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Kegyes D, Gulei D, Drula R, Cenariu D, Tigu B, Dima D, Tanase A, Badelita S, Buzoianu AD, Ciurea S, Ghiaur G, Terpos E, Ciechanover A, Einsele H, Tomuleasa C. Proteasome inhibition in combination with immunotherapies: State-of-the-Art in multiple myeloma. Blood Rev 2023; 61:101100. [PMID: 37291017 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disorder accounting for around 1.8% of all neoplastic diseases. Nowadays, clinicians have a broad arsenal of drugs at their disposal for the treatment of MM, such as proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, CAR T-cell therapies and antibody-drug conjugates. In this paper we briefly highlight essential clinical elements relating to proteasome inhibitors, such as bortezomib, carfilzomib and ixazomib. Studies suggest that the early use of immunotherapy may improve outcomes significantly. Therefore, in our review we specifically focus on the combination therapy of proteasome inhibitors with novel immunotherapies and/or transplant. A high number of patients develop PI resistance. Thus, we also review new generation PIs, such as marizomib, oprozomib (ONX0912) and delanzomib (CEP-18770) and their combinations with immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kegyes
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine / Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Gulei
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine / Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Rares Drula
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine / Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Cenariu
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine / Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Bogdan Tigu
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine / Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Delia Dima
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina Tanase
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorina Badelita
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca-Dana Buzoianu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Stefan Ciurea
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Gabriel Ghiaur
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine / Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aaron Ciechanover
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine / Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania; The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine / Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania; Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, Cluj Napoca, Romania.
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Liu C, Wu H, Duan H, Hou Y, Wang S, Liu Y, Zhang X, Zhao H, Gong L, Wan H, Zeng B, Quan X, Cui M, Chen L, Jin M, Wang Q, Gao Z, Huang W. An EGCG-mediated self-assembled micellar complex acts as a bioactive drug carrier. Food Chem 2023; 418:135939. [PMID: 36948024 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has attracted the increasing attention of many researchers, especially in the field of tumor therapy. However, EGCG has poor fat solubility, low stability, low bioavailability, and a high effective dose in vivo. Traditional drug delivery methods are difficult to deliver the water-soluble EGCG efficiently and in high doses to tumor sites. To address these issues, a new type of strategy has been tried in this study to transform EGCG from a "Bioactive natural ingredient" into a "Bioactive drug carrier". Briefly, the EGCG was modified with a fat-soluble 9-fluorene methoxy carbonyl (Fmoc) motif, and the obtained EGCG-Fmoc showed a considerable improvement in lipid solubility and stability. Interestingly, EGCG-Fmoc obtained the characteristic of self-assembly in water, making it easier to take up by tumor cells. Furthermore, the self-assembled nanocomplex exhibited paclitaxel encapsulation performance and could achieve the dual delivery of EGCG and paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, PR China
| | - Hongxia Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, PR China
| | - Shuangqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, PR China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Xintong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Heming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Liming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Hongshuang Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin 133000, PR China
| | - Bowen Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin 133000, PR China
| | - Xiuquan Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin 133000, PR China
| | - Minhu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin 133000, PR China
| | - Liqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Mingji Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Qiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Zhonggao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China.
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Novel Formulations, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China.
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3
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Hezkiy EE, Kumar S, Gahramanov V, Yaglom J, Hesin A, Jadhav SS, Guzev E, Patel S, Avinery E, Firer MA, Sherman MY. Search for Synergistic Drug Combinations to Treat Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223671. [PMID: 36429097 PMCID: PMC9688317 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding synergistic drug combinations is an important area of cancer research. Here, we sought to rationally design synergistic drug combinations with an inhibitor of BTK kinase, ibrutinib, which is used for the treatment of several types of leukemia. We (a) used a pooled shRNA screen to identify genes that protect cells from the drug, (b) identified protective pathways via bioinformatics analysis of these gene sets, and (c) identified drugs that inhibit these pathways. Based on this analysis, we established that inhibitors of proteasome and mTORC1 could synergize with ibrutinib both in vitro and in vivo. We suggest that FDA-approved inhibitors of these pathways could be effectively combined with ibrutinib for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Valid Gahramanov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Julia Yaglom
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Arkadi Hesin
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | | | - Ekaterina Guzev
- Department of Mathematics, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Shivani Patel
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Elena Avinery
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Michael A. Firer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Ariel Center for Applied Cancer Research, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Michael Y. Sherman
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-587819472
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Ding K, Jiang W, Jia H, Lei M. Synergistically Anti-Multiple Myeloma Effects: Flavonoid, Non-Flavonoid Polyphenols, and Bortezomib. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1647. [PMID: 36358997 PMCID: PMC9687375 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell tumor originating from a post-mitotic lymphoid B-cell lineage. Bortezomib(BTZ), a first-generation protease inhibitor, has increased overall survival, progression-free survival, and remission rates in patients with MM since its clinical approval in 2003. However, the use of BTZ is challenged by the malignant features of MM and drug resistance. Polyphenols, classified into flavonoid and non-flavonoid polyphenols, have potential health-promoting activities, including anti-cancer. Previous preclinical studies have demonstrated the anti-MM potential of some dietary polyphenols. Therefore, these dietary polyphenols have the potential to be alternative therapies in anti-MM treatment regimens. This systematic review examines the synergistic effects of flavonoids and non-flavonoid polyphenols on the anti-MM impacts of BTZ. Preclinical studies on flavonoids and non-flavonoid polyphenols-BTZ synergism in MM were collected from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase published between 2008 and 2020. 19 valid preclinical studies (Published from 2008 to 2020) were included in this systematic review. These studies demonstrated that eight flavonoids (icariin, icariside II, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, scutellarein, wogonin, morin, formononetin, daidzin), one plant extract rich in flavonoids (Punica granatum juice) and four non-flavonoid polyphenols (silibinin, resveratrol, curcumin, caffeic acid) synergistically enhanced the anti-MM effect of BTZ. These synergistic effects are mediated through the regulation of cellular signaling pathways associated with proliferation, apoptosis, and drug resistance. Given the above, flavonoids and non-flavonoid polyphenols can benefit MM patients by overcoming the challenges faced in BTZ treatment. Despite the positive nature of this preclinical evidence, some additional investigations are still needed before proceeding with clinical studies. For this purpose, we conclude by providing some suggestions for future research directions.
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Sak K. Dietary Flavonoids with Catechol Moiety Inhibit Anticancer Action of Bortezomib: What about the other Boronic Acid-Based Drugs? Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:741-748. [PMID: 35578889 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220516102235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Approval of the first boronic acid group-containing drug, bortezomib, in 2003 for the treatment of multiple myeloma sparked an increased interest of medicinal chemists in boronic acid-based therapeutics. As a result, another boronic acid moiety-harboring medication, ixazomib, was approved in 2015 as a second-generation proteasome inhibitor for multiple myeloma; and dutogliptin is under clinical investigation in combination therapy against myocardial infarction. Moreover, a large number of novel agents with boronic acid element in their structure are currently in intensive preclinical studies, allowing to suppose that at least some of them enter clinical trials in the near future. On the other hand, only some years after bortezomib approval, direct interactions between its boronic acid group and catechol moiety of green tea catechins as well as some other common dietary flavonoids like quercetin and myricetin were discovered, leading to the formation of stable cyclic boronate esters and abolishing the anticancer activities. Although highly relevant, to date, no reports on possible co-effects of catechol group-containing flavonoids with new-generation boronic acid-based drugs can be found. However, this issue cannot be ignored, especially considering the abundance of catechol moiety-harboring flavonoids in both plant-derived food items as well as over-the-counter dietary supplements and herbal products. Therefore, in parallel with the intensified development of boronic acid-based drugs, their possible interactions with catechol groups of plant-derived flavonoids must also be clarified to provide dietary recommendations to patients for maximizing therapeutic benefits. If concurrently consumed flavonoids can indeed antagonize drug efficacy, it may pose a real risk to clinical outcomes.
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Hackman GL, Collins M, Lu X, Lodi A, DiGiovanni J, Tiziani S. Predicting and Quantifying Antagonistic Effects of Natural Compounds Given with Chemotherapeutic Agents: Applications for High-Throughput Screening. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123714. [PMID: 33322034 PMCID: PMC7763027 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been used for centuries to treat various human ailments. In recent decades, multi-drug combinations that utilize natural products to synergistically enhance the therapeutic effects of cancer drugs have been identified and have shown success in improving treatment outcomes. While drug synergy research is a burgeoning field, there are disagreements on the definitions and mathematical parameters that prevent the standardization and proper usage of the terms synergy, antagonism, and additivity. This contributes to the relatively small amount of data on the antagonistic effects of natural products on cancer drugs that can diminish their therapeutic efficacy and prevent cancer regression. The ability of natural products to potentially degrade or reverse the molecular activity of cancer therapeutics represents an important but highly under-emphasized area of research that is often overlooked in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. This review aims to evaluate the body of work surrounding the antagonistic interactions between natural products and cancer therapeutics and highlight applications for high-throughput screening (HTS) and deep learning techniques for the identification of natural products that antagonize cancer drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Lavender Hackman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.L.H.); (M.C.); (X.L.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
| | - Meghan Collins
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.L.H.); (M.C.); (X.L.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
| | - Xiyuan Lu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.L.H.); (M.C.); (X.L.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
| | - Alessia Lodi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.L.H.); (M.C.); (X.L.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Stefano Tiziani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.L.H.); (M.C.); (X.L.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
- Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, LiveSTRONG Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-512-495-4706
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7
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Farjana M, Moni A, Sohag AAM, Hasan A, Hannan MA, Hossain MG, Uddin MJ. Repositioning Vitamin C as a Promising Option to Alleviate Complications associated with COVID-19. Infect Chemother 2020; 52:461-477. [PMID: 33263242 PMCID: PMC7779993 DOI: 10.3947/ic.2020.52.4.461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin C, also known as L-ascorbic acid, is an essential vitamin with pleiotropic functions, ranging from antioxidant to anti-microbial functions. Evidence suggests that vitamin C acts against inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy chaos, and immune dysfunction. The ability to activate and enhance the immune system makes this versatile vitamin a prospective therapeutic agent amid the current situation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Being highly effective against the influenza virus, causing the common cold, vitamin C may also function against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and its associated complications. Severe infections need higher doses of the vitamin to compensate for the augmented inflammatory response and metabolic demand that commonly occur during COVID-19. Compelling evidence also suggests that a high dose of vitamin C (1.5 g/kg body weight) in inflammatory conditions can result in effective clinical outcomes and thus can be employed to combat COVID-19. However, further studies are crucial to delineate the mechanism underlying the action of vitamin C against COVID-19. The current review aims to reposition vitamin C as an alternative approach for alleviating COVID-19-associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akhi Moni
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Adeba Hasan
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Hannan
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.,Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Md Golzar Hossain
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
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8
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Martinovich GG, Martinovich IV, Vcherashniaya AV, Zenkov NK, Menshchikova EB, Cherenkevich SN. Chemosensitization of Tumor Cells by Phenolic Antioxidants: The Role of the Nrf2 Transcription Factor. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s000635092006010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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9
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Abiri B, Vafa M. Vitamin C and Cancer: The Role of Vitamin C in Disease Progression and Quality of Life in Cancer Patients. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1282-1292. [PMID: 32691657 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1795692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Much attention has been put on antioxidants as potential preventive and therapeutic agents against cancer. Vitamin C, an important antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and immune system enhancement features, could provide protection against cancer. However, experimental and epidemiologic evidence on vitamin C and cancer risk are still indefinite. Substantial literature reports that cancer patients experience vitamin C deficiency associated with decreased oral intake, infection, inflammation, disease processes, and treatments such as radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery. Studies demonstrate associations between IVC and inflammation biomarkers and propose some amelioration in symptoms, with a possible advantage in quality of life (QoL) when intravenous vitamin C (IVC) alone or in combination with oral vitamin C is administered in oncologic care. While, the anticancer impact of high doses of IVC remains debatable in spite of growing evidence that high dose vitamin C shows anti-tumorigenic activity by elevating the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer cells without meaningful toxicities. Hence, there is an urgent requirement for rigorous and well-controlled assessments of IVC as an adjuvant therapy for cancer before clear conclusions can be drawn. Thus, more clinical trials are required to determine the additive impact of high dose vitamin C in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Abiri
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Vafa
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Boretti A, Banik BK. Intravenous vitamin C for reduction of cytokines storm in acute respiratory distress syndrome. PHARMANUTRITION 2020; 12:100190. [PMID: 32322486 PMCID: PMC7172861 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2020.100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The recent outbreak of Covid19 has required urgent treatments for numerous patients. No suitable vaccines or antivirals are available for Covid19. The efficiency against Covid19 of WHO therapies of choice, that are two antivirals developed for other pathologies, is controversial. Therefore, alternative approaches are required. Intravenous (IV) Vitamin C (Vit-C) has emerged as one of the other alternatives for this purpose. Here we review the effects of IV Vit-C on the immune system response, the antiviral properties of IV Vit-C, and finally the antioxidant properties of IV Vit-C to specifically address the cytokines' storm characteristic of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) that occur in the later cycle of the Covid19 infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Boretti
- Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, P.O. Box 1664, Al Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bimal Krishna Banik
- Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, P.O. Box 1664, Al Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Ascorbic acid inhibits visceral obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α in high-fat-diet-fed C57BL/6J mice. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 43:1620-1630. [PMID: 30283077 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0212-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Ascorbic acid is a known cofactor in the biosynthesis of carnitine, a molecule that has an obligatory role in fatty acid oxidation. Our previous studies have demonstrated that obesity is regulated effectively through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα)-mediated fatty acid β-oxidation. Thus, this study aimed to determine whether ascorbic acid can inhibit obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in part through the actions of PPARα. DESIGN After C57BL/6J mice received a low-fat diet (LFD, 10% kcal fat), a high-fat diet (HFD, 45% kcal fat), or the same HFD supplemented with ascorbic acid (1% w/w) (HFD-AA) for 15 weeks, variables and determinants of visceral obesity and NAFLD were examined using metabolic measurements, histology, and gene expression. RESULTS Compared to HFD-fed obese mice, administration of HFD-AA to obese mice reduced body weight gain, visceral adipose tissue mass, and visceral adipocyte size without affecting food consumption profiles. Concomitantly, circulating ascorbic acid concentrations were significantly higher in HFD-AA mice than in HFD mice. Ascorbic acid supplementation increased the mRNA levels of PPARα and its target enzymes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation in visceral adipose tissues. Consistent with the effects of ascorbic acid on visceral obesity, ascorbic acid not only inhibited hepatic steatosis but also increased the mRNA levels of PPARα-dependent fatty acid β-oxidation genes in livers. Similarly, hepatic inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis were also decreased during ascorbic acid-induced inhibition of visceral obesity. In addition, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were lower in HFD-AA-fed mice than in those of HFD-fed mice. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that ascorbic acid seems to suppress HFD-induced visceral obesity and NAFLD in part through the activation of PPARα.
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12
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Smith PJ, Clavarino AM, Long JE, Steadman KJ. The Use of a Brochure to Enable CAM-with-Chemotherapy Patient Education. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2017; 32:814-819. [PMID: 26932309 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-016-1011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The majority of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy will consider taking complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) during their treatment. As biologically-active CAM may detrimentally interfere with chemotherapy treatment, cancer patients require evidence-based information on chemotherapy-CAM integration consequences. This study aimed to assess if the availability of a purpose-designed brochure within a cancer service aided doctors' discussions with their patients on CAM use and helped patients understand the effects of CAM during their chemotherapy treatment. Cancer care doctors consulting in an adult day unit completed a structured post-intervention feedback survey form (n = 17), and cancer patients receiving chemotherapy treatment were provided the brochure and completed the local health service consumer testing feedback form (n = 30). All cancer care doctors perceived a need for the brochure and recommended the brochure to their patients. All doctors thought the brochure made it easier for them to discuss CAM with their patients, and 59 % believed that it saved them time during patient consultations. Ninety percent of cancer patients reported the brochure had enough information to answer their CAM questions, and all patients thought the information was easy to read and understand. An evidence-based CAM-with-chemotherapy patient brochure was perceived to have enabled cancer care doctors to discuss CAM with their patients and to have answered patients' CAM questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Smith
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia.
- Sunshine Coast Cancer Care Services, Nambour General Hospital, Nambour, Qld, 4560, Australia.
| | | | - Jeremy E Long
- Sunshine Coast Cancer Care Services, Nambour General Hospital, Nambour, Qld, 4560, Australia
| | - Kathryn J Steadman
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, 4072, Australia
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13
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Eugênio AIP, Fook-Alves VL, de Oliveira MB, Fernando RC, Zanatta DB, Strauss BE, Silva MRR, Porcionatto MA, Colleoni GWB. Proteasome and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) inhibitors as therapeutic alternative in multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:114698-114709. [PMID: 29383113 PMCID: PMC5777725 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
HSP70 connects multiple signaling pathways that work synergistically to protect tumor cells from death by proteotoxic stress and represents a possible target to establish a new approach for multiple myeloma treatment. Therefore, bioluminescent cell lines RPMI8226-LUC-PURO and U266-LUC-PURO were treated with HSP70 (VER155008) and/or proteasome (bortezomib) inhibitors and immunodeficient mice were used for subcutaneous xenograft models to evaluate tumor growth reduction and tumor growth inhibition after treatment. Bioluminescence imaging was used to follow tumor response. Treatment with bortezomib showed ∼60% of late apoptosis in RPMI8226-LUC-PURO (without additional benefit of VER155008 in this cell line). However, U266-LUC-PURO showed ∼60% of cell death after treatment with VER155008 (alone or with bortezomib). RPMI8226-LUC-PURO xenograft presented tumor reduction by bioluminescence imaging after treatment with bortezomib, VER155008 or drug combination compared to controls. Treatment with bortezomib, alone or combined with VER155008, showed inhibition of tumor growth assessed by bioluminescence imaging after one week in both RPMI8226-LUC-PURO and U266-LUC-PURO cell lines when compared to controls. In conclusion, our study shows that the combination of proteasome and HSP70 inhibitors induced cell death in tumor cells in vitro (late apoptosis induction) and in vivo (inhibition of tumor growth) with special benefit in U266-LUC-PURO, bearing 17p deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Isabel Pereira Eugênio
- Discipline of Hematology e Hemotherapy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Veruska Lia Fook-Alves
- Discipline of Hematology e Hemotherapy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Bleker de Oliveira
- Discipline of Hematology e Hemotherapy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Carlini Fernando
- Discipline of Hematology e Hemotherapy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela B Zanatta
- Center of Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bryan Eric Strauss
- Center of Translational Investigation in Oncology, Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gisele Wally Braga Colleoni
- Discipline of Hematology e Hemotherapy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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14
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Yao C, Cao X, Fu Z, Tian J, Dong W, Xu J, An K, Zhai L, Yu J. Boschniakia Rossica Polysaccharide Triggers Laryngeal Carcinoma Cell Apoptosis by Regulating Expression of Bcl-2, Caspase-3, and P53. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:2059-2064. [PMID: 28455995 PMCID: PMC5421584 DOI: 10.12659/msm.901381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laryngeal cancer is a malignant head and neck tumor with high morbidity and high mortality in humans. Recently, treatments with Chinese medicines and their extracts have gradually received great attention, and studies suggest that Boschniakia rossica polysaccharide (BRP) has potential anti-tumor activity. Therefore, this study investigating the role of BRP in inducing apoptosis in human laryngeal carcinoma cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS The BRP was extracted with organic solvent and HR column. We treated Hep2 laryngeal carcinoma cells with different concentrations of BRP, then assessed cell growth inhibition rate by flow cytometry and apoptosis index by TUNEL staining. The protein expression of p53, Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS Flow cytometry results showed that BRP inhibited Hep2 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05), and TUNEL staining indicated that BRP significantly increased Hep2 apoptosis index (p<0.05). Western blot results showed that the expression levels of p53 and activation of caspase-3 in Hep2 cells were significantly up-regulated (p<0.05), while the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly down-regulated (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS BRP might induce cell apoptosis by regulating the expression level of cell apoptosis-associated proteins, suggesting strong anti-laryngeal cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunping Yao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiujuan Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Fu
- PET-CT Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Kang An
- Second Internal Medical Department, Zibo Zhoucun Renmin Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Limin Zhai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated with Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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15
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Levine
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
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16
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Cao J, Han J, Xiao H, Qiao J, Han M. Effect of Tea Polyphenol Compounds on Anticancer Drugs in Terms of Anti-Tumor Activity, Toxicology, and Pharmacokinetics. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8120762. [PMID: 27983622 PMCID: PMC5188417 DOI: 10.3390/nu8120762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance and various adverse side effects have long been major problems in cancer chemotherapy. Recently, chemotherapy has gradually transitioned from mono-substance therapy to multidrug therapy. As a result, the drug cocktail strategy has gained more recognition and wider use. It is believed that properly-formulated drug combinations have greater therapeutic efficacy than single drugs. Tea is a popular beverage consumed by cancer patients and the general public for its perceived health benefits. The major bioactive molecules in green tea are catechins, a class of flavanols. The combination of green tea extract or green tea catechins and anticancer compounds has been paid more attention in cancer treatment. Previous studies demonstrated that the combination of chemotherapeutic drugs and green tea extract or tea polyphenols could synergistically enhance treatment efficacy and reduce the adverse side effects of anticancer drugs in cancer patients. In this review, we summarize the experimental evidence regarding the effects of green tea-derived polyphenols in conjunction with chemotherapeutic drugs on anti-tumor activity, toxicology, and pharmacokinetics. We believe that the combination of multidrug cancer treatment with green tea catechins may improve treatment efficacy and diminish negative side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jie Han
- Analytical Center, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Hao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jinping Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Mei Han
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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17
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Beyond the plasma cell: emerging therapies for immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis. Blood 2016; 127:2275-80. [PMID: 26907632 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-11-681650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic immunoglobulin light chain (LC) amyloidosis (AL) is a potentially fatal disease caused by immunoglobulin LC produced by clonal plasma cells. These LC form both toxic oligomers and amyloid deposits disrupting vital organ function. Despite reduction of LC by chemotherapy, the restoration of organ function is highly variable and often incomplete. Organ damage remains the major source of mortality and morbidity in AL. This review focuses on the challenges posed by emerging therapies that may limit the toxicity of LC and improve organ function by accelerating the resorption of amyloid deposits.
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18
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Tofolean IT, Ganea C, Ionescu D, Filippi A, Garaiman A, Goicea A, Gaman MA, Dimancea A, Baran I. Cellular determinants involving mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and apoptosis correlate with the synergic cytotoxicity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate and menadione in human leukemia Jurkat T cells. Pharmacol Res 2015; 103:300-17. [PMID: 26687095 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the growth-suppressive action of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on human leukemia Jurkat T cells. Results show a strong correlation between the dose-dependent reduction of clonogenic survival following acute EGCG treatments and the EGCG-induced decline of the mitochondrial level of Ca(2+). The cell killing ability of EGCG was synergistically enhanced by menadione. In addition, the cytotoxic effect of EGCG applied alone or in combination with menadione was accompanied by apoptosis induction. We also observed that in acute treatments EGCG displays strong antioxidant properties in the intracellular milieu, but concurrently triggers some oxidative stress generating mechanisms that can fully develop on a longer timescale. In parallel, EGCG dose-dependently induced mitochondrial depolarization during exposure, but this condition was subsequently reversed to a persistent hyperpolarized mitochondrial state that was dependent on the activity of respiratory Complex I. Fluorimetric measurements suggest that EGCG is a mitochondrial Complex III inhibitor and indicate that EGCG evokes a specific cellular fluorescence with emission at 400nm and two main excitation bands (at 330nm and 350nm) that may originate from a mitochondrial supercomplex containing dimeric Complex III and dimeric ATP-synthase, and therefore could provide a valuable means to characterize the functional properties of the respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Teodora Tofolean
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constanta Ganea
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Diana Ionescu
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Filippi
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Garaiman
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Goicea
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihnea-Alexandru Gaman
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Dimancea
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Baran
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. of Biophysics, 8 Eroii Sanitari, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
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19
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Modernelli A, Naponelli V, Giovanna Troglio M, Bonacini M, Ramazzina I, Bettuzzi S, Rizzi F. EGCG antagonizes Bortezomib cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells by an autophagic mechanism. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15270. [PMID: 26471237 PMCID: PMC4607952 DOI: 10.1038/srep15270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome inhibitors Bortezomib (BZM) and MG132 trigger cancer cell death via induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the most bioactive green tea polyphenol, is known to display strong anticancer properties as it inhibits proteasome activity and induces ER stress. We investigated whether combined delivery of a proteasome inhibitor with EGCG enhances prostate cancer cell death through increased induction of ER stress. Paradoxically, EGCG antagonized BZM cytotoxicity even when used at low concentrations. Conversely, the MG132 dose-response curve was unaffected by co-administration of EGCG. Moreover, apoptosis, proteasome inhibition and ER stress were inhibited in PC3 cells simultaneously treated with BZM and EGCG but not with a combination of MG132 and EGCG; EGCG enhanced autophagy induction in BZM-treated cells only. Autophagy inhibition restored cytotoxicity concomitantly with CHOP and p-eIF2α up-regulation in cells treated with BZM and EGCG. Overall, these findings demonstrate that EGCG antagonizes BZM toxicity by exacerbating the activation of autophagy, which in turn mitigates ER stress and reduces CHOP up-regulation, finally protecting PC3 cells from cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Modernelli
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Valeria Naponelli
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy.,Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.,National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Troglio
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Martina Bonacini
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Ileana Ramazzina
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy.,Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.,National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Saverio Bettuzzi
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy.,Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.,National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Department of Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Translational Research, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39/a, 43125 Parma, Italy.,Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.,National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
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20
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Bai XY, Qu X, Jiang X, Xu Z, Yang Y, Su Q, Wang M, Wu H. Association between Dietary Vitamin C Intake and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-analysis Involving 103,658 Subjects. J Cancer 2015; 6:913-21. [PMID: 26284143 PMCID: PMC4532989 DOI: 10.7150/jca.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We attempted to systematically determine the association between dietary intake of vitamin C and risk of prostate cancer. PubMed and Embase were searched to obtain eligible studies published before February 2015. Cohort or case-control studies that reported the relative risk (RR)/odds ratio (OR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between vitamin C intake and prostate cancer risk were included. Eighteen studies regarding dietary vitamin C intake were finally obtained, with a total of 103,658 subjects. The pooled RR of prostate cancer for the highest versus the lowest categories of dietary vitamin C intake was 0.89 (95%CI: 0.83-0.94; p = 0.000) with evidence of a moderate heterogeneity (I(2) = 39.4%, p = 0.045). Meta-regression analysis suggested that study design accounted for a major proportion of the heterogeneity. Stratifying the overall study according to study design yielded pooled RRs of 0.92 (95%CI: 0.86-0.99, p = 0.027) among cohort studies and 0.80 (95%CI: 0.71-0.89, p = 0.000) among case-control studies, with no heterogeneity in either subgroup. In the dose-response analysis, an inverse linear relationship between dietary vitamin C intake and prostate cancer risk was established, with a 150 mg/day dietary vitamin C intake conferred RRs of 0.91 (95%CI: 0.84-0.98, p = 0.018) in the overall studies, 0.95 (95%CI: 0.90-0.99, p = 0.039) in cohort studies, and 0.79 (95%CI: 0.69-0.91, p = 0.001) in case-control studies. In conclusion, intake of vitamin C from food was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk in this meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Bai
- 1. School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xinjian Qu
- 2. School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- 1. School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Zhaowei Xu
- 1. School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yangyang Yang
- 1. School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Qiming Su
- 2. School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Miao Wang
- 1. School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Huijian Wu
- 1. School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China ; 2. School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
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21
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Glynn SJ, Gaffney KJ, Sainz MA, Louie SG, Petasis NA. Molecular characterization of the boron adducts of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib with epigallocatechin-3-gallate and related polyphenols. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:3887-99. [PMID: 25669488 PMCID: PMC4366333 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02512a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was reported to effectively antagonize the ability of Bortezomib (BZM) to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. This interaction was attributed to the formation of a covalent adduct between a phenolic moiety of EGCG with the boronic acid group of Bortezomib. However, the structural details of this boron adduct and the molecular factors that contribute to its formation and its ability to inhibit Bortezomib's activity remain unclear. This paper describes the use of NMR spectroscopy and cell assays to characterize the structures and properties of the boron adducts of EGCG and related polyphenols. The observed boron adducts included both boronate and borate derivatives, and their structural characteristics were correlated with cell-based evaluation of the ability of EGCG and other phenols to antagonize the anticancer activity of Bortezomib. The enhanced stability of the BZM/EGCG adduct was attributed to electronic and steric reasons, and a newly identified intramolecular interaction of the boron atom of BZM with the adjacent amide bond. The reported approach provides a useful method for determining the potential ability of polyphenols to form undesired adducts with boron-based drugs and interfere with their actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Glynn
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.
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22
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Fujiki H, Sueoka E, Watanabe T, Suganuma M. Synergistic enhancement of anticancer effects on numerous human cancer cell lines treated with the combination of EGCG, other green tea catechins, and anticancer compounds. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 141:1511-22. [PMID: 25544670 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1899-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In 2008, we reported that 10 Japanese-size cups of green tea daily, supplemented with tablets of green tea extract (GTE), reduced the recurrence of colorectal adenoma by 51.6% in patients after polypectomy. Based on these results, we paid special attention to Japanese cancer patients, who consume green tea every day and are administered anticancer drugs. This encouraged us to study whether the combination of green tea catechins and anticancer drugs has the potential to enhance the efficacy of the drugs. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The combination of GTE and NSAIDs synergistically inhibited tumor development in rodents through the activation of the GADD153-DR5-TRAIL apoptotic pathway. Since then, this study was further extended by various investigators to the combinations of EGCG and other green tea catechins with anticancer compounds, the latter of which include NSAIDs, phytochemicals, and anticancer drugs. In order to demonstrate whether diversity of the combinations would generally induce synergistic anticancer effects on numerous human cancer cell lines, we studied the results of 42 in vitro combination experiments and the synergistic inhibition of tumor volume of 13 combination experiments using xenograft mouse models, which were previously reported by other investigators. The various combinations of EGCG and anticancer compounds induced similar synergistic anticancer effects for both in vitro and in vivo experiments, and showed an average reduction in tumor volume by 70.3%. Considering the evidence showing that treatment with EGCG inhibited self-renewal of cancer stem cells, the combination shows a great advantage. CONCLUSION Green tea is a cancer preventive for humans, showing a new trend of green tea catechins as synergists with anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirota Fujiki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan,
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Campbell EJ, Dachs GU. Current limitations of murine models in oncology for ascorbate research. Front Oncol 2014; 4:282. [PMID: 25353008 PMCID: PMC4196513 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of vitamin C (ascorbate) in cancer prevention, tumor growth, and treatment is of intense public interest. Clinical trial data have been sparse, contradictory, and highly controversial, and robust pre-clinical data are required for progress. This paper reviews pre-clinical models and their limitations with respect to ascorbate research. Most studies have utilized animals able to synthesize ascorbate and thus are not ideal models of the human condition. More recently, genetically modified mouse models have become available; yet, all studies compared healthy and scorbutic mice. The majority of investigations to date concluded that increased ascorbate led to decreased tumor growth, but data on mechanisms and doses are inconclusive. Clinically relevant animal studies are still required to convince a generally sceptical medical audience of the potential worth of ascorbate as an adjunct to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Campbell
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology, University of Otago , Christchurch , New Zealand
| | - Gabi U Dachs
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology, University of Otago , Christchurch , New Zealand
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Jia L, Liu FT. Why bortezomib cannot go with 'green'? Cancer Biol Med 2014; 10:206-13. [PMID: 24349830 PMCID: PMC3860349 DOI: 10.7497/j.issn.2095-3941.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Eat more ‘green’ or eat ‘five a day’ is one of the most important healthy lifestyle behaviours in the 21 century. Aiming to fight cancer effectively, more than half patients use vitamins or herbs concurrently with conventional anticancer treatment. Flavonoids or polyphenols existing in vegetables, fruits and green tea are common plant pigments with antioxidant properties and considered acting as cancer preventing or anti-cancer agents. Recently it was found that some flavonoids and vitamin C in diet or supplements have antagonistic effect with the anti-cancer drug bortezomib. Bortezomib is a specific inhibitor for proteasome and is currently used for treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. Despite its successful rates in treating multiple myeloma and other solid tumors, it is unable to kill leukemic cells in the blood. It was recently revealed that some flavonoids and vitamin C present in green leaves and green teas in the blood can neutralize bortezomib by directly interaction between two chemicals. Here we summarize why dietary flavonoids should be avoided in patients who take bortezomib as chemotherapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jia
- Center for Hemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Feng-Ting Liu
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
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25
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Fritz H, Flower G, Weeks L, Cooley K, Callachan M, McGowan J, Skidmore B, Kirchner L, Seely D. Intravenous Vitamin C and Cancer: A Systematic Review. Integr Cancer Ther 2014; 13:280-300. [PMID: 24867961 DOI: 10.1177/1534735414534463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravenous vitamin C (IVC) is a contentious adjunctive cancer therapy, widely used in naturopathic and integrative oncology settings. We conducted a systematic review of human interventional and observational studies assessing IVC for use in cancer patients. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and AMED from inception to April 2013 for human studies examining the safety, effectiveness, or pharmacokinetics of IVC use in cancer patients. RESULTS Of 897 records, a total of 39 reports of 37 studies were included: 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 15 uncontrolled trials, 6 observational studies, and 14 case reports. IVC dosing ranged from 1 g to more than 200 g ascorbic acid per infusion, typically administered 2 to 3 times weekly. IVC does not appear to increase toxicity or interfere with antitumor effects of gemcitabine/erlotinib therapy or paclitaxel and carboplatin. Based on 1 RCT and data from uncontrolled human trials, IVC may improve time to relapse and possibly enhance reductions in tumor mass and improve survival in combination with chemotherapy. IVC may improve quality of life, physical function, and toxicities associated with chemotherapy, including fatigue, nausea, insomnia, constipation, and depression. Case reports document several instances of tumor regression and long-term disease-free survival associated with use of IVC. CONCLUSION There is limited high-quality clinical evidence on the safety and effectiveness of IVC. The existing evidence is preliminary and cannot be considered conclusive but is suggestive of a good safety profile and potentially important antitumor activity; however, more rigorous evidence is needed to conclusively demonstrate these effects. IVC may improve the quality of life and symptom severity of patients with cancer, and several cases of cancer remission have been reported. Well-designed, controlled studies of IVC therapy are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Fritz
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gillian Flower
- Ottawa Integrative Cancer Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Weeks
- Ottawa Integrative Cancer Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kieran Cooley
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Jessie McGowan
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Becky Skidmore
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Dugald Seely
- Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Ottawa Integrative Cancer Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Zhou DH, Wang X, Feng Q. EGCG enhances the efficacy of cisplatin by downregulating hsa-miR-98-5p in NSCLC A549 cells. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:636-44. [PMID: 24712372 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2014.894101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, the enhanced efficacy of cisplatin caused by (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells was observed. The tumor size was significantly smaller in vivo in the combination of cisplatin and EGCG group, as compared with cisplatin-only group. However, in NCI-H460 cells, another kind of NSCLC cells, the efficacy of cisplatin was antagonized by EGCG. MiRNA microarray showed that hsa-miR-98-5p and hsa-miR-125a-3p were differentially expressed after EGCG treatment in these 2 cell lines. After transfection of hsa-miR-98-5p inhibitor, the survival fraction of both A549 and NCI-H460 cells was decreased upon cisplatin treatment. Meanwhile, as a critical regulator in the cisplatin-induced apoptosis, p53 was elevated by silencing of hsa-miR-98-5p. These results suggested that EGCG inhibited the expression of hsa-miR-98-5p, followed by an increase of p53, thus the efficacy of cisplatin was enhanced. Bioinformatics analysis showed that hsa-miR-125a-3p might have a strong connection with classical MAPK pathway. Taken together, these findings indicate that hsa-miR-98-5p could be a potential target in clinical cisplatin treatment of NSCLC. The combination of EGCG and cisplatin might be an effective therapeutic strategy in treating some type of NSCLC, although the possibility of antagonistic interactions must also be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hu Zhou
- a Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Public Health , Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
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27
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Shen M, Chan TH, Dou QP. Targeting tumor ubiquitin-proteasome pathway with polyphenols for chemosensitization. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2014; 12:891-901. [PMID: 22292765 DOI: 10.2174/187152012802649978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of tumor drug resistance is one of the biggest obstacles on the way to achieve a favorable outcome of chemotherapy. Among various strategies that have been explored to overcome drug resistance, the combination of current chemotherapy with plant polyphenols as a chemosensitizer has emerged as a promising one. Plant polyphenols are a group of phytochemicals characterized by the presence of more than one phenolic group. Mechanistic studies suggest that polyphenols have multiple intracellular targets, one of which is the proteasome complex. The proteasome is a proteolytic enzyme complex responsible for intracellular protein degradation and has been shown to play an important role in tumor growth and the development of drug resistance. Therefore, proteasome inhibition by plant polyphenols could be one of the mechanisms contributing to their chemosensitizing effect. Plant polyphenols that have been identified to possess proteasome-inhibitory activity include (-)-epigallocatechins-3-gallate (EGCG), genistein, luteolin, apigenin, chrysin, quercetin, curcumin and tannic acid. These polyphenols have exhibited an appreciable effect on overcoming resistance to various chemotherapeutic drugs as well as multidrug resistance in a broad spectrum of tumors ranging from carcinoma and sarcoma to hematological malignances. The in vitro and in vivo studies on polyphenols with proteasome-inhibitory activity have built a solid foundation to support the idea that they could serve as a chemosensitizer for the treatment of cancer. In-depth mechanistic studies and identification of optimal regimen are needed in order to eventually translate this laboratory concept into clinical trials to actually benefit current chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shen
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, 540.1 HWCRC, 4100 John R Road, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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28
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Rentsch A, Landsberg D, Brodmann T, Bülow L, Girbig AK, Kalesse M. Synthese und Pharmakologie von Proteasom-Inhibitoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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29
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Rentsch A, Landsberg D, Brodmann T, Bülow L, Girbig AK, Kalesse M. Synthesis and pharmacology of proteasome inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:5450-88. [PMID: 23526565 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Shortly after the discovery of the proteasome it was proposed that inhibitors could stabilize proteins which ultimately would trigger apoptosis in tumor cells. The essential questions were whether small molecules would be able to inhibit the proteasome without generating prohibitive side effects and how one would derive these compounds. Fortunately, "Mother Nature" has generated a wide variety of natural products that provide distinct selectivities and specificities. The chemical synthesis of these natural products finally provided access to analogues and optimized drugs of which two different classes have been approved for the treatment of malignancies. Despite these achievements, additional lead structures derived from nature are under investigation and will be discussed with regard to their biological potential and chemical challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rentsch
- Institut für Organische Chemie and Centre of Biomolecular Drug Research, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167 Hannover, Germany
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30
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Lecumberri E, Dupertuis YM, Miralbell R, Pichard C. Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as adjuvant in cancer therapy. Clin Nutr 2013; 32:894-903. [PMID: 23582951 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Green tea catechins, especially epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), have been associated with cancer prevention and treatment. This has resulted in an increased number of studies evaluating the effects derived from the use of this compound in combination with chemo/radiotherapy. This review aims at compiling latest literature on this subject. METHODS Keywords including EGCG, cancer, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and side effects, were searched using PubMed and ScienceDirect databases to identify, analyze, and summarize the research literature on this topic. Most of the studies on this subject up to date are preclinical. Relevance of the findings, impact factor, and date of publication were critical parameters for the studies to be included in the review. RESULTS Additive and synergistic effects of EGCG when combined with conventional cancer therapies have been proposed, and its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities have been related to amelioration of cancer therapy side effects. However, antagonistic interactions with certain anticancer drugs might limit its clinical use. CONCLUSIONS The use of EGCG could enhance the effect of conventional cancer therapies through additive or synergistic effects as well as through amelioration of deleterious side effects. Further research, especially at the clinical level, is needed to ascertain the potential role of EGCG as adjuvant in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lecumberri
- Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospital, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Frenkel M, Abrams DI, Ladas EJ, Deng G, Hardy M, Capodice JL, Winegardner MF, Gubili JK, Yeung KS, Kussmann H, Block KI. Integrating dietary supplements into cancer care. Integr Cancer Ther 2013; 12:369-84. [PMID: 23439656 DOI: 10.1177/1534735412473642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies confirm that a majority of patients undergoing cancer therapy use self-selected forms of complementary therapies, mainly dietary supplements. Unfortunately, patients often do not report their use of supplements to their providers. The failure of physicians to communicate effectively with patients on this use may result in a loss of trust within the therapeutic relationship and in the selection by patients of harmful, useless, or ineffective and costly nonconventional therapies when effective integrative interventions may exist. Poor communication may also lead to diminishment of patient autonomy and self-efficacy and thereby interfere with the healing response. To be open to the patient's perspective, and sensitive to his or her need for autonomy and empowerment, physicians may need a shift in their own perspectives. Perhaps the optimal approach is to discuss both the facts and the uncertainty with the patient, in order to reach a mutually informed decision. Today's informed patients truly value physicians who appreciate them as equal participants in making their own health care choices. To reach a mutually informed decision about the use of these supplements, the Clinical Practice Committee of The Society of Integrative Oncology undertook the challenge of providing basic information to physicians who wish to discuss these issues with their patients. A list of leading supplements that have the best suggestions of benefit was constructed by leading researchers and clinicians who have experience in using these supplements. This list includes curcumin, glutamine, vitamin D, Maitake mushrooms, fish oil, green tea, milk thistle, Astragalus, melatonin, and probiotics. The list includes basic information on each supplement, such as evidence on effectiveness and clinical trials, adverse effects, and interactions with medications. The information was constructed to provide an up-to-date base of knowledge, so that physicians and other health care providers would be aware of the supplements and be able to discuss realistic expectations and potential benefits and risks.
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Shatzer AN, Espey MG, Chavez M, Tu H, Levine M, Cohen JI. Ascorbic acid kills Epstein-Barr virus positive Burkitt lymphoma cells and Epstein-Barr virus transformed B-cells in vitro, but not in vivo. Leuk Lymphoma 2012; 54:1069-78. [PMID: 23067008 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2012.739686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid has been shown to kill various cancer cell lines at pharmacologic concentrations. We found that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cells were more susceptible to ascorbic acid-induced cell killing than EBV-negative BL cells or EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cells (LCLs). Ascorbic acid did not induce apoptosis in any of the tested cells but did induce the production of reactive oxygen species and cell death. Previously, we showed that bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, induces cell death in LCLs and EBV-positive BL cells. We found that ascorbic acid is strongly antagonistic for bortezomib-induced cell death in LCLs and EBV-positive BL cells. Finally, ascorbic acid did not prolong survival of severe combined immunodefiency mice inoculated with LCLs either intraperitoneally or subcutaneously. Thus, while ascorbic acid was highly effective at killing EBV-positive BL cells and LCLs in vitro, it antagonized cell killing by bortezomib and was ineffective in an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber N Shatzer
- Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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