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Nasaj M, Chehelgerdi M, Asghari B, Ahmadieh-Yazdi A, Asgari M, Kabiri-Samani S, Sharifi E, Arabestani M. Factors influencing the antimicrobial mechanism of chitosan action and its derivatives: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134321. [PMID: 39084423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Chitosan, a versatile amino polysaccharide biopolymer derived from chitin, exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic microorganisms, including gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, as well as fungi. Due to its ubiquitous use in medications, food, cosmetics, chemicals, and crops, it is an effective antibacterial agent. However, the antimicrobial performance of chitosan is influenced by multiple factors, which have been extensively investigated and reported in the literature. The goal of this review paper is to present a thorough grasp of the mechanisms of action and determining variables of chitosan and its derivatives' antibacterial activity. The article begins by providing a brief background on chitosan and its antimicrobial properties, followed by the importance of understanding the mechanism of action and factors influencing its activity".
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Nasaj
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran
| | - Mohammad Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Babak Asghari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadieh-Yazdi
- Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Asgari
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Medicine, Hamadan university of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saber Kabiri-Samani
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; Cancer Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Mohammadreza Arabestani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran; Infectious Disease Research Centre, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR, Iran.
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Kumar P, Divya, Patel AK, Srivastava A, Kayastha AM. Enhancing milk quality assessment with watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) urease immobilized on VS 2-chitosan nanocomposite beads using response surface methodology. Food Chem 2024; 451:139447. [PMID: 38688097 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
An eco-friendly hydrothermal method synthesized VS2 nanosheets. Several spectroscopic and microscopic approaches (TEM) were used to characterize the produced VS2 nanosheet microstructure. VS2, Chitosan, and nanocomposite were used to immobilize watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) urease. Optimization using the Response Surface Methodology and the Box-Behnken design yielded immobilization efficiencies of 65.23 %, 72.52 %, and 87.68 % for chitosan, VS2, and nanocomposite, respectively. The analysis of variance confirmed the mathematical model's validity, enabling additional research. AFM, SEM, FTIR, Fluorescence microscopy, and Cary Eclipse Fluorescence Spectrometer showed urease conjugation to the matrix. During and after immobilization, FTIR spectra showed a dynamic connectivity of chemical processes and bonding. The nanocomposite outperformed VS2 and chitosan in pH and temperature. Chitosan and VS2-immobilized urease were more thermally stable than soluble urease, but the nanocomposite-urease system was even more resilient. The nanocomposite retained 60 % of its residual activity after three months of storage. It retains 91.8 % of its initial activity after 12 reuse cycles. Nanocomposite-immobilized urease measured milk urea at 23.62 mg/dl. This result was compared favorably to the gold standard p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde spectrophotometric result of 20 mg/dl. The linear range is 5 to 70 mg/dl, with a LOD of 1.07 (±0.05) mg/dl and SD of less than 5 %. The nanocomposite's ksel coefficient for interferents was exceptionally low (ksel < 0.07), indicating urea detection sensitivity. Watermelon urease is suitable for dairy sector applications due to its availability, immobilization on nanocomposite, and reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Divya
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Amit Kumar Patel
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Anchal Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Arvind M Kayastha
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Mujtaba AG, Toprak Ö, Karakeçili A. A grafting approach for nisin-chitosan bio-based antibacterial films: preparation and characterization. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:055029. [PMID: 39079550 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad6965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Nisin is a bacteriocin produced by Gram-positive lactic acid bacterium,Lactococcus lactisand currently recognized in the Generally Recognızed as Safe (GRAS) category due to its non-toxicity. Herein, nisin has been grafted to chitosan structure to obtain natural bio-active films with enhanced antibacterial activity. Grafting was performed using ethyl ester lysine diisocyanate and dimer fatty acid-based diisocyanate (DDI); two different close to fully bio-based diisocyanates and Disuccinimidyl suberate; a homo-bifunctional molecule acting as a crosslinker between amino groups. The grafting process allowed the chemical immobilization of nisin to chitosan structure. Physicochemical characterization studies showed the successful grafting of nisin. The antibacterial activity againstStaphylococcus aureuswas evident for all nisin modified chitosan films and best pronounced when DDI was used as a crosslinker with a maximum zone of inhibition of ∼13 mm. All nisin grafted chitosan films were cytocompatible and the cell viability of L929 fibroblasts were >80% pointing out the non-toxic structure. Considering the results of the presented study, bio-based diisocyanates and homo-bifunctional crosslinkers are effective molecules in synthesis of nisin grafted chitosan structures and the new chitosan based antibacterial biopolymers obtained after nisin modification come forward as promising non-toxic and bioactive candidates to be applied in medical devices, implants, and various food coating products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Gunyakti Mujtaba
- Institute of Biotechnology, Ankara University, Gümüşdere 60. Yıl Yerleşkesi, Keçiören, 06135 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özge Toprak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Tandoğan, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ankara University, Dışkapı, 06110 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Karakeçili
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Tandoğan, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
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Jimenez-Champi D, Romero-Orejon FL, Muñoz AM, Ramos-Escudero F. The Revalorization of Fishery By-Products: Types, Bioactive Compounds, and Food Applications. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2024; 2024:6624083. [PMID: 39105167 PMCID: PMC11300074 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6624083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Recently, fish consumption has been increasing; subsequently, the number of by-products has also increased. However, generated residues are frequently discarded, and an appropriate management is necessary to properly use all fish by-products. Fishery by-products are well known for their content of bioactive compounds, such as unsaturated fatty acids, amino acids, minerals, peptides, enzymes, gelatin, collagen, and chitin. Several studies have reported that fishery by-products could provide significant properties, including antioxidant, antihypertensive, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antiobesity. Consequently, fish discards are of considerable interest to different industrial sectors, including food, nutraceuticals, medical, and pharmacology. In the food industry, the interest in using fishery by-products is focused on hydrolysates as food additives, collagen and gelatin as protein sources, chitin and chitosan to form edible films to protect food during storage, and oils as a source of Omega-3 and useful as antioxidants. Although different studies reported good results with the use of these by-products, identifying new applications in the food sector, as well as industrial applications, remains necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Jimenez-Champi
- NutritionHealthFunctional Foods and Nutraceuticals Research UnitUniversidad San Ignacio de Loyola (UNUSAN-USIL), Lima, Peru
| | - Frank L. Romero-Orejon
- NutritionHealthFunctional Foods and Nutraceuticals Research UnitUniversidad San Ignacio de Loyola (UNUSAN-USIL), Lima, Peru
| | - Ana María Muñoz
- NutritionHealthFunctional Foods and Nutraceuticals Research UnitUniversidad San Ignacio de Loyola (UNUSAN-USIL), Lima, Peru
- Food Science and Nutrition InstituteUniversidad San Ignacio de Loyola (ICAN-USIL), Lima, Peru
| | - Fernando Ramos-Escudero
- NutritionHealthFunctional Foods and Nutraceuticals Research UnitUniversidad San Ignacio de Loyola (UNUSAN-USIL), Lima, Peru
- Health Sciences FacultyUniversidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
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Guo JS, Lu G, Song FL, Meng MY, Song YH, Ma HN, Xie XR, Zhu YJ, He S, Li XB. Odor Fingerprinting of Chitosan and Source Identification of Commercial Chitosan: HS-GC-IMS, Multivariate Statistical Analysis, and Tracing Path Study. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1858. [PMID: 39000713 PMCID: PMC11243783 DOI: 10.3390/polym16131858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Chitosan samples were prepared from the shells of marine animals (crab and shrimp) and the cell walls of fungi (agaricus bisporus and aspergillus niger). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to detect their molecular structures, while headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) was employed to analyze their odor composition. A total of 220 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including esters, ketones, aldehydes, etc., were identified as the odor fingerprinting components of chitosan for the first time. A principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that chitosan could be effectively identified and classified based on its characteristic VOCs. The sum of the first three principal components explained 87% of the total variance in original information. An orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) model was established for tracing and source identification purposes, demonstrating excellent performance with fitting indices R2X = 0.866, R2Y = 0.996, Q2 = 0.989 for independent variable fitting and model prediction accuracy, respectively. By utilizing OPLS-DA modeling along with a heatmap-based tracing path study, it was found that 29 VOCs significantly contributed to marine chitosan at a significance level of VIP > 1.00 (p < 0.05), whereas another set of 20 VOCs specifically associated with fungi chitosan exhibited notable contributions to its odor profile. These findings present a novel method for identifying commercial chitosan sources, which can be applied to ensure biological safety in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Shuang Guo
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, China; (M.-Y.M.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-N.M.); (X.-R.X.); (Y.-J.Z.); (S.H.); (X.-B.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Fu-Lai Song
- Qingdao Health Ocean Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266001, China;
| | - Ming-Yu Meng
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, China; (M.-Y.M.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-N.M.); (X.-R.X.); (Y.-J.Z.); (S.H.); (X.-B.L.)
| | - Yu-Hao Song
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, China; (M.-Y.M.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-N.M.); (X.-R.X.); (Y.-J.Z.); (S.H.); (X.-B.L.)
| | - Hao-Nan Ma
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, China; (M.-Y.M.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-N.M.); (X.-R.X.); (Y.-J.Z.); (S.H.); (X.-B.L.)
| | - Xin-Rui Xie
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, China; (M.-Y.M.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-N.M.); (X.-R.X.); (Y.-J.Z.); (S.H.); (X.-B.L.)
| | - Yi-Jia Zhu
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, China; (M.-Y.M.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-N.M.); (X.-R.X.); (Y.-J.Z.); (S.H.); (X.-B.L.)
| | - Song He
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, China; (M.-Y.M.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-N.M.); (X.-R.X.); (Y.-J.Z.); (S.H.); (X.-B.L.)
| | - Xue-Bo Li
- Characteristic Laboratory of Forensic Science in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, China; (M.-Y.M.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-N.M.); (X.-R.X.); (Y.-J.Z.); (S.H.); (X.-B.L.)
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Amin H, Ibrahim IM, Hassanein EHM. Weaponizing chitosan and its derivatives in the battle against lung cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 272:132888. [PMID: 38844273 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is a crisis of catastrophic proportions. It is a global problem and urgently requires a solution. The classic chemo drugs are lagging behind as they lack selectivity, where their side effects are spilled all over the body, and these adverse effects would be terribly tragic for LC patients. Therefore, they could make a bad situation worse, inflict damage on normal cells, and inflict pain on patients. Since our confidence in classic drugs is eroding, chitosan can offer a major leap forward in LC therapy. It can provide the backbone and the vehicle that enable chemo drugs to penetrate the hard shell of LC. It could be functionalized in a variety of ways to deliver a deadly payload of toxins to kill the bad guys. It is implemented in formulation of polymeric NPs, lipidic NPs, nanocomposites, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and phototherapeutic agents. This review is a pretty clear proof of chitosan's utility as a weapon in battling LC. Chitosan-based formulations could work effectively to kill LC cells. If a researcher is looking for a vehicle for medication for LC therapy, chitosan can be an appropriate choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt.
| | - Islam M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt.
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Tian Y, Cui Y, Ren G, Fan Y, Dou M, Li S, Wang G, Wang Y, Peng C, Wu D. Dual-functional thermosensitive hydrogel for reducing infection and enhancing bone regeneration in infected bone defects. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100972. [PMID: 38312799 PMCID: PMC10835005 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The contamination of bone defects is a serious therapeutic problem. The treatment of infected bone defects involves rigorous infection control followed by bone reconstruction. Considering these two processes, the development of biomaterials possessing antibacterial and osteogenic properties offers a promising approach for the treatment of infected bone defects. In this study, a dual-functional, thermosensitive, and injectable hydrogel composed of chitosan (CS), quaternized CS (QCS), and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) was designed, and the ratio of CS to QCS in the hydrogel was optimized to enhance the antibacterial efficacy of CS while reducing the cytotoxicity of QCS. In vitro studies demonstrated that the hydrogel with an 85 %:15 % ratio of CS to QCS exhibited excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial properties while also possessing suitable mechanical characteristics and degradability. The incorporation of nHA into the hydrogel enhanced MC3T3-E1 proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, this hydrogel demonstrated superior in vivo therapeutic effectiveness in a rabbit model of infected bone defect. In summary, this study provides a promising material design and a comprehensive one-step treatment strategy for infected bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Yutao Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Guangkai Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Yi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Minghan Dou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Shaorong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Gan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Yanbing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Chuangang Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Dankai Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
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Jian K, Fu L, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Guo X, Zhao X. Microwave synthesis of chitosan-based carbon dots for Al 3+ detection and biological application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129413. [PMID: 38262835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Yellow fluorescent carbon dots (Y-CDs) were prepared via microwave method using chitosan and o-phenylenediamine as the main raw materials. The obtained Y-CDs possesses good water solubility, excellent biocompatibility and luminous stability. During the microwave pyrolysis carbonization process, the surface of Y-CDs was modified with the functional groups such as amino and carboxyl, which can bind to Al3+ by forming complexes, further improving the selectivity and sensitivity of the Al3+ detection. And the fluorescence of Y-CDs was quenched by Al3+ by static quenching process. More importantly, Y-CDs as fluorescent sensor was further applied for the determination of Al3+ in the real water samples with high reliability and accuracy. In addition, Y-CDs present potential application in biological imaging. The cultivated zebrafish embryos with Y-CDs displayed clearly in vivo uptake and metabolic fluorescence images, further confirming its low toxicity and excellent biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Jian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Liming Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiangjun Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xihui Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-fibers and Eco-textiles and Ecological Textiles, Institute of Marine Biobased Materials, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Rohtagi P, Garg U, Triveni, Jain N, Pandey M, Amin MCIM, Gorain B, Kumar P. Chitosan and hyaluronic acid-based nanocarriers for advanced cancer therapy and intervention. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 157:213733. [PMID: 38118207 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has become a major public health issue leading to one of the foremost causes of morbidity and death in the world. Despite the current advances in diagnosis using modern technologies and treatment via surgery or chemo- and radio-therapies, severe side effects or after-effects limit the application of these treatment modalities. Novel drug delivery systems have shown the potential to deliver chemotherapeutics directly to cancer cells, thus minimizing unnecessary exposure to healthy cells. Concurrently, to circumvent difficulties associated with conventional deliveries of cancer therapeutics, natural polysaccharides have gained attention for the fabrication of such deliveries owing to biocompatibility, low toxicity, and biodegradability. It has been exhibited that natural polysaccharides can deliver high therapeutic concentrations of the entrapped drug to the target cells by sustained and targeted release. Considering the immense potential of natural polymers, the present work focuses on naturally generated biopolymer carriers based on chitosan and hyaluronic acid. This review delineated on the role of chitosan and its derivation from renewable resources as a biocompatible, biodegradable, nonimmunogenic material with notable antitumor activity as a drug delivery carrier in oncotherapy. Moreover, hyaluronic acid, itself by its structure or when linked with other molecules contributes to developing promising pharmaceutical delivery systems to setback the restrictions related to conventional cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Rohtagi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, U.P., India
| | - Unnati Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, U.P., India
| | - Triveni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, U.P., India
| | - Neha Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, U.P., India.
| | - Manisha Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India.
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology & Vaccine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bapi Gorain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
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Fu TS, Chen WC, Wang YC, Chang CW, Lin TY, Wong CB. Biomimetic vascularized adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells bone-periosteum graft enhances angiogenesis and osteogenesis in a male rabbit spine fusion model. Bone Joint Res 2023; 12:722-733. [PMID: 38052231 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.1212.bjr-2023-0013.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Several artificial bone grafts have been developed but fail to achieve anticipated osteogenesis due to their insufficient neovascularization capacity and periosteum support. This study aimed to develop a vascularized bone-periosteum construct (VBPC) to provide better angiogenesis and osteogenesis for bone regeneration. Methods A total of 24 male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into four groups according to the experimental materials. Allogenic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) were cultured and seeded evenly in the collagen/chitosan sheet to form cell sheet as periosteum. Simultaneously, allogenic AMSCs were seeded onto alginate beads and were cultured to differentiate to endothelial-like cells to form vascularized bone construct (VBC). The cell sheet was wrapped onto VBC to create a vascularized bone-periosteum construct (VBPC). Four different experimental materials - acellular construct, VBC, non-vascularized bone-periosteum construct, and VBPC - were then implanted in bilateral L4-L5 intertransverse space. At 12 weeks post-surgery, the bone-forming capacities were determined by CT, biomechanical testing, histology, and immunohistochemistry staining analyses. Results At 12 weeks, the VBPC group significantly increased new bone formation volume compared with the other groups. Biomechanical testing demonstrated higher torque strength in the VBPC group. Notably, the haematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemistry-stained histological results revealed that VBPC promoted neovascularization and new bone formation in the spine fusion areas. Conclusion The tissue-engineered VBPC showed great capability in promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis in vivo. It may provide a novel approach to create a superior blood supply and nutritional environment to overcome the deficits of current artificial bone graft substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Sheng Fu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chuan Chen
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chih Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Chang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yi Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chak-Bor Wong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Bizymis AP, Kalantzi S, Mamma D, Tzia C. Addition of Silver Nanoparticles to Composite Edible Films and Coatings to Enhance Their Antimicrobial Activity and Application to Cherry Preservation. Foods 2023; 12:4295. [PMID: 38231729 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the potential enhancement of the antimicrobial activity of edible films, composed of (i) chitosan (CH), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and beta-cyclodextrin (CD) (50%-37.5%-12.5%) and (ii) hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and beta-cyclodextrin (CD) (50%-37.5%-12.5%), with silver nanoparticle (AgNP) incorporationat levels 5, 10 and 15% v/v. According to the results, the AgNP addition led to very high antimicrobial activity of both films, reducing by more than 96% the microbial growth of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli) in all cases. On the other hand, by adding AgNPs to films, their thickness as well as oxygen and water vapor permeability decreased, while their transparency increased. Furthermore, the contribution of these specific edible films to preserve cherries under cold storage was investigated. All edible coatings resulted in an improvement of the fruit properties under consideration, and especially the color difference, hardness and total microbial load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos-Panagiotis Bizymis
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou St., 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Styliani Kalantzi
- Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou St., 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Diomi Mamma
- Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou St., 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantina Tzia
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 5 Iroon Polytechniou St., 15780 Zografou, Athens, Greece
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12
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Róna V, Bencze B, Kelemen K, Végh D, Tóth R, Kói T, Hegyi P, Varga G, Rózsa NK, Géczi Z. Effect of Chitosan on the Number of Streptococcus mutans in Saliva: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15270. [PMID: 37894948 PMCID: PMC10607225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to investigate the efficacy of chitosan-containing chewing gums, and to test their inhibitory effects on Streptococcus mutans. The systematic search was performed in three databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed) and included English-language randomized-controlled trials to compare the efficacy of chitosan in reducing the number of S. mutans. To assess the certainty of evidence, the GRADE tool was used. Mean differences were calculated with a 95% confidence interval for one outcome: bacterial counts in CFU/mL. The protocol of the study was registered on PROSPERO, registration number CRD42022365006. Articles were downloaded (n = 6758) from EMBASE (n = 2255), PubMed (n = 1516), and Cochrane (n = 2987). After the selection process, a total of four articles were included in the qualitative synthesis and three in the quantitative synthesis. Our results show that chitosan reduced the number of bacteria. The difference in mean quantity was -4.68 × 105. The interval of the random-effects model was [-2.15 × 106; 1.21 × 106] and the prediction interval was [1.03 × 107; 9.40 × 106]. The I2 value was 98% (p = 0.35), which indicates a high degree of heterogeneity. Chitosan has some antibacterial effects when used as a component of chewing gum, but further studies are needed. It can be a promising antimicrobial agent for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virág Róna
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (V.R.); (B.B.); (K.K.); (D.V.)
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.T.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (G.V.); (N.K.R.)
| | - Bulcsú Bencze
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (V.R.); (B.B.); (K.K.); (D.V.)
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.T.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (G.V.); (N.K.R.)
| | - Kata Kelemen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (V.R.); (B.B.); (K.K.); (D.V.)
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.T.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (G.V.); (N.K.R.)
| | - Dániel Végh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (V.R.); (B.B.); (K.K.); (D.V.)
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.T.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (G.V.); (N.K.R.)
| | - Réka Tóth
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.T.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (G.V.); (N.K.R.)
| | - Tamás Kói
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.T.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (G.V.); (N.K.R.)
- Department of Stochastics, Institute of Mathematics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.T.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (G.V.); (N.K.R.)
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7622 Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Varga
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.T.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (G.V.); (N.K.R.)
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noémi Katinka Rózsa
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.T.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (G.V.); (N.K.R.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Géczi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (V.R.); (B.B.); (K.K.); (D.V.)
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (R.T.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (G.V.); (N.K.R.)
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13
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Hu S, Li W, Cai Z, Tang C, Li B, Liu S, Li Y. Research progress on chitin/chitosan-based emulsion delivery systems and their application in lipid digestion regulation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-23. [PMID: 37811646 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2264392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Excessive lipid intake is linked to an elevated risk of health problems. However, reducing lipid contents may influence food structure and flavor. Some alternatives are needed to control the lipid absorption. Emulsions are common carriers for lipids, which can control the hydrolysis and absorption of lipids. Chitin (Ch) and chitosan (CS) are natural polysaccharides with good biodegradability, biocompatibility, and unique cationic properties. They have been reported to be able to delay lipolysis, which can be regarded as one of the most promising agents that regulates lipid digestion (LiD). The application of Ch/CS and their derivatives in emulsions are summarized in this review with a focus on their performances and mechanisms for LiD regulation, aiming to provide theoretical guidance for the development of novel Ch/CS emulsions, and the regulation of LiD. A reasonable design of emulsion interface can provide its resistance to the external environment and then control LiD. The properties of emulsion interface are the key factors affecting LiD. Therefore, systematic study on the relationship between Ch/CS-based emulsion structure and LiD can not only instruct the reasonable design of emulsion interface to accurately regulate LiD, but also provide scientific guidelines for applying Ch/CS in functional food, medicine and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenbo Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Cai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cuie Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Shilin Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
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14
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Paul P, Nair R, Mahajan S, Gupta U, Aalhate M, Maji I, Singh PK. Traversing the diverse avenues of exopolysaccharides-based nanocarriers in the management of cancer. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 312:120821. [PMID: 37059549 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides are unique polymers generated by living organisms such as algae, fungi and bacteria to protect them from environmental factors. After a fermentative process, these polymers are extracted from the medium culture. Exopolysaccharides have been explored for their anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory effects. Specifically, they have acquired massive attention in novel drug delivery strategies owing to their indispensable properties like biocompatibility, biodegradability, and lack of irritation. Exopolysaccharides such as dextran, alginate, hyaluronic acid, pullulan, xanthan gum, gellan gum, levan, curdlan, cellulose, chitosan, mauran, and schizophyllan exhibited excellent drug carrier properties. Specific exopolysaccharides, such as levan, chitosan, and curdlan, have demonstrated significant antitumor activity. Moreover, chitosan, hyaluronic acid and pullulan can be employed as targeting ligands decorated on nanoplatforms for effective active tumor targeting. This review shields light on the classification, unique characteristics, antitumor activities and nanocarrier properties of exopolysaccharides. In addition, in vitro human cell line experiments and preclinical studies associated with exopolysaccharide-based nanocarriers have also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Rahul Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Srushti Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Ujala Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Mayur Aalhate
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Indrani Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India.
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15
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Say P, Nimikul S, Bunnoy A, Na-Nakorn U, Srisapoome P. Long-Term Application of a Synbiotic Chitosan and Acinetobacter KU011TH Mixture on the Growth Performance, Health Status, and Disease Resistance of Hybrid Catfish ( Clarias gariepinus × C. macrocephalus) during Winter. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1807. [PMID: 37512979 PMCID: PMC10385702 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of potential synbiotic chitosan and Acinetobacter KU011TH mixture on growth performance, immune response, and A. hydrophila resistance were investigated for the first time. The control group was fed a basal diet (A), and group B was given the formula B diet that was supplemented with chitosan at 20 mL/kg diet via top dressing. The other synbiotic groups, C, D, and E, were top-dressed with the target probiotics at 1 × 108, 1 × 109, and 1 × 1010 CFU/kg diet, respectively, and coated with the same concentration of chitosan. Fish were continuously fed the five different feeds for 16 weeks during winter. At the end of the trial, the growth parameters of the test groups did not significantly differ from those of the control (p > 0.05). All the symbiotic-chitosan treatments significantly increased various hematological and serum immune parameters. Moreover, the expression levels of immune-related genes were strongly elevated in the head kidney and spleen, whereas upregulated expression was observed in the liver and whole blood (p < 0.05). Survival analysis indicated that fish in groups B and C showed significantly higher survival (84.33 ± 2.21 and 79.50 ± 6.34%) than those in groups A, D and E (55.33 ± 8.82%-74.00 ± 6.50) (p < 0.05) after injection with A. hydrophila for 14 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pisey Say
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Sukkrit Nimikul
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Anurak Bunnoy
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Uthairat Na-Nakorn
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetics, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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16
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Lan J, Wu Y, Lin C, Chen J, Zhu R, Ma X, Cao S. Totally-green cellulosic fiber with prominent sustained antibacterial and antiviral properties for potential use in spunlaced non-woven fabric production. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2023; 464:142588. [PMID: 36992868 PMCID: PMC10035801 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.142588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide spread of COVID-19 has put a higher requirement for personal medical protective clothing, developing protective clothing with sustained antibacterial and antiviral performance is the priority for safe and sustaining application. For this purpose, we develop a novel cellulose based material with sustained antibacterial and antiviral properties. In the proposed method, the chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) was subjected to a guanylation reaction with dicyandiamide in the presence of Scandium (III) triflate; because of the relatively lower molecular weight and water solubility of the COS, GCOS (guanylated chitosan oligosaccharide) with high substitution degree (DS) could be successfully synthetized without acid application. In this instance, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the GCOS were only 1/8 and 1/4 of that of COS. The introduction of GCOS onto the fiber endowed the fiber with extremely high antibacterial and antiviral performance, showing 100% bacteriostatic rate against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and 99.48% virus load reduction of bacteriophage MS2. More importantly, the GCOS modified cellulosic fibers (GCOS-CFs) exhibit excellent sustained antibacterial and antiviral properties; namely, 30 washing cycles had negligible effect on the bacteriostatic rate (100%) and inhibition rate of bacteriophage MS2 (99.0%). Moreover, the paper prepared from the GCOS-CFs still exhibited prominent antibacterial and antiviral activity; inferring that the sheeting forming, press, and drying process have almost no effect on the antibacterial and antiviral performances. The insensitive of antibacterial and antiviral activity to water washing (spunlace) and heat (drying) make the GCOS-CFs a potential material applicable in the spunlaced non-woven fabric production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Lan
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Yao Wu
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Changmei Lin
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Jiazhen Chen
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Ruiqi Zhu
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xiaojuan Ma
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shilin Cao
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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17
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Sachdeva B, Sachdeva P, Negi A, Ghosh S, Han S, Dewanjee S, Jha SK, Bhaskar R, Sinha JK, Paiva-Santos AC, Jha NK, Kesari KK. Chitosan Nanoparticles-Based Cancer Drug Delivery: Application and Challenges. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040211. [PMID: 37103352 PMCID: PMC10142570 DOI: 10.3390/md21040211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin is the second most abundant biopolymer consisting of N-acetylglucosamine units and is primarily derived from the shells of marine crustaceans and the cell walls of organisms (such as bacteria, fungi, and algae). Being a biopolymer, its materialistic properties, such as biodegradability, and biocompatibility, make it a suitable choice for biomedical applications. Similarly, its deacetylated derivative, chitosan, exhibits similar biocompatibility and biodegradability properties, making it a suitable support material for biomedical applications. Furthermore, it has intrinsic material properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and antitumor. Population studies have projected nearly 12 million cancer patients across the globe, where most will be suffering from solid tumors. One of the shortcomings of potent anticancer drugs is finding a suitable cellular delivery material or system. Therefore, identifying new drug carriers to achieve effective anticancer therapy is becoming essential. This paper focuses on the strategies implemented using chitin and chitosan biopolymers in drug delivery for cancer treatment.
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18
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Lan J, Chen J, Zhu R, Lin C, Ma X, Cao S. Antibacterial and antiviral chitosan oligosaccharide modified cellulosic fibers with durability against washing and long-acting activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123587. [PMID: 36758766 PMCID: PMC9907796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 has attracted extensive attention to antibacterial and antivirus materials. Cellulose is the most potential candidate for the preparation of green, environmentally friendly antibacterial and antiviral materials. Herein, modified cellulosic fibers with sustained antibacterial and antiviral performance was prepared by introducing chitosan oligosaccharide onto the fibers. The two-step method is proved to be more effective than the one-step method for enhanced chitosan oligosaccharide loadings and antibacterial and antiviral activity. In this instance, the modified fibers with 61.77 mg/g chitosan oligosaccharide loadings can inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by 100 % after contacting with bacteria for 12 h and reduce the bacteriophage MS2 by 99.19 % after 1 h of contact. More importantly, the modified fibers have washing durable antibacterial and antiviral activity; the modified fibers have 100 % antibacterial and 98.38 % antiviral activity after 20 washing cycles. Benefiting from the excellent performance of the individual fibers, the paper prepared from the modified fibers show great antibacterial (100 %) and antiviral performance (99.01 %) and comparable mechanical strength. The modified fibers have potential applications in the manufacture of protective clothing and protective hygiene products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiaojuan Ma
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Shilin Cao
- College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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19
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He X, Chen X, Wang H, Du G, Sun X. Recent advances in respiratory immunization: A focus on COVID-19 vaccines. J Control Release 2023; 355:655-674. [PMID: 36787821 PMCID: PMC9937028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of vaccines has always been an essential task worldwide since vaccines are regarded as powerful weapons in protecting the global population. Although the vast majority of currently authorized human vaccinations are administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously, exploring novel routes of immunization has been a prominent area of study in recent years. This is particularly relevant in the face of pandemic diseases, such as COVID-19, where respiratory immunization offers distinct advantages, such as inducing systemic and mucosal responses to prevent viral infections in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts and also leading to higher patient compliance. However, the development of respiratory vaccines confronts challenges due to the physiological barriers of the respiratory tract, with most of these vaccines still in the research and development stage. In this review, we detail the structure of the respiratory tract and the mechanisms of mucosal immunity, as well as the obstacles to respiratory vaccination. We also examine the considerations necessary in constructing a COVID-19 respiratory vaccine, including the dosage form of the vaccines, potential excipients and mucosal adjuvants, and delivery systems and devices for respiratory vaccines. Finally, we present a comprehensive overview of the COVID-19 respiratory vaccines currently under clinical investigation. We hope this review can provide valuable insights and inspiration for the future development of respiratory vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyue He
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hairui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guangsheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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20
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Lima R, Fernandes C, Pinto MMM. Molecular modifications, biological activities, and applications of chitosan and derivatives: A recent update. Chirality 2022; 34:1166-1190. [PMID: 35699356 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides arouse great interest due to their structure and unique properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and absence of toxicity. Polysaccharides from marine sources are particularly useful due to the wide variety of applications and biological activities. Chitosan, a deacetylated derivative of chitin, is an example of an interesting bioactive marine-derived polysaccharide. Moreover, a wide variety of chemical modifications and conjugation of chitosan with other bioactive molecules are responsible for improvements in physicochemical properties and biological activities, expanding the range of applications. An overview of the synthetic approaches for preparing chitosan, chitosan derivatives, and conjugates is described and discussed. A recent update of the biological activities and applications in different research fields, mainly focused on the last 5 years, is presented, highlighting current trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Lima
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro interdisciplinar de Investigação marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Carla Fernandes
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro interdisciplinar de Investigação marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena M M Pinto
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro interdisciplinar de Investigação marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
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21
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Application Progress of Modified Chitosan and Its Composite Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126574. [PMID: 35743019 PMCID: PMC9224397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, bone tissue engineering (BTE), as a multidisciplinary field, has shown considerable promise in replacing traditional treatment modalities (i.e., autografts, allografts, and xenografts). Since bone is such a complex and dynamic structure, the construction of bone tissue composite materials has become an attractive strategy to guide bone growth and regeneration. Chitosan and its derivatives have been promising vehicles for BTE owing to their unique physical and chemical properties. With intrinsic physicochemical characteristics and closeness to the extracellular matrix of bones, chitosan-based composite scaffolds have been proved to be a promising candidate for providing successful bone regeneration and defect repair capacity. Advances in chitosan-based scaffolds for BTE have produced efficient and efficacious bio-properties via material structural design and different modifications. Efforts have been put into the modification of chitosan to overcome its limitations, including insolubility in water, faster depolymerization in the body, and blood incompatibility. Herein, we discuss the various modification methods of chitosan that expand its fields of application, which would pave the way for future applied research in biomedical innovation and regenerative medicine.
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Surveying the Oral Drug Delivery Avenues of Novel Chitosan Derivatives. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112131. [PMID: 35683804 PMCID: PMC9182633 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan has come a long way in biomedical applications: drug delivery is one of its core areas of imminent application. Chitosan derivatives are the new generation variants of chitosan. These modified chitosans have overcome limitations and progressed in the area of drug delivery. This review briefly surveys the current chitosan derivatives available for biomedical applications. The biomedical applications of chitosan derivatives are revisited and their key inputs for oral drug delivery have been discussed. The limited use of the vast chitosan resources for oral drug delivery applications, speculated to be probably due to the interdisciplinary nature of this research, is pointed out in the discussion. Chitosan-derivative synthesis and practical implementation for oral drug delivery require distinct expertise from chemists and pharmacists. The lack of enthusiasm could be related to the inadequacy in the smooth transfer of the synthesized derivatives to the actual implementers. With thiolated chitosan derivatives predominating the oral delivery of drugs, the need for representation from the vast array of ready-to-use chitosan derivatives is emphasized. There is plenty to explore in this direction.
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Lu X, Liu L, Feng S, Pan J, Li C, Zheng Y. Preparation and biological properties of ZnO/hydroxyapatite/chitosan-polyethylene oxide@gelatin biomimetic composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. J Biomater Appl 2022; 37:238-248. [PMID: 35487772 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221087110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
To imitate the composition of natural bone and further improve the biological property of the materials, ZnO/hydroxyapatite/chitosan-polyethylene oxide@gelatin (ZnO/HAP/CS-PEO@GEL) composite scaffolds were developed. The core-shell structured chitosan-polyethylene oxide@gelatin (CS-PEO@GEL) nanofibers which could form the intramolecular hydrogen bond and achieve an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) polymer were first prepared by coaxial electrospinning to mimic the extracellular matrix. To further enhance biological activity, hydroxyapatite (HAP) was grown on the surface of the CS-PEO@GEL nanofibers using chemical deposition and ZnO particles were then evenly distributed on the surface of the above composite materials using RF magnetron sputtering. The SEM results showed that chemical deposition and magnetron sputtering did not destroy the three-dimensional architecture of materials, which was beneficial to cell growth. The cell compatibility and proliferation of MG-63 cells on ZnO/HAP/CS-PEO@GEL composite scaffolds were superior to those on CS-PEO@GEL and HAP/CS-PEO@GEL composite scaffolds. An appropriate amount of ZnO sputtering could promote the adhesion of cells on the composite nanofibers. The structure of bone tissue could be better simulated both in composition and in the microenvironment, which provided a suitable environment for cell growth and promoted the proliferation of MG-63 cells. The biomimetic ZnO/HAP/CS-PEO@GEL composite scaffolds were promising materials for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjian Lu
- 12646Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leyun Liu
- 12646Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shixuan Feng
- 12646Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Pan
- 12646Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaorong Li
- 12646Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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Tan Y, Rajoka MSR, Ke Z, Mehwish HM, Deng W, Li J, Qin W, Zhao L, Wu Y. Effect of Squid Cartilage Chitosan Molecular Structure on the Properties of Its Monofilament as an Absorbable Surgical Suture. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071306. [PMID: 35406180 PMCID: PMC9003387 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Suture is an important part of surgery, and wounds closing after surgery remains a challenge for postoperative care. Currently, silk, linen fiber, and cotton are available in the market as non-absorbable suture biomaterials. So, there is an urgent need to develop a novel suture with advantageous characteristics compared to the ones available on the market. In present study, a series of ultra-high molecular weight chitosan with different DD and MV were prepared from squid cartilage by alkaline treatment and ultrasonic degradation. The corresponding chitosan monofilaments were prepared by a wet spinning process and were characterized as sutures. The effects of the DD and MV of chitosan on the properties of its monofilament were studied, including surface morphology, mechanical property, swelling ratio, ash content, in vitro enzymatic degradation, and in vitro cytotoxicity. According to the results, AS-85 was chosen to be the best suitable as an absorbable surgical suture, which was spun from squid cartilage chitosan with DD~85% and MV~1.2 × 106. The outcome of the present study might derive tremendous possibilities for the utilization of squid cartilage β-chitin for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Tan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.T.); (M.S.R.R.); (W.D.); (J.L.); (W.Q.)
| | - Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.T.); (M.S.R.R.); (W.D.); (J.L.); (W.Q.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Zekai Ke
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Hafiza Mahreen Mehwish
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Wenjing Deng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.T.); (M.S.R.R.); (W.D.); (J.L.); (W.Q.)
| | - Jiaying Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.T.); (M.S.R.R.); (W.D.); (J.L.); (W.Q.)
| | - Wenqian Qin
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.T.); (M.S.R.R.); (W.D.); (J.L.); (W.Q.)
| | - Liqing Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.T.); (M.S.R.R.); (W.D.); (J.L.); (W.Q.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yiguang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.T.); (M.S.R.R.); (W.D.); (J.L.); (W.Q.)
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (Y.W.)
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25
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Cost-effective fabrication, antibacterial application and cell viability studies of modified nonwoven cotton fabric. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2493. [PMID: 35169158 PMCID: PMC8847346 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06391-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, nonwoven cotton fabric was modified for antibacterial applications using low-cost and eco-friendly precursors. The treatment of fabric with alkali leads to the formation of active sites for surface modification, followed by dip coating with silver nanoparticles and chitosan. The surface was chlorinated in the next step to transform amide (N-H) groups in chitosan into N-halamine (N-Cl). The modified and unmodified surfaces of the nonwoven cotton fabric have been characterized by FTIR, SEM, and XRD. The active chlorine loading is measured with iodine/sodium thiosulphate. The antimicrobial activity and cell toxicity assay were carried out with and without modifications of nonwoven cotton fabric. The antimicrobial efficacies of loaded fabric were evaluated against four bacterial species (Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, and E.coli). It was found that modified fabric exhibited superior efficiency against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains as compared to their bulk counterparts upon exposure without affecting strength and integrity of fabric. The overall process is economical for commercial purposes. The modified fabric can be used for antimicrobial, health, and food packaging industries, and in other biomedical applications.
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Rezaei FS, Sharifianjazi F, Esmaeilkhanian A, Salehi E. Chitosan films and scaffolds for regenerative medicine applications: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 273:118631. [PMID: 34561021 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years, chitosan has demonstrated unparalleled characteristics for regenerative medicine applications. Beside excellent antimicrobial and wound healing properties, this polysaccharide biopolymer offers favorable characteristics such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and film and fiber-forming capabilities. Having plentiful active amine groups, chitosan can be also readily modified to provide auxiliary features for growing demands in regenerative medicine, which is constantly confronted with new problems, necessitating the creation of biocompatible, immunogenic and biodegradable film/scaffold composites. A new look at the chitosan composites structure/activity/application tradeoff is the primary focus of the current review, which can help researchers to detect the bottlenecks and overcome the shortcomings that arose from this intersection. In the current review, the most recent advances in chitosan films and scaffolds in terms of preparation techniques and modifying methods for improving their functional properties, in three major biomedical fields i.e., tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery are surveyed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnoush Sadat Rezaei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Amir Kabir University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariborz Sharifianjazi
- Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Amir Kabir University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Esmaeilkhanian
- Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Amir Kabir University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Salehi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-88349, Iran.
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Nicolle L, Journot CMA, Gerber-Lemaire S. Chitosan Functionalization: Covalent and Non-Covalent Interactions and Their Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4118. [PMID: 34883621 PMCID: PMC8659004 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan (CS) is a natural biopolymer that has gained great interest in many research fields due to its promising biocompatibility, biodegradability, and favorable mechanical properties. The versatility of this low-cost polymer allows for a variety of chemical modifications via covalent conjugation and non-covalent interactions, which are designed to further improve the properties of interest. This review aims at presenting the broad range of functionalization strategies reported over the last five years to reflect the state-of-the art of CS derivatization. We start by describing covalent modifications performed on the CS backbone, followed by non-covalent CS modifications involving small molecules, proteins, and metal adjuvants. An overview of CS-based systems involving both covalent and electrostatic modification patterns is then presented. Finally, a special focus will be given on the characterization techniques commonly used to qualify the composition and physical properties of CS derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandrine Gerber-Lemaire
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (L.N.); (C.M.A.J.)
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28
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Silva AO, Cunha RS, Hotza D, Machado RAF. Chitosan as a matrix of nanocomposites: A review on nanostructures, processes, properties, and applications. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 272:118472. [PMID: 34420731 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan is a biopolymer that is natural, biodegradable, and relatively low price. Chitosan has been attracting interest as a matrix of nanocomposites due to new properties for various applications. This study presents a comprehensive overview of common and recent advances using chitosan as a nanocomposite matrix. The focus is to present alternative processes to produce embedded or coated nanoparticles, and the shaping techniques that have been employed (3D printing, electrospinning), as well as the nanocomposites emerging applications in medicine, tissue engineering, wastewater treatment, corrosion inhibition, among others. There are several reviews about single chitosan material and derivatives for diverse applications. However, there is not a study that focuses on chitosan as a nanocomposite matrix, explaining the possibility of nanomaterial additions, the interaction of the attached species, and the applications possibility following the techniques to combine chitosan with nanostructures. Finally, future directions are presented for expanding the applications of chitosan nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Oliveira Silva
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering (EQA), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Sousa Cunha
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering (EQA), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Dachamir Hotza
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering (EQA), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Antonio Francisco Machado
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering (EQA), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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29
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Revuelta J, Fraile I, Monterrey DT, Peña N, Benito-Arenas R, Bastida A, Fernández-Mayoralas A, García-Junceda E. Heparanized chitosans: towards the third generation of chitinous biomaterials. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:2596-2614. [PMID: 34617543 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00728a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization of chitosans is an emerging research area in the design of solutions for a wide range of biomedical applications. In particular, the modification of chitosans to incorporate sulfate groups has generated great interest since they show structural similarity to heparin and heparan sulfates. Most of the biomedical applications of heparan sulfates are derived from their ability to bind different growth factors and other proteins, as through these interactions they can modulate the cellular response. This review aims to summarize the most recent advances in the synthesis, and structural and physicochemical characterization of heparanized chitosan, a remarkably interesting family of polysaccharides that have demonstrated the ability to mimic heparan sulfates as ligands for different proteins, thereby exerting their biological activity by mimicking the function of these glycosaminoglycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Revuelta
- BioGlycoChem Group, Departamento de Química Bio-Orgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isabel Fraile
- BioGlycoChem Group, Departamento de Química Bio-Orgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Dianelis T Monterrey
- BioGlycoChem Group, Departamento de Química Bio-Orgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nerea Peña
- BioGlycoChem Group, Departamento de Química Bio-Orgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Raúl Benito-Arenas
- BioGlycoChem Group, Departamento de Química Bio-Orgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Agatha Bastida
- BioGlycoChem Group, Departamento de Química Bio-Orgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alfonso Fernández-Mayoralas
- BioGlycoChem Group, Departamento de Química Bio-Orgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eduardo García-Junceda
- BioGlycoChem Group, Departamento de Química Bio-Orgánica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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30
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Tiburcio E, García-Junceda E, Garrido L, Fernández-Mayoralas A, Revuelta J, Bastida A. Preparation and Characterization of Aminoglycoside-Loaded Chitosan/Tripolyphosphate/Alginate Microspheres against E. coli. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3326. [PMID: 34641142 PMCID: PMC8512199 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Although aminoglycosides are one of the common classes of antibiotics that have been widely used for treating infections caused by pathogenic bacteria, the evolution of bacterial resistance mechanisms and their inherent toxicity have diminished their applicability. Biocompatible carrier systems can help sustain and control the delivery of antibacterial compounds while reducing the chances of antibacterial resistance or accumulation in unwanted tissues. In this study, novel chitosan gel beads were synthesized by a double ionic co-crosslinking mechanism. Tripolyphosphate and alginate, a polysaccharide obtained from marine brown algae, were employed as ionic cross-linkers to prepare the chitosan-based networks of gel beads. The in vitro release of streptomycin and kanamycin A was bimodal; an initial burst release was observed followed by a diffusion mediated sustained release, based on a Fickian diffusion mechanism. Finally, in terms of antibacterial properties, the particles resulted in growth inhibition of Gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Tiburcio
- BioGlycoChem Group, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (E.T.); (E.G.-J.); (A.F.-M.)
| | - Eduardo García-Junceda
- BioGlycoChem Group, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (E.T.); (E.G.-J.); (A.F.-M.)
| | - Leoncio Garrido
- Nanohybrids and Interactive Polymers Group, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (ICTP-CSIC), CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alfonso Fernández-Mayoralas
- BioGlycoChem Group, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (E.T.); (E.G.-J.); (A.F.-M.)
| | - Julia Revuelta
- BioGlycoChem Group, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (E.T.); (E.G.-J.); (A.F.-M.)
| | - Agatha Bastida
- BioGlycoChem Group, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (E.T.); (E.G.-J.); (A.F.-M.)
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31
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Tan Y, Zhang L, Rajoka MSR, Mai Z, Bahadur A, Mehwish HM, Umair M, Zhao L, Wu Y, Song X. Jawbones Scaffold Constructed by TGF-β1 and BMP-2 Loaded Chitosan Microsphere Combining with Alg/HA/ICol for Osteogenic-Induced Differentiation. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3079. [PMID: 34577981 PMCID: PMC8466595 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone scaffolds based on multi-components are the leading trend to address the multifaceted prerequisites to repair various bone defects. Chitosan is the most useable biopolymer, having excellent biological applications. Therefore, in the present study, the chitosan microsphere was prepared by the ion-gel method; transforming growth factor β (TGF-β1) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) were loaded onto it and then combined with alginate/hyaluronic acid/collagen (Alg/HA/ICol) to construct a jawbones scaffold. The Alg/HA/ICol scaffolds were characterized by FTIR and SEM, and the water content, porosity, tensile properties, biocompatibility, and osteogenic-induced differentiation ability of the Alg/HA/ICol jawbones scaffolds were studied. The results indicate that a three-dimensional porous jawbone scaffold was successfully constructed having 100-250 μm of pore size and >90% of porosity without cytotoxicity against adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Its ALP quantification, osteocalcin expression, and Von Kossamineralized nodule staining was higher than the control group. The jawbones scaffold constructed by TGF-β1 and BMP-2 loaded chitosan microsphere combining with Alg/HA/ICol has potential biomedical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Tan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.T.); (M.S.R.R.); (Z.M.); (M.U.)
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Union Medical Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.T.); (M.S.R.R.); (Z.M.); (M.U.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
- Food and Feed Immunology Group, Laboratory of Animal Food Function, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Zhanhua Mai
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.T.); (M.S.R.R.); (Z.M.); (M.U.)
| | - Ali Bahadur
- Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 16229, Korea;
| | - Hafiza Mahreen Mehwish
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Muhammad Umair
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.T.); (M.S.R.R.); (Z.M.); (M.U.)
| | - Liqing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.T.); (M.S.R.R.); (Z.M.); (M.U.)
| | - Yiguang Wu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Y.T.); (M.S.R.R.); (Z.M.); (M.U.)
| | - Xun Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China;
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32
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Iqbal MW, Riaz T, Yasmin I, Leghari AA, Amin S, Bilal M, Qi X. Chitosan‐Based Materials as Edible Coating of Cheese: A Review. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waheed Iqbal
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
- Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences Riphah International University Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Tahreem Riaz
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Iqra Yasmin
- Center of Excellence for Olive Research and Training Barani Agricultural Research Institute Chakwal 48800 Pakistan
- Department of Food Science and Technology Government College Women University Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Ali Ahmad Leghari
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Sabahat Amin
- National Institute of Food Science & Technology University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering Huaiyin Institute of Technology Huaian 223003 China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
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33
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Dodero A, Schlatter G, Hébraud A, Vicini S, Castellano M. Polymer-free cyclodextrin and natural polymer-cyclodextrin electrospun nanofibers: A comprehensive review on current applications and future perspectives. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 264:118042. [PMID: 33910745 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present review discusses the use of cyclodextrins and their derivatives to prepare electrospun nanofibers with specific features. Cyclodextrins, owing to their unique capability to form inclusion complexes with hydrophobic and volatile molecules, can indeed facilitate the encapsulation of bioactive compounds in electrospun nanofibers allowing fast-dissolving products for food, biomedical, and pharmaceutical purposes, filtering materials for wastewater and air purification, as well as a variety of other technological applications. Additionally, cyclodextrins can improve the processability of naturally occurring biopolymers helping the fabrication of "green" materials with a strong industrial relevance. Hence, this review provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art of different cyclodextrins-based nanofibers including those made of pure cyclodextrins, of polycyclodextrins, and those made of natural biopolymer functionalized with cyclodextrins. To this end, the advantages and disadvantages of such approaches and their possible applications are investigated along with the current limitations in the exploitation of electrospinning at the industrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dodero
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genoa, 16146, Italy
| | - Guy Schlatter
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), CNRS UMR 7515, ECPM - University of Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, Strasbourg, 67087, France.
| | - Anne Hébraud
- Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), CNRS UMR 7515, ECPM - University of Strasbourg, 25 Rue Becquerel, Strasbourg, 67087, France
| | - Silvia Vicini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genoa, 16146, Italy
| | - Maila Castellano
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genoa, 16146, Italy.
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Zhou DY, Wu ZX, Yin FW, Song S, Li A, Zhu BW, Yu LL(L. Chitosan and Derivatives: Bioactivities and Application in Foods. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2021; 12:407-432. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-070720-112725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is a biodegradable, biocompatible, and nontoxic aminopolysaccharide. This review summarizes and discusses the structural modifications, including substitution, grafting copolymerization, cross-linking, and hydrolysis, utilized to improve the physicochemical properties and enhance the bioactivity and functionality of chitosan and related materials. This manuscript also reviews the current progress and potential of chitosan and its derivatives in body-weight management and antihyperlipidemic, antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive, antimicrobial antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunostimulatory activities as well as their ability to interact with gut microbiota. In addition, the potential of chitosan and its derivatives as functional ingredients in food systems, such as film and coating materials, and delivery systems is discussed. This manuscript aims to provide up-to-date information to stimulate future discussion and research to promote the value-added utilization of chitosan in improving the safety, quality, nutritional value and health benefits, and sustainability of our food system while reducing the environmental hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Yong Zhou
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Fa-Wen Yin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shuang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ao Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Bei-Wei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Liang-Li (Lucy) Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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Zou J, Yu F, Pan J, Pan B, Wu S, Qian M, Li J. Rapid start-up of an aerobic granular sludge system for nitrogen and phosphorus removal through seeding chitosan-based sludge aggregates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:144171. [PMID: 33360471 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a novel strategy to accelerate the start-up of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system and ensure the nutrient removal during cultivation. This new method consists of preparing the chitosan-based sludge aggregates outside the reactor and then seeding the reactor with such sludge aggregates. To prepare chitosan-based sludge aggregates, chitosan was dissolved in acetic acid solution acting as a cationic flocculant to bind negatively charged sludge together, and then the dissolved chitosan was in situ precipitated by readjusting pH to form stable sludge aggregates. The chitosan-induced charge neutralization and water-insolubility of chitosan were the two main reasons for the super-rapid formation of chitosan-based sludge aggregates. The as-prepared chitosan-based sludge aggregates had a much lower sludge volume index at 30 min (SVI30) (90.1 mL/g) than the original sludge (SVI30 = 328.0 mL/g). They also had some AGS-like characteristics such as large particle size (1300 μm) and fast settling velocity (23.8 m/h). Consequently, short settling time can be achieved and excessive biomass wash-out can be avoided in the rapid start-up of AGS system with chitosan-based sludge aggregates as inoculant, which was beneficial to accelerating sludge granulation while maintaining nutrient removal. Additionally, the abundances of filamentous bacteria and Candidatus Accumulibacter and the content of extracellular polymeric substances increased during cultivation, which could also contribute to the AGS formation. By seeding chitosan-based sludge aggregates in the anaerobic/oxic sequencing batch reactor, complete granulation was rapidly achieved in 10 days, and good removals of nitrogen and phosphorus was obtained after 14-18 days of cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinte Zou
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Fengfan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jiyang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Bingjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shuyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Mengjie Qian
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Muthu M, Gopal J, Chun S, Devadoss AJP, Hasan N, Sivanesan I. Crustacean Waste-Derived Chitosan: Antioxidant Properties and Future Perspective. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:228. [PMID: 33546282 PMCID: PMC7913366 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is obtained from chitin that in turn is recovered from marine crustacean wastes. The recovery methods and their varying types and the advantages of the recovery methods are briefly discussed. The bioactive properties of chitosan, which emphasize the unequivocal deliverables contained by this biopolymer, have been concisely presented. The variations of chitosan and its derivatives and their unique properties are discussed. The antioxidant properties of chitosan have been presented and the need for more work targeted towards harnessing the antioxidant property of chitosan has been emphasized. Some portions of the crustacean waste are being converted to chitosan; the possibility that all of the waste can be used for harnessing this versatile multifaceted product chitosan is projected in this review. The future of chitosan recovery from marine crustacean wastes and the need to improve in this area of research, through the inclusion of nanotechnological inputs have been listed under future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manikandan Muthu
- Laboratory of Neo Natural Farming, Chunnampet, Tamil Nadu 603 401, India;
| | - Judy Gopal
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (J.G.); (S.C.)
| | - Sechul Chun
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (J.G.); (S.C.)
| | | | - Nazim Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan P.O. Box 114, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Iyyakkannu Sivanesan
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Institute of Natural Science and Agriculture, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Deng W, Tan Y, Riaz Rajoka MS, Xue Q, Zhao L, Wu Y. A new type of bilayer dural substitute candidate made up of modified chitin and bacterial cellulose. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 256:117577. [PMID: 33483072 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In the field of neurosurgery, timely and effective repair of dura mater plays an important role in stabilizing the physiological functions of the human body. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a new type of bilayer membrane as a dural substitute candidate. It consists of a dense layer that prevents cerebrospinal fluid leakage and a porous layer that promotes tissue regeneration. The dense layer, a composite polysaccharid film, was composed of high molecular weight chitosan (CS) and bacterial cellulose (BC). The porous layer, a composite polysaccharid scaffold cross-linked by glutaraldehyde (GA) or citric acid (CA) respectively, was composed of O-carboxymethyl chitin (O-CMCH) and BC. The bilayer dural substitutes were characterized in terms of SEM, mechanical behavior, swelling rate, anti-leakage test, in vitro cytotoxicity, proliferation, and animal experiment. Results indicated that all prepared dural substitutes were tightly bound between layers without excessively large cavities. The porous layer showed appropriate pore size (90~200 μm) with high porous connectivity. The optimized bilayer dural substitutes showed suitable swelling rate and mechanical behavior. Furthermore, no leakage was observed during testing, no cytotoxicity effect on NIH/3T3 cells, and exhibited excellent cell proliferation promoting properties. Also, it was observed that it did not deform in the peritoneal environment of mice, and tissue inflammation was mild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Deng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongxin Tan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinghui Xue
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liqing Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yiguang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Hao R, Peng X, Zhang Y, Chen J, Wang T, Wang W, Zhao Y, Fan X, Chen C, Xu H. Rapid Hemostasis Resulting from the Synergism of Self-Assembling Short Peptide and O-Carboxymethyl Chitosan. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:55574-55583. [PMID: 33284021 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel hemostatic agents with distinct modes of action from traditional ones remains a formidable challenge. Self-assembling peptide hydrogels have emerged as a new hemostatic material, not only because of their inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability but also their designability. Especially, rational molecular design can make peptides and their hydrogelation responsive to biological cues. In this study, we demonstrated that transglutaminase-catalyzed reactions not only occurred among designed short peptide I3QGK molecules but also between the peptide and a natural polysaccharide O-carboxymethyl chitosan. Because Factor XIII in the blood can rapidly convert into activated transglutaminase (Factor XIIIa) upon bleeding, these enzymatic reactions, together with the electrostatic attraction between the two hemostatic agents, induced a strong synergetic effect in promoting hydrogelation, blood coagulation, and platelet adhesion, eventually leading to rapid hemostasis. The study presents a promising strategy for developing alternative hemostatic materials and methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xiaoting Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jiaxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Yurong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xinglong Fan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao 266035, China
| | - Cuixia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 Changjiang West Road, Qingdao 266580, China
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Kõrge K, Šeme H, Bajić M, Likozar B, Novak U. Reduction in Spoilage Microbiota and Cyclopiazonic Acid Mycotoxin with Chestnut Extract Enriched Chitosan Packaging: Stability of Inoculated Gouda Cheese. Foods 2020; 9:E1645. [PMID: 33187311 PMCID: PMC7697305 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Active chitosan-based films, blended with fibrous chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) tannin-rich extract were used to pack Gouda cheese that has been contaminated with spoilage microflora Pseudomonas fluorescens, Escherichia coli, and fungi Penicillium commune. A comprehensive experimental plan including active chitosan-based films with (i) chestnut extract (CE), (ii) tannic acid (TA), and (iii) without additives was applied to evaluate the film's effect on induced microbiological spoilage reduction and chemical indices of commercial Gouda cheese during 37 days while stored at 4 °C and 25 °C, respectively. The cheese underwent microbiology analysis and chemical assessments of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) (cyclopiazonic acid), pH, and moisture content. The biopackaging used for packing cheese was characterized by mechanical properties before food packaging and analyzed with the same chemical analysis. The cheese microbiology showed that the bacterial counts were most efficiently decreased by the film without additives. However, active films with CE and TA were more effective as they did not break down around the cheese and showed protective properties against mycotoxin, moisture loss, and pH changes. Films themselves, when next to high-fat content food, changed their pH to less acidic, acted as absorbers, and degraded without plant-derived additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristi Kõrge
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.K.); (M.B.); (B.L.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Helena Šeme
- Acies Bio d.o.o., Tehnološki park 21, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Marijan Bajić
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.K.); (M.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Blaž Likozar
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.K.); (M.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Uroš Novak
- Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.K.); (M.B.); (B.L.)
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dos Passos Braga S, Magnani M, Madruga MS, de Souza Galvão M, de Medeiros LL, Batista AUD, Dias RTA, Fernandes LR, de Medeiros ES, de Souza EL. Characterization of edible coatings formulated with chitosan and Mentha essential oils and their use to preserve papaya (Carica papaya L.). INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2020.102472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Zhao L, Deng W, Riaz Rajoka MS, Cai D, Xing T, Wu Y. Regulation of the Morphological and Physical Properties of a Soft Tissue Scaffold by Manipulating DD and DS of O-Carboxymethyl Chitin. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6187-6195. [PMID: 35021751 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
To improve the biocompatibility/biodegradability as well as to lower the cost of the popular glycosaminoglycan/collagen scaffold, a monocomponent's polysaccharide scaffold based on biomimetic chemical modification of chitin from lower organisms was developed creatively. O-Carboxymethyl chitin (O-CMCH) was prepared by chloroacetic acid substitution of alkalized chitin. The cross-linked O-CMCH soft tissue scaffold was constructed by a sol-gel freeze-drying method. The key parameters of the O-CMCH molecular structure, the degree of deacetylation (DD), and the degree of substitution (DS) were used to regulate the morphology and physical properties of the scaffold. The optimized scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously in mice, and the inflammation reaction of surrounding tissues, dermal tissue growth, and scaffold degradation were observed dynamically by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the micropores of the scaffold constructed by O-CMCH with DD = 0.53 and DS = 0.61 were uniformly distributed and in communication with each other, and the pore size was 100-150 μm, with high porosity (93.52 ± 4.68%), high swelling ratio (1402 ± 70%), and high skeleton cross-linking degree (93.4 ± 4.6%). Its tensile strength reached 0.183 ± 0.009 MPa, and its elongation at break was 18.7 ± 0.9%. Furthermore, it could be degraded to less than 10% after 16 days in phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.4) with 0.2 mg/mL lysozymes (≥ 20 000 U/mg). The early inflammation after implanting the optimized scaffolds in mice showed no difference compared with the control. The scaffold material induced dermal tissues to grow over it and was degraded gradually in vivo. The optimized scaffold regulated by DD and DS of O-CMCH possessed suitable morphology and physical properties for soft tissue engineering technology and exhibited a high applicable value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Wenjing Deng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | | | - Dejiao Cai
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Tao Xing
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Yiguang Wu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
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Luo L, He Y, Jin L, Zhang Y, Guastaldi FP, Albashari AA, Hu F, Wang X, Wang L, Xiao J, Li L, Wang J, Higuchi A, Ye Q. Application of bioactive hydrogels combined with dental pulp stem cells for the repair of large gap peripheral nerve injuries. Bioact Mater 2020; 6:638-654. [PMID: 33005828 PMCID: PMC7509005 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the limitations in autogenous nerve grafting or Schwann cell transplantation, large gap peripheral nerve injuries require a bridging strategy supported by nerve conduit. Cell based therapies provide a novel treatment for peripheral nerve injuries. In this study, we first experimented an optimal scaffold material synthesis protocol, from where we selected the 10% GFD formula (10% GelMA hydrogel, recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs)) to fill a cellulose/soy protein isolate composite membrane (CSM) tube to construct a third generation of nerve regeneration conduit, CSM-GFD. Then this CSM-GFD conduit was applied to repair a 15-mm long defect of sciatic nerve in a rat model. After 12 week post implant surgery, at histologic level, we found CSM-GFD conduit could regenerate nerve tissue like neuron and Schwann like nerve cells and myelinated nerve fibers. At physical level, CSM-GFD achieved functional recovery assessed by a sciatic functional index study. In both levels, CSM-GFD performed like what gold standard, the nerve autograft, could do. Further, we unveiled that almost all newly formed nerve tissue at defect site was originated from the direct differentiation of exogeneous DPSCs in CSM-GFD. In conclusion, we claimed that this third-generation nerve regeneration conduit, CSM-GFD, could be a promising tissue engineering approach to replace the conventional nerve autograft to treat the large gap defect in peripheral nerve injuries. A novel 3rd generation nerve conduit was successfully constructed and applied for repairing peripheral nerve injuries (PNI). Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) was optimized as an ideal seeding cells for nerve regeneration. A bioactive system combining GelMA with human bFGF and DPSCs could reconstruct the long gap PNI within 12 weeks in vivo. Our system could achieve the same outcome in nerve repair as that of autografting, a routine treatment for PNI. The proposed bioactive system may trigger an evolutional change into the current clinical practice in managing PNI. The majority of the regenerated nerve tissue was originated from the donor’s dental pulp stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Luo
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan He
- Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430064, China.,Skeletal Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Ling Jin
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fernando P Guastaldi
- Skeletal Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | | | - Fengting Hu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Lingli Li
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China.,School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Jianming Wang
- Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430064, China.,Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery/Cancer Research Center, Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Akon Higuchi
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Skeletal Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
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Tao F, Ma S, Tao H, Jin L, Luo Y, Zheng J, Xiang W, Deng H. Chitosan-based drug delivery systems: From synthesis strategy to osteomyelitis treatment - A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 251:117063. [PMID: 33142615 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis is a complex disease in orthopedics mainly caused by bacterial pathogens invading bone or bone marrow. The treatment of osteomyelitis is highly difficult and it is a major challenge in orthopedic surgery. The long-term systemic use of antibiotics may lead to antibiotic resistance and has limited effects on eradicating local biofilms. Localized antibiotic delivery after surgical debridement can overcome the problem of antibiotic resistance and reduce systemic toxicity. Chitosan, a special cationic polysaccharide, is a product extracted from the deacetylation of chitin. It has numerous advantages, such as nontoxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Recently, chitosan has attracted significant attention in bacterial inhibition and drug delivery. Because chitosan contains many functional bioactive groups conducive to chemical reaction and modification, some chitosan-based biomaterials have been applied as the local antibiotic delivery systems in the treatment of osteomyelitis. This review aims to introduce recent advances in the biomedical applications of chitosan-based drug delivery systems in osteomyelitis treatment and to highlight the perspectives for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hai Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yue Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Hongbing Deng
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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44
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Marrazzo P, O’Leary C. Repositioning Natural Antioxidants for Therapeutic Applications in Tissue Engineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:E104. [PMID: 32887327 PMCID: PMC7552777 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a large panel of natural antioxidants demonstrate a protective effect in preventing cellular oxidative stress, their low bioavailability limits therapeutic activity at the targeted injury site. The importance to deliver drug or cells into oxidative microenvironments can be realized with the development of biocompatible redox-modulating materials. The incorporation of antioxidant compounds within implanted biomaterials should be able to retain the antioxidant activity, while also allowing graft survival and tissue recovery. This review summarizes the recent literature reporting the combined role of natural antioxidants with biomaterials. Our review highlights how such functionalization is a promising strategy in tissue engineering to improve the engraftment and promote tissue healing or regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini (RN), Italy
| | - Cian O’Leary
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), 123 St Stephen’s Green, 2 D02 Dublin, Ireland;
- Science Foundation Ireland Advanced Materials and Bioengineering (AMBER) Centre, RCSI, 2 D02 Dublin, Ireland
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Uyanga KA, Okpozo OP, Onyekwere OS, Daoud WA. Citric acid crosslinked natural bi-polymer-based composite hydrogels: Effect of polymer ratio and beta-cyclodextrin on hydrogel microstructure. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Wang S, Liu R, Fu Y, Kao WJ. Release mechanisms and applications of drug delivery systems for extended-release. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:1289-1304. [PMID: 32619149 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1788541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug delivery systems with extended-release profiles are ideal in improving patient compliance with enhanced efficacy. To develop devices capable of a prolonged delivery kinetics, it is crucial to understand the various underlying mechanisms contributing to extended drug release and the impact thereof on modulating the long-term performance of such systems in a practical application environment. AREAS COVERED This review article intends to provide a comprehensive summary of release mechanisms in extended-release drug delivery systems, particularly polymer-based systems; however, other material types will also be mentioned. Selected current research in the delivery of small molecule drugs and macromolecules is highlighted. Emphasis is placed on the combined impact of different release mechanisms and drug properties on the long-term release kinetics in vitro and in vivo. EXPERT OPINION The development of drug delivery systems over an extended duration is promising but also challenging when considering the numerous interrelated delivery-related parameters. Achieving a well-controlled extended drug release requires advanced techniques to minimize burst release and lag phase, a better understanding of the dynamic interrelationship between drug properties and release profiles over time, and a thorough elucidation of the impact of multiple in vivo conditions to methodically evaluate the eventual clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - Renhe Liu
- Global Health Drug Discovery Institute , Beijing, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China
| | - W John Kao
- Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Programme, Chemical Biology Centre, and Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, China
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Santos VP, Marques NSS, Maia PCSV, de Lima MAB, Franco LDO, de Campos-Takaki GM. Seafood Waste as Attractive Source of Chitin and Chitosan Production and Their Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124290. [PMID: 32560250 PMCID: PMC7349002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a cationic polymer obtained by deacetylation of chitin, found abundantly in crustacean, insect, arthropod exoskeletons, and molluscs. The process of obtaining chitin by the chemical extraction method comprises the steps of deproteinization, demineralization, and discoloration. To obtain chitosan, the deacetylation of chitin is necessary. These polymers can also be extracted through the biological extraction method involving the use of microorganisms. Chitosan has biodegradable and biocompatible properties, being applied in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, biomedical, chemical, and textile industries. Chitosan and its derivatives may be used in the form of gels, beads, membranes, films, and sponges, depending on their application. Polymer blending can also be performed to improve the mechanical properties of the bioproduct. This review aims to provide the latest information on existing methods for chitin and chitosan recovery from marine waste as well as their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa P. Santos
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife 52171-900, Pernambuco, Brazil; (V.P.S.); (N.S.S.M.); (P.C.S.V.M.)
| | - Nathália S. S. Marques
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife 52171-900, Pernambuco, Brazil; (V.P.S.); (N.S.S.M.); (P.C.S.V.M.)
| | - Patrícia C. S. V. Maia
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife 52171-900, Pernambuco, Brazil; (V.P.S.); (N.S.S.M.); (P.C.S.V.M.)
| | - Marcos Antonio Barbosa de Lima
- Department of Microbiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife 52171-900, Pernambuco, Brazil; (M.A.B.d.L.); (L.d.O.F.)
| | - Luciana de Oliveira Franco
- Department of Microbiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife 52171-900, Pernambuco, Brazil; (M.A.B.d.L.); (L.d.O.F.)
| | - Galba Maria de Campos-Takaki
- Research Center for Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University Pernambuco, Recife 50050-590, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-081-2119-4017
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Journot CMA, Nicolle L, Lavanchy Y, Gerber-Lemaire S. Selection of Water-Soluble Chitosan by Microwave-Assisted Degradation and pH-Controlled Precipitation. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1274. [PMID: 32498369 PMCID: PMC7362083 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the field of gene therapy, chitosan (CS) gained interest for its promise as a non-viral DNA vector. However, commercial sources of CS lack precise characterization and do not generally reach sufficient solubility in aqueous media for in vitro and in vivo evaluation. As low molecular weight CS showed improved solubility, we investigated the process of CS depolymerization by acidic hydrolysis, using either long time heating at 80 °C or short time microwave-enhanced heating. The resulting depolymerized chitosan (dCS) were analyzed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to determine their average molecular weight (Mn, Mp and Mw), polydispersity index (PD) and degree of deacetylation (DD). We emphasized the production of water-soluble CS (solubility > 5 mg/mL), obtained in reproducible yield and characteristics, and suitable for downstream functionalization. Optimal microwave-assisted conditions provided dCS with a molecular weight (MW) = 12.6 ± 0.6 kDa, PD = 1.41 ± 0.05 and DD = 85%. While almost never discussed in the literature, we observed the partial post-production aggregation of dCS when exposed to phase changes (from liquid to solid). Repeated cycles of freezing/thawing allowed the selection of dCS fractions which were exempt of crystalline particles formation upon solubilization from frozen samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline M. A. Journot
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (C.M.A.J.); (L.N.)
| | - Laura Nicolle
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (C.M.A.J.); (L.N.)
| | - Yann Lavanchy
- Molecular and Hybrid Materials Characterization Center, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL STI MHMC MHMC-GE, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Sandrine Gerber-Lemaire
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL SB ISIC SCI-SB-SG, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (C.M.A.J.); (L.N.)
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Santana Silva RJ, Alves RM, Peres Gramacho K, Marcellino LH, Micheli F. Involvement of structurally distinct cupuassu chitinases and osmotin in plant resistance to the fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 148:142-151. [PMID: 31958681 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The cupuassu tree (Theobroma grandiflorum) is a crop of great economic importance to Brazil, mainly for its pulp and seeds, which are used in food industry. However, cupuassu fruit production is threatened by witches' broom disease caused by the fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa. As elements of its defense mechanisms, the plant can produce and accumulate pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins such as chitinases and osmotins. Here, we identified three cupuassu PR proteins (TgPR3, TgPR5 and TgPR8) from cupuassu-M. perniciosa interaction RNA-seq data. TgPR3 and TgPR8 corresponded to chitinases, and TgPR5 to osmotin; they are phylogenetically related to cacao and to Arabidopsis PR sequences involved in biotic and abiotic stress. The TgPR proteins' tridimensional structure was obtained through homology modeling, and molecular docking with chitin and chitosan showed that the TgPR proteins can interact with both cell wall molecules and presented a higher affinity for chitosan. TgPR gene expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR on resistant and susceptible cupuassu genotypes infected by M. perniciosa at 8, 24, 48 and 72 h after infection (hai). The TgPR genes showed higher expression in resistant plants compared to the susceptible ones, mainly for TgPR5 at 8 and 24 hai, while the expression was lower in the susceptible cupuassu plants. To our knowledge, this is the first in silico and in vitro reports of cupuassu PR protein. The data suggested that TgPRs could be involved in recognizing mechanisms of the plant's innate immune system through chitin receptors. Our results also suggest a putative role of chitinase/chitosanase for the TgPR5/osmotin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raner José Santana Silva
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Rafael Moyses Alves
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, 66095-903, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Lucilia Helena Marcellino
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil
| | - Fabienne Micheli
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil; CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398, Montpellier, France.
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Qin Y, Li P, Guo Z. Cationic chitosan derivatives as potential antifungals: A review of structural optimization and applications. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 236:116002. [PMID: 32172836 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The increasing resistance of pathogen fungi poses a global public concern. There are several limitations in current antifungals, including few available fungicides, severe toxicity of some fungicides, and drug resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new antifungals with novel targets. Chitosan has been recognized as a potential antifungal substance due to its good biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and availability in abundance, but its applications are hampered by the low charge density results in low solubility at physiological pH. It is believed that enhancing the positive charge density of chitosan may be the most effective approach to improve both its solubility and antifungal activity. Hence, this review mainly focuses on the structural optimization strategy of cationic chitosan and the potential antifungal applications. This review also assesses and comments on the challenges, shortcomings, and prospect of cationic chitosan derivatives as antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), No. 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Zhanyong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China.
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