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Karimi A, Tahmourespour A, Hoodaji M. Cyanobacterial biocrust alters soil physical properties reducing soil erosion and aerosol production. Braz J Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s42770-024-01377-z. [PMID: 38922531 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01377-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Aerosol emission by wind erosion in the arid and semi-arid areas of the world, is of environmental and health significance. Different methods have been used to mitigate aerosol emission among which the biological methods may be the most efficient ones. Although previously investigated, more research is essential to determine how the use of exopolysaccharide (biocrust)-producing cyanobacteria may affect soil physical properties. The objective was to investigate the effects of the cyanobacteria, Microcoleus vaginatus ATHK43 (identified and registered by the NCBI accession number MW433686), on soil physical properties of a sandy soil 15, 30, 60, and 90 d after inoculation. The effects of cyanobacterial biocrust on soil properties including shear strength, soil resistance, aggregate stability (mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD)), and wind erosion were determined in trays using a wind tunnel. Cyanobacterial inoculation significantly increased MWD (0-1 cm depth, from 0.12 mm to 0.47 mm) and GMD (from 0.3 to 0.5 mm) after a period of 90 d. Biocrust production significantly decreased soil erosion from 55.7 kgm- 2 to 0.3 kgm- 2 (wind rate of 50 kmh- 1), and from 116.42 kgm- 2 to 0.6 kgm- 2 (wind rate of 90 kmh- 1) after 90 d. In conclusion, cyanobacterial biocrust can significantly improve soil physical properties in different parts of the world including the deserts, and reduce aerosol emission by mitigating the destructive effects of wind erosion on soil physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Karimi
- Department of Soil Science, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arezoo Tahmourespour
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehran Hoodaji
- Department of Soil Science, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
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2
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Bakhshian M, Naderi MR, Javanmard HR, Bahreininejad B. Biochemical properties and pigment contents of Satureja genotypes affected by plant growth regulators and temperature stress. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:159. [PMID: 38770163 PMCID: PMC11102421 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03953-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
There is little data, to our knowledge, on the biochemical properties of different Satureja sp. genotypes affected by plant growth regulators (PGR) under temperature stress. A split plot research on the basis of a complete randomized block design with three replicates examining temperature stress (planting dates, 8th of April, May and June) (main factor), and the factorial combination of plant growth regulators (PGR, control (CO), gibberellic acid (GA), fertilization (MI), and amino acid (A)), and genotypes (Khuzestani, Mutika, and Bakhtiari) on plant biochemical properties, was conducted. Plant pigment contents (chlorophyll a, and b and carotenoids (car)), antioxidant activity (catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (GP)), and leaf protein were determined. Treatments significantly and differently affected the genotypes performance. PD3 and PD1resulted in significantly higher activity of APX (0.059 U. mg-1) and GP (0.190 U. mg-1), respectively (P ≤ 0.05). Temperature stress significantly affected plant CAT activity (U. mg-1) at PD1 (0.084) and PD3 (0.820). Higher temperature significantly enhanced leaf Pro, MI increased plant APX (0.054) and CAT activities (0.111 U. mg-1) significantly, and GA resulted in the highest and significantly different GP activity (0.186 U. mL-1). Treatments T1 and T3 significantly enhanced Chla and Car content, and MI resulted in significantly higher Chlb content (0.085 mg g-1 leaf fresh weight). Car and CAT are the two most sensitive biochemical traits under temperature stress and can more effectively regulate Satureja growth and activity. It is possible to alleviate temperature stress on Satureja biochemical properties by the tested PGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bakhshian
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Naderi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Javanmard
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Babak Bahreininejad
- Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran
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3
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Zhang Q, Xue R, Mei X, Su L, Zhang W, Li Y, Xu J, Mao J, Mao C, Lu T. A study of volatiles of young citrus fruits from four areas based on GC-MS and flash GC e-nose combined with multivariate algorithms. Food Res Int 2024; 177:113874. [PMID: 38225115 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The present study has successfully established a scientific and precise approach for distinguishing the geographical origins of young citrus fruits (Qingpi) from four primary production regions in China, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and flash gas chromatography electronic nose (flash GC e-nose) to analyze the volatile composition and odor characteristics. Through the application of chemometric analysis, a clear differentiation among Qingpi samples was established using GC-MS. Additionally, the application of flash GC e-nose facilitated the extraction of flavor information, which enabled the discrimination of geographical origins. Several flavor components were identified as significant factors for origin certification. Furthermore, two pattern recognition algorithms were employed to achieve high accuracy in regional identification. The results of this investigation demonstrate that the amalgamation of multivariate chemometrics and algorithms can proficiently discern the sources of those young citrus fruits. The findings of this research can provide a reference for the assessment of quality control in food and other agricultural commodities in the times ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rong Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xi Mei
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lianlin Su
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinguo Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chunqin Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tulin Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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4
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Rigi Karvandri A, Mehraban A, Ganjali HR, Miri KH, Mobasser HR. The biochemical properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L. affected by irrigation water amount and quality. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:6903-6913. [PMID: 37145240 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01584-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Water deficiency, especially in the arid and semi-arid areas, necessitates the proper water use and recycling. The objective was to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation as well as treated wastewater on the biochemical properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L., grown in the arid area of Iranshahr, Iran. A split-split plot design on the basis of a complete randomized block design with three replicates was conducted in 2017. Irrigation water treatments of (I1 = 100% of field capacity, FC), 75% of FC (I2), and 50% of FC (I3) as main plots, reduced (S1), and partial irrigation (S2), as sub-plots, and well water (Q1), treated wastewater (Q2), and the combination of Q1 and Q2 (Q3, 50% + 50%), as sub-sub plots, were tested. Plant biochemical properties including proline (Pr), soluble sugars (SS), and essential oil volume (V) and yield (Y) as well as water use efficiency (WUE) were determined. The I2, treatment, compared with I1, increased Pr, SS, V, Y and WUE by 34.4, 31.9, 52.6, 34.3, and 48.1%, respectively. The S2 treatment also increased plant biochemical properties more than 45% related to S1, and Q2 significantly enhanced the measured parameters compared with Q1 and Q3. Treated wastewater improved the essential oil yield of the plant in water deficit conditions. Accordingly, under deficit water conditions, treatment I2S2, and in the case of unfavorable water sources and deficit water conditions, treatment I2Q2 are recommendable to alleviate water stress and improve the biochemical properties of Rosmarinus officinalis L. in the arid areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rigi Karvandri
- Department of Agronomy, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
| | - A Mehraban
- Department of Agronomy, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - H R Ganjali
- Department of Agronomy, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
| | - K H Miri
- Balochistan Agriculture Research Center, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - H R Mobasser
- Department of Agronomy, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
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Ma N, Yin D, Liu Y, Gao Z, Cao Y, Chen T, Huang Z, Jia Q, Wang D. Succession of endophytic fungi and rhizosphere soil fungi and their correlation with secondary metabolites in Fagopyrum dibotrys. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1220431. [PMID: 37601353 PMCID: PMC10434241 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1220431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Golden buckwheat (Fagopyrum dibotrys, also known as F. acutatum) is a traditional edible herbal medicinal plant with a large number of secondary metabolites and is considered to be a source of therapeutic compounds. Different ecological environments have a significant impact on their compound content and medicinal effects. However, little is known about the interactions between soil physicochemical properties, the rhizosphere, endophytic fungal communities, and secondary metabolites in F. dibotrys. In this study, the rhizosphere soil and endophytic fungal communities of F. dibotrys in five different ecological regions in China were identified based on high-throughput sequencing methods. The correlations between soil physicochemical properties, active components (total saponins, total flavonoids, proanthocyanidin, and epicatechin), and endophytic and rhizosphere soil fungi of F. dibotrys were analyzed. The results showed that soil pH, soil N, OM, and P were significantly correlated with the active components of F. dibotrys. Among them, epicatechin, proanthocyanidin, and total saponins were significantly positively correlated with soil pH, while proanthocyanidin content was significantly positively correlated with STN, SAN, and OM in soil, and total flavone content was significantly positively correlated with P in soil. In soil microbes, Mortierella, Trechispora, Exophiala, Ascomycota_unclassified, Auricularia, Plectosphaerella, Mycena, Fungi_unclassified, Agaricomycetes_unclassified, Coprinellus, and Pseudaleuria were significantly related to key secondary metabolites of F. dibotrys. Diaporthe and Meripilaceae_unclassified were significantly related to key secondary metabolites in the rhizome. This study presents a new opportunity to deeply understand soil-plant-fungal symbioses and secondary metabolites in F. dibotrys, as well as provides a scientific basis for using biological fertilization strategies to improve the quality of F. dibotrys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dengpan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziyong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tongtong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaojun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dekai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism Regulation in Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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6
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Fan L, Li Y, Wang X, Leng F, Li S, Zhu N, Chen K, Wang Y. Culturable endophytic fungi community structure isolated from Codonopsis pilosula roots and effect of season and geographic location on their structures. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:132. [PMID: 37189022 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02848-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhizosphere soil physicochemical, endophytic fungi have an important role in plant growth. A large number of endophytic fungi play an indispensable role in promoting plant growth and development, and they can provide protection for host plants by producing a variety of secondary metabolites to resist and inhibit plant pathogens. Due to the terrain of Gansu province is north-south and longitudinal, different climatic conditions, altitude, terrain and growth environment will affect the growth of Codonopsis pilosula, and the changes in these environmental factors directly affect the quality and yield of C. pilosula in different production areas. However, In C. pilosula, the connection between soil nutrients, spatiotemporal variation and the community structure of endophytic fungi isolated from C. pilosula roots has not been well studied. RESULTS Seven hundred six strains of endophytic fungi were obtained using tissue isolation and the hyphaend-purification method from C. pilosula roots that picked at all seasons and six districts (Huichuan, HC; Longxi, LX; Zhangxian, ZX; Minxian, MX; Weiyuan, WY; and Lintao, LT) in Gansu Province, China. Fusarium sp. (205 strains, 29.04%), Aspergillus sp. (196 strains, 27.76%), Alternaria sp. (73 strains, 10.34%), Penicillium sp. (58 strains, 8.22%) and Plectosphaerella sp. (56 strains, 7.93%) were the dominant genus. The species composition differed from temporal and spatial distribution (Autumn and Winter were higher than Spring and Summer, MX and LT had the highest similarity, HC and LT had the lowest). physical and chemical of soil like Electroconductibility (EC), Total nitrogen (TN), Catalase (CAT), Urease (URE) and Sucrase (SUC) had significant effects on agronomic traits of C. pilosula (P < 0.05). AK (Spring and Summer), TN (Autumn) and altitude (Winter) are the main driving factors for the change of endophytic fungal community. Moreover, geographic location (such as altitude, latitude and longitude) also has effects on the diversity of endophytic fungi. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that soil nutrients and enzyme, seasonal variation and geographical locations have an impact on shaping the community structure of culturable endophytic fungi in the roots of C. pilosula and its root traits. This suggests that climatic conditions may play a driving role in the growth and development of C. pilosula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Fan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Yuanli Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Feifan Leng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
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Si C, Zeng D, da Silva JAT, Qiu S, Duan J, Bai S, He C. Genome-wide identification of Aux/IAA and ARF gene families reveal their potential roles in flower opening of Dendrobium officinale. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:199. [PMID: 37055721 PMCID: PMC10099678 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is a vital phytohormone that influences plant growth and development. Our previous work showed that IAA content decreased during flower development in the medicinally important orchid Dendrobium officinale, while Aux/IAA genes were downregulated. However, little information about auxin-responsive genes and their roles in D. officinale flower development exists. RESULTS This study validated 14 DoIAA and 26 DoARF early auxin-responsive genes in the D. officinale genome. A phylogenetic analysis classified the DoIAA genes into two subgroups. An analysis of cis-regulatory elements indicated that they were related by phytohormones and abiotic stresses. Gene expression profiles were tissue-specific. Most DoIAA genes (except for DoIAA7) were sensitive to IAA (10 μmol/L) and were downregulated during flower development. Four DoIAA proteins (DoIAA1, DoIAA6, DoIAA10 and DoIAA13) were mainly localized in the nucleus. A yeast two-hybrid assay showed that these four DoIAA proteins interacted with three DoARF proteins (DoARF2, DoARF17, DoARF23). CONCLUSIONS The structure and molecular functions of early auxin-responsive genes in D. officinale were investigated. The DoIAA-DoARF interaction may play an important role in flower development via the auxin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Si
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Danqi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | | | - Shengxiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Jun Duan
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Song Bai
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding & Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Chunmei He
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
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Liu Z, Ma Y, Lv X, Li N, Li X, Xing J, Li C, Hu B. Abiotic factors and endophytes co-regulate flavone and terpenoid glycoside metabolism in Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:2671-2688. [PMID: 36864204 PMCID: PMC10033487 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12441-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, endorhizospheric microbiota is realized to be able to promote the secondary metabolism in medicinal plants, but the detailed metabolic regulation metabolisms and whether the promotion is influenced by environmental factors are unclear yet. Here, the major flavonoids and endophytic bacterial communities in various Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. roots collected from seven distinct places in northwest China, as well as the edaphic conditions, were characterized and analyzed. It was found that the soil moisture and temperature might modulate the secondary metabolism in G. uralensis roots partially through some endophytes. One rationally isolated endophyte Rhizobium rhizolycopersici GUH21 was proved to promote the accumulation of isoliquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid significantly in roots of the potted G. uralensis under the relatively high-level watering and low temperature. Furthermore, we did the comparative transcriptome analysis of G. uralensis seedling roots in different treatments to investigate the detailed mechanisms of the environment-endophyte-plant interactions and found that the low temperature went hand in hand with the high-level watering to activate the aglycone biosynthesis in G. uralensis, while GUH21 and the high-level watering cooperatively promoted the in planta glucosyl unit production. Our study is of significance for the development of methods to rationally promote the medicinal plant quality. KEY POINTS: • Soil temperature and moisture related to isoliquiritin contents in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. • Soil temperature and moisture related to the hosts' endophytic bacterial community structures. • The causal relation among abiotic factors-endophytes-host was proved through the pot experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zidi Liu
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102401, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyang Ma
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102401, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelian Lv
- Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002, People's Republic of China
| | - Nannan Li
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102401, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Li
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102401, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Xing
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Li
- Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bing Hu
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102401, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, Beijing, 102401, People's Republic of China.
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Singh R, Ahmed S, Luxmi S, Rai G, Gupta AP, Bhanwaria R, Gandhi SG. An assessment of the physicochemical characteristics and essential oil composition of Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds. exposed to different salt stress conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1165687. [PMID: 37143871 PMCID: PMC10151762 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1165687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress adversely influences growth, development, and productivity in plants, resulting in a limitation on agriculture production worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of four different salts, i.e., NaCl, KCl, MgSO4, and CaCl2, applied at various concentrations of 0, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mM on the physico-chemical properties and essential oil composition of M. longifolia. After 45 days of transplantation, the plants were irrigated at different salinities at 4-day intervals for 60 days. The resulting data revealed a significant reduction in plant height, number of branches, biomass, chlorophyll content, and relative water content with rising concentrations of NaCl, KCl, and CaCl2. However, MgSO4 poses fewer toxic effects than other salts. Proline concentration, electrolyte leakage, and DPPH inhibition (%) increase with increasing salt concentrations. At lower-level salt conditions, we had a higher essential oil yield, and GC-MS analysis reported 36 compounds in which (-)-carvone and D-limonene covered the most area by 22%-50% and 45%-74%, respectively. The expression analyzed by qRT-PCR of synthetic Limonene (LS) and Carvone (ISPD) synthetic genes has synergistic and antagonistic relationships in response to salt treatments. To conclude, it can be said that lower levels of salt enhanced the production of essential oil in M. longifolia, which may provide future benefits commercially and medicinally. In addition to this, salt stress also resulted in the emergence of novel compounds in essential oils, for which future strategies are needed to identify the importance of these compounds in M. longifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Singh
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sajad Ahmed
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Savita Luxmi
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Garima Rai
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Ajai Prakash Gupta
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Rajendra Bhanwaria
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- *Correspondence: Sumit G. Gandhi, ; ; Rajendra Bhanwaria,
| | - Sumit G. Gandhi
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
- *Correspondence: Sumit G. Gandhi, ; ; Rajendra Bhanwaria,
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Gholamnia A, Mosleh Arani A, Sodaeizadeh H, Tarkesh Esfahani S, Ghasemi S. Expression profiling of rosmarinic acid biosynthetic genes and some physiological responses from Mentha piperita L. under salinity and heat stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:545-557. [PMID: 35465208 PMCID: PMC8986900 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01159-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Peppermint is of great economic importance, mainly due to its valuable essential oils. The present study aimed to compare the expression level of genes coding for proteins involved in the rosmarinic acid biosynthesis pathway and some physiological responses in peppermint under three levels of salinity (0, 60 and 120 mM) and two levels of thermal stresses (at 25 °C, optimal plant heat, and 35 °C, for thermal stress). The results showed that salinity at 25 °C resulted in an increased relative level of phenolic compounds, proline and antioxidant activity by 1.88, 1.92 and 2.58 times after 72 h respectively at salinity of 120 mM. Rosmarinic acid as well as soluble sugar, chlorophyll and K+/N+ ratio showed a decreasing trend by 3.2, 1.8, 4.6 and 9 times after 72 h respectively at salinity of 120 mM at 35 °C. Gene expression analysis showed a significant increase in HPPR and C4H expression and a significant decrease in RAS expression in plants subjected to simultaneous stresses. The higher levels of C4H and HPPR expression indicate the roles of these genes in defense processes and the effects of phenolic compounds in inhibiting oxidative stress. Our results may help increase knowledge about the stress-dependent alterations in gene expression profiles and physiological patterns in plants. This information may be used for medicinal plant improvement programs aimed at increasing rosmarinic acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Gholamnia
- Department of Arid Land and Desert Management. Faculty of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Asghar Mosleh Arani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hamid Sodaeizadeh
- Department of Arid Land and Desert Management. Faculty of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Saeed Tarkesh Esfahani
- Department of Arid Land and Desert Management. Faculty of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Somaieh Ghasemi
- Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
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Miransari M, Adham S, Miransari M, Miransari A. The physicochemical approaches of altering growth and biochemical properties of medicinal plants in saline soils. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:1895-1904. [PMID: 35190845 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11838-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are important sources of biochemical compounds affecting human health. However, because large areas of the world are subjected to different stresses including salinity, it is important to find methods, which may control the growth and biochemical properties of medicinal plants in such conditions. Another aspect of cropping medicinal plants in saline soils is the alteration of their biochemical properties by stress. Due to the significance of planting medicinal plants in saline soils, the objective of the present review article is to investigate and analyze the physicochemical approaches including soil leaching, organic fertilization, mineral nutrition, ozonated water, magnetism, superabsorbent polymers, and zeolite, which may control the effects of salinity stress on the growth and biochemical properties (production of secondary metabolites) of medicinal plants. In our just-published review article, we investigated the biological approaches, which may affect the growth and biochemical properties of medicinal properties in saline soils. Although salinity stress may induce the production of biochemical products in medicinal plants, the use of physicochemical approaches is also recommendable for the improved growth and biochemical properties of medicinal plants in saline soils. More has yet to be indicated on the use of the physicochemical approaches, which may affect the growth and biochemical properties of medicinal plants in salt stress conditions. KEY POINTS: • Growth and physiological alteration of medicinal plants in salt stress conditions. • The physicochemical approaches of such alteration have been reviewed. • More has yet to be indicated on the approaches, which may affect such properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Miransari
- Department of Book&Article, AbtinBerkeh Scientific Ltd. Company, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Shirin Adham
- Department of Book&Article, AbtinBerkeh Scientific Ltd. Company, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdiar Miransari
- Department of Book&Article, AbtinBerkeh Scientific Ltd. Company, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arshia Miransari
- Department of Book&Article, AbtinBerkeh Scientific Ltd. Company, Isfahan, Iran
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