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Jung WJ, Jeong JH, Yoon JS, Seo YW. Genome-wide identification of the plant homeodomain-finger family in rye and ScPHD5 functions in cold tolerance and flowering time. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:142. [PMID: 38744747 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03226-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE 111 PHD genes were newly identified in rye genome and ScPHD5's role in regulating cold tolerance and flowering time was suggested. Plant homeodomain (PHD)-finger proteins regulate the physical properties of chromatin and control plant development and stress tolerance. Although rye (Secale cereale L.) is a major winter crop, PHD-finger proteins in rye have not been studied. Here, we identified 111 PHD genes in the rye genome that exhibited diverse gene and protein sequence structures. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that PHDs were genetically close in monocots and diverged from those in dicots. Duplication and synteny analyses demonstrated that ScPHDs have undergone several duplications during evolution and that high synteny is conserved among the Triticeae species. Tissue-specific and abiotic stress-responsive gene expression analyses indicated that ScPHDs were highly expressed in spikelets and developing seeds and were responsive to cold and drought stress. One of these genes, ScPHD5, was selected for further functional characterization. ScPHD5 was highly expressed in the spike tissues and was localized in the nuclei of rye protoplasts and tobacco leaves. ScPHD5-overexpressing Brachypodium was more tolerant to freezing stress than wild-type (WT), with increased CBF and COR gene expression. Additionally, these transgenic plants displayed an extremely early flowering phenotype that flowered more than two weeks earlier than the WT, and vernalization genes, rather than photoperiod genes, were increased in the WT. RNA-seq analysis revealed that diverse stress response genes, including HSPs, HSFs, LEAs, and MADS-box genes, were also upregulated in transgenic plants. Our study will help elucidate the roles of PHD genes in plant development and abiotic stress tolerance in rye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Joo Jung
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Jeong
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Yoon
- Ojeong Plant Breeding Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Yong Weon Seo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
- Ojeong Plant Breeding Research Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
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Zheng P, Liu M, Pang L, Sun R, Yao M, Wang X, Kang Z, Liu J. Stripe rust effector Pst21674 compromises wheat resistance by targeting transcription factor TaASR3. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2806-2824. [PMID: 37706535 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Pathogens compromise host defense responses by strategically secreting effector proteins. However, the molecular mechanisms by which effectors manipulate disease-resistance factors to evade host surveillance remain poorly understood. In this study, we characterized a Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) effector Pst21674 with a signal peptide. Pst21674 was significantly upregulated during Pst infections in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and knocking down Pst21674 by host-induced gene silencing led to reduced Pst pathogenicity and restricted hyphal spread in wheat. Pst21674 interaction with the abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced protein TaASR3 was validated mainly in the nucleus. Size exclusion chromatography, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and luciferase complementation imaging assays confirmed that TaASR3 could form a functional tetramer. Virus-induced gene silencing and overexpression demonstrated that TaASR3 contributes to wheat resistance to stripe rust by promoting accumulation of reactive oxygen species and cell death. Additionally, transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of defense-related genes was regulated in transgenic wheat plants overexpressing TaASR3. Interaction between Pst21674 and TaASR3 interfered with the polymerization of TaASR3 and suppressed TaASR3-mediated transcriptional activation of defense-related genes. These results indicate that Pst21674 serves as an important virulence factor secreted into the host nucleus to impede wheat resistance to Pst, possibly by targeting and preventing polymerization of TaASR3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengxue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijing Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mohan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Ying S, Scheible WR, Lundquist PK. A stress-inducible protein regulates drought tolerance and flowering time in Brachypodium and Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:643-659. [PMID: 36264121 PMCID: PMC9806587 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To cope with environmental stresses and ensure maximal reproductive success, plants have developed strategies to adjust the timing of their transition to reproductive growth. This has a substantial impact on the stress resilience of crops and ultimately on agricultural productivity. Here, we report a previously uncharacterized, plant-specific gene family designated as Regulator of Flowering and Stress (RFS). Overexpression of the BdRFS gene in Brachypodium distachyon delayed flowering, increased biomass accumulation, and promoted drought tolerance, whereas clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated knockout mutants exhibited opposite phenotypes. A double T-DNA insertional mutant in the two Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) homologs replicated the effects on flowering and water deprivation seen in the B. distachyon CRISPR knockout lines, highlighting the functional conservation of the family between monocots and dicots. Lipid analysis of B. distachyon and Arabidopsis revealed that digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) contents were significantly, and reciprocally, altered in overexpressor and knockout mutants. Importantly, alteration of C16:0-containing PC, a Flowering Locus T-interacting lipid, associated with flowering phenotype, with elevated levels corresponding to earlier flowering. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis suggested that BdRFS interacts with phospholipase Dα1 as well as several other abscisic acid-related proteins. Furthermore, reduction of C18:3 fatty acids in DGDG corresponded with reduced jasmonic acid metabolites in CRISPR mutants. Collectively, we suggest that stress-inducible RFS proteins represent a regulatory component of lipid metabolism that impacts several agronomic traits of biotechnological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Ying
- Authors for correspondence: (P.K.L.) and (S.Y.)
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Zhang Y, Ma H, Zhou T, Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Wang C. ThASR3 confers salt and osmotic stress tolerances in transgenic Tamarix and Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:586. [PMID: 36517747 PMCID: PMC9749169 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03942-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ASR (abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced) gene family plays a crucial role in responding to abiotic stresses in plants. However, the roles of ASR genes protecting plants against high salt and drought stresses remain unknown in Tamarix hispida. RESULTS In this study, a salt and drought-induced ASR gene, ThASR3, was isolated from Tamarix hispida. Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing ThASR3 exhibited stimulating root growth and increasing fresh weight compared with wild-type (WT) plants under both salt and water deficit stresses. To further analyze the gain- and loss-of-function of ThASR3, the transgenic T. hispida plants overexpressing or RNA interference (RNAi)-silencing ThASR3 were generated using transient transformation. The overexpression of ThASR3 in Tamarix and Arabidopsis plants displayed enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capability under high salt and osmotic stress conditions, including increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the contents of proline and betaine, and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage rates. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that ThASR3 functions as a positive regulator in Tamarix responses to salt and osmotic stresses and confers multiple abiotic stress tolerances in transgenic plants, which may have an important application value in the genetic improvement of forest tree resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Huijun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Tianchang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China.
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Kim JH, Jung WJ, Kim MS, Ko CS, Yoon JS, Hong MJ, Shin HJ, Seo YW. Molecular characterization of wheat floret development-related F-box protein (TaF-box2): Possible involvement in regulation of Arabidopsis flowering. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13677. [PMID: 35316541 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the floret development stage is an important step in determining grain yield per spike; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying floret development remain unclear. In this study, we elucidated the role of TaF-box2, a member of the F-box-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligases, which is involved in floret development and anthesis of wheat. TaF-box2 was transiently expressed in the plasma membrane and cytoplasm of both tobacco and wheat. We also found that the SCFF-box2 (Skp1-Cul1-Rbx1-TaF-box2) ubiquitin ligase complex mediated self-ubiquitination activity. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants that constitutively overexpressed TaF-box2 showed markedly greater hypocotyl and root length than wild-type plants, and produced early flowering phenotypes. Flowering-related genes were significantly upregulated in TaF-box2-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants. Further protein interaction analyses such as yeast two-hybrid, in vitro pull-down, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays confirmed that TaF-box2 physically interacted with TaCYCL1 (Triticum aestivum cyclin-L1-1). Ubiquitination and degradation assays demonstrated that TaCYCL1 was ubiquitinated by SCFF-box2 and degraded through the 26S proteasome complex. The physiological functions of the TaF-box2 protein remain unclear; however, we discuss several potential routes of involvement in various physiological mechanisms which counteract flowering in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Joo Jung
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Seok Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Seop Ko
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Yoon
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Hong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Shin
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Weon Seo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Decena MA, Gálvez-Rojas S, Agostini F, Sancho R, Contreras-Moreira B, Des Marais DL, Hernandez P, Catalán P. Comparative Genomics, Evolution, and Drought-Induced Expression of Dehydrin Genes in Model Brachypodium Grasses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2664. [PMID: 34961135 PMCID: PMC8709310 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dehydration proteins (dehydrins, DHNs) confer tolerance to water-stress deficit in plants. We performed a comparative genomics and evolutionary study of DHN genes in four model Brachypodium grass species. Due to limited knowledge on dehydrin expression under water deprivation stress in Brachypodium, we also performed a drought-induced gene expression analysis in 32 ecotypes of the genus' flagship species B. distachyon showing different hydric requirements. Genomic sequence analysis detected 10 types of dehydrin genes (Bdhn) across the Brachypodium species. Domain and conserved motif contents of peptides encoded by Bdhn genes revealed eight protein architectures. Bdhn genes were spread across several chromosomes. Selection analysis indicated that all the Bdhn genes were constrained by purifying selection. Three upstream cis-regulatory motifs (BES1, MYB124, ZAT) were detected in several Bdhn genes. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that only four Bdhn1-Bdhn2, Bdhn3, and Bdhn7 genes, orthologs of wheat, barley, rice, sorghum, and maize genes, were expressed in mature leaves of B. distachyon and that all of them were more highly expressed in plants under drought conditions. Brachypodium dehydrin expression was significantly correlated with drought-response phenotypic traits (plant biomass, leaf carbon and proline contents and water use efficiency increases, and leaf water and nitrogen content decreases) being more pronounced in drought-tolerant ecotypes. Our results indicate that dehydrin type and regulation could be a key factor determining the acquisition of water-stress tolerance in grasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angeles Decena
- Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ctra. Cuarte km 1, 22071 Huesca, Spain; (M.A.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Sergio Gálvez-Rojas
- ETSI Informática, Universidad de Málaga, Blvr Louis Pasteur 35, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (S.G.-R.); (F.A.)
| | - Federico Agostini
- ETSI Informática, Universidad de Málaga, Blvr Louis Pasteur 35, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (S.G.-R.); (F.A.)
- Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste, UNNE-CONICET, Corrientes W3402, Argentina
| | - Ruben Sancho
- Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ctra. Cuarte km 1, 22071 Huesca, Spain; (M.A.D.); (R.S.)
- Grupo de Bioquímica, Biofísica y Biología Computacional (BIFI, UNIZAR), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Bruno Contreras-Moreira
- Grupo de Bioquímica, Biofísica y Biología Computacional (BIFI, UNIZAR), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Estación Experimental de Aula Dei-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - David L. Des Marais
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Environmental and Life Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 15 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;
| | - Pilar Hernandez
- Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible, IAS-CSIC, Menendez Pidal Ave, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Pilar Catalán
- Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca, Universidad de Zaragoza, Ctra. Cuarte km 1, 22071 Huesca, Spain; (M.A.D.); (R.S.)
- Grupo de Bioquímica, Biofísica y Biología Computacional (BIFI, UNIZAR), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenin Ave, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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Kim JH, Kim MS, Prasad D, Jung WJ, Seo YW. Molecular characterization of the wheat putative proline-rich protein TaELF7 and its involvement in the negative regulation of Arabidopsis flowering. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 262:153439. [PMID: 34023806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Late stages of floret development, such as booting, heading, and anthesis stages, are important steps for determining grain setting and for filling in wheat. Herein, we report the molecular function of Triticum aestivum ELF7 encoding RNA polymerase II-associated factor 1 (PAF1), which may act as a negative regulator in floret development and anthesis stages. Among the six TaELF7-like genes isolated from wheat, TaELF7 like1-A and TaELF7 like2-B showed contrasting expression levels during the late stage of floret development stages, with observation of decreased expression level of TaELF7 like1-A compared to that of TaELF7 like2-B. The full-length TaELF7 like1-A has a 1038-bp open reading frame that contains a proline-rich domain in the N-terminal region and a nuclear localization signal domain in the C-terminal region. TaELF7 like1-A was found to be localized in the nucleus in both tobacco and wheat. Direct interaction of TaELF7 with the RING-type E3 ligase TaHUB2 was confirmed using a yeast two-hybrid system, an in vitro pull-down assay, and a bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay. The flowering time was delayed in TaELF7-overexpressing plants compared to that in the control plants. Expression levels of few floral repressor genes were markedly increased in TaELF7-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Seok Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Depika Prasad
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Joo Jung
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Weon Seo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JH, Khan IU, Lee CW, Kim DY, Jang CS, Lim SD, Park YC, Kim JH, Seo YW. Identification and analysis of a differentially expressed wheat RING-type E3 ligase in spike primordia development during post-vernalization. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:543-558. [PMID: 33423075 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02651-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We identified a RING-type E3 ligase (TaBAH1) protein in winter wheat that targets TaSAHH1 for degradation and might be involved in primordia development by regulating targeted protein degradation. Grain yield per spike in wheat (Triticum aestivum), is mainly determined prior to flowering during mature primordia development; however, the genes involved in primordia development have yet to be characterized. In this study, we demonstrated that, after vernalization for 50 days at 4 °C, there was a rapid acceleration in primordia development to the mature stages in the winter wheat cultivars Keumgang and Yeongkwang compared with the Chinese Spring cultivar. Although Yeongkwang flowers later than Keumgang under normal condition, it has the same heading time and reaches the WS9 stage of floral development after vernalization for 50 days. Using RNA sequencing, we identified candidate genes associated with primordia development in cvs. Keumgang and Yeongkwang, that are differentially expressed during wheat reproductive stages. Among these, the RING-type E3 ligase TaBAH1 (TraesCS5B01G373000) was transcriptionally upregulated between the double-ridge (WS2.5) stage and later stages of floret primordia development (WS10) after vernalization. Transient expression analysis indicated that TaBAH1 was localized to the plasma membrane and nucleus and was characterized by self-ubiquitination activity. Furthermore, we found that TaBAH1 interacts with TaSAHH1 to mediate its polyubiquitination and degradation through a 26S proteasomal pathway. Collectively, the findings of this study indicate that TaBAH1 might play a prominent role in post-vernalization floret primordia development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Irfan Ullah Khan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Won Lee
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yeon Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Seong Jang
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Don Lim
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Chan Park
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Kim
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 200-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Weon Seo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Yacoubi I, Hamdi K, Fourquet P, Bignon C, Longhi S. Structural and Functional Characterization of the ABA-Water Deficit Stress Domain from Wheat and Barley: An Intrinsically Disordered Domain behind the Versatile Functions of the Plant Abscissic Acid, Stress and Ripening Protein Family. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052314. [PMID: 33652546 PMCID: PMC7956565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ASR protein family has been discovered thirty years ago in many plant species and is involved in the tolerance of various abiotic stresses such as dehydration, salinity and heat. Despite its importance, nothing is known about the conserved ABA-Water Deficit Stress Domain (ABA-WDS) of the ASR gene family. In this study, we characterized two ABA-WDS domains, isolated from durum wheat (TtABA-WDS) and barley (HvABA-WDS). Bioinformatics analysis shows that they are both consistently predicted to be intrinsically disordered. Hydrodynamic and circular dichroism analysis indicate that both domains are largely disordered but belong to different structural classes, with HvABA-WDS and TtABA-WDS adopting a PreMolten Globule-like (PMG-like) and a Random Coil-like (RC-like) conformation, respectively. In the presence of the secondary structure stabilizer trifluoroethanol (TFE) or of increasing glycerol concentrations, which mimics dehydration, the two domains acquire an α-helical structure. Interestingly, both domains are able to prevent heat- and dehydration-induced inactivation of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Furthermore, heterologous expression of TtABA-WDS and HvABA-WDS in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae improves its tolerance to salt, heat and cold stresses. Taken together our results converge to show that the ABA-WDS domain is an intrinsically disordered functional domain whose conformational plasticity could be instrumental to support the versatile functions attributed to the ASR family, including its role in abiotic stress tolerance. Finally, and after validation in the plant system, this domain could be used to improve crop tolerance to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Yacoubi
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Street Sidi Mansour Km 6, Sfax 3018, Tunisia;
- Correspondence: (I.Y.); (S.L.)
| | - Karama Hamdi
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Street Sidi Mansour Km 6, Sfax 3018, Tunisia;
| | - Patrick Fourquet
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marseille Protéomique, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, 27 Bvd Leï Roure, CS 30059, 13273 Marseille CEDEX 09, France;
| | - Christophe Bignon
- Lab. Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), UMR 7257, Aix-Marseille University and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 932, 13288 Marseille CEDEX 09, France;
| | - Sonia Longhi
- Lab. Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), UMR 7257, Aix-Marseille University and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 163 Avenue de Luminy, Case 932, 13288 Marseille CEDEX 09, France;
- Correspondence: (I.Y.); (S.L.)
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Yoon JS, Kim JY, Kim DY, Seo YW. A novel wheat ASR gene, TaASR2D, enhances drought tolerance in Brachypodium distachyon. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 159:400-414. [PMID: 33229191 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced (ASR) proteins play an important role in protecting plants against adverse environmental conditions. Here, we identified 24 ASR genes in the wheat genome and analyzed their characteristics. Among these, five ASR genes highly induced by abscisic acid (ABA) and polyethylene glycol were cloned and further characterized. The TaASR genes were expressed in response to different abiotic stresses and ABA and were found to be localized in the nucleus and plasma membrane of transformed tobacco cells. Brachypodium distachyon transgenic plants overexpressing TaASR2D showed enhanced drought tolerance by regulating leaf transpiration. The expression levels of stress-related and ABA-responsive genes were higher in transgenic plants than in wild-type plants under drought stress conditions. Moreover, overexpression of TaASR2D increased the levels of both endogenous ABA and hydrogen peroxide in response to drought stress, and these plants showed hypersensitivity to exogenous ABA at the germination stage. Furthermore, plants overexpressing TaASR2D showed increased stomatal closure. Further analysis revealed that TaASR2D interacts with ABA biosynthesis and stress-related proteins in yeast and tobacco plants. Collectively, these findings indicate that TaASR2D plays an important role in the response of plants to drought stress by regulating the ABA biosynthesis pathway and redox homeostasis system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Seok Yoon
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yoon Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Plant Resources, Kongju National University, Yesan, Chungnam, 32439, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yeon Kim
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Weon Seo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Characterization of ASR gene and its role in drought tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234550. [PMID: 32663226 PMCID: PMC7360048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chickpea has a profound nutritional and economic value in vegetarian society. Continuous decline in chickpea productivity is attributed to insufficient genetic variability and different environmental stresses. Chickpea like several other legumes is highly susceptible to terminal drought stress. Multiple genes control drought tolerance and ASR gene plays a key role in regulating different plant stresses. The present study describes the molecular characterization and functional role of Abscissic acid and stress ripening (ASR) gene from chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and the gene sequence identified was submitted to NCBI Genbank (MK937569). Molecular analysis using MUSCLE software proved that the ASR nucleotide sequences in different legumes show variations at various positions though ASR genes are conserved in chickpea with only few variations. Sequence similarity of ASR gene to chickpea putative ABA/WDS induced protein mRNA clearly indicated its potential involvement in drought tolerance. Physiological screening and qRT-PCR results demonstrated increased ASR gene expression under drought stress possibly enabled genotypes to perform better under stress. Conserved domain search, protein structure analysis, prediction and validation, network analysis using Phyre2, Swiss-PDB viewer, ProSA and STRING analysis established the role of hypothetical ASR protein NP_001351739.1 in mediating drought responses. NP_001351739.1 might have enhanced the ASR gene activity as a transcription factor regulating drought stress tolerance in chickpea. This study could be useful in identification of new ASR genes that play a major role in drought tolerance and also develop functional markers for chickpea improvement.
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Genome-wide identification and abiotic stress response patterns of abscisic acid stress ripening protein family members in Triticum aestivum L. Genomics 2020; 112:3794-3802. [PMID: 32304713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
ASR (ABA-stress-ripening) genes play important roles in regulating plant growth and stress responses. This study identified 29 ASR genes in wheat. 23 pairs of tandem duplication genes and six pairs of segmental duplication genes were found in wheat ASR (TaASR) gene family, respectively. It is speculated that gene duplication event is the main driving force of TaASR genes evolution. Using published RNA-seq data and the qRT-PCR results of 12 TaASR genes, we analyzed the expression profiles for TaASR genes under abiotic stresses. It found that most of the genes mainly responded to salt and low temperature stress. Finally, subcellular localization and self-activation experiments showed that the proteins encoded by 12 TaASR genes were all located in the nucleus and cell membrane, and the full-length proteins had self-activation activity, which supported their role as transcription factors. This study provides a scientific basis for a comprehensive understanding of the TaASR gene family.
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Ye Y, Lin R, Su H, Chen H, Luo M, Yang L, Zhang M. The functional identification of glycine-rich TtASR from Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kuntze involving in plant abiotic stress tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 143:212-223. [PMID: 31518852 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we reported on an ASR gene (TtASR) related to salt/drought tolerance from the edible halophyte Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kuntze (Aizoaceae). A phylogenetic analysis revealed that TtASR was evolutionarily close to other two halophytic glycine-rich ASR members, SbASR-1 (from Salicornia brachiate) and SlASR (from Suaeda liaotungensis), with a typical abscisic acid (ABA)/water-deficit stress (WDS) domain at C-terminal. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses showed that TtASR was expressed in all tested different organs of the T. tetragonoides plant and that expression levels were apparently induced after salt, osmotic stress, and ABA treatments in T. tetragonoides seedlings. An induction of TtASR improved the growth performance of yeast and bacteria more than the control under high salinity, osmotic stress, and oxidative stress. TtASR was not a nuclear-specific protein in plant, and the transcriptional activation assay also demonstrated that TtASR could not activate reporter gene's expression in yeast. TtASR overexpressed Arabidopsis plants exhibited higher tolerance for salt/drought and oxidative stresses and lower ROS accumulation than wild type (WT) plants, accompanied by increased CAT, SOD activities, higher proline content, and lower MDA content in vivo. The results indicated that the TtASR was involved in plant responses to salt and drought, probably by mediating water homeostasis or by acting as ROS scavengers, and that it decreased the membrane damage and improved cellular osmotic adjustment that respond to abiotic stresses in microorganisms and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Ruoyi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China; College of Resources and Environment, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, PR China.
| | - Huaxiang Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China; College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, PR China.
| | - Hongfeng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China.
| | - Ming Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China.
| | - Lixiang Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Mei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany & Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China.
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