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Hannani MT, Thudium CS, Karsdal MA, Ladel C, Mobasheri A, Uebelhoer M, Larkin J, Bacardit J, Struglics A, Bay-Jensen AC. From biochemical markers to molecular endotypes of osteoarthritis: a review on validated biomarkers. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2024; 24:23-38. [PMID: 38353446 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2024.2315282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) affects over 500 million people worldwide. OA patients are symptomatically treated, and current therapies exhibit marginal efficacy and frequently carry safety-risks associated with chronic use. No disease-modifying therapies have been approved to date leaving surgical joint replacement as a last resort. To enable effective patient care and successful drug development there is an urgent need to uncover the pathobiological drivers of OA and how these translate into disease endotypes. Endotypes provide a more precise and mechanistic definition of disease subgroups than observable phenotypes, and a panel of tissue- and pathology-specific biochemical markers may uncover treatable endotypes of OA. AREAS COVERED We have searched PubMed for full-text articles written in English to provide an in-depth narrative review of a panel of validated biochemical markers utilized for endotyping of OA and their association to key OA pathologies. EXPERT OPINION As utilized in IMI-APPROACH and validated in OAI-FNIH, a panel of biochemical markers may uncover disease subgroups and facilitate the enrichment of treatable molecular endotypes for recruitment in therapeutic clinical trials. Understanding the link between biochemical markers and patient-reported outcomes and treatable endotypes that may respond to given therapies will pave the way for new drug development in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica T Hannani
- ImmunoScience, Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Ali Mobasheri
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Jonathan Larkin
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- SynOA Therapeutics, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jaume Bacardit
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - André Struglics
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopaedics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Hu Y, Li K, Swahn H, Ordoukhanian P, Head SR, Natarajan P, Woods AK, Joseph SB, Johnson KA, Lotz MK. Transcriptomic analyses of joint tissues during osteoarthritis development in a rat model reveal dysregulated mechanotransduction and extracellular matrix pathways. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:199-212. [PMID: 36354073 PMCID: PMC9892293 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transcriptomic changes in joint tissues during the development of osteoarthritis (OA) are of interest for the discovery of biomarkers and mechanisms of disease. The objective of this study was to use the rat medial meniscus transection (MMT) model to discover stage and tissue-specific transcriptomic changes. DESIGN Sham or MMT surgeries were performed in mature rats. Cartilage, menisci and synovium were scored for histopathological changes at 2, 4 and 6 weeks post-surgery and processed for RNA-sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEG) were used to identify pathways and mechanisms. Published transcriptomic datasets from animal models and human OA were used to confirm and extend present findings. RESULTS The total number of DEGs was already high at 2 weeks (723 in meniscus), followed by cartilage (259) and synovium (42) and declined to varying degrees in meniscus and synovium but increased in cartilage at 6 weeks. The most upregulated genes included tenascins. The 'response to mechanical stimulus' and extracellular matrix-related pathways were enriched in both cartilage and meniscus. Pathways that were enriched in synovium at 4 weeks indicate processes related to synovial hyperplasia and fibrosis. Synovium also showed upregulation of IL-11 and several MMPs. The mechanical stimulus pathway included upregulation of the mechanoreceptors PIEZO1, PIEZO2 and TRPV4 and nerve growth factor. Analysis of data from prior RNA-sequencing studies of animal models and human OA support these findings. CONCLUSION These results indicate several shared pathways that are affected during OA in cartilage and meniscus and support the role of mechanotransduction and other pathways in OA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - K Li
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - H Swahn
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - P Ordoukhanian
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics and Genomics Core, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - S R Head
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics and Genomics Core, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - P Natarajan
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics and Genomics Core, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - A K Woods
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - S B Joseph
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - K A Johnson
- Calibr, a Division of Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - M K Lotz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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Çeliktürk E, Salt Ö, Sayhan MB, Dıbırdık İ. A novel biomarker in acute cholecystitis: YKL-40. Asian J Surg 2022; 46:1564-1570. [PMID: 36241524 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of a specific biomarker that can be used in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis, a common cause of admission to the emergency department, delays physician efforts to diagnose and treat these patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure plasma YKL-40 levels and investigate their diagnostic value in patients with acute cholecystitis (AC). METHODS This study was carried out between February 2020 and September 2020 in the adult emergency department of a tertiary university hospital. Permission was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Scientific Research on 03/02/2020 with Decision No. 03/16. The study included 80 patients who were diagnosed with acute cholecystitis and 80 healthy volunteers without known chronic diseases. RESULTS The median YKL-40 protein level was 798.66 pq/mL in the patient group and 392.45 pq/mL in the control group. A statistically significant difference in YKL-40 protein levels was found between the two groups. YKL-40 protein levels were significantly higher in patients diagnosed with acute cholecystitis than in healthy individuals (p < 0.001). A positive correlation was found between YKL-40 protein levels and ALT, AST, LDH, and GGT levels (r = 0.272, p = 0.015; r = 0.397, p < 0.001; r = 0.386, p < 0.001; and r = 0.264, p = 0.018; respectively). CONCLUSION When evaluated together with physical examination, radiological imaging and other laboratory parameters, we think that plasma YKL-40 levels can be used effectively in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis.
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Waszczykowski M, Fabiś-Strobin A, Bednarski I, Narbutt J, Fabiś J. Serum and synovial fluid concentrations of interleukin-18 and interleukin-20 in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee and their correlation with other markers of inflammation and turnover of joint cartilage. Arch Med Sci 2022; 18:448-458. [PMID: 35316898 PMCID: PMC8924851 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2020.96717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease, and its aetiology is not entirely known. The aim of the study was to evaluate the involvement of interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interleukin-20 (IL-20) in the pathogenesis of knee OA and their correlations with other markers of inflammation and destruction of joint cartilage, as well as clinical and radiological changes. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 25 patients with knee OA and a control group. The concentration of IL-18, IL-20, IL-6, MMP-1, MMP-3, COMP, PG-AG, and YKL-40 in serum and synovial fluid (SF) were determined. We also evaluated radiological lesions of the knee joint according to the Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) scale, and clinical severity of the disease according to Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Lequesne Index. RESULTS The concentrations of IL-18 and IL-20 were statistically significantly higher in serum of patients with OA than in the control group (106.00 ±189.76 pg/ml vs. 16.73 ±16.99 pg/ml, p < 0.001, 17.69 ±13.45 pg/ml vs. 9.76 ±9.00 pg/ml, p < 0.014). Serum concentration of IL-18 positively correlated with MMP-3 (R = 0.58; p = 0.006) and YKL-40 (R = 0.48; p = 0.002). The degree of radiological advancement of OA (K-L scale) correlated positively with clinical evaluation (WOMAC, R = 0.74, p ≤ 0.001; Lequesne Index, R = 0.57, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The analysis of ROC curves showed that IL-20 as well as COMP, MMP-3, and YKL-40 may be diagnostic markers of knee OA. The observations indicate that IL-18 potentially mediates mainly in intra-articular processes and IL-20 could be primarily responsible for the systemic inflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Waszczykowski
- Department of Arthroscopy, Minimally Invasive Surgery, and Sports Traumatology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Fabiś-Strobin
- Clinic of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Igor Bednarski
- Dermatology, Paediatric Dermatology, and Oncology Clinic, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Narbutt
- Dermatology, Paediatric Dermatology, and Oncology Clinic, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jarosław Fabiś
- Department of Arthroscopy, Minimally Invasive Surgery, and Sports Traumatology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Jankowska-Konsur A, Łyko M, Rubas K, Nowicka-Suszko D, Maj J, Szepietowski JC. Chitinase-3-like Protein 1 (YKL-40): A New Biomarker of Inflamma-tion in Pyoderma Gangrenosum. Acta Derm Venereol 2021; 102:adv00646. [PMID: 34935995 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v101.978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare, neutrophil-ic dermatosis with unclear aetiopathology, considered as an autoinflammatory disease, associated with other immune-mediated disorders. Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40) is an inflammatory biomarker secreted by a wide variety of cells, including neutrophils. To evaluate YKL-40 serum level in relation to clinicopathological data, 48 patients with PG and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Skin lesions were measured to calculate the affected area. Inflammatory parameters (C-reactive protein, white blood cell count with neutrophils) were determined from blood samples. YKL-40 and IL-6 levels were measured in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. YKL-40 serum level was significantly higher in patients with PG than in controls (58.4 vs 36.4 ng/ml, respectively; p < 0.00001). The positive correlation between YKL-40 level and IL-6 level was observed (r=0.48, p = 0.0006) along with a trend towards significance of relationship between YKL-40 level and C-reactive protein (r=0.28, p = 0.052). YKL-40 can be considered a valuable biomarker of inflammation in PG.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jacek C Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Hernández-Hermoso JA, Nescolarde L, Roca E, Revuelta-López E, Ara J, Bayes-Genis A. Marathon Running Increases Synthesis and Decreases Catabolism of Joint Cartilage Type II Collagen Accompanied by High-Energy Demands and an Inflamatory Reaction. Front Physiol 2021; 12:722718. [PMID: 34707508 PMCID: PMC8542987 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.722718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the effect of marathon running on serum levels of inflammatory, high energy, and cartilage matrix biomarkers and to ascertain whether these biomarkers levels correlate. Design: Blood samples from 17 Caucasian male recreational athletes at the Barcelona Marathon 2017 were collected at the baseline, immediately and 48 h post-race. Serum C reactive protein (CRP), creatin kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined using an AU-5800 chemistry analyser. Serum levels of hyaluronan (HA), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), aggrecan chondroitin sulphate 846 (CS846), glycoprotein YKL-40, human procollagen II N-terminal propeptide (PIINP), human type IIA collagen N-propeptide (PIIANP), and collagen type II cleavage (C2C) were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Medians CK and sLDH levels increased (three-fold, two-fold) post-race [429 (332) U/L, 323 (69) U/L] (p < 0.0001; p < 0.0001) and (six-fold, 1.2-fold) 48 h post-race [658 (1,073) U/L, 218 (45) U/L] (p < 0.0001; p < 0.0001). Medians CRP increased (ten-fold) after 48 h post-race [6.8 (4.1) mg/L] (p < 0.0001). Mean sHA levels increased (four-fold) post-race (89.54 ± 53.14 ng/ml) (p < 0.0001). Means PIINP (9.05 ± 2.15 ng/ml) levels increased post-race (10.82 ± 3.44 ng/ml) (p = 0.053) and 48 h post-race (11.00 ± 2.96 ng/ml) (p = 0.001). Mean sC2C levels (220.83 ± 39.50 ng/ml) decreased post-race (188.67 ± 38.52 ng/ml) (p = 0.002). In contrast, means COMP, sCS846, sPIIANP, and median sYKL-40 were relatively stable. We found a positive association between sCK levels with sLDH pre-race (r = 0.758, p < 0.0001), post-race (r = 0.623, p = 0.008) and 48-h post-race (r = 0.842, p < 0.0001); sHA with sCRP post-race vs. 48 h post-race (r = 0.563, p = 0.019) and sPIINP with sCK pre-race vs. 48-h post-race (r = 0.499, p = 0.044) and with sLDH 48-h pre-race vs. post-race (r = 0.610, p = 0.009) and a negative correlation of sPIIANP with sCRP 48-h post-race (r = −0.570, p = 0.017). Conclusion: Marathon running is an exercise with high-energy demands (sCK and sLDH increase) that provokes a high and durable general inflammatory reaction (sCRP increase) and an immediately post-marathon mechanism to protect inflammation and cartilage (sHA increase). Accompanied by an increase in type II collagen cartilage fibrils synthesis (sPIINP increase) and a decrease in its catabolism (sC2C decrease), without changes in non-collagenous cartilage metabolism (sCOMP, sC846, and sYKL-40). Metabolic changes on sPIINP and sHA synthesis may be related to energy consumption (sCK, sLDH) and the inflammatory reaction (sCRP) produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Hernández-Hermoso
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Lexa Nescolarde
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Elena Revuelta-López
- Research Program, Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Ara
- Departament of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- Research Program, Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
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Proteomic Analysis of Synovial Fibroblasts and Articular Chondrocytes Co-Cultures Reveals Valuable VIP-Modulated Inflammatory and Degradative Proteins in Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126441. [PMID: 34208590 PMCID: PMC8235106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common musculoskeletal disorder causing a great disability and a reduction in the quality of life. In OA, articular chondrocytes (AC) and synovial fibroblasts (SF) release innate-derived immune mediators that initiate and perpetuate inflammation, inducing cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Given the lack of therapies for the treatment of OA, in this study, we explore biomarkers that enable the development of new therapeutical approaches. We analyze the set of secreted proteins in AC and SF co-cultures by stable isotope labeling with amino acids (SILAC). We describe, for the first time, 115 proteins detected in SF-AC co-cultures stimulated by fibronectin fragments (Fn-fs). We also study the role of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in this secretome, providing new proteins involved in the main events of OA, confirmed by ELISA and multiplex analyses. VIP decreases proteins involved in the inflammatory process (CHI3L1, PTX3), complement activation (C1r, C3), and cartilage ECM degradation (DCN, CTSB and MMP2), key events in the initiation and progression of OA. Our results support the anti-inflammatory and anti-catabolic properties of VIP in rheumatic diseases and provide potential new targets for OA treatment.
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Qi Y, Chou LS, Zhang LJ, Liu MQ, Yi M, Zhang QX, Wang J, Li T, Zhang DQ, Yang L. Increased cerebrospinal fluid YKL-40 levels are associated with disease severity of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 45:102395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lee YH, Song GG. YKL-40 Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Their Correlation with Disease Activity: A Meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES 2019. [DOI: 10.4078/jrd.2019.26.4.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Lee
- Department of Rheumatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gwan Gyu Song
- Department of Rheumatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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10
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Li J, Zheng J. Theaflavins prevent cartilage degeneration via AKT/FOXO3 signaling in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:821-830. [PMID: 30569095 PMCID: PMC6323294 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Theaflavins (TFs) are the main bioactive polyphenols in tea and contribute to protection against oxidative stress. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation can lead to the disruption of cartilage homeostasis. The present study examined the potential effects of TFs on H2O2-induced cartilage degeneration in vitro. Cell Counting kit (CCK-8) was used to determine cell viability, and flow cytometric analysis was used to detect ROS, apoptosis and DNA damage. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were used to detect the expression levels of target factors. The present study revealed that TFs effectively reduced the expression of catabolic factors, including matrix metalloproteinase-13, interleukin-1 and cartilage glycoprotein 39. TFs inhibited ROS generation in cartilage degeneration, and suppressed apoptosis and DNA damage caused by oxidative stress. TFs also downregulated the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein, and the DNA damage-related genes, ATR serine/threonine kinase and ATM serine/threonine kinase. Furthermore, TFs enhanced the activity of glutathione peroxidase 1 and catalase, but reduced the expression levels of phosphorylated (p)-AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) and p-Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3)a. Conversely, the effects of TFs on apoptosis and DNA damage were reversed by persistent activation of AKT. In conclusion, TFs prevented cartilage degeneration via AKT/FOXO3 signaling in vitro. The present study suggested that TFs may be a potential candidate drug for the prevention of cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei College of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441021, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangyang Central Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei College of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441021, P.R. China
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Sanchez C, Bay-Jensen AC, Pap T, Dvir-Ginzberg M, Quasnichka H, Barrett-Jolley R, Mobasheri A, Henrotin Y. Chondrocyte secretome: a source of novel insights and exploratory biomarkers of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:1199-1209. [PMID: 28232143 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.02.797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of articular cartilage is comprised of complex networks of proteins and glycoproteins, all of which are expressed by its resident cell, the chondrocyte. Cartilage is a unique tissue given its complexity and ability to resist repeated load and deformation. The mechanisms by which articular cartilage maintains its integrity throughout our lifetime is not fully understood, however there are numerous regulatory pathways known to govern ECM turnover in response to mechanical stimuli. To further our understanding of this field, we envision that proteomic analysis of the secretome will provide information on how the chondrocyte remodels the surrounding ECM in response to load, in addition to providing information on the metabolic state of the cell. In this review, we attempt to summarize the recent mass spectrometry-based proteomic discoveries in healthy and diseased cartilage and chondrocytes, to facilitate the discovery of novel biomarkers linked to degenerative pathologies, such as osteoarthritis (OA).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sanchez
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, Belgium; The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery.
| | - A-C Bay-Jensen
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery; Department of Rheumatology, Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
| | - T Pap
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery; Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Munster, Domagkstrasse 3, D-48149, Munster, Germany.
| | - M Dvir-Ginzberg
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery; Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
| | - H Quasnichka
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery; Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7AL, United Kingdom.
| | - R Barrett-Jolley
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery; Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - A Mobasheri
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery; Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7AL, United Kingdom; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Duke of Kent Building, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Y Henrotin
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, Belgium; The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery.
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12
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Kazakova MH, Batalov AZ, Mateva NG, Kolarov ZG, Sarafian VS. YKL-40 and cytokines - a New Diagnostic Constellation in Rheumatoid Arthritis? Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2017; 59:37-42. [PMID: 28384116 DOI: 10.1515/folmed-2017-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) causes chronic inflammation and alteration of articular tissue and joints. The pathogenesis of the disease remains unclear although it is known that proinflammatory cytokines play a major role in its induction. YKL-40 is a chitinase-like glycoprotein produced by activated macrophages, neutrophils, arthritic chondrocytes and cancer cells. It has been shown that YKL-40 is implicated in tissue remodeling, angiogenesis and inflammation. AIM to investigate serum and synovial YKL-40 levels in relation to IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in RA patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum and synovial concentrations of YKL-40, TNF-α, IL- 6, and IL-1β were determined by ELISA in 39 patients (mean age 53.18 ± 16.54 yrs) with active RA. RESULTS Serum YKL-40 levels were increased in all patients. The highest levels were found in synovial fluid (P<0.01). Our study showed a strong association between serum and synovial levels of YKL-40 and serum TNF-α and IL-1 β (P<0.05). CONCLUSION This is the first study finding a significant correlation between serum TNF-α and IL-1β and YKL-40 in active RA. We suggest that these molecules together might play a dominant role in the pathogenesis and disease activity and could possibly serve as a new diagnostic constellation in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria H Kazakova
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv
| | - Anastas Z Batalov
- Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Nonka G Mateva
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biostatistics and E-learning, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv
| | | | - Victoria S Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Abstract
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative joint disease, is the most common form of arthritis in the elderly. Problems arising from the condition are not only health, physical, and psychological, but also economical and social. OA is a complex disease causes by environmental factors (obesity, female gender, advancing age) and genetics. A strong genetic contribution to primary OA has been observed in several studies. Asian population is undoubtedly genetically different from European, whom most studies have been performed. This review systematically compares results of molecules involved with OA from studies performed on Asian and Caucasian populations. The clear differences between Asian and Caucasian populations may be from the sex- and ethnic-specific nature of the disease, as well as from the inclusion criteria of the studies. Global collaboration is highly significant in understanding genetic underlying OA. Knowledge gained from genetic study is important to the development of prevention and therapeutic intervention, and to identify individuals at risk of developing severe or progressive OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachaneekorn Tammachote
- PhD, Human Genetics Research, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Co-Expression and Co-Localization of Cartilage Glycoproteins CHI3L1 and Lubricin in Osteoarthritic Cartilage: Morphological, Immunohistochemical and Gene Expression Profiles. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:359. [PMID: 26978347 PMCID: PMC4813220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the most common human arthritis characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage. Several studies reported that levels of human cartilage glycoprotein chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) are known as a potential marker for the activation of chondrocytes and the progression of Osteoarthritis (OA), whereas lubricin appears to be chondroprotective. The aim of this study was to investigate the co-expression and co-localization of CHI3L1 and lubricin in normal and osteoarthritic rat articular cartilage to correlate their modified expression to a specific grade of OA. Samples of normal and osteoarthritic rat articular cartilage were analyzed by the Kellgren–Lawrence OA severity scores, the Kraus’ modified Mankin score and the Histopathology Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) system for histomorphometric evaluations, and through CHI3L1 and lubricin gene expression, immunohistochemistry and double immuno-staining analysis. The immunoexpression and the mRNA levels of lubricin increased in normal cartilage and decreased in OA cartilage (normal vs. OA, p < 0.01). By contrast, the immunoexpression and the mRNA levels of CHI3L1 increased in OA cartilage and decreased in normal cartilage (normal vs. OA, p < 0.01). Our findings are consistent with reports suggesting that these two glycoproteins are functionally associated with the development of OA and in particular with grade 2/3 of OA, suggesting that in the future they could be helpful to stage the severity and progression of the disease.
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Dündar Ü, Aşık G, Ulaşlı AM, Sınıcı Ş, Yaman F, Solak Ö, Toktaş H, Eroğlu S. Assessment of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy with Serum YKL-40 and ultrasonography in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Int J Rheum Dis 2015; 19:287-93. [DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ümit Dündar
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Faculty of Medicine; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar Turkey
| | - Gülşah Aşık
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Medicine; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar Turkey
| | - Alper Murat Ulaşlı
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Faculty of Medicine; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar Turkey
| | - Şükrü Sınıcı
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Faculty of Medicine; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar Turkey
| | - Fatima Yaman
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Faculty of Medicine; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar Turkey
| | - Özlem Solak
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Faculty of Medicine; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar Turkey
| | - Hasan Toktaş
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Faculty of Medicine; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar Turkey
| | - Selma Eroğlu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation; Faculty of Medicine; Afyon Kocatepe University; Afyonkarahisar Turkey
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Ruiz-Romero C, Calamia V, Albar JP, Casal JI, Corrales FJ, Fernández-Puente P, Gil C, Mateos J, Vivanco F, Blanco FJ. The Spanish biology/disease initiative within the human proteome project: Application to rheumatic diseases. J Proteomics 2015; 127:406-13. [PMID: 25686859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The Spanish Chromosome 16 consortium is integrated in the global initiative Human Proteome Project, which aims to develop an entire map of the proteins encoded following a gene-centric strategy (C-HPP) in order to make progress in the understanding of human biology in health and disease (B/D-HPP). Chromosome 16 contains many genes encoding proteins involved in the development of a broad range of diseases, which have a significant impact on the health care system. The Spanish HPP consortium has developed a B/D platform with five programs focused on selected medical areas: cancer, obesity, cardiovascular, infectious and rheumatic diseases. Each of these areas has a clinical leader associated to a proteomic investigator with the responsibility to get a comprehensive understanding of the proteins encoded by Chromosome 16 genes. Proteomics strategies have enabled great advances in the area of rheumatic diseases, particularly in osteoarthritis, with studies performed on joint cells, tissues and fluids. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this manuscript we describe how the Spanish HPP-16 consortium has developed a B/D platform with five programs focused on selected medical areas: cancer, obesity, cardiovascular, infectious and rheumatic diseases. Each of these areas has a clinical leader associated to a proteomic investigator with the responsibility to get a comprehensive understanding of the proteins encoded by Chromosome 16 genes. We show how the Proteomic strategy has enabled great advances in the area of rheumatic diseases, particularly in osteoarthritis, with studies performed on joint cells, tissues and fluids. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: HUPO 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ruiz-Romero
- Rheumatology Division, ProteoRed/ISCIII Proteomics Group, INIBIC - Hospital Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; CIBER-BBN Instituto de Salud Carlos III, INIBIC-CHUAC, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Valentina Calamia
- Rheumatology Division, ProteoRed/ISCIII Proteomics Group, INIBIC - Hospital Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Albar
- ProteoRed-ISCIII, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología - CSIC, UAM Campus Cantoblanco, Darwin, 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Ignacio Casal
- ProteoRed-ISCIII, Functional Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando J Corrales
- ProteoRed-ISCIII, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pío XII, 55; Ed. CIMA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Puente
- Rheumatology Division, ProteoRed/ISCIII Proteomics Group, INIBIC - Hospital Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Concha Gil
- ProteoRed-ISCIII, Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Mateos
- Rheumatology Division, ProteoRed/ISCIII Proteomics Group, INIBIC - Hospital Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Fernando Vivanco
- ProteoRed-ISCIII, Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Blanco
- Rheumatology Division, ProteoRed/ISCIII Proteomics Group, INIBIC - Hospital Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; RIER-RED de Inflamación y Enfermedades Reumáticas, INIBIC-CHUAC, A Coruña, Spain.
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Increased expression of chitinase 3-like 1 is a prognosis marker for non-small cell lung cancer correlated with tumor angiogenesis. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:901-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2690-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Increased expression of Chitinase 3-like 1 and microvessel density predicts metastasis and poor prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:12131-7. [PMID: 25142236 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2518-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence demonstrated that Chitinase 3-like 1 (hereafter termed CHI3L1 or YKL-40) was highly expressed and tightly associated with human tumor development and progression. However, its precise role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (hereafter termed RCC) remains to be delineated. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between CHI3L1 expression and microvessel density (MVD), a reflection of angiogenesis, with metastasis and prognosis in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of clear cell RCC from 73 patients who had undergone radical nephrectomy were stained immunohistochemically with specific antibodies against CHI3L1 and CD34. CHI3L1 immunostaining was semi-quantitatively estimated based on the proportion (percentage of positive cells) and intensity. MVD was determined with CD34-stained slides. The expression pattern of CHI3L1 and MVD was compared with the clinicopathological variables. Twenty patients had either synchronous or metachronous metastases and 12 died during the follow-up. CHI3L1 intensity was significantly correlated with tumor size (P = 0.005), TNM stage (P = 0.027), M stage (P = 0.011), grade (P = 0.014), and metastasis (synchronous or metachronous; P < 0.001). The CHI3L1 proportion (P = 0.038) and MVD (P = 0.012) were significantly correlated with metastasis. MVD was correlated with CHI3L1 intensity (r = 0.376, P = 0.001) and CHI3L1 proportion (r = 0.364, P = 0.002). There was no difference in the expression of CHI3L1 and MVD between primary and metastatic sites. The survival of patients with higher CHI3L1 intensity was significantly worse than that of patients with lower CHI3L1 intensity. Multivariate analyses indicated that only M stage was an independent prognostic factor for cancer-specific survival and CHI3L1 expression was not an independent factor. Taken altogether, increased expression of CHI3L1 and MVD is associated with metastasis and a worse prognosis in clear cell RCC. CHI3L1 expression is correlated with MVD. The results suggest that CHI3L1 may be important in the progression and angiogenesis of clear cell RCC and CHI3L1 might be a novel strategy for therapy of the patients with RCC.
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Diverse pathological implications of YKL-40: Answers may lie in ‘outside-in’ signaling. Cell Signal 2013; 25:1567-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Lee SH, Lin CY, Wang PH, Han CP, Yang SF, Chang JT, Lee MC, Lin LY, Lee MS. Significant association of elevated concentration of plasma YKL-40 with disease severity in patients with pelvic inflammatory disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2012; 26:136-42. [PMID: 22628227 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To date, no study reports the implication of YKL-40 in pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Therefore, we investigate the levels of plasma YKL-40 in patients with PID and further associate its expression with the severity of disease. METHODS We designed a hospital-based case-control study with approximate 1:1 ratio and consecutively recruited 64 patients with PID and 70 control women. We collected blood samples from 64 women with PID before and after they received treatment and 70 control women to detect levels of plasma YKL-40 and C-reactive protein (CRP) as well as white blood cell and neutrophil counts. RESULTS The results revealed that levels of plasma YKL-40 were significantly elevated in patients with PID as compared to those in controls (38.36 vs. 21.69 ng/ml, P = 0.001) but the significant difference was restricted to women aged 30 years or old after age stratification (56.75 vs. 23.61 ng/ml, P ≤ 0.001). It declined significantly after they received treatment (median: 38.36 vs. 27.54 ng/ml; P ≤ 0.001). Although both plasma YKL-40 and CRP were elevated in patients with tubo-ovarian abscess, PID patients with surgery exhibited higher YKL-40 concentration than those without surgery (median: 82.05 vs. 30.19 ng/ml, P = 0.005) and only plasma YKL-40 was significantly associated with the length of the hospital stay (P ≤ 0.001, R = 0.604). CONCLUSION We conclude that once individuals are diagnosed to have PID, YKL-40 may act as a biomarker to predict the severity and clinical outcome of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hsin Lee
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Calamia V, Lourido L, Fernández-Puente P, Mateos J, Rocha B, Montell E, Vergés J, Ruiz-Romero C, Blanco FJ. Secretome analysis of chondroitin sulfate-treated chondrocytes reveals anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-catabolic properties. Arthritis Res Ther 2012; 14:R202. [PMID: 23031212 PMCID: PMC3580514 DOI: 10.1186/ar4040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a symptomatic slow-acting drug for osteoarthritis (OA) widely used in the clinic. The aim of this work is to find proteins whose secretion from cartilage cells under proinflammatory stimuli (IL-1β) is regulated by CS, employing a novel quantitative proteomic approach. METHODS Human articular chondrocytes released from three normal cartilages were grown in SILAC medium. When complete incorporation of the heavy isotope was achieved, chondrocytes were stimulated with IL-1β 5 ng/ml with or without CS pretreatment (200 µg/ml). Forty-eight hours later, chondrocyte secretomes were analyzed by nano-scale liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Real-time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses were employed to confirm some of the results. RESULTS We could identify 75 different proteins in the secretome of human articular chondrocytes. Eighteen of these were modulated by CS with statistical significance (six increased and 12 decreased). In normal chondrocytes stimulated with IL-1β, CS reduces inflammation directly by decreasing the presence of several complement components (CFAB, C1S, CO3, and C1R) and also indirectly by increasing proteins such as TNFα-induced protein (TSG6). TSG6 overexpression correlates with a decrease in pro-matrix metalloproteinase activation (observed in MMP1 and MMP3 levels). Finally, we observed a strong CS-dependent increase of an angiogenesis inhibitor, thrombospondin-1. CONCLUSION We have generated a quantitative profile of chondrocyte extracellular protein changes driven by CS in the presence of IL-1β. We have also provided novel evidences of its anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-catabolic properties. Demonstration of the anti-angiogenic action of CS might provide a novel therapeutic approach for OA targeting.
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Kastrup J. Can YKL-40 be a new inflammatory biomarker in cardiovascular disease? Immunobiology 2012; 217:483-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Relationship between sonographic parameters and YKL-40 levels in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2012; 33:341-6. [PMID: 22451025 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-012-2387-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
YKL-40, also known as human cartilage glycoprotein 39, is a member of the "mammalian chitinase-like proteins" family without chitinase activity. Increased serum concentrations are associated with inflammatory processes and several types of cancer. In this study, we evaluated YKL-40 levels in serum and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in comparison with the ultrasonographic findings. YKL-40 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 25 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and in 40 healthy subjects. B mode and power Doppler were performed to determine synovial thickening and vascularization. Serum YKL-40 level in patients was significantly higher than the concentration in healthy controls (P < 0.01). In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the level of the glycoprotein in synovial fluid was remarkably elevated compared to the serum level (P = 0.003). The B mode and power Doppler scores correlated to YKL-40 in serum and synovial fluid (P = 0.07). Serum YKL-40 levels were related positively to serum markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein (P = 0.004) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P = 0.003). This study is the first to demonstrate a relationship between YKL-40 levels and ultrasonographic examinations in Bulgarian patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The findings suggest that YKL-40 might be implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease and could indicate the level of joint inflammation.
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Mathiasen AB, Henningsen KMA, Harutyunyan MJ, Mygind ND, Kastrup J. YKL-40: a new biomarker in cardiovascular disease? Biomark Med 2010; 4:591-600. [DOI: 10.2217/bmm.10.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease in the form of coronary artery disease is the most common cause of death in western countries. Early treatment with stabilizing drugs and mechanical revascularization by percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary bypass surgery has reduced the mortality significantly. But in spite of improved treatments, many patients are still plagued by a high frequency of angina symptoms, hospitalizations and a poor prognosis. There is a need for new independent or supplementary biomarkers that can help to predict cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular events earlier and more precisely, and thus accompany existing biomarkers in both primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention. One such potential new biomarker is the protein YKL-40. As an independent biomarker in both cardiovascular diseases and noncardiovascular diseases, current evidence suggests YKL-40 to be most useful as a marker of disease severity, prognosis and short survival. However, future studies will evaluate whether YKL-40 can be used for monitoring of the treatment effect in different patient populations with a distinct disease diagnosis. In this article we explore present knowledge on YKL-40 as a biomarker in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Bruun Mathiasen
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory 2014, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Mads Aaris Henningsen
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory 2014, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marina Jurjevna Harutyunyan
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory 2014, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Naja Dam Mygind
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory 2014, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Kastrup
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory 2014, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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van Spil WE, DeGroot J, Lems WF, Oostveen JCM, Lafeber FPJG. Serum and urinary biochemical markers for knee and hip-osteoarthritis: a systematic review applying the consensus BIPED criteria. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010; 18:605-12. [PMID: 20175979 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2010.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Revised: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Molecules that are released into biological fluids during matrix metabolism of articular cartilage, subchondral bone, and synovial tissue could serve as biochemical markers of the process of osteoarthritis (OA). Unfortunately, actual breakthroughs in the biochemical OA marker field are limited so far. OBJECTIVE By reviewing the status of commercially available biochemical OA markers according to the "Burden of disease, Investigative, Prognostic, Efficacy of intervention, and Diagnostic" ("BIPED") classification, future use of this "BIPED" classification is encouraged and more efficient biochemical OA marker research stimulated. DATA SOURCES Three electronic databases [PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE (1997-May 2009)] were searched for publications on blood and urinary biochemical markers in human primary knee and hip-OA. STUDY SELECTION Stepwise selection of original English publications describing human studies on blood or urinary biochemical markers in primary knee or hip-OA was performed. Selected articles were fully read to determine whether biochemical markers were investigated on performance within any of the "BIPED" categories. Eighty-four relevant publications were identified. DATA EXTRACTION Data from relevant publications were tabulated according to the "BIPED" classification. Individual analyses within a publication were summarized in general "BIPED" scores. DATA SYNTHESIS An uneven distribution of scores on biochemical marker performance and heterogeneity among the publications complicated direct comparison of individual biochemical markers. Comparison of categories of biochemical markers was therefore performed instead. In general, biochemical markers of cartilage degradation were investigated most extensively and performed well in comparison with other categories of biochemical markers. Biochemical markers of bone metabolism performed less adequately. Biochemical markers of synovial tissue metabolism were not investigated extensively, but performed quite well. CONCLUSIONS Specific biochemical markers and categories of biochemical markers as well as their nature, origin and metabolism, need further investigation. International standardization of future investigations should be pursued to obtain more high-quality, homogenous data on the full spectrum of biochemical OA markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- W E van Spil
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 95500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Kazakova M, Deneva T, Uzunova V, Sarafian V. YKL-40 in Healthy Subjects. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2010.10817825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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