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Wang DC, Xu WD, Wang SN, Wang X, Leng W, Fu L, Liu XY, Qin Z, Huang AF. Lupus nephritis or not? A simple and clinically friendly machine learning pipeline to help diagnosis of lupus nephritis. Inflamm Res 2023:10.1007/s00011-023-01755-7. [PMID: 37300586 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diagnosis of lupus nephritis (LN) is a complex process, which usually requires renal biopsy. We aim to establish a machine learning pipeline to help diagnosis of LN. METHODS A cohort of 681 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients without LN and 786 SLE patients with LN was established, and a total of 95 clinical, laboratory data and 17 meteorological indicators were collected. After tenfold cross-validation, the patients were divided into training set and test set. The features selected by collective feature selection method of mutual information (MI) and multisurf were used to construct the models of logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, naive Bayes, support vector machine (SVM), light gradient boosting (LGB), extreme gradient boosting (XGB), and artificial neural network (ANN), the models were compared and verified in post-analysis. RESULTS Collective feature selection method screens out antistreptolysin (ASO), retinol binding protein (RBP), lupus anticoagulant 1 (LA1), LA2, proteinuria and other features, and the hyperparameter optimized XGB (ROC: AUC = 0.995; PRC: AUC = 1.000, APS = 1.000; balance accuracy: 0.990) has the best performance, followed by LGB (ROC: AUC = 0.992; PRC: AUC = 0.997, APS = 0.977; balance accuracy: 0.957). The worst performance is naive Bayes model (ROC: AUC = 0.799; PRC: AUC = 0.822, APS = 0.823; balance accuracy: 0.693). In the composite feature importance bar plots, ASO, RF, Up/Ucr, and other features play important roles in LN. CONCLUSION We developed and validated a new and simple machine learning pathway for diagnosis of LN, especially the XGB model based on ASO, LA1, LA2, proteinuria, and other features screened out by collective feature selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Cheng Wang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wang-Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Shen-Nan Wang
- Luzhou Meteorological Bureau, 3 Songshan Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Luzhou Meteorological Bureau, 3 Songshan Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Leng
- Luzhou Meteorological Bureau, 3 Songshan Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Fu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Liu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - An-Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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Zhao L, Yang Y, Xu H, Leng W, Xu G. Efficacy and safety of tacrolimus-based treatment for non-rapidly progressive IgA nephropathy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1189608. [PMID: 37274107 PMCID: PMC10232819 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1189608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus-based treatment for immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). We retrospectively reviewed 127 adult patients with primary IgAN with 24 h urine total protein quantity (24 h UTP) ≥ 1 g and serum creatinine ≤3 mg/dL. All patients were divided into tacrolimus (TAC) and control (non-TAC) groups according to the treatment strategy. Proteinuria remission, remission rate, and adverse events were compared between the two groups. Among the 127 patients, 61 received TAC-based treatment and 66 received non-TAC treatment. TAC group exhibited a more rapid decline in proteinuria than the non-TAC group at 3, 9, and 12 months (p = 0.049, 0.001, and 0.018, respectively). Remission rates at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months were 41.0, 68.9, 80.3, 90.2, and 88.5%, respectively, in the TAC group. These rates were higher than those in the control group at 3, 9, and 12 months (p = 0.030, 0.008, and 0.026, respectively). Complete remission rates at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months were 6.56, 19.7, 37.7, 54.1, and 62.3%, respectively, in the TAC group. These rates were higher than those in the control group at 9 and 12 months (p = 0.013 and 0.008, respectively). The estimated mean time to complete remission was significantly shorter in the TAC group than in the control group (p = 0.028). TAC did not increase the incidence of adverse events. In conclusion, TAC accelerated proteinuria remission in patients with non-rapidly progressive IgAN with no increased risk of adverse events. Further prospective randomized controlled trials are necessary to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of PLA, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of PLA, Xi’an, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Xu
- M.S. in Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Wei Leng
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guoshuang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of PLA, Xi’an, China
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Xu F, Leng W, Lu Q, Li K, Zhang Y, Liu J, Xu L, Sheng G. Ratiometric fluorescent sensing of phosphate ion in environmental water samples using flavin mononucleotide-functionalized Fe 3O 4 particles. Sci Total Environ 2023; 857:159249. [PMID: 36220471 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate ion (PO43-) serves as an important nutrient carrier to support the growth of aquatic animals and plants in aquatic systems. However, excess concentrations of PO43- are the key factor responsible for eutrophication, resulting in rapid deterioration of water quality. Therefore, accurate determination of PO43- is of great significance in water quality and security. In this study, flavin mononucleotide (FMN), an intracellular form of vitamin B2, was used as fluorophore. A novel "off-on" fluorescent sensing platform (FMN@Fe3O4) was fabricated for selective and sensitive detection of PO43-, and showed excellent fluorescence response and good selectivity for PO43- detection. With the addition of PO43-, the fluorescence intensity restored is proportional to PO43- concentration in the quantification range of 50 nM-0.75 μM with a limit of detection as low as 20 nM (0.62 μg.L-1, calculated by P element). An adsorption/desorption sensing mechanism via an in-depth analysis of the interfacial interaction between PO43- and FMN@Fe3O4 is proposed. FMN is first adsorbed by its terminal phosphate group on Fe3O4 particles to quench fluorescence. Free PO43- replaces the adsorbed FMN and restores the quenched fluorescence to achieve the aim of PO43- detection. In addition, this sensing system has been successfully validated in real water sample analysis and all reagents involved are nontoxic, environmentally benign, and easily-available. Therefore, this assay has great applicability in water quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Wei Leng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Qinwei Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Kunpeng Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yukuai Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Liqiang Xu
- Department of Resource Science and Engineering, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Guoping Sheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
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Bruce N, Wei IA, Leng W, Oh Y, Chiu YC, Roper MG, Bertram R. Coordination of pancreatic islet rhythmic activity by delayed negative feedback. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E492-E502. [PMID: 36223522 PMCID: PMC9722252 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00123.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Secretion of insulin from the pancreas is pulsatile, driven by intrinsic oscillations within individual islets of Langerhans. The secretions are coordinated among the many islets distributed throughout the pancreas producing a synchronized rhythm in vivo that is essential for maintaining normal glucose levels. One hypothesized mechanism for the coordination of islet activity is negative feedback, whereby sequestration of glucose in response to elevated insulin leads to a reduction in the blood glucose level that is sensed by the islet population. This global signal of glucose then coordinates the individual islets. In this study, we tested how this coordination mechanism is affected by time delays in the negative feedback, using a microfluidic system to monitor Ca2+ levels in a small population of islets and implementing glucose control through a negative feedback system. We found that islet synchronization occurs even with time delays in the feedback of up to 7 min. We also found that a second, slower closed-loop oscillation period is produced during delayed feedback in which islet oscillations are clustered into episodes. The period of this second oscillatory mode increases with the time delay and appears to be a second stable behavior that coexists with the faster synchronized oscillation. The general conclusion is that islet coordination through negative feedback is a viable means of islet coordination that is robust to delays in the timing of the feedback, and could complement other potential coordination mechanisms such as entrainment by pancreatic ganglia.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Insulin secretion from islets of Langerhans is rhythmic, and these rhythms are coordinated to produce oscillatory plasma insulin levels. Using a combination of microfluidics and computational modeling, we demonstrate that coordination can occur through negative feedback of the type provided by the liver, even if that feedback is delayed by several minutes. We also demonstrate that a second, slower, mode of oscillations can occur when feedback is delayed where faster oscillations are grouped into episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Bruce
- Department of Mathematics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - I.-A. Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - W. Leng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Y. Oh
- Department of Mathematics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Y.-C. Chiu
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - M. G. Roper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - R. Bertram
- Department of Mathematics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
- Programs in Molecular Biophysics and Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
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Zhang Y, Wo SK, Leng W, Gao F, Yan X, Zuo Z. Population pharmacokinetics and IVIVC for mesalazine enteric-coated tablets. J Control Release 2022; 346:275-288. [PMID: 35461968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Although in-vivo bioequivalence (BE) study serves as a golden standard for establishing interchangeability of oral dosage forms, it remains challenging for products with high inter-subject variability such as mesalazine enteric-coated tablet to fulfil the BE criteria set by regulatory authorities. Mesalazine, as a BCS class IV drug, targets to be delivered to distal ileum or colon with a pH-sensitive polymer coating for the remission of ulcerative colitis. Through population pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis and in-vitro in-vivo correlation (IVIVC) modeling on the dissolution and BE data of a generic enteric-coated product (EM) and its reference Salofalk® 250 mg tablet (SM), we for the first time revealed the underlying mechanism of the high inter-subject variability for such delayed-release formulation. It was also noted that the in-vivo start time of absorption (Ts) for EM and SM was positively correlated with their in-vitro lag time (Tlag) under the USP three-stage dissolution condition and reversely correlated with their in-vivo bioavailability. The varied oral bioavailability of mesalazine enteric-coated tablet was mainly due to the varied N-acetyltransferase activities along GI tract. Although such extensive intestinal first-pass metabolism with large individual differences led to a significant variation of mesalazine Cmax (coefficient of variation: 60-63.5%) and AUC0-t (coefficient of variation: 37.5-46.9%), the corresponding variations in the total absorbed mesalazine (mesalazine and its metabolite N-acetyl mesalazine) were significantly reduced by 12 to 45%. Since the BE purpose for mesalazine enteric-coated tablet focused on their comparable safety profiles, total absorbed mesalazine was recommended to be adopted for the development of the IVIVC model and BE evaluation for EM. All in all, our model-based approach has not only successfully identified the key factors that affect the BE of EM to guide its further formulation optimization, but also demonstrated the indispensable role of modeling in the development of generic pharmaceutical product at its early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Siu Kwan Wo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Wei Leng
- Europharm Laboratoires Co. Ltd., 12-14 Dai Wang Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Fang Gao
- Europharm Laboratoires Co. Ltd., 12-14 Dai Wang Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Zhong Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Liu L, Yu N, Leng W, Lu Y, Xia X, Yuan H. 6-Gingerol, a functional polyphenol of ginger, reduces pulmonary fibrosis by activating Sirtuin1. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2022; 50:104-114. [PMID: 35257553 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v50i2.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis in general is the final common outcome of various interstitial lung diseases. In recent years, the incidence of pulmonary fibrosis has been rising with poor prognosis. 6-gingerol is deemed as a functional polyphenol of ginger. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 6-gingerol, on pulmonary fibrosis. Mice were randomly divided into four groups: control, bleomycin, bleomycin + 6-gingerol 100 mg/kg, bleomycin + 6-gingerol 250 mg/kg, and the survival rates of the groups were recorded. Pathological and fibrotic changes in the lungs were identified by H&E and Masson staining, respectively. The levels of hydroxyproline and protein deposited in lung tissues were then, respectively, determined by colorimetry and western blotting. Subsequently, the proportion of cells and inflammatory factors in the alveolar lavage fluid were estimated. Following the identification of the possibility of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in the pharmacological mechanism through molecular docking and western blotting, human embryonic lung fibroblasts MRC-5 were treated with TGF-β1 and SIRT1 inhibitor to study the role of SIRT1 in the regulatory effect of 6-gingerol. From the results, 6-gingerol was found to increase the survival rate of mice and reduce lung pathology and fibrosis in mice. And, it significantly reduced the levels of hydroxyproline and the proteins deposited in lung tissues. Moreover, the number of neutrophils, basophils, monocytes, and the levels of inflammatory factors in the alveolar lavage fluid were also reduced. SIRT1 inhibitor blocked the function of 6-gingerol to inhibit fibrosis. To sum up, 6-gingerol relieves pulmonary fibrosis via activating SIRT1. This finding expands the pharmacological effect of 6-gingerol, and it is expected to advance the development of treatments for pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- The Affiliation Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Yu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Wei Leng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Yun Lu
- The Affiliation Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinxin Xia
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Yuan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China;
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Leng W, Fan D, Ren Z, Li Q. Identification of upregulated NF-κB inhibitor alpha and IRAK3 targeting lncRNA following intracranial aneurysm rupture-induced subarachnoid hemorrhage. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:197. [PMID: 33990177 PMCID: PMC8120017 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02156-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study was performed to identify genes and lncRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from ruptured intracranial aneurysm (RIA). Methods Microarray GSE36791 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database followed by the identification of significantly different expressed RNAs (DERs, including lncRNA and mRNA) between patients with SAH and healthy individuals. Then, the functional analyses of DEmRNAs were conducted and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was also performed to extract the modules associated with SAH. Following, the lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network was constructed and the gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to screen key RNA biomarkers involved in the pathogenesis of SAH from RIA. We also verified the results in a bigger dataset GSE7337. Results Totally, 561 DERs, including 25 DElncRNAs and 536 DEmRNAs, were identified. Functional analysis revealed that the DEmRNAs were mainly associated with immune response-associated GO-BP terms and KEGG pathways. Moreover, there were 6 modules significantly positive-correlated with SAH. The lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network contained 2 lncRNAs (LINC00265 and LINC00937) and 169 mRNAs. The GSEA analysis showed that these two lncRNAs were associated with three pathways (cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, neurotrophin signaling pathway, and apoptosis). Additionally, IRAK3 and NFKBIA involved in the neurotrophin signaling pathway and apoptosis while IL1R2, IL18RAP and IL18R1 was associated with cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway. The expression levels of these genes have the same trend in GSE36791 and GSE7337. Conclusion LINC00265 and LINC00937 may be implicated with the pathogenesis of SAH from RIA. They were involved in three important regulatory pathways. 5 mRNAs played important roles in the three pathways. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12883-021-02156-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Leng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Dan Fan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Zhong Ren
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Qiaoying Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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Hao MQ, Xie LJ, Leng W, Xue RW. Trim47 is a critical regulator of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through regulating apoptosis and inflammation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 515:651-657. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Leng W, Chen M, Liu C, Shang C. [Effects and mechanism of salidroside on streptozotocin-induced mode rats of diabetic nephropathy]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2019; 48:366-373. [PMID: 31133117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanism of salidroside(SAL) on model rats of diabetic nephropathy(DN). METHODS Rats were divided into control, model, SAL(50 mg/kg), SAL(100 mg/kg) and SAL(200 mg/kg) groups. The rats beside in control group were injected with streptozotocin(STZ) combined with right nephrectomy. And rats in SAL(50, 100, 200 mg/kg) groups were received gavage with SAL(50, 100, 200 mg/kg). After 12 weeks, rats were sacrificed and kidneys were collected. HE staining was performed for renal injury, the concentrations of urine protein, urine creatine(Ucr), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), malondialdehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) were measured by kits. Western blot was used to measure the protein levels of Collagen Ⅳ, fibronectin, E-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), N-cadherin, Smad2、Smad3, phosphorylated-Smad2(p-Smad2), p-Smad3 and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1). RESULTS Compared with control group, the renal injury of rats in model group was aggravated, the concentrations of urine protein, Ucr and BUN were elevated significantly, the apoptosis cells and positive cells of caspase-3 were increased; compared with model group, the renal injury of rats in SAL(100, 200 mg/kg) groups were alleviated markedly, the concentrations of urine protein, Ucr and BUN were reduced, the apoptosis cells and positive cells of caspase-3 were decreased notably. SAL(50 mg/kg) increased the concentration of SOD in DN model rats, SAL(100, 200 mg/kg) increased the concentrations of SOD and GSH-Px, decreased the level of MDA. Meanwhile, the inhibition of collagen Ⅳ, fibronrctin, α-SMA, and N-cadherin and the induction of E-cadherin in DN rats were induced by SAL(100, 200 mg/kg). In addition, SAL(100, 200 mg/kg) reduced the ratio of p-Smad2/Smad2, p-Smad3/Smad3 and the level of TGF-β1(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION SAL can inhibit renal fibrosis of STZ-induced DN model rats, and the mechanism may be related to inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Leng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, China
| | - Mingxia Chen
- Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, China
| | - Chunying Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, China
| | - Cheng Shang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, China
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Dong X, Niu Y, Ding Y, Wang Y, Zhao J, Leng W, Qin L. Formulation and Drug Loading Features of Nano-Erythrocytes. Nanoscale Res Lett 2017; 12:202. [PMID: 28314369 PMCID: PMC5355415 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-1980-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nano erythrocyte ghosts have recently been used as drug carriers of water-soluble APIs due to inherit biological characteristics of good compatibility, low toxicity, and small side-effect. In this study, we developed a novel drug delivery system based on nano erythrocyte ghosts (STS-Nano-RBCs) to transport Sodium Tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) for intravenous use in rat. STS-Nano-RBCs were prepared by hypotonic lysis and by extrusion methods, and its biological properties were investigated compared with STS injection. The results revealed that STS-Nano-RBCs have narrow particle size distribution, good drug loading efficiency, and good stability within 21 days. Compared with STS injection, STS-Nano-RBCs extended the drug release time in vitro and in vivo with better repairing effect on oxidative stress-impaired endothelial cells. These results suggest that the nano erythrocyte ghosts system could be used to deliver STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yawei Niu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Guangzhou Institute for Drug Control, 23 Xizeng Road, Guangzhou, 510160, China
| | - Yuemin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jialan Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wei Leng
- Jacobson Pharma Group, 7 Dai Shun Street, Tai Po District, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Linghao Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Abstract
Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is manifested as degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra compacta. The mitochondrial dysfunction induced by oxidative stress is believed to a major cause of PD. Puerarin has been widely applied due to its estrogen nature and anti-oxidative function. This study thus investigated the protective role of puerarin against oxidative stress injury on PC12 neural cells, in addition to related mechanisms. Material/Methods PC12 cells were pre-treated with gradient concentrations of puerarin, followed by the induction of 0.5 mM H2O2. MTT assay was used to detect cell viability. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to detect intracellular level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH). Cell apoptosis was determined by Annexin-V/7-AAD double labelling. Reactive oxidative species (ROS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were then measured. Cellular levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were also determined. Results The pre-treatment using puerarin significantly reversed H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury, as it can increase proliferation, SOD and GSH activities, decrease MDA activity, suppress apoptosis of PC12 cells, and decrease ROS and LDH production (p<0.05 in all cases). Further assays showed depressed up-regulation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 after puerarin pretreatment. Conclusions Puerarin pretreatment can decrease activity of caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity in PC12 cells, thus protecting cells from oxidative injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Leng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Jingshu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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Abstract
The facile, green synthesis of gold nanostars (AuNSs) with tunable branch lengths for SERS applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Saverot
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
| | - X. Geng
- Department of Chemistry
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
| | - W. Leng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
| | - P. J. Vikesland
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
- Virginia Tech Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology
| | - T. Z. Grove
- Department of Chemistry
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
| | - L. R. Bickford
- Virginia Tech Center for Sustainable Nanotechnology
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics
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13
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Xia L, Peng R, Leng W, Jia R, Zeng X, Yang X, Fan M. TRAIL-expressing gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit tumorigenesis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. J Dent Res 2014; 94:219-28. [PMID: 25391621 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514557815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has verified that mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow or adipose tissues can migrate toward a variety of tumors. In this study, we explored whether human gingival-derived MSCs (G-MSCs) can migrate toward tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and evaluated the antitumor effect of engineered G-MSCs in expressing and delivering the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). An in vitro cell migration assay with Transwell plates showed that human G-MSCs can migrate toward TSCC cell lines (Tca8113 and Cal27). Then, human G-MSCs, as a type of cell-based vehicle, were transduced with full-length TRAIL and enhanced green fluorescent protein reporter genes by the lentivirus (LV) system (G-MSCs with full-length TRAIL; G-MSCFLT). Tca8113 and Cal27 were co-cultured with G-MSCFLT, respectively, to evaluate the function of G-MSCFLT on tumor cells in vitro. This resulted in G-MSCFLT's inducing a great number of tumor cell necrosis and apoptosis. Meanwhile, in vivo antitumor assays were performed by administering G-MSCFLT to nude mice locally and systematically (mixed injection with tumor cells and tail vein injection). This showed that G-MSCFLT can reduce or even inhibit TSCC growth regardless of the method of administration, especially when the mixed injection of tumor cells and G-MSCFLT was at a ratio of 1:1, which showed no tumor formation. Furthermore, this verified that G-MSCFLT migrated toward TSCC in quantity. These data emphasize the effectiveness of G-MSCs as a vehicle for cell-based gene therapy and the antitumor activity of TRAIL-expressing G-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xia
- The Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - R Peng
- The Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - W Leng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - R Jia
- The Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - X Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - X Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Fan
- The Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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15
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Wang X, He H, Leng W, Tang X. Evaluation of brain-targeting for the nasal delivery of estradiol by the microdialysis method. Int J Pharm 2006; 317:40-6. [PMID: 16631329 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2005] [Revised: 02/26/2006] [Accepted: 02/27/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The uptake of estradiol into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) after intranasal and intravenous administration in rats was investigated to study whether direct nose-CSF transport of estradiol exits or not. Animals received 0.48 mg kg(-1) estradiol randomly methylated beta-cyclodextrin (RAMEB) inclusion complex intranasally and intravenously. Following nasal delivery, estradiol reached a C(max) value (mean+/-S.D.) in plasma (26.70+/-11.37 ng ml(-1)) and CSF (54.76+/-32.84 ng ml(-1)) after 20 min in each case, while after intravenous infusion, estradiol reached a C(max) value in plasma (170.08+/-64.67 ng ml(-1)) and CSF (26.48+/-11.34 ng ml(-1)) at 5 min and 60 min, respectively. The AUC(CSF)/AUC(plasma) ratio (1.60+/-0.67) after intranasal delivery differed significantly from the ratio (0.61+/-0.16) observed after intravenous infusion (P<0.05). All these results indicate that estradiol is transported into CSF via olfactory neurons, and, hence, there is a direct transport route from the nasal cavity into the CSF for estradiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, China
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16
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Judex S, Wohl GR, Wolff RB, Leng W, Gillis AM, Zernicke RF. Dietary fish oil supplementation adversely affects cortical bone morphology and biomechanics in growing rabbits. Calcif Tissue Int 2000; 66:443-8. [PMID: 10821881 DOI: 10.1007/s002230010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite substantial evidence that fish oil-derived (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may protect against cardiovascular disease, the effects of supplements containing (n-3) PUFA on the skeletal system are unknown. Here we investigated how a diet supplemented with 10 g/100 g fish oil affected tibial cortical morphology and mechanical properties in weanling rabbits. Rabbits were subdivided into a normal control (n = 10), a fish oil (n = 20), and a pair-fed (n = 20) group. The pair-fed group was energy restricted to match average body mass of the fish oil group. At completion of the 40 day dietary intervention, control rabbits were significantly heavier than the other two groups. Comparison between control and pair-fed rabbits revealed that energy restriction alone (30%) did not induce significant changes in tibial middiaphyseal morphology, but tibial longitudinal growth was significantly impaired. Most tibial mechanical properties were significantly degraded by energy restriction. Fish oil-supplemented rabbits had significantly smaller middiaphyseal areal properties and shorter tibiae than pair-fed rabbits. Tibial structural properties were significantly reduced in fish oil-fed rabbits, but tibial stress at the proportional limit (material property) was not significantly affected. Our data suggest that 10% fish oil supplementation in the presence of modest vitamin E supplementation can have detrimental effects on the skeleton of rapidly growing rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Judex
- McCaig Centre for Joint Injury and Arthritis Research, University of Calgary, T2N 4N1, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Zhu CJ, Li ZJ, Leng W. Measurement of biological activity of somatotropin in hypophysectomized rats. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1997; 18:489-93. [PMID: 10322901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM To develop a method for measurement of biological activity of recombinant DNA-derived somatotropin (rhGH). METHODS The effects of varying the route, frequency and period of administration of GH, the sex of test animals on the biological responses, body weight gain (BWG), and tibial epiphyseal width (TEW), of hypophysectomized (Hypox) rats were compared, respectively. 4-d BWG, 6-d BWG, and 6-d TEW tests were carried out simultaneously in the same group of Hypox rats to determine the biopotency of GH preparations according to a parallel line bioassay (6-point assay). The final result was chosen from the test which had smaller values for the index of precision (lambda) and the average rate of fiducial limits (ARFL) than other tests. RESULTS No significant differences in the responses between male and female rats, between sc and im, once daily and twice daily injections of bGH were found. But the BWG and TEW of Hypox rats injected with 0.045 and 0.135 IU.d-1 of bGH for 6 d were significantly greater than that for 4 d. Both 4-d BWG test and 6-d BWG test in the range from 0.020 to 0.500 IU.d-1 had values for lambda = 0.0660 and 0.1747, and for r = 0.9000 and 0.9237, respectively. Three estimates of rhGH preparation compared with the International Standard for somatotropin (IShGH), 4.6132, 3.9829, and 4.8023 IU/ampoule, were obtained separately from 4-d BWG test, 6-d BWG test and 6-d TEW test. And the result from 6-d BWG test was reported finally because it had smaller values for lambda and ARFL (0.0608 and 37.907%) than other two tests. CONCLUSION Both BWG test and TEW test can be carried out simultaneously in the same group of Hypox rats. 6-d BWG test seemed to be more suitable for potency determination of GH preparations than 4-d BWG test and 6-d TEW test.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Zhu
- Hormones Laboratory, National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products, Beijing, China
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18
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Zernicke RF, Wohl GR, Greenwald RA, Moak SA, Leng W, Golub LM. Administration of systemic matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors maintains bone mechanical integrity in adjuvant arthritis. J Rheumatol 1997; 24:1324-31. [PMID: 9228132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of systemic tetracycline derived antimetalloproteinase compounds on bone morphology and mechanical integrity. METHODS Male Lewis rats (n = 78) were randomly assigned to one of 10 groups, comprising controls, adjuvant arthritis (AA), and adjuvant arthritis with various combinations of 2 chemically modified, non-antimicrobial tetracycline derivatives (CMT3 or CMT8) with either of 2 nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents (flurbiprofen or tenidap). After AA induction (23 days), pharmacological efficacy was assessed by inflammatory indices, body mass changes, joint radiological destruction scores, and pyridinoline collagen derived crosslinks. The structural and material properties of the rat femoral neck were assessed biomechanically. RESULTS Neither CMT had an antiinflammatory effect, but flurbiprofen and tenidap (alone or together with either CMT) significantly reduced joint inflammation. Pyridinoline excretion increased markedly in untreated AA, but was substantially normalized by either CMT3 alone or by CMT8 with flurbiprofen. AA produced significant deleterious effects on femoral neck structure and mechanical properties. Administration of either CMT, however, had positive effects on the amount of bone and the biomechanical properties of rat femoral neck, but not the mineralization of the bone in the rat femoral neck. CONCLUSION These data suggest that tetracycline derived antimetalloproteinase compounds can significantly and positively influence bone mechanical integrity associated with inhibition of collagen breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Zernicke
- McCaig Centre for Joint Injury and Arthritis Research, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Leng W, Chang K, Williamson JR, Jakschik BA. Increased regional vascular albumin permeation in the rat during anaphylaxis. The Journal of Immunology 1989. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.142.6.1982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The changes in vascular albumin permeation induced by systemic anaphylaxis were studied simultaneously in 21 different tissues of the same animal. Before Ag challenge sensitized rats were injected i.v. with 125I-albumin (test tracer), 51Cr-RBC (vascular space marker) and 57Co-EDTA (extravascular space marker). The index of vascular permeation used was the tissue to blood isotope ratio (tbir), which was obtained by dividing the ratio of 125I/51Cr counts in each tissue by the ratio of the same isotopes in the arterial blood sample. After Ag challenge, the increase in the tbir varied considerably among the different tissues. The most pronounced increase was noted in the lymph node (ninefold) followed by the aorta and mesentery (six- to sevenfold) and the various parts of the gastrointestinal tract (four- to sixfold). In the skin less than skeletal muscle less than lung less than liver and eye two- to fourfold increases occurred. Relatively minor increases in albumin permeation (less than twofold) were observed in the brain less than kidney less than heart and less than spleen. The testis was the only organ in which no significant change occurred. For some of the tissues there was also an increase in the tbir for 57Co/51Cr (an index of the extracellular fluid space) suggesting edema formation. The highest increase was noted in the aorta (fourfold). Minor increases occurred in the atrium of the heart, stomach, duodenum, and lymph nodes. There was also a 36% increase in hematocrit. Therefore, systemic anaphylaxis caused extensive extravasation of albumin and hemoconcentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Leng
- Department of Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - K Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - J R Williamson
- Department of Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - B A Jakschik
- Department of Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Leng W, Chang K, Williamson JR, Jakschik BA. Increased regional vascular albumin permeation in the rat during anaphylaxis. J Immunol 1989; 142:1982-5. [PMID: 2921522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The changes in vascular albumin permeation induced by systemic anaphylaxis were studied simultaneously in 21 different tissues of the same animal. Before Ag challenge sensitized rats were injected i.v. with 125I-albumin (test tracer), 51Cr-RBC (vascular space marker) and 57Co-EDTA (extravascular space marker). The index of vascular permeation used was the tissue to blood isotope ratio (tbir), which was obtained by dividing the ratio of 125I/51Cr counts in each tissue by the ratio of the same isotopes in the arterial blood sample. After Ag challenge, the increase in the tbir varied considerably among the different tissues. The most pronounced increase was noted in the lymph node (ninefold) followed by the aorta and mesentery (six- to sevenfold) and the various parts of the gastrointestinal tract (four- to sixfold). In the skin less than skeletal muscle less than lung less than liver and eye two- to fourfold increases occurred. Relatively minor increases in albumin permeation (less than twofold) were observed in the brain less than kidney less than heart and less than spleen. The testis was the only organ in which no significant change occurred. For some of the tissues there was also an increase in the tbir for 57Co/51Cr (an index of the extracellular fluid space) suggesting edema formation. The highest increase was noted in the aorta (fourfold). Minor increases occurred in the atrium of the heart, stomach, duodenum, and lymph nodes. There was also a 36% increase in hematocrit. Therefore, systemic anaphylaxis caused extensive extravasation of albumin and hemoconcentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Leng
- Department of Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Leng W, Kuo CG, Qureshi R, Jakschik BA. Role of leukotrienes in vascular changes in the rat mesentery and skin in anaphylaxis. J Immunol 1988; 140:2361-8. [PMID: 3351303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The role of leukotrienes and other mediators of vascular changes in anaphylaxis were studied in rats sensitized with monoclonal anti-DNP IgE and challenged with DNP-BSA. Microvascular changes in the mesentery were followed by intravital fluorescent microscopy and in the skin by exudation of Evans blue dye. Administration of Ag i.v. caused a marked increase in the peristaltic movement of the intestine, plasma exudation, and arteriolar constriction in the mesentery. The microvascular changes were accompanied by a profound fall in blood pressure, which was biphasic. The first phase lasted for approximately 2 min. The second phase was very prolonged and the hypotension was still maintained 40 min after Ag challenge. The changes observed were dose dependent with regard to Ag. Intradermal application of Ag resulted in dose-dependent extravasation of Evans blue dye in the skin. Plasma exudation was partially inhibited by pyrilamine and methysergide. However, their effect seemed to be more pronounced in the skin than in the mesentery. The leukotriene D4-R antagonist L-649,923 and the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor ONO-LP-049, alone or in combination with other inhibitors, did not alter the plasma leakage in the skin. In the mesentery, the leukotriene antagonists alone had a moderate effect on vascular permeability. However, the combination of these agents with pyrilamine completely inhibited macromolecular extravasation. The hypotension was modulated by the antihistamines as well as the leukotriene and serotonin antagonists. Pyrilamine inhibited the first phase and the second phase. The major effect of methysergide was a decrease in the duration of the hypotension. This was especially evident when it was administered in combination with other inhibitors. The leukotriene antagonists when given alone had moderate effects on the blood pressure changes. However, in combination with pyrilamine, the hypotension was substantially reduced. Leukotrienes appeared to be important mediators of the vascular changes in the mesentery but not in the skin (passive cutaneous anaphylaxis). They markedly potentiated the action of histamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Leng
- Department of Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Leng W, Kuo CG, Qureshi R, Jakschik BA. Role of leukotrienes in vascular changes in the rat mesentery and skin in anaphylaxis. The Journal of Immunology 1988. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.140.7.2361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The role of leukotrienes and other mediators of vascular changes in anaphylaxis were studied in rats sensitized with monoclonal anti-DNP IgE and challenged with DNP-BSA. Microvascular changes in the mesentery were followed by intravital fluorescent microscopy and in the skin by exudation of Evans blue dye. Administration of Ag i.v. caused a marked increase in the peristaltic movement of the intestine, plasma exudation, and arteriolar constriction in the mesentery. The microvascular changes were accompanied by a profound fall in blood pressure, which was biphasic. The first phase lasted for approximately 2 min. The second phase was very prolonged and the hypotension was still maintained 40 min after Ag challenge. The changes observed were dose dependent with regard to Ag. Intradermal application of Ag resulted in dose-dependent extravasation of Evans blue dye in the skin. Plasma exudation was partially inhibited by pyrilamine and methysergide. However, their effect seemed to be more pronounced in the skin than in the mesentery. The leukotriene D4-R antagonist L-649,923 and the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor ONO-LP-049, alone or in combination with other inhibitors, did not alter the plasma leakage in the skin. In the mesentery, the leukotriene antagonists alone had a moderate effect on vascular permeability. However, the combination of these agents with pyrilamine completely inhibited macromolecular extravasation. The hypotension was modulated by the antihistamines as well as the leukotriene and serotonin antagonists. Pyrilamine inhibited the first phase and the second phase. The major effect of methysergide was a decrease in the duration of the hypotension. This was especially evident when it was administered in combination with other inhibitors. The leukotriene antagonists when given alone had moderate effects on the blood pressure changes. However, in combination with pyrilamine, the hypotension was substantially reduced. Leukotrienes appeared to be important mediators of the vascular changes in the mesentery but not in the skin (passive cutaneous anaphylaxis). They markedly potentiated the action of histamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Leng
- Department of Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - C G Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - R Qureshi
- Department of Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - B A Jakschik
- Department of Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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