuryl alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Sroka
- Department of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Tarko
- Department of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 122, 30-149 Kraków, Poland;
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9
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Jilani SB, Olson DG. Mechanism of furfural toxicity and metabolic strategies to engineer tolerance in microbial strains. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:221. [PMID: 37891678 PMCID: PMC10612203 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02223-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass represents a carbon neutral cheap and versatile source of carbon which can be converted to biofuels. A pretreatment step is frequently used to make the lignocellulosic carbon bioavailable for microbial metabolism. Dilute acid pretreatment at high temperature and pressure is commonly utilized to efficiently solubilize the pentose fraction by hydrolyzing the hemicellulose fibers and the process results in formation of furans-furfural and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural-and other inhibitors which are detrimental to metabolism. The presence of inhibitors in the medium reduce productivity of microbial biocatalysts and result in increased production costs. Furfural is the key furan inhibitor which acts synergistically along with other inhibitors present in the hydrolysate. In this review, the mode of furfural toxicity on microbial metabolism and metabolic strategies to increase tolerance is discussed. Shared cellular targets between furfural and acetic acid are compared followed by discussing further strategies to engineer tolerance. Finally, the possibility to use furfural as a model inhibitor of dilute acid pretreated lignocellulosic hydrolysate is discussed. The furfural tolerant strains will harbor an efficient lignocellulosic carbon to pyruvate conversion mechanism in presence of stressors in the medium. The pyruvate can be channeled to any metabolite of interest by appropriate modulation of downstream pathway of interest. The aim of this review is to emphasize the use of hydrolysate as a carbon source for bioproduction of biofuels and other compounds of industrial importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bilal Jilani
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 15 Thayer Drive, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
| | - Daniel G Olson
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 15 Thayer Drive, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
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10
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Gares M, Benaissa A, Hiligsmann S, Cherfia R, Flahaut S, Alloun W, Djelid H, Chaoua S, Kacem Chaouche N. Box-Behnken design optimization of xylanase and cellulase production by Aspergillus fumigatus on Stipa tenacissima biomass. Mycologia 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37216583 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2023.2205331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Optimization of xylanase and cellulase production by a newly isolated Aspergillus fumigatus strain grown on Stipa tenacissima (alfa grass) biomass without pretreatment was carried out using a Box-Behnken design. First, the polysaccharides of dried and ground alfa grass were characterized using chemical methods (strong and diluted acid). The effect of substrate particle size on xylanase and carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) production by the selected and identified strain was then investigated. Thereafter, experiments were statistically planned with a Box-Behnken design to optimize initial pH, cultivation temperature, moisture content, and incubation period using alfa as sole carbon source. The effect of these parameters on the two enzyme production was evaluated using the response surface method. Analysis of variance was also carried out, and production of the enzymes was expressed using a mathematical equation depending on the influencing factors. The effects of individual, interaction, and square terms on production of both enzymes were represented using the nonlinear regression equations with significant R2 and P-values. Xylanase and CMCase production levels were enhanced by 25% and 27%, respectively. Thus, this study demonstrated for the first time the potential of alfa as a raw material to produce enzymes without any pretreatment. A set of parameter combinations was found to be effective for the production of xylanase and CMCase by A. fumigatus in an alfa-based solid-state fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroua Gares
- Laboratory of Mycology, Biotechnology and Microbial Activity, Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Brothers Mentouri, Constantine 25017, Algeria
| | - Akila Benaissa
- Drug and Sustainable Development Laboratory, Faculty of Process Engineering, University Salah Boubnider-Constantine 3, Constantine 25000, Algeria
| | - Serge Hiligsmann
- 3BIO-BioTech, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Av. F. Roosevelt 50, CP 165/61, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Radia Cherfia
- Laboratory of Mycology, Biotechnology and Microbial Activity, Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Brothers Mentouri, Constantine 25017, Algeria
| | - Sigrid Flahaut
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Interfaculty School of Bioengineers, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Wiem Alloun
- Laboratory of Mycology, Biotechnology and Microbial Activity, Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Brothers Mentouri, Constantine 25017, Algeria
| | - Hadjer Djelid
- Laboratory of Mycology, Biotechnology and Microbial Activity, Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Brothers Mentouri, Constantine 25017, Algeria
| | - Samah Chaoua
- Laboratory of Mycology, Biotechnology and Microbial Activity, Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Brothers Mentouri, Constantine 25017, Algeria
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Interfaculty School of Bioengineers, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Noreddine Kacem Chaouche
- Laboratory of Mycology, Biotechnology and Microbial Activity, Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Brothers Mentouri, Constantine 25017, Algeria
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Bianchini IDA, Jofre FM, Queiroz SDS, Lacerda TM, Felipe MDGDA. Relation of xylitol formation and lignocellulose degradation in yeast. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:3143-3151. [PMID: 37039848 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12495-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
One of the critical steps of the biotechnological production of xylitol from lignocellulosic biomass is the deconstruction of the plant cell wall. This step is crucial to the bioprocess once the solubilization of xylose from hemicellulose is allowed, which can be easily converted to xylitol by pentose-assimilating yeasts in a microaerobic environment. However, lignocellulosic toxic compounds formed/released during plant cell wall pretreatment, such as aliphatic acids, furans, and phenolic compounds, inhibit xylitol production during fermentation, reducing the fermentative performance of yeasts and impairing the bioprocess productivity. Although the toxicity of lignocellulosic inhibitors is one of the biggest bottlenecks of the biotechnological production of xylitol, most of the studies focus on how much xylitol production is inhibited but not how and where cells are affected. Understanding this mechanism is important in order to develop strategies to overcome lignocellulosic inhibitor toxicity. In this mini-review, we addressed how these inhibitors affect both yeast physiology and metabolism and consequently xylose-to-xylitol bioconversion. In addition, this work also addresses about cellular adaptation, one of the most relevant strategies to overcome lignocellulosic inhibitors toxicity, once it allows the development of robust and tolerant strains, contributing to the improvement of the microbial performance against hemicellulosic hydrolysates toxicity. KEY POINTS: • Impact of lignocellulosic inhibitors on the xylitol production by yeasts • Physiological and metabolic alterations provoked by lignocellulosic inhibitors • Cell adaptation as an efficient strategy to improve yeast's robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Italo de Andrade Bianchini
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, 100, Campinho, Lorena, SP, 12602-810, Brazil
| | - Fanny Machado Jofre
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, 100, Campinho, Lorena, SP, 12602-810, Brazil
| | - Sarah de Souza Queiroz
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, 100, Campinho, Lorena, SP, 12602-810, Brazil
| | - Talita Martins Lacerda
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, 100, Campinho, Lorena, SP, 12602-810, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças de Almeida Felipe
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, 100, Campinho, Lorena, SP, 12602-810, Brazil.
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He Y, Zhu X, Ning Y, Chen X, Sen B, Wang G. Saturated and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Production by Aurantiochytrium limacinum PKU#Mn4 on Enteromorpha Hydrolysate. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040198. [PMID: 37103338 PMCID: PMC10143273 DOI: 10.3390/md21040198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Thraustochytrids are unicellular marine heterotrophic protists, which have recently shown a promising ability to produce omega-3 fatty acids from lignocellulosic hydrolysates and wastewaters. Here we studied the biorefinery potential of the dilute acid-pretreated marine macroalgae (Enteromorpha) in comparison with glucose via fermentation using a previously isolated thraustochytrid strain (Aurantiochytrium limacinum PKU#Mn4). The total reducing sugars in the Enteromorpha hydrolysate accounted for 43.93% of the dry cell weight (DCW). The strain was capable of producing the highest DCW (4.32 ± 0.09 g/L) and total fatty acids (TFA) content (0.65 ± 0.03 g/L) in the medium containing 100 g/L of hydrolysate. The maximum TFA yields of 0.164 ± 0.160 g/g DCW and 0.196 ± 0.010 g/g DCW were achieved at 80 g/L of hydrolysate and 40 g/L of glucose in the fermentation medium, respectively. Compositional analysis of TFA revealed the production of equivalent fractions (% TFA) of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in hydrolysate or glucose medium. Furthermore, the strain yielded a much higher fraction (2.61-3.22%) of eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3) in the hydrolysate medium than that (0.25-0.49%) in the glucose medium. Overall, our findings suggest that Enteromorpha hydrolysate can be a potential natural substrate in the fermentative production of high-value fatty acids by thraustochytrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong He
- Center of Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Xingyu Zhu
- Center of Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yaodong Ning
- Center of Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Center of Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Biswarup Sen
- Center of Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Guangyi Wang
- Center of Marine Environmental Ecology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Qingdao Institute for Ocean Technology of Tianjin University Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266237, China
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Min Song H, Chan Joo J, Hyun Lim S, Jin Lim H, Lee S, Jae Park S. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates containing monomers conferring amorphous and elastomeric properties from renewable resources: Current status and future perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 366:128114. [PMID: 36283671 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Petrochemical-based plastics cause environmental pollution and threaten humans and ecosystems. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is considered a promising alternative to nondegradable plastics since it is eco-friendly and biodegradable polymer having similar properties to conventional plastics. PHA's material properties are generally determined by composition and type of monomers in PHA. PHA can be designed in tailor-made manner for their suitable application areas. Among many monomers in PHAs, ω-hydroxalkanoates such as 3-hydroxypropionate (3HP), 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB), 5-hydroxyvalerate (5HV), and 6-hydroxyhexanoate (6HHx) and medium-chain-length 3-hydroxyalkanoate such as 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx) and 4-hydroxyvalerate (4HV), have been examined as potential monomers able to confer amorphous and elastomer properties when these are incorporated as comonomer in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) copolymer that has 3HB as main monomer along with comonomers in different monomer fraction. Herein, recent advances in production of PHAs designed to have amorphous and elastomeric properties from renewable sources such as lignocellulose, levulinic acid, crude glycerol, and waste oil are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Min Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Joo
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hyun Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Siseon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Jae Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Ujor VC, Okonkwo CC. Microbial detoxification of lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates: Biochemical and molecular aspects, challenges, exploits and future perspectives. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1061667. [PMID: 36483774 PMCID: PMC9723337 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1061667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Valorization of lignocellulosic biomass (LB) has the potential to secure sustainable energy production without impacting food insecurity, whist relieving over reliance on finite fossil fuels. Agro-derived lignocellulosic residues such as wheat straw, switchgrass, rice bran, and miscanthus have gained relevance as feedstocks for the production of biofuels and chemicals. However, the microorganisms employed in fermentative conversion of carbohydrates to fuels and chemicals are unable to efficiently utilize the sugars derived from LB due to co-production of lignocellulose-derived microbial inhibitory compounds (LDMICs) during LB pretreatment. LDMICs impact microbial growth by inhibition of specific enzymes, cause DNA and cell membrane damage, and elicit cellular redox imbalance. Over the past decade, success has been achieved with the removal of LDMICs prior to fermentation. However, LDMICs removal by chemical processes is often accompanied by sugar losses, which negatively impacts the overall production cost. Hence, in situ removal of LDMICs by fermentative organisms during the fermentation process has garnered considerable attention as the "go-to" approach for economical LDMICs detoxification and bio-chemicals production. In situ removal of LDMICs has been pursued by either engineering more robust biocatalysts or isolating novel microbial strains with the inherent capacity to mineralize or detoxify LDMICs to less toxic compounds. While some success has been made along this line, efficient detoxification and robust production of target bio-chemicals in lignocellulosic hydrolysates (LHs) under largely anaerobic fermentative conditions remains a lingering challenge. Consequently, LB remains an underutilized substrate for bio-chemicals production. In this review, the impact of microbial LH detoxification on overall target molecule production is discussed. Further, the biochemical pathways and mechanisms employed for in situ microbial detoxification of furanic LDMICs [e.g., furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)] and phenolic LDMICs (e.g., syringaldehyde, p-coumaric acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillin, and ferulic acid) are discussed. More importantly, metabolic engineering strategies for the development of LDMIC-tolerant and bio-chemicals overproducing strains and processes are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor C. Ujor
- Metabolic Engineering and Fermentation Science Group, Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Christopher C. Okonkwo
- Biotechnology Program, College of Science, The Roux Institute, Northeastern University, Portland, ME, United States
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de Mello FDSB, Coradini ALV, Carazzolle MF, Maneira C, Furlan M, Pereira GAG, Teixeira GS. Genetic mapping of a bioethanol yeast strain reveals new targets for hydroxymethylfurfural- and thermotolerance. Microbiol Res 2022; 263:127138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Biochemical Methane Potential of a Biorefinery’s Process-Wastewater and its Components at Different Concentrations and Temperatures. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8100476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A sustainable circular bioeconomy requires the side streams and byproducts of biorefineries to be assimilated into bioprocesses to produce value-added products. The present study endeavored to utilize such a byproduct generated during the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural as a potential feedstock for biogas production. For this purpose, biochemical methane potential tests for the full process-wastewater, its components (5-hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, levulinic acid, and glycolic acid), together with furfural’s metabolites (furfuryl alcohol and furoic acid), and phenols (syringaldehyde, vanillin, and phenol), were conducted at mesophilic and thermophilic temperatures to assess their biodegradability and gas production kinetics. 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 g COD of the test components were added separately into assays containing 35 mL of inoculum. At their lowest concentrations, the test components, other than the process-wastewater, exhibited a stimulatory effect on methane production at 37 °C, whereas their increased concentrations returned a lower mean specific methane yield at either temperature. For similar component loads, the mesophilic assays outperformed the thermophilic assays for the mean measured specific methane yields. Components that impaired the anaerobic process with their elevated concentrations were phenol, vanillin, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Poor degradation of the process-wastewater was deduced to be linked to the considerable share of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in the process-wastewater governing its overall characteristics. With excessive recalcitrant components, it is recommended to use such waste streams and byproducts as a substrate for biogas plants operating at moderate temperatures, but at low rates.
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Zangiabadi M, Zhao Y. Synergistic Hydrolysis of Cellulose by a Blend of Cellulase-Mimicking Polymeric Nanoparticle Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17110-17119. [PMID: 36069714 PMCID: PMC10183977 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-like catalysts by design have been a long sought-after goal of chemists but difficult to realize due to the challenges in the construction of multifunctionalized active sites with accurately positioned catalytic groups for complex substrates. Hydrolysis of cellulose is a key step in biomass utilization and requires multiple enzymes to work in concert to overcome the difficulty associated with hydrolyzing the recalcitrant substrate. We here report methods to construct synthetic versions of these enzymes through covalent molecular imprinting and strategic postmodification of the imprinted sites. The synthetic catalysts cleave a cellulose chain endolytically at multiple positions or exolytically from the nonreducing end by one or three glucose units at a time, all using the dicarboxylic acid motif found in natural cellulases. By mimicking the endocellulase, exocellulase, and β-glucosidase, the synthetic catalysts hydrolyze cellulose in a synergistic manner, with an activity at 90 °C in pH 6.5 buffer more than doubled that of Aspergillus niger cellulase at pH 5 and 37 °C and 44% of that of a commercial cellulase blend (from Novozyme). As robust cross-linked polymeric nanoparticles, the synthetic catalysts showed little changes in activity after preheating at 90 °C for 3 days and could be reused, maintaining 76% of activity after 10 reaction cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Zangiabadi
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, United States
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18
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Ayoub N, Toufaily J, Guénin E, Enderlin G. Metal vs. Metal-Free Catalysts for Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and Levoglucosenone to Biosourced Chemicals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102606. [PMID: 35073445 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic feedstocks, such as forestry biomass and agricultural crop residues, can be utilized to generate biofuels and biochemicals. Converting these organic waste materials into biochemicals is widely regarded as a remedial approach to develop a sustainable, clean, and green energy source. Nevertheless, are these methods sustainable and clean? Prior studies have shown that most such conversions use metals - including heavy metals or noble metals - as catalysts. In addition to the fact that many metals (e. g., aluminum, cobalt, titanium, platinum) have been listed as critical minerals, these methods suffer from high cost, deactivation, and leakage problems and the release of toxic wastes. This Review summarizes catalytic methods using metal and metal-free catalysts for the oxidation of the platform molecules 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and levoglucosenone and demonstrates the potential and effectiveness of metal-free catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim Ayoub
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, ESCOM, TIMR (Integrated Transformations of Renewable Matter), Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319 - 60 203, Compiègne Cedex
| | - Joumana Toufaily
- Laboratoire de Matériaux, Catalyse, Environnement et Méthodes analytiques (MCEMA-CHAMSI), EDST Université Libanaise, Campus Rafic Hariri, Hadath, Beyrouth, Lebanon
| | - Erwann Guénin
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, ESCOM, TIMR (Integrated Transformations of Renewable Matter), Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319 - 60 203, Compiègne Cedex
| | - Gérald Enderlin
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, ESCOM, TIMR (Integrated Transformations of Renewable Matter), Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60 319 - 60 203, Compiègne Cedex
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Mota MN, Múgica P, Sá-Correia I. Exploring Yeast Diversity to Produce Lipid-Based Biofuels from Agro-Forestry and Industrial Organic Residues. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8070687. [PMID: 35887443 PMCID: PMC9315891 DOI: 10.3390/jof8070687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploration of yeast diversity for the sustainable production of biofuels, in particular biodiesel, is gaining momentum in recent years. However, sustainable, and economically viable bioprocesses require yeast strains exhibiting: (i) high tolerance to multiple bioprocess-related stresses, including the various chemical inhibitors present in hydrolysates from lignocellulosic biomass and residues; (ii) the ability to efficiently consume all the major carbon sources present; (iii) the capacity to produce lipids with adequate composition in high yields. More than 160 non-conventional (non-Saccharomyces) yeast species are described as oleaginous, but only a smaller group are relatively well characterised, including Lipomyces starkeyi, Yarrowia lipolytica, Rhodotorula toruloides, Rhodotorula glutinis, Cutaneotrichosporonoleaginosus and Cutaneotrichosporon cutaneum. This article provides an overview of lipid production by oleaginous yeasts focusing on yeast diversity, metabolism, and other microbiological issues related to the toxicity and tolerance to multiple challenging stresses limiting bioprocess performance. This is essential knowledge to better understand and guide the rational improvement of yeast performance either by genetic manipulation or by exploring yeast physiology and optimal process conditions. Examples gathered from the literature showing the potential of different oleaginous yeasts/process conditions to produce oils for biodiesel from agro-forestry and industrial organic residues are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta N. Mota
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Múgica
- BIOREF—Collaborative Laboratory for Biorefineries, Rua da Amieira, Apartado 1089, São Mamede de Infesta, 4465-901 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Isabel Sá-Correia
- iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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A Vibrio-based microbial platform for accelerated lignocellulosic sugar conversion. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:58. [PMID: 35614459 PMCID: PMC9134653 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Owing to increasing concerns about climate change and the depletion of fossil fuels, the development of efficient microbial processes for biochemical production from lignocellulosic biomass has been a key issue. Because process efficiency is greatly affected by the inherent metabolic activities of host microorganisms, it is essential to utilize a microorganism that can rapidly convert biomass-derived sugars. Here, we report a novel Vibrio-based microbial platform that can rapidly and simultaneously consume three major lignocellulosic sugars (i.e., glucose, xylose, and arabinose) faster than any previously reported microorganisms. Results The xylose isomerase pathway was constructed in Vibrio sp. dhg, which naturally displays high metabolic activities on glucose and arabinose but lacks xylose catabolism. Subsequent adaptive laboratory evolution significantly improved xylose catabolism of initial strain and led to unprecedently high growth and sugar uptake rate (0.67 h−1 and 2.15 g gdry cell weight−1 h−1, respectively). Furthermore, we achieved co-consumption of the three sugars by deletion of PtsG and introduction of GalP. We validated its superior performance and applicability by demonstrating efficient lactate production with high productivity (1.15 g/L/h) and titer (83 g/L). Conclusions In this study, we developed a Vibrio-based microbial platform with rapid and simultaneous utilization of the three major sugars from lignocellulosic biomass by applying an integrated approach of rational and evolutionary engineering. We believe that the developed strain can be broadly utilized to accelerate the production of diverse biochemicals from lignocellulosic biomass. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13068-022-02157-3.
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Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Wheat Straw—Evaluating the Effect of Substrate Disintegration on the Digestibility in Anaerobic Digestion. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10061048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand for renewable energy sources and demand-oriented electricity provision makes anaerobic digestion (AD) one of the most promising technologies. In addition to energy crops, the use of lignocellulosic residual and waste materials from agriculture is becoming increasingly important. However, AD of such feedstocks is often associated with difficulties due to the high content of lignocellulose and its microbial persistence. In the present work, the effect of hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) on the digestibility of wheat straw is investigated and evaluated. Under different HTP temperatures (160–180 °C) and retention times (15–45 min), a significant increase in biomethane potential (BMP) can be observed in all cases. The highest BMP (309.64 mL CH4 g−1 volatile solid (VS) is achieved after pretreatment at 160 °C for 45 min, which corresponds to an increase of 19% of untreated wheat straw. The results of a multiple linear regression model show that the solubilization of organic materials is influenced by temperature and time. Furthermore, using two different first-order kinetic models, an enhancement of AD rate during hydrolysis due to pretreatment is observed. However, the increasing intensity of pretreatment conditions is accompanied by a decreasing trend in the conversion of intermediates to methane.
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22
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Mattam AJ, Chaudhari YB, Velankar HR. Factors regulating cellulolytic gene expression in filamentous fungi: an overview. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:44. [PMID: 35317826 PMCID: PMC8939176 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing demand for biofuels such as bioethanol has led to the need for identifying alternative feedstock instead of conventional substrates like molasses, etc. Lignocellulosic biomass is a relatively inexpensive feedstock that is available in abundance, however, its conversion to bioethanol involves a multistep process with different unit operations such as size reduction, pretreatment, saccharification, fermentation, distillation, etc. The saccharification or enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose involves a complex family of enzymes called cellulases that are usually fungal in origin. Cellulose hydrolysis requires the synergistic action of several classes of enzymes, and achieving the optimum secretion of these simultaneously remains a challenge. The expression of fungal cellulases is controlled by an intricate network of transcription factors and sugar transporters. Several genetic engineering efforts have been undertaken to modulate the expression of cellulolytic genes, as well as their regulators. This review, therefore, focuses on the molecular mechanism of action of these transcription factors and their effect on the expression of cellulases and hemicellulases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Jose Mattam
- Hindustan Petroleum Green R and D Centre (HPGRDC), KIADB Industrial Area, Tarabanahalli, Devanagundi, Hoskote, Bangalore, 560067, India
| | - Yogesh Babasaheb Chaudhari
- Hindustan Petroleum Green R and D Centre (HPGRDC), KIADB Industrial Area, Tarabanahalli, Devanagundi, Hoskote, Bangalore, 560067, India
| | - Harshad Ravindra Velankar
- Hindustan Petroleum Green R and D Centre (HPGRDC), KIADB Industrial Area, Tarabanahalli, Devanagundi, Hoskote, Bangalore, 560067, India.
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23
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Battista F, Zuliani L, Rizzioli F, Fusco S, Bolzonella D. Biodiesel, biogas and fermentable sugars production from Spent coffee Grounds: A cascade biorefinery approach. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 342:125952. [PMID: 34563824 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spent coffee grounds are rich in high-value compounds, such as saturate and unsaturated fatty acids, and polysaccharides. Therefore, this work investigated a cascade biorefinery to produce: i) biodiesel from coffee oils, ii) cellulose- and hemicellulose-derived fermentable sugars and iii) biomethane from the residual solid fraction after sugars extraction. Transesterification reached the best performances of 86% w/w of fatty acid methyl esters using 1:8 coffee oil/methanol ratio and 2% w/w of KOH as catalyst. The use of glycerol for the pretreatment of spent coffee grounds allowed the internal circulation of a process leftover from transesterification; thus, avoiding the use of clean water. In the best conditions, the total released fermentable sugars were about 40-50% (w/w) on dry weight basis. The low content of easily degradable compounds led to a low methane production of 50 LCH4/kgVS, indicating the need to search for better performing alternatives to close the biorefinery loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Battista
- Chemical, Environment and Bioprocesses Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Luca Zuliani
- Biochemistry and Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Fabio Rizzioli
- Chemical, Environment and Bioprocesses Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Salvatore Fusco
- Biochemistry and Industrial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - David Bolzonella
- Chemical, Environment and Bioprocesses Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
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Progress in the Production of Biogas from Maize Silage after Acid-Heat Pretreatment. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14238018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the most effective technologies involving the use of lignocellulosic biomass is the production of biofuels, including methane-rich biogas. In order to increase the amount of gas produced, it is necessary to optimize the fermentation process, for example, by substrate pretreatment. The present study aimed to analyze the coupled effects of microwave radiation and the following acids: phosphoric(V) acid (H3PO4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and sulfuric(VI) acid (H2SO4), on the destruction of a lignocellulosic complex of maize silage biomass and its susceptibility to anaerobic degradation in the methane fermentation process. The study compared the effects of plant biomass (maize silage) disintegration using microwave and conventional heating; the criterion differentiating experimental variants was the dose of acid used, i.e., 10% H3PO4, 10% HCl, and 10% H2SO4 in doses of 0.02, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.40 g/gTS. Microwave heating caused a higher biogas production in the case of all acids tested (HCl, H2SO4, H3PO4). The highest biogas volume, exceeding 1800 L/kgVS, was produced in the variant with HCl used at a dose of 0.4 g/gTS.
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Kim JR, Karthikeyan KG. Effects of severe pretreatment conditions and lignocellulose-derived furan byproducts on anaerobic digestion of dairy manure. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125632. [PMID: 34332440 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Dairy manure subjected to four pretreatments (acid, alkaline, sulfite (SPORL), alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP)) at high chemical dosages (termed severe conditions) were evaluated for enhancements in biogas production and inhibitory effects due to concomitant generation of furan byproducts. All four pretreatments enhanced solubilization of carbohydrates, but only alkaline and AHP resulted in higher methane yield (356 and 333 mL/g-VS, respectively) relative to moderate pretreatment conditions (311 and 261 mL/g-VS, respectively). Methane yield of severe-SPORL pretreatment (233 mL/g-VS) was greater than that of untreated manure (116 mL/g-VS), but lower than that of moderate-SPORL (353 mL/g-VS). Severe-acid pretreatment showed early termination in biogas production likely due to inhibitory effects of furfural and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural. Both experimental data and kinetic modeling indicated that severe-acid pretreatment led to degradation of carbohydrates to furfural, which reduced biogas production due to direct toxicity rather than competitive inhibitory effects. Pretreatment conditions (severity and byproduct levels) for dairy manure biomass may be optimized based on the current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonrae Roger Kim
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 460 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, United States
| | - K G Karthikeyan
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 460 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, United States.
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Zhou Z, Zhou H, Zhang J. Development of wheat bran hydrolysate as Komagataella phaffii medium for heterologous protein production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:2645-2654. [PMID: 34468865 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02633-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Developing a Komagataella phaffii (K. phaffii, named as Pichia pastoris formerly) medium using wheat bran hydrolysate (WBH) is a potential approach for wheat bran utilization and heterologous protein by K. phaffii because K. phaffii is used as protein producer by researchers and engineers widely. In this research, the detoxification process of WBH was optimized to obtain the final procedure as pH adjusting to 10 by calcium hydroxide addition, then, 2.0 g/L active carbon absorption followed by 1 h shaking and 3,600 × g centrifugation for 10 min, finally, 3.75 mmol/L sodium thiosulfate addition for 10 min shaking followed by 3,600 × g centrifugation for 10 min. Recombinant K. phaffii-xynB harboring xylanase B gene from Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015 under alcohol oxidase 1 promoter (PAOX1) was cultivated in detoxified WBH expressing 1059.8 U/mL xylanase B which was 90.9% of that in complex medium from Pichia protocols. These researches built a solid base for detoxified WBH as a low-cost medium of K. phaffii to express heterologous protein, also provided a bright outlet for wheat bran utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Food Rapid Detection, Institute of Food Science and Engineering, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - Hualan Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Food Rapid Detection, Institute of Food Science and Engineering, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Food Rapid Detection, Institute of Food Science and Engineering, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, People's Republic of China.
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Brandt BA, García-Aparicio MDP, Görgens JF, van Zyl WH. Rational engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae towards improved tolerance to multiple inhibitors in lignocellulose fermentations. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:173. [PMID: 34454598 PMCID: PMC8403374 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02021-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fermentation of lignocellulose hydrolysates to ethanol requires robust xylose-capable Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains able to operate in the presence of microbial inhibitory stresses. This study aimed at developing industrial S. cerevisiae strains with enhanced tolerance towards pretreatment-derived microbial inhibitors, by identifying novel gene combinations that confer resistance to multiple inhibitors (thus cumulative inhibitor resistance phenotype) with minimum impact on the xylose fermentation ability. The strategy consisted of multiple sequential delta-integrations of double-gene cassettes containing one gene conferring broad inhibitor tolerance (ARI1, PAD1 or TAL1) coupled with an inhibitor-specific gene (ADH6, FDH1 or ICT1). The performances of the transformants were compared with the parental strain in terms of biomass growth, ethanol yields and productivity, as well as detoxification capacities in a synthetic inhibitor cocktail, sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate as well as hardwood spent sulphite liquor. RESULTS The first and second round of delta-integrated transformants exhibited a trade-off between biomass and ethanol yield. Transformants showed increased inhibitor resistance phenotypes relative to parental controls specifically in fermentations with concentrated spent sulphite liquors at 40% and 80% v/v concentrations in 2% SC media. Unexpectedly, the xylose fermentation capacity of the transformants was reduced compared to the parental control, but certain combinations of genes had a minor impact (e.g. TAL1 + FDH1). The TAL1 + ICT1 combination negatively impacted on both biomass growth and ethanol yield, which could be linked to the ICT1 protein increasing transformant susceptibility to weak acids and temperature due to cell membrane changes. CONCLUSIONS The integration of the selected genes was proven to increase tolerance to pretreatment inhibitors in synthetic or industrial hydrolysates, but they were limited to the fermentation of glucose. However, some gene combination sequences had a reduced impact on xylose conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca A Brandt
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Maria D P García-Aparicio
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Johann F Görgens
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
| | - Willem H van Zyl
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa.
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Liquid Hot Water Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass at Lab and Pilot Scale. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid hot water pretreatment is considered to be a promising method for increasing biomass digestibility due to the moderate operational conditions without chemical additions. A necessary step towards the scalability of this pretreatment process is performing pilot plant trials. Upscaling was evaluated with a scaling factor of 500, by using 50 mL in the laboratory and 25 L in a pilot plant batch reactor. Pretreatment times were varied from 30 to 240 min, and temperatures used were 180–188 °C, while applying similar heating profiles at both scales. The initial mass fraction of poplar wood chips ranged from 10% to 16%. Liquid hot water pretreatment at laboratory and pilot scale led to analogous results. The acetic acid analysis of the liquid and solid fractions obtained after pretreatment indicated that complete deacetylation of poplar biomass can be achieved.
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Stress modulation as a means to improve yeasts for lignocellulose bioconversion. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:4899-4918. [PMID: 34097119 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11383-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The second-generation (2G) fermentation environment for lignocellulose conversion presents unique challenges to the fermentative organism that do not necessarily exist in other industrial fermentations. While extreme osmotic, heat, and nutrient starvation stresses are observed in sugar- and starch-based fermentation environments, additional pre-treatment-derived inhibitor stress, potentially exacerbated by stresses such as pH and product tolerance, exist in the 2G environment. Furthermore, in a consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) context, the organism is also challenged to secrete enzymes that may themselves lead to unfolded protein response and other stresses. This review will discuss responses of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to 2G-specific stresses and stress modulation strategies that can be followed to improve yeasts for this application. We also explore published -omics data and discuss relevant rational engineering, reverse engineering, and adaptation strategies, with the view of identifying genes or alleles that will make positive contributions to the overall robustness of 2G industrial strains. KEYPOINTS: • Stress tolerance is a key driver to successful application of yeast strains in biorefineries. • A wealth of data regarding stress responses has been gained through omics studies. • Integration of this knowledge could inform engineering of fit for purpose strains.
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Donoso RA, González-Toro F, Pérez-Pantoja D. Widespread distribution of hmf genes in Proteobacteria reveals key enzymes for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural conversion. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:2160-2169. [PMID: 33995910 PMCID: PMC8091172 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Furans represent a class of promising chemicals, since they constitute valuable intermediates in conversion of biomass into sustainable products intended to replace petroleum-derivatives. Conversely, generation of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) as by-products in lignocellulosic hydrolysates is undesirable due its inhibitory effect over fermentative microorganisms. Therefore, the search for furans-metabolizing bacteria has gained increasing attention since they are valuable tools to solve these challenging issues. A few bacterial species have been described at genetic level, leading to a proposed HMF pathway encoded by a set of genes termed hmf/psf, although some enzymatic functions are still elusive. In this work we performed a genomic analysis of major subunits of furoyl-CoA dehydrogenase orthologues, revealing that the furoic acid catabolic route, key intermediate in HMF biodegradation, is widespread in proteobacterial species. Additionally, presence/absence profiles of hmf/psf genes in selected proteobacterial strains suggest parallel and/or complementary roles of enzymes with previously unclear function that could be key in HMF conversion. The furans utilization pattern of selected strains harboring different hmf/psf gene sets provided additional support for bioinformatic predictions of the relevance of some enzymes. On the other hand, at least three different types of transporter systems are clustered with hmf/psf genes, whose presence is mutually exclusive, suggesting a core and parallel role in furans transport in Proteobacteria. This study expands the number of bacteria that could be recruited in biotechnological processes for furans biodetoxification and predicts a core set of genes required to establish a functional HMF pathway in heterologous hosts for metabolic engineering endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl A. Donoso
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PIDi), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabián González-Toro
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PIDi), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Danilo Pérez-Pantoja
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PIDi), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
- Corresponding author.
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Anaerobic Degradation of Individual Components from 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Process-Wastewater in Continuously Operated Fixed Bed Reactors. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9040677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of bio-based materials in biorefineries is coupled with the generation of organic-rich process-wastewater that requires further management. Anaerobic technologies can be employed as a tool for the rectification of such hazardous by-products. Therefore, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural process-wastewater and its components were investigated for their biodegradability in a continuous anaerobic process. The test components included 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, levulinic acid, and the full process-wastewater. Each component was injected individually into a continuously operating anaerobic filter at a concentration of 0.5 gCOD. On the basis of large discrepancies within the replicates for each component, we classified their degradation into the categories of “delayed”, “retarded”, and “inhibitory”. Inhibitory represented the replicates for all the test components that hampered the process. For the retarded degradation, their mean methane yield per 0.5 gCOD was between 21.31 ± 13.04 mL and 28.98 ± 25.38 mL. Delayed digestion was considered adequate for further assessments in which the order of conversion to methane according to specific methane yield for each component from highest to lowest was as follows: levulinic acid > furfural > 5-hydroxymethylfurfural > process-wastewater. Disparities and inconsistencies in the degradation of process-wastewater and its components can compromise process stability as a whole. Hence, the provision of energy with such feedstock is questionable.
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Variable and dose-dependent response of Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts toward lignocellulosic hydrolysate inhibitors. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:575-586. [PMID: 33825150 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic hydrolysates will also contain compounds that inhibit microbial metabolism, such as organic acids, furaldehydes, and phenolic compounds. Understanding the response of yeasts toward such inhibitors is important to the development of different bioprocesses. In this work, the growth capacity of 7 industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae and 7 non-Saccharomyces yeasts was compared in the presence of 3 different concentrations of furaldehydes (furfural and 5-hydroxymetil-furfural), organic acids (acetic and formic acids), and phenolic compounds (vanillin, syringaldehyde, ferulic, and coumaric acids). Then, Candida tropicalis JA2, Meyerozyma caribbica JA9, Wickerhamomyces anomalus 740, S. cerevisiae JP1, B1.1, and G06 were selected for fermentation in presence of acetic acid, HMF, and vanillin because they proved to be most tolerant to the tested compounds, while Spathaspora sp. JA1 because its xylose consumption rate. The results obtained showed a dose-dependent response of the yeasts toward the eight different inhibitors. Among the compared yeasts, S. cerevisiae strains presented higher tolerance than non-Saccharomyces, 3 of them with the highest tolerance among all. Regarding the non-Saccharomyces yeasts, C. tropicalis JA2 and W. anomalus 740 appeared as the most tolerant, whereas Spathaspora strains appeared very sensitive to the different compounds.
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Liu C, Wang C, Yao H, Chapman SJ. Pretreatment is an important method for increasing the conversion efficiency of rice straw by black soldier fly larvae based on the function of gut microorganisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:144118. [PMID: 33360472 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rice straw is considered as a renewable biomass energy source and its efficient utilization is still a topic worthy of attention. Black soldier fly larvae, Hermetia illucens (L.), (Diptera: Stratiomydiae) is a kind of saprophytic insect, which can effectively digest organic wastes. Here we report that alkaline peroxide-pretreatment improves the digestion of rice straw by these larvae, especially the decomposition of cellulose, which was at 70.9% compared to 58.2% without pretreatment. After conversion, the effective conversion rates of rice straw to larvae were 10.7% and 11.4%, for raw rice straw and rice straw with pretreatment, respectively. With pretreatment the composition of larval gut microorganisms was altered where Actinomyces, Dysgonomonas, Devosia and Pelagibacterium were the dominant flora for digesting rice straw. In addition, metabolism, environmental information processing and genetic information processing were the major gut microbial functions. These findings demonstrate that chemical pretreatment for the removal of lignin and hemicellulose was an effective measure for the digestion and consumption of rice straw by black soldier fly larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuncheng Liu
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology of Hubei Province, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiying Yao
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Over the last decades, the constant growth of the world-wide industry has been leading to more and more concerns with its direct impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Resulting from that, rising efforts have been dedicated to a global transition from an oil-based industry to cleaner biotechnological processes. A specific example refers to the production of bioethanol to substitute the traditional transportation fuels. Bioethanol has been produced for decades now, mainly from energy crops, but more recently, also from lignocellulosic materials. Aiming to improve process economics, the fermentation of very high gravity (VHG) mediums has for long received considerable attention. Nowadays, with the growth of multi-waste valorization frameworks, VHG fermentation could be crucial for bioeconomy development. However, numerous obstacles remain. This work initially presents the main aspects of a VHG process, giving then special emphasis to some of the most important factors that traditionally affect the fermentation organism, such as nutrients depletion, osmotic stress, and ethanol toxicity. Afterwards, some factors that could possibly enable critical improvements in the future on VHG technologies are discussed. Special attention was given to the potential of the development of new fermentation organisms, nutritionally complete culture media, but also on alternative process conditions and configurations.
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Konzock O, Zaghen S, Norbeck J. Tolerance of Yarrowia lipolytica to inhibitors commonly found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:77. [PMID: 33685391 PMCID: PMC7938539 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic material is a suitable renewable carbon and energy source for microbial cell factories, such as Yarrowia lipolytica. To be accessible for microorganisms, the constituent sugars need to be released in a hydrolysis step, which as a side effect leads to the formation of various inhibitory compounds. However, the effects of these inhibitory compounds on the growth of Y. lipolytica have not been thoroughly investigated. RESULTS Here we show the individual and combined effect of six inhibitors from three major inhibitor groups on the growth of Y. lipolytica. We engineered a xylose consuming strain by overexpressing the three native genes XR, XDH, and XK and found that the inhibitor tolerance of Y. lipolytica is similar in glucose and in xylose. Aromatic compounds could be tolerated at high concentrations, while furfural linearly increased the lag phase of the cultivation, and hydroxymethylfurfural only inhibited growth partially. The furfural induced increase in lag phase can be overcome by an increased volume of inoculum. Formic acid only affected growth at concentrations above 25 mM. In a synthetic hydrolysate, formic acid, furfural, and coniferyl aldehyde were identified as the major growth inhibitors. CONCLUSION We showed the individual and combined effect of inhibitors found in hydrolysate on the growth of Y. lipolytica. Our study improves understanding of the growth limiting inhibitors found in hydrolysate and enables a more targeted engineering approach to increase the inhibitor tolerance of Y. lipolytica. This will help to improve the usage of Y. lipolytica as a sustainable microbial cell factory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Konzock
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Simone Zaghen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Joakim Norbeck
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Biocatalytic Transformation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5-di(hydroxymethyl)furan by a Newly Isolated Fusarium striatum Strain. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11020216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The compound 2,5-di(hydroxymethyl)furan (DHMF) is a high-value chemical block that can be synthesized from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a platform chemical that results from the dehydration of biomass-derived carbohydrates. In this work, the HMF biotransformation capability of different Fusarium species was evaluated, and F. striatum was selected to produce DHMF. The effects of the inoculum size, glucose concentration and pH of the media over DHMF production were evaluated by a 23 factorial design. A substrate feeding approach was found suitable to overcome the toxicity effect of HMF towards the cells when added at high concentrations (>75 mM). The process was successfully scaled-up at bioreactor scale (1.3 L working volume) with excellent DHMF production yields (95%) and selectivity (98%). DHMF was purified from the reaction media with high recovery and purity by organic solvent extraction with ethyl acetate.
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Effect of microaeration on cell growth and glucose/xylose fermentation of Kluyveromyces marxianus from the imitate lignocellulosic-derived hydrolysate. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Paes BG, Steindorff AS, Formighieri EF, Pereira IS, Almeida JRM. Physiological characterization and transcriptome analysis of Pichia pastoris reveals its response to lignocellulose-derived inhibitors. AMB Express 2021; 11:2. [PMID: 33389238 PMCID: PMC7779389 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01170-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The negative effects of lignocellulose-derived inhibitors such as acetic acid and furaldehydes on microbial metabolism constitute a significant drawback to the usage of biomass feedstocks for the production of fuels and chemicals. The yeast Pichia pastoris has shown a great biotechnological potential for producing heterologous proteins and renewable chemicals. Despite its relevance, the performance of P. pastoris in presence of lignocellulose-derived inhibitors remains unclear. In this work, our results show for the first time the dose-dependent response of P. pastoris to acetic acid, furaldehydes (HMF and furfural), and sugarcane biomass hydrolysate, both at physiological and transcriptional levels. The yeast was able to grow in synthetic media with up to 6 g.L-1 acetic acid, 1.75 g.L-1 furaldehydes or hydrolysate diluted to 10% (v/v). However, its metabolism was completely hindered in presence of hydrolysate diluted to 30% (v/v). Additionally, the yeast was capable to co-consume acetic acid and glucose. At the transcriptional level, P. pastoris response to lignocellulose-derived inhibitors relays on the up-regulation of genes related to transmembrane transport, oxidoreductase activities, RNA processing, and the repression of pathways related to biosynthetic processes and central carbon metabolism. These results demonstrate a polygenetic response that involves detoxification activities, and maintenance of energy and cellular homeostasis. In this context, ALD4, OYE3, QOR2, NTL100, YCT1, and PPR1 were identified as target genes to improve P. pastoris tolerance. Altogether, this work provides valuable insights into the P. pastoris stress tolerance, which can be useful to expand its use in different bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara G Paes
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Embrapa Agroenergia, Parque Estação Biológica, PqEB - W3 Norte Final s/no, Brasília, DF, 70.770-901, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Molecular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Andrei Stecca Steindorff
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Embrapa Agroenergia, Parque Estação Biológica, PqEB - W3 Norte Final s/no, Brasília, DF, 70.770-901, Brazil
| | - Eduardo F Formighieri
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Embrapa Agroenergia, Parque Estação Biológica, PqEB - W3 Norte Final s/no, Brasília, DF, 70.770-901, Brazil
| | - Ildinete Silva Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Embrapa Agroenergia, Parque Estação Biológica, PqEB - W3 Norte Final s/no, Brasília, DF, 70.770-901, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Molecular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - João Ricardo M Almeida
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Embrapa Agroenergia, Parque Estação Biológica, PqEB - W3 Norte Final s/no, Brasília, DF, 70.770-901, Brazil.
- Graduate Program of Microbial Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil.
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Chen D, Cang R, Zhang ZD, Huang H, Zhang ZG, Ji XJ. Efficient reduction of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2, 5-bis (hydroxymethyl) furan by a fungal whole-cell biocatalyst. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.111341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rajesh RO, Godan TK, Sindhu R, Pandey A, Binod P. Bioengineering advancements, innovations and challenges on green synthesis of 2, 5-furan dicarboxylic acid. Bioengineered 2020; 11:19-38. [PMID: 31880190 PMCID: PMC6961589 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2019.1700093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The major drawback of chemical transformations for the production of 2, 5-furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) implies the usage of hazardous chemicals, high temperature and high pressure from nonrenewable resources. Alternate to chemical methods, biological methods are promising. Microbial FDCA production is improved through engineering approaches of media conditions, homologous and heterologous expression of genes, genetic and metabolic engineering, etc. The highest FDCA production of 41.29 g/L is observed by an engineered Raultella ornitholytica BF 60 from 35 g/L HMF in sodium phosphate buffer with a 95.14% yield in 72 h. Also, an enzyme cascade system of recombinant and wild enzymes like periplasmic aldehyde oxidase ABC, galactose oxidase M3-5, HRP and catalase have transformed 6.3 g/L HMF to 7.81 g/L FDCA in phosphate buffer with 100% yield in 6 h. Still, these processes are emerging for fulfilling the industrial needs due to the challenges in 'green FDCA production'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Omana Rajesh
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Tharangattumana Krishnan Godan
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, India
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41
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Weimer A, Kohlstedt M, Volke DC, Nikel PI, Wittmann C. Industrial biotechnology of Pseudomonas putida: advances and prospects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:7745-7766. [PMID: 32789744 PMCID: PMC7447670 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10811-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas putida is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that can be encountered in diverse ecological habitats. This ubiquity is traced to its remarkably versatile metabolism, adapted to withstand physicochemical stress, and the capacity to thrive in harsh environments. Owing to these characteristics, there is a growing interest in this microbe for industrial use, and the corresponding research has made rapid progress in recent years. Hereby, strong drivers are the exploitation of cheap renewable feedstocks and waste streams to produce value-added chemicals and the steady progress in genetic strain engineering and systems biology understanding of this bacterium. Here, we summarize the recent advances and prospects in genetic engineering, systems and synthetic biology, and applications of P. putida as a cell factory. KEY POINTS: • Pseudomonas putida advances to a global industrial cell factory. • Novel tools enable system-wide understanding and streamlined genomic engineering. • Applications of P. putida range from bioeconomy chemicals to biosynthetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Weimer
- Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus A1.5, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Michael Kohlstedt
- Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus A1.5, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Daniel C Volke
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Pablo I Nikel
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christoph Wittmann
- Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus A1.5, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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Hsu C, Kuo Y, Liu Y, Tsai S. Green conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid by heterogeneous expression of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidase in Pseudomonas putida S12. Microb Biotechnol 2020; 13:1094-1102. [PMID: 32233071 PMCID: PMC7264871 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming petrochemical processes into bioprocesses has become an important goal of sustainable development. The chemical synthesis of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is expensive and environmentally unfavourable. The study aims to investigate a whole-cell biocatalyst for efficient biotransformation of HMF to FDCA. For the first time, a genetically engineered Pseudomonas putida S12 strain expressing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidase (HMFO) was developed for the biocatalytic conversion of HMF to FDCA. This whole-cell biocatalyst produced 35.7 mM FDCA from 50 mM HMF in 24 h without notable inhibition. However, when the initial HMF concentration was elevated to 100 mM, remarkable inhibition on FDCA production was observed, resulting in a reduction of FDCA yield to 42%. We solve this substrate inhibition difficulty by increasing the inoculum density. Subsequently, we used a fed-batch strategy by maintaining low HMF concentration in the culture to maximize the final FDCA titre. Using this approach, 545 mM of FDCA was accumulatively produced after 72 hs, which is the highest production rate per unit mass of cells to the best of our knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih‐Ting Hsu
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyNo.43, Keelung Rd., Sec.4, Da'an Dist.Taipei City10607Taiwan
| | - Yang‐Cheng Kuo
- Chemical DivisionInstitute of Nuclear Energy Research1000 Wenhua Rd. Jiaan Village, Longtan DistrictTaoyuan City32546Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Cheng Liu
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyNo.43, Keelung Rd., Sec.4, Da'an Dist.Taipei City10607Taiwan
| | - Shen‐Long Tsai
- Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Taiwan University of Science and TechnologyNo.43, Keelung Rd., Sec.4, Da'an Dist.Taipei City10607Taiwan
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43
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Sheng Y, Tan X, Zhou X, Xu Y. Bioconversion of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid (FDCA) by a Native Obligate Aerobic Bacterium, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NL14. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 192:455-465. [PMID: 32394319 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), one of the top biomass-based platform chemical, is highly promising for resins and polymers, and it can be prepared from the bio-oxidation of hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), which can be obtained mainly from lignocellulosic glucose that has a high production potential from not edible biomass.A native strain, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NL14, that could convert HMF into FDCA is used for combining degradation and fermentation by consolidated bioprocessing (CBP). In this study, it was observed that the initial HMF concentration and pH neutralizer played important roles in the bioconversion of HMF, 5 g/L of HMF could be converted by 100% within 48 h with 0.5 g/L sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) with the production of 0.31 g/L FDCA. Extra glucose and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) addition could further promote the production of FDCA to 0.54 g/L with 100% HMF conversion and a higher conversion rate. This report could provide a potential native bacterium for furan chemicals bioconversion and bioelimination, especially for FDCA bioproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yequan Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Tan
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
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44
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Mahboubi A, Elyasi S, Doyen W, De Wever H, Taherzadeh MJ. Concentration-driven reverse membrane bioreactor for the fermentation of highly inhibitory lignocellulosic hydrolysate. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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45
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Lu ZY, Zhong JJ. Effect of furfural addition on validamycin-A production in fermentation of Streptomyces hygroscopicus 5008. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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46
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Dornau A, Robson JF, Thomas GH, McQueen-Mason SJ. Robust microorganisms for biofuel and chemical production from municipal solid waste. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:68. [PMID: 32178677 PMCID: PMC7077162 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Worldwide 3.4 billion tonnes of municipal solid waste (MSW) will be produced annually by 2050, however, current approaches to MSW management predominantly involve unsustainable practices like landfilling and incineration. The organic fraction of MSW (OMSW) typically comprises ~ 50% lignocellulose-rich material but is underexplored as a biomanufacturing feedstock due to its highly inconsistent and heterogeneous composition. This study sought to overcome the limitations associated with studying MSW-derived feedstocks by using OMSW produced from a realistic and reproducible MSW mixture on a commercial autoclave system. The resulting OMSW fibre was enzymatically hydrolysed and used to screen diverse microorganisms of biotechnological interest to identify robust species capable of fermenting this complex feedstock. Results The autoclave pre-treated OMSW fibre contained a polysaccharide fraction comprising 38% cellulose and 4% hemicellulose. Enzymatic hydrolysate of OMSW fibre was high in d-glucose (5.5% w/v) and d-xylose (1.8%w/v) but deficient in nitrogen and phosphate. Although relatively low levels of levulinic acid (30 mM) and vanillin (2 mM) were detected and furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural were absent, the hydrolysate contained an abundance of potentially toxic metals (0.6% w/v). Hydrolysate supplemented with 1% yeast extract to alleviate nutrient limitation was used in a substrate-oriented shake-flask screen with eight biotechnologically useful microorganisms (Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum, Escherichia coli, Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius, Pseudomonas putida, Rhodococcus opacus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Zymomonas mobilis). Each species’ growth and productivity were characterised and three species were identified that robustly and efficiently fermented OMSW fibre hydrolysate without significant substrate inhibition: Z. mobilis, S. cerevisiae and R. opacus, respectively produced product to 69%, 70% and 72% of the maximum theoretical fermentation yield and could theoretically produce 136 kg and 139 kg of ethanol and 91 kg of triacylglycerol (TAG) per tonne of OMSW. Conclusions Developing an integrated biorefinery around MSW has the potential to significantly alleviate the environmental burden of current waste management practices. Substrate-oriented screening of a representative and reproducible OMSW-derived fibre identified microorganisms intrinsically suited to growth on OMSW hydrolysates. These species are promising candidates for developing an MSW biorefining platform and provide a foundation for future studies aiming to valorise this underexplored feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritha Dornau
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products (CNAP), Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD, York, UK
| | - James F Robson
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD, York, UK
| | - Gavin H Thomas
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD, York, UK
| | - Simon J McQueen-Mason
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products (CNAP), Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD, York, UK.
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47
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Wang WT, Dai LC, Wu B, Qi BF, Huang TF, Hu GQ, He MX. Biochar-mediated enhanced ethanol fermentation (BMEEF) in Zymomonas mobilis under furfural and acetic acid stress. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:28. [PMID: 32127915 PMCID: PMC7045489 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-1666-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass generates different types of inhibitors (e.g., furfural and acetic acid), which could remarkably inhibit subsequent ethanol fermentation. Here, biochar as an additive in the fermentation broth was first applied to enhance ethanol production by Z. mobilis wild-type strain ZM4 in the presence of typical inhibitors. RESULTS This study showed that the biochar-mediated tolerance to furfural and acetic acid for the strain Z. mobilis ZM4 was the highest reported level, resulting in much higher ethanol productivity under stress conditions than that in non-treated conditions. Further analysis showed that adsorptive detoxification was not the controlling factor for enhanced ethanol production under stress conditions, attributed to its low removal of furfural (< 20%) and incapability of acetic acid removal. When biochar was filtered from the biochar-treated inhibitor-containing broth, it still showed enhanced ethanol production. Furthermore, Z. mobilis immobilized on biochar was also observed. Thus, biochar extracts in the fermentation broth and cell immobilization on biochar might be the controlling factors for enhanced ethanol production under stress conditions. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that biochar-mediated enhanced ethanol fermentation (BMEEF) might be a promising strategy for ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-ting Wang
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Section 4-13, Renmin Rd. South, Chengdu, 610041 People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081 People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-chun Dai
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Section 4-13, Renmin Rd. South, Chengdu, 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Wu
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Section 4-13, Renmin Rd. South, Chengdu, 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bu-fan Qi
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Cheng Luo Road, Chengdu, 610106 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian-fang Huang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Section 4-9, Renmin Rd. South, Chengdu, 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guo-quan Hu
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Section 4-13, Renmin Rd. South, Chengdu, 610041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-xiong He
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Section 4-13, Renmin Rd. South, Chengdu, 610041 People’s Republic of China
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48
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Yuan H, Liu H, Du J, Liu K, Wang T, Liu L. Biocatalytic production of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid: recent advances and future perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 104:527-543. [PMID: 31820067 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is attracting increasing attention because of its potential applications as a sustainable substitute to petroleum-derived terephthalic acid for the production of bio-based polymers, such as poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PEF). Many catalytic methods have been developed for the synthesis of FDCA, including chemocatalysis, biocatalysis, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis. Biocatalysis is a promising approach with advantages that include mild reaction condition, lower cost, higher selectivity, and environment amity. However, the biocatalytic production of FDCA has hardly been reviewed. To fully understand the current research developments, this review comprehensively considers the research progress on toxic effects and biodegradation of furan aldehydes, and then summarizes the latest achievements concerning the synthesis of FDCA from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and other chemicals, such as 2-furoic acid and 5-methoxymethylfurfural. Our primary focus is on biocatalytic methods, including enzymatic catalysis (in vitro) and whole-cell catalysis (in vivo). Furthermore, future research directions and general developmental trends for more efficient biocatalytic production of FDCA are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Hongling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Jieke Du
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Kaiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China. .,Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, Shandong, China.
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China. .,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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49
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Li B, Yan ZY, Liu XN, Tang C, Zhou J, Wu XY, Wei P, Jia HH, Yong XY. Enhanced Bio-Electro-Fenton degradation of phenolic compounds based on a novel Fe-Mn/Graphite felt composite cathode. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 234:260-268. [PMID: 31220659 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are problematic byproducts generated from lignocellulose pretreatment. In this study, the feasibility degradation of syringic acid (SA), vanillic acid (VA), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) by Bio-Electro-Fenton (BEF) system with a novel Fe-Mn/graphite felt (Fe-Mn/GF) composite cathode were investigated. The nano-scale Fe-Mn multivalent composite catalyst with core shell structure distributed more evenly on GF surface to form a catalyst layer with higher oxygen reduction reaction performance. Accordingly, the maximum power density generated with Fe-Mn/GF cathode was 48.1% and 238.9% higher than Fe/GF and GF respectively, which further enhanced the in situ generation of H2O2 due to the superiority of nano-scale core shell structure and synergistic effect of Fe and Mn species. The degradation efficiency of the three phenolic compounds in the BEF system could reached 100% after optimization of influencing parameters. Furthermore, a possible SA degradation pathway by BEF process in the present system was proposed based on the detected intermediates. These results demonstrated an efficient approach for the degradation of phenolic compounds derived from lignocellulose hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Yan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Na Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Chen Tang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xia-Yuan Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Ping Wei
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Hong-Hua Jia
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Yong
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Bioenergy Research Institute, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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50
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Li B, Liu XN, Tang C, Zhou J, Wu XY, Xie XX, Wei P, Jia HH, Yong XY. Degradation of phenolic compounds with simultaneous bioelectricity generation in microbial fuel cells: Influence of the dynamic shift in anode microbial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121862. [PMID: 31357047 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for simultaneous electricity generation and degradation of phenolic compounds. The voltage generation was inhibited by 36.18-63.90%, but the degradation rate increased by 146.15-392.31% when the initial concentration of syringic acid (SA), vanillic acid (VA), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) increased from 0.3 to 3.0 g/L. The collaboration among the functional microbes significantly enhanced the degradation rate of parent compounds and their intermediates in MFCs systems, while the accumulated intermediates severely inhibited their complete mineralization in fermentative systems. High-throughput sequencing showed that the growth of fermentative bacteria prevailed, but electrogenic bacteria were inhibited in the anode microbial community (AMC) under high concentrations of phenolic compounds (3.0 g/L). These findings provide a better understanding of the dynamic shift and synergy effects of the AMC to evaluate its potential for the treatment of phenolic-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiao-Na Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chen Tang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xia-Yuan Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xin-Xin Xie
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ping Wei
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hong-Hua Jia
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Yong
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing TECH University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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