1
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Gan D, Liu Y, Hu T, Fan S, Cui L, Liao G, Xie Z, Zhu X, Yang K. Pseudo-Eutectic of Isodimorphism to Design Biaxially-Oriented Bio-Based PA56/512 with High Strength, Toughness and Barrier Performances. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1176. [PMID: 38675095 PMCID: PMC11053481 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The biaxially-oriented PA56/512 has excellent mechanical strength, extensibility and water-oxygen barrier properties and has broad application prospects in green packaging, lithium battery diaphragm and medical equipment materials. The correlation between the aggregation structure evolution and macroscopic comprehensive properties of copolymer PA56/512 under biaxial stretching has been demonstrated in this work. The structure of the random copolymerization sequence was characterized by 13C Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The typical isodimorphism behavior of the co-crystallization system of PA56/512 and its BOPA-56/512 films was revealed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests. And the aggregation structure, including the hydrogen bond arrangement, crystal structure and crystal morphology of PA56/512 before and after biaxial stretching, was investigated by XRD, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and polarized optical microscopy (POM) tests. Furthermore, the effect of the biaxially-oriented stretching process on the mechanical properties of PA56/512 has been demonstrated. In addition, a deep insight into the influence of the structure on the crystallization process and physical-mechanical performance has been presented. The lowest melting point at a 512 content of 60 mol% is regarded as a "eutectic" point of the isodimorphism system. Due to the high disorder of the structural units in the polymer chain, the transition degree of the folded chain (gauche conformation) is relatively lowest when it is straightened to form an extended chain (trans conformation) during biaxially-oriented stretching, and part of the folded chain can be retained. This explains why biaxially stretched PA56/512 has high strength, outstanding toughness and excellent barrier properties at the pseudo-eutectic point. In this study, using the unique multi-scale aggregation structure characteristics of a heterohomodymite polyamide at the pseudo-eutectic point, combined with the new material design scheme and the idea of biaxial-stretching processing, a new idea for customized design of high-performance multifunctional polyamide synthetic materials is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diansong Gan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; (D.G.); (S.F.); (L.C.); (G.L.); (Z.X.); (X.Z.)
- Zhuzhou Times Engineering Plastics Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412008, China;
| | - Yuejun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; (D.G.); (S.F.); (L.C.); (G.L.); (Z.X.); (X.Z.)
| | - Tianhui Hu
- Zhuzhou Times Engineering Plastics Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou 412008, China;
| | - Shuhong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; (D.G.); (S.F.); (L.C.); (G.L.); (Z.X.); (X.Z.)
| | - Lingna Cui
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; (D.G.); (S.F.); (L.C.); (G.L.); (Z.X.); (X.Z.)
| | - Guangkai Liao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; (D.G.); (S.F.); (L.C.); (G.L.); (Z.X.); (X.Z.)
| | - Zhenyan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; (D.G.); (S.F.); (L.C.); (G.L.); (Z.X.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Packaging Materials and Technology of Hunan Province, School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; (D.G.); (S.F.); (L.C.); (G.L.); (Z.X.); (X.Z.)
| | - Kejian Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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2
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Wenzel JO, Santos Correa L, Schmidt S, Meier MAR. Benign synthesis of terpene-based 1,4-p-menthane diamine. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8055. [PMID: 38580709 PMCID: PMC10997780 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58615-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Terpenes represent a promising renewable feedstock for the substitution of fossil resources in the synthesis of renewable platform chemicals, like diamines. This work describes the synthesis and full characterization of 1,4-p-menthane diamine (1,4-PMD) obtained from α-terpinene (1). A two-step procedure using dibenzyl azodicarboxylate (DBAD) and H2 as rather benign reagents was employed under comparatively mild conditions. Both C-N bonds were formed simultaneously during a visible-light mediated Diels-Alder reaction, which was investigated in batch or flow, avoiding regioselectivity issues during the amination steps that are otherwise typical for terpene chemistry. Heterogeneously catalyzed quadruple hydrogenation of the cycloadduct (2a) yielded 1,4‑PMD (3). While the intermediate cycloadduct was shown to be distillable, the target diamine can be sublimed, offering sustainable purification methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas O Wenzel
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Luis Santos Correa
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sarah Schmidt
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael A R Meier
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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3
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Feng J, Han Y, Xu S, Liao Y, Wang Y, Xu S, Li H, Wang X, Chen K. Engineering RuBisCO-based shunt for improved cadaverine production in Escherichia coli. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 398:130529. [PMID: 38437969 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The process of biological fermentation is often accompanied by the release of CO2, resulting in low yield and environmental pollution. Refixing CO2 to the product synthesis pathway is an attractive approach to improve the product yield. Cadaverine is an important diamine used for the synthesis of bio-based polyurethane or polyamide. Here, aiming to increase its final production, a RuBisCO-based shunt consisting of the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) and phosphoribulate kinase (PRK) was expressed in cadaverine-producing E. coli. This shunt was calculated capable of increasing the maximum theoretical cadaverine yield based on flux model analysis. When a functional RuBisCO-based shunt was established and optimized in E. coli, the cadaverine production and yield of the final engineered strain reached the highest level, which were 84.1 g/L and 0.37 g/g Glucose, respectively. Thus, the design of in situ CO2 fixation provides a green and efficient industrial production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Han
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kequan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China.
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4
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Zhao Y, Zhang Q, Lei H, Zhou X, Du G, Pizzi A, Xi X. Preparation and fire resistance modification on tannin-based non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) rigid foams. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128994. [PMID: 38157632 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) as a new type of polyurethane material has become a hot research topic in the polyurethane industry due to its no utilization of toxic isocyanates during the synthesis process. And the developing on recyclable biomass materials has also much attention in the industrial sector, hence the preparation and application of bio-based NIPU has also become a very meaningful study work. So, in this paper, tannin as a biomass material was used to synthesize tannin based non-isocyanate polyurethanes (TNIPU) resin, and then successfully prepared a self-blowing TNIPU foam at room temperature by using formic acid as initiator and glutaraldehyde as cross-linking agent. The compressive strength of this foam as high as 0.8 MPa, which is an excellent compressive performance. Meanwhile it will return to the state before compression when removing the pressure. This indicating that the foam has good toughness. In addition, formic acid can react with the amino groups in TNIPU to form amide substances, and generated enough heat to initiate the foaming process. Glutaraldehyde, as a crosslinking agent, reacts with the amino group in TNIPU to form a network structure system. By scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation of the cell shapes, it can be seen that the foam cells were uniform in size and shape, and the cell pores showed open and closed cells. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) tested value of this TNIPU foam is 24.45 % without any flame retardant added, but compared to the LOI value of polyurethane foam (17 %-19 %), TNIPU foam reveal a better fire resistance. It has a wider application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsen Zhao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, College of Material science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, College of Material science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Hong Lei
- College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Zhejiang A&F University, 311300 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaojian Zhou
- International Joint Research Center for Biomass materials, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Guanben Du
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, College of Material science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China
| | - Antonio Pizzi
- LERMAB, University of Lorraine, 88000 Epinal, France
| | - Xuedong Xi
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glue Products, College of Material science and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, 650224 Kunming, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350108 Fuzhou, China.
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5
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Zhao S, Gong S, Zhao B, Hou L, Zhang L, Hu Q, Pan K. Mechanism Study of the Polymerization of Polyamide 56: Reaction Kinetics and Process Parameters. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300371. [PMID: 37657922 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Polyamide 56 (PA56) has gained significant attention in the academic field due to its remarkable mechanical and thermal properties as a highly efficient and versatile biobased material. Its superior moisture absorption property also makes it a unique advantage in the realm of fiber textiles. However, despite extensive investigations on PA56's molecular and aggregate state structure, as well as processing modifications, little attention has been paid to its polymerization mechanism. Herein, the influence of temperature and time on PA56's polycondensation reaction is detailed studied by end-group titration and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. The reaction kinetics equations for the pre-polymerization and vacuum melt-polymerization stages of PA56 are established, and possible side reactions during the polycondensation process are analyzed. By optimizing the reaction process based on kinetic characteristics, PA56 resin with superior comprehensive properties (melting temperature of 252.6 °C, degradation temperature of 371.6 °C, and tensile strength of 75 MPa) is obtained. The findings provide theoretical support for the industrial production of high-quality biobased PA56.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikun Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shun Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Biao Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Like Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lurong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qing Hu
- Petrochemical Research Institute of PetroChina, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Kai Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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6
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Erdmann R, Rennert M, Meins T. Influence of Epoxy Functional Chain-Extenders on the Thermal and Rheological Properties of Bio-Based Polyamide 10.10. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3571. [PMID: 37688199 PMCID: PMC10489988 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-based polyamide 10.10 (PA 10.10) has excellent properties compared to other bio-based polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA) or polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and is therefore used in more technical applications where higher strength is required. For foam and filament extrusion, a good balance between strength and stiffness of the polymer is needed. Therefore, two commercial chain-extenders (Joncryl® ADR types) with different epoxy functionalities are used to modify the melt properties of PA 10.10. The chain-extenders are used in a concentration range up to 1.25 wt.%. The range of glass transition temperature widens with increasing Joncryl® content, and the apparent activation energy shows a maximum at a concentration of 0.5 wt.%. Furthermore, the melting temperatures are constant and the crystallinity decreases with increasing chain-extender content due to the formation of branches. During the second heating run, a bimodal melting peak appeared, consisting of α-triclinic and pseudo γ-hexagonal crystals. The weight average molar masses (Mw) measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) increased linearly with increasing ADR 4400 content. In contrast, the compounds containing ADR 4468 show a maximum at 0.5 wt.% and it begins to decrease thereafter. The rheological data show an increase in viscosity with increasing chain-extender content due to branch formation. ATR spectra of the compounds show a decrease at the wavelength of the primary (3301 cm-1) and secondary (1634 cm-1) (-NH stretching in PA 10.10) amine, indicating that chain-extension, e.g., branching, takes place during compounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Erdmann
- Institute for Circular Economy of Bio:Polymers at Hof University (ibp), Hof University of Applied Sciences, Alfons-Goppel-Platz 1, 95028 Hof, Germany; (M.R.); (T.M.)
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7
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Falkenreck CK, Gemmeke N, Zarges JC, Heim HP. Influence of Accelerated Aging on the Fiber-Matrix Adhesion of Regenerated Cellulose Fiber-Reinforced Bio-Polyamide. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071606. [PMID: 37050220 PMCID: PMC10097342 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
With regard to the sustainability and biological origin of plastic components, regenerated cellulose fiber (RCF)-reinforced polymers are expected to replace other composites in the future. For use under severe conditions, for example, as a housing in the engine compartment, the resistance of the composites and the impact on the fiber and fiber-matrix adhesion must be investigated. Composites of bio-polyamide with a reinforcement of 20 wt.% RCF were compounded using a twin-screw extruder. The test specimens were manufactured with an injection molding machine and aged under conditions of high humidity at 90% r. H, a high temperature of 70 °C, and water storage using a water temperature of 23 °C for 504 h. Mechanical tests, single-fiber tensile tests (SFTT), single-fibre pull-out tests (SFPT), and optical characterization revealed significant changes in the properties of the composites. The results of the SFPT show that accelerated aging had a significant effect on the bio-polymer and an even stronger effect on the fiber, as the single-fiber tensile strength decreased by 27.5%. Supplementary notched impact strength tests revealed a correlation of the impact strength and the accelerated aging of the RCF-reinforced composites. In addition, it could be verified that the tensile strength also decreased at about 37% due to the aging effect on the RCF and a lowered fiber-matrix adhesion. The largest aging impact was on the Young's modulus with a decrease of 45% due to the accelerated aging. In summary, the results show that the strengthening effect with 20 wt.% RCF was highly decreased subsequent to the accelerated aging due to hydrolysis and debonding because of the shrinkage and swelling of the matrix and fiber. These scientific findings are essential, as it is important to ensure that this bio-based material used in the automotive sector can withstand these stresses without severe degradation. This study provides information about the aging behavior of RCF-reinforced bio-based polyamide, which provides fundamental insights for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Katharina Falkenreck
- Institute of Material Engineering, Polymer Engineering, University of Kassel, Moenchebergstr. 3, 34125 Kassel, Germany
| | - Nicole Gemmeke
- Institute of Material Engineering, Polymer Engineering, University of Kassel, Moenchebergstr. 3, 34125 Kassel, Germany
| | - Jan-Christoph Zarges
- Institute of Material Engineering, Polymer Engineering, University of Kassel, Moenchebergstr. 3, 34125 Kassel, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Heim
- Institute of Material Engineering, Polymer Engineering, University of Kassel, Moenchebergstr. 3, 34125 Kassel, Germany
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Catalytic Production of Functional Monomers from Lysine and Their Application in High-Valued Polymers. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine is a key raw material in the chemical industry owing to its sustainability, mature fermentation process and unique chemical structure, besides being an important nutritional supplement. Multiple commodities can be produced from lysine, which thus inspired various catalytic strategies for the production of these lysine-based chemicals and their downstream applications in functional polymer production. In this review, we present a fundamental and comprehensive study on the catalytic production process of several important lysine-based chemicals and their application in highly valued polymers. Specifically, we first focus on the synthesis process and some of the current industrial production methods of lysine-based chemicals, including ε-caprolactam, α-amino-ε-caprolactam and its derivatives, cadaverine, lysinol and pipecolic acid. Second, the applications and prospects of these lysine-based monomers in functional polymers are discussed such as derived poly (lysine), nylon-56, nylon-6 and its derivatives, which are all of growing interest in pharmaceuticals, human health, textile processes, fire control and electronic manufacturing. We finally conclude with the prospects of the development of both the design and synthesis of new lysine derivatives and the expansion of the as-synthesized lysine-based monomers in potential fields.
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9
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Gao S, Lu J, Wang T, Xu S, Wang X, Chen K, Ouyang P. A novel co-production of cadaverine and succinic acid based on a thermal switch system in recombinant Escherichia coli. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:248. [DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Polyamide (nylon) is an important material, which has aroused plenty of attention from all aspects. PA 5.4 is one kind of nylon with excellent property, which consists of cadaverine and succinic acid. Due to the environmental pollution, bio-production of cadaverine and succinic acid has been more attractive due to the less pollution and environmental friendliness. Microbes, like Escherichia coli, has been employed as cell factory to produce cadaverine and succinic acid. However, the accumulation of cadaverine will cause severe damage on cells resulting in inhibition on cell growth and cadaverine production. Herein, a novel two stage co-production of succinic acid and cadaverine was designed based on an efficient thermos-regulated switch to avoid the inhibitory brought by cadaverine.
Results
The fermentation process was divided into two phase, one for cell growth and lysine production and the other for cadaverine and succinic acid synthesis. The genes of ldhA and ackA were deleted to construct succinic acid pathway in cadaverine producer strain. Then, a thermal switch system based on pR/pL promoter and CI857 was established and optimized. The fermentation conditions were investigated that the optimal temperature for the first stage was determined as 33 ℃ and the optimal temperature for the second stage was 39 ℃. Additionally, the time to shifting temperature was identified as the fermentation anaphase. For further enhance cadaverine and succinic acid production, a scale-up fermentation in 5 L bioreactor was operated. As a result, the titer, yield and productivity of cadaverine was 55.58 g/L, 0.38 g/g glucose and 1.74 g/(L·h), respectively. 28.39 g/L of succinic acid was also obtained with yield of 0.19 g/g glucose.
Conclusion
The succinic acid metabolic pathway was constructed into cadaverine producer strain to realize the co-production of succinic acid and cadaverine. This study provided a novel craft for industrial co-production of cadaverine and succinic acid.
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Zhou L, Cheng K, Liu T, Li N, Zhang H, He Y. Fully bio-based poly (pentamethylene glutaramide) with high molecular weight and less glutaric acid cyclization via direct solid-state polymerization. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Biobased Copolyamides 56/66: Synthesis, Characterization and Crystallization Kinetics. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183879. [PMID: 36146024 PMCID: PMC9504581 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study synthesized a series of new biobased copolyamides (co-PAs), namely PA56/PA66 with various comonomer ratios, by using in situ polycondensation. The structures, compositions, behaviors, and crystallization kinetics of the co-PAs were investigated through proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The influence of the composition of co-PAs on their mechanical properties and thermal stability was investigated. The co-PAs exhibited a eutectic melting point when the PA56 content was 50 mol%, with the crystallization temperature decreasing from 229 to a minimum 188 °C and the melting temperature from 253 to a minimum 218 °C. The results indicated that the tensile strength and flexural modulus first decreased and then increased as the PA66 content increased. The nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of the PA56/PA66 co-PAs were analyzed using both the Avrami equation modifications presented by Jeziorny and Mo. The results also indicated that the crystallization rate of the PA56/PA66 co-PAs was higher than that of PA56.
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12
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Gupta NK, Reif P, Palenicek P, Rose M. Toward Renewable Amines: Recent Advances in the Catalytic Amination of Biomass-Derived Oxygenates. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kumar Gupta
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Department of Chemistry, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Phillip Reif
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Department of Chemistry, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Phillip Palenicek
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Department of Chemistry, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Marcus Rose
- Technical University of Darmstadt, Department of Chemistry, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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Highly Efficient Decarboxylation of L-Lysine to Cadaverine Catalyzed by RuO2 Encapsulated in FAU Zeolite. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12070733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of an efficient catalyst especially with a high productivity for decarboxylation of L-lysine to cadaverine, is of both industrial and economic significance. Here, we reported the synthesis of RuO2 well-confined in the supercage of FAU zeolite (RuO2@FAU) through in situ hydrothermal strategies. A set of characterizations, such as XRD, Raman, TEM, XPS, NH3-TPD and N2 physical adsorption, confirmed the successful encapsulation of RuO2 clusters (~1.5 nm) inside the FAU zeolite. RuO2@FAU had the higher cadaverine productivity of 120.9 g/L/h/mmol cat., which was almost six times that of traditionally supported ruthenium oxide catalysts (21.2 g/L/h/mmol cat.). RuO2@FAU catalysts with different ammonia exchange degrees, as well as different Si/Al ratios were further evaluated. After optimization, the highest cadaverine productivity of 480.3 g/L/h/mmol cat. was obtained. Deep analysis of the electronic properties of RuO2@FAU indicated that the surface defect structures, such as oxygen vacancies, played a vital role in the adsorption or activation of L-lysine which finally led to a boosted performance. Furthermore, the mechanism of decarboxylation of L-lysine to cadaverine was proposed.
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Delineating biosynthesis of Huperzine A, A plant-derived medicine for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 60:108026. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Han SW, Shin JS. Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylases: mechanistic features and microbial applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:4445-4458. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12028-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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16
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Song C, Li Y, Ma W. ATP is not essential for cadaverine production by Escherichia coli whole-cell bioconversion. J Biotechnol 2022; 353:44-50. [PMID: 35660066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
ATP plays an essential role in the substrate/product transmembrane transportation during whole-cell bioconversion. This study aimed to address the impact of ATP upon cadaverine synthesis by whole-cell biocatalysts. The results showed no significant change in the ATP content (P = 0.625), and the specific cadaverine yield (P = 0.374) was observed in enzyme-catalyzed cadaverine synthesis with exogenous addition of ATP, indicating that the enzyme-catalyzed process does not require the participation of ATP. Furthermore, a whole-cell biocatalyst co-overexpressed methionine adenosyltransferase (MetK), lysine decarboxylase (CadA), and lysine/cadaverine antiporter (CadB) was constructed and used to investigate the effect of ATP deficiency on the cadaverine production by conversion of L-methionine and L-lysine, simultaneously. The results showed no significant difference (P = 0.585) in the specific cadaverine content between high and low levels of intracellular ATP. In addition, the intra- and extracellular cadaverine concentration and the ratio of ATP/ADP of whole-cell biocatalyst were determined. Results showed that the extracellular cadaverine concentration was much higher than the intracellular concentration, and no significant changes in ATP/ADP ratio during cadaverine synthesis. In contrast, an inhibition effect of the proton motive force (PMF) inhibitor carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) on cadaverine production was detected. These findings strongly suggest that cadaverine transport in whole-cell biocatalysts was energized by PMF rather than ATP. Finally, a model was proposed to describe cadaverine's PMF-driven transport under different external pHs during whole-cell biocatalysis. This study is the first to experimentally confirm that the cadaverine production by Escherichia coli whole-cell bioconversion is independent of intracellular ATP, which helps guide the subsequent construction of biocatalysts and optimize transformation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenbin Song
- Tianshui Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Products Deep Processing, College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, 741001, China
| | - Yijing Li
- Tianshui Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Products Deep Processing, College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, 741001, China
| | - Weichao Ma
- Tianshui Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Products Deep Processing, College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, 741001, China.
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Zwitterionic peptides encircling-assisted enhanced catalytic performance of lysine decarboxylase for cadaverine biotransformation and mechanism analyses. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Xi Y, Ye L, Yu H. Enhanced thermal and alkaline stability of L-lysine decarboxylase CadA by combining directed evolution and computation-guided virtual screening. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:24. [PMID: 38647777 PMCID: PMC10992825 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00510-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important monomer for bio-based nylons PA5X, cadaverine is mainly produced by enzymatic decarboxylation of L-lysine. A key issue with this process is the instability of L-lysine decarboxylase (CadA) during the reaction due to the dissociation of CadA subunits with the accumulation of alkaline cadaverine. In this work, we attempted to improve the thermal and alkaline stability of CadA by combining directed evolution and computation-guided virtual screening. Interestingly, site 477 residue located at the protein surface and not the decamer interface was found as a hotspot in directed evolution. By combinatorial mutagenesis of the positive mutations obtained by directed evolution and virtual screening with the previously reported T88S mutation, K477R/E445Q/T88S/F102V was generated as the best mutant, delivering 37% improvement of cadaverine yield at 50 ºC and pH 8.0. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested the improved rigidity of regional structures, increased number of salt bridges, and enhancement of hydrogen bonds at the multimeric interface as possible origins of the improved stability of the mutant. Using this four-point mutant, 160.7 g/L of cadaverine was produced from 2.0 M Lysine hydrochloride at 50 °C without pH regulation, with a conversion of 78.5%, whereas the wild type produced 143.7 g/L cadaverine, corresponding to 70% conversion. This work shows the combination of directed evolution and virtual screening as an efficient protein engineering strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xi
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Lidan Ye
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311200, China.
| | - Hongwei Yu
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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Kang SB, Choi JI. Production of Cadaverine in Recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum Overexpressing Lysine Decarboxylase (ldcC) and Response Regulator dr1558. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:1013-1024. [PMID: 34529230 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03685-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the response regulator DR1558 from Deinococcus radiodurans was overexpressed in recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum with lysine decarboxylase (ldcC). The recombinant C. glutamicum strain overexpressing dr1558 and ldcC produced 5.9 g/L of cadaverine by flask cultivation, whereas the control strain overexpressing only ldcC produced 4.5 g/L of cadaverine. To investigate the mechanism underlying the effect of DR1558, the expression levels of genes related to central metabolism and lysine-biosynthesis were analyzed by quantitative-real time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pck) was downregulated, and pyruvate kinase (pyk) and other lysine biosynthesis genes were upregulated. Furthermore, in fed-batch fermentation, C. glutamicum coexpressing dr1558 produced 25.14 g/L of cadaverine, a 1.25-fold increase in concentration relative to the control. These results suggested that the heterologous expression of dr1558 may improve the production of biorefinery products by recombinant C. glutamicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soong-Bin Kang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Il Choi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Shentu X, Guan Y, Wang L, Pan J, Zheng A, Wei D, Xu X. Preparation of antibacterial down fibers by chemical grafting using novel guanidine salt oligomer. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Shentu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Yong Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Jin Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Anna Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Dafu Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
| | - Xiang Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai China
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21
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Lv X, Ma Z, Li X, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Li T. Highly efficient decarboxylation of L-lysine to cadaverine catalyzed by supported ruthenium oxide. CATAL COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2021.106339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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22
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Luo R, Qin Z, Zhou D, Wang D, Hu G, Su Z, Zhang S. Coupling the fermentation and membrane separation process for polyamides monomer cadaverine production from feedstock lysine. Eng Life Sci 2021; 21:623-629. [PMID: 34690633 PMCID: PMC8518567 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202000099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nylon is a polyamide material with excellent performance used widely in the aviation and automobile industries, and other fields. Nylon monomers such as hexamethylene diamine and other monomers are in huge demand. Therefore, in order to expand the methods of nylon production, we tried to develop alternative bio-manufacturing processes which would make a positive contribution to the nylon industry. In this study, the engineered E. coli-overexpressing Lysine decarboxylases (LDCs) were used for the bioconversion of l-lysine to cadaverine. An integrated fermentation and microfiltration (MF) process for high-level cadaverine production by E. coli was established. Concentration was increased from 87 to 263.6 g/L cadaverine after six batch coupling with a productivity of 3.65 g/L-h. The cadaverine concentration was also increased significantly from 0.43 g cadaverine/g l-lysine to 0.88 g cadaverine/g l-lysine by repeated batch fermentation. These experimental results indicate that coupling the fermentation and membrane separation process could benefit the continuous production of cadaverine at high levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoshi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and ControlChongqing UniversityChongqingP. R. China
- Department of Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqingP. R. China
| | - Zhao Qin
- Department of Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqingP. R. China
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqingP. R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and ControlChongqing UniversityChongqingP. R. China
- Department of Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqingP. R. China
| | - Ge Hu
- Department of Chemical EngineeringSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqingP. R. China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
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Wang X, Guo X, Wang J, Li H, He F, Xu S, Chen K, Ouyang P. Ameliorating end-product inhibition to improve cadaverine production in engineered Escherichia coli and its application in the synthesis of bio-based diisocyanates. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2021; 6:243-253. [PMID: 34584992 PMCID: PMC8446744 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadaverine is an important C5 platform chemical with a wide range of industrial applications. However, the cadaverine inhibition on the fermenting strain limited its industrial efficiency of the strain. In this study, we report an engineered Escherichia coli strain with high cadaverine productivity that was generated by developing a robust host coupled with metabolic engineering to mitigate cadaverine inhibition. First, a lysine producing E. coli was treated with a combination of radiation (ultraviolet and visible spectrum) and ARTP (atmospheric and room temperature plasma) mutagenesis to obtain a robust host with high cadaverine tolerance. Three mutant targets including HokD, PhnI and PuuR are identified for improved cadaverine tolerance. Further transcriptome analysis suggested that cadaverine suppressed the synthesis of ATP and lysine precursor. Accordingly, the related genes involved in glycolysis and lysine precursor, as well as cadaverine exporter was engineered to release the cadaverine inhibition. The final engineered strain was fed-batch cultured and a titer of 58.7 g/L cadaverine was achieved with a yield of 0.396 g/g, both of which were the highest level reported to date in E. coli. The bio-based cadaverine was purified to >99.6% purity, and successfully used for the synthesis of polyurethane precursor 1,5-pentamethylene diisocyanate (PDI) through the approach of carbamate decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, Jiangsu, China Bbitechnology and Bioengineering
| | - Xing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, Jiangsu, China Bbitechnology and Bioengineering
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, Jiangsu, China Bbitechnology and Bioengineering
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, Jiangsu, China Bbitechnology and Bioengineering
| | - Feng He
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, Jiangsu, China Bbitechnology and Bioengineering
| | - Sheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, Jiangsu, China Bbitechnology and Bioengineering
| | - Kequan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, Jiangsu, China Bbitechnology and Bioengineering
| | - Pingkai Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, Jiangsu, China Bbitechnology and Bioengineering
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24
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Siebert D, Altenbuchner J, Blombach B. A Timed Off-Switch for Dynamic Control of Gene Expression in Corynebacterium Glutamicum. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:704681. [PMID: 34395409 PMCID: PMC8358305 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.704681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic control of gene expression mainly relies on inducible systems, which require supplementation of (costly) inducer molecules. In contrast, synthetic regulatory circuits, which allow the timed shutdown of gene expression, are rarely available and therefore represent highly attractive tools for metabolic engineering. To achieve this, we utilized the VanR/P vanABK * regulatory system of Corynebacterium glutamicum, which consists of the transcriptional repressor VanR and a modified promoter of the vanABK operon (P vanABK *). VanR activity is modulated by one of the phenolic compounds ferulic acid, vanillin or vanillic acid, which are co-metabolized with d-glucose. Thus, gene expression in the presence of d-glucose is turned off if one of the effector molecules is depleted from the medium. To dynamically control the expression of the aceE gene, encoding the E1 subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex that is essential for growth on d-glucose, we replaced the native promoter by vanR/P vanABK * yielding C. glutamicum ΔP aceE ::vanR-P vanABK *. The biomass yield of this strain increased linearly with the supplemented amount of effector. After consumption of the phenolic compounds growth ceased, however, C. glutamicumΔP aceE ::vanR-P vanABK * continued to utilize the residual d-glucose to produce significant amounts of pyruvate, l-alanine, and l-valine. Interestingly, equimolar concentrations of the three phenolic compounds resulted in different biomass yields; and with increasing effector concentration, the product spectrum shifted from pyruvate over l-alanine to l-valine. To further test the suitability of the VanR/P vanABK * system, we overexpressed the l-valine biosynthesis genes ilvBNCE in C. glutamicum ΔP aceE ::vanR-P vanABK *, which resulted in efficient l-valine production with a yield of about 0.36 mol l-valine per mol d-glucose. These results demonstrate that the VanR/P vanABK * system is a valuable tool to control gene expression in C. glutamicum in a timed manner by the cheap and abundant phenolic compounds ferulic acid, vanillin, and vanillic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Siebert
- Microbial Biotechnology, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Straubing, Germany
- SynBiofoundry@TUM, Technical University of Munich, Straubing, Germany
| | - Josef Altenbuchner
- Institute of Industrial Genetics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bastian Blombach
- Microbial Biotechnology, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Straubing, Germany
- SynBiofoundry@TUM, Technical University of Munich, Straubing, Germany
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25
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Becker J, Wittmann C. Metabolic Engineering of
Corynebacterium glutamicum. Metab Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527823468.ch12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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26
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Huang Y, Ji X, Ma Z, Łężyk M, Xue Y, Zhao H. Green chemical and biological synthesis of cadaverine: recent development and challenges. RSC Adv 2021; 11:23922-23942. [PMID: 35479032 PMCID: PMC9036910 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02764f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadaverine has great potential to be used as an important monomer for the development of a series of high value-added products with market prospects. The most promising strategies for cadaverine synthesis involve using green chemical and bioconversion technologies. Herein, the review focuses on the progress and strategies towards the green chemical synthesis and biosynthesis of cadaverine. Specifically, we address the specific biosynthetic pathways of cadaverine from different substrates as well as extensively discussing the origination, structure and catalytic mechanism of the key lysine decarboxylases. The advanced strategies for process intensification, the separation and purification of cadaverine have been summarized. Furthermore, the challenging issues of the environmental, economic, and applicable impact for cadaverine production are also highlighted. This review concludes with the promising outlooks of state-of-the-art applications of cadaverine along with some insights toward their challenges and potential improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology Zhengzhou City Henan 450000 China
- Zhongke Langfang Institute of Process Engineering Langfang 065001 China
| | - Xiuling Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Zhanling Ma
- Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology Zhengzhou City Henan 450000 China
| | - Mateusz Łężyk
- Water Supply and Bioeconomy Division, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Poznan University of Technology Berdychowo 4 60-965 Poznan Poland
| | - Yaju Xue
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Hai Zhao
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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Dementyeva P, Freudenberg RA, Baier T, Rojek K, Wobbe L, Weisshaar B, Kruse O. A novel, robust and mating-competent Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strain with an enhanced transgene expression capacity for algal biotechnology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 31:e00644. [PMID: 34168966 PMCID: PMC8209186 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2021.e00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In the future, algae biotechnology could play an important role in sustainable development, especially with regard to the production of valuable chemicals. Among the established laboratory strains with efficient transgene expression, there are none that have demonstrated the required robustness for industrial applications, which generally require growth at larger scale. Here, we created a robust and mating-competent cell line of the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which also possesses a high transgene expression capacity. This strain shows a comparably high resistance to shear stress by accumulating increased amounts of biomass under these conditions. As a proof-of-concept, a high phototrophic productivity of cadaverine from CO2 and nitrate was demonstrated by efficiently expressing a bacterial l-lysine decarboxylase. In contrast to other established strains, this novel chassis strain for phototrophic production schemes is equipped with the traits required for industrial applications, by combining mating-competence, cell wall-mediated robustness and high level transgene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Dementyeva
- Algae Biotechnology and Bioenergy, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Robert A Freudenberg
- Algae Biotechnology and Bioenergy, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Baier
- Algae Biotechnology and Bioenergy, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Kristin Rojek
- Algae Biotechnology and Bioenergy, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lutz Wobbe
- Algae Biotechnology and Bioenergy, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Bernd Weisshaar
- Faculty of Biology, Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Olaf Kruse
- Algae Biotechnology and Bioenergy, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
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Gerlach T, Nugroho DL, Rother D. The Effect of Visible Light on the Catalytic Activity of PLP-Dependent Enzymes. ChemCatChem 2021; 13:2398-2406. [PMID: 34249169 PMCID: PMC8251830 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes are a versatile class of biocatalysts and feature a variety of industrial applications. However, PLP is light sensitive and can cause inactivation of enzymes in certain light conditions. As most of the PLP-dependent enzymes are usually not handled in dark conditions, we evaluated the effect of visible light on the activity of PLP-dependent enzymes during production as well as transformation. We tested four amine transaminases, from Chromobacterium violaceum, Bacillus megaterium, Vibrio fluvialis and a variant from Arthrobacter species as well as two lysine decarboxylases, from Selenomonas ruminantium and the LDCc from Escherichia coli. It appeared that five of these six enzymes suffered from a significant decrease in activity by up to 90 % when handled in laboratory light conditions. Surprisingly, only the amine transaminase variant from Arthrobacter species appeared to be unaffected by light exposure and even showed an activation to 150 % relative activity over the course of 6 h regardless of the light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Gerlach
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Biotechnology Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHWilhelm-Johnen-Straße52428JülichGermany
- Department Aachen Biology and BiotechnologyRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringer Weg 152062AachenGermany
| | - David Limanhadi Nugroho
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Biotechnology Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHWilhelm-Johnen-Straße52428JülichGermany
| | - Dörte Rother
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Biotechnology Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHWilhelm-Johnen-Straße52428JülichGermany
- Department Aachen Biology and BiotechnologyRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringer Weg 152062AachenGermany
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Freudenberg RA, Baier T, Einhaus A, Wobbe L, Kruse O. High cell density cultivation enables efficient and sustainable recombinant polyamine production in the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 323:124542. [PMID: 33385626 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Modern chemical industry calls for new resource-efficient and sustainable value chains for production of key base chemicals such as polyamines. The green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii offers great potential as an innovative green-cell factory by combining fast and inexpensive, phototrophic growth with mature genetic engineering. Here, overexpression of recombinant lysine decarboxylases in C. reinhardtii enabled the robust accumulation of the non-native polyamine cadaverine, which serves as building block for bio-polyamides. The issue of low cell densities, limiting most microalgal cultivation processes was resolved by systematically optimizing cultivation parameters. A new, easy-to-apply and fully phototrophic medium enables high cell density cultivations of C. reinhardtii with a 6-fold increase in biomass and cell count (20 g/L biomass dry weight, ~2·108 cells/mL). Application of high cell density cultivations in established photobioreactors resulted in a 10-fold increase of cadaverine yields, with up to 0.24 g/L after 9 days and maximal productivity of 0.1 g/L/d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Freudenberg
- Bielefeld University, Faculty of Biology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Baier
- Bielefeld University, Faculty of Biology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Alexander Einhaus
- Bielefeld University, Faculty of Biology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lutz Wobbe
- Bielefeld University, Faculty of Biology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Olaf Kruse
- Bielefeld University, Faculty of Biology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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30
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Tsuge Y, Matsuzawa H. Recent progress in production of amino acid-derived chemicals using Corynebacterium glutamicum. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:49. [PMID: 33569648 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Green chemical production by microbial processes is critical for the development of a sustainable society in the twenty-first century. Among the important industrial microorganisms, the gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum has been utilized for amino acid fermentation, which is one of the largest microbial-based industries. To date, several amino acids, including L-glutamic acid, L-lysine, and L-threonine, have been produced by C. glutamicum. The capability to produce substantial amounts of amino acids has gained immense attention because the amino acids can be used as a precursor to produce other high-value-added chemicals. Recent developments in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology technologies have enabled the extension of metabolic pathways from amino acids. The present review provides an overview of the recent progress in the microbial production of amino acid-derived bio-based monomers such as 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,5-diaminopentane, glutaric acid, 5-aminolevulinic acid, L-pipecolic acid, 4-amino-1-butanol, and 5-aminolevulinic acid, as well as building blocks for healthcare products and pharmaceuticals such as ectoine, L-theanine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid by metabolically engineered C. glutamicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yota Tsuge
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan. .,Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Matsuzawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
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Nguyen DTN, Lee OK, Nguyen TT, Lee EY. Type II methanotrophs: A promising microbial cell-factory platform for bioconversion of methane to chemicals. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 47:107700. [PMID: 33548453 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Methane, the predominant element in natural gas and biogas, represents a promising alternative to carbon feedstocks in the biotechnological industry due to its low cost and high abundance. The bioconversion of methane to value-added products can enhance the value of gas and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Methanotrophs, methane-utilizing bacteria, can make a significant contribution to the production of various valuable biofuels and chemicals from methane. Type II methanotrophs in comparison with Type I methanotrophs have distinct advantages, including high acetyl-CoA flux and the co-incorporation of two important greenhouse gases (methane and CO2), making it a potential microbial cell-factory platform for methane-derived biomanufacturing. Herein, we review the most recent advances in Type II methanotrophs related to multi-omics studies and metabolic engineering. Representative examples and prospects of metabolic engineering strategies for the production of suitable products are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diep Thi Ngoc Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Kyung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Thu Thi Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Wang X, Gao S, Wang J, Xu S, Li H, Chen K, Ouyang P. The production of biobased diamines from renewable carbon sources: Current advances and perspectives. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Osire T, Yang T, Xu M, Zhang X, Long M, Ngon NKA, Rao Z. Integrated gene engineering synergistically improved substrate-product transport, cofactor generation and gene translation for cadaverine biosynthesis in E. coli. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:8-17. [PMID: 33301846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Several approaches for efficient production of cadaverine, a bio-based diamine with broad industrial applications have been explored. Here, Serratia marcescens lysine decarboxylase (SmcadA) was expressed in E. coli; mild surfactants added in biotransformation reactions; the E. coli native lysine/cadaverine antiporter cadB, E. coli pyridoxal kinases pdxK and pdxY overexpressed and synthetic RBS libraries screened. Addition of mild surfactants and overexpression of antiporter cadB increased cadaverine biosynthesis of SmcadA. Moreover, expression of pdxY gene yielded 19.82 g/L in a reaction mixture containing added cofactor precursor pyridoxal (PL), without adding exogenous PLP. The screened synthetic RBS1, applied to fully exploit pdxY gene expression, ultimately resulted in PLP self-sufficiency, producing 27.02 g/L cadaverine using strain T7R1_PL. To boost SmcadA catalytic activity, the designed mutants Arg595Lys and Ser512Ala had significantly improved cumulative cadaverine production of 219.54 and 201.79 g/L respectively compared to the wild-type WT (181.62 g/L), after 20 h reaction. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations for WT and variants indicated that increased flexibility at the binding sites of the protein enhanced residue-ligand interactions, contributing to high cadaverine synthesis. This work demonstrates potential of harnessing different pull factors through integrated gene engineering of efficient biocatalysts and gaining insight into the mechanisms involved through MD simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolbert Osire
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 LiHu Boulevard, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Taowei Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 LiHu Boulevard, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meijuan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 LiHu Boulevard, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 LiHu Boulevard, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengfei Long
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 LiHu Boulevard, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Noelle Kewang A Ngon
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 LiHu Boulevard, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiming Rao
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 LiHu Boulevard, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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Abstract
Diamines are important monomers for polyamide plastics; they include 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,5-diaminopentane, and 1,6-diaminohexane, among others. With increasing attention on environmental problems and green sustainable development, utilizing renewable raw materials for the synthesis of diamines is crucial for the establishment of a sustainable plastics industry. Recently, high-performance microbial factories, such as Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum, have been widely used in the production of diamines. In particular, several synthetic pathways of 1,6-diaminohexane have been proposed based on glutamate or adipic acid. Here, we reviewed approaches for the biosynthesis of diamines, including metabolic engineering and biocatalysis, and the application of bio-based diamines in nylon materials. The related challenges and opportunities in the development of renewable bio-based diamines and nylon materials are also discussed.
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Ting WW, Ng IS. Metabolic manipulation through CRISPRi and gene deletion to enhance cadaverine production in Escherichia coli. J Biosci Bioeng 2020; 130:553-562. [PMID: 32792329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to the limiting natural resources, greenhouse effect and global warming crisis, the bio-based chemicals which are environmentally friendly materials have gradually become urgent and important. Cadaverine, a 1,5-diaminopentane (DAP), is widely used as block chemicals for synthesis of biopolymer, which can be produced from lysine by lysine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.18) in Escherichia coli. However, the DAP will be further utilized into by-products through downstream genes of speE, puuA, speG and ygjG, which decrease the amount of product. In this study, two approaches including Lambda-Red system for gene knockout, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interference (CRISPRi) for gene knockdown; are explored to manipulate the metabolic flux among 26 genetic E. coli. As a result, CadA driven by inducible T7 promoter accumulated more DAP from CRISPRi targeted on single-gene repressive strains such as BT7AiE, BT7AiP, BT7AiG and BT7AiY. The highest DAP titer and productivity was obtained to 38 g/L and 2.67 g/L/h in BT7AiY (repression of ygjG). We also investigated the co-factor pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) effect on lysine consumption and DAP production from different E. coli derivatives. In contrast to CRISPRi-mediated strains, 4 genes knockout strain (BT7AdEPGY) deal with 98% lysine consumption and achieved 37.45 g/L DAP and 3.17 g/L/h DAP productivity. The metabolic regulation by CRISPRi is a simple strategy and the results are consistent with gene knockout to manipulate the pathway for DAP production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Wen Ting
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - I-Son Ng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
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36
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Liu H, Yang P, Li Z, Wen Q, Li X, Zhu C, Jiao P, Zhuang W, Wu J, Ying H. Thermodynamics, Characterization, and Polymorphic Transformation of 1,5-Pentanediamine Carbonate. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Liu
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, 211816 Nanjing, China
| | - Pengpeng Yang
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, 211816 Nanjing, China
| | - Zihan Li
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, 211816 Nanjing, China
| | - Qingshi Wen
- Industrial Biotechnology Institute of Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, 211816 Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, 211816 Nanjing, China
| | - Chenjie Zhu
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, 211816 Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Jiao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, No. 1638, Wolong Road, 473061 Nanyang, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, 211816 Nanjing, China
| | - Jinglan Wu
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, 211816 Nanjing, China
| | - Hanjie Ying
- National Engineering Technique Research Center for Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30, Puzhu South Road, 211816 Nanjing, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, No. 100, Science Avenue, 450001 Zhengzhou, China
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37
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An environmentally friendly strategy for cadaverine bio-production: in situ utilization of CO2 self-released from L-lysine decarboxylation for pH control. J CO2 UTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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38
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Facilitating the enzymatic conversion of lysineto cadaverine in engineered Escherichia coli with metabolic regulation by genes deletion. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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39
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Leong YK, Chen CH, Huang SF, Lin HY, Li SF, Ng IS, Chang JS. High-level l-lysine bioconversion into cadaverine with enhanced productivity using engineered Escherichia coli whole-cell biocatalyst. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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40
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Mindt M, Walter T, Kugler P, Wendisch VF. Microbial Engineering for Production of N-Functionalized Amino Acids and Amines. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e1900451. [PMID: 32170807 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
N-functionalized amines play important roles in nature and occur, for example, in the antibiotic vancomycin, the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, the cytostatic actinomycin, the siderophore aerobactin, the cyanogenic glucoside linamarin, and the polyamine spermidine. In the pharmaceutical and fine-chemical industries N-functionalized amines are used as building blocks for the preparation of bioactive molecules. Processes based on fermentation and on enzyme catalysis have been developed to provide sustainable manufacturing routes to N-alkylated, N-hydroxylated, N-acylated, or other N-functionalized amines including polyamines. Metabolic engineering for provision of precursor metabolites is combined with heterologous N-functionalizing enzymes such as imine or ketimine reductases, opine or amino acid dehydrogenases, N-hydroxylases, N-acyltransferase, or polyamine synthetases. Recent progress and applications of fermentative processes using metabolically engineered bacteria and yeasts along with the employed enzymes are reviewed and the perspectives on developing new fermentative processes based on insight from enzyme catalysis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Mindt
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Biology and CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany.,BU Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Tatjana Walter
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Biology and CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Pierre Kugler
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Biology and CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Volker F Wendisch
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Biology and CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
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41
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Olughu W, Nienow A, Hewitt C, Rielly C. Scale-down studies for the scale-up of a recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum fed-batch fermentation: loss of homogeneity leads to lower levels of cadaverine production. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (OXFORD, OXFORDSHIRE : 1986) 2020; 95:675-685. [PMID: 32139953 PMCID: PMC7043379 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.6248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The loss of efficiency and performance of bioprocesses on scale-up is well known, but not fully understood. This work addresses this problem, by studying the effect of some fermentation gradients (pH, glucose and oxygen) that occur at the larger scale in a bench-scale two-compartment reactor [plug flow reactor (PFR) + stirred tank reactor (STR)] using the cadaverine-producing recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum DM1945 Δact3 Ptuf-ldcC_OPT. The new scale-down strategy developed here studied the effect of increasing the magnitude of fermentation gradients by considering not only the average cell residence time in the PFR (τ PFR), but also the mean frequency at which the bacterial cells entered the PFR (f m) section of the two-compartment reactor. RESULTS On implementing this strategy the cadaverine production decreased on average by 26%, 49% and 59% when the τ PFR was increased from 1 to 2 min and then 5 min respectively compared to the control fermentation. The carbon dioxide productivity was highest (3.1-fold that of the control) at a τ PFR of 5 min, but no losses were observed in biomass production. However, the population of viable but non-culturable cells increased as the magnitude of fermentation gradients was increased. The new scale-down approach was also shown to have a bigger impact on fermentation performance than the traditional one. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that C. glutamicum DM1945 Δact3 Ptuf-ldcC_OPT physiological response was a function of the magnitude of fermentation gradients simulated. The adaptations of a bacterial cell within a heterogeneous environment ultimately result in losses in fermentation productivity as observed here. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Williams Olughu
- Department of Chemical EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
- Ipsen Biopharma LtdWrexhamUK
| | - Alvin Nienow
- Department of Chemical EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- School of Life and Health SciencesAston UniversityBirminghamUK
| | - Chris Hewitt
- School of Life and Health SciencesAston UniversityBirminghamUK
| | - Chris Rielly
- Department of Chemical EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
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42
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Metabolic engineering for the production of dicarboxylic acids and diamines. Metab Eng 2020; 58:2-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Matthews NE, Cizauskas CA, Layton DS, Stamford L, Shapira P. Collaborating constructively for sustainable biotechnology. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19033. [PMID: 31836745 PMCID: PMC6910968 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tackling the pressing sustainability needs of society will require the development and application of new technologies. Biotechnology, emboldened by recent advances in synthetic biology, offers to generate sustainable biologically-based routes to chemicals and materials as alternatives to fossil-derived incumbents. Yet, the sustainability potential of biotechnology is not without trade-offs. Here, we probe this capacity for sustainability for the case of bio-based nylon using both deliberative and analytical approaches within a framework of Constructive Sustainability Assessment. We highlight the potential for life cycle CO2 and N2O savings with bio-based processes, but report mixed results in other environmental and social impact categories. Importantly, we demonstrate how this knowledge can be generated collaboratively and constructively within companies at an early stage to anticipate consequences and to inform the modification of designs and applications. Application of the approach demonstrated here provides an avenue for technological actors to better understand and become responsive to the sustainability implications of their products, systems and actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas E Matthews
- Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, Alliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Booth Street West, Manchester, M15 6PB, UK.
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, The Mill, Sackville Street, Manchester, M1 3AL, UK.
- Manchester Synthetic Biology Research Centre for Fine and Speciality Chemicals, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
| | | | | | - Laurence Stamford
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, The Mill, Sackville Street, Manchester, M1 3AL, UK
| | - Philip Shapira
- Manchester Institute of Innovation Research, Alliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Booth Street West, Manchester, M15 6PB, UK
- Manchester Synthetic Biology Research Centre for Fine and Speciality Chemicals, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
- School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0345, USA
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44
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Bio-based routes to synthesize cyclic carbonates and polyamines precursors of non-isocyanate polyurethanes: A review. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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45
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Kim H, Yoo HY, Park N, Kim H, Lee J, Baek Y, Lee T, Oh JM, Cho J, Park C. Enhanced l-Lysine into 1,5-Diaminopentane Conversion via Statistical Optimization of Whole-Cell Decarboxylation System. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1372. [PMID: 31434281 PMCID: PMC6723696 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The global lysine companies in the feed industry have steadily built their production facilities due to the high demand for l-lysine in animal farms, and in recent years there have been excessive supply problems and the world market price of l-lysine has fallen. In this study, the conversion of 1,5-diaminopentane (DAP) by decarboxylation of l-lysine was strategically chosen to enhance the value of lysine. The decarboxylation is enzymatically accessible, and Hafnia alvei, which is the producer of l-lysine decarboxylase, was applied as a whole-cell form. In the designed whole-cell biocatalytic system, the major four reaction factors were selected by fundamental investigation and then statistical optimization was performed to estimate the optimum condition. The predicted conversion was assessed at about 94.6% at the optimum conditions (125.1 mM l-lysine and 71.5 g/L acetone concentration at 35.2 °C for 8.4 h). Under the determined conditions, DAP conversions by using analytical, feed and industrial crude l-lysine were found to be 98.3%, 92.5% and 72.4%, respectively. These results could be suggested to solve the problem of excessive supplied lysine and also to provide guidance for improved enzymatic conversion by statistical optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyong Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Hah Young Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea
| | - Nohseong Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Haeun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Jongwha Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Yesol Baek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Taek Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Jong-Min Oh
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Jaehoon Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
- Green Materials and Process R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), ChonAn 31056, Korea
| | - Chulhwan Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea.
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High-Level Conversion of l-lysine into Cadaverine by Escherichia coli Whole Cell Biocatalyst Expressing Hafnia alvei l-lysine Decarboxylase. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11071184. [PMID: 31337154 PMCID: PMC6680443 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadaverine is a C5 diamine monomer used for the production of bio-based polyamide 510. Cadaverine is produced by the decarboxylation of l-lysine using a lysine decarboxylase (LDC). In this study, we developed recombinant Escherichia coli strains for the expression of LDC from Hafnia alvei. The resulting recombinant XBHaLDC strain was used as a whole cell biocatalyst for the high-level bioconversion of l-lysine into cadaverine without the supplementation of isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) for the induction of protein expression and pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), a key cofactor for an LDC reaction. The comparison of results from enzyme characterization of E. coli and H. alvei LDC revealed that H. alvei LDC exhibited greater bioconversion ability than E. coli LDC due to higher levels of protein expression in all cellular fractions and a higher specific activity at 37 °C (1825 U/mg protein > 1003 U/mg protein). The recombinant XBHaLDC and XBEcLDC strains were constructed for the high-level production of cadaverine. Recombinant XBHaLDC produced a 1.3-fold higher titer of cadaverine (6.1 g/L) than the XBEcLDC strain (4.8 g/L) from 10 g/L of l-lysine. Furthermore, XBHaLDC, concentrated to an optical density (OD600) of 50, efficiently produced 136 g/L of cadaverine from 200 g/L of l-lysine (97% molar yield) via an IPTG- and PLP-free whole cell bioconversion reaction. Cadaverine synthesized via a whole cell biocatalyst reaction using XBHaLDC was purified to polymer grade, and purified cadaverine was successfully used for the synthesis of polyamide 510. In conclusion, an IPTG- and PLP-free whole cell bioconversion process of l-lysine into cadaverine, using recombinant XBHaLDC, was successfully utilized for the production of bio-based polyamide 510, which has physical and thermal properties similar to polyamide 510 synthesized from chemical-grade cadaverine.
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Matsuura R, Kishida M, Konishi R, Hirata Y, Adachi N, Segawa S, Imao K, Tanaka T, Kondo A. Metabolic engineering to improve 1,5‐diaminopentane production from cellobiose using β‐glucosidase‐secreting
Corynebacterium glutamicum. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:2640-2651. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.27082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rena Matsuura
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University Kobe Japan
| | - Mayumi Kishida
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University Kobe Japan
| | - Rie Konishi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University Kobe Japan
| | - Yuuki Hirata
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University Kobe Japan
| | - Noriko Adachi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University Kobe Japan
| | - Shota Segawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University Kobe Japan
| | - Kenta Imao
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University Kobe Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Kobe University Kobe Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation Kobe University Kobe Japan
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science RIKEN Wako Saitama Japan
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Moon YM, Yang SY, Choi TR, Jung HR, Song HS, Han YH, Park HY, Bhatia SK, Gurav R, Park K, Kim JS, Yang YH. Enhanced production of cadaverine by the addition of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide to whole cell system with regeneration of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate and ATP. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 127:58-64. [PMID: 31088617 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cadaverine, also known as 1,5-pentanediamine, is an important platform chemical with a wide range of applications and can be produced either by fermentation or bioconversion. Bioconversion of cadaverine from l-lysine is the preferred method because of its many benefits, including rapid reaction time and an easy downstream process. In our previous study, we replaced pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP) with pyridoxal kinase (PdxY) along with pyridoxal (PL) because it could achieve 80% conversion with 0.4 M of l-lysine in 6 h. However, conversion was sharply decreased in the presence of high concentrations of l-lysine (i.e., 1 M), resulting in less than 40% conversion after several hours. In this study, we introduced an ATP regeneration system using polyphosphate kinase (ppk) into systems containing cadaverine decarboxylase (CadA) and PdxY for a sufficient supply of PLP, which resulted in enhanced cadaverine production. In addition, to improve transport efficiency, the use of surfactants was tested. We found that membrane permeabilization via hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) increased the yield of cadaverine in the presence of high concentrations of l-lysine. By combining these two strategies, the ppk system and addition of CTAB, we enhanced cadaverine production up to 100% with 1 M of l-lysine over the course of 6 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mi Moon
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Rim Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Jung
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Suk Song
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Hoon Han
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Yeon Park
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications (CBRU), Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ranjit Gurav
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmoon Park
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong Ro 2639, Jochiwon, Sejong City, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Wendisch VF. Metabolic engineering advances and prospects for amino acid production. Metab Eng 2019; 58:17-34. [PMID: 30940506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Amino acid fermentation is one of the major pillars of industrial biotechnology. The multi-billion USD amino acid market is rising steadily and is diversifying. Metabolic engineering is no longer focused solely on strain development for the bulk amino acids L-glutamate and L-lysine that are produced at the million-ton scale, but targets specialty amino acids. These demands are met by the development and application of new metabolic engineering tools including CRISPR and biosensor technologies as well as production processes by enabling a flexible feedstock concept, co-production and co-cultivation schemes. Metabolic engineering advances are exemplified for specialty proteinogenic amino acids, cyclic amino acids, omega-amino acids, and amino acids functionalized by hydroxylation, halogenation and N-methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker F Wendisch
- Genetics of Prokaryotes, Faculty of Biology and Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Conrady M, Lemoine A, Limberg MH, Oldiges M, Neubauer P, Junne S. Carboxylic acid consumption and production by Corynebacterium glutamicum. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2804. [PMID: 30851150 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum is well-known as an industrial workhorse, most notably for its use in the bulk production of amino acids in the feed and food sector. Previous studies of the effect of gradients in scale-down reactors with complex media disclosed an accumulation of several carboxylic acids and a parallel decrease of growth and product accumulation. This study, therefore, addresses the impact of carboxylic acids, for example, acetate and l-lactate, on the cultivation of the cadaverine producing strain C. glutamicum DM1945Δact3:Ptuf -ldcCopt and their potential role in scale up related performance losses. A fluctuating power input in shake flask and stirred tank cultivations with mineral salt was applied to mimic discontinuous oxygen availability. Results demonstrate, whenever sufficient oxygen was available, C. glutamicum recovered from previously occurring stressful conditions like an oxygen limiting phase. Reassimilation of acids was detected simultaneously. In cultures, which were supplemented with either acetate or l-lactate, a rapid cometabolization of both acids in presence of glucose was observed, showing conversion rates of 7.8 and 3.8 mmol gcell dry weight -1 hr-1 , respectively. Uptake of these acids was accompanied by increased oxygen consumption. Proteins related to oxidative stress response, glycogen synthesis, and the main carbon metabolism were found in altered concentrations under oscillatory cultivation conditions. (Proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD012760). Virtually no impact on growth or product formation was observed. We conclude that the reduced growth and product formation in scale-down cultivations when complex media was used is not caused by the accumulation of carboxylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Conrady
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioprocess Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Lemoine
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioprocess Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael H Limberg
- Research Centre Juelich, IBG-1-Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Biotechnology, Juelich, Germany.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Aachen, Germany
| | - Marco Oldiges
- Research Centre Juelich, IBG-1-Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Biotechnology, Juelich, Germany
| | - Peter Neubauer
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioprocess Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Junne
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioprocess Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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