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Abdulla MAJ, Aldapt MB, Chandra P, El Akiki S, Alshurafa A, Nashwan AJ, Fernyhough LJ, Sardar S, Chapra A, Yassin MA. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Adolescents and Young Adults: Clinicopathological Variables and Outcomes. Oncology 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39013365 DOI: 10.1159/000539982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) constitute a significant demographic group, particularly in regions with youthful populations like Qatar. Despite the global median age of CML diagnosis being 65 years, Qatar's age distribution reflects a younger cohort. This study investigates whether AYAs with CML exhibit distinct clinicopathological characteristics or outcomes compared to older age groups. METHODS A total of 224 CML patients were enrolled, including 114 AYAs (defined as ages 15 through 39). Demographic and clinical parameters, including gender, BMI, BCR-ABL1 transcript type, white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin level, platelet count, and spleen size, were compared between AYAs and older patients. Prognostic scoring systems (Sokal, Hasford, EUTOS, and ELTS) and molecular response rates (MMR and DMR) were also evaluated. RESULTS AYAs demonstrated higher WBC counts at diagnosis (median 142.3 vs. 120; p = 0.037) and lower hemoglobin levels (10.5 vs. 11.40; p = 0.004) compared to older patients. Spleen size was significantly larger in AYAs (18.8 vs. 15.5; p = 0.001). While AYAs showed better prognostic scores by Sokal and Hasford criteria, EUTOS and ELTS scores indicated comparable risk stratification. However, AYAs exhibited lower rates of MMR (56.7 vs. 73.4%; p = 0.016) and achieved MMR at a slower pace (median time 130 vs. 103 months; p = 0.064). Similarly, the percentage of DMR was lower in AYAs (37.1 vs. 46.8%; p = 0.175). CONCLUSION Despite their younger age, AYAs with CML displayed poorer prognoses compared to older patients. These findings underscore the importance of tailored management strategies for AYAs with CML to optimize outcomes in this distinct patient population. KEY POINT AYAs are underrepresented in CML studies and risk scores, so this is the focus of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A J Abdulla
- Department of Hematology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Internal Medicine Department, Ibn Sina Specialized Hospital, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Mahmood B Aldapt
- Internal Medicine Department, Unity Hospital, Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Prem Chandra
- Medical Research Center, Biostatistics Section, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Susanna El Akiki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Awni Alshurafa
- Department of Hematology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdulqadir J Nashwan
- Department of Nursing, Hazm Mebaireek General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Liam J Fernyhough
- Department of Hematology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sundus Sardar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammar Chapra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed A Yassin
- Department of Hematology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Al-Rabi K, Ma'koseh M, Al-Qadi F, Hanoon AA, Da'na W, Asha AJ, Abdel Rahman Z, Marie L, Shahin O, Ma'koseh R, Al-Ibraheem A, Zayed A, Yaseen A, Al-Rabee S, Farfoura H, Abdel-Razeq H. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of CML in Adolescents and Young Adults. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2024:S2152-2650(24)00208-8. [PMID: 38918115 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2024.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a disease of older adults, there is a growing population of adolescent and young adults (AYAs) with CML. This study evaluated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of CML in AYAs. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data from medical records of adults with chronic phase CML diagnosed and treated at our center from 2011until 2021were retrospectively analyzed. Age between 18 and 29 years was used to define AYAs. Response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), progression to accelerated phase (AP) or blast crisis (BC), event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between AYAs and older adults. RESULTS Among 163 patients included, 41 (25.1%) were AYAs. AYAs were more likely to be males (P = .02), to present with symptoms (P = .004), had a higher median white blood cell count (P = .007), neutrophil count (P = .029), eosinophil count (P = 0.01), low-risk Sokal (P = .033) and Hasford (P = .005) groups. TKI-sensitivity as well as median times for achievement of complete cytogenetic and major molecular response were comparable between both groups. After a median follow-up of 76 (range: 11-235) months, there was no difference in OS (P = .528), or cumulative incidence of transformation to accelerated phase or blast crisis (P = .11). On the other hand, AYA had an inferior EFS (P = .034). CONCLUSION A quarter of the patients diagnosed with CML in our population were AYAs. Despite being characterized as "lower-risk," they presented with a greater disease burden, had a shorter EFS but comparable OS. Further studies are needed to better understand the disease biology of this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Al-Rabi
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan; Departement of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Ma'koseh
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan; Departement of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Fadwa Al-Qadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ali A Hanoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Waleed Da'na
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdallah J Asha
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Zaid Abdel Rahman
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Lina Marie
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Omar Shahin
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Roa'a Ma'koseh
- Departement of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Akram Al-Ibraheem
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Anas Zayed
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abeer Yaseen
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Saleh Al-Rabee
- Departement of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, St. Martinus University, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - Heba Farfoura
- Department of Radiology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hikmat Abdel-Razeq
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan; Departement of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Chelysheva E, Apperley J, Turkina A, Yassin MA, Rea D, Nicolini FE, Barraco D, Kazakbaeva K, Saliev S, Abulafia AS, Al-Kindi S, Byrne J, Robertson HF, Cerrano M, Shmakov R, Polushkina E, de Fabritiis P, Trawinska MM, Abruzzese E. Chronic myeloid leukemia diagnosed in pregnancy: management and outcome of 87 patients reported to the European LeukemiaNet international registry. Leukemia 2024; 38:788-795. [PMID: 38388649 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02183-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) diagnosed during pregnancy is a rare and challenging situation. We report the treatment and outcome of 87 cases diagnosed in chronic phase from 2001-2022 derived from the largest international observational registry, supported by the European LeukemiaNet (ELN), of 400 pregnancies in 299 CML women. Normal childbirth occurred in 76% without an increased rate of birth abnormalities or life-threatening events, including in patients untreated or treated with interferon-α and/or imatinib in 2nd-3rd trimester. The low birth weight rate of 12% was comparable to that seen in the normal population. Elective and spontaneous abortions occurred in 21% and 3%, respectively. The complete hematologic response rate before labor was 95% with imatinib and 47% with interferon only. No disease progression during pregnancy was observed, 28% of the patients switched their therapy at varying times after delivery. Treatment options balance the efficacy and safety for mother and infant: interferon-α can commence in the 1st trimester and continued throughout in cases of good disease control and tolerability. Because of limited placental crossing, selected tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib and nilotinib) seem to be safe and effective options in 2nd and 3rd trimester while hydroxycarbamide offers few benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jane Apperley
- Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Turkina
- National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Mohamed A Yassin
- Department of Medical Oncology/ Hematology Section, National Centre For Cancer Care & Research, Doha, Qatar
| | - Delphine Rea
- Service d'hématologie Adulte and FiLMC Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Franck E Nicolini
- Hematology department and INSERM 1052 CRCL, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Daniela Barraco
- Division of Hematology, University Hospital "Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi - ASST Sette Laghi", Varese, Italy
| | - Khamida Kazakbaeva
- Republician Specilized Scientific and Practical Medical Centre of Hematology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Sukhrob Saliev
- Republician Specilized Scientific and Practical Medical Centre of Hematology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Adi Shacham Abulafia
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah-Tikva, Israel
| | - Salam Al-Kindi
- Department of Haematology, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Jennifer Byrne
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, England, UK
| | | | - Marco Cerrano
- Division of Hematology, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Roman Shmakov
- FSBI «National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I.Kulakov» Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Evgenia Polushkina
- FSBI «National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I.Kulakov» Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Paolo de Fabritiis
- Hematology, S. Eugenio Hospital, Tor Vergata University, ASL Roma2, Rome, Italy
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Ata F, Benkhadra M, Ghasoub R, Fernyhough LJ, Omar NE, Nashwan AJ, Aldapt MB, Mushtaq K, Kassem NA, Yassin MA. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia: a focused review of clinical trials. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1285346. [PMID: 38188307 PMCID: PMC10769570 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1285346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) is revolutionizing the management of pediatric Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), offering alternatives to Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (AHSCT). We conducted a comprehensive review of 16 Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) encompassing 887 pediatric CML patients treated with TKIs including Imatinib, Dasatinib, and Nilotinib. The median patient age ranged from 6.5 to 14 years, with a median white blood cell count of 234 x 10^9/uL, median hemoglobin level of 9.05 g/dL, and median platelet count of 431.5 x 10^9/µL. Imatinib seems to be predominant first line TKI, with the most extensive safety and efficacy data. BCR::ABL response rates below 10% ranged from 60% to 78%, CCyR at 24 months ranged from 62% to 94%, and PFS showed variability from 56.8% to 100%, albeit with differing analysis timepoints. The Safety profile of TKIs was consistent with the known safety profile in adults. With the availability of three TKIs as first line options, multiple factors should be considered when selecting first line TKI, including drug formulation, administration, comorbidities, and financial issues. Careful monitoring of adverse events, especially in growing children, should be considered in long term follow-up clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateen Ata
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maria Benkhadra
- Pharmacy Department, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rola Ghasoub
- Pharmacy Department, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Liam J. Fernyhough
- Department of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nabil E. Omar
- Pharmacy Department, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Health Sciences Program, Clinical and Population Health Research, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Mahmood B. Aldapt
- Department of Medicine, Unity Hospital/Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Kamran Mushtaq
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Nancy A. Kassem
- Pharmacy Department, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed A. Yassin
- Department of Medical Oncology/Hematology, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Mersin S, Gülük F, Gülcan E, Eşkazan AE. Current and emerging tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in young adults. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2023; 24:1703-1713. [PMID: 37482425 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2023.2240702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is more common in older adults, but nearly 15-20% of the patients is between 15 and 39 years of age. In this age group, patients may seek clinical care a much later period of the disease and they may have a heavier burden of disease. In addition, young patients with CML may face unique challenges related to their age, such as concerns about health care, fertility, or careers. The current standard of care for CML is the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which induce remission in most young patients and can achieve long-term disease control. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes age-specific treatment-related conditions, as well as the effectiveness of TKI therapy in this age group. PubMed, Google Scholar, clinicaltrials.gov and other abstract databases were used while preparing this review. The period of 2001-2023 was chosen as the search window. EXPERT OPINION Although we do not have sufficient data, young adult population has a special importance for TKI treatment. Clinical features, efficacy of treatments, and specific conditions in this age group should attract more attention of clinicians and more intensive studies should be conducted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Mersin
- Department of Hematology, Dr. Ersin Arslan Training and Research Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Fatih Gülük
- Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emirhan Gülcan
- Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Emre Eşkazan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Suttorp M, Sembill S, Kalwak K, Metzler M, Millot F. Priapism at Diagnosis of Pediatric Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Data Derived from a Large Cohort of Children and Teenagers and a Narrative Review on Priapism Management. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4776. [PMID: 37510891 PMCID: PMC10380995 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a very rare malignancy (age-related incidence 0.1/100,000) typically presenting with leucocyte counts >100,000/µL. However, clinical signs of leukostasis are observed at diagnosis in only approximately 10% of all cases and among these, priapism is infrequent. Here, we analyze data from pediatric CML registries on the occurrence of priapism heralding diagnosis of CML in 16/491 (3.2%) boys (median age 13.5 years, range 4-18) with pediatric CML. In the cohort investigated, duration of priapism resulting in a diagnosis of CML was not reported in 5 patients, and in the remaining 11 patients, occurred as stuttering priapism over 3 months (n = 1), over 6 weeks (n = 1), over 1-2 weeks (n = 2), over several days (n = 2), or 24 h (n = 1), while the remaining 4 boys reported continuous erection lasting over 11-12 h. All patients exhibited splenomegaly and massive leukocytosis (median WBC 470,000/µL, range 236,700-899,000). Interventions to treat priapism were unknown in 5 patients, and in the remaining cohort, comprised intravenous fluids ± heparin (n = 2), penile puncture (n = 5) ± injection of sympathomimetics (n = 4) ± intracavernous shunt operation (n = 1) paralleled by leukocyte-reductive measures. Management without penile puncture by leukapheresis or exchange transfusion was performed in 3 boys. In total, 7 out 15 (47%) long-term survivors (median age 20 years, range 19-25) responded to a questionnaire. All had maintained full erectile function; however, 5/7 had presented with stuttering priapism while in the remaining 2 patients priapism had lasted <12 h until intervention. At its extreme, low-flow priapism lasting for longer than 24 h may result in partial or total impotence by erectile dysfunction. This physical disability can exert a large psychological impact on patients' lives. In a narrative review fashion, we analyzed the literature on priapism in boys with CML which is by categorization stuttering or persisting as mostly painful, ischemic (low-flow) priapism. Details on the pathophysiology are discussed on the background of the different blood rheology of hyperleukocytosis in acute and chronic leukemias. In addition to the data collected, instructive case vignettes demonstrate the diagnostic and treatment approaches and the outcome of boys presenting with priapism. An algorithm for management of priapism in a stepwise fashion is presented. All approaches must be performed in parallel with cytoreductive treatment of leukostasis in CML which comprises leukapheresis and exchange transfusions ± cytotoxic chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meinolf Suttorp
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical Faculty, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephanie Sembill
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.S.); (M.M.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Kalwak
- Supraregional Center of Pediatric Oncology “Cape of Hope”, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Markus Metzler
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (S.S.); (M.M.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frederic Millot
- Inserm CIC 1402, University Hospital of Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, France;
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Iezza M, Cortesi S, Ottaviani E, Mancini M, Venturi C, Monaldi C, De Santis S, Testoni N, Soverini S, Rosti G, Cavo M, Castagnetti F. Prognosis in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Baseline Factors, Dynamic Risk Assessment and Novel Insights. Cells 2023; 12:1703. [PMID: 37443737 PMCID: PMC10341256 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has changed the treatment paradigm of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), leading to a dramatic improvement of the outcome of CML patients, who now have a nearly normal life expectancy and, in some selected cases, the possibility of aiming for the more ambitious goal of treatment-free remission (TFR). However, the minority of patients who fail treatment and progress from chronic phase (CP) to accelerated phase (AP) and blast phase (BP) still have a relatively poor prognosis. The identification of predictive elements enabling a prompt recognition of patients at higher risk of progression still remains among the priorities in the field of CML management. Currently, the baseline risk is assessed using simple clinical and hematologic parameters, other than evaluating the presence of additional chromosomal abnormalities (ACAs), especially those at "high-risk". Beyond the onset, a re-evaluation of the risk status is mandatory, monitoring the response to TKI treatment. Moreover, novel critical insights are emerging into the role of genomic factors, present at diagnosis or evolving on therapy. This review presents the current knowledge regarding prognostic factors in CML and their potential role for an improved risk classification and a subsequent enhancement of therapeutic decisions and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Iezza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche (DIMEC), Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (S.C.); (C.M.); (S.D.S.); (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Sofia Cortesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche (DIMEC), Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (S.C.); (C.M.); (S.D.S.); (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Emanuela Ottaviani
- Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli”, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (E.O.); (M.M.); (C.V.)
| | - Manuela Mancini
- Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli”, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (E.O.); (M.M.); (C.V.)
| | - Claudia Venturi
- Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli”, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (E.O.); (M.M.); (C.V.)
| | - Cecilia Monaldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche (DIMEC), Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (S.C.); (C.M.); (S.D.S.); (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Sara De Santis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche (DIMEC), Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (S.C.); (C.M.); (S.D.S.); (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Nicoletta Testoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche (DIMEC), Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (S.C.); (C.M.); (S.D.S.); (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
- Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli”, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (E.O.); (M.M.); (C.V.)
| | - Simona Soverini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche (DIMEC), Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (S.C.); (C.M.); (S.D.S.); (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Gianantonio Rosti
- Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy;
| | - Michele Cavo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche (DIMEC), Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (S.C.); (C.M.); (S.D.S.); (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
- Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli”, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (E.O.); (M.M.); (C.V.)
| | - Fausto Castagnetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche (DIMEC), Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (S.C.); (C.M.); (S.D.S.); (N.T.); (S.S.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
- Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli”, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (E.O.); (M.M.); (C.V.)
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Ashraf M, Naseeruddin G, Zahra SG, Sultan KA, Kamboh UA, Manzoor M, Farooq M, Ahmad M, Ashraf N. Intracerebral hemorrhage as the first symptomatic manifestation of chronic myeloid leukemia (chronic phase): A case report and literature review. Surg Neurol Int 2023; 14:5. [PMID: 36751457 PMCID: PMC9899481 DOI: 10.25259/sni_897_2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is mostly asymptomatic at diagnosis. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), as the first presentation of CML in its chronic phase (CP) has only once been reported in the literature. In addition, CML (CP) patients developing ICH are equally rare, with only eight cases reported. ICH is more commonly associated with CML progressing to its end stage (accelerated phase [AP] and blast crisis [BC]). The pathophysiology of ICH in CML-CP is postulated to be due to leukostasis, unlike in the CML-AP/BC, where thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy are the underlying mechanisms. This case adds to the scarce literature on a rare and challenging complication of ICH in CML-CP, especially as these patients tend to rebleed and management is uncertain. Case Description A 22-year-old male presented with a 2-week history of headaches and vomiting, associated with a 1-week history of the left-sided weakness. Initial blood work revealed hyperleukocytosis. The patient was investigated for CML with intracranial involvement. During his stay, his Glasgow coma score (GCS) dropped (from 14 to 11), prompting an urgent CT scan which revealed a large resolving ICH with perifocal edema and midline shift. A decompressive hemicraniectomy with expansion duraplasty was performed to alleviate the mass effect and reduce intracranial pressure. Three hours postoperatively, the patient developed an extradural hematoma which needed prompt evacuation. A postoperative CT revealed an improved midline shift, and after 7 days, his GCS improved to 15, and he began oncological treatment. Neurological symptoms were experienced by our patient at presentation with hyperleukocytosis on full blood count, which may implicate leukostasis as an underlying mechanism. Conclusion Even in the CP, CML patients presenting with mild neurological symptoms should be investigated to exclude intracranial bleeds. As these patients tend to rebleed, they should be conservatively managed unless there is a need to alleviate intracranial pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ashraf
- Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom,,Corresponding author: Mohammad Ashraf, Wolfson School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - Ghulam Naseeruddin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shah Gul Zahra
- School of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Ali Sultan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ahmad Kamboh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Manzoor
- Department of Oncology, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Minaam Farooq
- School of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ashraf
- Department of Neurosurgery, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
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9
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Nishiyama-Fujita Y, Nakazato T, Iriyama N, Tokuhira M, Ishikawa M, Sato E, Takaku T, Sugimoto K, Fujita H, Fujioka I, Tsuchiya S, Kimura Y, Iwanaga E, Komatsu N, Asou N, Kizaki M, Hatta Y, Kawaguchi T. Outcomes of adolescents and young adults with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Ann Med 2022; 54:1244-1254. [PMID: 35486442 PMCID: PMC9126594 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2069280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Few studies have reported the outcomes of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML-CP) on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analysed the clinical features, treatment response, and long-term outcomes of 42 AYA patients, in comparison to older patients. The initial therapies of AYA patients between 2001 and 2016 included imatinib (n = 24), dasatinib (n = 13) and nilotinib (n = 5). RESULTS In AYA patients, the peripheral blood (PB) white blood cell count and percentage of blasts at the diagnosis were significantly higher, haemoglobin levels were lower and the spleen size was larger. The major molecular response (MMR), event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were comparable. A sub-analysis comparing imatinib to second-generation TKIs as the initial therapy also showed that their prognosis was comparable. DISCUSSION In conclusion, the tumour burden at the diagnosis of CML-CP is higher in AYA patients; however, their prognosis was not worse in comparison to older patients treated with TKIs. KEY MESSAGESFew studies have reported the outcomes of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML-CP) on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This study showed the tumour burden at the diagnosis of CML-CP is higher in AYA pa tients; however, their prognosis was not worse in comparison to older patients treated with TKIs. Understanding the biological and non-biological features of AYA patients with CML-CP on TKI therapy is essential for better management and to improve the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomonori Nakazato
- Department of Hematology, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Iriyama
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michihide Tokuhira
- Department of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Maho Ishikawa
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Eriko Sato
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoiku Takaku
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiji Sugimoto
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Urayasu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujita
- Department of Hematology, Saiseikai Yokohama Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Isao Fujioka
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun Tsuchiya
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Kimura
- Department of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Eisaku Iwanaga
- Department of Hematology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Norio Komatsu
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Asou
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kizaki
- Department of Hematology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hatta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Rheumatology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kawaguchi
- Medical Technology, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
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10
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Anwer Ahmed A, Khaleel KJ, Abbas Fadhel A, Laftaah Al-Rubaii BA. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A retrospective study of clinical and pathological features. BIONATURA 2022. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2022.07.03.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), is one of the myeloproliferative disorders with a characteristic cytogenetic abnormality resulting in the BCR-ABL fusion gene. Imatinib Mesylate is an effective agent for treating patients in all stages of CML. According to the annual Iraqi cancer registry 2019, the total number of chronic myeloproliferative disorders was 338. The percentage and incidence rates were 0.94% and 0.86%, respectively, with a higher incidence rate in males than females (1.12 in males and 0.60 in females). In this registry, no details about CML, so this study aimed to estimate the number of CML patients who attended the national center of hematology from 2005 until 2020 and investigate their epidemiological and clinic-pathological data. All data were obtained from the National Center of Hematology /Baghdad. Data regarding annual admission, number of deaths, and information about age, regions, and sex, were collected from patient cards. Interview and history taking from the patient and reviewing their clinical features at diagnosis were performed, and then statistical analysis was achieved. Two hundred sixteen patients were registered as CML; among them, 163 are still alive, while 53 died. The mean age at diagnosis was 40.39 ±14.30, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.16. The pediatrics age group comprises 3.7% of total cases and 1.8 % and 9.4% in the alive and dead groups, respectively. The percentages of death were higher in the pediatric age group, 62,5%( 5 /8), followed by the patient group who were ≥60 years, 42.1%(8/19), while it was the least in adults < 60 years, 21.1% (40/189). In conclusion, the studied patients with CML were younger than the globally reported ages at diagnosis, with predominant female patients. Females had better survival, while children and the elderly were the worse. Most patients were symptomatic at diagnosis; however, a good outcome is achieved when treated with IM.
Keywords: CML, Imatinib, leukemia,
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khaleed J. Khaleel
- Iraqi Center for cancer and medical genetics research/ Mustansiriyah University, Iraq
| | - Alaa Abbas Fadhel
- Al-Mussaib technical college/ Al-FuratAl-Awsat Technical University, Iraq
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11
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Baccarani M, Bonifazi F, Soverini S, Castagnetti F, Gugliotta G, Saber W, Estrada-Merly N, Rosti G, Gale RP. Questions concerning tyrosine kinase-inhibitor therapy and transplants in chronic phase chronic myeloid leukaemia. Leukemia 2022; 36:1227-1236. [PMID: 35338251 PMCID: PMC9061294 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this provocative commentary, we consider several questions posed by the late chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) expert Prof. Michele Baccarani, which he challenged us to address after his death. He noted only a small proportion of people with chronic phase CML receiving tyrosine kinase-inhibitor (TKI)-therapy are likely to achieve sustained therapy-free remission (TFR) and even fewer are likely to be cured. Persons most likely to fail TKItherapy can be identified at diagnosis or soon after starting TKI-therapy. These persons are likely to need lifetime TKI-therapy with attendant risks of adverse events, cost and psychological consequences. Allogeneic transplants achieve much higher rates of leukaemia-free survival compared with TKI-therapy but are associated with transplant-related adverse events including an almost 20 percent risk of transplant-related deaths within 1 year post-transplant and a compromised quality-of-life because of complications such as chronic graft-versus-host disease. Subject-, disease- and transplant-related co-variates associated with transplant outcomes are known with reasonable accuracy. Not everyone likely to fail TKI-therapy is a transplant candidate. However, in those who candidates are physicians and patients need to weigh benefits and risks of TKI-therapy versus a transplant. We suggest transplants should be more often considered in the metric when counseling people with chronic phase CML unlikely to achieve TFR with TKI-therapy. We question whether we are discounting a possible important therapy intervention; we think so.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Baccarani
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero -Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Hematology 'Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli', University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Simona Soverini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Hematology 'Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli', University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fausto Castagnetti
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero -Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Hematology 'Lorenzo e Ariosto Seràgnoli', University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Wael Saber
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research), Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Noel Estrada-Merly
- Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research), Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Robert Peter Gale
- Haematology Research Centre, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
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12
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The Cytogenetic Landscape of Pediatric Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Diagnosed in Chronic Phase. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071712. [PMID: 35406484 PMCID: PMC8997049 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the translocation of the chromosomes 9 and 22. Additional non-Philadelphia aberrations of chromosomes (nPhAs) and their prognostic relevance for the disease course are comparably well known in adult patients with CML. However, due to the rarity of CML in children and adolescents, nPhAs have hardly been determined systematically in these age groups. Here, we present a large analysis of nPhAs detected in a cohort of 161 patients younger than 18 years who had been diagnosed with CML in chronic phase and enrolled in the German national CML-PAED-II registry. We found a distinct distribution of nPhAs in this pediatric cohort with possible impact on treatment response whereas the survival remained unaffected. Our findings emphasize differences in the disease biology between pediatric and adult patients and prompt further joint international efforts to acquire more data on the disease in this age group. Abstract Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is cytogenetically characterized by the classic translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11), whereas additional non-Philadelphia aberrations (nPhAs) have been studied extensively in adult patients with CML, knowledge on nPhAs in pediatric patients with CML is still sparse. Here, we have determined nPhAs in a cohort of 161 patients younger than 18 years diagnosed with chronic phase CML and consecutively enrolled in the German national CML-PAED-II registry. In 150 cases (93%), an informative cytogenetic analysis had been performed at diagnosis. In total, 21 individuals (13%) showed nPhAs. Of these, 12 (8%) had a variant translocation, 4 (3%) additional chromosomal aberrations (ACAs) and 5 (3%) harbored a complex karyotype. Chromosome 15 was recurrently involved in variant translocations. No significant impact of the cytogenetic subgroup on the time point of cytogenetic response was observed. Patients with a complex karyotype showed an inferior molecular response compared to patients carrying the classic translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11), variant translocations or ACAs. No significant differences in the probability of progression-free survival and overall survival was found between patients with nPhAs and patients with the classic Philadelphia translocation only. Our results highlight the distinct biology of pediatric CML and underline the need for joint international efforts to acquire more data on the disease pathogenesis in this age group.
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13
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Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model predictions of natural product-drug interactions between goldenseal, berberine, imatinib and bosutinib. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 78:597-611. [DOI: 10.1007/s00228-021-03266-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Adiwidjaja J, Gross AS, Boddy AV, McLachlan AJ. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model predictions of inter-ethnic differences in imatinib pharmacokinetics and dosing regimens. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 88:1735-1750. [PMID: 34535920 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study implements a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling approach to investigate inter-ethnic differences in imatinib pharmacokinetics and dosing regimens. METHODS A PBPK model of imatinib was built in the Simcyp Simulator (version 17) integrating in vitro drug metabolism and clinical pharmacokinetic data. The model accounts for ethnic differences in body size and abundance of drug-metabolising enzymes and proteins involved in imatinib disposition. Utility of this model for prediction of imatinib pharmacokinetics was evaluated across different dosing regimens and ethnic groups. The impact of ethnicity on imatinib dosing was then assessed based on the established range of trough concentrations (Css,min ). RESULTS The PBPK model of imatinib demonstrated excellent predictive performance in describing pharmacokinetics and the attained Css,min in patients from different ethnic groups, shown by prediction differences that were within 1.25-fold of the clinically-reported values in published studies. PBPK simulation suggested a similar dose of imatinib (400-600 mg/d) to achieve the desirable range of Css,min (1000-3200 ng/mL) in populations of European, Japanese and Chinese ancestry. The simulation indicated that patients of African ancestry may benefit from a higher initial dose (600-800 mg/d) to achieve imatinib target concentrations, due to a higher apparent clearance (CL/F) of imatinib compared to other ethnic groups; however, the clinical data to support this are currently limited. CONCLUSION PBPK simulations highlighted a potential ethnic difference in the recommended initial dose of imatinib between populations of European and African ancestry, but not populations of Chinese and Japanese ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffry Adiwidjaja
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Annette S Gross
- Clinical Pharmacology Modelling & Simulation, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alan V Boddy
- UniSA Cancer Research Institute and UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Andrew J McLachlan
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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15
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Specchia G, Pregno P, Breccia M, Castagnetti F, Monagheddu C, Bonifacio M, Tiribelli M, Stagno F, Caocci G, Martino B, Luciano L, Pizzuti M, Gozzini A, Scortechini AR, Albano F, Bergamaschi M, Capodanno I, Patriarca A, Fava C, Rege-Cambrin G, Sorà F, Galimberti S, Bocchia M, Binotto G, Reddiconto G, DiTonno P, Maggi A, Sanpaolo G, De Candia MS, Giai V, Abruzzese E, Miggiano MC, La Barba G, Pietrantuono G, Guella A, Levato L, Mulas O, Saccona F, Rosti G, Musto P, Di Raimondo F, Pane F, Baccarani M, Saglio G, Ciccone G. Prognostic Factors for Overall Survival In Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients: A Multicentric Cohort Study by the Italian CML GIMEMA Network. Front Oncol 2021; 11:739171. [PMID: 34513714 PMCID: PMC8427308 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.739171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An observational prospective study was conducted by the CML Italian network to analyze the role of baseline patient characteristics and first line treatments on overall survival and CML-related mortality in 1206 newly diagnosed CML patients, 608 treated with imatinib (IMA) and 598 with 2nd generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (2GTKI). IMA-treated patients were much older (median age 69 years, IQR 58-77) than the 2GTKI group (52, IQR 41-63) and had more comorbidities. Estimated 4-year overall survival of the entire cohort was 89% (95%CI 85.9-91.4). Overall, 73 patients (6.1%) died: 17 (2.8%) in the 2GTKI vs 56 (9.2%) in the IMA cohort (adjusted HR=0.50; 95% CI=0.26-0.94), but no differences were detected for CML-related mortality (10 (1.7%) vs 11 (1.8%) in the 2GTKIs vs IMA cohort (sHR=1.61; 0.52-4.96). The ELTS score was associated to CML mortality (high risk vs low, HR=9.67; 95%CI 2.94-31.74; p<0.001), while age (per year, HR=1.03; 95%CI 1.00-1.06; p=0.064), CCI (4-5 vs 2, HR=5.22; 95%CI 2.56-10.65; p<0.001), ELTS score (high risk vs low, HR=3.11; 95%CI 1.52-6.35, p=0.002) and 2GTKI vs IMA (HR=0.26; 95%CI 0.10-0.65, p=0.004) were associated to an increased risk of non-related CML mortality. The ELTS score showed a better discriminant ability than the Sokal score in all comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgina Specchia
- Former Full Professor of Hematology- University of Bari Aldo Moro" Bari GIMEMA WP CML, Bari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pregno
- Haematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Massimo Breccia
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Fausto Castagnetti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Monagheddu
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit and CPO Piemonte, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Mario Tiribelli
- Division of Hematology and BMT, Department of Medical Area, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Fabio Stagno
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria (AOU) Policlinico-V. Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Caocci
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Businco Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Bruno Martino
- Haematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera "Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli", Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Luigiana Luciano
- Haematology Unit "Federico II", University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Pizzuti
- Department of Hematology, "San Carlo" Regional Hospital, Potenza, Italy
| | - Antonella Gozzini
- Haematology Unit, AOU Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Scortechini
- Division of Hematology, Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Albano
- Department of Emergency and Transplantation, Hematology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Isabella Capodanno
- Department of Hematology, Azienda UNITà SANITARIA LOCALE (USL)-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Patriarca
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Carmen Fava
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Federica Sorà
- Institute of Hematology, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Galimberti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unità Operativa (UO) Haematology, AOU Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Monica Bocchia
- Haematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Reddiconto
- Department of Ematologia, Lecce Ematologia Ospedale Vito Fazzi, Lecce, Italy
| | - Paolo DiTonno
- Haematology Unit, National Cancer Center, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Grazia Sanpaolo
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Giai
- Haematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Abruzzese
- Hemoglobinopathies Unit, Hematology Department, S. Eugenio Hospital (ASL Roma 2), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gaetano La Barba
- Department of Hematology, "Spirito Santo" Hospital, Pescara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pietrantuono
- Hematology Oncology, IRCCS Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Anna Guella
- Hematology Unit, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Luciano Levato
- Haematology Unit, A. Pugliese Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Pugliese Ciaccio, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Olga Mulas
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Businco Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabio Saccona
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit and CPO Piemonte, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Gianantonio Rosti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Department of Emergency and Transplantation, Hematology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Raimondo
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria (AOU) Policlinico-V. Emanuele, Catania, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Pane
- Haematology Unit "Federico II", University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Baccarani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovannino Ciccone
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit and CPO Piemonte, Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
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16
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Tadesse F, Asres G, Abubeker A, Gebremedhin A, Radich J. Spectrum of BCR-ABL Mutations and Treatment Outcomes in Ethiopian Imatinib-Resistant Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. JCO Glob Oncol 2021; 7:1187-1193. [PMID: 34292760 PMCID: PMC8457809 DOI: 10.1200/go.21.00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the successes achieved in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy, resistance remains an obstacle. The most common mechanism of resistance is the acquisition of a point mutation in the BCR-ABL kinase domain. Few studies have reported African patients with CML in regard to such mutations. We here report the types of BCR-ABL mutations in Ethiopian imatinib-resistant patients with CML and their outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Getahun Asres
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Abdulaziz Abubeker
- Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Amha Gebremedhin
- Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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17
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Dou X, Zheng F, Zhang L, Jin J, Zhang Y, Liu B, Meng L, Zhu X, Lu Z, Jia Y, Liu H, Lin H, Zhou L, Zhao X, Yang W, Sun H, Qian S, Ma H, Du X, Bai Q, Xu N, Meng F, Jia Z, Di H, Zhang L, Jiang Q. Adolescents experienced more treatment failure than children with chronic myeloid leukemia receiving imatinib as frontline therapy: a retrospective multicenter study. Ann Hematol 2021; 100:2215-2228. [PMID: 34089385 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-021-04544-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To explore the differences in the clinical features, treatment responses, and outcomes among children, adolescents, and adults with chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase (CML-CP) receiving imatinib as first-line therapy. Data from children (0-8 years for girls and 0-10 years for boys), adolescents (9-19 years for girls and 11-19 years for boys), and adults (age ≥ 20 years) with newly diagnosed CML-CP receiving imatinib as first-line therapy between 2006 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. In total, 135 children (cohort 1), 189 adolescents (cohort 2), and 658 adults (cohort 3: age 20-39 years, n = 305; cohort 4: age 40-59 years, n = 270; and cohort 5: age 60-83 years, n = 83) were included in this study. When compared with children, adolescents showed a significantly higher white blood cell count (P = 0.033) and basophil percentage in peripheral blood (P = 0.002) and a significantly higher prevalence of splenomegaly (P = 0.004). Both children and adolescents presented with more aggressive clinical features than adults. During median follow-ups of 28 months (range, 3-161 months) in children, 33 months (range, 3-152 months) in adolescents, and 48 months (range, 3-157 months) in adults, multivariate analysis showed that children and adolescents had higher probabilities of achieving complete cytogenetic response, major molecular response, and molecular response4.5. Notably, compared with not only adults (cohort 3 vs. cohort 1: HR = 2.03 [1.03, 3.98], P = 0.040; cohort 4 vs. cohort 1: HR = 2.15 [1.07, 4.33], P = 0.033; cohort 5 vs. cohort 1: HR = 4.22 [1.94, 9.15], P < 0.001) but also adolescents (cohort 2 vs. cohort 1: HR = 2.36 [1.18, 4.72], P = 0.015), children had significantly longer failure-free survival. Age was not associated with progression-free survival or overall survival. Although they exhibited more aggressive clinical features at diagnosis, both children and adolescents achieved superior treatment responses than adults. Adolescents showed even more adverse features and a poor FFS than children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelin Dou
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyuan Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liqiang Zhang
- Hematology and Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang University First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan, China
| | - Bingcheng Liu
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Meng
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhu
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Zesheng Lu
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yueping Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huilan Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China: Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Jilin University First Hospital, Jilin, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xielan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Hematology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University First Affiliated Hospital, Henan, China
| | - Sixuan Qian
- Department of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Nanjing Hospital: Nanjing First Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Hematology, The Third People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingxian Bai
- Department of Hematology, Xijing Hospital, Shanxi, China
| | - Na Xu
- Department of Hematology, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Fanjun Meng
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong, China
| | - Zhilin Jia
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning, China
| | - Haixia Di
- Department of Hematology, Langfang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Leping Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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18
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Suttorp M, Millot F, Sembill S, Deutsch H, Metzler M. Definition, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Essential Criteria for Diagnosis of Pediatric Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040798. [PMID: 33672937 PMCID: PMC7917817 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The low incidence (1:1,000,000) of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in the first two decades of life presents an obstacle to accumulation of pediatric experience and knowledge on this leukemia. Biological features of CML are shared but also differing between adult and pediatric patients. This review aims; (i) to define the disease based on an unified terminology, (ii) to list the diseases to be considered as a differential diagnosis in children, (iii) to outlines the morphological, histopathological and immuno-phenotypical findings of pediatric CML, (iv) to illustrate rare but classical complications resulting from high white cell and platelet counts at diagnosis, and (v) to recommend a uniform approach for the diagnostic procedures to be applied. Evidently, only a clear detailed picture of all relevant features can lay the basis for standardized treatment approaches. Abstract Depending on the analytical tool applied, the hallmarks of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are the Philadelphia Chromosome and the resulting mRNA fusion transcript BCR-ABL1. With an incidence of 1 per 1 million of children this malignancy is very rare in the first 20 years of life. This article aims to; (i) define the disease based on the WHO nomenclature, the appropriate ICD 11 code and to unify the terminology, (ii) delineate features of epidemiology, etiology, and pathophysiology that are shared, but also differing between adult and pediatric patients with CML, (iii) give a short summary on the diseases to be considered as a differential diagnosis of pediatric CML, (iv) to describe the morphological, histopathological and immunophenotypical findings of CML in pediatric patients, (v) illustrate rare but classical complications resulting from rheological problems observed at diagnosis, (vi) list essential and desirable diagnostic criteria, which hopefully in the future will help to unify the attempts when approaching this rare pediatric malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meinolf Suttorp
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Medical Faculty, Technical University Dresden, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-351-458-3522; Fax: +49-351-458-5864
| | - Frédéric Millot
- Inserm CIC 1402, University Hospital Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France; (F.M.); (H.D.)
| | - Stephanie Sembill
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, D-91504 Erlangen, Germany; (S.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Hélène Deutsch
- Inserm CIC 1402, University Hospital Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France; (F.M.); (H.D.)
| | - Markus Metzler
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, D-91504 Erlangen, Germany; (S.S.); (M.M.)
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19
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Identification of Immunological Parameters as Predictive Biomarkers of Relapse in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia on Treatment-Free Remission. J Clin Med 2020; 10:jcm10010042. [PMID: 33375572 PMCID: PMC7795332 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BCR-ABL is an aberrant tyrosine kinase responsible for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) induce a potent antileukemic response mostly based on the inhibition of BCR-ABL, but they also increase the activity of Natural Killer (NK) and CD8+ T cells. After several years, patients may interrupt treatment due to sustained, deep molecular response. By unknown reasons, half of the patients relapse during treatment interruption, whereas others maintain a potent control of the residual leukemic cells for several years. In this study, several immunological parameters related to sustained antileukemic control were analyzed. According to our results, the features more related to poor antileukemic control were as follows: low levels of cytotoxic cells such as NK, (Natural Killer T) NKT and CD8±TCRγβ+ T cells; low expression of activating receptors on the surface of NK and NKT cells; impaired synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines or proteases from NK cells; and HLA-E*0103 homozygosis and KIR haplotype BX. A Random Forest algorithm predicted 90% of the accuracy for the classification of CML patients in groups of relapse or non-relapse according to these parameters. Consequently, these features may be useful as biomarkers predictive of CML relapse in patients that are candidates to initiate treatment discontinuation.
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20
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Abstract
New insights have emerged from maturing long-term academic and commercial clinical trials regarding optimum management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Velocity of response has unexpectedly proved less important than hitherto thought, does not predict survival, and is of unclear relevance for treatment-free remission (TFR). Serious and cumulative toxicity has been observed with tyrosine kinase inhibitors that had been expected to replace imatinib. Generic imatinib has become cost-effective first-line treatment in chronic phase despite chronic low-grade side-effects in many patients. Earlier recognition of end-phase by genetic assessment might improve prospects for blast crisis (BC). TFR has become an important new treatment goal of CML. To reflect this new situation ELN has recently revised and updated its recommendations for treating CML. After a brief review of 175 years of CML history this review will focus on recent developments and on current evidence for treating CML in 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Hehlmann
- ELN Foundation, Weinheim; Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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21
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Meyran D, Petit A, Guilhot J, Suttorp M, Sedlacek P, De Bont E, Li CK, Kalwak K, Lausen B, Culic S, de Moerloose B, Biondi A, Millot F. Lymphoblastic predominance of blastic phase in children with chronic myeloid leukaemia treated with imatinib: A report from the I-CML-Ped Study. Eur J Cancer 2020; 137:224-234. [PMID: 32799036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a rare disease in children. The frequency and outcome of children evolving to accelerated phase (AP) or blastic phase (BP) under treatment with imatinib is unknown. The aim of the current study is to assess the incidence of progression from CML in chronic phase with imatinib frontline in a paediatric setting and describe the management and outcome of these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the I-CML-Ped Study database (www.clinicaltrials.gov, #NCT01281735), 19 of 339 paediatric patients in chronic phase treated with imatinib in the frontline evolved to CML-AP or CML-BP. RESULTS With a median follow-up of 38 months (range: 2-190 months), the cumulative incidence of progression at 1 and 3 years was 3% (confidence interval [CI] 95%: 1-5%) and 7% (CI 95%: 4-11%), respectively. We observed a large predominance of lymphoid-BP (70%) over myeloid-BP (30%) with imatinib in frontline therapy. Sixteen patients underwent haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and eight were treated with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor after transplant. Only the transplanted patients are alive. The 5-year overall survival rate of children with CML-AP/BP is 44%, with no statistical difference between the lymphoid-BP and myeloid-BP outcome. CONCLUSION Children evolving to AP or BP under treatment with imatinib have a very poor prognosis with an overall survival under 50%, much worse than children with advanced phase at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Meyran
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Arnaud Petit
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | | | - Meinolf Suttorp
- Medical Faculty, Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Technical University, Dresden, Germany
| | - Petr Sedlacek
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eveline De Bont
- Departments of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Chi Kong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Krzysztof Kalwak
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Birgitte Lausen
- Department of Pediatrics, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Srdjana Culic
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology Immunology and Medical Genetics, Clinical Hospital Split, Croatia
| | | | - Andrea Biondi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
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22
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Knöfler R, Lange BS, Paul F, Tiebel O, Suttorp M. Bleeding signs due to acquired von Willebrand syndrome at diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukaemia in children. Br J Haematol 2019; 188:701-706. [PMID: 31617211 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A considerable proportion of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) may present at diagnosis with high platelet counts. This may result in thrombosis or bleeding complications due to binding of von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers to platelets. Paediatric CML is very rare and no systematic investigation on clinical complications of elevated platelets has been reported. Data on platelet count and associated haemostaseological complications were retrospectively analysed in a cohort of 156 children with CML. Fifty-one percent (81/156) patients presented with thrombocytosis (platelet count> 500 × 109 /l), and were extreme (>1 000 × 109 /l) in 23/156 (16%). There were no cases of thrombosis but mild bleeding signs were present in 12% (n = 9) children with thrombocytosis. Bleeding occurred without correlation to elevated platelet counts and was associated with reduced large VWF multimers, indicating a diagnosis of acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS), which resolved after initiation of CML treatment. Patients with paediatric CML frequently exhibit high platelet counts not resulting in thrombosis. In patients with thrombocytosis mild bleeding signs due to a low percentage of large VWF multimers can be demonstrated. AVWS may be underdiagnosed in paediatric CML (Clinical-Trials.gov NCT00445822, 9 March 2007).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Knöfler
- Division of Paediatric Haemostaseology, Department of Paediatrics, Univ.-Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University, Dresden, Germany.,Division of Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, Univ.-Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University, Dresden, Germany
| | - Björn S Lange
- Division of Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, Univ.-Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Paul
- Division of Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, Univ.-Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University, Dresden, Germany
| | - Oliver Tiebel
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Univ.-Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University, Dresden, Germany
| | - Meinolf Suttorp
- Division of Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, Univ.-Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University, Dresden, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, Technical University, Dresden, Germany
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23
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Belohlavkova P, Steinerova K, Karas M, Skoumalova I, Rohon P, Indrak K, Voglova J, Vrbacky F, Cmunt E, Necasova T, Kristkova Z, Trneny M, Zak P, Papajik T, Faber E. First-line imatinib in elderly patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia from the CAMELIA registry: Age and dose still matter. Leuk Res 2019; 81:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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24
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P. P, Samal R, Ghose S. Chronic myeloid leukaemia in pregnancy: call for guidelines. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2019; 39:582-583. [DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2018.1534815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavee P.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed-to-be-University), Puducherry, India
| | - Rupal Samal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed-to-be-University), Puducherry, India
| | - Seetesh Ghose
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed-to-be-University), Puducherry, India
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25
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Claudiani S, Apperley JF. The argument for using imatinib in CML. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2018; 2018:161-167. [PMID: 30504305 PMCID: PMC6246007 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2018.1.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
June 2018 was the 20th anniversary of the clinical use of the first tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), imatinib, for chronic myeloid leukemia. Since then, the change in prognosis for patients with this disease is one of the major success stories of modern cancer medicine. The dilemmas that face physicians and patients are no longer only those concerned with delaying inevitable progression to the terminal blastic phase or selecting the individuals most likely to benefit from allogeneic stem-cell transplantation; rather, they are now focused also on the choice of TKI, the management of comorbidities and adverse effects, strategies to improve quality of life, and the appropriateness of a trial of therapy discontinuation. Interestingly, with 4 TKIs approved for frontline use, the choice of initial therapy continues to cause controversy, a situation made more complicated by the tantalizing prospect of treatment-free remission. In this manuscript, we will explore the factors influencing this decision and try to provide a pragmatic and clinically applicable solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Claudiani
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; and
- Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jane F. Apperley
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; and
- Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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26
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Yanamandra U, Sahu KK, Karunakaran P, Katoch D, Jain N, Khadwal A, Prakash G, Lad D, Naseem S, Varma N, Varma S, Malhotra P. Adolescent and Young Adult Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Real-World Settings: Experience from a Tertiary Care Institute in Northern India. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2018; 8:94-97. [PMID: 30383979 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2018.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The data on adolescent and young adult chronic myeloid leukemia (AYA-CML) from the Indian subcontinent are scarce. We studied characteristics of AYA-CML through a retrospective analysis of 1950 CML patients registered to a tertiary care hospital in Northern India. AYA-CML represented 22.1% of all CML patients, with cumulative overall survival (OS) of 84%, and 1 and 8 years OS of 94.2% and 74.2%, respectively. Of all cases, 8.91% patients had advanced disease at the time of diagnosis, and 13.95% had myelofibrosis in the diagnostic marrow, 79.6% had complete cytogenetic response (CCyR), and 84.5% had major molecular response (MMR). Loss of CCyR and MMR was noted in 37.2% and 28.4%, respectively. The cumulative OS was significantly better in patients on patient assistance program, and they were initiated on therapy within 3 months of symptom onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Yanamandra
- 1 Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant, Army Hospital (Research & Referral), Delhi, India
| | - Kamal Kant Sahu
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine (Clinical Hematology Division), PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Parathan Karunakaran
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine (Clinical Hematology Division), PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deeksha Katoch
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine (Clinical Hematology Division), PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nidhi Jain
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine (Clinical Hematology Division), PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Alka Khadwal
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine (Clinical Hematology Division), PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gaurav Prakash
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine (Clinical Hematology Division), PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepesh Lad
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine (Clinical Hematology Division), PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shano Naseem
- 3 Department of Hematology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neelam Varma
- 3 Department of Hematology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Subhash Varma
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine (Clinical Hematology Division), PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pankaj Malhotra
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine (Clinical Hematology Division), PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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27
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Suttorp M, Schulze P, Glauche I, Göhring G, von Neuhoff N, Metzler M, Sedlacek P, de Bont ESJM, Balduzzi A, Lausen B, Aleinikova O, Sufliarska S, Henze G, Strauss G, Eggert A, Kremens B, Groll AH, Berthold F, Klein C, Groß-Wieltsch U, Sykora KW, Borkhardt A, Kulozik AE, Schrappe M, Nowasz C, Krumbholz M, Tauer JT, Claviez A, Harbott J, Kreipe HH, Schlegelberger B, Thiede C. Front-line imatinib treatment in children and adolescents with chronic myeloid leukemia: results from a phase III trial. Leukemia 2018; 32:1657-1669. [PMID: 29925908 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0179-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A total of 156 patients (age range 1.3-18.0 years, median 13.2 years; 91 (58.3%) male) with newly diagnosed CML (N = 146 chronic phase (CML-CP), N = 3 accelerated phase (CML-AP), N = 7 blastic phase (CML-BP)) received imatinib up-front (300, 400, 500 mg/m2, respectively) within a prospective phase III trial. Therapy response, progression-free survival, causes of treatment failure, and side effects were analyzed in 148 children and adolescents with complete data. Event-free survival rate by 18 months for patients in CML-CP (median follow-up time 25 months, range: 1-120) was 97% (95% CI, 94.2-99.9%). According to the 2006 ELN-criteria complete hematologic response by month 3, complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) by month 12, and major molecular response (MMR) by month 18 were achieved in 98, 63, and 59% of the patients, respectively. By month 36, 86% of the patients achieved CCyR and 74% achieved MMR. Thirty-eight patients (27%) experienced imatinib failure because of unsatisfactory response or intolerance (N = 9). In all, 28/148 patients (19%) underwent stem cell transplantation (SCT). In the SCT sub-cohort 2/23 patients diagnosed in CML-CP, 0/1 in CML-AP, and 2/4 in CML-BP, respectively, died of relapse (N = 3) or SCT-related complications (N = 2). This large pediatric trial extends and confirms data from smaller series that first-line imatinib in children is highly effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meinolf Suttorp
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital "Carl Gustav Carus", TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Philipp Schulze
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine "Carl Gustav Carus", TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ingmar Glauche
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine "Carl Gustav Carus", TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gudrun Göhring
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nils von Neuhoff
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisberg, Germany
| | - Markus Metzler
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Petr Sedlacek
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Teaching Hospital Motol, 2nd Medical School, Charles University Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eveline S J M de Bont
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Dutch Childhood Oncology Group (DCOG), The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Adriana Balduzzi
- Pediatric Hematology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Clinica Pediatrica Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Birgitte Lausen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Olga Aleinikova
- Belarus Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Immunology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Sabina Sufliarska
- Department of Pediatrics, BMT Unit, Comenius University Children's Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Günter Henze
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Charité Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriele Strauss
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Charité Berlin, Germany.,Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Helios KlinikenBerlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Eggert
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Charité Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kremens
- Department of Pediatrics III, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisberg, Germany
| | - Andreas H Groll
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Berthold
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Klein
- University Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Ute Groß-Wieltsch
- Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Klinikum Stuttgart-Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Karl Walter Sykora
- Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas E Kulozik
- Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Immunology, University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schrappe
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christina Nowasz
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital "Carl Gustav Carus", TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manuela Krumbholz
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Josephine T Tauer
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital "Carl Gustav Carus", TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Shriners Hospitals for Children, Montréal, Canada
| | - Alexander Claviez
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jochen Harbott
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hans H Kreipe
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Christian Thiede
- Medical Department I, University Hospital "Carl Gustav Carus", TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Latagliata R, Breccia M, Carmosino I, Cesini L, De Benedittis D, Mohamed S, Vozella F, Molica M, Campanelli M, De Luca ML, Colafigli G, Quattrocchi L, Loglisci MG, Massaro F, Canichella M, Diverio D, Mancini M, Alimena G, Foà R. Clinical results according to age in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia receiving imatinib frontline: The younger, the later, the worse? Eur J Haematol 2018; 101:578-584. [PMID: 29896890 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate differences in clinical results according to age among patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). METHODS 207 consecutive CML patients treated with imatinib frontline were revised, dividing them in young adults (>20 < 45 years) (YA), middle-aged adults (≥45 < 65 years) (MA) and elderly (≥65 years) (EL). RESULTS Cumulative incidence of complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) and major molecular response (MMolR) were significantly higher in MA compared with YA and EL (P < .001 for CCyR and P = .001 for MMolR). Number of total events was lower in MA (8 [11.1%] vs 21 [34.4%] in YA and 28 [37.8%] in EL, P = .001): no difference was observed for blastic evolution (P = .478). Number of deaths was higher in the EL (12 [16.2%] vs 2 [3.2%] in YA and 0 in MA, P < .001): however, 11/12 deaths in EL were not related to CML. The PFS curve in MA was significantly longer than in YA and in EL (P = .02). The OS curve in EL was significantly shorter than in YA and in MA (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Age at diagnosis influences significantly the course of CML patients treated with imatinib: a possible explanation of the counterintuitive worse course in YA is the delayed diagnosis compared to elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Latagliata
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Breccia
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ida Carmosino
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Cesini
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela De Benedittis
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Mohamed
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Vozella
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Molica
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Melissa Campanelli
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia De Luca
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gioia Colafigli
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Quattrocchi
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Loglisci
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvio Massaro
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Canichella
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Diverio
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Mancini
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuliana Alimena
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Robin Foà
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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29
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Real-life Experience With Ponatinib in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Multicenter Observational Study. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2018; 18:e295-e301. [PMID: 29773429 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The strict recruitment criteria of patients for clinical trials often lead to reduced generalizability of the findings. We studied how ponatinib is used outside clinical trials in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). PATIENTS AND METHODS The present retrospective study included all patients with a diagnosis of CML who had received ponatinib in 7 medical centers in Israel. RESULTS From 2011 to 2016, we identified 37 patients with CML who had received ponatinib, 21 in the chronic phase and 16 in the advanced phase. Only 9 patients (26%) harbored the T315I (threonine to isoleucine mutation at position 315) mutation. All patients had received ≥ 1 previous tyrosine kinase inhibitor. The median age in our cohort was 43 years (range, 9-82 years), significantly younger than expected for patients with relapsed or refractory CML and 20 years younger than the median age of patients who participated in the PACE (ponatinib Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia and CML evaluation) trial. During a median follow-up of 14 months (range, 1-51 months), the overall response rate was 85%. Of 34 patients, 16 (47%) experienced at least a major molecular response. Of the 37 total patients, another 16 patients (43%) discontinued treatment because of disease progression (n = 6), vascular complications (n = 1), severe cytopenia (n = 2), or for other reasons (n = 7). CONCLUSION In real life, ponatinib is a "niche-drug" reserved for a unique population of exceptionally young patients with CML with or without the T315I mutation. In this highly selected group, very different from the PACE cohort, ponatinib achieved high overall response rates.
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30
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Gore L, Kearns PR, de Martino ML, Lee, De Souza CA, Bertrand Y, Hijiya N, Stork LC, Chung NG, Cardos RC, Saikia T, Fagioli F, Seo JJ, Landman-Parker J, Lancaster D, Place AE, Rabin KR, Sacchi M, Swanink R, Zwaan CM. Dasatinib in Pediatric Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Chronic Phase: Results From a Phase II Trial. J Clin Oncol 2018; 36:1330-1338. [PMID: 29498925 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.75.9597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Safe, effective treatments are needed for pediatric patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP). Dasatinib is approved for treatment of adults and children with CML-CP. A phase I study determined suitable dosing for children with Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) leukemias. Methods CA180-226/NCT00777036 is a phase II, open-label, nonrandomized prospective trial of patients < 18 years of age receiving dasatinib. There are three cohorts: (1) imatinib-resistant/intolerant CML-CP, (2) imatinib-resistant/intolerant CML in accelerated/blast phase or Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (n = 17), and (3) newly diagnosed CML-CP treated with tablets or powder for oral suspension. Major cytogenetic response > 30% for imatinib-resistant/intolerant patients and complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) > 55% for newly diagnosed patients were of clinical interest. Results Of 113 patients with CML-CP, 14 (48%) who were imatinib-resistant/intolerant and 61 (73%) who were newly diagnosed remained on treatment at time of analysis. Major cytogenetic response > 30% was reached by 3 months in the imatinib-resistant/intolerant group and CCyR > 55% was reached by 6 months in the newly diagnosed CML-CP group. CCyR and major molecular response by 12 months, respectively, were 76% and 41% in the imatinib-resistant/intolerant group and 92% and 52% in newly diagnosed CML-CP group. Progression-free survival by 48 months was 78% and 93% in the imatinib-resistant/intolerant and newly diagnosed CML-CP groups, respectively. No dasatinib-related pleural or pericardial effusion, pulmonary edema, or pulmonary arterial hypertension were reported. Bone growth and development events were reported in 4% of patients. Conclusion In the largest prospective trial to date in children with CML-CP, we demonstrate that dasatinib is a safe, effective treatment of pediatric CML-CP. Target responses to first- or second-line dasatinib were met early, and deep molecular responses were observed. Safety of dasatinib in pediatric patients was similar to that observed in adults; however, no cases of pleural or pericardial effusion or pulmonary arterial hypertension were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lia Gore
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Pamela R Kearns
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Maria Lucia de Martino
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Lee
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Carmino Antonio De Souza
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Yves Bertrand
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Nobuko Hijiya
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Linda C Stork
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Nack-Gyun Chung
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Rocio Cardenas Cardos
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Tapan Saikia
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Franca Fagioli
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Jong Jin Seo
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Judith Landman-Parker
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Donna Lancaster
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Andrew E Place
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Karen R Rabin
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Mariana Sacchi
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - Rene Swanink
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
| | - C Michel Zwaan
- Lia Gore, University of Colorado School of Medicine/Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Pamela R. Kearns, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands; Donna Lancaster, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom; Maria Lucia de Martino Lee, Support Group for Children and Adolescents with Cancer; Carmino Antonio De Souza, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Yves Bertrand, L'Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France; Nobuko Hijiya, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Linda C. Stork, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Nack-Gyun Chung, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; Jong Jin Seo, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Rocio Cardenas Cardos, Instituto Nacional De Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico; Tapan Saikia, Prince Aly Khan Hospital, Mumbai, India; Franca Fagioli, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin, Italy; Judith Landman-Parker, Hôpital Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France; Andrew E. Place, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA; Karen R. Rabin, Texas Children's Cancer Center, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mariana Sacchi and Rene Swanink, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ; C. Michel Zwaan, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Pamela R. Kearns and C. Michel Zwaan, Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer Consortium, European Union
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Shao H, Zeng Z, Cen J, Zhang J, Bai S, Wu C, Gong Y, Wang Y, Qiu H, Chen S, Pan J. The impact of early molecular response in children and adolescents with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with imatinib: a single-center study from China. Leuk Lymphoma 2018; 59:2152-2158. [PMID: 29334300 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1422860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haigang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jiannong Cen
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shuxiao Bai
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chunxiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yanlei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Huiying Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Suning Chen
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jinlan Pan
- Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R. China
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Millot F, Guilhot J, Suttorp M, Güneş AM, Sedlacek P, De Bont E, Li CK, Kalwak K, Lausen B, Culic S, Dworzak M, Kaiserova E, De Moerloose B, Roula F, Biondi A, Baruchel A. Prognostic discrimination based on the EUTOS long-term survival score within the International Registry for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in children and adolescents. Haematologica 2017; 102:1704-1708. [PMID: 28838993 PMCID: PMC5622854 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.170035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The EUTOS Long-Term Survival score was tested in 350 children with chronic myeloid leukemia in first chronic phase treated with imatinib and registered in the International Registry for Childhood Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. With a median follow up of 3 years (range, 1 month to 6 years) progression and/or death (whichever came first) occurred in 23 patients. For the entire cohort of patients the 5-year progression-free survival rate was 92% (95% CI: 87%-94%) and the 5-year survival accounting for chronic myeloid leukemia deaths was 97% (95% CI: 94%-99%). Of the 309 patients allocated to low (n=199), intermediate (n=68) and high (n=42) risk groups by the EUTOS Long-Term Survival score, events (progression and/or death) occurred in 6.0%, 8.8% and 26.2%, respectively. Estimates of the 5-year progression-free survival rates according to these three risk groups were 96% (95% CI: 92%-98%), 88% (95% CI: 76%-95%) and 67% (95% CI: 48%-81%), respectively. Differences in progression-free survival according to these risk groups were highly significant (P<0.0001, overall). The EUTOS Long-Term Survival score showed better differentiation of progression-free survival than the Sokal (<45 years), Euro and EUTOS scores in children and adolescents with chronic myeloid leukemia and should be considered in therapeutic algorithms. (Trial registered at: www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT01281735).
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Disease Progression
- Disease-Free Survival
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Infant
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/epidemiology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/mortality
- Male
- Prognosis
- Registries
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Meinolf Suttorp
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Adalet Meral Güneş
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Uludağ University Hospital, Görükle Bursa, Turkey
| | - Petr Sedlacek
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eveline De Bont
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands, and Dutch Childhood Oncology Group, the Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Chi Kong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Krzysztof Kalwak
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Birgitte Lausen
- Department of Pediatrics, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Srdjana Culic
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology Immunology and Medical Genetics, Clinical Hospital Split, Croatia
| | - Michael Dworzak
- Children's Cancer Research Institute and St. Anna Children's Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emilia Kaiserova
- Department of Pediatric Oncology of University Children's Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Farah Roula
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - André Baruchel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
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33
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Impact of age on efficacy and toxicity of nilotinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: ENEST1st subanalysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 143:1585-1596. [PMID: 28364360 PMCID: PMC5504128 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2402-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Achievement of deep molecular response with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is required to attempt discontinuation of therapy in these patients. The current subanalysis from the Evaluating Nilotinib Efficacy and Safety in Clinical Trials as First-Line Treatment (ENEST1st) study evaluated whether age has an impact on the achievement of deeper molecular responses or safety with frontline nilotinib in patients with CML. Methods ENEST1st is an open-label, multicenter, single-arm, prospective study of nilotinib 300 mg twice daily in patients with newly diagnosed CML in chronic phase. The patients were stratified into the following 4 groups based on age: young (18–39 years), middle age (40–59 years), elderly (60–74 years), and old (≥75 years). The primary end point was the rate of molecular response 4 ([MR4] BCR–ABL1 ≤0.01% on the international scale) at 18 months from the initiation of nilotinib. Results Of the 1091 patients enrolled, 1089 were considered in the analysis, of whom, 23% (n = 243), 45% (n = 494), 27% (n = 300), and 5% (n = 52) were categorized as young, middle age, elderly, and old, respectively. At 18 months, the rates of MR4 were 33.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 27.8–40.0%) in the young, 39.6% (95% CI, 35.3–44.0%) in the middle-aged, 40.5% (95% CI, 34.8–46.1%) in the elderly, and 35.4% (95% CI, 21.9–48.9%) in the old patients. Although the incidence of adverse events was slightly different, no new specific safety signals were observed across the 4 age groups. Conclusions This subanalysis of the ENEST1st study showed that age did not have a relevant impact on the deep molecular response rates associated with nilotinib therapy in newly diagnosed patients with CML and eventually on the eligibility of the patients to attempt treatment discontinuation.
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Increased megakaryocytic proliferation, pro-platelet deposition and expression of fibrosis-associated factors in children with chronic myeloid leukaemia with bone marrow fibrosis. Leukemia 2017; 31:1540-1546. [PMID: 28239144 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Paediatric chronic myeloid leukaemia (ped-CML) is rare and ped-CML with fibre accumulation in the bone marrow (MF) is thought to be even rarer. In adults (ad-CML), fibrosis represents an adverse prognostic factor. So far, the pro-fibrotic changes in the bone marrow microenvironment have not been investigated in detail in ped-CML. From a total of 66 ped-CML in chronic phase, biopsies were analysable and 10 had MF1/2 (MF1, n=8/10; MF2, n=2/10). We randomly selected 16 ped-CML and 16 ad-CML cases with and without fibrosis (each n=8) as well as 18 non-neoplastic controls. Bone marrow samples were analysed with a real-time PCR-based assay (including 127 genes for paediatric cases) and by immunohistochemistry. We found increased expression of megakaryocytic genes in ped-CML. The number of megakaryocytes and pro-platelets are increased in CML patients, but the most significant increase was noted for ped-CML-MF1/2. Anti-fibrotic MMP9 expression was lower in children than in adults. Cell mobilisation-related CXCL12 was decreased in young and adult patients with CML but not the corresponding receptor CXCR4. In summary, fibre accumulation in ped-CML-MF1/2 is associated with increased megakaryocytic proliferation and increased interstitial pro-platelet deposition. Deregulated expression of matrix-modulating factors shifts the bone marrow microenvironment towards fibrosis.
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Proschmann R, Baldow C, Rothe T, Suttorp M, Thiede C, Tauer JT, Müller MC, Hochhaus A, Roeder I, Glauche I. Response dynamics of pediatric patients with chronic myeloid leukemia on imatinib therapy. Haematologica 2017; 102:e39-e42. [PMID: 27856510 PMCID: PMC5286951 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.154138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Female
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/antagonists & inhibitors
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Gene Expression
- Germany
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/therapeutic use
- Infant
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Male
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- RNA, Messenger/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick Proschmann
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Baldow
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tino Rothe
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Meinolf Suttorp
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital "Carl Gustav Carus", Technische Universität Dresden, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Thiede
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic I, University Hospital "Carl Gustav Carus", Technische Universität Dresden, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Josephine T Tauer
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital "Carl Gustav Carus", Technische Universität Dresden, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin C Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic III, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Hochhaus
- Abteilung Hämatologie/Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Germany
| | - Ingo Roeder
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mannheim, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
| | - Ingmar Glauche
- Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mannheim, Germany
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Khoury HJ, Goldberg SL, Mauro MJ, Stone RM, Deininger MW, Bradley-Garelik MB, Mohamed H, Guilhot F. Cross-Intolerance With Dasatinib Among Imatinib-Intolerant Patients With Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2016; 16:341-349.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Soni A, Paluri R, Deal T, Peker D. Extramedullary Involvement by Chronic Myelogeneous Leukemia in Five Patients With Unusual Clinicopathologic Features: A Review of the Effectiveness of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. J Clin Med Res 2016; 8:480-5. [PMID: 27222678 PMCID: PMC4852783 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr2566w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myelogeneous leukemia (CML) is associated with BCR-ABL1 fusion gene leading to an abnormal tyrosine kinase molecule. The accepted first-line treatment is imatinib mesylate (IM). CML uncommonly occurs in the extramedullary sites at initial presentation or relapse. Here we report five adult patients with CML who developed myeloid sarcoma (MS) while on treatment with IM. A retrospective medical chart analysis was performed to identify CML patients with MS who were diagnosed and treated at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. The age ranged between 21 and 36 years (median: 28.5) with a male to female ratio of 4:1. All of the patients were diagnosed with CML in chronic phase with initial treatment including IM. The median interval period between the initial diagnosis of CML and MS was 27 months (range 7 - 60 months). The sites of extramedullary involvement included lymph nodes (n = 2), central nervous system (n = 2) and hepatobiliary organs (n = 1). All patients were treated with either induction therapy or stem cell transplant (SCT) following the diagnosis of MS. The median survival was 16 months (range 1 - 72 months). The longest survival was observed in a patient who successfully received SCT therapy. IM is frequently used as the first therapeutic choice in new diagnosed CML; however, its penetration and effectiveness in extramedullary tissue is still unclear. The current report also supports the literature with less favorable prognosis of CML in younger individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Soni
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ravikumar Paluri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Taylor Deal
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Deniz Peker
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Bourlon C, Hernandez-Mata C, Vargas-Serafín C, Bourlon MT, Tuna-Aguilar E, Aguayo A. Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization Monitoring and Effect of Detected Early Responses in the Outcome of Patients With Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Report From a Latin American Country. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2016; 16:453-9. [PMID: 27259590 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The cytogenetic hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is the Philadelphia chromosome. Monitoring the response in patients receiving therapy is a standard of care. The present study was conducted to assess the monitoring adherence and reliableness of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) as a monitoring tool and the effect of a complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) assessed by FISH on the prognosis of patients in a chronic phase (CP)-CML cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data from 63 newly diagnosed CP-CML patients treated with imatinib mesylate at a dose of 400 mg/day as frontline therapy. The clinical data and cytogenetic test results at diagnosis and during monitoring were collected. The cytogenetic monitoring adherence assessment rates were measured. A correlation between chromosome banding analysis (CBA) and FISH was performed. The CCyR assessed by FISH was defined as < 1% BCR-ABL1(+) nuclei. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for overall survival analysis and time-to-event estimates. RESULTS The cytogenetic monitoring assessment adherence was 50.8% at 3 months, 93.5% at 6 months, 96.7% at 12 months, and 88.6% at 18 months. The Pearson correlation coefficient showed a significantly positive association (r = 0.84; P < .001) between CBA and FISH. The median follow-up duration after imatinib mesylate initiation was 60 months. A CCyR was achieved in 90.4% of patients within the first 18 months of therapy. At 3 months, 31 patients underwent a FISH evaluation, and 13 (41.9%) had achieved a CCyR. The patients who did not achieve a CCyR at 3 months had a significantly inferior probability of 5-year failure-free survival (38% vs. 94%; P = .001) and progression-free survival (80% vs. 100%; P = .043) compared with those with a CCyR. CONCLUSION We found improved monitoring adherence compared with the previous reports of Latin American populations. In countries with a high incidence of failure for CBA and a lack of real-time polymerase chain reaction standardization, FISH is a sensitive monitoring tool. In our cohort, patients not achieving an early CCyR, as tested by FISH, were a poor prognosis subgroup with worse rates of failure-free survival and progression-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christianne Bourlon
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México
| | - Carlos Hernandez-Mata
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México
| | - Cesar Vargas-Serafín
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México
| | - María T Bourlon
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México
| | - Elena Tuna-Aguilar
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México
| | - Alvaro Aguayo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, México.
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Chaudhury S, Sparapani R, Hu ZH, Nishihori T, Abdel-Azim H, Malone A, Olsson R, Hamadani M, Daly A, Bacher U, Wirk BM, Kamble RT, Gale RP, Wood WA, Hale G, Wiernik PH, Hashmi SK, Marks D, Ustun C, Munker R, Savani BN, Alyea E, Popat U, Sobecks R, Kalaycio M, Maziarz R, Hijiya N, Saber W. Outcomes of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Children and Young Adults with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A CIBMTR Cohort Analysis. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2016; 22:1056-1064. [PMID: 26964698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2016.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in children and young adults is uncommon. Young patients have long life expectancies and low morbidity with hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Prolonged tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) use may cause significant morbidity. In addition, indication for HCT in patients in the first chronic phase is not established. We hence retrospectively evaluated outcomes in 449 CML patients with early disease receiving myeloablative HCT reported to the CIBMTR. We analyzed various factors affecting outcome, specifically the effect of age and pre-HCT TKI in pediatric patients (age < 18 years, n = 177) and young adults (age 18 to 29 years, n = 272) with the goal of identifying prognostic factors. Post-HCT probability rates of 5-year overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival (LFS) were 75% and 59%, respectively. Rates of OS and LFS were 76% and 57% in <18-year and 74% and 60% in 18- to 29-year group, respectively, by univariate analysis (P = .1 and = .6). Five-year rates of OS for HLA matched sibling donor (MSD) and bone marrow (BM) stem cell source were 83% and 80%, respectively. In multivariate analysis there was no effect of age (<18 versus 18 to 29) or pre-HCT TKI therapy on OS, LFS, transplant related mortality, or relapse. Favorable factors for OS were MSD (P < .001) and recent HCT (2003 to 2010; P = .04). LFS was superior with MSD (P < .001), BM as graft source (P = .001), and performance scores > 90 (P = .03) compared with unrelated or mismatched peripheral blood stem cells donors and recipients with lower performance scores. Older age was associated with increased incidence of chronic graft-versus-host disease (P = .0002). In the current era, HCT outcomes are similar in young patients and children with early CML, and best outcomes are achieved with BM grafts and MSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Chaudhury
- Department of Pediatrics-Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rodney Sparapani
- CIBMTR (Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research), Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Zhen-Huan Hu
- CIBMTR (Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research), Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Taiga Nishihori
- Department of Blood & Marrow Transplantation, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Hisham Abdel-Azim
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Adriana Malone
- Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplantation, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Richard Olsson
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Clinical Research Sormland, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mehdi Hamadani
- CIBMTR (Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research), Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Froedtert Memorial Lutheran Hospital, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Andrew Daly
- Cumming School of Medicine, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ulrike Bacher
- Interdisciplinary Clinic for Stem Cell Transplantation, University Cancer Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Baldeep M Wirk
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, Washington
| | - Rammurti T Kamble
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert P Gale
- Hematology Research Centre, Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - William A Wood
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Gregory Hale
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, Florida
| | | | - Shahrukh K Hashmi
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - David Marks
- Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplant, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Celalettin Ustun
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minneapolis, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Reinhold Munker
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Bipin N Savani
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Edwin Alyea
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Uday Popat
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ronald Sobecks
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Matt Kalaycio
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Richard Maziarz
- Adult Blood and Marrow Stem Cell Transplant Program, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Nobuko Hijiya
- Department of Pediatrics-Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Wael Saber
- CIBMTR (Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research), Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Tanizawa A. Optimal management for pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia. Pediatr Int 2016; 58:171-9. [PMID: 26646444 DOI: 10.1111/ped.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is rare among childhood leukemias. Its incidence increases with age, from 0.09/100 000 at ≤15 years old to 7.88/100 000 at ≥75 years old. There are several biological and clinical differences between pediatric and adult CML. Markedly increased leukocyte count and a higher incidence of splenomegaly are characteristic features at diagnosis in pediatric patients. The therapeutic approach to CML has changed since the introduction of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib, followed by dasatinib and nilotinib. Given the efficacy of TKI in adult CML, TKI are regarded as the established first-line treatment in adult patients. In 2011, a prospective phase IV study in pediatric patients showed the excellent efficacy and safety of imatinib. Imatinib is also accepted as a first-line option for childhood chronic phase CML. Although the efficacy of dasatinib and nilotinib reported in adult studies seems very attractive for pediatric patients, neither drug has been prospectively investigated in a large pediatric cohort. TKI are designed to inhibit BCR-ABL1 kinase, but they have unfavorable effects, so-called "off-target" complications, such as growth impairment. Long-term morbidity due to TKI is unknown. Furthermore, the adverse effects on growing children have not been clearly elucidated, even though the exposure period to imatinib is relatively short. To establish the standard therapeutic management for pediatric CML, it is important to prospectively confirm the attractive outcomes obtained in adult studies via pediatric clinical trials with a careful monitoring system for TKI-induced adverse effects, especially in growing children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Tanizawa
- Department of Human Resource Development for Cancer, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
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Pediatric chronic myeloid leukemia is a unique disease that requires a different approach. Blood 2015; 127:392-9. [PMID: 26511135 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-06-648667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in children is relatively rare. Because of a lack of robust clinical study evidence, management of CML in children is not standardized and often follows guidelines developed for adults. Children and young adults tend to have a more aggressive clinical presentation than older adults, and prognostic scores for adult CML do not apply to children. CML in children has been considered to have the same biology as in adults, but recent data indicate that some genetic differences exist in pediatric and adult CML. Because children with CML may receive tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy for many decades, and are exposed to TKIs during a period of active growth, morbidities in children with CML may be distinct from those in adults and require careful monitoring. Aggressive strategies, such as eradication of CML stem cells with limited duration and intensive regimens of chemotherapy and TKIs, may be more advantageous in children as a way to avoid lifelong exposure to TKIs and their associated adverse effects. Blood and marrow transplantation in pediatric CML is currently indicated only for recurrent progressive disease, and the acute and long-term toxicities of this option should be carefully evaluated against the complications associated with lifelong use of TKIs.
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42
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Sissolak G, Badenhorst J, Steenkamp J, Heaney M, Louw V, Schnugh D, Willem P. Treatment Outcomes in CML Patients Treated With Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors at a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in South Africa. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2015; 15:803-10. [PMID: 26481837 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) has become one of the most treatable hematologic neoplasms since the advent of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but it was not known if similar treatment outcomes could be achieved in a resource-limited country. We tested the hypothesis that, despite challenges to access to second-generation TKIs, excellent responses could be replicated in the setting of limited resources. PATIENTS AND METHODS Records of 58 patients with newly diagnosed CML in the chronic phase treated with TKIs at a tertiary teaching hospital in Cape Town, South Africa between 2003 and 2012 were reviewed and assessed according to European LeukemiaNet (ELN) criteria. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 60.5 months, progression-free survival at 60 and 96 months was 79.98% and 68.4%, respectively. Overall survival at 60 and 96 months was 92.9% and 83.6%, respectively. Progression to blast phase at 60 months was associated with poorer survival (P = .0002) but progression to accelerated phase was not (P = .1456). Attainment of a complete cytogenetic response at 12 months (P = .28) or major molecular response at 18 months (P = .268) did not have prognostic significance. CONCLUSION Despite delays in achievement of the target responses defined according to ELN criteria, the use of imatinib mesylate as a first-line treatment can still result in treatment outcomes comparable with those in developed countries. These data suggest opportunities for improvement and success might be even greater with uninterrupted access to second-generation or newer TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Sissolak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tygerberg Academic Hospital, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Jacques Badenhorst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tygerberg Academic Hospital, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Janami Steenkamp
- Department of Pathology, National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS), University of Stellenbosch and Pathcare Laboratories, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark Heaney
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Vernon Louw
- Department of Medicine, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein and Panorama Mediclinic, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Desmond Schnugh
- Department of Haematology and Molecular Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Pascale Willem
- Department of Haematology and Molecular Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Pfirrmann M, Baccarani M, Saussele S, Guilhot J, Cervantes F, Ossenkoppele G, Hoffmann VS, Castagnetti F, Hasford J, Hehlmann R, Simonsson B. Prognosis of long-term survival considering disease-specific death in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2015; 30:48-56. [PMID: 26416462 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), first-line imatinib treatment leads to 8-year overall survival (OS) probabilities above 80%. Many patients die of reasons unrelated to CML. This work tackled the reassessment of prognosis under particular consideration of the probabilities of dying of CML. Analyses were based on 2290 patients with chronic phase CML treated with imatinib in six clinical trials. 'Death due to CML' was defined by death after disease progression. At 8 years, OS was 89%. Of 208 deceased patients, 44% died of CML. Higher age, more peripheral blasts, bigger spleen and low platelet counts were significantly associated with increased probabilities of dying of CML and determined a new long-term survival score with three prognostic groups. Compared with the low-risk group, the patients of the intermediate- and the high-risk group had significantly higher probabilities of dying of CML. The score was successfully validated in an independent sample of 1120 patients. In both samples, the new score differentiated probabilities of dying of CML better than the Sokal, Euro and the European Treatment and Outcome Study (EUTOS) score. The new score identified 61% low-risk patients with excellent long-term outcome and 12% high-risk patients. The new score supports the prospective assessment of long-term antileukemic efficacy and risk-adapted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pfirrmann
- Institut für Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, München, Germany
| | - M Baccarani
- Hematology and Oncology L and A Seragnoli, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Saussele
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - J Guilhot
- Clinical Investigation Centre-INSERM CIC 1402, CHU Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - F Cervantes
- Hematology Department, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Ossenkoppele
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - V S Hoffmann
- Institut für Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, München, Germany
| | - F Castagnetti
- Hematology and Oncology L and A Seragnoli, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - J Hasford
- Institut für Medizinische Informationsverarbeitung, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, München, Germany
| | - R Hehlmann
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Sakurai M, Mori T, Karigane D, Tozawa K, Matsuki E, Shimizu T, Yokoyama K, Nakajima H, Kanda Y, Okamoto S. Unfavorable outcome of chronic myelogenous leukemia in adolescent and young adults treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Int J Hematol 2015; 102:342-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s12185-015-1840-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Impact of comorbidities on overall survival in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia: results of the randomized CML study IV. Blood 2015; 126:42-9. [PMID: 25918346 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-01-617993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the influence of comorbidities on remission rate and overall survival (OS) in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Participants of the CML Study IV, a randomized 5-arm trial designed to optimize imatinib therapy, were analyzed for comorbidities at diagnosis using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI); 511 indexed comorbidities were reported in 1519 CML patients. Age was an additional risk factor in 863 patients. Resulting CCI scores were as follows: CCI 2, n = 589; CCI 3 or 4, n = 599; CCI 5 or 6, n = 229; and CCI ≥ 7, n = 102. No differences in cumulative incidences of accelerated phase, blast crisis, or remission rates were observed between patients in the different CCI groups. Higher CCI was significantly associated with lower OS probabilities. The 8-year OS probabilities were 93.6%, 89.4%, 77.6%, and 46.4% for patients with CCI 2, 3 to 4, 5 to 6, and ≥7, respectively. In multivariate analysis, CCI was the most powerful predictor of OS, which was still valid after removal of its age-related components. Comorbidities have no impact on treatment success but do have a negative effect on OS, indicating that survival of patients with CML is determined more by comorbidities than by CML itself. OS may therefore be inappropriate as an outcome measure for specific CML treatments. The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT00055874.
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Can prognostic scoring systems for chronic myeloid leukemia as established in adults be applied to pediatric patients? Ann Hematol 2015; 94:1363-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-015-2367-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Hijiya N, Millot F, Suttorp M. Chronic myeloid leukemia in children: clinical findings, management, and unanswered questions. Pediatr Clin North Am 2015; 62:107-19. [PMID: 25435115 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a rare disease in children. There is little evidence of biological differences between CML in children and adults, although host factors are different. Children develop distinct morbidities related to the off-target effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The goal of treatment in children should be cure rather than suppression of disease, which can be the treatment goal for many older adults. This article reviews data from the literature on the treatment of CML, discusses the issues that are unique to CML in children, and recommends management that takes these issues into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuko Hijiya
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Box #30, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Frederic Millot
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1402, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University Hospital of Poitiers, 2 rue de la Milétrie, 86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Meinolf Suttorp
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital "Carl Gustav Carus", Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
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Millot F, Suttorp M. Managing children with chronic myeloid leukaemia - response to baccarani. Br J Haematol 2015; 169:760-1. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Millot
- Chairman of the CML committee of the International-BFM study group; Department of Paediatric Oncology; CHU Poitiers; Poitiers France
| | - Meinolf Suttorp
- Chairman elect (May 2015) of the CML committee of the International-BFM study group; Department of Paediatric Haematology & Oncology; University Hospital; Technical University Dresden; Dresden Germany
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Castagnetti F, Gugliotta G, Baccarani M, Breccia M, Specchia G, Levato L, Abruzzese E, Rossi G, Iurlo A, Martino B, Pregno P, Stagno F, Cuneo A, Bonifacio M, Gobbi M, Russo D, Gozzini A, Tiribelli M, de Vivo A, Alimena G, Cavo M, Martinelli G, Pane F, Saglio G, Rosti G. Differences among young adults, adults and elderly chronic myeloid leukemia patients. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:185-192. [PMID: 25361995 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) increases with age, but it is unclear how the characteristics of the disease vary with age. In children, where CML is very rare, it presents with more aggressive features, including huge splenomegaly, higher cell count and higher blast cell percentage. PATIENTS AND METHODS To investigate if after childhood the disease maintains or loses these characteristics of aggressiveness, we analyzed 2784 adult patients, at least 18 years old, registered by GIMEMA CML WP over a 40-year period. RESULTS Young adults (YAs: 18-29 years old) significantly differed from adults (30-59 years old) and elderly patients (at least 60 years old) particularly for the frequency of splenomegaly (71%, 63% and 55%, P < 0.001), and the greater spleen size (median value: 4.5, 3.0 and 1.0 cm, P < 0.001). According to the EUTOS score, that is age-independent, high-risk patients were more frequent among YAs, than among adult and elderly patients (18%, 9% and 6%, P < 0.001). In tyrosine kinase inhibitors-treated patients, the rates of complete cytogenetic and major molecular response were lower in YAs, and the probability of transformation was higher (16%, 5% and 7%, P = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS The characteristics of CML or the host response to leukemia differ with age. The knowledge of these differences and of their causes may help to refine the treatment and to improve the outcome. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBERS NCT00510926, NCT00514488, NCT00769327, NCT00481052.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Castagnetti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology 'L. and A. Seràgnoli', 'S. Orsola-Malpighi' University Hospital.
| | - G Gugliotta
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology 'L. and A. Seràgnoli', 'S. Orsola-Malpighi' University Hospital
| | - M Baccarani
- Department of Hematology and Oncology 'L. and A. Seràgnoli', University of Bologna, Bologna
| | - M Breccia
- Hematology Section, Department of Biotechnologies and Cellular Hematology, 'La Sapienza' University, Rome
| | - G Specchia
- Chair of Hematology, University of Bari, Bari
| | - L Levato
- Hematology Unit, 'Pugliese-Ciaccio' Hospital, Catanzaro
| | - E Abruzzese
- Hematology Unit, 'S. Eugenio' Hospital, Rome
| | - G Rossi
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera 'Spedali Civili', Brescia
| | - A Iurlo
- Oncohematology of the Elderly Unit, Division of Oncohematology, IRCCS Ca' Granda-Maggiore University Hospital, Milan
| | - B Martino
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera 'Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli', Reggio Calabria
| | - P Pregno
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin
| | - F Stagno
- Hematology Section, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania
| | - A Cuneo
- Chair of Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Arcispedale S. Anna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara
| | - M Bonifacio
- Hematology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona
| | - M Gobbi
- Clinical Hematology Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa
| | - D Russo
- Blood Diseases and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera 'Spedali Civili', University of Brescia, Brescia
| | - A Gozzini
- Hematology Unit, 'Careggi' University Hospital, Florence
| | - M Tiribelli
- Hematology Unit, 'S. Maria Della Misericordia' University Hospital, Udine
| | - A de Vivo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology 'L. and A. Seràgnoli', 'S. Orsola-Malpighi' University Hospital
| | - G Alimena
- Hematology Section, Department of Biotechnologies and Cellular Hematology, 'La Sapienza' University, Rome
| | - M Cavo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology 'L. and A. Seràgnoli', 'S. Orsola-Malpighi' University Hospital
| | - G Martinelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology 'L. and A. Seràgnoli', 'S. Orsola-Malpighi' University Hospital
| | - F Pane
- Hematology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnologies, 'Federico II' University, Naples
| | - G Saglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, 'S. Luigi Gonzaga' University Hospital, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy
| | - G Rosti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, Institute of Hematology 'L. and A. Seràgnoli', 'S. Orsola-Malpighi' University Hospital
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Pemmaraju N, Cortes J. Chronic myeloid leukemia in adolescents and young adults: patient characteristics, outcomes and review of the literature. Acta Haematol 2014; 132:298-306. [PMID: 25228555 DOI: 10.1159/000363434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, many improvements have been made in the management of patients with leukemia. Research in this field most often focuses on the youngest and oldest patient age groups. However, the population of patients in between those age groups has received relatively little attention with few studies specifically focusing on them. This important 'age gap' has demonstrated a unique, difficult-to-treat group of patients known as adolescents and young adults, or AYAs. Variably defined in the literature as patients from late teenage years to the age of up to 40 years, the AYA group of patients represents a vulnerable subset of patients now identified to require its own focus, development of therapeutic strategies and parallel emphasis on special support systems involving multidisciplinary psychosocial care. Despite the great advancements that have been realized for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the AYA group has seldom been the focus of specific reports and studies, and the outcome appears to lag behind the general population. This review focuses on this subset of AYA patients with CML and summarizes the available data and recent developments, challenges and treatment options for this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Pemmaraju
- Department of Leukemia, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Tex., USA
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