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Yang D, Wang L, Wang X. The trade-off regulation of arbuscular mycorrhiza on alfalfa growth dose-dependent on gradient Mo exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 941:173552. [PMID: 38806125 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential nutrient for leguminous plants, but the effects of Mo exposure on plant growth, especially in relation to soil microorganisms, are not fully understood. This study employed alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) to evaluate the physiochemical responses to gradient soil Mo variations and explore the potential regulatory role of rhizosphere microorganism - arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in modulating Mo's impact on plant physiology, with a focus on metabolic pathways. The results showed that Mo exerted hormetic effect (facilitation at low doses; inhibition at high doses) on alfalfa growth, promoting biomass (below 90.94 mg/kg, with a 63.98 % maximum increase), root length (below 657.11 mg/kg, with a 39.29 % maximum increase), and plant height (below 304.03 mg/kg, with an 18.4 % maximum increase). Excess Mo (1000 mg/kg) resulted in a reduction in photosynthesis and biomass growth due to increased oxidative stress (p < 0.05). Within the stimulatory zones, AMF enhanced Mo accumulation in alfalfa, augmenting its phytological effects. Exceed the stimulatory zones, AMF enhanced alfalfa Fe uptake and reduced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by excess Mo by shifting the redox homeostasis-controlled enzyme from peroxidase (POD) to superoxide dismutase (SOD), thereby improving alfalfa's tolerance to Mo. Metabolomic analysis further revealed that AMF promoted the biosynthesis of indole acetic acid (IAA) and various amino acids in Mo-stressed alfalfa (p < 0.05), which accelerated alfalfa growth and mitigated Mo-induced phytotoxicity. These insights provide a foundation for developing sustainable management strategies for Mo-exposed soils using AMF inoculants, such as minimizing Mo fertilizer application in Mo-deficient soils and facilitating the reclamation of Mo-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongguang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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2
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Yang D, Wang L. Molybdenum-mediated nitrogen accumulation and assimilation in legumes stepwise boosted by the coexistence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and earthworms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:171840. [PMID: 38522544 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Molybdenum (Mo) is a critical micronutrient for nitrogen (N) metabolism in legumes, yet the impact of Mo on legume N metabolism in the context of natural coexistence with soil microorganisms remains poorly understood. This study investigated the dose-dependent effect of Mo on soil N biogeochemical cycling, N accumulation, and assimilation in alfalfa under conditions simulating the coexistence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and earthworms. The findings indicated that Mo exerted a hormetic effect on alfalfa N accumulation, facilitating it at low concentrations (below 29.98 mg/kg) and inhibiting it at higher levels. This inhibition was attributed to Mo-induced constraints on C supply for nitrogen fixation. Concurrently, AMF colonization enhanced C assimilation in Mo-treated alfalfas by promoting nutrients uptake, particularly Mg, which is crucial for chlorophyll synthesis. This effect was further amplified by earthworms, which improved AMF colonization (p < 0.05). In the soil N cycle, these organisms exerted opposing effects: AMF enhanced soil nitrification and earthworms reduced soil nitrate (NO3--N) reduction to jointly increase soil phyto-available N content (p < 0.05). Their combined action improved alfalfa N assimilation by restoring the protein synthesis pathway that is compromised by high Mo concentrations, specifically the activity of glutamine synthetase. These findings underscored the potential for soil microorganisms to mitigate N metabolic stress in legumes exposed to elevated Mo levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongguang Yang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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3
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Zhong X, Zhou C, Yin X, Zhang T, Xi J, Xu B, Jiang X. Tidal inundation and plant growth/decay impact redox-sensitive metal geochemistry and fluxes in salt marsh porewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169091. [PMID: 38056644 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
In dynamic coastal ecosystems, environmental factors can play important roles in the biogeochemical cycle of redox-sensitive metals. This work is focused on the impact of tidal inundation, plant growth and decay on the biogeochemical cycle of redox-sensitive metals (e.g., Fe, Mn, Mo, V and U) in salt marsh wetlands. Samples were collected from the salt marsh wetlands of the Yellow River Estuary under different tidal states and growth stages of plants (Phragmites australis). Compared to the concentration of redox-sensitive metals in the river water and seawater near the study area, Fe, Mn and U were enriched in salt marsh wetland, which might become a potential source of Fe, Mn and U in the coastal sea. Tidal inundation, plant growth and decay can affect redox-sensitive metals through changes in redox conditions; the plant can also affect them directly via root absorption or plant residue decomposition, especially for Mo. Calculations of diffusion flux between sediment porewater and tidal water show that these processes can increase diffusion by at least 16.7 % or decrease it by at least 65.7 %, even reversing the direction of diffusion, which can affect the accumulation of redox-sensitive metals in salt marsh wetlands. The results showed that tidal inundation and the decay of plant residue were not conducive to the accumulation of Fe and Mn but were beneficial to the accumulation of V and U in salt marsh wetlands. The plant growth showed the opposite pattern. The accumulation of Mo in salt marsh wetlands largely depends on ingestion by plants and the decay of plant residue. This research provides a scientific basis for the budget calculation of redox-sensitive metals in salt marsh wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihuang Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengzhen Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiahong Xi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Bochao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xueyan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
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4
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Li M, Zhang P, Guo Z, Zhao W, Li Y, Yi T, Cao W, Gao L, Tian CF, Chen Q, Ren F, Rui Y, White JC, Lynch I. Dynamic Transformation of Nano-MoS 2 in a Soil-Plant System Empowers Its Multifunctionality on Soybean Growth. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:1211-1222. [PMID: 38173352 PMCID: PMC10795185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Molybdenum disulfide (nano-MoS2) nanomaterials have shown great potential for biomedical and catalytic applications due to their unique enzyme-mimicking properties. However, their potential agricultural applications have been largely unexplored. A key factor prior to the application of nano-MoS2 in agriculture is understanding its behavior in a complex soil-plant system, particularly in terms of its transformation. Here, we investigate the distribution and transformation of two types of nano-MoS2 (MoS2 nanoparticles and MoS2 nanosheets) in a soil-soybean system through a combination of synchrotron radiation-based X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) and single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS). We found that MoS2 nanoparticles (NPs) transform dynamically in soil and plant tissues, releasing molybdenum (Mo) and sulfur (S) that can be incorporated gradually into the key enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism and the antioxidant system, while the rest remain intact and act as nanozymes. Notably, there is 247.9 mg/kg of organic Mo in the nodule, while there is only 49.9 mg/kg of MoS2 NPs. This study demonstrates that it is the transformation that leads to the multifunctionality of MoS2, which can improve the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and growth. Therefore, MoS2 NPs enable a 30% increase in yield compared to the traditional molybdenum fertilizer (Na2MoO4). Excessive transformation of MoS2 nanosheets (NS) leads to the overaccumulation of Mo and sulfate in the plant, which damages the nodule function and yield. The study highlights the importance of understanding the transformation of nanomaterials for agricultural applications in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingshu Li
- Department
of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- College
of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- China
CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National
Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese
Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department
of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Zhiling Guo
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Weichen Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yuanbo Li
- College
of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tianjing Yi
- College
of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Weidong Cao
- Institute
of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Li Gao
- State
Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute
of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of
Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chang Fu Tian
- State
Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qing Chen
- College
of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Key
Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yukui Rui
- College
of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jason C. White
- The
Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | - Iseult Lynch
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
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González-Guerrero M, Navarro-Gómez C, Rosa-Núñez E, Echávarri-Erasun C, Imperial J, Escudero V. Forging a symbiosis: transition metal delivery in symbiotic nitrogen fixation. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 239:2113-2125. [PMID: 37340839 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation carried out by the interaction between legumes and rhizobia is the main source of nitrogen in natural ecosystems and in sustainable agriculture. For the symbiosis to be viable, nutrient exchange between the partners is essential. Transition metals are among the nutrients delivered to the nitrogen-fixing bacteria within the legume root nodule cells. These elements are used as cofactors for many of the enzymes controlling nodule development and function, including nitrogenase, the only known enzyme able to convert N2 into NH3 . In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on how iron, zinc, copper, and molybdenum reach the nodules, how they are delivered to nodule cells, and how they are transferred to nitrogen-fixing bacteria within.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel González-Guerrero
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Navarro-Gómez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Elena Rosa-Núñez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Carlos Echávarri-Erasun
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Imperial
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Viviana Escudero
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, 28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
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6
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Hille R, Niks D. Application of EPR and related methods to molybdenum-containing enzymes. Methods Enzymol 2022; 666:373-412. [PMID: 35465925 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A description is provided of the contributions made to our understanding of molybdenum-containing enzymes through the application of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and related methods, by way of illustrating how these can be applied to better understand enzyme structure and function. An emphasis is placed on the use of EPR to identify both the coordination environment of the molybdenum coordination sphere as well as the structures of paramagnetic intermediates observed transiently in the course of reaction that have led to the elucidation of reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russ Hille
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States.
| | - Dimitri Niks
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
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7
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Melkikh AV, Sutormina MI. From leaves to roots: Biophysical models of transport of substances in plants. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 169-170:53-83. [PMID: 35114180 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The transport processes of substances in various plant tissues are extremely diverse. However, models aimed at elucidating the mechanisms of such processes are almost absent in the literature. A unified view of all these transport processes is necessary, considering the laws of statistical physics and thermodynamics. A model of active ion transport was constructed based on the laws of statistical physics. Using this model, we traced the entire pathway of substances and energy in a plant. The pathway included aspects of the production of energy in the process of photosynthesis, consumption of energy to obtain nutrients from the soil, transport of such substances to the main organelles of all types of plant cells, the rise of water with dissolved substances along the trunk to the leaves, and the evaporation of water, accompanied by a change in the percentage of isotopes caused by different rates of evaporation. Models of ion transport in the chloroplasts and mitochondria of plant cells have been constructed. A generalized model comprising plant cells and their vacuoles was analyzed. A model of the transport of substances in the roots of plants was also developed. Based on this model, the problem of transport of substances in tall trees has been considered. The calculated concentrations of ions in the vacuoles of cells and resting potentials agreed well with the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Melkikh
- Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia.
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8
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Spanu A, Valente M, Langasco I, Leardi R, Orlandoni AM, Ciulu M, Deroma MA, Spano N, Barracu F, Pilo MI, Sanna G. Effect of the irrigation method and genotype on the bioaccumulation of toxic and trace elements in rice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 748:142484. [PMID: 33113683 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The total concentration of three toxic elements (As, Cd and Pb) and five oligoelements (Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni and Se) has been determined using an original and completely validated ICP-MS method. This was applied to rice grains from 26 different genotypes cultivated in the same soil and irrigated with the same water in three different ways: by the traditional continuous flooding (CF) and by two intermittent methods, the sprinkler irrigation (SP) and the periodical saturation of the soil (SA). The adoption of SP hugely minimizes the average amounts of almost all elements in kernels (-98% for As, -90% for Se and Mn, -60% for Mo, -50% for Cd and Pb), with the only exception of Ni, whose concentration increases the average amount found in the CF rice by 7.5 times. Also SA irrigation is able to reduce the amounts of As, Mo and Pb in kernels but it significantly increases the amounts of Mn, Ni and - mainly - Cd. Also the nature of the genotype determined a wide variability of data within each irrigation method. Genotypes belonging to Indica subspecies are the best bioaccumulators of elements in both CF and SP methods and, never, the worst bioaccumulators for any element/irrigation method combination. In the principal component analysis, PC1 can differentiate samples irrigated by SP by those irrigated by CF and SA, whereas PC2 provides differentiation of CF samples by SA samples. When looking at the loading plot Ni is negatively correlated to the majority of the other elements, except Cu and Cd having negative loadings on PC2. These results allow to envisage that a proper combination of the irrigation method and the nature of rice genotype might be a very valuable tool in order to successfully achieve specific objectives of food safety or the attainment of functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Spanu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. De Nicola, 1, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Valente
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Langasco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Leardi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, Genova 16148, Italy.
| | | | - Marco Ciulu
- Department für Nutztierwissenschaften, Georg-August Universität, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, Göttingen 37075, Germany.
| | - Mario Antonello Deroma
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. De Nicola, 1, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Nadia Spano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Francesco Barracu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via E. De Nicola, 1, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Maria I Pilo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Gavino Sanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Vienna, 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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9
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Zuidersma EI, Ausma T, Stuiver CEE, Prajapati DH, Hawkesford MJ, De Kok LJ. Molybdate toxicity in Chinese cabbage is not the direct consequence of changes in sulphur metabolism. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:331-336. [PMID: 31675464 PMCID: PMC7065239 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In polluted areas, plants may be exposed to supra-optimal levels of the micronutrient molybdenum. The physiological basis of molybdenum phytotoxicity is poorly understood. Plants take up molybdenum as molybdate, which is a structural analogue of sulphate. Therefore, it is presumed that elevated molybdate concentrations may hamper the uptake and subsequent metabolism of sulphate, which may induce sulphur deficiency. In the current research, Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis) seedlings were exposed to 50, 100, 150 and 200 μm Na2 MoO4 for 9 days. Leaf chlorosis and a decreased plant growth occurred at concentrations ≥100 μm. Root growth was more affected than shoot growth. At ≥100 μm Na2 MoO4 , the sulphate uptake rate and capacity were increased, although only when expressed on a root fresh weight basis. When expressed on a whole plant fresh weight basis, which corrects for the impact of molybdate on the shoot-to-root ratio, the sulphate uptake rate and capacity remained unaffected. Molybdate concentrations ≥100 μm altered the mineral nutrient composition of plant tissues, although the levels of sulphur metabolites (sulphate, water-soluble non-protein thiols and total sulphur) were not altered. Moreover, the levels of nitrogen metabolites (nitrate, amino acids, proteins and total nitrogen), which are generally strongly affected by sulphate deprivation, were not affected. The root water-soluble non-protein thiol content was increased, and the tissue nitrate levels decreased, only at 200 μm Na2 MoO4 . Evidently, molybdenum toxicity in Chinese cabbage was not due to the direct interference of molybdate with the uptake and subsequent metabolism of sulphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Zuidersma
- Isotope Laboratory Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - T Ausma
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C E E Stuiver
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - D H Prajapati
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biotechnology, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, Gujarat, India
| | - M J Hawkesford
- Plant Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - L J De Kok
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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10
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Dai X, Nie G, Cao H, Xing C, Hu G, Zhang C. In vivo assessment of molybdenum and cadmium co-induced the mRNA levels of heat shock proteins, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis in shaoxing duck (Anas platyrhyncha) testicles. Poult Sci 2019; 98:5424-5431. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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11
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Reinforcing carbon fixation: CO 2 reduction replacing and supporting carboxylation. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2017; 49:49-56. [PMID: 28803187 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide enters the biosphere via one of two mechanisms: carboxylation, in which CO2 is attached to an existing metabolite, or reduction, in which CO2 is converted to formate or carbon monoxide before further assimilation. Here, we focus on the latter mechanism which usually receives less attention. To better understand the possible advantages of the 'reduction-first' approach, we compare the two general strategies according to the kinetics of the CO2-capturing enzymes, and the resource consumption of the subsequent pathways. We show that the best CO2 reducing enzymes can compete with the best carboxylases. We further demonstrate that pathways that fix CO2 by first reducing it to formate could have an advantage over the majority of their carboxylation-only counterparts in terms of ATP-efficiency and hence biomass yield. We discuss and elaborate on the challenges of implementing 'reduction-first' pathways, including the thermodynamic barrier of CO2 reduction. We believe that pathways based on CO2 reduction are a valuable addition to nature's arsenal for capturing inorganic carbon and could provide promising metabolic solutions that have been previously overlooked.
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12
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Qin SY, Sun XC, Hu CX, Tan QL, Zhao XH. Uptake, transport and distribution of molybdenum in two oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars under different nitrate/ammonium ratios. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 18:512-521. [PMID: 28585427 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of different nitrate sources on the uptake, transport, and distribution of molybdenum (Mo) between two oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars, L0917 and ZS11. METHODS A hydroponic culture experiment was conducted with four nitrate/ammonium (NO3-:NH4+) ratios (14:1, 9:6, 7.5:7.5, and 1:14) at a constant nitrogen concentration of 15 mmol/L. We examined Mo concentrations in roots, shoots, xylem and phloem sap, and subcellular fractions of leaves to contrast Mo uptake, transport, and subcellular distribution between ZS11 and L0917. RESULTS Both the cultivars showed maximum biomass and Mo accumulation at the 7.5:7.5 ratio of NO3-:NH4+ while those were decreased by the 14:1 and 1:14 treatments. However, the percentages of root Mo (14.8% and 15.0% for L0917 and ZS11, respectively) were low under the 7.5:7.5 treatment, suggesting that the equal NO3-:NH4+ ratio promoted Mo transportation from root to shoot. The xylem sap Mo concentration and phloem sap Mo accumulation of L0917 were lower than those of ZS11 under the 1:14 treatment, which suggests that higher NO3-:NH4+ ratio was more beneficial for L0917. On the contrary, a lower NO3-:NH4+ ratio was more beneficial for ZS11 to transport and remobilize Mo. Furthermore, the Mo concentrations of both the cultivars' leaf organelles were increased but the Mo accumulations of the cell wall and soluble fraction were reduced significantly under the 14:1 treatment, meaning that more Mo was accumulated in organelles under the highest NO3-:NH4+ ratio. CONCLUSIONS This investigation demonstrated that the capacities of Mo absorption, transportation and subcellular distribution play an important role in genotype-dependent differences in Mo accumulation under low or high NO3-:NH4+ ratio conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Qin
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,MOA Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xue-Cheng Sun
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,MOA Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Cheng-Xiao Hu
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,MOA Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qi-Ling Tan
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,MOA Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Hu Zhao
- Microelement Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,MOA Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Wuhan 430070, China
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Wang HW, Zhou BH, Zhang S, Guo HW, Zhang JL, Zhao J, Tian EJ. Reproductive toxicity in male mice after exposure to high molybdenum and low copper concentrations. Toxicol Ind Health 2016; 32:1598-606. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233715569269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of dietary high molybdenum (HMo) and low copper (LCu) concentrations on reproductive toxicity of male mice, 80 mice were divided into 4 groups of 20. These groups were fed with the following: (1) normal control (NC) diet (NC group); (2) NC and HMo diets (HMo group); (3) LCu diet (LCu group); and (4) HMo and LCu diets (HMoLCu group). On the 50th and 100th day, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were analyzed to determine oxidative stress states. Morphological changes in testicular tissue were evaluated with hematoxylin and eosin staining and ultrastructural changes were monitored by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that administration of HMo, LCu, and HMoLCu not only decreased sperm density and motility but also increased the rate of teratosperm occurrence. A significant increase in MDA content and a decrease in SOD, GSH-Px, and T-AOC contents were observed in LCu, HMo, and HMoLCu groups. Testicular tissues and cells of mice were damaged by HMo and the damages were more serious in the case of Cu deficiency. Exposure to HMo adversely affected the reproductive system of male mice, and dietary LCu plays key roles in HMo-induced reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bian-hua Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan, People’s Republic of China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-wei Guo
- Department of Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou College of Animal Husbandry Engineering, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji-liang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Er-jie Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Effects of Surface Structure and Chemical Composition of Binary Ti Alloys on Cell Differentiation. METALS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/met6070150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Huang XY, Salt DE. Plant Ionomics: From Elemental Profiling to Environmental Adaptation. MOLECULAR PLANT 2016; 9:787-97. [PMID: 27212388 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ionomics is a high-throughput elemental profiling approach to study the molecular mechanistic basis underlying mineral nutrient and trace element composition (also known as the ionome) of living organisms. Since the concept of ionomics was first introduced more than 10 years ago, significant progress has been made in the identification of genes and gene networks that control the ionome. In this update, we summarize the progress made in using the ionomics approach over the last decade, including the identification of genes by forward genetics and the study of natural ionomic variation. We further discuss the potential application of ionomics to the investigation of the ecological functions of ionomic alleles in adaptation to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yuan Huang
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK
| | - David E Salt
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK.
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16
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Sugimoto H, Sato M, Asano K, Suzuki T, Mieda K, Ogura T, Matsumoto T, Giles LJ, Pokhrel A, Kirk ML, Itoh S. A Model for the Active-Site Formation Process in DMSO Reductase Family Molybdenum Enzymes Involving Oxido-Alcoholato and Oxido-Thiolato Molybdenum(VI) Core Structures. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:1542-50. [PMID: 26816115 PMCID: PMC4912129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
New bis(ene-1,2-dithiolato)-oxido-alcoholato molybdenum(VI) and -oxido-thiolato molybdenum(VI) anionic complexes, denoted as [Mo(VI)O(ER)L2](-) (E = O, S; L = dimethoxycarboxylate-1,2-ethylenedithiolate), were obtained from the reaction of the corresponding dioxido-molybdenum(VI) precursor complex with either an alcohol or a thiol in the presence of an organic acid (e.g., 10-camphorsulfonic acid) at low temperature. The [Mo(VI)O(ER)L2](-) complexes were isolated and characterized, and the structure of [Mo(VI)O(OEt)L2](-) was determined by X-ray crystallography. The Mo(VI) center in [Mo(VI)O(OEt)L2](-) exhibits a distorted octahedral geometry with the two ene-1,2-dithiolate ligands being symmetry inequivalent. The computed structure of [Mo(VI)O(SR)L2](-) is essentially identical to that of [Mo(VI)O(OR)L2](-). The electronic structures of the resulting molybdenum(VI) complexes were evaluated using electronic absorption spectroscopy and bonding calculations. The nature of the distorted O(h) geometry in these [Mo(VI)O(EEt)L2](-) complexes results in a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital wave function that possesses strong π* interactions between the Mo(d(xy)) orbital and the cis S(p(z)) orbital localized on one sulfur donor from a single ene-1,2-dithiolate ligand. The presence of a covalent Mo-S(dithiolene) bonding interaction in these monooxido Mo(VI) compounds contributes to their low-energy ligand-to-metal charge transfer transitions. A second important d-p π bonding interaction derives from the ∼180° O(oxo)-Mo-E-C dihedral angle involving the alcoholate and thiolate donors, and this contributes to ancillary ligand contributions to the electronic structure of these species. The formation of [Mo(VI)O(OEt)L2](-) and [Mo(VI)O(SEt)L2](-) from the dioxidomolybdenum(VI) precursor may be regarded as a model for the active-site formation process that occurs in the dimethyl sulfoxide reductase family of pyranopterin molybdenum enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Sugimoto
- Department of Material and Life Science, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masanori Sato
- Department of Material and Life Science, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kaori Asano
- Comprehensive Analysis Center, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0057, Japan
| | - Takeyuki Suzuki
- Comprehensive Analysis Center, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0057, Japan
| | - Kaoru Mieda
- Picobiology Institute, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, RSC-UH Leading Program Center, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 678-0057, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogura
- Picobiology Institute, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, RSC-UH Leading Program Center, 1-1-1 Koto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 678-0057, Japan
| | | | - Logan J. Giles
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, MSC03 2060, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
| | - Amrit Pokhrel
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, MSC03 2060, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
| | - Martin L. Kirk
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, MSC03 2060, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
| | - Shinobu Itoh
- Department of Material and Life Science, Division of Advanced Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Watanabe T, Urayama M, Shinano T, Okada R, Osaki M. Application of ionomics to plant and soil in fields under long-term fertilizer trials. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:781. [PMID: 26702370 PMCID: PMC4684559 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1562-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ionomics is the study of elemental accumulation in living organisms using high-throughput elemental profiling. In the present study, we examined the ionomic responses to nutrient deficiency in maize grown in the field in long-term fertilizer trials. Furthermore, the available elements in the field soils were analyzed to investigate their changes under long-term fertilizer treatment and the ionomic relationships between plant and soil. Maize was cultivated in a field with the following five long-term fertilizer treatments: complete fertilization, fertilization without nitrogen, without phosphorus, without potassium, and no fertilization. Concentrations of 22 elements in leaves at an early flowering stage and in soils after harvest were determined. The fertilizer treatments changed the availabilities of many elements in soils. For example, available cesium was decreased by 39 % and increased by 126 % by fertilizations without nitrogen and potassium, respectively. Effects of treatments on the ionome in leaves were evaluated using the translocation ratio (the concentration in leaves relative to the available concentration in soils) for each element. Nitrogen deficiency specifically increased the uptake ability of molybdenum, which
might induce the enhancement of nitrogen assimilation and/or endophytic nitrogen fixation in plant. Potassium deficiency drastically enhanced the uptake ability of various cationic elements. These elements might act as alternatives to K in osmoregulation and counterion of organic/inorganic anions. Two major groups of elements were detected by multivariate analyses of plant ionome. Elements in the same group may be linked more or less in uptake and/or translocation systems. No significant correlation between plant and soil was found in concentrations of many elements, even though various soil extraction methods were applied, implying that the interactions between the target and other elements in soil must be considered when analyzing mineral dynamics between plant and soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Watanabe
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kitaku, Sapporo, 0608589 Japan
| | - Masaru Urayama
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kitaku, Sapporo, 0608589 Japan
| | - Takuro Shinano
- Agricultural Radiation Research Center, NARO Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, 50 Aza Harajyukuminami, Arai, Fukushima, 9602156 Japan
| | - Ryosuke Okada
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kitaku, Sapporo, 0608589 Japan
| | - Mitsuru Osaki
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-9, Nishi-9, Kitaku, Sapporo, 0608589 Japan
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18
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Nagano M, Ishikawa T, Ogawa Y, Iwabuchi M, Nakasone A, Shimamoto K, Uchimiya H, Kawai-Yamada M. Arabidopsis Bax inhibitor-1 promotes sphingolipid synthesis during cold stress by interacting with ceramide-modifying enzymes. PLANTA 2014; 240:77-89. [PMID: 24687220 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-014-2065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) is a widely conserved cell death suppressor localized in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Our previous results revealed that Arabidopsis BI-1 (AtBI-1) interacts with not only Arabidopsis cytochrome b 5 (Cb5), an electron transfer protein, but also a Cb5-like domain (Cb5LD)-containing protein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae fatty acid 2-hydroxylase 1, which 2-hydroxylates sphingolipid fatty acids. We have now found that AtBI-1 binds Arabidopsis sphingolipid Δ8 long-chain base (LCB) desaturases AtSLD1 and AtSLD2, which are Cb5LD-containing proteins. The expression of both AtBI-1 and AtSLD1 was increased by cold exposure. However, different phenotypes were observed in response to cold treatment between an atbi-1 mutant and a sld1sld2 double mutant. To elucidate the reasons behind the difference, we analyzed sphingolipids and found that unsaturated LCBs in atbi-1 were not altered compared to wild type, whereas almost all LCBs in sld1sld2 were saturated, suggesting that AtBI-1 may not be necessary for the desaturation of LCBs. On the other hand, the sphingolipid content in wild type increased in response to low temperature, whereas total sphingolipid levels in atbi-1 were unaltered. In addition, the ceramide-modifying enzymes AtFAH1, sphingolipid base hydroxylase 2 (AtSBH2), acyl lipid desaturase 2 (AtADS2) and AtSLD1 were highly expressed under cold stress, and all are likely to be related to AtBI-1 function. These findings suggest that AtBI-1 contributes to synthesis of sphingolipids during cold stress by interacting with AtSLD1, AtFAH1, AtSBH2 and AtADS2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Nagano
- Graduate School of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
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Norton GJ, Douglas A, Lahner B, Yakubova E, Guerinot ML, Pinson SRM, Tarpley L, Eizenga GC, McGrath SP, Zhao FJ, Islam MR, Islam S, Duan G, Zhu Y, Salt DE, Meharg AA, Price AH. Genome wide association mapping of grain arsenic, copper, molybdenum and zinc in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown at four international field sites. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89685. [PMID: 24586963 PMCID: PMC3934919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mineral concentrations in cereals are important for human health, especially for individuals who consume a cereal subsistence diet. A number of elements, such as zinc, are required within the diet, while some elements are toxic to humans, for example arsenic. In this study we carry out genome-wide association (GWA) mapping of grain concentrations of arsenic, copper, molybdenum and zinc in brown rice using an established rice diversity panel of ∼300 accessions and 36.9 k single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The study was performed across five environments: one field site in Bangladesh, one in China and two in the US, with one of the US sites repeated over two years. GWA mapping on the whole dataset and on separate subpopulations of rice revealed a large number of loci significantly associated with variation in grain arsenic, copper, molybdenum and zinc. Seventeen of these loci were detected in data obtained from grain cultivated in more than one field location, and six co-localise with previously identified quantitative trait loci. Additionally, a number of candidate genes for the uptake or transport of these elements were located near significantly associated SNPs (within 200 kb, the estimated global linkage disequilibrium previously employed in this rice panel). This analysis highlights a number of genomic regions and candidate genes for further analysis as well as the challenges faced when mapping environmentally-variable traits in a highly genetically structured diversity panel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J. Norton
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Douglas
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Brett Lahner
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Elena Yakubova
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Mary Lou Guerinot
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Shannon R. M. Pinson
- USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Lee Tarpley
- Texas A&M University System, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Beaumont, Texas, United States of America
| | - Georgia C. Eizenga
- USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, Arkansas, United States of America
| | | | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - M. Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Shofiqul Islam
- Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Guilan Duan
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongguan Zhu
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - David E. Salt
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew A. Meharg
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Adam H. Price
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Characterization of Chlamydomonas 102 and 104 Mutants Reveals Intermolecular Complementation in the Molybdenum Cofactor Protein CNX1E. Protist 2013; 164:116-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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21
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Hibara KI, Hosoki W, Hakoyama T, Ohmori Y, Fujiwara T, Itoh JI, Nagato Y. <i>ABNORMAL SHOOT IN YOUTH</i>, a Homolog of Molybdate Transporter Gene, Regulates Early Shoot Development in Rice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2013.45a001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Poormohammad Kiani S, Trontin C, Andreatta M, Simon M, Robert T, Salt DE, Loudet O. Allelic heterogeneity and trade-off shape natural variation for response to soil micronutrient. PLoS Genet 2012; 8:e1002814. [PMID: 22807689 PMCID: PMC3395621 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants have to cope with diverse environmental constraints that may vary through time and space, eventually leading to changes in the phenotype of populations through fixation of adaptive genetic variation. To fully comprehend the mechanisms of evolution and make sense of the extensive genotypic diversity currently revealed by new sequencing technologies, we are challenged with identifying the molecular basis of such adaptive variation. Here, we have identified a new variant of a molybdenum (Mo) transporter, MOT1, which is causal for fitness changes under artificial conditions of both Mo-deficiency and Mo-toxicity and in which allelic variation among West-Asian populations is strictly correlated with the concentration of available Mo in native soils. In addition, this association is accompanied at different scales with patterns of polymorphisms that are not consistent with neutral evolution and show signs of diversifying selection. Resolving such a case of allelic heterogeneity helps explain species-wide phenotypic variation for Mo homeostasis and potentially reveals trade-off effects, a finding still rarely linked to fitness. Plants are studied for their ability to adapt to their environment and especially to the physical constraints to which they are subjected. It is expected that they evolve in promoting genetic variants favorable under their native conditions, which could lead to negative consequences in other conditions. One approach to study the mechanisms and dynamics of these adaptations is to discover genetic variants that control potentially adaptive traits, and to study directly these variants in wild populations to try to reveal their evolutionary trajectory. We have identified a new polymorphism in a gene coding for a transporter of molybdenum (an essential micronutrient for the plant) in Arabidopsis; we show that this variant has strong phenotypic consequences at the level of plant growth and reproductive value in specific conditions, and that it explains a lot of the species diversity for these traits. Especially, the variant is associated with a clear negative effect under molybdenum-deficient conditions (caused by soil acidity) and with a subtle positive effect under molybdenum-plethoric conditions. Interestingly, the landscape distribution of the variant is not random among Asian populations and correlates well with the availability of molybdenum in the soil at the precise location where the plants are growing in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew Andreatta
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana United States of America
| | - Matthieu Simon
- INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Versailles, France
| | - Thierry Robert
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie, Systématique, et Evolution, Université Paris-Sud XI, Orsay, France
| | - David E. Salt
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana United States of America
| | - Olivier Loudet
- INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Versailles, France
- * E-mail:
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Mano Y, Nemoto K. The pathway of auxin biosynthesis in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:2853-72. [PMID: 22447967 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The plant hormone auxin, which is predominantly represented by indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), is involved in the regulation of plant growth and development. Although IAA was the first plant hormone identified, the biosynthetic pathway at the genetic level has remained unclear. Two major pathways for IAA biosynthesis have been proposed: the tryptophan (Trp)-independent and Trp-dependent pathways. In Trp-dependent IAA biosynthesis, four pathways have been postulated in plants: (i) the indole-3-acetamide (IAM) pathway; (ii) the indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPA) pathway; (iii) the tryptamine (TAM) pathway; and (iv) the indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOX) pathway. Although different plant species may have unique strategies and modifications to optimize their metabolic pathways, plants would be expected to share evolutionarily conserved core mechanisms for auxin biosynthesis because IAA is a fundamental substance in the plant life cycle. In this review, the genes now known to be involved in auxin biosynthesis are summarized and the major IAA biosynthetic pathway distributed widely in the plant kingdom is discussed on the basis of biochemical and molecular biological findings and bioinformatics studies. Based on evolutionarily conserved core mechanisms, it is thought that the pathway via IAM or IPA is the major route(s) to IAA in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Mano
- Graduate School of Bioscience, Tokai University, 317 Nishino, Numazu, Shizuoka 410-0321, Japan.
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