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Padilla-Roji I, Ruiz-Jiménez L, Bakhat N, Vielba-Fernández A, Pérez-García A, Fernández-Ortuño D. RNAi Technology: A New Path for the Research and Management of Obligate Biotrophic Phytopathogenic Fungi. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109082. [PMID: 37240427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Powdery mildew and rust fungi are major agricultural problems affecting many economically important crops and causing significant yield losses. These fungi are obligate biotrophic parasites that are completely dependent on their hosts for growth and reproduction. Biotrophy in these fungi is determined by the presence of haustoria, specialized fungal cells that are responsible for nutrient uptake and molecular dialogue with the host, a fact that undoubtedly complicates their study under laboratory conditions, especially in terms of genetic manipulation. RNA interference (RNAi) is the biological process of suppressing the expression of a target gene through double-stranded RNA that induces mRNA degradation. RNAi technology has revolutionized the study of these obligate biotrophic fungi by enabling the analysis of gene function in these fungal. More importantly, RNAi technology has opened new perspectives for the management of powdery mildew and rust diseases, first through the stable expression of RNAi constructs in transgenic plants and, more recently, through the non-transgenic approach called spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS). In this review, the impact of RNAi technology on the research and management of powdery mildew and rust fungi will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Padilla-Roji
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Laura Ruiz-Jiménez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Nisrine Bakhat
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Alejandra Vielba-Fernández
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pérez-García
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Dolores Fernández-Ortuño
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), 29071 Málaga, Spain
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Casarin S, Vincenzi S, Esposito A, Filippin L, Forte V, Angelini E, Bertazzon N. A successful defence strategy in grapevine cultivar 'Tocai friulano' provides compartmentation of grapevine Flavescence dorée phytoplasma. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:161. [PMID: 36964496 PMCID: PMC10039607 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavescence dorée (FD) is a grapevine disease caused by phytoplasma and it is one of the most destructive pathologies in Europe. Nowadays, the only strategies used to control the epidemics are insecticides against vector, but more sustainable techniques are required. Completely resistant Vitis vinifera varieties have not been uncovered yet, but differences in susceptibility among cultivars and spontaneous recovery from FD symptoms have been observed. The grapevine cultivar 'Tocai friulano' shows very low susceptibility to FD but its defence strategy to counteract the phytoplasma spread has not been deciphered yet. In this work, the mechanisms occurring within 'Tocai friulano' FD-infected plants were examined in depth to identify the phytoplasma distribution and the defence pathways involved. RESULTS In 'Tocai friulano' symptoms of FD-infection remained confined near the area where they appeared during all the vegetative season. Analyses of secondary phloem showed a total absence of FD phytoplasma (FDp) in the trunk and its disappearance in 2-year-old arms from July to November, which was different from 'Pinot gris', a highly susceptible variety. Diverse modulations of defence genes and accumulation of metabolites were revealed in 1-year-old canes of 'Tocai friulano' FD-infected plants, depending on the sanitary status. Symptomatic portions showed high activation of both jasmonate- and salicylate-mediated responses, together with a great accumulation of resveratrol. Whereas activation of jasmonate-mediated response and high content of ε-viniferin were identified in asymptomatic 1-year-old cane portions close to the symptomatic ones. CONCLUSION Successful defence mechanisms activated near the symptomatic areas allowed the compartmentation of FD symptoms and phytoplasmas within the infected 'Tocai friulano' plants. These results could suggest specific agronomical practices to be adopted during FD management of this variety, and drive research of resistance genes against FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Casarin
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology (CREA), Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015, Conegliano, TV, Italy
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze, 206, 33100, Udine, UD, Italy
| | - Simone Vincenzi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animal and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padua, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Antonella Esposito
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology (CREA), Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015, Conegliano, TV, Italy
| | - Luisa Filippin
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology (CREA), Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015, Conegliano, TV, Italy
| | - Vally Forte
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology (CREA), Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015, Conegliano, TV, Italy
| | - Elisa Angelini
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology (CREA), Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015, Conegliano, TV, Italy
| | - Nadia Bertazzon
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology (CREA), Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015, Conegliano, TV, Italy.
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Zarraonaindia I, Cretazzo E, Mena-Petite A, Díez-Navajas AM, Pérez-López U, Lacuesta M, Pérez-Álvarez EP, Puertas B, Fernandez-Diaz C, Bertazzon N, Cantos-Villar E. Holistic understanding of the response of grapevines to foliar application of seaweed extracts. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1119854. [PMID: 36923130 PMCID: PMC10010106 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1119854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Viticulture is highly dependent on phytochemicals to maintain good vineyard health. However, to reduce their accumulation in the environment, green regulations are driving the development of eco-friendly strategies. In this respect, seaweeds have proven to be one of the marine resources with the highest potential as plant protective agents, representing an environmentally-friendly alternative approach for sustainable wine production. The current work follows an interdisciplinary framework to evaluate the capacity of Ulva ohnoi and Rugulopteryx okamurae seaweeds to induce defense mechanisms in grapevine plants. To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate Rugulopteryx okamurae as a biostimulator . This macroalgae is relevant since it is an invasive species on the Atlantic and Mediterranean coast causing incalculable economic and environmental burdens. Four extracts (UL1, UL2, RU1 and RU2 developed from Ulva and Rugulopteryx, respectively) were foliar applied to Tempranillo plants cultivated under greenhouse conditions. UL1 and RU2 stood out for their capacity to induce defense genes, such as a PR10, PAL, STS48 and GST1, mainly 24 hours after the first application. The increased expression level of these genes agreed with i) an increase in trans-piceid and trans-resveratrol content, mainly in the RU2 treated leaves, and, ii) an increase in jasmonic acid and decrease in salicylic acid. Moreover, an induction of the activity of the antioxidant enzymes was observed at the end of the experiment, with an increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase in the RU2-treated leaves in particular. Interestingly, while foliar fungal diversity was not influenced by the treatments, alga extract amendment modified fungal composition, RU2 application enriching the content of various groups known for their biocontrol activity. Overall, the results evidenced the capacity of Rugulopteryx okamurae for grapevine biostimulation, inducing the activation of several secondary metabolite pathways and promoting the abundance of beneficial microbiota involved in grapevine protection. While further studies are needed to unravel the bioactive compound(s) involved, including conducting field experiments etc., the current findings are the first steps towards the inclusion of Rugulopteryx okamurae in a circular scheme that would reduce its accumulation on the coast and benefit the viticulture sector at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iratxe Zarraonaindia
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa (Bizkaia), Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Enrico Cretazzo
- Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA) Rancho de la Merced, Consejería de Agricultura, Pesca, Agua y Desarrollo Rural, Junta de Andalucía, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Amaia Mena-Petite
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz (Araba), Spain
| | - Ana M. Díez-Navajas
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo (NEIKER)-Basque Institute of Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Arkaute (Araba), Spain
| | - Usue Pérez-López
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Leioa (Bizkaia), Spain
| | - Maite Lacuesta
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz (Araba), Spain
| | - Eva Pilar Pérez-Álvarez
- VIENAP Group, Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo (ICVV), Carretera de Burgos, Logroño, Spain
| | - Belén Puertas
- Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA) Rancho de la Merced, Consejería de Agricultura, Pesca, Agua y Desarrollo Rural, Junta de Andalucía, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Catalina Fernandez-Diaz
- Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA) El Toruño, Consejería de Agricultura, Pesca, Agua y Desarrollo Rural, Junta de Andalucía, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Nadia Bertazzon
- The Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Conegliano, Italy
| | - Emma Cantos-Villar
- Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA) Rancho de la Merced, Consejería de Agricultura, Pesca, Agua y Desarrollo Rural, Junta de Andalucía, Cádiz, Spain
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Kaur M, Manchanda P, Kalia A, Ahmed FK, Nepovimova E, Kuca K, Abd-Elsalam KA. Agroinfiltration Mediated Scalable Transient Gene Expression in Genome Edited Crop Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10882. [PMID: 34639221 PMCID: PMC8509792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is one of the most commonly used genetic transformation method that involves transfer of foreign genes into target plants. Agroinfiltration, an Agrobacterium-based transient approach and the breakthrough discovery of CRISPR/Cas9 holds trending stature to perform targeted and efficient genome editing (GE). The predominant feature of agroinfiltration is the abolishment of Transfer-DNA (T-DNA) integration event to ensure fewer biosafety and regulatory issues besides showcasing the capability to perform transcription and translation efficiently, hence providing a large picture through pilot-scale experiment via transient approach. The direct delivery of recombinant agrobacteria through this approach carrying CRISPR/Cas cassette to knockout the expression of the target gene in the intercellular tissue spaces by physical or vacuum infiltration can simplify the targeted site modification. This review aims to provide information on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and implementation of agroinfiltration with GE to widen the horizon of targeted genome editing before a stable genome editing approach. This will ease the screening of numerous functions of genes in different plant species with wider applicability in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maninder Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India;
| | - Pooja Manchanda
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India;
| | - Anu Kalia
- Electron Microscopy and Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India;
| | - Farah K. Ahmed
- Biotechnology English Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 50005 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), 9-Gamaa St., Giza 12619, Egypt;
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Tyurin AA, Suhorukova AV, Kabardaeva KV, Goldenkova-Pavlova IV. Transient Gene Expression is an Effective Experimental Tool for the Research into the Fine Mechanisms of Plant Gene Function: Advantages, Limitations, and Solutions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1187. [PMID: 32933006 PMCID: PMC7569937 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A large data array on plant gene expression accumulated thanks to comparative omic studies directs the efforts of researchers to the specific or fine effects of the target gene functions and, as a consequence, elaboration of relatively simple and concurrently effective approaches allowing for the insight into the physiological role of gene products. Numerous studies have convincingly demonstrated the efficacy of transient expression strategy for characterization of the plant gene functions. The review goals are (i) to consider the advantages and limitations of different plant systems and methods of transient expression used to find out the role of gene products; (ii) to summarize the current data on the use of the transient expression approaches for the insight into fine mechanisms underlying the gene function; and (iii) to outline the accomplishments in efficient transient expression of plant genes. In general, the review discusses the main and critical steps in each of the methods of transient gene expression in plants; areas of their application; main results obtained using plant objects; their contribution to our knowledge about the fine mechanisms of the plant gene functions underlying plant growth and development; and clarification of the mechanisms regulating complex metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Irina V. Goldenkova-Pavlova
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences (IPP RAS), Moscow 127276, Russia; (A.A.T.); (A.V.S.); (K.V.K.)
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Tobar M, Fiore N, Pérez-Donoso AG, León R, Rosales IM, Gambardella M. Divergent molecular and growth responses of young "Cabernet Sauvignon" ( Vitis vinifera) plants to simple and mixed infections with Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:2. [PMID: 31908805 PMCID: PMC6938478 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0224-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine rupestris stem pitting associated virus (GRSPaV) is one of the most widely distributed viruses; even so, little is known about its effect on Vitis vinifera. To provide new insights, the effects of single and mixed GRSPaV infections on the V. vinifera cultivar "Cabernet Sauvignon" were studied by evaluating growth parameters, such as measurements of the total plant length, the number and distance of internodes and the number of leaves per shoot. In addition, parameters relating to gas exchange, i.e., the stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, internal CO2 concentration and leaf transpiration, were also assessed. All the measurements were performed in one- and two-year-old plants with a single GRSPaV infection or mixed infections of GRSPaV and Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV). The results show that the plant phytosanitary status did not significantly alter the growth and gas exchange parameters in one-year-old plants. However, in two-year-old plants, single GRSPaV infections increased shoot elongation, which was accompanied by the overexpression of genes associated with the gibberellic acid response pathway. The gas exchange parameters of these plants were negatively affected, despite exhibiting higher LHCII gene expression. Plants with mixed infections did not have modified growth parameters, although they presented a greater reduction in the primary photosynthetic parameters evaluated with no change in LHCII expression. The results presented here confirm the co-evolution hypothesis for V. vinifera and GRSPaV during the early stages of plant development, and they provide new evidence about the effects of GRSPaV and GFLV co-infections on the "Cabernet Sauvignon" cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Tobar
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Macul, Santiago, 7820436 Chile
| | - N. Fiore
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Avenida Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago, 8820808 Chile
| | - A. G. Pérez-Donoso
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Macul, Santiago, 7820436 Chile
| | - R. León
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Macul, Santiago, 7820436 Chile
| | - I. M. Rosales
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Macul, Santiago, 7820436 Chile
| | - M. Gambardella
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Vicuña Mackena 4860, Macul, Santiago, 7820436 Chile
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Nair P, Mall M, Sharma P, Khan F, Nagegowda DA, Rout PK, Gupta MM, Pandey A, Shasany AK, Gupta AK, Shukla AK. Characterization of a class III peroxidase from Artemisia annua: relevance to artemisinin metabolism and beyond. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:527-541. [PMID: 31093899 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00879-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A class III peroxidase from Artemisia annua has been shown to indicate the possibility of cellular localization-based role diversity, which may have implications in artemisinin catabolism as well as lignification. Artemisia annua derives its importance from the antimalarial artemisinin. The -O-O- linkage in artemisinin makes peroxidases relevant to its metabolism. Earlier, we identified three peroxidase-coding genes from A. annua, whereby Aa547 showed higher expression in the low-artemisinin plant stage whereas Aa528 and Aa540 showed higher expression in the artemisinin-rich plant stage. Here we carried out tertiary structure homology modelling of the peroxidases for docking studies. Maximum binding affinity for artemisinin was shown by Aa547. Further, Aa547 showed greater binding affinity for post-artemisinin metabolite, deoxyartemisinin, as compared to pre-artemisinin metabolites (dihydroartemisinic hydroperoxide, artemisinic acid, dihydroartemisinic acid). It also showed significant binding affinity for the monolignol, coniferyl alcohol. Moreover, Aa547 expression was related inversely to artemisinin content and directly to total lignin content as indicated by its transient silencing and overexpression in A. annua. Artemisinin reduction assay also indicated inverse relationship between Aa547 expression and artemisinin content. Subcellular localization using GFP fusion suggested that Aa547 is peroxisomal. Nevertheless, dual localization (intracellular/extracellular) of Aa547 could not be ruled out due to its effect on both, artemisinin and lignin. Taken together, this indicates possibility of localization-based role diversity for Aa547, which may have implications in artemisinin catabolism as well as lignification in A. annua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Nair
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India
| | - Maneesha Mall
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India
| | - Pooja Sharma
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India
| | - Feroz Khan
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India
| | - Dinesh A Nagegowda
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560065, India
| | - Prasant K Rout
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India
| | - Madan M Gupta
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India
| | - Alok Pandey
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India
| | - Ajit K Shasany
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India
| | - Anil K Gupta
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India
| | - Ashutosh K Shukla
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, U.P., 226015, India.
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Bertazzon N, Bagnaresi P, Forte V, Mazzucotelli E, Filippin L, Guerra D, Zechini A, Cattivelli L, Angelini E. Grapevine comparative early transcriptomic profiling suggests that Flavescence dorée phytoplasma represses plant responses induced by vector feeding in susceptible varieties. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:526. [PMID: 31242866 PMCID: PMC6595628 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5908-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Flavescence dorée is the most serious grapevine yellows disease in Europe. It is caused by phytoplasmas which are transmitted from grapevine to grapevine by the leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus. Differences in susceptibility among grapevine varieties suggest the existence of specific genetic features associated with resistance to the phytoplasma and/or possibly with its vector. In this work, RNA-Seq was used to compare early transcriptional changes occurring during the three-trophic interaction between the phytoplasma, its vector and the grapevine, represented by two different cultivars, one very susceptible to the disease and the other scarcely susceptible. Results The comparative analysis of the constitutive transcriptomic profiles suggests the existence of passive defense strategies against the insect and/or the phytoplasma in the scarcely-susceptible cultivar. Moreover, the attack by the infective vector on the scarcely-susceptible variety prompted immediate and substantial transcriptomic changes that led to the rapid erection of further active defenses. On the other hand, in the most susceptible variety the response was delayed and mainly consisted of the induction of phytoalexin synthesis. Surprisingly, the jasmonic acid- and ethylene-mediated defense reactions, activated by the susceptible cultivar following FD-free insect feeding, were not detected in the presence of the phytoplasma-infected vector. Conclusions The comparison of the transcriptomic response in two grapevine varieties with different levels of susceptibility to Flavescence dorèe highlighted both passive and active defense mechanisms against the vector and/or the pathogen in the scarcely-susceptible variety, as well as the capacity of the phytoplasmas to repress the defense reaction against the insect in the susceptible variety. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5908-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Bertazzon
- CREA Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, 31015, Conegliano (TV), Italy.
| | - Paolo Bagnaresi
- CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, 29017, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), Italy
| | - Vally Forte
- CREA Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, 31015, Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | | | - Luisa Filippin
- CREA Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, 31015, Conegliano (TV), Italy
| | - Davide Guerra
- CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, 29017, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), Italy
| | - Antonella Zechini
- CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, 29017, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), Italy
| | - Luigi Cattivelli
- CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics, 29017, Fiorenzuola d'Arda (PC), Italy
| | - Elisa Angelini
- CREA Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, 31015, Conegliano (TV), Italy
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De Bona GS, Adrian M, Negrel J, Chiltz A, Klinguer A, Poinssot B, Héloir MC, Angelini E, Vincenzi S, Bertazzon N. Dual Mode of Action of Grape Cane Extracts against Botrytis cinerea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:5512-5520. [PMID: 31008600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b07098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Crude extracts of Vitis vinifera canes represent a natural source of stilbene compounds with well characterized antifungals properties. In our trials, exogenous application of a stilbene extract (SE) obtained from grape canes on grapevine leaves reduces the necrotic lesions caused by Botrytis cinerea. The SE showed to possess a direct antifungal activity by inhibiting the mycelium growth. The activation of some grapevine defense mechanism was also investigated. H2O2 production and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation cascades as well as accumulation of stilbenoid phytoalexins were explored on grapevine cell suspension. Moreover, the transcription of genes encoding for proteins affecting defense responses was analyzed on grapevine plants. The SE induced some grapevine defense mechanisms including MAPK activation, and the expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes and of a gene encoding the glutathione-S-transferase 1 ( GST1) . By contrast, treatment of grapevine leaves with SE negatively regulates de novo stilbene production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marielle Adrian
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon , CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne , Franche-Comte , F-21000 Dijon , France
| | - Jonathan Negrel
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon , CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne , Franche-Comte , F-21000 Dijon , France
| | - Annick Chiltz
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon , CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne , Franche-Comte , F-21000 Dijon , France
| | - Agnès Klinguer
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon , CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne , Franche-Comte , F-21000 Dijon , France
| | - Benoît Poinssot
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon , CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne , Franche-Comte , F-21000 Dijon , France
| | - Marie-Claire Héloir
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon , CNRS, INRA, Université de Bourgogne , Franche-Comte , F-21000 Dijon , France
| | - Elisa Angelini
- CREA Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Via XXVIII Aprile 26 , Conegliano , Treviso 31015 , Italy
| | | | - Nadia Bertazzon
- CREA Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Via XXVIII Aprile 26 , Conegliano , Treviso 31015 , Italy
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10
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Duwadi K, Chen L, Menassa R, Dhaubhadel S. Identification, Characterization and Down-Regulation of Cysteine Protease Genes in Tobacco for Use in Recombinant Protein Production. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130556. [PMID: 26148064 PMCID: PMC4493103 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are an attractive host system for pharmaceutical protein production. Many therapeutic proteins have been produced and scaled up in plants at a low cost compared to the conventional microbial and animal-based systems. The main technical challenge during this process is to produce sufficient levels of recombinant proteins in plants. Low yield is generally caused by proteolytic degradation during expression and downstream processing of recombinant proteins. The yield of human therapeutic interleukin (IL)-10 produced in transgenic tobacco leaves was found to be below the critical level, and may be due to degradation by tobacco proteases. Here, we identified a total of 60 putative cysteine protease genes (CysP) in tobacco. Based on their predicted expression in leaf tissue, 10 candidate CysPs (CysP1-CysP10) were selected for further characterization. The effect of CysP gene silencing on IL-10 accumulation was examined in tobacco. It was found that the recombinant protein yield in tobacco could be increased by silencing CysP6. Transient expression of CysP6 silencing construct also showed an increase in IL-10 accumulation in comparison to the control. Moreover, CysP6 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), suggesting that ER may be the site of IL-10 degradation. Overall results suggest that CysP6 is important in determining the yield of recombinant IL-10 in tobacco leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishor Duwadi
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ling Chen
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON, Canada
| | - Rima Menassa
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sangeeta Dhaubhadel
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON, Canada
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11
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Krenek P, Samajova O, Luptovciak I, Doskocilova A, Komis G, Samaj J. Transient plant transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens: Principles, methods and applications. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1024-42. [PMID: 25819757 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is widely used as a versatile tool for development of stably transformed model plants and crops. However, the development of Agrobacterium based transient plant transformation methods attracted substantial attention in recent years. Transient transformation methods offer several applications advancing stable transformations such as rapid and scalable recombinant protein production and in planta functional genomics studies. Herein, we highlight Agrobacterium and plant genetics factors affecting transfer of T-DNA from Agrobacterium into the plant cell nucleus and subsequent transient transgene expression. We also review recent methods concerning Agrobacterium mediated transient transformation of model plants and crops and outline key physical, physiological and genetic factors leading to their successful establishment. Of interest are especially Agrobacterium based reverse genetics studies in economically important crops relying on use of RNA interference (RNAi) or virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technology. The applications of Agrobacterium based transient plant transformation technology in biotech industry are presented in thorough detail. These involve production of recombinant proteins (plantibodies, vaccines and therapeutics) and effectoromics-assisted breeding of late blight resistance in potato. In addition, we also discuss biotechnological potential of recombinant GFP technology and present own examples of successful Agrobacterium mediated transient plant transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Krenek
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Olga Samajova
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivan Luptovciak
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Doskocilova
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - George Komis
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jozef Samaj
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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12
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Jelly NS, Valat L, Walter B, Maillot P. Transient expression assays in grapevine: a step towards genetic improvement. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2014; 12:1231-45. [PMID: 25431200 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In the past few years, the usefulness of transient expression assays has continuously increased for the characterization of unknown gene function and metabolic pathways. In grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), one of the most economically important fruit crops in the world, recent systematic sequencing projects produced many gene data sets that require detailed analysis. Due to their rapid nature, transient expression assays are well suited for large-scale genetic studies. Although genes and metabolic pathways of any species can be analysed by transient expression in model plants, a need for homologous systems has emerged to avoid the misinterpretation of results due to a foreign genetic background. Over the last 10 years, various protocols have thus been developed to apply this powerful technology to grapevine. Using cell suspension cultures, somatic embryos, leaves or whole plantlets, transient expression assays enabled the study of the function, regulation and subcellular localization of genes involved in specific metabolic pathways such as the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids. Disease resistance genes that could be used for marker-assisted selection in conventional breeding or for stable transformation of elite cultivars have also been characterized. Additionally, transient expression assays have proved useful for shaping new tools for grapevine genetic improvement: synthetic promoters, silencing constructs, minimal linear cassettes or viral vectors. This review provides an update on the different tools (DNA constructs, reporter genes, vectors) and methods (Agrobacterium-mediated and direct gene transfer methods) available for transient gene expression in grapevine. The most representative results published thus far are then described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie S Jelly
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies & Environnement-EA 3991, Université de Haute Alsace, Colmar Cedex, France
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13
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Dang TVT, Windelinckx S, Henry IM, De Coninck B, Cammue BPA, Swennen R, Remy S. Assessment of RNAi-induced silencing in banana (Musa spp.). BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:655. [PMID: 25230584 PMCID: PMC4177175 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In plants, RNA- based gene silencing mediated by small RNAs functions at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level to negatively regulate target genes, repetitive sequences, viral RNAs and/or transposon elements. Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) or the RNA interference (RNAi) approach has been achieved in a wide range of plant species for inhibiting the expression of target genes by generating double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). However, to our knowledge, successful RNAi-application to knock-down endogenous genes has not been reported in the important staple food crop banana. RESULTS Using embryogenic cell suspension (ECS) transformed with ß-glucuronidase (GUS) as a model system, we assessed silencing of gusAINT using three intron-spliced hairpin RNA (ihpRNA) constructs containing gusAINT sequences of 299-nt, 26-nt and 19-nt, respectively. Their silencing potential was analysed in 2 different experimental set-ups. In the first, Agrobacterium-mediated co-transformation of banana ECS with a gusAINT containing vector and an ihpRNA construct resulted in a significantly reduced GUS enzyme activity 6-8 days after co-cultivation with either the 299-nt and 19-nt ihpRNA vectors. In the second approach, these ihpRNA constructs were transferred to stable GUS-expressing ECS and their silencing potential was evaluated in the regenerated in vitro plants. In comparison to control plants, transgenic plants transformed with the 299-nt gusAINT targeting sequence showed a 4.5 fold down-regulated gusA mRNA expression level, while GUS enzyme activity was reduced by 9 fold. Histochemical staining of plant tissues confirmed these findings. Northern blotting used to detect the expression of siRNA in the 299-nt ihpRNA vector transgenic in vitro plants revealed a negative relationship between siRNA expression and GUS enzyme activity. In contrast, no reduction in GUS activity or GUS mRNA expression occurred in the regenerated lines transformed with either of the two gusAINT oligo target sequences (26-nt and 19-nt). CONCLUSIONS RNAi-induced silencing was achieved in banana, both at transient and stable level, resulting in significant reduction of gene expression and enzyme activity. The success of silencing was dependent on the targeted region of the target gene. The successful generation of transgenic ECS for second transformation with (an)other construct(s) can be of value for functional genomics research in banana.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Feasibility Studies
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Glucuronidase/genetics
- Glucuronidase/metabolism
- Musa/embryology
- Musa/enzymology
- Musa/genetics
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- Plant Proteins/metabolism
- Plants, Genetically Modified/embryology
- Plants, Genetically Modified/enzymology
- Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Plant/genetics
- RNA, Plant/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Transfection
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuong Vi T Dang
- />Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Saskia Windelinckx
- />Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle M Henry
- />Department of Plant Biology and Genome Center, U.C.Davis, 451 E. Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Barbara De Coninck
- />Center of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- />Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno PA Cammue
- />Center of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- />Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rony Swennen
- />Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- />Bioversity International, Willem de Croylaan 42 bus 2455, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- />International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, P.O. Box 10, Duluti, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Serge Remy
- />Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Nassuth A, Siddiqua M, Xiao H, Moody MA, Carlow CE. Newly developed quantitative transactivation system shows difference in activation by Vitis CBF transcription factors on DRE/CRT elements. PLANT METHODS 2014; 10:32. [PMID: 25317201 PMCID: PMC4196112 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4811-10-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agroinfiltration-based transactivation systems can determine if a protein functions as a transcription factor, and via which promoter element. However, this activation is not always a yes or no proposition. Normalization for variation in plasmid delivery into plant cells, sample collection and protein extraction is desired to allow for a quantitative comparison between transcription factors or promoter elements. RESULTS We developed new effector and reporter plasmids which carry additional reporter genes, as well as a procedure to assay all three reporter enzymes from a single extract. The applicability of these plasmids was demonstrated with the analysis of CBF transcription factors and their target promoter sequence, DRE/CRT. Changes in the core DRE/CRT sequence abolished activation by Vitis CBF1 or Vitis CBF4, whereas changes in the surrounding sequence lowered activation by Vitis CBF1 but much less so for Vitis CBF4. The system also detected a reduction in activation due to one amino acid change in Vitis CBF1. CONCLUSIONS The newly developed effector and reporter plasmids improve the ability to quantitatively compare the activation on two different promoter elements by the same transcription factor, or between two different transcription factors on the same promoter element. The quantitative difference in activation by VrCBF1 and VrCBF4 on various DRE/CRT elements support the hypothesis that these transcription factors have unique roles in the cold acclimation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Nassuth
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2 W1 Canada
| | - Mahbuba Siddiqua
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2 W1 Canada
| | - Huogen Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2 W1 Canada
| | - Michelle A Moody
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2 W1 Canada
| | - Chevonne E Carlow
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2 W1 Canada
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15
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Andrieu A, Breitler JC, Siré C, Meynard D, Gantet P, Guiderdoni E. An in planta, Agrobacterium-mediated transient gene expression method for inducing gene silencing in rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2012; 5:23. [PMID: 24279881 PMCID: PMC4883685 DOI: 10.1186/1939-8433-5-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Localized introduction and transient expression of T-DNA constructs mediated by agro-infiltration of leaf tissues has been largely used in dicot plants for analyzing the transitivity and the cell-to cell movement of the RNAi signal. In cereals, however, the morphology of the leaf and particularly the structure of the leaf epidermis, prevent infiltration of a bacterial suspension in cells by simple pressure, a method otherwise successful in dicots leaves. This study aimed at establishing a rapid method for the functional analysis of rice genes based on the triggering of RNA interference (RNAi) following Agrobacterium-mediated transient transformation of leaves. RESULTS Using an agro-infection protocol combining a wound treatment and a surfactant, we were able to obtain in a reliable manner transient expression of a T-DNA-borne uidA gene in leaf cells of japonica and indica rice cultivars. Using this protocol to transiently inhibit gene expression in leaf cells, we introduced hairpin RNA (hpRNA) T-DNA constructs containing gene specific tags of the phytoene desaturase (OsPDS) and of the SLENDER 1 (OsSLR1) genes previously proven to trigger RNAi of target genes in stable transformants. SiRNA accumulation was observed in the agro-infected leaf area for both constructs indicating successful triggering of the silencing signal. Accumulation of secondary siRNA was observed in both stably and transiently transformed leaf tissues expressing the HpRNA OsSLR1 construct. Gene silencing signalling was investigated in monitoring the parallel time course of OsPDS-derived mRNA and siRNA accumulation in the agro-infiltrated leaf area and adjacent systemic sectors. The sensitive RT-Q-PCR method evidenced a consistent, parallel decrease of OsPDS transcripts in both the agroinfiltred and adjacent tissues, with a time lag for the latter. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the method is efficient at inducing gene silencing in the agro-infected leaf area. The transfer of low amounts of siRNA, probably occurring passively through the symplastic pathway from the agro-infected area, seemed sufficient to trigger degradation of target transcripts in the adjacent tissues. This method is therefore well suited to study the cell-to-cell movement of the silencing signal in a monocot plant and further test the functionality of natural and artificial miRNA expression constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Andrieu
- />CIRAD, UMR AGAP, TAA108/03, Av Agropolis, F-34398, Montpellier, Cedex 05 France
| | | | - Christelle Siré
- />CIRAD, UMR AGAP, TAA108/03, Av Agropolis, F-34398, Montpellier, Cedex 05 France
| | - Donaldo Meynard
- />CIRAD, UMR AGAP, TAA108/03, Av Agropolis, F-34398, Montpellier, Cedex 05 France
| | - Pascal Gantet
- />Université Montpellier II, UMR DIADE, F-34398, Montpellier, Cedex 05 France
| | - Emmanuel Guiderdoni
- />CIRAD, UMR AGAP, TAA108/03, Av Agropolis, F-34398, Montpellier, Cedex 05 France
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16
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Faizal A, Geelen D. Agroinfiltration of intact leaves as a method for the transient and stable transformation of saponin producing Maesa lanceolata. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2012; 31:1517-1526. [PMID: 22534683 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-012-1266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A method has been developed to genetically transform the medicinal plant Maesa lanceolata. Initially, we tested conditions for transient expression of GFP-bearing constructs in agroinfiltrated leaves. Leaf tissues of M. lanceolata were infiltrated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying a nuclear-targeted GFP construct to allow the quantification of the transformation efficiency. The number of transfected cells was depended on the bacterial density, bacterial strains, the co-cultivation time, and presence of acetosyringone. The transient transformation assay generated the highest ratio of transfected cells over non-transfected cells upon 5 days post-infiltration using A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404 at an OD₆₀₀ = 1.0 in the presence of 100 μM acetosyringone and in the absence of a viral suppressor construct. In a second series of experiments we set up a stable transformation protocol that resulted in the regeneration of kanamycin-resistant plants expressing nuclear GFP. This transformation protocol will be used to introduce overexpression and RNAi constructs into M. lanceolata plants that may interfere with triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis. KEY MESSAGE We have developed a transformation protocol for saponin producing Maesa lanceolata. Using the protocol reported here, now we are able to generate the tools for the modification of saponin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Faizal
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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17
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Visser M, Stephan D, Jaynes J, Burger J. A transient expression assay for the in planta efficacy screening of an antimicrobial peptide against grapevine bacterial pathogens. Lett Appl Microbiol 2012; 54:543-51. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2012.03244.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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