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Zheng X, Zhou L, Shi H, An J, Xu W, Ding X, Hua Y, Shi W, Li X. Immune-inflammatory markers and clinical characteristics as predictors of the depth of response and prognosis of patients with PD-L1 ≥50% metastatic non-small cell lung cancer receiving first-line immunotherapy. Thorac Cancer 2024. [PMID: 39189250 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) ≥50% metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with first-line immunotherapy showed heterogeneous tumor responses. In this study, we investigated the clinical and immune-inflammatory markers distinguishing patients with metastatic NSCLC achieving high depth of tumor response (HDPR) from those with non-high depth of response (NHDPR). The impact of clinical features on the prognosis of patients with PD-L1 ≥50% were further clarified. METHODS The clinical characteristics and immune-inflammatory markers of 17 patients with PD-L1 ≥50% metastatic NSCLC at Beijing Tiantan Hospital between July 2020 and December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Among the 17 patients, seven (41.2%) patients achieved HDPR (range: -50%, -72%) and 10 (58.8%) patients achieved NHDPR (range: -13%, -45%). Below normal CD4 + T lymphocytes/CD8 + T lymphocytes (CD4/CD8) ratio (p = 0.01) and oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor gene mutations (TP53/KRAS/EGFR) (p = 0.001) were found enriched for NHDPR compared with HDPR. With a median follow-up of 26.0 months (range: 17.2-34.8 months), the median progression-free survival (PFS) following first-line immunotherapy and overall survival (OS) were 9.0 months (95% CI: 5.0-13.0) and not reached (NR), respectively. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was identified as an independent prognostic factor on first-line PFS. Patients with an NLR ≥4 exhibited a shorter median PFS (7.0 months vs. NR; p = 0.033; 95% CI: 1.2-80.2) than those with an NLR <4 following first-line immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with PD-L1 ≥50% metastatic NSCLC who received first-line immunotherapy, a lower CD4/CD8 ratio and the presence of genes mutations showed a diminished tumor response and a higher NLR ratio exhibited a worse median PFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan An
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiran Xu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosheng Ding
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yichun Hua
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Shi
- Department of Oncology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Pan X, Xie X, Chen X, Chen H. High-Resolution CT Patterns of Anti-PD1 Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis in Patients With Lung Cancer. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2024:00004728-990000000-00347. [PMID: 39143662 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000001643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer has the highest morbidity and mortality in the world, and immunotherapies have been developed for this disease in recent years. However, activation of the immune system can cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs), and checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP), can be the most severe and fatal. But few reports have systematically examined the spectrum of imaging findings of this condition. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to investigate the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) characteristics of CIP in patients with lung cancer. OBJECTIVE To investigate the HRCT characteristics of CIP in patients with lung cancer. METHODS HRCT patterns in 41 lung cancer patients who developed CIP after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors were retrospectively characterized by interstitial lung disease classification, and their severity was graded. Specific HRCT characteristics related to CIP were identified. RESULTS There are 4 types of immunotherapy-induce pneumonitis patterns (organizing pneumonia OP 19 cases, nonspecific interstitial pneumonia NSIP 8 cases, acute interstitial pneumonia AIP 7 cases, 7 cases of undetermined type) and image grade (13 cases of grade 1, 17 cases of grade 2, 11 cases of grade 3, 0 cases of grade 4) were identified. Spatial distribution characteristics of these lesions were noted (17 cases predominantly distributed in tumor-containing lobes, 6 cases predominantly distributed in non-tumor-containing lobes, and no specific predilection in 18 cases). Specific CT imaging features found in CIP included, in the order of prevalence, the following: ground glass opacities (38 cases), subpleural/vertical line (37 cases), interstitial thickening around the bronchovascular bundles (36 cases), reticulation (34 cases), fine reticular shadow (31 cases), consolidation (31 cases), small cystic shadow (24 cases, may not having honeycombing), small nodules (17 cases), bronchiectasis (15 cases), honeycombing (11 cases), mosaic sign (11 cases), and pleural effusion (18 cases). CONCLUSION HRCT of CIP predominantly manifests as ground glass opacities, reticulation, subpleural/vertical line, interstitial thickening around the bronchovascular bundle, and consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Pan
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohong Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huai Chen
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Qin H, Yan H, Chen Y, Xu Q, Huang Z, Jiang W, Wang Z, Deng L, Zhang X, Zhang L, Yang N, Zeng L, Zhang Y. Clinical outcomes for immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with uncommon driver gene alterations. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:952. [PMID: 39097705 PMCID: PMC11297614 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data exists on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combinations in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with uncommon driver alterations in genes such as ERBB2, BRAF, RET, and MET. This study retrospectively assessed ICI-combination therapy outcomes in this molecular subset of NSCLC. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed patients with advanced NSCLC confirmed with driver alterations in genes including ERBB2, BRAF, RET or MET, and received ICI combined with chemotherapy (ICI + chemo) and/or targeted therapy (ICI + chemo/TT) as first-line (1L) or second- or third-line (≥ 2L) treatment at Hunan Cancer Hospital between January 2018 and May 2024. RESULTS Of the 181 patients included in the study, 131 patients received 1L-ICI + chemo (ERBB2, n = 64; BRAF, n = 34; RET, n = 23; and MET, n = 10), and 50 patients received ≥ 2L-ICI + chemo/TT (ERBB2, n = 16; BRAF, n = 7; RET, n = 14; MET, n = 13). The full cohort had an overall response rate (ORR) of 45.9% and disease control rate of 84.0%. Among patients who received 1L-ICI + chemo, ORR ranged between 51.6% and 60.0%, with the median progression-free survival (mPFS) and overall survival (mOS) of 8.2 and 21.0 months for those with ERBB2-altered tumors, 10.0 and 15.0 months for BRAF-altered tumors, 12.1 months and OS not reached for RET-altered tumors, and 6.2 and 28.0 months for MET-altered tumors, respectively. Additionally, ORR ranged between 14.3% and 30.8% for ≥ 2L-ICI + chemo/TT; mPFS and mOS were 5.4 and 16.2 months for patients with ERBB2-altered tumors, 2.7 and 5.0 months for BRAF-altered tumors, 6.2 and 14.3 months for RET-altered tumors, and 5.7 and 11.5 months for MET-altered tumors, respectively. CONCLUSION ICI-based combination therapies, regardless of treatment line, were effective in treating patients with advanced NSCLC harboring driver alterations in ERBB2, BRAF, RET, or MET. This suggests their potential as alternative treatment options in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Qin
- Hengyang Medical School, Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Huan Yan
- Hengyang Medical School, Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Yangqian Chen
- Hengyang Medical School, Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Qinqin Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810000, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Wenjuan Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Hengyang Medical School, Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Nong Yang
- Hengyang Medical School, Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Liang Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Yongchang Zhang
- Hengyang Medical School, Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
- Early Clinical Trial Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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Chen C, Li Y, Liu H, Liao M, Yang J, Liu J. FAT1 upregulation is correlated with an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and predicts unfavorable outcome of immune checkpoint therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28356. [PMID: 38560204 PMCID: PMC10979093 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies found that FAT1 was recurrently mutated and aberrantly expressed in multiple cancers, and the loss function of FAT1 promoted the formation of cancer-initiating cells in several cancers. However, in some types of cancer, FAT1 upregulation could lead to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The role of FAT1 in cancer progression, which appears to be cancer-type-specific, is largely unknown. Methods QRT-PCR and immunochemistry were used to verify the expression of FAT1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). QRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the influence of siFAT1 knockdown on the expression of potential targets of FAT1 in NSCLC cell lines. GEPIA, KM-plotter, CAMOIP, and ROC-Plotter were used to evaluate the association between FAT1 and clinical outcomes based on expression and clinical data from TCGA and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) treated cohorts. Results We found that FAT1 upregulation was associated with the activation of TGF-β and EMT signaling pathways in NSCLC. Patients with a high FAT1 expression level tend to have a poor prognosis and hard to benefit from ICI therapy. Genes involved in TGF-β/EMT signaling pathways (SERPINE1, TGFB1/2, and POSTN) were downregulated upon knockdown of FAT1. Genomic and immunologic analysis showed that high cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) abundance, decreased CD8+ T cells infiltration, and low TMB/TNB were correlated with the upregulation of FAT1, thus promoting an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) which influence the effect of ICI-therapy. Conclusion Our findings revealed the pattern of FAT1 upregulation in the TME of patients with NSCLC, and demonstrated its utility as a biomarker for unfavorable clinical outcomes, thereby providing a potential therapeutic target for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Central Laboratory, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Haozhen Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Mengying Liao
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Jianyi Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Jixian Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
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Hu Z, Sui Q, Jin X, Shan G, Huang Y, Yi Y, Zeng D, Zhao M, Zhan C, Wang Q, Lin Z, Lu T, Chen Z. IL6-STAT3-C/EBPβ-IL6 positive feedback loop in tumor-associated macrophages promotes the EMT and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:63. [PMID: 38424624 PMCID: PMC10903044 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the most common tumors in the world, and metastasis is one of the major causes of tumor-related death in lung cancer patients. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a major component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and are frequently associated with tumor metastasis in human cancers. However, the regulatory mechanisms of TAMs in lung cancer metastasis remain unclear. METHODS Single-cell sequencing analysis of lung cancer and normal tissues from public databases and from 14 patients who underwent surgery at Zhongshan Hospital was performed. In vitro co-culture experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of TAMs on lung cancer migration and invasion. Changes in the expression of IL-6, STAT3, C/EBPΒ, and EMT pathway were verified using RT-qPCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Dual luciferase reporter assays and ChIP were used to reveal potential regulatory sites on the transcription factor sets. In addition, the effects of TAMs on lung cancer progression and metastasis were confirmed by in vivo models. RESULTS TAM infiltration is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. IL-6 secreted by TAMs can activate the JAK2/STAT3 pathway through autocrine secretion, and STAT3 acts as a transcription factor to activate the expression of C/EBPβ, which further promotes the transcription and expression of IL-6, forming positive feedback loops for IL6-STAT3-C/EBPβ-IL6 in TAMs. IL-6 secreted by TAMs promotes lung cancer progression and metastasis in vivo and in vitro by activating the EMT pathway, which can be attenuated by the use of JAK2/STAT3 pathway inhibitors or IL-6 monoclonal antibodies. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that TAMs promote IL-6 expression by forming an IL6-STAT3-C/EBPβ-IL6 positive feedback loop. Released IL-6 can induce the EMT pathway in lung cancer to enhance migration, invasion, and metastasis. The use of IL-6-neutralizing antibody can partially counteract the promotion of LUAD by TAMs. A novel mechanism of macrophage-promoted tumor progression was revealed, and the IL6-STAT3-C/EBPβ-IL6 signaling cascade may be a potential therapeutic target against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qihai Sui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xing Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guangyao Shan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiwei Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanjun Yi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dejun Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mengnan Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zongwu Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital / Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No. 3 Gongren Xin Jie, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, 030013, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Zhencong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Chen C, Liu H, Li Y, Xu Q, Liu J. Downregulation of PTPRT elevates the expression of survivin and promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:63. [PMID: 38216925 PMCID: PMC10785488 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11840-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase T (PTPRT) is a transmembrane protein that is involved in cell adhesion. We previously found that PTPRT was downregulated in multiple cancer types and the mutation of PTPRT was associated with cancer early metastasis. However, the impacts of PTPRT downregulation on tumour proliferation, invasion, and clinical interventions such as immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies remained largely unknown. METHODS Gene expression data of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas database were downloaded and used to detect the differential expressed genes between PTPRT-high and PTPRT-low subgroups. Knockdown and overexpress of PTPRT in lung cancer cell lines were performed to explore the function of PTPRT in vitro. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to evaluate the expression of cell cycle-related genes. CCK-8 assays, wound-healing migration assay, transwell assay, and colony formation assay were performed to determine the functional impacts of PTPRT on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. KM-plotter was used to explore the significance of selected genes on patient prognosis. RESULTS PTPRT was found to be downregulated in tumours and lung cancer cell lines compared to normal samples. Cell cycle-related genes (BIRC5, OIP5, and CDCA3, etc.) were specifically upregulated in PTPRT-low lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Modulation of PTPRT expression in LUAD cell lines affected the expression of BIRC5 (survivin) significantly, as well as the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumour cells. In addition, low PTPRT expression level was correlated with worse prognosis of lung cancer and several other cancer types. Furthermore, PTPRT downregulation was associated with elevated tumour mutation burden and tumour neoantigen burden in lung cancer, indicating the potential influence on tumour immunogenicity. CONCLUSION Our findings uncovered the essential roles of PTPRT in the regulation of proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD, and highlighted the clinical significance of PTPRT downregulation in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
| | - Haozhen Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Qumiao Xu
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Jixian Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
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Zhu J, Yu Y, Mei J, Chen S, Li J, Jiang S. Efficacy and safety of camrelizumab combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel as third- or later-line regimen in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1278573. [PMID: 38124737 PMCID: PMC10731289 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1278573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The clinical efficacy and safety of camrelizumab as a third- or later-line regimen in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have not been determined in large clinical trials. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of camrelizumab in combination with albumin-bound paclitaxel as a third- or later-line treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC. Methods A total of 257 patients with advanced NSCLC who were histopathologically confirmed and failed in clinical second-line therapy regimens at Jiangxi Province Cancer hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively selected. Patients with advanced NSCLC were divided into the single treatment group (STG) of camrelizumab, and the combined treatment group (CTG) of camrelizumab in combination with albumin-bound paclitaxel according to the treatment regimen. The primary outcomes of interest were clinical efficacy[objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR)], progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Survival data were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was performed. Additionally, Cox proportional hazard regression was used to analyze the correlation of prognosis and baseline characteristics between subgroups, to identify the potential independent risk factors for PFS and OS. Furthermore, the occurrence of side effects was assessed according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE 4.03). Results Of the 257 patients with advanced NSCLC included in the research, 135 patients received camrelizumab, and 122 patients received camrelizumab plus albumin-bound paclitaxel. The ORR of CTG and STG was 59.84% and 50.38%, and the DCR was 77.05% and 65.93%, respectively. The median PFS in CTG was higher than that in the STG (5.27 vs. 3.57 months, P = 0.0074), and the median OS was longer (7.09 vs. 6.47 months, P < 0.01). The lines of treatment, metastases, and PD-L1 expression levels were independent risk factors for the mPFS and mOS of patients with advanced NSCLC. The occurrence of adverse events was similar between camrelizumab and camrelizumab plus albumin-bound paclitaxel groups. Conclusion Camrelizumab combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel as the third- or later-line regimen greatly prolonged PFS and OS of advanced NSCLC patients. A prospective clinical trial is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangxi Province Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Department of Operation Room, Jiangxi Province Cancer hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiaqi Mei
- College of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, The First Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shiyao Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Institute of Applied Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiufei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Sicong Jiang
- Division of Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Niu ZX, Wang YT, Lu N, Sun JF, Nie P, Herdewijn P. Advances of clinically approved small-molecule drugs for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115868. [PMID: 37844346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer continues to pose a significant challenge as a prominent contributor to global cancer-related mortality. Despite the considerable strides made in therapeutic interventions within the past decade, a substantial population of patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) still face the grim reality of an incurable condition. In the realm of optimal management strategies for individuals afflicted with locally advanced, yet amenable to surgical resection, NSCLC, a therapeutic approach encompassing chemoradiation stands as a fundamental component. Significant strides have been made in the therapeutic landscape of NSCLC during the preceding two decades, facilitating an enhanced comprehension of the underlying disease biology, and mechanisms governing tumor progression, as well as advancements in early detection modalities and multimodal therapeutic interventions. Nevertheless, the overall rates of curative interventions and survival outcomes for NSCLC continue to exhibit a discouragingly low trajectory, particularly in the context of metastatic disease. Hence, the imperative for sustained research endeavors in the realm of novel pharmaceutical agents and combinatorial therapeutic approaches remains paramount, with the overarching objective of broadening the scope of clinical advantages conferred upon a wider demographic of patients, thereby fostering tangible improvements in outcomes pertaining to NSCLC. The primary objective of this review is to provide an all-encompassing examination encompassing the clinical application and synthetic routes of specific drugs, with the explicit aim of disseminating invaluable knowledge that can inform future research and development endeavors focused on NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Xi Niu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Ya-Tao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China; First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan Province, Shangqiu, 476100, China
| | - Nan Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jin-Feng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, College of Pharmacy, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
| | - Peng Nie
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49-Box 1041, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Piet Herdewijn
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49-Box 1041, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Xiao F, Zhang H, Ding H, An C, Gu C. Change in expressional level and clinicopathological significance of miR-193b-3p in non-small cell lung cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35918. [PMID: 37960820 PMCID: PMC10637511 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate and analyze changes in the expression level and clinicopathological significance of miR-193b-3p in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the present study, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Targetscan, starBase, and Metastases databases were retrieved for bioinformatics analysis. qRT-PCR was conducted to determine the expression level of miR-193b-3p in the serum or tissues of NSCLC patients. The correlation between the expression level of serum miR-193b-3p and the clinical characteristics of NSCLC patients was analyzed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were analyzed to assess the diagnostic significance of serum expression of miR-193b-3p in NSCLC. The GEO2R tool was used to analyze the GSE102286 dataset in the GEO database, indicating that miR-193b-3p is one of the overexpressed miRNAs in NSCLC. Databases, such as TargetScan and starBase, were used to predict miR-193b-3p target genes. Finally, 153 target genes were retrieved, and gene ontology (GO) and KEGG analyses were conducted based on the Metascape database, which indicated that all 153 target genes participated in multiple biological processes and signaling pathways closely correlated with the genesis and progression of NSCLC. miR-193b-3p is highly expressed in the serum and cancer tissues of patients with NSCLC. The high miR-193b-3p expression group had a lower degree of cancer differentiation, a higher proportion of late TNM stage, and a greater incidence of lymph node metastasis. ROC curve analysis reported that the area under the curve was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85-0.92). High miR-193b-3p expression levels were detected in NSCLC patients and were closely correlated with the degree of malignancy in NSCLC. miR-193b-3p expression levels have a diagnostic effect on NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University (Nantong Third People’s Hospital), Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University (Nantong Third People’s Hospital), Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiping Ding
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University (Nantong Third People’s Hospital), Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaolun An
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University (Nantong Third People’s Hospital), Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunyan Gu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University (Nantong Third People’s Hospital), Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Hu Z, Jin X, Hong W, Sui Q, Zhao M, Huang Y, Li M, Wang Q, Zhan C, Chen Z. Dissecting the single-cell transcriptome network of macrophage and identifies a signature to predict prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:1351-1368. [PMID: 37079186 PMCID: PMC10116118 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00816-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The tumor immune microenvironment (TME) plays a vital role in tumorigenesis, progression, and treatment. Macrophages, as an important component of the tumor microenvironment, play an essential role in antitumor immunity and TME remodeling. In this study, we aimed to explore the different functions of different origins macrophages in TME and their value as potential predictive markers of prognosis and treatment. METHODS We performed single-cell analysis using 21 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), 12 normal, and four peripheral blood samples from our data and public databases. A prognostic prediction model was then constructed using 502 TCGA patients and explored the potential factors affecting prognosis. The model was validated using data from 4 different GEO datasets with 544 patients after integration. RESULTS According to the source of macrophages, we classified macrophages into alveolar macrophages (AMs) and interstitial macrophages (IMs). AMs mainly infiltrated in normal lung tissue and expressed proliferative, antigen-presenting, scavenger receptors genes, while IMs occupied the majority in TME and expressed anti-inflammatory, lipid metabolism-related genes. Trajectory analysis revealed that AMs rely on self-renew, whereas IMs originated from monocytes in the blood. Cell-to-cell communication showed that AMs interacted mainly with T cells through the MHC I/II signaling pathway, while IMs mostly interacted with tumor-associated fibrocytes and tumor cells. We then constructed a risk model based on macrophage infiltration and showed an excellent predictive power. We further revealed the possible reasons for its potential prognosis prediction by differential genes, immune cell infiltration, and mutational differences. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we investigated the composition, expression differences, and phenotypic changes of macrophages from different origins in lung adenocarcinoma. In addition, we developed a prognostic prediction model based on different macrophage subtype infiltration, which can be used as a valid prognostic biomarker. New insights were provided into the role of macrophages in the prognosis and potential treatment of LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xing Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weifeng Hong
- Department of Radiotherapy, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qihai Sui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Mengnan Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiwei Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhencong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Ardin C, Humez S, Leroy V, Ampere A, Bordier S, Escande F, Turlotte A, Stoven L, Nunes D, Cortot A, Gauvain C. Pursuit or discontinuation of anti-PD1 after 2 years of treatment in long-term responder patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2023; 15:17588359231195600. [PMID: 37720494 PMCID: PMC10501064 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231195600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The optimal duration of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains to be determined. Treatment durations in cornerstone phase 3 clinical trials vary between a fixed 2-year duration and pursuit until disease progression. Clinical practices may thus differ according to the attending physician. Objectives Here we provide real-world data about treatment decisions at 2 years, with subsequent clinical outcomes. Design and Methods This multicentric observational study included patients with advanced NSCLC whose disease was controlled after 2 years of pembrolizumab or nivolumab. The primary outcome was the decision to discontinue ICI treatment or not, along with factors motivating this decision. Secondary outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS) (according to treatment continuation or not) and adverse events. Results A total of 91 patients were included, of which 60 (66%) had been pre-treated. The programmed death-ligand 1 expression level was ⩾50% in 43 patients (47%). In 61 patients (67%), ICI was continued after 2 years of treatment. This decision was significantly associated with the care center (p < 0.001) but neither with the tumor response at 2 years, as evaluated by CT scan or PET scan, nor with clinical status, immune-related adverse events, or previous locally treated oligo-progressive disease under ICI. Two years after the 2-year decision, PFS was 68.5%, [95% confidence interval (CI) (53.3-88.0)] in the 'ICI discontinuation' group and 64.1% [95% CI (51.9-79.2)] in the 'ICI pursuit' group; hazard ratio for relapse was 1.14 [95% CI (0.54-2.30), p = 0.77]. The overall survival rate at 24 months after discontinuation was 89.2% [95% CI (78.4-100)] for the 'discontinuation' group and 93.1% [95% CI (85.8-100)] for the 'pursuit' group. Given insufficient power, overall survival could not be compared. Conclusion The decision to continue ICI or not after 2 years of treatment depends mainly on the care center and does not seem to impact survival. Larger, randomized data sets are required to confirm this result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Ardin
- Service de Pneumologie-Oncologie Thoracique, Institut Cœur Poumon, Lille University Hospital, Boulevard du Professeur Jules Leclercq, Lille 59037, France
| | - Sarah Humez
- Service d’anatomo-pathologie, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Leroy
- Service de Pneumologie, Clinique Tessier, Valenciennes, France
| | - Alexandre Ampere
- Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier de Béthune, Beuvry, France
| | - Soraya Bordier
- Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier de Dunkerque, Dunkerque, France
| | - Fabienne Escande
- Service de Biochimie -Biologie Moléculaire, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Amélie Turlotte
- Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier d’Arras, Arras, France
| | - Luc Stoven
- Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier de Boulogne, Boulogne-sur-mer, France
| | - David Nunes
- Service de Pneumologie-Oncologie Thoracique, Institut Cœur Poumon, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- Service de Pneumologie, Centre hospitalier Victor Provo, Roubaix, France
| | - Alexis Cortot
- Service de Pneumologie-Oncologie Thoracique, Institut Cœur Poumon, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- University of Lille, CHU Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020 – UMR-S 1277 - Canther, Lille, France
| | - Clément Gauvain
- Service de Pneumologie-Oncologie Thoracique, Institut Cœur Poumon, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
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Liao P, Huang Q, Zhang J, Su Y, Xiao R, Luo S, Wu Z, Zhu L, Li J, Hu Q. How single-cell techniques help us look into lung cancer heterogeneity and immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1238454. [PMID: 37671151 PMCID: PMC10475738 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1238454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer patients tend to have strong intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity and complex tumor microenvironment, which are major contributors to the efficacy of and drug resistance to immunotherapy. From a new perspective, single-cell techniques offer an innovative way to look at the intricate cellular interactions between tumors and the immune system and help us gain insights into lung cancer and its response to immunotherapy. This article reviews the application of single-cell techniques in lung cancer, with focuses directed on the heterogeneity of lung cancer and the efficacy of immunotherapy. This review provides both theoretical and experimental information for the future development of immunotherapy and personalized treatment for the management of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Liao
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiwei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine; Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengquan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine; Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zengbao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine; Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiansha Li
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qinghua Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine; Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Hou Y, Hou Y, Li J, Yu L, Yan L. A qualitative research exploring the experiences of patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced lung cancer. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:498. [PMID: 37515629 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07965-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSES In patients with advanced lung cancer, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) dramatically extended survival. We aimed to investigate the experiences of patients with advanced lung cancer who are receiving ICIs, with a focus on perceptions and sentiments on ICIs, to inform future research and clinical care. METHODS Patients were recruited from January to July 2022 at Tianjin Medical University Hospital Cancer Institute & Hospital. The method of purposive sampling was used. Patients with stage IV lung cancer who were taking ICIs as a single therapy were recruited. Data were gathered using semi-structured and face-to-face interview. An inductive approach to analysis was used. RESULTS Of the 42 eligible patients, 27 were invited, 20 agreed to participate, and ultimately 17 patients completed the interview. A total of 5 themes were extracted: suffered from adverse effects but generally tolerable; focus on survival, hope, and expectation; uncertainty about durability of response and the future; poor knowledge and attitude of ICIs; and financial stress and guilt over family. CONCLUSION These findings make an important contribution to healthcare professionals' understanding of what it is like to be a patient with advanced lung cancer who is receiving ICIs. In general, the experience of immunotherapy is different from that of chemotherapy; financial and family pressures and uncertainty issues are likely to be heavier in this population. Oncology specialist nurses should provide tailored education to improve the patient's knowledge of immunotherapy, especially to improve risk awareness of immune-related adverse events and objective prognosis expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Hou
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingge Hou
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Yu
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Yan
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
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Xue F, Yang C, Yun K, Jiang C, Cai R, Liang M, Wang Q, Bian W, Zhou H, Liu Z, Zhu L. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Reduced LINC00467 elevates microRNA-125a-3p to suppress cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer through inhibiting sirtuin 6 and inactivating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:365. [PMID: 34458953 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09637-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xue
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Center of Endoscopy, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Keli Yun
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy School of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Cailing Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
| | - Rui Cai
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, No.15 Lequn Road, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China
| | - Ming Liang
- Emergency Center of Nangang Branch, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin Institute of Technonlogy, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin Institute of Technonlogy, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weixin Bian
- Department of Oncology, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin Institute of Technonlogy, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Medical Imaging, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin Institute of Technonlogy, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin Institute of Technonlogy, Harbin, 150036, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, No.15 Lequn Road, Guilin, 541001, Guangxi, China.
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Børø S, Thoresen S, Helland Å. Improvements in survival for patients with stage IV adenocarcinoma in the lung, diagnosed between 2010 - 2020 - A population-based registry study from Norway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1017902. [PMID: 36523970 PMCID: PMC9745181 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1017902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated how the prognosis for Norwegian patients with stage IV, adenocarcinoma (NSCLC) has developed during the last decade, to observe if increased survival coincides with the introduction of immunotherapy at a population level. MATERIALS AND METHODS Incidence data from the Cancer Registry of Norway are virtually complete and includes information about histological subtypes and biomarkers. The data was used to analyze median and relative survival for females and males diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC, divided by histological subgroups and age-groups. RESULTS During 2010 - 2020, 14472 patients were diagnosed with lung cancer in stage IV, in Norway. Among them 6351 patients (43%) were classified with adenocarcinoma. The median survival has increased for both sexes, but the largest increase is seen in females. From 2010 to 2020, median survival for females in the 0-69 group increased from 6.7 months to 12 months and from 3.7 months to 10 months for the 70+ age group. For the equivalent male age groups, we see an increase from 6.1 months to 7.7 months for the 0-69 group, and an increase from 3.8 months to 4.5 months for the 70+ group. When excluding patients with EGFR/ALK mutations from the survival analysis, the groups continue to display an increased survival from 2010 to 2020, although modest in the male 70+ group. The 1-year relative survival (RS) has increased for both sexes, from 32.4% to 51.2 in females and 25.4% to 44.5% in males. When EGFR/ALK positive patients were excluded from the analysis 1-year RS in females rose from 32.4% to 47.4% and for males from 25.4% to 41.8%. CONCLUSION A real-world patient population of stage IV, NSCLC adenocarcinoma have had a clinically meaningful increase in both median and relative survival from 2010 - 2020. The steepest survival increase has taken place after 2016, the time point where immunotherapy was implemented as a treatment option for the stage IV, adenocarcinoma population not harboring targetable mutations (EGFR/ALK).
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Affiliation(s)
- Siri Børø
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Merck (Norway), Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Åslaug Helland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Effect of Cepharanthine on the Stemness of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5956526. [PMID: 36483630 PMCID: PMC9723418 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5956526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) has poor survival prognosis and few clinical treatment options. We urgently need to explore new therapeutic drugs in clinical practice. Cepharanthine (CEP) has been shown to have anticancer effects in several tumors, but the mechanism of CEP in treating LUSC has not been reported. Methods SwissTargetPrediction, PharmMapper, and GeneCards were used to identify targets of CEP and LUSC. Further topological analysis was used to obtain hub genes via Cytoscape. Molecular docking was carried out to verify the combination of CEP with hub targets. Based on bioinformatics, we first analyzed the expression and survival of hub targets in LUSC and further analyzed the correlation between hub targets and cancer stemness, immune cell infiltration, and tumor mutation burden (TMB). Results A total of 41 targets were identified. Further topological analysis identified 6 hub genes: AURKA, CCNA2, CCNE1, CDK1, CHEK1, and PLK1. Molecular docking analysis showed that CEP had stable binding to all these 6 target proteins. In-depth bioinformatics analysis of these 6 targets showed that high expression of these targets were positively correlated with cancer stemness index and negatively correlated with tumor infiltrating immune cells. In immune subtype analysis, the expressions of these targets were significantly decreased in inflammatory tumors. In addition, we also found that the expressions of these targets were positively correlated with TMB. Conclusion Based on multidisciplinary analysis, we preliminarily identified potential targets of CEP for LUSC treatment and suggested that CEP may play a role in regulating LUSC stemness.
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Galli G, Corsetto PA, Proto C, Lo Russo G, Ganzinelli M, Rulli E, Legramandi L, Morelli D, Ferrara R, Prelaj A, Signorelli D, De Toma A, Brambilla M, Occhipinti M, Manglaviti S, Boeri M, Martinetti A, Vingiani A, Colombo MP, Rizzo AM, Torri V, de Braud F, Sangaletti S, Sica A, Garassino MC. Circulating Fatty Acid Profile as a Biomarker for Immunotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Lung Cancer 2022; 23:e489-e499. [PMID: 35948460 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lipid metabolism impacts immune cell differentiation, activation, and functions, modulating inflammatory mediators, energy homeostasis, and cell membrane composition. Despite preclinical evidence, data in humans lack concerning tumors and immunotherapy (IO). We aimed at investigating the correlations between circulating lipids and the outcome of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with IO. MATERIALS AND METHODS We identified all patients with advanced NSCLC treated with IO at our Institution with available baseline plasma samples. Fatty acids (FAs) were analyzed through gas chromatography. Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox multivariate models were constructed through a stepwise procedure, with entry and exit P value set at .2. RESULTS We identified 112 patients, mostly with performance status 1 (65.2%) and PD-L1≥1% (75.3%). Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 2.8 and 11.0 months, respectively. Multivariable model for survival identified a positive association of circulating free (FFA) C16:0 (P .005) and esterified (EFA) C16:1 (P .030) with PFS, and a positive association of EFA C16:1 (P .001) and EFA C18:0 (P .020) with OS. EFA C16:0 was negatively associated with PFS (P .008). CONCLUSION FFA C16:0 and FAs derived from its unsaturation (EFA C16:1) and elongation (EFA C18:0) are associated with a better outcome in NSCLC patients treated with IO. It is conceivable that the ratio among those FAs may modify membrane fluidity and receptor activity, influencing IO efficacy. These data pave the way for the investigation of lipid-modulating strategies in association with IO in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Galli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Antonia Corsetto
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Proto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lo Russo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Ganzinelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Eliana Rulli
- Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Legramandi
- Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Morelli
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Ferrara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Arsela Prelaj
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Electronics, Information, and Bioengineering, Polytechnic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Signorelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Toma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Brambilla
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Occhipinti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Manglaviti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Boeri
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonia Martinetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Vingiani
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Paolo Colombo
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Maria Rizzo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valter Torri
- Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Braud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Onco-Hematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabina Sangaletti
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Sica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DSF), University of Eastern Piedmont 'A. Avogadro', Novara, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Chiara Garassino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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18
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Hamid O, Chiappori AA, Thompson JA, Doi T, Hu-Lieskovan S, Eskens FALM, Ros W, Diab A, Spano JP, Rizvi NA, Wasser JS, Angevin E, Ott PA, Forgie A, Yang W, Guo C, Chou J, El-Khoueiry AB. First-in-human study of an OX40 (ivuxolimab) and 4-1BB (utomilumab) agonistic antibody combination in patients with advanced solid tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005471. [PMID: 36302562 PMCID: PMC9621185 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ivuxolimab (PF-04518600) and utomilumab (PF-05082566) are humanized agonistic IgG2 monoclonal antibodies against OX40 and 4-1BB, respectively. This first-in-human, multicenter, open-label, phase I, dose-escalation/dose-expansion study explored safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity of ivuxolimab+utomilumab in patients with advanced solid tumors. METHODS Dose-escalation: patients with advanced bladder, gastric, or cervical cancer, melanoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were unresponsive to available therapies, had no standard therapy available or declined standard therapy were enrolled into five dose cohorts: ivuxolimab (0.1-3 mg/kg every 2 weeks (Q2W)) intravenously plus utomilumab (20 or 100 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W)) intravenously. Dose-expansion: patients with melanoma (n=10) and NSCLC (n=20) who progressed on prior anti-programmed death receptor 1/programmed death ligand-1 and/or anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (melanoma) received ivuxolimab 30 mg Q2W intravenously plus utomilumab 20 mg Q4W intravenously. Adverse events (AEs) were graded per National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events V.4.03 and efficacy was assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) V.1.1 and immune-related RECIST (irRECIST). Paired tumor biopsies and whole blood were collected to assess pharmacodynamic effects and immunophenotyping. Whole blood samples were collected longitudinally for immunophenotyping. RESULTS Dose-escalation: 57 patients were enrolled; 2 (3.5%) patients with melanoma (0.3 mg/kg+20 mg and 0.3 mg/kg+100 mg) achieved partial response (PR), 18 (31.6%) patients achieved stable disease (SD); the disease control rate (DCR) was 35.1% across all dose levels. Dose-expansion: 30 patients were enrolled; 1 patient with NSCLC achieved PR lasting >77 weeks. Seven of 10 patients with melanoma (70%) and 7 of 20 patients with NSCLC (35%) achieved SD: median (range) duration of SD was 18.9 (13.9-49.0) weeks for the melanoma cohort versus 24.1 (14.3-77.9+) weeks for the NSCLC cohort; DCR (NSCLC) was 40%. Grade 3-4 treatment-emergent AEs were reported in 28 (49.1%) patients versus 11 (36.7%) patients in dose-escalation and dose-expansion, respectively. There were no grade 5 AEs deemed attributable to treatment. Ivuxolimab area under the concentration-time curve increased in a dose-dependent manner at 0.3-3 mg/kg doses. CONCLUSIONS Ivuxolimab+utomilumab was found to be well tolerated and demonstrated preliminary antitumor activity in selected groups of patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02315066.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Hamid
- Translational Research and Immunotherapy, The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute, A Cedars-Sinai Affiliate, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | | | - Toshihiko Doi
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Siwen Hu-Lieskovan
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ferry A L M Eskens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willeke Ros
- Department of Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adi Diab
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jean-Philippe Spano
- Medical Oncology, APHP-Sorbonne University, IPLEs Inserm1136, Pitie-Salpetrière Hospital-Paris, Paris, France
| | - Naiyer A Rizvi
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Wasser
- Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Eric Angevin
- Drug Development Department, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Patrick A Ott
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alison Forgie
- Translational Oncology, Pfizer Inc, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Oncology Computational Biology, Pfizer Inc, San Diego, Calfornia, USA
| | - Cen Guo
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer Inc, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey Chou
- Early Oncology Development and Clinical Research, Pfizer Inc, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Anthony B El-Khoueiry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Chen C, Zhang C, Lin H, Liu Q, Wu L, Zhou C, Zhang J. First-line therapeutic strategy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer with Leu858Arg epidermal growth factor receptor mutations: a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2022; 13:20406223221125706. [PMID: 36274751 PMCID: PMC9580106 DOI: 10.1177/20406223221125706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The objective of this network meta-analysis was to determine the most useful first-line therapeutic strategy for patients with advanced (IIIB/IV or relapsed) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) Leu858Arg or EGFR 19del mutations. Methods PubMed, the Web of Science, Medline, and reports of the top three world cancer conferences (WCLC, ESMO, and ASCO) were searched for appropriated randomized controlled studies (RCTs) discussing the use of various generations of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs; gefitinib, erlotinib, icotinib, afatinib, dacomitinib, osimertinib, aumolertinib), chemotherapy [pemetrexed-based chemotherapy (PC), non-pemetrexed-based chemotherapy (NPC)], and different combined therapies (osimertinib plus bevacizumab, afatinib plus cetuximab, erlotinib plus bevacizumab, erlotinib plus ramucirumab, gefitinib plus apatinib, gefitinib plus PC, and gefitinib plus pemetrexed) to treat patients with advanced NSCLC with EGFR Leu858Arg or 19del mutations. OpenBugs and Stata software were used to analyze the data. Results We included 21 studies with 16 arms (including 2479 cases with EGFR Leu858Arg mutations and 3325 cases with EGFR 19del mutations). Among patients with NSCLC with EGFR Leu858Arg mutations, compared with the first-generation TKIs (such as gefitinib), the second- or third-generation TKIs [dacomitinib: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.63; 95% confidence index (CI) = (0.45, 0.89); osimertinib: HR = 0.63; 95% CI = (0.42, 0.97)] showed significant benefits in improving progression-free survival (PFS), as did afatinib plus cetuximab [HR = 1.98; 95% CI = (1.01, 3.95)], erlotinib plus bevacizumab [HR = 1.79; 95% CI = (1.22, 2.62)], and erlotinib plus ramucirumab [HR = 1.62; 95% CI = (1.07, 2.48)]. In terms of overall survival (OS), these 16 arms showed no significant differences between each other (p > 0.05). Among patients with NSCLC with EGFR 19del mutations, compared with the first- or second-generation TKIs (such as gefitinib and afatinib), aumolertinib [versus gefitinib: HR = 0.39; 95% CI = (0.28, 0.55) versus afatinib: HR = 0.53; 95% CI = (0.35, 0.84)] and osimertinib [versus gefitinib: HR = 0.40; 95% CI = (0.32, 0.51) versus afatinib: HR = 0.53, 95% CI = (0.38, 0.79)] showed significantly beneficial effects. Among these first-line therapeutic strategies for patients with EGFR Leu858Arg mutations, the combination of afatinib and cetuximab ranked as the best to prolong PFS (33.0%). For NSCLC patients with 19del mutations, however, osimertinib plus bevacizumab was the best at prolonging PFS (84.3%). Conclusion For NSCLC patients with EGFR Leu858Arg mutations, the second-generation TKIs, the third-generation TKIs, and the combined treatments showed better efficacy than the first-generation TKIs for PFS. There were, however, no significant differences between each group for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huaming Lin
- The First Tumor Department, Maoming People’s Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Qianyin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengzhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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20
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Wu M, Liang L, Dai X. Discussion of tumor mutation burden as an indicator to predict efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A case report. Front Oncol 2022; 12:939022. [PMID: 35992799 PMCID: PMC9381827 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.939022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many treatment options for advanced lung cancer, among which immunotherapy has developed rapidly and benefited a lot of patients. However, immunotherapy can only benefit a subgroup of patients, and how to select patients suitable for this therapy is critical. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) is one of the important reference indicators for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, there are many factors influencing the usage of this indicator, which will lead to considerable consequences if not treated well. In this study, we performed a case study on a male advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma patient of age 83. The patient suffered from “cough and sputum”, and did chest CT scans on 24 October 2018, which showed “a mass-like mass in the anterior segment of the right lung upper lobe, about 38mm×28mm”. He was treated with systemic chemotherapy; however, the tumor was still under progression. Although PD-L1 was not tested in gene testing, he had a TMB value of 10.26 mutations/Mb with a quantile value 88.63%. Thus, “toripalimab injection” was added as immunotherapy and the size of the lesion decreased. In summary, we adopted a clinical case as the basis to explore the value and significance of TMB in immunotherapy in this study. We hope that more predictive molecular markers will be discovered, which will bring more treatment methods for advanced lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated People‘s Hospital of Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Lan Liang,
| | - Xiaotian Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Yang H, Wei X, Zhang L, Xiang L, Wang P. Pan-cancer analysis identifies CDCA3 as a novel prognostic marker associated with immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma through bioinformatics analysis. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 11:2902-2916. [PMID: 36093552 PMCID: PMC9459646 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-22-1901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of lung malignancy. However, the expression of cell division cycle-associated protein-3 (CDCA3) and its significance in LUAD remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the functional role of CDCA3 in LUAD through bioinformatics analysis and expected to provide a new direction for clinical treatment. Methods The expression of CDCA3 was analyzed by online database. The association between the expression of CDCA3 and clinical parameters with LUAD was explored in TCGA. Survival and independent prognostic analysis were performed by TCGA database and the GSE30219 and GSE31210 datasets. Furthermore, Enrichment analyses were conducted to analyze the functions of CDCA3. Afterward, the relationship between CDCA3 and immune infiltration was investigated. Additionally, a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network related to CDCA3 was constructed. Finally, CDCA3 expression was validated in clinical tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC), real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and western blotting (WB). Results CDCA3 expression was upregulated in 20 tumors and was significantly higher in LUAD compared with normal tissues in3 datasets. In addition, CDCA3 was significantly correlated with age, gender, stage, N, and smoking status. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that LUAD samples with higher CDCA3 expression were associated with poorer overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that the p value of CDCA3 expression was less than 0.05 (P<0.05) and it appeared in the results of multivariate Cox regression analysis (HR ≥1), indicating that CDCA3 can be used as an independent prognostic factor for LUAD. Intriguingly, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) suggested that CDCA3 was correlated with DNA-related terms and metabolic-related pathways in LUAD. CDCA3 expression was correlated with four immune scores and 14 immune cells in different groups. Next, a ceRNA network was constructed with CDCA3, and the experimental results of IHC, qRT-PCR, and WB were consistent with the bioinformatic analysis. Conclusions CDCA3 could serve as a prognostic biomarker for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xueqiang Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Liren Zhang
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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22
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Goring S, Varol N, Waser N, Popoff E, Lozano-Ortega G, Lee A, Yuan Y, Eccles L, Tran P, Penrod JR. Correlations between objective response rate and survival-based endpoints in first-line advanced non-small cell lung Cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lung Cancer 2022; 170:122-132. [PMID: 35767923 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The study objective was to estimate the relationship between objective response and survival-based endpoints by drug class, in first-line advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature review identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of first-line aNSCLC therapies reporting overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and/or objective response rate (ORR). Trial-level and arm-level linear regression models were fit, accounting for inclusion of immunotherapy (IO)-based or chemotherapy-only RCT arms. Weighted least squares-based R2 were calculated along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). For the main trial-level analysis of OS vs. ORR, the surrogate threshold effect was estimated. Exploratory analyses involved further stratification by: IO monotherapy vs. chemotherapy, dual-IO therapy vs. chemotherapy, and IO + chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy. RESULTS From 17,040 records, 57 RCTs were included. In the main analysis, trial-level associations between OS and ORR were statistically significant in both the IO-based and chemotherapy-only strata, with R2 estimates of 0.54 (95% CI: 0.26-0.81) and 0.34 (0.05-0.63), respectively. OS gains associated with a given ORR benefit were statistically significantly larger within IO vs. chemotherapy comparisons compared to chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy comparisons (p < 0.001). Exploratory analysis suggested a trend by IO type: for a given change in ORR, 'pure' IO (IO monotherapy and dual-IO) vs. chemotherapy RCTs tended to have a larger OS benefit than IO + chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy RCTs. For ORR vs. PFS, trial-level correlations were strong in the IO-based vs. chemotherapy (R2 = 0.84; 0.72-0.95), and chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy strata (R2 = 0.69; 0.49-0.88). For OS vs. PFS, correlations were moderate in both strata (R2 = 0.49; 0.20-0.78 and R2 = 0.49; 0.23-0.76). CONCLUSION The larger OS benefit per unit of ORR benefit in IO-based RCTs compared to chemotherapy-only RCTs provides an important addition to the established knowledge regarding the durability and depth of response in IO-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Goring
- Broadstreet HEOR, 201-343 Railway St, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Nebibe Varol
- Bristol Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Sanderson Rd, Denham, Uxbridge, England, UK.
| | | | - Evan Popoff
- Broadstreet HEOR, 201-343 Railway St, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | | | - Adam Lee
- Bristol Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Sanderson Rd, Denham, Uxbridge, England, UK.
| | - Yong Yuan
- Bristol Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA.
| | - Laura Eccles
- Bristol Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA.
| | - Phuong Tran
- Bristol Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA.
| | - John R Penrod
- Bristol Myers Squibb Pharmaceuticals Ltd, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA.
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Sun J, Yan C, Xu D, Zhang Z, Li K, Li X, Zhou M, Hao D. Immuno-genomic characterisation of high-grade serous ovarian cancer reveals immune evasion mechanisms and identifies an immunological subtype with a favourable prognosis and improved therapeutic efficacy. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:1570-1580. [PMID: 35017656 PMCID: PMC9130248 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01692-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy has revolutionised the field of cancer therapy and immunology, but has demonstrated limited therapeutic efficacy in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). METHODS Multi-omics data of 495 TCGA HGSOC tumours and RNA-seq data of 1708 HGSOC tumours were analyzed. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and meta-analyses were used to identify prognostic genes. The immune microenvironment was characterised using the ssGSEA methods for 28 immune cell types. Immunohistochemistry staining of tumour tissues of 14 patients was used to validate the key findings further. RESULTS A total of 1142 genes were identified as favourable prognostic genes, which are prevailing in immune-related pathways and the infiltration of most immune subpopulations was observed to be associated with a favourable prognosis suggesting that tumour immunogenicity was the most prominent factor associated with improved clinical outcomes and response to chemotherapy of HGSOC. We identified multiple genomic and transcriptomic determinants of immunogenicity, including the copy loss of chromosome 4q and deficiencies of the homologous recombination pathway. Finally, an immunological subtype characterised by increased infiltration of activated CD8 T cells and decreased Tregs was associated with favourable prognosis and improved therapeutic efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Our study characterised the immunogenomic landscape and refined the immunological classifications of HGSOC. This may improve the selection of patients with HGSOC who are suitable candidates for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027 Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Congcong Yan
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027 Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Xu
- grid.155956.b0000 0000 8793 5925Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Zicheng Zhang
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027 Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ke Li
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027 Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, 150081 Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhou
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, 325027 Wenzhou, P. R. China
| | - Dapeng Hao
- grid.410736.70000 0001 2204 9268Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, 150081 Harbin, P. R. China
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Gong J, Su D, Shang J, Xu S, Tang L, Sun Z, Liu G. Cost-Effectiveness of Tislelizumab Versus Docetaxel for Previously Treated Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in China. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:830380. [PMID: 35614942 PMCID: PMC9124929 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.830380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tislelizumab, a new high-affinity programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, significantly prolonged the overall survival in pretreated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of tislelizumab versus docetaxel for this population in China.Methods: A three-state partitioned survival model was developed to simulate advanced NSCLC. Efficacy and safety data were based on a global phase 3 clinical trial (RATIONALE 303). Utilities were mainly extracted from previously published resources. Costs were calculated from the Chinese healthcare system’s perspective, and only direct medical costs were covered. The main outcomes included total costs, life years (LYs), quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER). One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were carried to test the uncertainty of the modeling results. In addition, several scenarios including tislelizumab price before negotiation, different docetaxel price calculation, 50-year time horizon, and alternative utility values were assessed.Results: The model predicted an average gain of 0.62 LYs and 0.51 QALY for tislelizumab vs. docetaxel, at the additional cost of $9,219. The resulting ICER was $15,033.92/LY and $18,122.04/QALY, both below the cost-effective threshold (CET) of three times gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in China. Sensitivity analyses showed that the results are robust over a plausible range for majority of inputs. Utility of progression-free survival (PFS), followed by the price of tislelizumab, had the greatest impact on the ICER. The probability of being cost-effective for tislelizumab was 96.79% at the CET we set.Conclusion: Tislelizumab improves survival, increases QALYs, and can be considered a cost-effective option at current price compared with docetaxel for pretreated advanced NSCLC in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Shang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lidan Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiqiang Sun, ; Guangjun Liu,
| | - Guangjun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Changzhou NO.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiqiang Sun, ; Guangjun Liu,
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Analyse sémantique de conversations sur le web portant sur le cancer du poumon : étude Web Ethnography-Lung. Bull Cancer 2022; 109:805-816. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Olingy C, Alimadadi A, Araujo DJ, Barry D, Gutierrez NA, Werbin MH, Arriola E, Patel SP, Ottensmeier CH, Dinh HQ, Hedrick CC. CD33 Expression on Peripheral Blood Monocytes Predicts Efficacy of Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy Against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:842653. [PMID: 35493454 PMCID: PMC9046782 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.842653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has transformed cancer medicine, with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) therapy now well-utilized for treating NSCLC. Still, not all patients with NSCLC respond positively to anti-PD-1 therapy, and some patients acquire resistance to treatment. There remains an urgent need to find markers predictive of anti-PD-1 responsiveness. To this end, we performed mass cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 26 patients with NSCLC during anti-PD-1 treatment. Patients who responded to anti-PD-1 ICB displayed significantly higher levels of antigen-presenting myeloid cells, including CD9+ nonclassical monocytes, and CD33hi classical monocytes. Using matched pre-post treatment samples, we found that the baseline pre-treatment frequencies of CD33hi monocytes predicted patient responsiveness to anti-PD-1 therapy. Moreover, some of these classical and nonclassical monocyte subsets were associated with reduced immunosuppression by T regulatory (CD4+FOXP3+CD25+) cells in the same patients. Our use of machine learning corroborated the association of specific monocyte markers with responsiveness to ICB. Our work provides a high-dimensional profile of monocytes in NSCLC and links CD33 expression on monocytes with anti-PD-1 effectiveness in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Olingy
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Ahmad Alimadadi
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Daniel J. Araujo
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - David Barry
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Norma A. Gutierrez
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Max Hardy Werbin
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Edurne Arriola
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Hospital del Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital del Mar-Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandip Pravin Patel
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Christian H. Ottensmeier
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Huy Q. Dinh
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Catherine C. Hedrick
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Catherine C. Hedrick,
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Cheng M, Wang H, Zhao Y, Li G. Efficacy and Prognostic Factors for Response to PD-1 Inhibitors in Advanced Cervical Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:887-897. [PMID: 35378925 PMCID: PMC8976502 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s358302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors have shown a therapeutic effect in the treatment of advanced cervical cancer in clinical trials. However, the clinical characteristics associated with response remain undetermined. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and prognostic factors of PD-1 inhibitors in patients with advanced cervical cancer in clinical practice. Patients and Methods The study enrolled patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer treated with PD-1 inhibitors at our center between March 2018 and November 2020. The primary outcomes were the objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and safety. In addition, independent prognostic factors were identified by multivariate regression analysis. Results A total of 102 patients were included, and the ORR and disease control rate (DCR) were 51.0% and 66.7%, respectively. Median PFS was 11.0 months (95% CI, 1.7–20.4), while median OS was not achieved. Multivariate analysis indicated that factors associated with a better prognosis (ORR and PFS) included squamous cell carcinoma, a time to recurrence >6 months, and PD-1 plus chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic drugs (p < 0.05). Lines of therapy were independent factors for ORR but not for PFS. We also observed a tendency for longer PFS in patients with lung metastases and lymph node metastases only. Treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were well tolerated and primarily included thrombocytopenia, hepatic dysfunction, anemia, and leukopenia. Conclusion PD-1 inhibitors demonstrated beneficial efficacy and safety in advanced cervical cancer, particularly for patients with squamous cell carcinoma, a time to recurrence >6 months, or PD-1 plus chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic drugs. Further studies are needed to confirm the long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Cheng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haihong Wang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingchao Zhao
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guiling Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Guiling Li; Yingchao Zhao, Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 027-65655802, Email ;
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Hrinczenko B, Iannotti N, Goel S, Spigel D, Safran H, Taylor MH, Bennouna J, Wong DJ, Kelly K, Verschraegen C, Bajars M, Manitz J, Ruisi M, Gulley JL. Long-term avelumab in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: summaries and post hoc analyses from JAVELIN Solid Tumor. Future Oncol 2022; 18:1333-1342. [PMID: 35144482 PMCID: PMC9066292 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-0930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study examined patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who received long-term avelumab (anti-PD-L1) in a large phase Ib trial (JAVELIN Solid Tumor). Methods: Patients receiving >2 years of avelumab were reviewed and exploratory descriptive analyses were conducted. Results: Individuals with varying baseline characteristics who had received up to 6 years of avelumab were reviewed. Overall, 37/340 (10.9%) had received ≥2 years of treatment; in this subgroup, best response was complete response in 5.4%, partial response in 59.5% and stable disease in 29.7%; 51.4% had continued treatment beyond disease progression. Conclusions: In this study, 11% of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer received ≥2 years of avelumab treatment and experienced prolonged response or continued clinical benefit. Clinical Trial Registration:NCT02395172 (ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Affiliation(s)
- Borys Hrinczenko
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Nicholas Iannotti
- Hematology Oncology Associates of The Treasure Coast, Port St Lucie, FL 34952, USA
| | - Sanjay Goel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - David Spigel
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Howard Safran
- Life Span Cancer Institute, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Matthew H Taylor
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jaafar Bennouna
- Department of Pneumology, Thoracic Oncology Unit, Université Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Deborah J Wong
- Los Angeles Medical Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Karen Kelly
- University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Claire Verschraegen
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43221, USA
| | | | - Juliane Manitz
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, MA 01821, USA, an affiliate of Merck KGaA
| | - Mary Ruisi
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, MA 01821, USA, an affiliate of Merck KGaA
| | - James L Gulley
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch & Laboratory of Tumor Immunology & Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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29
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Chouaïd C, Grumberg V, Batisse A, Corre R, Giaj Levra M, Gaudin AF, Prodel M, Lortet-Tieulent J, Assié JB, Cotté FE. Machine Learning-Based Analysis of Treatment Sequences Typology in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Long-Term Survivors Treated With Nivolumab. JCO Clin Cancer Inform 2022; 6:e2100108. [PMID: 35113656 PMCID: PMC8824409 DOI: 10.1200/cci.21.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Immune checkpoint inhibitors substantially changed advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) management and can lead to long-term survival. The aims of this study were (1) to use a machine learning method to establish a typology of treatment sequences on patients with aNSCLC who were alive 2 years after initiating a treatment with anti-programmed death-ligand 1 monoclonal antibody nivolumab and (2) to describe the patients' characteristics according to the typology of treatment sequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective observational study was based on data from the comprehensive French hospital discharge database for all patients with lung cancer with at least one line of platinum-based chemotherapy, starting nivolumab between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2016, and alive 2 years after nivolumab treatment initiation. Patients were followed until December 31, 2018. A typology of most common treatment sequences was established using hierarchical clustering with time sequence analysis. RESULTS Two thousand two hundred twelve study patients were, on average, 63.0 years old, 69.9% of them were men, and 61.9% had a nonsquamous cell carcinoma. During the 2 years after nivolumab treatment initiation, clusters of patients with four basic types of treatment sequences were identified: (1) almost continuous nivolumab treatment (44% of patients); (2) nivolumab most of the time followed by a treatment-free interval or a chemotherapy (15% of patients); and a short or medium nivolumab treatment, followed by (3) a long systemic treatment-free interval (17% of patients) or (4) a long chemotherapy (23% of patients). CONCLUSION This machine learning approach enabled the identification of a typology of four representative treatment sequences observed in long-term survival. It was noted that most long-term survivors were treated with nivolumab for well over 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Chouaïd
- Service de pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | | | | | - Romain Corre
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Cornouaille, Quimper, France
| | - Matteo Giaj Levra
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes (CHUGA), Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | - Jean-Baptiste Assié
- Service de pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France.,Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, Paris, France
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30
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Li J, Che L, Xu C, Lu D, Xu Y, Liu M, Chai W. XIST/miR-34a-5p/PDL1 axis regulated the development of lung cancer cells and the immune function of CD8+ T cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2022; 42:469-478. [PMID: 35067156 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2021.2019274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Respiratory Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China
| | - Liyan Che
- Respiratory Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China
| | - Chang Xu
- Emergency Dpartment, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China
| | - Dongdong Lu
- Respiratory Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China
| | - Yan Xu
- Respiratory Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China
| | - Mengru Liu
- Respiratory Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China
| | - Wenshu Chai
- Respiratory Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, PR China
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31
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Fang L, Yu W, Yu G, Zhong F, Ye B. Junctional Adhesion Molecule-Like Protein (JAML) Is Correlated with Prognosis and Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma. MEDICAL SCIENCE MONITOR : INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2022; 28:e933503. [PMID: 35034089 PMCID: PMC8772237 DOI: 10.12659/msm.933503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Junctional adhesion molecule-like protein (JAML) is a member of the junctional adhesion molecule family and mediates migration of immune cells, but its function in cancers remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the role of JAML in the prognosis and immune infiltrates of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). MATERIAL AND METHODS JAML expressions in LUAD tissues and normal tissues were compared using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The influence of JAML expression on prognosis was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression model. Interactive and functional analyses of JAML were performed by LinkedOmics and GeneMANIA databases. TIMER2.0, TISIDB, and GEPIA2 databases were used to investigate the correlation between JAML expression and immune infiltrates. RESULTS JAML expression was decreased in LUAD (P<0.001), and lower JAML expression was associated with worse outcomes of LUAD patients. High JAML expression was the protective factor for overall survival (OS) (HR 0.706, 95% CI 0.500-0.997, P=0.048). Interactive and functional analyses suggested that co-expressed genes with JAML have an obvious link to immune-related pathways. In addition, JAML expression was positively associated with infiltrating levels of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils, and had significant correlations with diverse immune marker sets in LUAD. CONCLUSIONS JAML expression was significantly correlated with prognosis and immune infiltrates. These preliminary findings suggested JAML could be considered as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likui Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Wenfeng Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Guocan Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Fangming Zhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Bo Ye
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Liu L, Zhang G, Li J, Ren Z, Dong Z, Yu Z. PRRC2A Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression and Associates with Immune Infiltration. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2021; 8:1495-1511. [PMID: 34881207 PMCID: PMC8646232 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s337111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has high morbidity and poor prognosis due to the propensity of recurrence and metastasis. Emerging studies have confirmed that proline-rich coiled-coil2A (PRRC2A) plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and immunoregulation. However, its expression status and biological functions in HCC remain poorly documented. Methods The presence and prognostic value of PRRC2A were determined by a tissue microarray (TMA) cohort and multiple databases, mainly from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC). Functional enrichment analysis was applied to identify the mechanisms of PRRC2A in HCC. The biological function of PRRC2A in HCC progression in vitro was determined by CCK-8, colony formation, EdU, transwell migration and invasion assays. Moreover, the Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE), single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) algorithms, immunophenoscore (IPS) and public available immunotherapy cohorts were performed to classify their associations with tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immunotherapy. Results PRRC2A was upregulated in HCC at both mRNA and protein levels. High PRRC2A expression was correlated with poor prognosis and could be an independent risk factor. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that elevated PRRC2A was significantly correlated with the activation of various oncogenic pathways. Additionally, in vitro experiments confirmed that silencing PRRC2A could suppress the proliferation and metastasis capacities of HCC cells. More importantly, PRRC2A was negatively associated with many anti-tumor immune cells, but positively related to the expression of markers of exhaustive T cells. And HCC patients with high PRRC2A were more likely to be nonresponsive to immunotherapy. Conclusion This study explored the predictive value and biological roles of PRRC2A in HCC progression and indicated that it might be a potential biomarker for HCC patients and a predictor for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yize Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zenghan Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwen Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guizhen Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhao Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihui Dong
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zujiang Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.,Gene Hospital of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
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Kuligina ES, Iyevleva AG, Imyanitov EN. Integration of the blood test into the low-dose computed tomography lung cancer screening: reliable discrimination between malignant and non-malignant radiographic findings. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:4035-4038. [PMID: 34858791 PMCID: PMC8577980 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-21-680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S Kuligina
- N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, St.-Petersburg, Russia.,St.-Petersburg Pediatric Medical University, St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aglaya G Iyevleva
- N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, St.-Petersburg, Russia.,St.-Petersburg Pediatric Medical University, St.-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgeny N Imyanitov
- N.N. Petrov Institute of Oncology, St.-Petersburg, Russia.,St.-Petersburg Pediatric Medical University, St.-Petersburg, Russia.,I.I. Mechnikov North-Western Medical University, St.-Petersburg, Russia
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Bilger G, Girard N, Doubre H, Levra MG, Giroux-Leprieur E, Giraud F, Decroisette C, Carton M, Massiani MA. Discontinuation of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) above 18 months of treatment in real-life patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): INTEPI, a multicentric retrospective study. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:1719-1731. [PMID: 34821950 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal treatment duration of ICIs for patients with advanced NSCLC remains uncertain. In phase 3 clinical trials, treatment continued for 2 years or until disease progression with similar long-term survival rates. Real-life data are missing. PATIENTS AND METHODS This academic multicentric retrospective study aims at analyzing the characteristics of patients who discontinued treatment after at least 18 months of ICI monotherapy, in the setting of controlled disease. RESULTS Of the 1127 patients treated with immunotherapy in the given period in six centers, 107 patients had their tumor controlled after at least 18 months of treatment and 54 (50%) of them had discontinued ICI. The median duration of treatment was 26 months. Treatment was stopped due to prescriber choice or toxicity in 46% and 22% of cases, respectively. After a median follow-up of 21 months from ICI discontinuation (95% CI 15.0-26.1 months), 18 (33%) patients experienced tumor progression after a median time of 10.0 months (range 2-33). From discontinuation, 12-month overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 90% (95% CI 77.7-95.7) and 71% (95% CI 56.8-81.5), respectively; 24-month OS and PFS were 84% (95% CI 68.7-92.2) and 63% (95% CI 46.1-76.2), respectively. Duration of disease control after ICI discontinuation was correlated with tumor response at treatment discontinuation: PFS rate at 12 months was 76% after complete response (CR n = 11) or partial response (PR n = 37) and 22% after only stable disease (SD n = 6) as best response, p-value = 0.0002. PFS rate at 12 months was 80% for CR and/or complete metabolic response with 18F-FDG PET/CT (CMR) and 65% for others. Fourteen patients out of the 18 relapse patients received a subsequent treatment: seven with ICI rechallenge (best response 14% PR and 86% SD) and five with localized therapy with 60% CR. CONCLUSIONS This real-life study provides new insight into long-term outcomes of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICI for at least 18 months before treatment discontinuation in the absence of PD. Tumor response and CMR with FDG PET just before therapy discontinuation may be a predictive factor of prolonged disease control upon discontinuation. These results call for caution in discontinuing treatment in patients with stable disease as the best response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Girard
- Institut du Thorax Curie-Montsouris, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Etienne Giroux-Leprieur
- Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Oncology, Hopital Ambroise Pare, Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | | | - Chantal Decroisette
- Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Oncology, Le Centre Hospitalier Annecy Genevois, Metz-Tessy, France
| | - Matthieu Carton
- Unit of Biometry, Institut Curie, DRCI, PSL Research University, Paris, France
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35
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Rich P, Mitchell RB, Schaefer E, Walker PR, Dubay JW, Boyd J, Oubre D, Page R, Khalil M, Sinha S, Boniol S, Halawani H, Santos ES, Brenner W, Orsini JM, Pauli E, Goldberg J, Veatch A, Haut M, Ghabach B, Bidyasar S, Quejada M, Khan W, Huang K, Traylor L, Akerley W. Real-world performance of blood-based proteomic profiling in first-line immunotherapy treatment in advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002989. [PMID: 34706885 PMCID: PMC8552188 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) therapy has improved patient outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but better biomarkers are needed. A clinically validated, blood-based proteomic test, or host immune classifier (HIC), was assessed for its ability to predict ICI therapy outcomes in this real-world, prospectively designed, observational study. Materials and methods The prospectively designed, observational registry study INSIGHT (Clinical Effectiveness Assessment of VeriStrat® Testing and Validation of Immunotherapy Tests in NSCLC Subjects) (NCT03289780) includes 35 US sites having enrolled over 3570 NSCLC patients at any stage and line of therapy. After enrolment and prior to therapy initiation, all patients are tested and designated HIC-Hot (HIC-H) or HIC-Cold (HIC-C). A prespecified interim analysis was performed after 1-year follow-up with the first 2000 enrolled patients. We report the overall survival (OS) of patients with advanced stage (IIIB and IV) NSCLC treated in the first-line (ICI-containing therapies n=284; all first-line therapies n=877), by treatment type and in HIC-defined subgroups. Results OS for HIC-H patients was longer than OS for HIC-C patients across treatment regimens, including ICI. For patients treated with all ICI regimens, median OS was not reached (95% CI 15.4 to undefined months) for HIC-H (n=196) vs 5.0 months (95% CI 2.9 to 6.4) for HIC-C patients (n=88); HR=0.38 (95% CI 0.27 to 0.53), p<0.0001. For ICI monotherapy, OS was 16.8 vs 2.8 months (HR=0.36 (95% CI 0.22 to 0.58), p<0.0001) and for ICI with chemotherapy OS was unreached vs 6.4 months (HR=0.41 (95% CI 0.26 to 0.67), p=0.0003). HIC results were independent of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). In a subgroup with PD-L1 ≥50% and performance status 0–1, HIC stratified survival significantly for ICI monotherapy but not ICI with chemotherapy. Conclusion Blood-based HIC proteomic testing provides clinically meaningful information for immunotherapy treatment decision in NSCLC independent of PD-L1. The data suggest that HIC-C patients should not be treated with ICI alone regardless of their PD-L1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rich
- Lung Cancer, Piedmont Physicians Group, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Eric Schaefer
- Highlands Oncology Group, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Paul R Walker
- Leo W Jenkins Cancer Center, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - John W Dubay
- Lewis and Faye Manderson Cancer Center at DCH Regional Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA
| | - Jason Boyd
- Southeastern Medical Oncology Center, Goldsboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Oubre
- Pontchartrain Cancer Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ray Page
- The Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Mazen Khalil
- St. Bernards Hospital, Inc, Jonesboro, Arkansas, USA
| | - Suman Sinha
- Christus Saint Michael Health System, Texarkana, Texas, USA
| | - Scott Boniol
- Christus Cancer Treatment Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
| | - Hafez Halawani
- St. Frances Cabrini Hospital Cancer Center, Alexandria, Louisiana, USA
| | - Edgardo S Santos
- Florida Precision Oncology, Division of Genesis Care, Aventura, Florida, USA
| | - Warren Brenner
- Lynn Clinical Research Institute, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | | | - Emily Pauli
- Clearview Cancer Institute, Huntsville, Alabama, USA
| | - Jonathan Goldberg
- Clinical Research Alliance, Caremount Medical, Mount Kisco, New York, USA
| | - Andrea Veatch
- Northwest Medical Specialties, Puyallup, Washington, USA
| | - Mitchell Haut
- Hematology and Oncology Associates, Inc, Canton, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Kan Huang
- Phelps County Regional Medical Center, Rolla, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Wallace Akerley
- Huntsman Cancer Institute Cancer Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Kim H, Kim DW, Kim M, Lee Y, Ahn HK, Cho JH, Kim IH, Lee YG, Shin SH, Park SE, Jung J, Kang EJ, Ahn MJ. Long-term outcomes in patients with advanced and/or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer who completed 2 years of immune checkpoint inhibitors or achieved a durable response after discontinuation without disease progression: Multicenter, real-world data (KCSG LU20-11). Cancer 2021; 128:778-787. [PMID: 34705268 PMCID: PMC9297884 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown significant improvements in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). One of the major issues with ICIs is determining the optimal treatment duration. Methods This multicenter, retrospective study analyzed clinical outcomes in patients with NSCLC who completed 2 years of ICI therapy or were treated for more than 6 months and then discontinued ICIs without disease progression at 11 medical centers in Korea between August 2017 and December 2020. Results Ninety‐six patients who completed 2 years of ICIs were reviewed. The median durations of treatment and follow‐up were 24.0 and 33.9 months, respectively. The objective response rate (ORR) was 85.4%. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) periods were not reached. After completion, the PFS and OS rates were 81.1% and 96.4%, respectively, at 12 months. Forty‐three patients were identified who discontinued ICIs without disease progression: 26 (60.5%) for adverse events and 17 (39.5%) for other causes. The median durations of treatment and follow‐up were 10.5 and 21.2 months, respectively. The ORR was 90.7%. The median PFS and OS periods were not reached. After discontinuation, the PFS and OS rates were 71.0% and 90.0%, respectively, at 12 months. Conclusions A significantly high proportion of patients who completed 2 years of ICI therapy continued to experience long‐term PFS. Even if ICIs are discontinued after 6 months in patients without disease progression, they may achieve a durable response and facilitate long‐term survival. Lay Summary The optimal treatment duration for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains to be determined. This study reports the long‐term outcomes of patients with non–small cell lung cancer who completed 2 years of ICI therapy or achieved a durable response after the discontinuation of ICIs without disease progression in real‐world practice. A significantly high proportion of patients who completed 2 years of ICIs continued to experience long‐term progression‐free survival. In addition, even if ICIs are discontinued after 6 months in patients without disease progression, they may achieve a durable response and facilitate long‐term survival.
A significantly high proportion of patients who complete 2 years of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) continue to experience long‐term progression‐free survival. Even if ICIs are discontinued after 6 months in patients without disease progression, they may achieve a durable response and facilitate long‐term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsik Kim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Miso Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Ahn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Ho Cho
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Hwan Kim
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae-Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Yun-Gyoo Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hoon Shin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Ee Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyoon Jung
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Joo Kang
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cargill KR, Hasken WL, Gay CM, Byers LA. Alternative Energy: Breaking Down the Diverse Metabolic Features of Lung Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:757323. [PMID: 34745994 PMCID: PMC8566922 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.757323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer initiation, progression, and relapse. From the initial observation that cancer cells preferentially ferment glucose to lactate, termed the Warburg effect, to emerging evidence indicating that metabolic heterogeneity and mitochondrial metabolism are also important for tumor growth, the complex mechanisms driving cancer metabolism remain vastly unknown. These unique shifts in metabolism must be further investigated in order to identify unique therapeutic targets for individuals afflicted by this aggressive disease. Although novel therapies have been developed to target metabolic vulnerabilities in a variety of cancer models, only limited efficacy has been achieved. In particular, lung cancer metabolism has remained relatively understudied and underutilized for the advancement of therapeutic strategies, however recent evidence suggests that lung cancers have unique metabolic preferences of their own. This review aims to provide an overview of essential metabolic mechanisms and potential therapeutic agents in order to increase evidence of targeted metabolic inhibition for the treatment of lung cancer, where novel therapeutics are desperately needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lauren A. Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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38
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Autoimmune cerebellar hypermetabolism: Report of three cases and literature overview. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2021; 178:337-346. [PMID: 34657731 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2021.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report three cases of vermian cerebellar hypermetabolism in patients with autoimmune encephalitis. One of our patients was positive for anti-Ma2 antibodies and one for anti-Zic4 antibodies while the remaining patient did not present any known antibodies. The seronegative patient deteriorated after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment for a pulmonary adenocarcinoma and improved with immunosuppressive drugs, which is in favour of an underlying autoimmune mechanism. They all presented with subacute neurological symptoms. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was normal except in one patient, where hyperintensities were present on FLAIR sequence around the third ventricle and the cerebral aqueduct. 18F-FDG brain positron emission tomography with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT) demonstrated an unusual vermian cerebellar hypermetabolism in the three cases. While cerebellar hypermetabolism on 18F-FDG PET-CT has been described in various neurological diseases, such vermian - and more broadly cerebellar - hypermetabolism was seldom described in previous studies on autoimmune encephalitis. When differential diagnoses have been ruled out, this pattern may be of interest for the positive diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis in difficult diagnostic cases.
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Evangelista L, Sepulcri M, Pasello G. PET/CT and the Response to Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer. Curr Radiopharm 2021; 13:177-184. [PMID: 31858908 PMCID: PMC8206188 DOI: 10.2174/1874471013666191220105449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective In recent years, the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors has significantly changed the outcome of patients affected by lung cancer and cutaneous melanoma. Although the clinical advantages, the selection of patients and the evaluation of response to immunotherapy remain unclear, the immune-related Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (irRECIST) was proposed as an update of the RECIST criteria for the assessment of response to immunotherapy. However, morphological images cannot predict early response to therapy that represents a challenge in clinical practice. 18F-FDG PET/CT before and after immunotherapy has an indeterminate role, demonstrating ambiguous results due to inflammatory effects secondary to activation of the immune system. The aim of the present review was to analyze the role of PET/CT as a guide for immunotherapy, by analyzing the current status and future perspectives. Methods A literature search was conducted in order to select all papers that discussed the role of PET/CT with FDG or other tracers in the evaluation or prediction of response to immunotherapy in lung cancer patients. Results Many papers are now available. Many clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of immunotherapy in lung cancer patients. FDG PET/CT can be used for the prediction of response to immunotherapy, while its utility for the evaluation of response is not still clearly reported. Moreover, the standardization of FDG PET/CT interpretation is missing and different criteria, such as information, have been investigated until now. Conclusion The utility of FDG PET/CT for patients with lung cancer undergoing immunotherapies is still preliminary and not well addressed. New agents for PET are promising, but large clinical trials are mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Evangelista
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Sepulcri
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Pasello
- Oncology 2 Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
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Boesch M, Baty F, Rothschild SI, Tamm M, Joerger M, Früh M, Brutsche MH. Tumour neoantigen mimicry by microbial species in cancer immunotherapy. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:313-323. [PMID: 33824481 PMCID: PMC8329167 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour neoantigens arising from cancer-specific mutations generate a molecular fingerprint that has a definite specificity for cancer. Although this fingerprint perfectly discriminates cancer from healthy somatic and germline cells, and is therefore therapeutically exploitable using immune checkpoint blockade, gut and extra-gut microbial species can independently produce epitopes that resemble tumour neoantigens as part of their natural gene expression programmes. Such tumour molecular mimicry is likely not only to influence the quality and strength of the body's anti-cancer immune response, but could also explain why certain patients show favourable long-term responses to immune checkpoint blockade while others do not benefit at all from this treatment. This article outlines the requirement for tumour neoantigens in successful cancer immunotherapy and draws attention to the emerging role of microbiome-mediated tumour neoantigen mimicry in determining checkpoint immunotherapy outcome, with far-reaching implications for the future of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florent Baty
- Lung Center, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Sacha I Rothschild
- Department of Medical Oncology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Tamm
- Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Joerger
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Martin Früh
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Fan L, Lei H, Lin Y, Zhou Z, Shu G, Yan Z, Chen H, Zhang T, Yin G. Identification of a Gene Set Correlated With Immune Status in Ovarian Cancer by Transcriptome-Wide Data Mining. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:670666. [PMID: 34395521 PMCID: PMC8363306 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.670666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blocking (ICB) immunotherapy has achieved great success in the treatment of various malignancies. Although not have been approved for the treatment of ovarian cancer (OC), it has been actively tested for the treatment of OC. However, biomarkers that could indicate the immune status of OC and predict the response to ICB are rare. We downloaded RNAseq and clinical data of OC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Data analysis revealed both TMBhigh and immunityhigh were significantly related to better survival of OC. Up-regulated differentially expressed genes (Up-DEGs) were identified by analyzing the gene expression levels. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed in the "GSVA" and "limma" package in R software. The correlation of genes with overall survival was also analyzed by conducted Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Four genes, CXCL13, FCRLA, MS4A1, and PLA2G2D were found positively correlated with better prognosis of OC and mainly involved in immune response-related pathways. Finally, TIMER and TIDE were used to predict gene immune function and its association with immunotherapy. We found that these four genes were positively correlated with better response to immune checkpoint blockade-based immunotherapy. Altogether, CXCL13, FCRLA, MS4A1, and PLA2G2D may be used as potential therapeutic genes for reflecting OC immune status and predicting response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Fan
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Lei
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengwei Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guang Shu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhipeng Yan
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haotian Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianxiang Zhang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Gang Yin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Hu W, Li B, Geng N, He X, Ge H, Wang P, Ding C. Association Between PDL1 Genetic Variation and Efficacy of Apatinib Monotherapy in Patients with Previously Treated Advanced NSCLC: A Real-World Retrospective Study. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:2703-2714. [PMID: 34188525 PMCID: PMC8232958 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s303717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore associations between PDL1 polymorphisms and efficacy of apatinib for patients with previously treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a real-world setting. Methods We retrospectively recruited 148 patients with previously treated advanced NSCLC from January 2015 to December 2019 continuously. Clinical efficacy in patients receiving apatinib treatment was evaluated. Adverse reactions were documented during treatment. Biological specimens of peripheral blood and cancer tissue biopsies were obtained for the genotyping of genetic variations in PDL1 and corresponding gene-mRNA expression, respectively. Univariate association analysis between the status of PDL1 genetic variations and survival was performed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results The objective response rate of the 148 patients was 17.6% and disease-control rate 68.9%. Prognostic data suggested that median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.8 (95% CI 3.13-4.47) months and median overall survival (OS) 10.5 (95% CI 9.06-11.95) months. Regarding PDL1 genetic variation, only rs2297136 was of clinical significance. Prognosis analysis revealed that PFS and OS for the rs2297136 genotype were significantly different. Median PFS of patients with TC/CC and TT genotypes was 3 and 4.5 months, respectively (P=0.006). Median OS of the two genotypes was 9 and 11.6 months, respectively (P=0.04). Furthermore, the safety profile suggested that the most common adverse reactions were hypertension, dermal toxicity, fatigue, and oral toxicity. This study failed to find any significant association between adverse reactions and rs2297136. Interestingly, mRNA-expression analysis demonstrated that mRNA expression of PDL1 in biopsy cancer-tissue specimens was significantly different based on rs2297136-genotype status (P<0.001). Conclusion The PDL1 polymorphism rs2297136 could be used as a potential biomarker for the prognosis of patients with NSCLC receiving apatinib monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Geng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuimin Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
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Gan FJ, Li Y, Xu MX, Zhou T, Wu S, Hu K, Li Y, Sun SH, Luo Q. LncRNA BCAR4 expression and predicts the clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced breast cancer. Cancer Biomark 2021; 32:339-351. [PMID: 34151842 PMCID: PMC8673519 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is an important treatment for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). However, there are no effective biomarkers to predict the efficacy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new biomarkers to predict the response of LABC to NAC. LncRNA BCAR4 has been detected in a variety of malignant tumor tissues and used as a new biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis. However, LncRNA BCAR4 predicts the response of LABC to NAC is unclear. OBJECTIVE Explore the predictive effect of LncRNA BCAR4 on the efficacy of NAC for LABC in three different evaluation systems. METHODS First, the TCGA database was used to analyze the expression of LncRNA BCAR4 in 33 kinds of malignant tumors, and further explore its expression in breast cancer and its impact on the survival and prognosis of breast cancer. Furthermore, quantitative methods were used to measure the expression level of LncRNA BCAR4 in cancer tissues of 48 LABC patients, and the correlation between LncRNA BCAR4 and clinicopathological status and response to NAC under the evaluation system of 3, RECIST1.1, Miller-Payne (MP) score and whether it reaches pCR,was analyzed. RESULTS TCGA data analysis found that LncRNA is highly expressed in a variety of malignant tumor tissues, including breast cancer. And relatively low expression, the shorter the overall survival time of high expression patients. The high expression of LncRNA BCAR4 is related to the size of the tumor, and there are differences in expression between stage I and other stages, but there is no obvious correlation with the positive lymph node and hormone receptor status. Among the three evaluation systems, only in the RECIST 1.1 evaluation system LncRNA BCAR4 has a predictive effect on NAC for LABC. The expression of LncRNA BCAR4 has no significant correlation with clinical stage, Ki-67% and hormone receptor status, and has no significant correlation with whether patients with locally advanced breast cancer obtain pCR during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSION LncRNA BCAR4 is highly expressed in LABC tissues and may be an effective marker for predicting the efficacy of NAC for LABC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jiao Gan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Meng-Xi Xu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Tie Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Shun Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Kang Hu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Su-Hong Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.,Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Identification of m6A methyltransferase-related lncRNA signature for predicting immunotherapy and prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228714. [PMID: 34027555 PMCID: PMC8188173 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase has been shown to be an oncogene in a variety of cancers. Nevertheless, the relationship between the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains elusive. We integrated the gene expression data of 371 HCC and 50 normal tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed protein-coding genes (DE-PCGs)/lncRNAs (DE-lncRs) analysis and univariate regression and Kaplan–Meier (K–M) analysis were performed to identify m6A methyltransferase-related lncRNAs. Three prognostic lncRNAs were selected by univariate and LASSO Cox regression analyses to construct the m6A methyltransferase-related lncRNA signature. Multivariate Cox regression analyses illustrated that this signature was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) prediction. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) suggested that the m6A methyltransferase-related lncRNAs were involved in the immune-related biological processes (BPs) and pathways. Besides, we discovered that the lncRNAs signature was correlated with the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the expression of critical immune checkpoints. Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) analysis revealed that the lncRNAs could predict the clinical response to immunotherapy. Our study had originated a prognostic signature for HCC based on the potential prognostic m6A methyltransferase-related lncRNAs. The present study had deepened the understanding of the TME status of HCC patients and laid a theoretical foundation for the choice of immunotherapy.
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Single-cell profiling of tumor heterogeneity and the microenvironment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2540. [PMID: 33953163 PMCID: PMC8100173 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease. Cancer cells and cells within the tumor microenvironment together determine disease progression, as well as response to or escape from treatment. To map the cell type-specific transcriptome landscape of cancer cells and their tumor microenvironment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we analyze 42 tissue biopsy samples from stage III/IV NSCLC patients by single cell RNA sequencing and present the large scale, single cell resolution profiles of advanced NSCLCs. In addition to cell types described in previous single cell studies of early stage lung cancer, we are able to identify rare cell types in tumors such as follicular dendritic cells and T helper 17 cells. Tumors from different patients display large heterogeneity in cellular composition, chromosomal structure, developmental trajectory, intercellular signaling network and phenotype dominance. Our study also reveals a correlation of tumor heterogeneity with tumor associated neutrophils, which might help to shed light on their function in NSCLC. Comprehensive profiles of tumour and microenvironment are critical to understand heterogeneity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, the authors profile 42 late-stage NSCLC patients with single-cell RNA-seq, revealing immune landscapes that are associated with cancer subtype or heterogeneity.
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Shen L, Fu H, Tao G, Liu X, Yuan Z, Ye X. Pre-Immunotherapy Contrast-Enhanced CT Texture-Based Classification: A Useful Approach to Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Immunotherapy Efficacy Prediction. Front Oncol 2021; 11:591106. [PMID: 33968716 PMCID: PMC8103028 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.591106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the utility of the pre-immunotherapy contrast-enhanced CT-based texture classification in predicting response to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) immunotherapy treatment. Methods: Sixty-three patients with 72 lesions who received immunotherapy were enrolled in this study. We extracted textures including histogram, absolute gradient, run-length matrix, gray-level co-occurrence matrix, autoregressive model, and wavelet transform from pre-immunotherapy contrast-enhanced CT by using Mazda software. Three different methods, namely, Fisher coefficient, mutual information measure (MI), and minimization of classification error probability combined average correlation coefficients (POE + ACC), were performed to select 10 optimal texture feature sets, respectively. The patients were divided into non-progressive disease (non-PD) and progressive disease (PD) groups. t-test or Mann–Whitney U-test was performed to test the differences in each texture feature set between the above two groups. Each texture feature set was analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and non-linear discriminant analysis (NDA). The area under the curve (AUC) was used to quantify the predictive accuracy of the above three analysis models for each texture feature set, and the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were also calculated, respectively. Results: Among the three texture feature sets, the texture parameter differences of kurtosis (2.12 ± 3.92 vs. 0.78 ± 1.10, p = 0.047), “S(2,2)SumEntrp” (1.14 ± 0.31 vs. 1.24 ± 0.12, p = 0.036), and “S(1,0)SumEntrp” (1.18 ± 0.27 vs. 1.28 ± 0.11, p = 0.046) between the non-PD and PD group were statistically significant (all p < 0.05). The classification result of texture feature set selected by POE + ACC and analyzed by NDA was identified as the best model (AUC = 0.812, 95% CI: 0.706–0.919) with a sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV of 88.2, 76.3, 81.9, 76.9, and 87.9%, respectively. Conclusion: Pre-immunotherapy contrast-enhanced CT-based texture provides a new method for clinical evaluation of the NSCLC immunotherapy efficacy prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Shen
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongchao Fu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangyu Tao
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodan Ye
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
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Tøndell A, Subbannayya Y, Wahl SGF, Flatberg A, Sørhaug S, Børset M, Haug M. Analysis of Intra-Tumoral Macrophages and T Cells in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Indicates a Role for Immune Checkpoint and CD200-CD200R Interactions. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1788. [PMID: 33918618 PMCID: PMC8069596 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors shows beneficial responses, but only in a proportion of patients. To improve immunotherapy in NSCLC, we need to map the immune checkpoints that contribute immunosuppression in NSCLC-associated immune cells and to identify novel pathways that regulate immunosuppression. Here, we investigated the gene expression profiles of intra-tumoral immune cells isolated from NSCLC patients and compared them to the expression profiles of their counterparts in adjacent healthy tissue. Transcriptome analysis was performed on macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The data was subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment and weighted correlation network analysis in order to identify mediators of immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment in NSCLC. Immune cells from NSCLC revealed a consistent differential expression of genes involved in interactions between myeloid cells and lymphocytes. We further identified several immunosuppressive molecules and pathways that may be activated in tumor-associated macrophages in NSCLC. Importantly, we report novel data on immune cell expression of the newly described CD200/CD200R1 pathway, and the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors (LILRs), which may represent novel innate immune checkpoints, dampening the anti-tumor T cell immune response in NSCLC. Our study substantiates the importance of tumor-associated macrophages as a mediator of immunosuppression and a promising target for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Tøndell
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Yashwanth Subbannayya
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sissel Gyrid Freim Wahl
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pathology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arnar Flatberg
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Central Administration, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sveinung Sørhaug
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Magne Børset
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Markus Haug
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
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CT based radiomic approach on first line pembrolizumab in lung cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6633. [PMID: 33758304 PMCID: PMC7988058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical evaluation poorly predicts outcomes in lung cancer treated with immunotherapy. The aim of the study is to assess whether CT-derived texture parameters can predict overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with first line Pembrolizumab. Twenty-one patients with NSLC were prospectively enrolled; they underwent contrast enhanced CT (CECT) at baseline and during Pembrolizumab treatment. Response to therapy was assessed both with clinical and iRECIST criteria. Two radiologists drew a volume of interest of the tumor at baseline CECT, extracting several texture parameters. ROC curves, a univariate Kaplan-Meyer analysis and Cox proportional analysis were performed to evaluate the prognostic value of texture analysis. Twelve (57%) patients showed partial response to therapy while nine (43%) had confirmed progressive disease. Among texture parameters, mean value of positive pixels (MPP) at fine and medium filters showed an AUC of 72% and 74% respectively (P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meyer analysis showed that MPP < 56.2 were significantly associated with lower OS and PFS (P < 0.0035). Cox proportional analysis showed a significant correlation between MPP4 and OS (P = 0.0038; HR = 0.89[CI 95%:0.83,0.96]). In conclusion, MPP could be used as predictive imaging biomarkers of OS and PFS in patients with NSLC with first line immune treatment.
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Dall'Olio FG, Gelsomino F, Conci N, Marcolin L, De Giglio A, Grilli G, Sperandi F, Fontana F, Terracciano M, Fragomeno B, Tober N, Manferrari G, Brocchi S, Golfieri R, Fiorentino M, Ardizzoni A. PD-L1 Expression in Circulating Tumor Cells as a Promising Prognostic Biomarker in Advanced Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Clin Lung Cancer 2021; 22:423-431. [PMID: 33849808 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a promising source of biological information in cancer. Data correlating PD-L1 expression in CTCs with patients' response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still lacking. METHODS This is a prospective single-center cohort study enrolling patients with advanced NSCLC. CTCs were identified and counted with the CellSearch system. PD-L1 expression on CTCs was assessed with phycoerythrin-conjugated anti-human PD-L1 antibody, clone MIH3 (BioLegend, USA). Primary endpoint was the correlation between the CTCs PD-L1 expression and overall survival (OS). Among secondary objectives, we evaluated the correlation between PD-L1 expression on CTCs and matched tumor tissue and the correlation of CTC number and baseline tumor size (BTS). RESULTS Thirty-nine patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents as second- or third-line therapy were enrolled. Patients were divided into 3 groups: no CTC detectable (CTCnull, n = 15), PD-L1 positive CTC (CTCpos, n = 13), and PD-L1 negative CTC (CTCneg, n = 11). Median OS in patients with CTCneg was 2.2 months, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8-3.6 (reference) versus 3.7 months, 95% CI, 0.1-7.5 (hazard ratio [HR] 0.33; 95% CI, 0.13-0.83; P = .019) in patients with CTCpos versus 16.0 months, 95% CI, 2.2-29.8 (HR 0.17; 95% CI, 0.06-0.45; P< .001) in patients with CTCnull. No correlation was found between PD-L1 expression on CTCs and on tumor tissue. CTC number was correlated with BTS. CONCLUSION PD-L1 expression on CTCs is a promising biomarker in patients with NSCLC treated with ICIs. Further validation as predictive biomarker is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo G Dall'Olio
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesco Gelsomino
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicole Conci
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Marcolin
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea De Giglio
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giada Grilli
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Sperandi
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Benedetta Fragomeno
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nastassja Tober
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Manferrari
- Department of Genetics, Environment, and Evolution (GEE), University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Brocchi
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rita Golfieri
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Fiorentino
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Ardizzoni
- Division of Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Ettinger DS, Wood DE, Aisner DL, Akerley W, Bauman JR, Bharat A, Bruno DS, Chang JY, Chirieac LR, D'Amico TA, Dilling TJ, Dowell J, Gettinger S, Gubens MA, Hegde A, Hennon M, Lackner RP, Lanuti M, Leal TA, Lin J, Loo BW, Lovly CM, Martins RG, Massarelli E, Morgensztern D, Ng T, Otterson GA, Patel SP, Riely GJ, Schild SE, Shapiro TA, Singh AP, Stevenson J, Tam A, Yanagawa J, Yang SC, Gregory KM, Hughes M. NCCN Guidelines Insights: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Version 2.2021. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2021; 19:254-266. [PMID: 33668021 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2021.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 568] [Impact Index Per Article: 189.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) address all aspects of management for NSCLC. These NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on recent updates to the NCCN Guidelines regarding targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and their respective biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Douglas E Wood
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance
| | | | | | | | - Ankit Bharat
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | - Debora S Bruno
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
| | - Joe Y Chang
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jules Lin
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Renato G Martins
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance
| | | | - Daniel Morgensztern
- Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Thomas Ng
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - Gregory A Otterson
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
| | | | | | | | | | - Aditi P Singh
- Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania
| | - James Stevenson
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
| | - Alda Tam
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | | | - Stephen C Yang
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins
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