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Aoki J, Ozaki T, Koshikawa R, Sasaki D, Kitajima K, Yoshida Y, Nakajima H, Asayama M. Effective cultivation conditions and safety evaluation of filamentous cyanobacteria producing phycocyanins with antiglycation activities. J Biotechnol 2024; 391:64-71. [PMID: 38844247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
We investigated suitable culture conditions for the production of the blue pigment phycocyanin (PC) from the unique filamentous cyanobacteria Pseudanabaena sp. ABRG5-3 and Limnothrix sp. SK1-2-1. White, green, or red LED irradiation at 30 μmol photons/m2/s was effective for phycocyanin production when compared with Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) sp. NIES-39, which is generally grown under high light irradiation. To investigate the safety of the cyanobacteria, ABRG5-3 cells were subjected to Ames (reverse mutation) tests and single oral-dose rat studies, which revealed non-mutagenic and non-toxic properties. When three purified phycocyanins (abPC, skPC, and spPC) were subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis, they showed different mobility, indicating that each phycocyanin has unique properties. abPC exhibited strong antiglycation activities as novel function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinichi Aoki
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan; United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Takato Ozaki
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
| | - Runa Koshikawa
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
| | - Daisaku Sasaki
- BioX Chemical Industries Co. Ltd., Hiroshima 733-0844, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Kitajima
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshida
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
| | - Hiromi Nakajima
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
| | - Munehiko Asayama
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan; United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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Hayashi Y, Arai M. Recent advances in the improvement of cyanobacterial enzymes for bioalkane production. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:256. [PMID: 36503511 PMCID: PMC9743570 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01981-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of biologically produced alkanes has attracted considerable attention as an alternative energy source to petroleum. In 2010, the alkane synthesis pathway in cyanobacteria was found to include two small globular proteins, acyl-(acyl carrier protein [ACP]) reductase (AAR) and aldehyde deformylating oxygenase (ADO). AAR produces fatty aldehydes from acyl-ACPs/CoAs, which are then converted by ADO to alkanes/alkenes equivalent to diesel oil. This discovery has paved the way for alkane production by genetically modified organisms. Since then, many studies have investigated the reactions catalyzed by AAR and ADO. In this review, we first summarize recent findings on structures and catalytic mechanisms of AAR and ADO. We then outline the mechanism by which AAR and ADO form a complex and efficiently transfer the insoluble aldehyde produced by AAR to ADO. Furthermore, we describe recent advances in protein engineering studies on AAR and ADO to improve the efficiency of alkane production in genetically engineered microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and cyanobacteria. Finally, the role of alkanes in cyanobacteria and future perspectives for bioalkane production using AAR and ADO are discussed. This review provides strategies for improving the production of bioalkanes using AAR and ADO in cyanobacteria for enabling the production of carbon-neutral fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Hayashi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XEnvironmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Munehito Arai
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDepartment of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
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Aoki J, Sasaki D, Asayama M. Development of a method for phycocyanin recovery from filamentous cyanobacteria and evaluation of its stability and antioxidant capacity. BMC Biotechnol 2021; 21:40. [PMID: 34134665 PMCID: PMC8210370 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-021-00692-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most commercial phycocyanins are extracted from a filamentous cyanobacterium, Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis. Owing to the expenses of culture and complexities of the physical and chemical methods of phycocyanin purification, a more effective and simple method is required. RESULTS We developed a new method for efficiently recovering the blue pigment protein, phycocyanin, from unique filamentous cyanobacteria, Pseudanabaena sp. ABRG5-3 and Limnothrix sp. SK1-2-1. The cells were cultivated in economy medium BG11 and lysed by adding water in a 1:16 ratio of wet cells to water. After extraction and purification, 28-30% dry cell weight of phycocyanin was obtained and its purity was confirmed. The stabilities of the phycocyanins at different pH in the presence of high temperature and light conditions and their antioxidant abilities were assessed. Results indicated that the phycocyanins were stable and possessed antioxidant properties. Interestingly, the Pseudanabaena phycocyanin was less likely to deteriorate under acidic conditions. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we developed a promising and novel method for producing high functional phycocyanin concentrations at a low cost. The possibilities of adapting this new phycocyanin biorefinery to unique bioreactor utilization have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinichi Aoki
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Daisaku Sasaki
- BioX Chemical Industries Co. Ltd., 2-20-11 Inokuchidai, Nishi-ku, Hiroshima 733-0844, Japan
| | - Munehiko Asayama
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan.
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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Arai M, Hayashi Y, Kudo H. Cyanobacterial Enzymes for Bioalkane Production. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1080:119-154. [PMID: 30091094 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0854-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial biosynthesis of alkanes is an attractive way of producing substitutes for petroleum-based fuels. Key enzymes for bioalkane production in cyanobacteria are acyl-ACP reductase (AAR) and aldehyde-deformylating oxygenase (ADO). AAR catalyzes the reduction of the fatty acyl-ACP/CoA substrates to fatty aldehydes, which are then converted into alkanes/alkenes by ADO. These enzymes have been widely used for biofuel production by metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria and other organisms. However, both proteins, particularly ADO, have low enzymatic activities, and their catalytic activities are desired to be improved for use in biofuel production. Recently, progress has been made in the basic sciences and in the application of AAR and ADO in alkane production. This chapter provides an overview of recent advances in the study of the structure and function of AAR and ADO, protein engineering of these enzymes for improving activity and modifying substrate specificities, and examples of metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria and other organisms using AAR and ADO for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munehito Arai
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yuuki Hayashi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kudo
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Aoki J, Kawamata T, Kodaka A, Minakawa M, Imamura N, Tsuzuki M, Asayama M. Biofuel production utilizing a dual-phase cultivation system with filamentous cyanobacteria. J Biotechnol 2018; 280:55-61. [PMID: 29678391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Biomass yields and biofuel production were examined in a dual (solid and liquid)-phase cultivation system (DuPHA) with the unique filamentous cyanobacteria, Pseudanabaena sp. ABRG 5-3 and Limnothrix sp. SK1-2-1. Continuous circular cultivation was driven under the indoor closed (IC) or indoor opened (IO) conditions and provided biomass yields of approximately 8-27 g dry cell weight (DCW) floor m-2 d-1. Alkanes of heptadecane (C17H36) or pentadecane (C15H32) as liquid biofuels were also recovered from the lower liquid-phase, in which cyanobacteria were dropped from the upper solid-phase and continuously cultivated with a small amount of medium. After the main cultivation in DuPHA, the upper solid-phase of a cotton cloth on which cyanobacteria grew was dried and directly subjected to a combustion test. This resulted in the thermal power (kJ s-1) of the cloth with microalgae increasing approximately 20-50% higher than that of the cloth only, suggesting a possibility of using the solid phase with microalgae as solid biofuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinichi Aoki
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan; United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Toru Kawamata
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
| | - Asuka Kodaka
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
| | - Masayuki Minakawa
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
| | - Nobukazu Imamura
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mikio Tsuzuki
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Munehiko Asayama
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan; United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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Sugawara T, Chinzei M, Numano S, Kitazaki C, Asayama M. Flocculation and pentadecane production of a novel filamentous cyanobacterium Limnothrix sp. strain SK1-2-1. Biotechnol Lett 2018; 40:829-836. [PMID: 29508163 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-018-2525-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A novel filamentous cyanobacterium, a photosynthesizing microorganism, was isolated from a river, and its unique features of flocculation and pentadecane production were characterized. RESULTS Microscopic observations and a phylogenetic analysis with 16S rDNA revealed that this strain was a Limnothrix species denoted as the SK1-2-1 strain. Auto cell-flocculation was observed when this strain was exposed to a two-step incubation involving a standing cultivation following a shaking preincubation. Flocculation was enhanced by blue light at a wavelength at 470 nm and irradiation for several hours to 1 day. Moreover, the strain exhibiting exponential cell growth may preferentially accumulate alkanes as pentadecane C15H32 alkane, which may be used as jet fuel, at a range of approximately 1% in the dry cell weight of flocculated cells. CONCLUSION This is the first study on biofuel production using flocculated cells in which the specific manner of production may be regulated by cultivation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sugawara
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
| | - Mariko Chinzei
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
| | - Setsuko Numano
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
| | - Chifumi Kitazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan
| | - Munehiko Asayama
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan. .,Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan. .,United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
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Kudoh K, Kubota G, Fujii R, Kawano Y, Ihara M. Exploration of the 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthases suitable for the creation of a robust isoprenoid biosynthesis system. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 123:300-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Hondo S, Takahashi M, Osanai T, Matsuda M, Hasunuma T, Tazuke A, Nakahira Y, Chohnan S, Hasegawa M, Asayama M. Genetic engineering and metabolite profiling for overproduction of polyhydroxybutyrate in cyanobacteria. J Biosci Bioeng 2015; 120:510-7. [PMID: 26055446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Genetic engineering and metabolite profiling for the overproduction of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), which is a carbon material in biodegradable plastics, were examined in the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Transconjugants harboring cyanobacterial expression vectors that carried the pha genes for PHB biosynthesis were constructed. The overproduction of PHB by the engineering cells was confirmed through microscopic observations using Nile red, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). We successfully recovered PHB from transconjugants prepared from nitrogen-depleted medium without sugar supplementation in which PHB reached approximately 7% (w/w) of the dry cell weight, showing a value of 12-fold higher productivity in the transconjugant than that in the control strain. We also measured the intracellular levels of acetyl-CoA, acetoacetyl-CoA, and 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA (3HB-CoA), which are intermediate products for PHB. The results obtained indicated that these products were absent or at markedly low levels when cells were subjected to the steady-state growth phase of cultivation under nitrogen depletion for the overproduction of bioplastics. Based on these results, efficient factors were discussed for the overproduction of PHB in recombinant cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Hondo
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takahashi
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
| | - Takashi Osanai
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan; RIKEN Genomic Sciences Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mami Matsuda
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan; Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan; Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Akio Tazuke
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakahira
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
| | - Shigeru Chohnan
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
| | - Morifumi Hasegawa
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan
| | - Munehiko Asayama
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki 300-0393, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
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Yoshida S, Takahashi M, Ikeda A, Fukuda H, Kitazaki C, Asayama M. Overproduction and easy recovery of biofuels from engineered cyanobacteria, autolyzing multicellular cells. J Biochem 2015; 157:519-27. [PMID: 25661591 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvv011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The semi-filamentous multicellular cyanobacterium Limnothrix/Pseudanabaena sp. strain ABRG5-3 undergoes autolysis, which involves the accumulation of polyphosphate compounds and disintegration of thylakoid membranes in cells, as a unique feature that occurs due to growth conditions. In this study, the overexpression and easy recovery of alkane (a saturated hydrocarbon, C17H36) as a biofuel were examined in recombinants of the cyanobacteria ABRG5-3 and Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803. The results obtained indicated that the accumulated mass of alkane accounted for ∼50 or 60% of the dry weight of ABRG5-3 or PCC6803 recombinant cells, respectively. Furthermore, cultivating cells in liquid medium BG11 in which the nitrogen resource had been depleted promoted the production of alkane and cell lysis, resulting in the easy recovery of target products from the supernatant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Yoshida
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takahashi
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Ayae Ikeda
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Fukuda
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Chifumi Kitazaki
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Munehiko Asayama
- College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, 3-21-1 Ami, Ibaraki, 300-0393, Japan and Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
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Characterization of Lysis of the Multicellular CyanobacteriumLimnothrix/Pseudanabaenasp. Strain ABRG5-3. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 77:2339-47. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Tan X, Liang F, Cai K, Lu X. Application of the FLP/FRT recombination system in cyanobacteria for construction of markerless mutants. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:6373-82. [PMID: 23512480 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4837-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Due to efficient photosynthetic capability, robust growth, and clear genetic background, cyanobacteria are recently used for production of different biofuel and biochemical molecules by genetic engineering and showed great potentials as the next-generation microbial cell factory. For improving the production of bio-products, a number of genetic modifications are important for cyanobacteria. However, the system-level genetic modification of cyanobacteria is limited by the lack of efficient method for marker recycling. In this investigation, we introduced the self-replicable shutter vectors harboring the flipase (FLP) gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae into two mutants of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 and Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942 whose genomes were inserted by a kanamycin resistance gene with flipase recombination target (FRT) flanking, respectively. Transcriptional analysis by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that FLP gene was transcripted in both the two cyanobacterial strains. Genotyping analysis indicated that FLP performed its function in vivo in both two cyanobacterial strains, and the following DNA sequencing analysis on the targeted loci further confirmed that FLP exactly excised and ligated the two FRT sites between which a kanamycin resistance gene is located. The homozygous mutants free of the kanamycin resistance gene cassette were obtained by conditional expression of FLP and further dilution plating. The shuttle vectors carrying the FLP gene were then lost in these mutants by growing in the absence of antibiotics and the further single colony separation. These results demonstrate that FLP/FRT recombination system is able to be applied to the construction of markerless mutant in both Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 and S. elongatus PCC7942.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Tan
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, China
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