1
|
Son J, Sohn YJ, Baritugo KA, Jo SY, Song HM, Park SJ. Recent advances in microbial production of diamines, aminocarboxylic acids, and diacids as potential platform chemicals and bio-based polyamides monomers. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 62:108070. [PMID: 36462631 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Recently, bio-based manufacturing processes of value-added platform chemicals and polymers in biorefineries using renewable resources have extensively been developed for sustainable and carbon dioxide (CO2) neutral-based industry. Among them, bio-based diamines, aminocarboxylic acids, and diacids have been used as monomers for the synthesis of polyamides having different carbon numbers and ubiquitous and versatile industrial polymers and also as precursors for further chemical and biological processes to afford valuable chemicals. Until now, these platform bio-chemicals have successfully been produced by biorefinery processes employing enzymes and/or microbial host strains as main catalysts. In this review, we discuss recent advances in bio-based production of diamines, aminocarboxylic acids, and diacids, which has been developed and improved by systems metabolic engineering strategies of microbial consortia and optimization of microbial conversion processes including whole cell bioconversion and direct fermentative production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jina Son
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jung Sohn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Kei-Anne Baritugo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Jo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Min Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Jae Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao S, Lu J, Wang T, Xu S, Wang X, Chen K, Ouyang P. A novel co-production of cadaverine and succinic acid based on a thermal switch system in recombinant Escherichia coli. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:248. [DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Polyamide (nylon) is an important material, which has aroused plenty of attention from all aspects. PA 5.4 is one kind of nylon with excellent property, which consists of cadaverine and succinic acid. Due to the environmental pollution, bio-production of cadaverine and succinic acid has been more attractive due to the less pollution and environmental friendliness. Microbes, like Escherichia coli, has been employed as cell factory to produce cadaverine and succinic acid. However, the accumulation of cadaverine will cause severe damage on cells resulting in inhibition on cell growth and cadaverine production. Herein, a novel two stage co-production of succinic acid and cadaverine was designed based on an efficient thermos-regulated switch to avoid the inhibitory brought by cadaverine.
Results
The fermentation process was divided into two phase, one for cell growth and lysine production and the other for cadaverine and succinic acid synthesis. The genes of ldhA and ackA were deleted to construct succinic acid pathway in cadaverine producer strain. Then, a thermal switch system based on pR/pL promoter and CI857 was established and optimized. The fermentation conditions were investigated that the optimal temperature for the first stage was determined as 33 ℃ and the optimal temperature for the second stage was 39 ℃. Additionally, the time to shifting temperature was identified as the fermentation anaphase. For further enhance cadaverine and succinic acid production, a scale-up fermentation in 5 L bioreactor was operated. As a result, the titer, yield and productivity of cadaverine was 55.58 g/L, 0.38 g/g glucose and 1.74 g/(L·h), respectively. 28.39 g/L of succinic acid was also obtained with yield of 0.19 g/g glucose.
Conclusion
The succinic acid metabolic pathway was constructed into cadaverine producer strain to realize the co-production of succinic acid and cadaverine. This study provided a novel craft for industrial co-production of cadaverine and succinic acid.
Collapse
|
3
|
Use of plasmids for expression of proteins from the genus Leishmania in Escherichia coli: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:4273-4280. [PMID: 32215706 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniosis is caused by the protozoa of the genus Leishmania with a wide spectrum of clinical and epidemiological manifestations which are characterized into four clinical groups: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, diffuse cutaneous, and visceral. American visceral leishmaniosis (AVL) or visceral leishmaniosis (VL) has been known as the most severe form of the disease. However, despite the growing number of people exposed to the infection risk and the great effort done by the scientific community worldwide to significantly increase the knowledge about these diseases, there is no vaccine capable of preventing VL in humans. In this short review, we present some of the plasmids used for the expression of recombinant protein by Escherichia coli strains used mainly for the second generation of vaccines for leishmaniosis. It can be emphasized that currently, these vectors and hosts play an important role in developing vaccine strategies against the disease. Indeed, use of the E. coli BL21 (DE) strain is remarkable mainly due to its characteristics for being a stable protein producer as well as the use of histidine tags for antigen purification. KEY POINTS: • Plasmid vectors and E. coli will continue being important for studies about leishmaniosis. • Protein purification exploiting histidine tags is a key technique.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu L, Fang Y, Ding Z, Zhang S, Wang X. Developing an l-threonine-producing strain from wild-type Escherichia coli by modifying the glucose uptake, glyoxylate shunt, and l-threonine biosynthetic pathway. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2019; 66:962-976. [PMID: 31486127 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Wild-type Escherichia coli MG1655 usually does not accumulate l-threonine. In this study, the effects of 13 genes related to the glucose uptake, glycolysis, TCA cycle, l-threonine biosynthesis, or their regulation on l-threonine accumulation in E. coli MG1655 were investigated. Sixteen E. coli mutant strains were constructed by chromosomal deletion or overexpression of one or more genes of rsd, ptsG, ptsH, ptsI, crr, galP, glk, iclR, and gltA; the plasmid pFW01-thrA*BC-rhtC harboring the key genes for l-threonine biosynthesis and secretion was introduced into these mutants. The analyses on cell growth, glucose consumption, and l-threonine production of these recombinant strains showed that most of these strains could accumulate l-threonine, and the highest yield was obtained in WMZ016/pFW01-thrA*BC-rhtC. WMZ016 was derived from MG1655 by deleting crr and iclR and enhancing the expression of gltA. WMZ016/pFW01-thrA*BC-rhtC could produce 17.98 g/L l-threonine with a yield of 0.346 g/g glucose, whereas the control strain MG1655/pFW01-thrA*BC-rhtC could only produce 0.68 g/L l-threonine. In addition, WMZ016/pFW01-thrA*BC-rhtC could tolerate the high concentration of glucose and produced no detectable by-products; therefore, it should be an ideal platform strain for further development. The results indicate that manipulating the glucose uptake and TCA cycle could efficiently increase l-threonine production in E. coli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhixiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shuyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang M, Cheng J, Chen P, Zheng G, Wang D, Hu Y. Efficient production of succinic acid in engineered Escherichia coli strains controlled by anaerobically-induced nirB promoter using sweet potato waste hydrolysate. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 237:147-154. [PMID: 30784862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Succinic acid has attracted interest worldwide as a precursor of many industrially crucial chemicals. Biosynthesis of succinic acid from biomass is developing as an environmentally friendly strategy now. Conversion of sweet potato waste (SPW) to succinic acid could implement high-value utilization of biomass, cut cost of the fermentation process and reduce the pollution of environment. Engineered Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain HD134 under the control of anaerobically-induced nirB promoter from Salmonella enterica (PSnirB) could produce about 16.30 g/L succinic acid with a yield of 0.83 g/g after 48 h on glucose. With SPW hydrolysate as the substrate, 18.65 g/L succinic acid with a yield of 0.94 g/g after 48 h fermentation achieved. Compared to SD134 under Trc control induced with Isopropyl β-D-Thiogalactoside (IPTG), this concentration and yield represented an 8.56% and 6.82% increase, respectively. The use of anaerobically-induced PSnirB not only could attain higher production of succinic acid than IPTG-induced Trc promoter, but omit cost of expensive exogenous inducers. The efficient production of succinic acid from SPW was firstly studied by anaerobically-induced PSnirB control, which achieved relative lower cost compared to glucose as substrate and IPTG as the inducer. This novel fermentation process conduces to the cosmically industrial succinic acid bioproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Gaowei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
| | - Yuanliang Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plants Conservation & Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vasconcelos LTCDP, Oliveira Filho MA, Ribeiro VT, Araújo JSD, de Sousa Junior FC, Martins DRA, Dos Santos ES. Optimization of the 503 antigen induction strategy of Leishmania infantum chagasi expressed in Escherichia coli M15. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 48:968-976. [PMID: 30489218 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2018.1525563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniosis is a complex of diseases that can be fatal, if not given proper attention. Despite its relevance in the public health system, there is no vaccine capable of preventing the disease in humans so far and its treatment is expensive and aggressive to human health. The present study aims to optimize the induction parameters of the 503 Leishmania i. chagasi antigen expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli M15. The induction at different cell densities was evaluated in order to analyze the influence of the induction time on the yield of the protein of interest. In this segment, lactose and isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) were used as inducer molecules, using various concentrations: 0.1 g/L, 1.0 g/L, and 10 g/L for lactose and 20 μM, 100 μM, 500 μM, and 1000 μM for IPTG. The results presented that the concentration of IPTG that obtained the higher antigen levels was that of 100 μM (0.087 g/L), a 10-fold lower concentration than was being previously used in this type of system and for lactose, it was 1 g/L (0.016 g/L). Thus, the induction with 100 μM allowed obtaining the antigen with a concentration 5.6 times higher than the lactose induction maximum concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luan Tales Costa de Paiva Vasconcelos
- a Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Chemical Engineering Postgraduate Studies Department , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Natal , Brazil
| | - Marcos Antônio Oliveira Filho
- a Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Chemical Engineering Postgraduate Studies Department , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Natal , Brazil
| | - Vitor Troccoli Ribeiro
- a Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Chemical Engineering Postgraduate Studies Department , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Natal , Brazil
| | - Jaciara Silva de Araújo
- a Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Chemical Engineering Postgraduate Studies Department , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Natal , Brazil
| | - Francisco Canindé de Sousa Junior
- a Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Chemical Engineering Postgraduate Studies Department , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Natal , Brazil
| | | | - Everaldo Silvino Dos Santos
- a Biochemical Engineering Laboratory Chemical Engineering Postgraduate Studies Department , Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte , Natal , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Skorokhodova AY, Stasenko AA, Gulevich AY, Debabov VG. Construction of a Synthetic Bypass for Improvement of Aerobic Synthesis of Succinic Acid through the Oxidative Branch of the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle by Recombinant Escherichia coli Strains. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683818030134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
8
|
Genome-Scale In Silico Analysis for Enhanced Production of Succinic Acid in Zymomonas mobilis. Processes (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/pr6040030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
9
|
Lange J, Takors R, Blombach B. Zero-growth bioprocesses: A challenge for microbial production strains and bioprocess engineering. Eng Life Sci 2016; 17:27-35. [PMID: 32624726 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial fermentation of renewable feedstocks is an established technology in industrial biotechnology. Besides strict aerobic or anaerobic modes of operation, novel innovative and industrially applicable fermentation processes were developed connecting the advantages of aerobic and anaerobic conditions in a combined production approach. As a consequence, rapid aerobic biomass formation to high cell densities and subsequent anaerobic high-yield and zero-growth production is realized. Following this strategy, bioprocesses operating with substantial overall yield and productivity can be obtained. Here, we summarize the current knowledge and achievements in such microbial zero-growth production processes and pinpoint to challenges due to the complex adaptation of the cellular metabolism during the cell's passage from aerobiosis to anaerobiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Lange
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
| | - Ralf Takors
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
| | - Bastian Blombach
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao Y, Wang CS, Li FF, Liu ZN, Zhao GR. Targeted optimization of central carbon metabolism for engineering succinate production in Escherichia coli. BMC Biotechnol 2016; 16:52. [PMID: 27342774 PMCID: PMC4919853 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-016-0284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Succinate is a kind of industrially important C4 platform chemical for synthesis of high value added products. Due to the economical and environmental advantages, considerable efforts on metabolic engineering and synthetic biology have been invested for bio-based production of succinate. Precursor phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is consumed for transport and phosphorylation of glucose, and large amounts of byproducts are produced, which are the crucial obstacles preventing the improvement of succinate production. In this study, instead of deleting genes involved in the formation of lactate, acetate and formate, we optimized the central carbon metabolism by targeting at metabolic node PEP to improve succinate production and decrease accumulation of byproducts in engineered E. coli. RESULTS By deleting ptsG, ppc, pykA, maeA and maeB, we constructed the initial succinate-producing strain to achieve succinate yield of 0.22 mol/mol glucose, which was 2.1-fold higher than that of the parent strain. Then, by targeting at both reductive TCA arm and PEP carboxylation, we deleted sdh and co-overexpressed pck and ecaA, which led to a significant improvement in succinate yield of 1.13 mol/mol glucose. After fine-tuning of pykF expression by anti-pykF sRNA, yields of lactate and acetate were decreased by 43.48 and 38.09 %, respectively. The anaerobic stoichiometric model on metabolic network showed that the carbon fraction to succinate of engineered strains was significantly increased at the expense of decreased fluxes to lactate and acetate. In batch fermentation, the optimized strain BKS15 produced succinate with specific productivity of 5.89 mmol gDCW(-1) h(-1). CONCLUSIONS This report successfully optimizes succinate production by targeting at PEP of the central carbon metabolism. Co-overexpressing pck-ecaA, deleting sdh and finely tuning pykF expression are efficient strategies for improving succinate production and minimizing accumulation of lactate and acetate in metabolically engineered E. coli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300072, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chang-Song Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300072, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Present address: PPG Coating (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. Tianjin Economic Technological Development Area (TEDA), 192 Huanghai Road, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Fei-Fei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300072, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhen-Ning Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300072, China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Guang-Rong Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China. .,Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300072, China. .,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Peng H, Wei D, Chen G, Chen F. Transcriptome analysis reveals global regulation in response to CO2 supplementation in oleaginous microalga Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C-169. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:151. [PMID: 27453726 PMCID: PMC4957332 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0571-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae are emerging as suitable feedstock for renewable biofuel production and providing a promising way to alleviate green house gas CO2. Characterizing the metabolic pathways involved in the biosynthesis of energy-rich compounds and their global regulation upon elevated CO2 is necessary to explore the mechanism underlying rapid growth and lipid accumulation, so as to realize the full potential of these organisms as energy resources. RESULTS In the present study, 2 and 5 % CO2 increased growth rate and lipid accumulation in autotrophically cultured green alga Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C-169. Overall biomass productivity as 222 mg L(-1) day(-1) and fatty acid content as 48.5 % dry cell weight were attained in 2 % CO2, suggesting C-169 as a great candidate for lipid production via CO2 supplementation. Transcriptomic analysis of 2 % against 0.04 % CO2-cultured C-169 unveiled the global regulation of important metabolic processes. Other than enhancing gene expression in the Calvin cycle, C-169 upregulated the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, pyruvate carboxylase and carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase II to enhance the anaplerotic carbon assimilation reactions upon elevated CO2. Upregulation of ferredoxin and ferredoxin-NADP(+) reductase implied that plentiful energy captured through photosynthesis was transferred through ferredoxin to sustain rapid growth and lipid accumulation. Genes involved in the glycolysis, TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation were predominantly upregulated presumably to provide abundant intermediates and metabolic energy for anabolism. Coordinated upregulation of nitrogen acquisition and assimilation genes, together with activation of specific carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase and ornithine pathway genes, might help C-169 to maintain carbon/nitrogen balance upon elevated CO2. Significant downregulation of fatty acid degradation genes, as well as the upregulation of fatty acid synthesis genes at the later stage might contribute to the tremendous lipid accumulation. CONCLUSION Global and collaborative regulation was employed by C-169 to assimilate more carbon and maintain carbon/nitrogen balance upon elevated CO2, which provide abundant carbon skeleton and affluent metabolic energy to sustain rapid growth and lipid accumulation. Data here for the first time bring significant insights into the regulatory profile of metabolism and acclimation to elevated CO2 in C-169, which provide important information for future metabolic engineering in the development of sustainable microalgae-based biofuels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Peng
- />School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Wei
- />School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
| | - Gu Chen
- />School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Chen
- />School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 People’s Republic of China
- />Institute for Food and Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The CreC Regulator of Escherichia coli, a New Target for Metabolic Manipulations. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 82:244-54. [PMID: 26497466 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02984-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The CreBC (carbon source-responsive) two-component regulation system of Escherichia coli affects a number of functions, including intermediary carbon catabolism. The impacts of different creC mutations (a ΔcreC mutant and a mutant carrying the constitutive creC510 allele) on bacterial physiology were analyzed in glucose cultures under three oxygen availability conditions. Differences in the amounts of extracellular metabolites produced were observed in the null mutant compared to the wild-type strain and the mutant carrying creC510 and shown to be affected by oxygen availability. The ΔcreC strain secreted more formate, succinate, and acetate but less lactate under low aeration. These metabolic changes were associated with differences in AckA and LdhA activities, both of which were affected by CreC. Measurement of the NAD(P)H/NAD(P)(+) ratios showed that the creC510 strain had a more reduced intracellular redox state, while the opposite was observed for the ΔcreC mutant, particularly under intermediate oxygen availability conditions, indicating that CreC affects redox balance. The null mutant formed more succinate than the wild-type strain under both low aeration and no aeration. Overexpression of the genes encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from E. coli and a NADH-forming formate dehydrogenase from Candida boidinii in the ΔcreC mutant further increased the yield of succinate on glucose. Interestingly, the elimination of ackA and adhE did not significantly improve the production of succinate. The diverse metabolic effects of this regulator on the central biochemical network of E. coli make it a good candidate for metabolic-engineering manipulations to enhance the formation of bioproducts, such as succinate.
Collapse
|
13
|
Fine-tuning of ecaA and pepc gene expression increases succinic acid production in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:8575-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6734-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
14
|
Li Q, Xing J. Microbial Succinic Acid Production Using Different Bacteria Species. MICROORGANISMS IN BIOREFINERIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-45209-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
15
|
Li Y, Li M, Zhang X, Yang P, Liang Q, Qi Q. A novel whole-phase succinate fermentation strategy with high volumetric productivity in engineered Escherichia coli. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 149:333-40. [PMID: 24125798 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The strategic design of this study aims at fermentative succinate production with high volumetric productivity in engineered Escherichia coli. An E. coli YL106/pSCsfcA was engineered to produce succinate under aerobic, microaerobic and anaerobic conditions by derepressing the inhibition of low dissolved oxygen, eliminating the NADH competitive pathways, modulating the redistribution of metabolic flux, and increasing the transport rate of the sole carbon source glucose. Based on this strain, a novel "whole-phase" succinate production strategy was further developed, in which the engineered strain was first cultivated aerobically, then shifted to microaerobic phase at the end of exponential growth, and finally kept in anaerobic phase until the end of fermentation. Employing this strategy, the engineered E. coli YL106/pSCsfcA was able to produce 85.30 g l(-1) succinate with an overall volumetric productivity of 2.13 g l(-1)h(-1). This process offers an efficiently fermentative method for industrial succinate production in metabolically engineered E. coli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yikui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Skorokhodova AY, Gulevich AY, Morzhakova AA, Shakulov RS, Debabov VG. Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the production of succinic acid from glucose. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683813070053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
17
|
Jiang C, Liu Y, Meng C, Wu L, Huang J, Deng J, Wang J, Shen P, Wu B. Expression of a metagenome-derived fumarate reductase from marine microorganisms and its characterization. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2013; 58:663-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-013-0256-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
18
|
The Biotechnological Potential of Corynebacterium glutamicum, from Umami to Chemurgy. CORYNEBACTERIUM GLUTAMICUM 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-29857-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
19
|
|
20
|
Hoefel T, Faust G, Reinecke L, Rudinger N, Weuster-Botz D. Comparative reaction engineering studies for succinic acid production from sucrose by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli in fed-batch-operated stirred tank bioreactors. Biotechnol J 2012; 7:1277-87. [PMID: 22588847 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201200046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study presents a comparative reaction engineering analysis of metabolically engineered sucrose-utilizing Escherichia coli derived from E. coli K12 MG1655 for the anaerobic production of succinic acid. Production capacities of 16 different recombinant strains were evaluated in 48 parallel fed-batch-operated milliliter-scale stirred tank bioreactors (10 mL) with continuous CO₂ sparging. The effects of recombinant sucrose-utilization systems (csc-operon or scr-operon), enhancements of anaplerotic reactions (pck, ppc, maeA, maeB or heterologous pyc) and gene deletions (ldhA, adhE, ack-pta and ptsG) were studied with respect to the overall process performances of the respective recombinant strains. Both sucrose-utilization systems enabled the production of succinic acid from sucrose in E. coli K12 MG1655. Maximum succinate production was observed by overexpressing the pyruvate carboxylase from Corynebacterium glutamicum resulting in a succinate concentration of 26.8 g L⁻¹ after 48 h and a cell-specific productivity of 0.14 g g⁻¹ h⁻¹. Further experiments in a fed-batch-operated laboratory-scale stirred tank bioreactor (2 L) showed that micro-aerobic conditions preceding the anaerobic phase enhance succinic acid production of E. coli K12 MG1655-derived strains. The work demonstrates the importance of parallel approaches within the scope of applied metabolic engineering studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Torben Hoefel
- Lehrstuhl für Bioverfahrenstechnik, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Process development of succinic acid production by Escherichia coli NZN111 using acetate as an aerobic carbon source. Enzyme Microb Technol 2011; 49:459-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
22
|
Wang D, Li Q, Yang M, Zhang Y, Su Z, Xing J. Efficient production of succinic acid from corn stalk hydrolysates by a recombinant Escherichia coli with ptsG mutation. Process Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2010.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|