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N P, Parkash C, Bhatia R, Munshi AD, Rao M, Subhasmita S, Behera TK, Dey SS. An efficient and easy-to-use protocol for induction of haploids in cucumber through parthenogenic embryo development. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2024; 65:30. [PMID: 39377879 PMCID: PMC11461365 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-024-00436-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a model crop to study cell biology, including the development of haploids and doubled haploids in vegetable crops. In plant breeding, haploid and doubled haploids are valuable tools for developing pure homozygous inbred lines and accelerating genetic progress by reducing the time required for breeding cycles. Besides, the haploids are also valuable in genomic studies. We are reporting the induction of haploids in cucumber involving gynoecious and parthenocarpic genotypes for the first time. This study aimed to assess the efficient induction of haploids through pollination with gamma-irradiated pollen in cucumber. The effect of gamma irradiation dose on pollen viability and germination, fruit setting percentage, seed development, and haploid embryo development in cucumber hybrid genotypes were studied in detail. The goal was to utilize this information to produce haploid plants for genomics and transformation works in this model vegetable crop. RESULTS Pollination was done on six cucumber genotypes using varying doses of gamma rays (100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 Gy). Genotypes, doses of irradiation, and embryo developmental stage influenced the successful generation of in-vitro haploid plants. The optimal timeframe for embryo rescue was found to be 25 to 30 days after pollination. Haploid embryos were effectively induced using irradiated pollen at 400 to 500 Gy doses. Parthenogenetic plantlets were analyzed, and their ploidy level was confirmed through stomatal physiology, cytology (mitosis), and flow cytometry methods. CONCLUSION Through parthenogenic embryo development, it is possible to induce a large number of haploids in cucumber. This technique's power lies in its ability to streamline the breeding process, enhance genetic gain, and produce superior cultivars that contribute to sustainable agriculture and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeepkumara N
- Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- ICAR- Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Regional Station, Dirang, India
| | - Chander Parkash
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station, Katrain, Kullu, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Reeta Bhatia
- Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anilabha Das Munshi
- Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Mahesh Rao
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhashree Subhasmita
- Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Tusar Kanti Behera
- Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticulture Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shyam Sundar Dey
- Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
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Yin S, Li S, Sun L, Shi K, Fan S, Liu X, Ren H. Mutating the maternal haploid inducer gene CsDMP in cucumber produces haploids in planta. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1282-1285. [PMID: 37956174 PMCID: PMC10904314 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Mutation of DOMAIN OF UNKNOWN FUNCTION 679 MEMBRANE PROTEIN in cucumber induces in vivo maternal haploids and suggests prospects for cucurbit breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yin
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sen Li
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kexin Shi
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shanshan Fan
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xingwang Liu
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Huazhong Ren
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572000, China
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Chen X, Li Y, Ai G, Chen J, Guo D, Zhu Z, Zhu X, Tian S, Wang J, Liu M, Yuan L. Creation of a watermelon haploid inducer line via ClDMP3-mediated single fertilization of the central cell. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad081. [PMID: 37323231 PMCID: PMC10261877 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of doubled haploids is one of the most efficient breeding methods in modern agriculture. Irradiation of pollen grains has been shown to induce haploids in cucurbit crops, possibly because it causes preferential fertilization of the central cell over the egg cell. Disruption of the DMP gene is known to induce single fertilization of the central cell, which can lead to the formation of haploids. In the present study, a detailed method of creating a watermelon haploid inducer line via ClDMP3 mutation is described. The cldmp3 mutant induced haploids in multiple watermelon genotypes at rates of up to 1.12%. These haploids were confirmed via fluorescent markers, flow cytometry, molecular markers, and immuno-staining. The haploid inducer created by this method has the potential to greatly advance watermelon breeding in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiner Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuxiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Gongli Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Jinfan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Dalong Guo
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection Henan University of Science and Technology, 471000, Luoyang, China
| | - Zhonghou Zhu
- Luoyang Nongfa Agricultural Technology Co., LTD, 471100, Luoyang, China
| | - Xuejie Zhu
- Luoyang Nongfa Agricultural Technology Co., LTD, 471100, Luoyang, China
| | - Shujuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Northwest A&F University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiafa Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shanxi, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Northwest A&F University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Man Liu
- Corresponding author. E-mail: ,
| | - Li Yuan
- Corresponding author. E-mail: ,
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Marin-Montes IM, Rodríguez-Pérez JE, Robledo-Paz A, de la Cruz-Torres E, Peña-Lomelí A, Sahagún-Castellanos J. Haploid Induction in Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) via Gynogenesis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1595. [PMID: 35736746 PMCID: PMC9230027 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The generation of new hybrid varieties of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most widely used breeding method for this species and requires at least seven self-fertilization cycles to generate stable parent lines. The development of doubled haploids aims at obtaining completely homozygous lines in a single generation, although, to date, routine commercial application has not been possible in this species. In contrast, obtaining doubled haploid lines via gynogenesis has been successfully implemented in recalcitrant crops such as melon, cucumber, pumpkin, loquat and walnut. This review provides an overview of the requirements and advantages of gynogenesis as an inducer of haploidy in different agricultural crops, with the purpose of assessing the potential for its application in tomato breeding. Successful cases of gynogenesis variants involving in vitro culture of unfertilized ovules, use of 60Co-irradiated pollen, in vivo haploid inducers and wide hybridization are presented, suggesting that these methodologies could be implemented in tomato breeding programs to obtain doubled haploids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Maryn Marin-Montes
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo 56230, Mexico; (I.M.M.-M.); (J.E.R.-P.); (A.P.-L.)
| | - Juan Enrique Rodríguez-Pérez
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo 56230, Mexico; (I.M.M.-M.); (J.E.R.-P.); (A.P.-L.)
| | - Alejandrina Robledo-Paz
- Posgrado en Recursos Genéticos y Productividad, Colegio de Postgraduados, Montecillo 56230, Mexico;
| | | | - Aureliano Peña-Lomelí
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo 56230, Mexico; (I.M.M.-M.); (J.E.R.-P.); (A.P.-L.)
| | - Jaime Sahagún-Castellanos
- Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo 56230, Mexico; (I.M.M.-M.); (J.E.R.-P.); (A.P.-L.)
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Nyirahabimana F, Shimira F, Zahid G, Solmaz I. Recent status of Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) Technology in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.): a review. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5547-5554. [PMID: 35596053 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07469-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Current and advanced breeding tools are being used to improve economically important horticultural crops to meet the consumers' needs and preferences. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) is an extremely useful tool in the investigation and analysis of the genetic diversity of different cultivars. Based on a broad range of genetic backgrounds like single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs), GBS is known as a novel technique to facilitate the detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) regions robustly linked with interested traits compared to genome-wide association study (GWAS) and QTL. GBS has gained popularity among breeders in recent years and it is also employed in cucumber breeding programs. Cucumbers (C. sativus L.) are monoecious, gynoecious and some of them are parthenocarpic species. Cucumber is one of the most economical and essential crops in the Cucurbitaceae family. For time immemorial, cucumber has been produced and consumed all over the world like other cucurbits. To a large extent, cultivated cucurbits are beneficial to human health for providing necessary minerals and fibers.Therefore, this review portrays the current status of advances made by using GBS and its combination with other tools in various studies of cucumber such as the use of GBS and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, GBS and GWAS, also with QTL and marker-assisted selection (MAS) are applied to display and detect explicit genetic architecture complex traits in crops and chromosome rearrangements.Cucumber breeding programs have undoubtedly benefited from genotyping-by-sequencing. Using the GBS method, research discovered lots of new candidate genes that control various traits including spine color, fruit stalk-end color, and disease resistance in cucumber lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fildaus Nyirahabimana
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Flavien Shimira
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ghassan Zahid
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Solmaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
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Baktemur G, Keleş D, Kara E, Yıldız S, Taşkın H. Effects of genotype and nutrient medium on obtaining haploid plants through ovary culture in cucumber. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5451-5458. [PMID: 35182320 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07238-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cucumber is a species that breeding studies for variety development are carried out intensively. However, double haploidy technology, which aims to shorten the breeding process, has not yet reached the desired level. METHODS AND RESULTS Three induction (M1: Murashige and Skoog (MS), 0.04 mg L-1 Thidiazuron (TDZ); M2: MS, 0.15 mg L-1 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 1.5 mg L-1 Kinetin; M3: MS, 0.1 mg L-1 2,4-D, 1 mg L-1 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and one regeneration (MS, 0.2 mg L-1 BAP, 0.05 mg L-1 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) media and 31 cucumber genotypes were used. At the end of study, in terms of embryo formation, M3 (33.41 embryos per 100 cultured ovaria, 99.61 embryos per 100 developed ovaria) and M2 (30.70 embryos per 100 cultured ovaria, 122.05 embryos per 100 developed ovaria) were found to be better than M1 (17.54 embryos per 100 cultured ovaria, 68.34 embryos per 100 developed ovaria). For plant formation, M1 (13.23 plants per 100 embryos) and M2 were found to be more succesful than M3. Ploidy analyses performed on 72 of 98 plants through flow cytrometry showed that obtained plants were various ploidy level (34.72% haploid, 37.5% diploid, 22.22% mixoploid, and 5.55% tetraploid). CONCLUSIONS According to the results of the research, 2,4-D added to the nutrient media seems to be successful in induction of ovary culture in cucumber. In plants determined as diploid according to ploidy analysis, doubled haploid situation should be checked by molecular analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Baktemur
- Department of Plant Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas, Turkey.
| | - Davut Keleş
- Alata Horticultural Research Institute, 33740, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ecem Kara
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
| | - Serhat Yıldız
- Alata Horticultural Research Institute, 33740, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Hatıra Taşkın
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, 01330, Adana, Turkey
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7
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Production of Doubled Haploid Plants in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Through Anther Culture. Methods Mol Biol 2021. [PMID: 34270063 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1331-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
As in any other economically important crop, the possibility of producing fully homozygous, doubled haploid lines in cucumber allows for faster and cheaper breeding. At present, the fastest way to doubled haploidy is the production of cucumber haploid plants and duplication of their chromosomes to make them doubled haploid. In this chapter, we describe a complete protocol to successfully produce cucumber doubled haploid plants, including the evaluation of their ploidy level by flow cytometry. Briefly, this protocol involves a first step of anther culture to induce microspores to divide and proliferate forming calli. The calli produced are isolated from anthers and transferred first to a liquid medium and then to a solid medium to induce organogenesis. Organogenic shoots will eventually give rise to entire DH plants.
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8
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Hooghvorst I, Nogués S. Chromosome doubling methods in doubled haploid and haploid inducer-mediated genome-editing systems in major crops. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:255-270. [PMID: 32975636 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02605-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The doubled haploid technique aims to generate pure inbred lines for basic research and as commercial cultivars. The doubled haploid technique first generates haploid plants and is followed by chromosome doubling, which can be separated in time or overlapped, depending the procedure for each species. For a long time, much effort has been focused on haploid production via androgenesis, gynogenesis, or parthenogenesis. The obtention of haploid plants has frequently required more optimization and has lagged behind research and improvements in chromosome doubling methods. Nevertheless, chromosome doubling has recently been of renewed interest to increase the rates and efficiency of doubled haploid plant production through trialing and optimizing of different procedures. New antimitotic compounds and application methods are being studied to ensure the success of chromosome doubling once haploid material has been regenerated. Moreover, a haploid inducer-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing system is a breakthrough method in the production of haploid plant material and could be of great importance for species where traditional haploid regeneration methods have not been successful, or for recalcitrant species. In all cases, the new deployment of this system will demand a suitable chromosome doubling protocol. In this review, we explore the existing doubled haploid and chromosome doubling methods to identify opportunities to enhance the breeding process in major crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidre Hooghvorst
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciencies Ambientals, Secció de Fisiologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Rocalba S.A., c/Barcelona 15 PO BOX 156, 17002, Girona, Spain.
| | - Salvador Nogués
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciencies Ambientals, Secció de Fisiologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Abstract
Doubled haploid (DH) technology is very advantageous in plant breeding. This technique is beneficial for reducing the time required to obtain pure lines and contributes to the selection efficiency. Using this technique, 100% homozygosity can be achieved in a single generation, while the development of stable lines using the traditional self-pollination method takes from 6 to 8 years. It has long been used in diverse crops including cucurbits. DHs can be obtained via parthenogenesis (pollination mostly with irradiated pollen), gynogenesis (in vitro culture of ovules and ovaries), and androgenesis (in vitro culture of microspores and anthers). All these methods have been used for over 30 years to develop haploid and DH lines in cucurbit crops. Nowadays, many researchers benefit from these techniques routinely. However, there are still many limits for using DH technology in watermelon breeding programmes. The number of developed DH lines is still very low.In this chapter, we present a protocol based on the different studies on haploids and DHs induced in watermelon through irradiated pollen technique, unfertilized ovule/ovary culture and anther/microspore culture. According to the results of all these studies, it is crucial to develop an efficient protocol for haploid embryo induction to enhance the frequency of obtaining haploid embryos in watermelon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebahat Sari
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Ilknur Solmaz
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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10
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d'Hooghvorst I, Torrico O, Nogués S. Doubled Haploid Parthenogenetic Production of Melon 'Piel de Sapo'. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2289:87-95. [PMID: 34270064 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1331-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Parthenogenesis is the main technique to produce doubled haploid lines in melon. Although parthenogenesis is a genotype-dependent process and melon has a huge genotypic diversity, we developed a successful protocol for haploid embryo production via pollination with irradiated pollen and a protocol for chromosome doubling of haploid plants of 'Piel de Sapo' genotypes. 'Piel de sapo' genotype has lower efficiencies during the process in comparison with other genotypes, for instance, of the agrestis subspecies. Nevertheless, the doubled haploid lines produced have a great potential as pure parentals for hybrid seed production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidre d'Hooghvorst
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciencies Ambientals, Secció de Fisiologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,ROCALBA S.A., Girona, Spain.
| | - Oscar Torrico
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciencies Ambientals, Secció de Fisiologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salvador Nogués
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciencies Ambientals, Secció de Fisiologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Seguí-Simarro JM, Jacquier NMA, Widiez T. Overview of In Vitro and In Vivo Doubled Haploid Technologies. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2287:3-22. [PMID: 34270023 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1315-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Doubled haploids (DH) have become a powerful tool to assist in different basic research studies, and also in applied research. The principal (but not the only) and routine use of DH by breeding companies is to produce pure lines for hybrid seed production in different crop species. Several decades after the discovery of haploid inducer lines in maize and of anther culture as a method to produce haploid plants from pollen precursors, the biotechnological revolution of the last decades allowed to the development of a variety of approaches to pursue the goal of doubled haploid production. Now, it is possible to produce haploids and DHs in many different species, because when a method does not work properly, there are several others to test. In this chapter, we overview the currently available approaches used to produce haploids and DHs by using methods based on in vitro culture, or involving the in vivo induction of haploid embryo development, or a combination of both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Seguí-Simarro
- Cell Biology Group, Ciudad Politécnica de la Innovación (CPI), COMAV Institute - Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Nathanaël M A Jacquier
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Lyon, France.,Limagrain, Limagrain Field Seeds, Research Center, Gerzat, France
| | - Thomas Widiez
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Lyon, France
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12
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Abstract
The completely homozygous genetic background of doubled haploids (DHs) has many applications in breeding programs and research studies. Haploid induction and chromosome doubling of induced haploids are the two main steps of doubled haploid creation. Both steps have their own complexities. Chromosome doubling of induced haploids may happen spontaneously, although usually at a low rate. Therefore, artificial/induced chromosome doubling of haploid cells/plantlets is necessary to produce DHs at an acceptable level. The most common method is using some mitotic spindle poisons that target the organization of the microtubule system. Colchicine is a well-known and widely used antimitotic. However, there are substances alternative to colchicine in terms of efficiency, toxicity, safety, and genetic stability, which can be applied in in vitro and in vivo pathways. Both pathways have their own advantages and disadvantages. However, in vitro-induced chromosome doubling has been much preferred in recent years, maybe because of the dual effect of antimitotic agents (haploid induction and chromosome doubling) in just one step, and the reduced generation of chimeras. Plant genotype, the developmental stage of initial haploids, and type-concentration-duration of application of antimitotic agents, are top influential parameters on chromosome doubling efficiency. In this review, we highlight different aspects related to antimitotic agents and to plant parameters for successful chromosome doubling and high DH yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran E Shariatpanahi
- Department of Tissue and Cell Culture, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Niazian
- Field and Horticultural Crops Research Department, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Behzad Ahmadi
- Department of Maize and Forage Crops Research, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Karaj, Iran
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Jacquier NMA, Gilles LM, Pyott DE, Martinant JP, Rogowsky PM, Widiez T. Puzzling out plant reproduction by haploid induction for innovations in plant breeding. NATURE PLANTS 2020; 6:610-619. [PMID: 32514145 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0664-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Mixing maternal and paternal genomes in embryos is not only responsible for the evolutionary success of sexual reproduction, but is also a cornerstone of plant breeding. However, once an interesting gene combination is obtained, further genetic mixing is problematic. To rapidly fix genetic information, doubled haploid plants can be produced: haploid embryos having solely the genetic information from one parent are allowed to develop, and chromosome doubling generates fully homozygous plants. A powerful path to the production of doubled haploids is based on haploid inducer lines. A simple cross between a haploid inducer line and the line with gene combinations to be fixed will trigger haploid embryo development. However, the exact mechanism behind in planta haploid induction remains an enduring mystery. The recent discoveries of molecular actors triggering haploid induction in the maize crop and the model Arabidopsis thaliana pinpoint an essential role of processes related to gamete development, gamete interactions and genome stability. These findings enabled translation of haploid induction capacity to other crops as well as the use of haploid inducer lines to deliver genome editing machinery into various crop varieties. These recent advances not only hold promise for the next generations of plant breeding strategies, but they also provide a deeper insight into the fundamental bases of sexual reproduction in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathanaël M A Jacquier
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Lyon, France
- Limagrain, Limagrain Field Seeds, Research Centre, Gerzat, France
| | - Laurine M Gilles
- Limagrain, Limagrain Field Seeds, Research Centre, Gerzat, France
| | - Douglas E Pyott
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Lyon, France
| | | | - Peter M Rogowsky
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Widiez
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Lyon, France.
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Lentini Z, González Á, Tabares E, Buitrago ME, Wêdzony M. Studies on Gynogenesis Induction in Cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) Unpollinated Ovule Culture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:365. [PMID: 32318083 PMCID: PMC7147354 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important crop for subsistence farming in tropical and subtropical regions. There is a need to increase the rate of genetic gain to develop varieties adapted to new environmental conditions affected by climate change, which also influences the patterns of pests and diseases. The rate of cassava genetic improvement is limited by the difficulty in obtaining true-breeding types (inbred/homozygous lines). Cassava inbreeding obtained through conventional sequential self-pollination increases exposure of useful recessive traits and breeding value of progenitors. However, it takes 10-15 years to produce homozygous lines through successive self-pollination. Doubled haploid (DH) technology is a functional alternative to progressive self-pollination, and is already widely used in major crops to accelerate inbreeding. This work aimed at developing a protocol for the culture of isolated ovules and the induction of gynogenesis in cassava. Basic groundbreaking studies on cassava embryo sac development are presented. A protocol using unpollinated ovules collected from ovaries 1 day after anthesis is described. In the unpollinated-cultured ovules, the presence of embryos formed probably from the egg cells and not surrounded by the endosperm, was documented by anatomical analyses. This achievement is an important first step in the development of a reproducible gynogenesis protocol for the generation of doubled haploids in cassava. This protocol can also be useful as a starting point to obtain DHs using alternative methods of induction such as pollination of cassava with pollen of distant species or with cassava pollen irradiated with gamma rays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Lentini
- Center of Specialized Natural and Biotechnological Ingredients (CINEB), School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Álfora González
- School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Eddie Tabares
- School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - María E. Buitrago
- Center of Specialized Natural and Biotechnological Ingredients (CINEB), School of Natural Sciences, Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Maria Wêdzony
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, Kraków, Poland
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Lu J, Liu JN, Sarsaiya S, Duns GJ, Han J, Jin L, Chen J. Phenotypic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Two Pinellia ternata Varieties T2 line and T2Plus line. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4614. [PMID: 32165650 PMCID: PMC7067869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61512-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Pinellia (Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit.), as important medicinal plant, has been used to treat various ailments for a long time. The sixteen ploid plant (2n = 16 * 13 = 208) Pinellia T2Plus line was obtained from an octoploid (2n = 8 * 13 = 104) T2 line by chromosome-doubling technique. Compared with T2 line, the content of various medicinal components (polysaccharide, guanosine, adenosine and ephedrine) was increased in T2Plus line. In this study, the transcriptome of T2 line and T2Plus line were characterized by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enrichment analysis on differential expressed unigenes (DEGs) revealed that multiple metabolic pathway were enriched significantly, such as 'Starch and sucrose metabolism', 'Purine metabolism', 'Photosynthesis' and six transcription factors (MYB, WRKY, bHLH, lateral organ boundaries domain (LBD), homeodomain-zipper (HD-ZIP) and Ethylene-responsive factor (ERF)) play a key role in difference of transcriptome between T2 line and T2Plus line. These metabolic pathways and transcription factors may play an important role in the difference of medicinal components and epigenetic features between these two Pinellia cultivars. This conclusion provides a robust theoretical basis for the mechanism of the formation of medicinal ingredients in Pinellia cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, Jiangsu, China
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian Ning Liu
- KeGene Science & Technology Co. Ltd., Nantianmen Middle Road, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Surendra Sarsaiya
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Gregory Joseph Duns
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, Jiangsu, China
- AirChem Consulting and Research, London, Ontario, N5X OE2, Canada
| | - Jing Han
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Leilei Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jishuang Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, Jiangsu, China.
- Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
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Hooghvorst I, Torrico O, Hooghvorst S, Nogués S. In situ Parthenogenetic Doubled Haploid Production in Melon "Piel de Sapo" for Breeding Purposes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:378. [PMID: 32318086 PMCID: PMC7147342 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Doubled haploids in cucurbit species are produced through in situ parthenogenesis via pollination with irradiated pollen for further use as parental lines for hybrid F1 production. In this study, seven genotypes of melon "Piel de Sapo" were appraised for agronomic traits and pathogen resistances to evaluate its commercial value and used as donor plant material for the parthenogenetic process. Then, in situ parthenogenetic capacity of melon "Piel de Sapo" germplasm was evaluated and optimized. Several steps of the parthenogenetic process were assessed in this study such as melon fruit set after pollination with irradiated pollen, haploid embryo obtention, in vitro germination and growth of parthenogenetic embryos and plantlets, in vitro and in vivo chromosome doubling with colchicine or oryzalin and fruit set of doubled haploid lines. Parthenogenetic efficiencies of "Piel de Sapo" genotypes showed a high genotypic dependency during the whole process. Three different methods were assayed for parthenogenetic embryo detection: one-by-one, X-ray and liquid medium. X-ray radiography of seeds was four times faster than one-by-one method and jeopardized eight times less parthenogenetic embryo obtention than liquid medium. One third of melon fruits set after pollination with irradiated pollen contained at least one parthenogenetic embryo. The 50.94% of the embryos rescued did not develop into plantlets because failed to germinate or plantlet died at the first stages of development because of deleterious gene combination in haploid homozygosity. The distribution of the ploidy-level of the 26 parthenogenetic plantlets obtained was: 73.08% haploid, 23.08% spontaneous doubled haploid and 3.84% mixoploid. Two in vitro chromosome doubling methods, with colchicine or oryzalin, were compared with a third in vivo colchicine method. In vivo immersion of apical meristems in a colchicine solution for 2 h showed the highest results of plant survival, 57.33%, and chromosome doubling, 9.30% mixoploids and 20.93% doubled haploids. Fruit set and seed recovery of doubled haploids lines was achieved. In this study, doubled haploid lines were produced from seven donor genotypes of melon "Piel de Sapo," however, further improvements are need in order to increase the parthenogenetic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidre Hooghvorst
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciencies Ambientals, Secció de Fisiologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- ROCALBA S.A., Girona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Isidre Hooghvorst,
| | - Oscar Torrico
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciencies Ambientals, Secció de Fisiologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Salvador Nogués
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciencies Ambientals, Secció de Fisiologia Vegetal, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Niazian M, Shariatpanahi ME, Abdipour M, Oroojloo M. Modeling callus induction and regeneration in an anther culture of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) using image processing and artificial neural network method. PROTOPLASMA 2019; 256:1317-1332. [PMID: 31055656 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-019-01379-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Doubled haploids, subsequent to haploid induction, have wide range of applications in basic and applied plant studies. Various parameters can affect the efficiency of haploid induction through an anther culture of tomato. The hybrid system of image processing-artificial neural network (ANN) was used to better understand callus induction and regeneration in an anther culture of tomato. The effect of parameters such as plant genotype, the concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin (Kin) plant growth regulators, the concentration of gum arabic (GA) additive, the cold pretreatment duration, and flower length on callus induction percentage and number of regenerated calli in an anther culture of tomato were studied using multiple linear regression (MLR) and ANN models. The precise flower bud length was measured using an image processing technique. The 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) analysis showed that the flowers with 5-6.9 mm length had the highest percentage of the mid- to late-uninucleate microspore stage. The best ANN model for both callus induction percentage and number of regenerated calli was a model with one hidden layer, 12-15 neurons in the first hidden layer, Levenberg-Marquardt learning algorithm, and Tan-Sigmoid transfer function in hidden layer, based on the root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and coefficient of determination (R2) statistics. The scatter plot of measured values versus the predicted values showed the superiority of the ANN to MLR model to predict the callus induction percentage in an anther culture of tomato. The sensitivity analysis of MLR and ANN models revealed the plant genotype and 2,4-D concentration as the most important factors affecting both callus induction percentage and number of regenerated calli. Since tomato is a recalcitrant plant to androgenesis-based pathway of haploid induction, therefore the results of the present study can be helpful to develop an efficient haploid induction protocol in tomato through an anther culture pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Niazian
- Department of Tissue and Cell Culture, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mahdasht Road, P.O. Box 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mehran E Shariatpanahi
- Department of Tissue and Cell Culture, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mahdasht Road, P.O. Box 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Moslem Abdipour
- Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), C.P. 75891-72050. Blvd. Keshavarzi, Yasouj, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Oroojloo
- Department of Tissue and Cell Culture, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mahdasht Road, P.O. Box 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran
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