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Tian Y, Xu W, Guang C, Zhang W, Mu W. Glycosylation of flavonoids by sucrose- and starch-utilizing glycoside hydrolases: A practical approach to enhance glycodiversification. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024; 64:7408-7425. [PMID: 36876518 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2185201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are ubiquitous and diverse in plants and inseparable from the human diet. However, in terms of human health, their further research and application in functional food and pharmaceutical industries are hindered by their low water solubility. Therefore, flavonoid glycosylation has recently attracted research attention because it can modulate the physicochemical and biochemical properties of flavonoids. This review represents a comprehensive overview of the O-glycosylation of flavonoids catalyzed by sucrose- and starch-utilizing glycoside hydrolases (GHs). The characteristics of this feasible biosynthesis approach are systematically summarized, including catalytic mechanism, specificity, reaction conditions, and yields of the enzymatic reaction, as well as the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of the product flavonoid glycosides. The cheap glycosyl donor substrates and high yields undoubtedly make it a practical flavonoid modification approach to enhance glycodiversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cuie Guang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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2
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Núñez-López G, Morel S, Hernández L, Musacchio A, Amaya-Delgado L, Gschaedler A, Remaud-Simeon M, Arrizon J. One-pot bi-enzymatic cascade synthesis of puerarin polyfructosides. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 247:116710. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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3
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Chen J, Guo K, Song X, Lan L, Liu S, Hu R, Luo J. The anti-heat stress effects of Chinese herbal medicine prescriptions and rumen-protected γ-aminobutyric acid on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, and health status in beef cattle. Anim Sci J 2020; 91:e13361. [PMID: 32219958 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the anti-heat stress effect of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) prescription, rumen-protected γ-aminobutyric acid (RP-GABA), and CHM plus RP-GABA co-medication on growth performance, apparent digestibility, and serum parameters in heat-stressed beef cattle. Forty beef cattle were randomly divided into four groups. Control group was supplied with basal diet, while CHM, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and CHM + GABA groups were, respectively, supplied with CHM, RP-GABA, and CHM plus RP-GABA in basal diet. Our result indicated that CHM + GABA elevated apparent digestibility including crude protein, Ca, P, crude fat (CF) (p < .01), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (p < .05), but no difference was found with CF and NDF digestibility both in CHM and GABA group (p > .05). More importantly, average daily gain (ADG) was improved in CHM, GABA, and CHM + GABA groups, while average daily feed intake (ADFI) significantly increased only in CHM + GABA groups (p < .05). Meanwhile, CHM + GABA displayed notably more positive effect in serum hormones, immune globulin, ions contents, and blood inflammatory cytokines than other treatment groups and control group. These results demonstrated that both CHM and GABA are effective in alleviating heat stress response and the co-medication has a synergistic effect on anti-heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Kun Guo
- Shunyi District Agricultural and Rural Burea, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaozhen Song
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Lvtao Lan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Ruiming Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Junrong Luo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P. R. China
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Xu T, Wu X. Preparative separation of mangiferin glycosides by high speed counter current chromatography and comparison of their antioxidant and antitumor activities. RSC Adv 2020; 10:25780-25785. [PMID: 35518602 PMCID: PMC9055302 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04307a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangiferin, a xanthonoid with various bioactivities. The low solubility of mangiferin limits the use in pharmacological fields. In this study, high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) was used to separate and purify mangiferin glycosides from the crude sample after enzymatic glycosylation of mangiferin. Two fructosyl mangiferin were successfully purified by HSCCC with a two-phase-solvent system composed of n-butanol–methanol–water (6 : 1 : 6, v/v). A total of 18 mg of mangiferin (I), 73 mg of β-d-fructofuranosyl-(2 → 6)-mangiferin (II), and 58 mg of β-d-difructofuranosyl-(2 → 6)-mangiferin (III) were obtained in one-step separation from 150 mg of the crude sample with purities of 99.2%, 98.7% and 98.9%, respectively. The chemical structures were identified by HRMS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and 2D NMR. Mangiferin glycosides showed higher antioxidant and antitumor activities compared to that of mangiferin by employing DPPH scavenging effect, reducing power and cytotoxicity assay. Therefore, these novel fructosyl mangiferin exhibit a great potential to be developed into new medicines. High-speed counter-current chromatography is an efficient method for separation of mangiferin glycosides from enzymatic glycosylation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Xueming Wu
- School of Pharmacy
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
- Nanjing
- China
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Núñez-López G, Herrera-González A, Hernández L, Amaya-Delgado L, Sandoval G, Gschaedler A, Arrizon J, Remaud-Simeon M, Morel S. Fructosylation of phenolic compounds by levansucrase from Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 122:19-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Shin YH, Bae S, Sim J, Hur J, Jo SI, Shin J, Suh YG, Oh KB, Oh DC. Nicrophorusamides A and B, Antibacterial Chlorinated Cyclic Peptides from a Gut Bacterium of the Carrion Beetle Nicrophorus concolor. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:2962-2968. [PMID: 29112406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nicrophorusamides A and B (1 and 2) were discovered from a rare actinomycete, Microbacterium sp., which was isolated from the gut of the carrion beetle Nicrophorus concolor. The structures of the nicrophorusamides were established as new chlorinated cyclic hexapeptides bearing uncommon amino acid units mainly based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations of the amino acid residues 5-chloro-l-tryptophan, d-threo-β-hydroxyasparagine/d-asparagine, l-ornithine, l-allo-isoleucine, d-leucine, and d-valine were determined using Marfey's method and chemical derivatization with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl isothiocyanate followed by LC/MS analysis. Nicrophorusamide A (1) showed antibacterial activity against several Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yern-Hyerk Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyun Bae
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Sim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University , 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonseong Hur
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Il Jo
- Animal Welfare Division, Seoul Zoo, Seoul Grand Park , 102 Daegongwongwangjang-ro, Gwacheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 13829, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongheon Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ger Suh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University , 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Bong Oh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Chan Oh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Functionalization of natural compounds by enzymatic fructosylation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:5223-5234. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8359-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Cheng Y, Leng W, Zhang J. Protective Effect of Puerarin Against Oxidative Stress Injury of Neural Cells and Related Mechanisms. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:1244-9. [PMID: 27074962 PMCID: PMC4835157 DOI: 10.12659/msm.896058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is manifested as degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra compacta. The mitochondrial dysfunction induced by oxidative stress is believed to a major cause of PD. Puerarin has been widely applied due to its estrogen nature and anti-oxidative function. This study thus investigated the protective role of puerarin against oxidative stress injury on PC12 neural cells, in addition to related mechanisms. Material/Methods PC12 cells were pre-treated with gradient concentrations of puerarin, followed by the induction of 0.5 mM H2O2. MTT assay was used to detect cell viability. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to detect intracellular level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH). Cell apoptosis was determined by Annexin-V/7-AAD double labelling. Reactive oxidative species (ROS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were then measured. Cellular levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were also determined. Results The pre-treatment using puerarin significantly reversed H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury, as it can increase proliferation, SOD and GSH activities, decrease MDA activity, suppress apoptosis of PC12 cells, and decrease ROS and LDH production (p<0.05 in all cases). Further assays showed depressed up-regulation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 after puerarin pretreatment. Conclusions Puerarin pretreatment can decrease activity of caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity in PC12 cells, thus protecting cells from oxidative injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Leng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Jingshu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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Zhang S, Wang S, Zhang Q, Chang CWT, Zhan J. Three new fusidic acid derivatives and their antibacterial activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:1920-4. [PMID: 25824664 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Two steroid acids, cephalosporin P1 and isocephalosporin P1, were isolated from Hapsidospora irregularis FERM BP-2511. These compounds are structurally related to fusidic acid. Their NMR data were completely assigned on the basis of the 2D NMR spectra. Incubation of these two compounds with Microbacterium oxydans CGMCC 1788 in Luria-Bertani broth yielded the same set of three new 3-dehydrogenated products, 3-keto-isocephalosporin P1, 3-keto-cephalosporin P1 and 6-deacetyl-3-keto-cephalosporin P1. The final pH of the bacterial culture was 9.0. Incubation of 3-keto-isocephalosporin P1 or 3-keto-cephalosporin P1 in Tris-HCl buffer (pH 9.0) revealed that these two compounds can convert to each other by shifting the acetyl group between C-6 and C-7. The acetyl group at C-6 or C-7 can also be removed by hydrolysis to yield the minor product 6-deacetyl-3-keto-cephalosporin P1. These fusidic acid derivatives were tested for the antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. 3-Keto-cephalosporin P1 showed the highest activity among the five compounds, with a minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of 4 μg/mL, which is more potent than the substrate cephalosporin P1. Both cephalosporin P1 and 3-keto-cephalosporin P1 were active against methicillin-resistant S. aureus, with the same MIC of 8 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Zhang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Cheng-Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States
| | - Jixun Zhan
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, United States.
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Wang S, Liu G, Zhang W, Cai N, Cheng C, Ji Y, Sun L, Zhan J, Yuan S. Efficient glycosylation of puerarin by an organic solvent-tolerant strain of Lysinibacillus fusiformis. Enzyme Microb Technol 2014; 57:42-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ruan Y, Ma BJ, Li LZ, Wang XL. Specific 12α-hydroxylation of grandiflorenic acid by permeabilised fungus Fusarium graminearum. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:677-9. [PMID: 24650196 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.891113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Biotransformation of grandiflorenic acid by permeabilised fungus Fusarium graminearum to yield its hydroxylation derivative, 12α-hydroxygrandiflorenic acid, was studied. The biotransformed product was isolated by column chromatography and its structure was determined by mass spectrum and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Grandiflorenic acid was efficiently metabolised by the fungus. After 72 h, the substrate was almost completely converted into the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ruan
- a Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine , College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University , Zhengzhou 450002 , P.R. China
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Wu X, Chu J, Wu B, Zhang S, He B. An efficient novel glycosylation of flavonoid by β-fructosidase resistant to hydrophilic organic solvents. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 129:659-662. [PMID: 23298773 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An effective approach was successfully developed to isolate glycosidase with resistance of hydrophilic organic solvent, simultaneously with acceptor specificity of the target substrate. By this approach, an efficient solvent tolerant glycosidase producing bacterium Arthrobacter nicotianae XM6 was obtained. The β-fructosidase from strain XM6 shows high activity and stability in 10-25% DMSO and 10-20% methanol with 90-99% yields of puerarin glycosides. The addition of hydrophilic solvents not only greatly promoted the solubility of puerarin, but also regulated main products from multifructosyl puerarin to monofructosyl puerarin with increasing solvent concentration. Extraordinary highly efficient synthesis of puerarin glycosides (111.3 g/L of monofructosyl puerarin and 35.6 g/L of difructosyl puerarin) was attained in 25% DMSO solvent system from 110.4 g/L puerarin, which resulted a great facility for purification in large-scale process. The most novelty was that the β-fructosidase did not hydrolyze almost the newly formed glycosides using simply sucrose as donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueming Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, 30 Puzhunan Road, 211816 Nanjing, China
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Hao L, Zhang X, Yang T, Ma J. Puerarin antagonizes peroxyntrite-induced injury in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Neural Regen Res 2012; 7:669-74. [PMID: 25745461 PMCID: PMC4347006 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A rat model of diabetes mellitus was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Three days later, the rats were intraperitoneally administered 140 mg puerarin/kg daily, for a total of 60 successive days. DNA ladder results showed increased apoptosis over time in retinal pigment epithelial cells from rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Western blot analysis, Reverse transcription-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry results showed increased expression of 3-nitrotyrosine, a peroxyntrite marker, as well as inducible nitric synthase and Fas/FasL, in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Puerarin reversed these changes, and results demonstrated that puerarin inhibited Fas/FasL expression and alleviated peroxyntrite injury to retinal pigment epithelial cells. These results suggested that puerarin inhibited production of inducible nitric oxide synthase and directly antagonized peroxyntrite injury in retinal pigment epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Hao
- Ophthalmology Department, Hebei Province People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Department, Hebei Province People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Internal Department, the First Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Junling Ma
- Ophthalmology Department, Hebei Province People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
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Hydroxylation modification and free radical scavenging activity of puerarin-7-O-fructoside. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2011; 56:305-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-011-0052-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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