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Wang H, Yang Y, Xu Y, Chen Y, Zhang W, Liu T, Chen G, Wang K. Phage-based delivery systems: engineering, applications, and challenges in nanomedicines. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:365. [PMID: 38918839 PMCID: PMC11197292 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02576-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) represent a unique category of viruses with a remarkable ability to selectively infect host bacteria, characterized by their assembly from proteins and nucleic acids. Leveraging their exceptional biological properties and modifiable characteristics, phages emerge as innovative, safe, and efficient delivery vectors. The potential drawbacks associated with conventional nanocarriers in the realms of drug and gene delivery include a lack of cell-specific targeting, cytotoxicity, and diminished in vivo transfection efficiency. In contrast, engineered phages, when employed as cargo delivery vectors, hold the promise to surmount these limitations and attain enhanced delivery efficacy. This review comprehensively outlines current strategies for the engineering of phages, delineates the principal types of phages utilized as nanocarriers in drug and gene delivery, and explores the application of phage-based delivery systems in disease therapy. Additionally, an incisive analysis is provided, critically examining the challenges confronted by phage-based delivery systems within the domain of nanotechnology. The primary objective of this article is to furnish a theoretical reference that contributes to the reasoned design and development of potent phage-based delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
- Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group), Qingdao, 266024, China
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266024, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Tianqing Liu
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia.
| | - Gang Chen
- Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Central Medical Group), Qingdao, 266024, China.
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266024, China.
| | - Kaikai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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Kim SM, Heo HR, Kim CS, Shin HH. Genetically engineered bacteriophages as novel nanomaterials: applications beyond antimicrobial agents. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1319830. [PMID: 38725991 PMCID: PMC11079243 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1319830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are viruses that replicate in bacteria and archaea. Phages were initially discovered as antimicrobial agents, and they have been used as therapeutic agents for bacterial infection in a process known as "phage therapy." Recently, phages have been investigated as functional nanomaterials in a variety of areas, as they can function not only as therapeutic agents but also as biosensors and tissue regenerative materials. Phages are nontoxic to humans, and they possess self-assembled nanostructures and functional properties. Additionally, phages can be easily genetically modified to display specific peptides or to screen for functional peptides via phage display. Here, we demonstrated the application of phage nanomaterials in the context of tissue engineering, sensing, and probing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Min Kim
- Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ryoung Heo
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Sup Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Hui Shin
- Medical Device Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Brišar N, Šuster K, Brezar SK, Vidmar R, Fonović M, Cör A. An Engineered M13 Filamentous Nanoparticle as an Antigen Carrier for a Malignant Melanoma Immunotherapeutic Strategy. Viruses 2024; 16:232. [PMID: 38400008 PMCID: PMC10893169 DOI: 10.3390/v16020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages, prokaryotic viruses, hold great potential in genetic engineering to open up new avenues for vaccine development. Our study aimed to establish engineered M13 bacteriophages expressing MAGE-A1 tumor peptides as a vaccine for melanoma treatment. Through in vivo experiments, we sought to assess their ability to induce robust immune responses. Using phage display technology, we engineered two M13 bacteriophages expressing MAGE-A1 peptides as fusion proteins with either pVIII or pIIII coat proteins. Mice were intraperitoneally vaccinated three times, two weeks apart, using two different engineered bacteriophages; control groups received a wild-type bacteriophage. Serum samples taken seven days after each vaccination were analyzed by ELISA assay, while splenocytes harvested seven days following the second boost were evaluated by ex vivo cytotoxicity assay. Fusion proteins were confirmed by Western blot and nano-LC-MS/MS. The application of bacteriophages was safe, with no adverse effects on mice. Engineered bacteriophages effectively triggered immune responses, leading to increased levels of anti-MAGE-A1 antibodies in proportion to the administered bacteriophage dosage. Anti-MAGE-A1 antibodies also exhibited a binding capability to B16F10 tumor cells in vitro, as opposed to control samples. Splenocytes demonstrated enhanced CTL cytotoxicity against B16F10 cells. We have demonstrated the immunogenic capabilities of engineered M13 bacteriophages, emphasizing their potential for melanoma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuša Brišar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katja Šuster
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, 6280 Ankaran, Slovenia;
| | - Simona Kranjc Brezar
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Robert Vidmar
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.V.); (M.F.)
| | - Marko Fonović
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.V.); (M.F.)
| | - Andrej Cör
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, 6280 Ankaran, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Education, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia
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Islam MS, Fan J, Pan F. The power of phages: revolutionizing cancer treatment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1290296. [PMID: 38033486 PMCID: PMC10684691 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1290296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a devastating disease with a high global mortality rate and is projected to increase further in the coming years. Current treatment options, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, have limitations including side effects, variable effectiveness, high costs, and limited availability. There is a growing need for alternative treatments that can target cancer cells specifically with fewer side effects. Phages, that infect bacteria but not eukaryotic cells, have emerged as promising cancer therapeutics due to their unique properties, including specificity and ease of genetic modification. Engineered phages can transform cancer treatment by targeting cancer cells while sparing healthy ones. Phages exhibit versatility as nanocarriers, capable of delivering therapeutic agents like gene therapy, immunotherapy, and vaccines. Phages are extensively used in vaccine development, with filamentous, tailed, and icosahedral phages explored for different antigen expression possibilities. Engineered filamentous phages bring benefits such as built in adjuvant properties, cost-effectiveness, versatility in multivalent formulations, feasibility of oral administration, and stability. Phage-based vaccines stimulate the innate immune system by engaging pattern recognition receptors on antigen-presenting cells, enhancing phage peptide antigen presentation to B-cells and T-cells. This review presents recent phage therapy advances and challenges in cancer therapy, exploring its versatile tools and vaccine potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sharifull Islam
- Center for Cancer Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei, China
| | - Fan Pan
- Center for Cancer Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Jian C, Jing Z, Yinhang W, Jinlong D, Yuefen P, Quan Q, Shuwen H. Colorectal cancer and gut viruses: a visualized analysis based on CiteSpace knowledge graph. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1239818. [PMID: 37928670 PMCID: PMC10622771 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1239818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gut microbiome is a complex community of microbes present in the human gut and plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the relationship between virus and CRC has not been fully understood. Objective To explore the hot spots and research trends in the field of CRC and virus. Methods By using the bibliometric analysis tool CiteSpace and based on the articles of the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database, the country, institution, highly cited literature, keywords and so on were visually analyzed. Results A total of 356 research articles on CRC from 2001 to 2023 were thoroughly analyzed. The USA and China have made the largest contribution in the field of virus and CRC. The Helmholtz Association published the most papers. There were relatively few cooperations among institutions from different countries. The results of keyword cluster analysis proved that the literature on the relationship between human cytomegalovirus (CMV) and CRC was the most widely studied aspect in this field. "Gut microbiota," "inflammatory bowel disease," "hepatitis b virus," and "human papillomavirus infection" are the current research hotspots; "oncolytic virus," "apoptosis," and "gut microbiome" are the recent research frontiers and should be paid closer attention. Conclusion By using CiteSpace bibliometric software, the visual analysis reflected the research trends and hot topics of virus and CRC. In addition, the prevalence and mechanism of specific virus on CRC were also reviewed, which provides valuable references for future CRC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Jian
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Jing
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Wu Yinhang
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Duan Jinlong
- Huzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou, China
| | - Pan Yuefen
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Qi Quan
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
| | - Han Shuwen
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer, Huzhou, China
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Wu J, Xia C, Liu C, Zhang Q, Xia C. The role of gut microbiota and drug interactions in the development of colorectal cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1265136. [PMID: 37680706 PMCID: PMC10481531 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1265136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem regulating the host's environmental interaction. The same functional food or drug may have varying bioavailability and distinct effects on different individuals. Drugs such as antibiotics can alter the intestinal flora, thus affecting health. However, the relationship between intestinal flora and non-antibiotic drugs is bidirectional: it is not only affected by drugs; nevertheless, it can alter the drug structure through enzymes and change the bioavailability, biological activity, or toxicity of drugs to improve their efficacy and safety. This review summarizes the roles and mechanisms of antibiotics, antihypertensive drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, lipid-lowering drugs, hypoglycemic drugs, virus-associated therapies, metabolites, and dietary in modulating the colorectal cancer gut microbiota. It provides a reference for future antitumor therapy targeting intestinal microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinna Wu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cong Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Can Liu
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianshi Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Zou G, He L, Rao J, Song Z, Du H, Li R, Wang W, Zhou Y, Liang L, Chen H, Li J. Improving the safety and efficacy of phage therapy from the perspective of phage-mammal interactions. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2023; 47:fuad042. [PMID: 37442611 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuad042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phage therapy has re-emerged as a promising solution for combating antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections. Increasingly, studies have revealed that phages possess therapeutic potential beyond their antimicrobial properties, including regulating the gut microbiome and maintain intestinal homeostasis, as a novel nanocarrier for targeted drug delivery. However, the complexity and unpredictability of phage behavior during treatment pose a significant challenge in clinical practice. The intricate interactions established between phages, humans, and bacteria throughout their long coexistence in the natural ecosystem contribute to the complexity of phage behavior in therapy, raising concerns about their efficacy and safety as therapeutic agents. Revealing the mechanisms by which phages interact with the human body will provide a theoretical basis for increased application of promising phage therapy. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of phage-mammal interactions, including signaling pathways, adaptive immunity responses, and phage-mediated anti-inflammatory responses. Then, from the perspective of phage-mammalian immune system interactions, we present the first systematic overview of the factors affecting phage therapy, such as the mode of administration, the physiological status of the patient, and the biological properties of the phage, to offer new insights into phage therapy for various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lijun He
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing Rao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhiyong Song
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hu Du
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Runze Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lu Liang
- School of Bioscience, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
| | - Huanchun Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, College of Food Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, College of Biomedicine and Health, Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Tan JS, Jaffar Ali MNB, Gan BK, Tan WS. Next-generation viral nanoparticles for targeted delivery of therapeutics: Fundamentals, methods, biomedical applications, and challenges. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:955-978. [PMID: 37339432 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2228202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Viral nanoparticles (VNPs) are virus-based nanocarriers that have been studied extensively and intensively for biomedical applications. However, their clinical translation is relatively low compared to the predominating lipid-based nanoparticles. Therefore, this article describes the fundamentals, challenges, and solutions of the VNP-based platform, which will leverage the development of next-generation VNPs. AREAS COVERED Different types of VNPs and their biomedical applications are reviewed comprehensively. Strategies and approaches for cargo loading and targeted delivery of VNPs are examined thoroughly. The latest developments in controlled release of cargoes from VNPs and their mechanisms are highlighted too. The challenges faced by VNPs in biomedical applications are identified, and solutions are provided to overcome them. EXPERT OPINION In the development of next-generation VNPs for gene therapy, bioimaging and therapeutic deliveries, focus must be given to reduce their immunogenicity, and increase their stability in the circulatory system. Modular virus-like particles (VLPs) which are produced separately from their cargoes or ligands before all the components are coupled can speed up clinical trials and commercialization. In addition, removal of contaminants from VNPs, cargo delivery across the blood brain barrier (BBB), and targeting of VNPs to organelles intracellularly are challenges that will preoccupy researchers in this decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Sen Tan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Norizwan Bin Jaffar Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bee Koon Gan
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Siang Tan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Chang C, Guo W, Yu X, Guo C, Zhou N, Guo X, Huang RL, Li Q, Zhu Y. Engineered M13 phage as a novel therapeutic bionanomaterial for clinical applications: From tissue regeneration to cancer therapy. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100612. [PMID: 37063776 PMCID: PMC10102448 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) are nanostructured viruses with highly selective antibacterial properties that have gained attention beyond eliminating bacteria. Specifically, M13 phages are filamentous phages that have recently been studied in various aspects of nanomedicine due to their biological advantages and more compliant engineering capabilities over other phages. Having nanofiber-like morphology, M13 phages can reach varied target sites and self-assemble into multidimensional scaffolds in a relatively safe and stable way. In addition, genetic modification of the coat proteins enables specific display of peptides and antibodies on the phages, allowing for precise and individualized medicine. M13 phages have also been subjected to novel engineering approaches, including phage-based bionanomaterial engineering and phage-directed nanomaterial combinations that enhance the bionanomaterial properties of M13 phages. In view of these features, researchers have been able to utilize M13 phages for therapeutic applications such as drug delivery, biodetection, tissue regeneration, and targeted cancer therapy. In particular, M13 phages have been utilized as a novel bionanomaterial for precisely mimicking natural tissue environment in order to overcome the shortage in tissue and organ donors. Hence, in this review, we address the recent studies and advances of using M13 phages in the field of nanomedicine as therapeutic agents based upon their characteristics as novel bionanomaterial with biomolecules displayed. This paper also emphasizes the novel engineering approach that enhances M13 phage's bionanomaterial capabilities. Current limitations and future approaches are also discussed to provide insight in further progress for M13 phage-based clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chang
- School of Global Health, Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wennan Guo
- School of Global Health, Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinbo Yu
- Second Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Chaoyi Guo
- School of Global Health, Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- School of Global Health, Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaokui Guo
- School of Global Health, Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ru-Lin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Qingtian Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yongzhang Zhu
- School of Global Health, Chinese Centre for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, One Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-The University of Edinburgh, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Corresponding author.
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Shah S, Famta P, Tiwari V, Kotha AK, Kashikar R, Chougule MB, Chung YH, Steinmetz NF, Uddin M, Singh SB, Srivastava S. Instigation of the epoch of nanovaccines in cancer immunotherapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1870. [PMID: 36410742 PMCID: PMC10182210 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is an unprecedented proliferation of cells leading to abnormalities in differentiation and maturation. Treatment of primary and metastatic cancer is challenging. In addition to surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapies have been conventionally used; however, they suffer from severe toxicity and non-specificity. Immunotherapy, the science of programming the body's own defense system against cancer has gained tremendous attention in the last few decades. However, partial immunogenic stimulation, premature degradation and inability to activate dendritic and helper T cells has resulted in limited clinical success. The era of nanomedicine has brought about several breakthroughs in various pharmaceutical and biomedical fields. Hereby, we review and discuss the interplay of tumor microenvironment (TME) and the immunological cascade and how they can be employed to develop nanoparticle-based cancer vaccines and immunotherapies. Nanoparticles composed of lipids, polymers and inorganic materials contain useful properties suitable for vaccine development. Proteinaceous vaccines derived from mammalian viruses, bacteriophages and plant viruses also have unique advantages due to their immunomodulation capabilities. This review accounts for all such considerations. Additionally, we explore how attributes of nanotechnology can be utilized to develop successful nanomedicine-based vaccines for cancer therapy. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - Paras Famta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, INDIA
| | - Arun K Kotha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rama Kashikar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mahavir Bhupal Chougule
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Young Hun Chung
- Departments of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nicole F. Steinmetz
- Departments of Bioengineering, NanoEngineering, Radiology, Moores Cancer Center, Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mohammad Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, INDIA
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, INDIA
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11
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Wang J, Ghosh D, Maniruzzaman M. Using bugs as drugs: administration of bacteria-related microbes to fight cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114825. [PMID: 37075953 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Driven by the advancement of microbiology and cancer biology, bioengineering of bacteria-related microbes has demonstrated great potential in targeted cancer therapy. Presently, the major administration routes of bacteria-related microbes for cancer treatment include intravenous injection, intratumoral injection, intraperitoneal injection, and oral delivery. Administration routes of bacteria play a key role in anticancer therapeutic efficacy since different delivery approaches might exert an anticancer effect through diverse mechanisms. Herein, we provide an overview of the primary routes of bacteria administration as well as their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, we discuss that microencapsulation can overcome the current challenges of direct administration of free bacteria. We also review the latest advancements in combining functional particles with engineered bacteria to fight against cancer, which can be further coupled with conventional anticancer therapies to improve the therapeutic effect. Eventually, we highlight the application prospect of bioprinting in cancer bacteriotherapy, which enables the long-term sustained delivery and individualized dose regimen, representing a new paradigm for personalized cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wang
- Pharmaceutical Engineering and 3D Printing (PharmE3D) Lab, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Debadyuti Ghosh
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Mohammed Maniruzzaman
- Pharmaceutical Engineering and 3D Printing (PharmE3D) Lab, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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12
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Manco R, D’Apice L, Trovato M, Lione L, Salvatori E, Pinto E, Compagnone M, Aurisicchio L, De Berardinis P, Sartorius R. Co-Delivery of the Human NY-ESO-1 Tumor-Associated Antigen and Alpha-GalactosylCeramide by Filamentous Bacteriophages Strongly Enhances the Expansion of Tumor-Specific CD8+ T Cells. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030672. [PMID: 36992381 PMCID: PMC10059692 DOI: 10.3390/v15030672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) represent attractive targets in the development of anti-cancer vaccines. The filamentous bacteriophage is a safe and versatile delivery nanosystem, and recombinant bacteriophages expressing TAA-derived peptides at a high density on the viral coat proteins improve TAA immunogenicity, triggering effective in vivo anti-tumor responses. To enhance the efficacy of the bacteriophage as an anti-tumor vaccine, we designed and generated phage particles expressing a CD8+ peptide derived from the human cancer germline antigen NY-ESO-1 decorated with the immunologically active lipid alpha-GalactosylCeramide (α-GalCer), a potent activator of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. The immune response to phage expressing the human TAA NY-ESO-1 and delivering α-GalCer, namely fdNY-ESO-1/α-GalCer, was analyzed either in vitro or in vivo, using an HLA-A2 transgenic mouse model (HHK). By using NY-ESO-1-specific TCR-engineered T cells and iNKT hybridoma cells, we observed the efficacy of the fdNY-ESO-1/α-GalCer co-delivery strategy at inducing activation of both the cell subsets. Moreover, in vivo administration of fdNY-ESO-1 decorated with α-GalCer lipid in the absence of adjuvants strongly enhances the expansion of NY-ESO-1-specific CD8+ T cells in HHK mice. In conclusion, the filamentous bacteriophage delivering TAA-derived peptides and the α-GalCer lipid may represent a novel and promising anti-tumor vaccination strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Manco
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luciana D’Apice
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Trovato
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mirco Compagnone
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Neomatrix Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Aurisicchio
- Takis Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Neomatrix Biotech, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rossella Sartorius
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0816132716
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13
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Juusti V, Kulpakko J, Cudjoe E, Pimenoff VN, Hänninen P. Biophysical Properties of Bifunctional Phage-Biosensor. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020299. [PMID: 36851513 PMCID: PMC9968116 DOI: 10.3390/v15020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Biosensor research is a swiftly growing field for developing rapid and precise analytical devices for biomedical, pharmaceutical, and industrial use and beyond. Herein, we propose a phage-based biosensor method to develop a sensitive and specific system for biomedical detection. Our method is based on in vitro selected phages and their interaction with the targeted analytes as well as on optical properties that change according to the concentration of the model analyte. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) was chosen as our model analyte as it has its own well-known optical properties. Brilliant green was used as a reporter component for the sensor. Its presence enables a color intensity (absorbance) change when the analyte is present in the solution. Furthermore, the reporter dye functioned as a quencher for an additional lanthanide label in our assay. It mediated the specific phage-derived interference in the signal measured with the time-resolved luminescence. Most importantly, our results confirmed that the presented bifunctional phage with its liquid crystal properties enabled the measurement of GFP in a concentration-dependent, quantitative manner with a limit of detection of 0.24 µg/mL. In the future, our novel method to develop phage-based biosensors may provide highly sensitive and specific biosensors for biomedical or otherwise-relevant targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilhelmiina Juusti
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Medicity Research Laboratories, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Aqsens Health Ltd., Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4B, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence:
| | - Janne Kulpakko
- Aqsens Health Ltd., Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4B, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Elizabeth Cudjoe
- Immunology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon P.O. Box LG581, Ghana
| | - Ville N. Pimenoff
- Aqsens Health Ltd., Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4B, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Biobank Borealis of Northern Finland, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5B, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pekka Hänninen
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Medicity Research Laboratories, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520 Turku, Finland
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14
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Jamaledin R, Sartorius R, Di Natale C, Onesto V, Manco R, Mollo V, Vecchione R, De Berardinis P, Netti PA. PLGA microparticle formulations for tunable delivery of a nano-engineered filamentous bacteriophage-based vaccine: in vitro and in silico-supported approach. JOURNAL OF NANOSTRUCTURE IN CHEMISTRY 2023:1-16. [PMID: 36687278 PMCID: PMC9838389 DOI: 10.1007/s40097-022-00519-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriophages have attracted great attention in the bioengineering field in diverse research areas from tissue engineering to therapeutic and clinical applications. Recombinant filamentous bacteriophage, carrying multiple copies of foreign peptides on protein capsid has been successfully used in the vaccine delivery setting, even if their plasma instability and degradation have limited their use on the pharmaceutical market. Encapsulation techniques in polymeric materials can be applied to preserve bacteriophage activity, extend its half-life, and finely regulate their release in the target environment. The main goal of this study was to provide tunable formulations of the bacteriophage encapsulated in polymeric microparticles (MPs). We used poly (lactic-co-glycolic-acid) as a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer with ammonium bicarbonate as a porogen to encapsulate bacteriophage expressing OVA (257-264) antigenic peptide. We demonstrate that nano-engineered fdOVA bacteriophages encapsulated in MPs preserve their structure and are immunologically active, inducing a strong immune response towards the delivered peptide. Moreover, MP encapsulation prolongs bacteriophage stability over time also at room temperature. Additionally, in this study, we show the ability of in silico-supported approach to predict and tune the release of bacteriophages. These results lay the framework for a versatile bacteriophage-based vaccine delivery system that could successfully generate robust immune responses in a sustained manner, to be used as a platform against cancer and new emerging diseases. Graphical abstract Synopsis: administration of recombinant bacteriophage-loaded PLGA microparticles for antigen delivery. PLGA microparticles release the bacteriophages, inducing activation of dendritic cells and enhancing antigen presentation and specific T cell response. Bacteriophage-encapsulated microneedles potentially can be administered into human body and generate robust immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Jamaledin
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
- School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, UK
| | - Rossella Sartorius
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre On Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Onesto
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Manco
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Mollo
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Vecchione
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre On Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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15
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Abstract
EMBL-EBI The European Bioinformatics Institute; E. coli Escherichia coli; E. faecalis Enterobacter faecalis; B. fragilis Bacteroides fragilis; B. vulgatus Bacteroides vulgatus; SaPIs Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity islands; ARGs Antibiotic resistance genes; STEC Shiga toxigenic E. coli; Stx Shiga toxin; BLAST Basic Local Alignment Search Tool; TSST-1 Toxic shock toxin 1; RBPs Receptor-binding proteins; LPS lipopolysaccharide; OMVs Outer membrane vesicles; PT Phosphorothioate; BREX Bacteriophage exclusion; OCR Overcome classical restriction; Pgl Phage growth limitation; DISARM Defense island system associated with restrictionmodification; R-M system Restriction-modification system; BREX system Bacteriophage exclusion system; CRISPR Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; Cas CRISPR-associated; PAMs Prospacer adjacent motifs; crRNA CRISPR RNA; SIE; OMPs; Superinfection exclusion; Outer membrane proteins; Abi Abortive infection; TA Toxin-antitoxin; TLR Toll-like receptor; APCs Antigen-presenting cells; DSS Dextran sulfate sodium; IELs Intraepithelial lymphocytes; FMT Fecal microbiota transfer; IFN-γ Interferon-gamma; IBD Inflammatory bowel disease; AgNPs Silver nanoparticles; MDSC Myeloid-derived suppressor cell; CRC Colorectal cancer; VLPs Virus-like particles; TMP Tape measure protein; PSMB4 Proteasome subunit beta type-4; ALD Alcohol-related liver disease; GVHD Graft-versus-host disease; ROS Reactive oxygen species; RA Rheumatoid arthritis; CCP Cyclic citrullinated protein; AMGs Accessory metabolic genes; T1DM Type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM Type 2 diabetes mellitus; SCFAs Short-chain fatty acids; GLP-1 Glucagon-like peptide-1; A. baumannii Acinetobacter baumannii; CpG Deoxycytidylinate-phosphodeoxyguanosine; PEG Polyethylene glycol; MetS Metabolic syndrome; OprM Outer membrane porin M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Shuwen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Department of Medical Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, China
| | - Ding Kefeng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Cancer Center Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,CONTACT Ding Kefeng Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Building 6 room 2018, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310009, China
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16
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Wang HY, Chang YC, Hu CW, Kao CY, Yu YA, Lim SK, Mou KY. Development of a Novel Cytokine Vehicle Using Filamentous Phage Display for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:2087-2095. [PMID: 34342970 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Due to its highly immunogenic nature and the great engineerability, filamentous phage has shown promising antitumor activities in preclinical studies. Previous designs of antitumor phage mainly focused on tumor targeting using a cancer-specific moiety displayed on the minor capsid protein, pIII. In this work, we developed a new therapeutic platform of filamentous phage, in which the major capsid protein pVIII was utilized for displaying an antitumor cytokine. We showcased that a 16.1-kD cytokine GM-CSF could be efficiently presented on the M13 phage particle using the 8 + 8 type display system through a highly tolerable pVIII variant P8(1a). We verified that the GM-CSF phage was a potent activator for STAT5 signaling in murine macrophage. The GM-CSF phage significantly reduced the tumor size by more than 50% as compared to the unmodified phage in a murine colorectal cancer model. Immunological profiling of the tumor-infiltrating leukocytes revealed that an increase of CD4+ lymphocytes in the GM-CSF phage treatment group. Furthermore, the combined therapy of the GM-CSF phage and radiation greatly improved the therapeutic potency with a 100% survival rate and a 25% complete remission rate. We observed that the IFN-γ expression was dramatically up-regulated by the combined therapy in multiple types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Overall, we created a novel vehicle for cytokine therapy using the pVIII filamentous phage display. This new platform can be multiplexed with other phage engineering approaches, such as displaying targeting ligands on pIII or encapsulating therapeutic genes inside phage capsids, to create multifunctional nanoparticles for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Ying Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - You-Chiun Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Hu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yi Kao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yao-An Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program of Translational Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - See-Khai Lim
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kurt Yun Mou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
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17
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Podlacha M, Grabowski Ł, Kosznik-Kawśnicka K, Zdrojewska K, Stasiłojć M, Węgrzyn G, Węgrzyn A. Interactions of Bacteriophages with Animal and Human Organisms-Safety Issues in the Light of Phage Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8937. [PMID: 34445641 PMCID: PMC8396182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages are viruses infecting bacterial cells. Since there is a lack of specific receptors for bacteriophages on eukaryotic cells, these viruses were for a long time considered to be neutral to animals and humans. However, studies of recent years provided clear evidence that bacteriophages can interact with eukaryotic cells, significantly influencing the functions of tissues, organs, and systems of mammals, including humans. In this review article, we summarize and discuss recent discoveries in the field of interactions of phages with animal and human organisms. Possibilities of penetration of bacteriophages into eukaryotic cells, tissues, and organs are discussed, and evidence of the effects of phages on functions of the immune system, respiratory system, central nervous system, gastrointestinal system, urinary tract, and reproductive system are presented and discussed. Modulations of cancer cells by bacteriophages are indicated. Direct and indirect effects of virulent and temperate phages are discussed. We conclude that interactions of bacteriophages with animal and human organisms are robust, and they must be taken under consideration when using these viruses in medicine, especially in phage therapy, and in biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Podlacha
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (M.P.); (K.Z.); (M.S.); (G.W.)
| | - Łukasz Grabowski
- Laboratory of Phage Therapy, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (Ł.G.); (K.K.-K.)
| | - Katarzyna Kosznik-Kawśnicka
- Laboratory of Phage Therapy, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (Ł.G.); (K.K.-K.)
| | - Karolina Zdrojewska
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (M.P.); (K.Z.); (M.S.); (G.W.)
| | - Małgorzata Stasiłojć
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (M.P.); (K.Z.); (M.S.); (G.W.)
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (M.P.); (K.Z.); (M.S.); (G.W.)
| | - Alicja Węgrzyn
- Laboratory of Phage Therapy, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland; (Ł.G.); (K.K.-K.)
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18
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Abbaszadeh F, Leylabadlo HE, Alinezhad F, Feizi H, Mobed A, Baghbanijavid S, Baghi HB. Bacteriophages: cancer diagnosis, treatment, and future prospects. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-020-00503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19
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Shukla S, Hu H, Cai H, Chan SK, Boone CE, Beiss V, Chariou PL, Steinmetz NF. Plant Viruses and Bacteriophage-Based Reagents for Diagnosis and Therapy. Annu Rev Virol 2020; 7:559-587. [PMID: 32991265 PMCID: PMC8018517 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-010720-052252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Viral nanotechnology exploits the prefabricated nanostructures of viruses, which are already abundant in nature. With well-defined molecular architectures, viral nanocarriers offer unprecedented opportunities for precise structural and functional manipulation using genetic engineering and/or bio-orthogonal chemistries. In this manner, they can be loaded with diverse molecular payloads for targeted delivery. Mammalian viruses are already established in the clinic for gene therapy and immunotherapy, and inactivated viruses or virus-like particles have long been used as vaccines. More recently, plant viruses and bacteriophages have been developed as nanocarriers for diagnostic imaging, vaccine and drug delivery, and combined diagnosis/therapy (theranostics). The first wave of these novel virus-based tools has completed clinical development and is poised to make an impact on clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourabh Shukla
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - He Hu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Hui Cai
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Soo-Khim Chan
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Christine E Boone
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Veronique Beiss
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Paul L Chariou
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center and Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA;
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20
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Passaretti P, Sun Y, Dafforn TR, Oppenheimer PG. Determination and characterisation of the surface charge properties of the bacteriophage M13 to assist bio-nanoengineering. RSC Adv 2020; 10:25385-25392. [PMID: 35517472 PMCID: PMC9055230 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04086j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To truly understand the mechanisms behind the supramolecular self-assembly of nanocomponents, the characterisation of their surface properties is crucial. M13 emerged as a practical nanocomponent for bio-nanoassemblies of functional materials and devices, and its popularity is increasing as time goes by. The investigation performed in this study provides important information about the surface charge and the surface area of M13 determined through the comparison of structural data and the measurement of ζ-potential at pH ranging between 2 and 11. The developed methodologies along with the experimental findings can be subsequently exploited as a novel and convenient prediction tool of the total charge of modified versions of M13. This, in turn, will facilitate the design of the self-assembly strategies which would combine the virus building block with other micro and nano components via intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Passaretti
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Yiwei Sun
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK
| | - Timothy R Dafforn
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK
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21
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Research Progress of M13 Bacteriophage-Based Biosensors. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9101448. [PMID: 31614669 PMCID: PMC6835900 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recently, new virus-based sensor systems that operate on M13 bacteriophage infrastructure have attracted considerable attention. These systems can detect a range of chemicals with excellent sensitivity and selectivity. Filaments consistent with M13 bacteriophages can be ordered by highly established forms of self-assembly. This allows M13 bacteriophages to build a homogeneous distribution and infiltrate the network structure of nanostructures under mild conditions. Phage display, involving the genetic engineering of M13 bacteriophages, is another strong feature of the M13 bacteriophage as a functional building block. The numerous genetic modification possibilities of M13 bacteriophages are clearly the key features, and far more applications are envisaged. This paper reviews the recent progress in the application of the M13 bacteriophage self-assembly structures through to sensor systems and discusses future M13 bacteriophage technology.
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22
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Sartorius R, D'Apice L, Prisco A, De Berardinis P. Arming Filamentous Bacteriophage, a Nature-Made Nanoparticle, for New Vaccine and Immunotherapeutic Strategies. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E437. [PMID: 31480551 PMCID: PMC6781307 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11090437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmaceutical use of bacteriophages as safe and inexpensive therapeutic tools is collecting renewed interest. The use of lytic phages to fight antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains is pursued in academic and industrial projects and is the object of several clinical trials. On the other hand, filamentous bacteriophages used for the phage display technology can also have diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Filamentous bacteriophages are nature-made nanoparticles useful for their size, the capability to enter blood vessels, and the capacity of high-density antigen expression. In the last decades, our laboratory focused its efforts in the study of antigen delivery strategies based on the filamentous bacteriophage 'fd', able to trigger all arms of the immune response, with particular emphasis on the ability of the MHC class I restricted antigenic determinants displayed on phages to induce strong and protective cytotoxic responses. We showed that fd bacteriophages, engineered to target mouse dendritic cells (DCs), activate innate and adaptive responses without the need of exogenous adjuvants, and more recently, we described the display of immunologically active lipids. In this review, we will provide an overview of the reported applications of the bacteriophage carriers and describe the advantages of exploiting this technology for delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Sartorius
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), 80131 CNR Naples, Italy
| | - Luciana D'Apice
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), 80131 CNR Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonella Prisco
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati-Traverso" (IGB), 80131 CNR Naples, Italy
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Stern Z, Stylianou DC, Kostrikis LG. The development of inovirus-associated vector vaccines using phage-display technologies. Expert Rev Vaccines 2019; 18:913-920. [PMID: 31373843 PMCID: PMC7103683 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1651649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Inovirus-associated vectors (IAVs) are derived from bacterial filamentous viruses (phages). As vaccine carriers, they have elicited both cellular and humoral responses against a variety of pathogens causing infectious diseases and other non-infectious diseases. By displaying specific antigen epitopes or proteins on their coat proteins, IAVs have merited much study, as their unique abilities are exploited for widespread vaccine development. Areas covered: The architectural traits of filamentous viruses and their derivatives, IAVs, facilitate the display of specific antigenic peptides which induce antibody production to prevent or curtail infection. Inoviruses provide a foundation for cost-efficient large-scale specific phage display. In this paper, the development of different applications of inovirus-based phage display vaccines across a broad range of pathogens and hosts is reviewed. The references cited in this review were selected from established databases based on the authors' knowledge of the study subject. Expert commentary: The importance of phage-display technology has been recently highlighted by the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018 awarded to George P. Smith and Sir Gregory P. Winter. Furthermore, the symbiotic nature of filamentous viruses infecting intestinal F+E. coli strains offers an attractive platform for the development of novel vaccines that stimulate mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachariah Stern
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Dora C. Stylianou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Xu M, Wen Y, Liu Y, Tan X, Chen X, Zhu X, Wei C, Chen L, Wang Z, Liu J. Hollow mesoporous ruthenium nanoparticles conjugated bispecific antibody for targeted anti-colorectal cancer response of combination therapy. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:9661-9678. [PMID: 31065660 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01904a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Combined treatment based on tumor-targeted nanoparticles has become one of the most promising anticancer strategies. Moreover, bispecific antibodies have been designed as linkers to promote the interaction between natural killer (NK) cells and tumor cells, while triggering NK cell-mediated target cell lysis. Here, we adopted a novel design that uses PEGylated hollow mesoporous ruthenium nanoparticles as a carrier to load the fluorescent anti-tumor complex ([Ru(bpy)2(tip)]2+, RBT) and a conjugate with bispecific antibodies (SS-Fc). By accurately targeting carcinoembryonic antigen overexpressed in colorectal cancer cells, HMRu@RBT-SS-Fc significantly improved selective penetration in vitro. The functionalized nanocomplex effectively engaged NK cells and possessed excellent near infrared-sensitive cytotoxicity. Systematic in vivo studies clearly demonstrated the high tumor targeting and anticancer activity in heterotopic colorectal tumor model via combined photothermal and immune therapy. This nanosystem establishes a new platform for future image-guided drug delivery and highly efficient cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Immunotherapeutic Potential of Mollusk Hemocyanins in Combination with Human Vaccine Adjuvants in Murine Models of Oral Cancer. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:7076942. [PMID: 30847353 PMCID: PMC6362480 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7076942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mollusk hemocyanins have been used for decades in immunological and clinical applications as natural, nontoxic, nonpathogenic, and nonspecific immunostimulants for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer, as carriers/adjuvants of tumor-associated antigens in cancer vaccine development and as adjuvants to dendritic cell-based immunotherapy, because these glycoproteins induce a bias towards Th1 immunity. Here, we analyzed the preclinical therapeutic potential of the traditional keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and two new hemocyanins from Concholepas concholepas (CCH) and Fissurella latimarginata (FLH) in mouse models of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Due to the aggressiveness and deadly malignant potential of this cancer, the hemocyanins were applied in combination with adjuvants, such as alum, AddaVax, and QS-21, which have been shown to be safe and effective in human vaccines, to potentiate their antitumor activity. The immunogenic performance of the hemocyanins in combination with the adjuvants was compared, and the best formulation was evaluated for its antitumor effects in two murine models of oral cancer: MOC7 cells implanted in the flank (heterotopic) and bioluminescent AT-84 E7 Luc cells implanted in the floor of the mouth (orthotopic). The results demonstrated that the hemocyanins in combination with QS-21 showed the greatest immunogenicity, as reflected by a robust, specific humoral response predominantly characterized by IgG2a antibodies and a sustained cellular response manifesting as a delayed hypersensitivity reaction. The KLH- and FLH-QS-21 formulations showed reduced tumor development and greater overall survival. Hemocyanins, as opposed to QS-21, had no cytotoxic effect on either oral cancer cell line cultured in vitro, supporting the idea that the antitumor effects of hemocyanins are associated with their modulation of the immune response. Therefore, hemocyanin utilization would allow a lower QS-21 dosage to achieve therapeutic results. Overall, our study opens a new door to further investigation of the use of hemocyanins plus adjuvants for the development of immunotherapies against oral carcinoma.
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