1
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Fan P, Sha F, Ma C, Wei Q, Zhou Y, Shi J, Fu J, Zhang L, Han B, Li J. 10-Hydroxydec-2-Enoic Acid Reduces Hydroxyl Free Radical-Induced Damage to Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Rescuing Protein and Energy Metabolism. Front Nutr 2022; 9:873892. [PMID: 35711556 PMCID: PMC9196250 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.873892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
10-Hydroxydec-2-enoic acid (10-HDA), an unsaturated hydroxyl fatty acid from the natural food royal jelly, can protect against cell and tissue damage, yet the underlying mechanisms are still unexplored. We hypothesized that the neutralization of the hydroxyl free radical (•OH), the most reactive oxygen species, is an important factor underlying the cytoprotective effect of 10-HDA. In this study, we found that the •OH scavenging rate by 10-HDA (2%, g/ml) was more than 20%, which was achieved through multiple-step oxidization of the -OH group and C=C bond of 10-HDA. Moreover, 10-HDA significantly enhanced the viability of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) damaged by •OH (P < 0.01), significantly attenuated •OH-derived malondialdehyde production that represents cellular lipid peroxidation (P < 0.05), and significantly increased the glutathione levels in •OH-stressed VSMCs (P < 0.05), indicating the role of 10-HDA in reducing •OH-induced cytotoxicity. Further proteomic analyses of VSMCs identified 195 proteins with decreased expression by •OH challenge that were upregulated by 10-HDA rescue and were primarily involved in protein synthesis (such as translation, protein transport, ribosome, and RNA binding) and energy metabolism (such as fatty acid degradation and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis). Taken together, these findings indicate that 10-HDA can effectively promote cell survival by antagonizing •OH-induced injury in VSMCs. To the best of our knowledge, our results provide the first concrete evidence that 10-HDA-scavenged •OH could be a potential pharmacological application for maintaining vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Fan
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Sha
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chuan Ma
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaohong Wei
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqi Zhou
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Shi
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Fu
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Han
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianke Li
- Institute of Apicultural Research/Key Laboratory of Pollinating Insect Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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2
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A coaxially structured trilayered gallic acid-based antioxidant vascular graft for treating coronary artery disease. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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3
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Kobayashi H, Murata M, Kawanishi S, Oikawa S. Polyphenols with Anti-Amyloid β Aggregation Show Potential Risk of Toxicity Via Pro-Oxidant Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3561. [PMID: 32443552 PMCID: PMC7279003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia among older people. Amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation has been the focus for a therapeutic target for the treatment of AD. Naturally occurring polyphenols have an inhibitory effect on Aβ aggregation and have attracted a lot of attention for the development of treatment strategies which could mitigate the symptoms of AD. However, considerable evidence has shown that the pro-oxidant mechanisms of polyphenols could have a deleterious effect. Our group has established an assay system to evaluate the pro-oxidant characteristics of chemical compounds, based on their reactivity with DNA. In this review, we have summarized the anti-Aβ aggregation and pro-oxidant properties of polyphenols. These findings could contribute to understanding the mechanism underlying the potential risk of polyphenols. We would like to emphasize the importance of assessing the pro-oxidant properties of polyphenols from a safety point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatasu Kobayashi
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (H.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Mariko Murata
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (H.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Shosuke Kawanishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie 513-8670, Japan;
| | - Shinji Oikawa
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; (H.K.); (M.M.)
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4
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Bedair TM, ElNaggar MA, Joung YK, Han DK. Recent advances to accelerate re-endothelialization for vascular stents. J Tissue Eng 2017; 8:2041731417731546. [PMID: 28989698 PMCID: PMC5624345 DOI: 10.1177/2041731417731546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are considered as one of the serious diseases that leads to the death of millions of people all over the world. Stent implantation has been approved as an easy and promising way to treat cardiovascular diseases. However, in-stent restenosis and thrombosis remain serious problems after stent implantation. It was demonstrated in a large body of previously published literature that endothelium impairment represents a major factor for restenosis. This discovery became the driving force for many studies trying to achieve an optimized methodology for accelerated re-endothelialization to prevent restenosis. Thus, in this review, we summarize the different methodologies opted to achieve re-endothelialization, such as, but not limited to, manipulation of surface chemistry and surface topography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M Bedair
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Korea
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A ElNaggar
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yoon Ki Joung
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dong Keun Han
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Gyeonggi, Korea
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5
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Luo R, Tang L, Xie L, Wang J, Huang N, Wang Y. Multifunctional mussel-inspired copolymerized epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)/arginine coating: the potential as an ad-layer for vascular materials. Regen Biomater 2016; 3:247-255. [PMID: 29887988 PMCID: PMC5987673 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbw027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface properties are considered to be important factors in addressing proper functionalities. In this paper, a multifunctional mussel-inspired coating was prepared via the direct copolymerization of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and arginine. The coating formation was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectra. The EGCG/arginine coating contained diverse functional groups like amines, phenols and carboxyls, whose densities were also tunable. Such mussel-inspired coating could also be applied as an ad-layer for its secondary reactivity, demonstrated by quartz crystal microbalance technique. Moreover, the tunable surface density of phenols showed potential ability in modulating endothelial cell and smooth muscle cell viability. The coatings rich in phenols presented excellent free radical scavenging property. Current results strongly indicated the potential of EGCG/arginine coatings to be applied as an ad-layer for vascular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rifang Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.,Key Lab of Advanced Technology of Materials of Education Ministry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Linlin Tang
- Key Lab of Advanced Technology of Materials of Education Ministry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Lingxia Xie
- Key Lab of Advanced Technology of Materials of Education Ministry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Lab of Advanced Technology of Materials of Education Ministry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Nan Huang
- Key Lab of Advanced Technology of Materials of Education Ministry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yunbing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.,Key Lab of Advanced Technology of Materials of Education Ministry, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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6
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Hsieh CL, Lin CH, Chen KC, Peng CC, Peng RY. The teratogenicity and the action mechanism of gallic acid relating with brain and cervical muscles. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119516. [PMID: 26030624 PMCID: PMC4452303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) (GA) and other flavanoids are extensively used in nutraceuticals because of their antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties. While examining whether GA is effective in alleviating valproic-acid-induced teratogenesis in a chicken embryo model (CEM), we observed embryo hemorrhage and liposis in the musculi longissimus cervicis. We conducted this study to determine whether GA is inherently teratogenic and the extent to which the risk can be transferred to fetuses. A CEM was used to administer GA at 2, 6, 10, and 14 μM. GA at 2 μM did not exhibit cytotoxicity. At 6, 10, and 14 μM, GA caused severe decreases in body and liver weights, causing -5.6%, -21.3%, and -27.5% body weights and 4.0, 3.8, and 3.2-g, liver weights, respectively, in day-1 chicks. The optimal alive birth rate (or damaging rate) reached 33.3%, 39.4%, and 29.2% at 6, 10, and 14 μM GA, respectively. The damaged tissue was primarily cervical muscle (musculi longissimus cervicis), as evidenced by liposis, Zenker’s necrosis, and hemolysis. The erythrocyte, hemoglobin, eosinophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts were severely reduced and PPAR-α was downregulated, whereas the Ras/Raf/JAK/STAT pathway was upregulated. The GA dose required to induce teratogenesis was ≥ 6 μM (1.02 mg/kg), which can be easily consumed by pregnant women in typical teas such as Chinese Pu-’Er and Chinese black teas, indicating a potential risk to human fetuses. GA at doses ≥ 1.02 mg/kg of body weight potentially causes characteristic cerebral hemolysis and liposis in the musculi longissimus cervicis. The mechanism of action of GA is multidisciplinary: The liposis can be ascribed to downregulation of PPAR-α; the erythrocyte hemolysis can be attributed to its unique autooxidative and prooxidant behavior and the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase; and the proliferation and differentiation deficits can be attributed to the upregulation of the Ras/Raf/JAK/STAT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu Lan Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hong Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Kuan Chou Chen
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (KCC); (CCP)
| | - Chiung-Chi Peng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (KCC); (CCP)
| | - Robert Y. Peng
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung City, Taiwan
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7
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Chang YJ, Hsu SL, Liu YT, Lin YH, Lin MH, Huang SJ, Ho JAA, Wu LC. Gallic acid induces necroptosis via TNF-α signaling pathway in activated hepatic stellate cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120713. [PMID: 25816210 PMCID: PMC4376672 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallic acid (3, 4, 5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, GA), a natural phenolic acid widely found in gallnuts, tea leaves and various fruits, possesses several bioactivities against inflammation, oxidation, and carcinogenicity. The beneficial effect of GA on the reduction of animal hepatofibrosis has been indicated due to its antioxidative property. However, the cytotoxicity of GA autoxidation causing cell death has also been reported. Herein, we postulated that GA might target activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs), the cell type responsible for hepatofibrosis, to mitigate the process of fibrosis. The molecular cytotoxic mechanisms that GA exerted on aHSCs were then analyzed. The results indicated that GA elicited aHSC programmed cell death through TNF–α–mediated necroptosis. GA induced significant oxidative stress through the suppression of catalase activity and the depletion of glutathione (GSH). Elevated oxidative stress triggered the production of TNF–α facilitating the undergoing of necroptosis through the up-regulation of key necroptotic regulatory proteins TRADD and receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3), and the inactivation of caspase–8. Calmodulin and calpain–1 activation were engaged, which promoted subsequent lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP). The TNF–α antagonist (SPD–304) and the RIP1 inhibitor (necrostatin–1, Nec–1) confirmed GA-induced TNFR1–mediated necroptosis. The inhibition of RIP1 by Nec–1 diverted the cell death from necroptosis to apoptosis, as the activation of caspase 3 and the increase of cytochrome c. Collectively, this is the first report indicating that GA induces TNF signaling–triggered necroptosis in aHSCs, which may offer an alternative strategy for the amelioration of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Ju Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih Lan Hsu
- Department of Education and Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi Ting Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Taiwan
| | - Yu Hsuan Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Taiwan
| | - Ming Hui Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Taiwan
| | - Shu Jung Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Taiwan
| | - Ja-an Annie Ho
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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8
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Hsieh CL, Lin CH, Wang HE, Peng CC, Peng RY. Gallic acid exhibits risks of inducing muscular hemorrhagic liposis and cerebral hemorrhage--its action mechanism and preventive strategy. Phytother Res 2014; 29:267-80. [PMID: 25403162 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) (GA) occurs in many plants. The adverse effects of GA are seldom cited. GA (6-14 μM) provoked the hemorrhagic liposis of the cervical muscles and intracranial hemorrhage. The cause of these pathological events and the method for prevention are still lacking. Using the chicken embryo model and some selected nutraceutics such as folate, glutathione (GSH), N-acetylcysteine, and vitamin E (Vit E), we carried out this study. Results revealed that the action mechanism of GA involved (i) inducing hypoxia with upregulated gene hif-1α and downregulated ratio vegf-r2/vegf-a, leading to dys-vascularization and myopathy; (ii) impairing cytochrome c oxidase; (iii) stimulating creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase release; (iv) eliciting carnitine accumulation and liposis via downregulating gene CPT1; (v) suppressing superoxide dismutase and stimulating NO, H2O2, and malondialdehyde; and (vi) depleting erythrocytic and tissue GSH, resulting in hemorrhage. When both Vit E and GSH were applied to the day 1 chicks, a better alleviation effect was revealed. Conclusively, GA potentially exhibits adverse effect by eliciting hemorrhagic liposis of cervical muscles and cerebral hemorrhage. Supplementation with GSH, Vit E, and N-acetylcysteine is able to ameliorate these adverse effects, warranting the importance of restricting the clinical phytotherapeutic doses of GA and related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Lan Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Changhua University of Education, 1 Jin-De Road, Changhua, 50007, Taiwan
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9
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Yang Z, Xiong K, Qi P, Yang Y, Tu Q, Wang J, Huang N. Gallic acid tailoring surface functionalities of plasma-polymerized allylamine-coated 316L SS to selectively direct vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cell fate for enhanced endothelialization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:2647-2656. [PMID: 24484285 DOI: 10.1021/am405124z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The creation of a platform for enhanced vascular endothelia cell (VEC) growth while suppressing vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation offers possibility for advanced coatings of vascular stents. Gallic acid (GA), a chemically unique phenolic acid with important biological functions, presents benefits to the cardiovascular disease therapy because of its superior antioxidant effect and a selectivity to support the growth of ECs more than SMCs. In this study, GA was explored to tailor such a multifunctional stent surface combined with plasma polymerization technique. On the basis of the chemical coupling reaction, GA was bound to an amine-group-rich plasma-polymerized allylamine (PPAam) coating. The GA-functionalized PPAam (GA-PPAam) surface created a favorable microenvironment to obtain high ECs and SMCs selectivity. The GA-PPAam coating showed remarkable enhancement in the adhesion, viability, proliferation, migration, and release of nitric oxide (NO) of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The GA-PPAam coating also resulted in remarkable inhibition effect on human umbilical artery smooth muscle cell (HUASMC) adhesion and proliferation. These striking findings may provide a guide for designing the new generation of multifunctional vascular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry, ‡The Institute of Biomaterials and Surface Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Laboratory of Biosensing and MicroMechatronics, Southwest Jiaotong University , Chengdu 610031, China
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10
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He Y, Wang J, Yan W, Huang N. Gallic acid and gallic acid-loaded coating involved in selective regulation of platelet, endothelial and smooth muscle cell fate. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44217a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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11
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Yang Z, Yang Y, Yan W, Tu Q, Wang J, Huang N. Construction of polyfunctional coatings assisted by gallic acid to facilitate co-immobilization of diverse biomolecules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:10495-10501. [PMID: 24106814 DOI: 10.1021/am403478k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Designing a multifunctional surface based on the coimmobilization of two or more diverse biomolecules with synergic action is very important in certain cases. In this work, a facile method by two-step aimed to construct a polyfunctional coating containing -COOH, -NH2, and phenol/quinine groups was reported. The first-step was to introduce amine groups onto target modified-surface by coating with plasma polymerized allylamine (PPAam), followed by the second-step conjugation of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) onto the PPAam surface. The density of -COOH, -NH2, and phenol/quinone groups could be regulated easily by adjusting the reaction time of GA conjugation, making it possible to coimmobilize two or three diverse molecules. This has been shown by the successful coimmobilization of anti-CD34 antibody and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The surface coimmobilized with the anti-CD34 antibody and VEGF presented significant enhancement in the capture of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and the growth of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). These data suggest the huge potential of such polyfunctional coating for tailoring the desired interfacial properties of materials through selectively conjugating two or more diverse bioactive molecules with synergic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials of Education Ministry, ‡The Institute of Biomaterials and Surface Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and ⊥Laboratory of Biosensing and MicroMechatronics Southwest Jiaotong University , Chengdu, 610031, China
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12
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Ker YB, Peng CC, Lin CH, Chen KC, Hsieh CL, Peng RY. In Vitro Polyphenolics Erythrocyte Model and in Vivo Chicken Embryo Model Revealed Gallic Acid to Be a Potential Hemorrhage Inducer: Physicochemical Action Mechanisms. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:325-35. [DOI: 10.1021/tx300456t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaw-Bee Ker
- Department of Applied Food Technology, Hungkuang University, 34 Chung-Chie Road, Shalu County,
Taichung Hsien, Taiwan 433
| | - Chiung-Chi Peng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical
Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-shing Street, Taipei, Taiwan 11031
| | - Chien-Hong Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Changhua University of Education, 1 Jin-De Road, Changhua,
Taiwan 50007
| | - Kuan-Chou Chen
- Department
of Urology, School
of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250, Wu-shing Street, Taipei, Taiwan 11031
- Department of Urology, Shuang
Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University,
291, Zhongzheng Road, Zhonghe, Taipei, Taiwan 23561
| | - Chiu-Lan Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Changhua University of Education, 1 Jin-De Road, Changhua,
Taiwan 50007
| | - Robert Y. Peng
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, 34 Chung-Chie Road, Shalu County,
Taichung Hsien, Taiwan 433
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13
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Larrosa M, García-Conesa MT, Espín JC, Tomás-Barberán FA. Ellagitannins, ellagic acid and vascular health. Mol Aspects Med 2010; 31:513-39. [PMID: 20837052 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2010.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Revised: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 09/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrolysable tannins are phenolic phytochemicals that show high antioxidant and free-radical scavenging activities. For this reason their potential effects preventing oxidative related diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, have been largely studied. In vitro studies show that ellagitannins, at concentrations in the range 10-100 μM, show some relevant anti-atherogenic, anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects, supporting the molecular mechanisms for the vascular health benefits. While there is good evidence supporting the vascular effects in vitro, the evidence on animal models or humans is much scarcer. The in vitro results often do not match the findings in the in vivo studies. This could be explained by the low bioavailability of the antioxidant ellagitannins and ellagic acid. The main ellagitannin metabolites circulating in plasma are ellagic acid microbiota metabolites known as urolithins, and they have lost their free-radical scavenging activity. They are present in plasma as glucuronide or sulphate conjugates, at concentrations in the nM range. Future studies should focus in the bioavailable metabolites, urolithins, and in the form (conjugated with glucuronic acid or sulphate) and concentrations (nM range) in which they are found in plasma. In this review we critically discuss the role of ellagitannins and ellagic acid on vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Larrosa
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, Murcia 30100, Spain
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14
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Vascular pro-oxidant effects secondary to the autoxidation of gallic acid in rat aorta. J Nutr Biochem 2010; 21:304-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2009.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2008] [Revised: 12/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/06/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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15
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Pasanphan W, Buettner GR, Chirachanchai S. Chitosan gallate as a novel potential polysaccharide antioxidant: an EPR study. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:132-40. [PMID: 19889400 PMCID: PMC3695485 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Revised: 09/25/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A novel biopolymer-based antioxidant, chitosan conjugated with gallic acid (chitosan galloylate, chitosan-GA), is proposed. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) demonstrates a wide range of antioxidant activity for chitosan-GA as evidenced from its reactions with oxidizing free radicals, that is, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-H(2)O(2), carbon-centered alkyl radicals, and hydroxyl radicals. The EPR spectrum of the radical formed on chitosan-GA was attributed to the semiquinone radical of the gallate moiety. The stoichiometry and effective concentration (EC(50)) of the DPPH free radical with chitosan-GA show that the radical scavenging capacity is maintained even after thermal treatment at 100 degrees C for an hour. Although the degree of substitution of GA on chitosan was about 15%, its antioxidant capacity, that is, the reaction with carbon-centered and hydroxyl radicals, is comparable to that of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanvimol Pasanphan
- The Department of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Garry R. Buettner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology, ESR Facility, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1181, USA
| | - Suwabun Chirachanchai
- The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Benavente-García O, Castillo J. Update on uses and properties of citrus flavonoids: new findings in anticancer, cardiovascular, and anti-inflammatory activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:6185-205. [PMID: 18593176 DOI: 10.1021/jf8006568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 704] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Significantly, much of the activity of Citrus flavonoids appears to impact blood and microvascular endothelial cells, and it is not surprising that the two main areas of research on the biological actions of Citrus flavonoids have been inflammation and cancer. Epidemiological and animal studies point to a possible protective effect of flavonoids against cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer. Although flavonoids have been studied for about 50 years, the cellular mechanisms involved in their biological action are still not completely known. Many of the pharmacological properties of Citrus flavonoids can be linked to the abilities of these compounds to inhibit enzymes involved in cell activation. Attempts to control cancer involve a variety of means, including the use of suppressing, blocking, and transforming agents. Suppressing agents prevent the formation of new cancers from procarcinogens, and blocking agents prevent carcinogenic compounds from reaching critical initiation sites, while transformation agents act to facilitate the metabolism of carcinogenic components into less toxic materials or prevent their biological actions. Flavonoids can act as all three types of agent. Many epidemiological studies have shown that regular flavonoid intake is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. In coronary heart disease, the protective effects of flavonoids include mainly antithrombotic, anti-ischemic, anti-oxidant, and vasorelaxant. It is suggested that flavonoids decrease the risk of coronary heart disease by three major actions: improving coronary vasodilatation, decreasing the ability of platelets in the blood to clot, and preventing low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) from oxidizing. The anti-inflammatory properties of the Citrus flavonoids have also been studied. Several key studies have shown that the anti-inflammatory properties of Citrus flavonoids are due to its inhibition of the synthesis and biological activities of different pro-inflammatory mediators, mainly the arachidonic acid derivatives, prostaglandins E 2, F 2, and thromboxane A 2. The anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Citrus flavonoids can play a key role in their activity against several degenerative diseases and particularly brain diseases. The most abundant Citrus flavonoids are flavanones, such as hesperidin, naringin, or neohesperidin. However, generally, the flavones, such as diosmin, apigenin, or luteolin, exhibit higher biological activity, even though they occur in much lower concentrations. Diosmin and rutin have a demonstrated activity as a venotonic agent and are present in several pharmaceutical products. Apigenin and their glucosides have been shown a good anti-inflammatory activity without the side effects of other anti-inflammatory products. In this paper, we discuss the relation between each structural factor of Citrus flavonoids and the anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and cardiovascular protection activity of Citrus flavonoids and their role in degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Benavente-García
- Research and Development Department of Nutrafur-Furfural Español S.A., Camino Viejo de Pliego s/n, 80320 Alcantarilla, Murcia, Spain.
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Yáñez J, Vicente V, Alcaraz M, Castillo J, Benavente-García O, Canteras M, Teruel JAL. Cytotoxicity and Antiproliferative Activities of Several Phenolic Compounds Against Three Melanocytes Cell Lines: Relationship Between Structure and Activity. Nutr Cancer 2004; 49:191-9. [PMID: 15489212 DOI: 10.1207/s15327914nc4902_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds are widely distributed in the vegetable kingdom and are therefore consumed regularly in the human diet. Epidemiological studies suggest that foods rich in polyphenolic compounds contribute to reducing the risk of cancer. The purpose of our work is to: 1) study the possible cytotoxicity and antiproliferative effects of 13 polyphenolic compounds on 3 cell lines of melanocytes, 2 of melanoma (B16F10 and SK-MEL-1), and 1 of nontransformed melanocytes (Melan-a); and 2) identify the possible relationship between the chemical structure of the tested compounds and their effect on cellular viability. The said polyphenolic compounds corresponded to 8 flavonoids with varying hydroxyl and methoxyl substituents, related structurally through the oxidation state of their flavonoid skeleton, a catechin polymer and 4 phenolic acids. The cytotoxic activity of all the studied compounds was modest or not apparent. The flavonoids luteolin, tangeretin, baicalein, quercetin, and myricetin, and gallic acid showed antiproliferative effects on the tested lines. Our results suggest that a correlation exists between the structural oxidation state and the position, number, and nature of substituents of the polyphenolic compounds studied and their antiproliferative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa Yáñez
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Spain
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Martínez C, Yàñez J, Vicente V, Alcaraz M, Benavente-García O, Castillo J, Lorente J, Lozano JA. Effects of several polyhydroxylated flavonoids on the growth of B16F10 melanoma and Melan-a melanocyte cell lines: influence of the sequential oxidation state of the flavonoid skeleton. Melanoma Res 2003; 13:3-9. [PMID: 12569278 DOI: 10.1097/00008390-200302000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The response of B16F10 melanoma and Melan-a melanocyte cell lines to treatment with five polyhydroxylated flavonoids and gallic acid, after 24 and 72 h of exposure, was determined, and the relationship between any antiproliferative effects observed and the chemical structure is discussed. After 24 h, none of the studied compounds showed significant cytotoxic activity in the B16F10 cell line, whereas compounds with an adjacent trihydroxylated substitution pattern did affect the viability of the Melan-a cell line. After 72 h of exposure, myricetin, baicalein and gallic acid significantly inhibited both B16F10 and Melan-a cell cultures, whereas luteolin and quercetin had only a moderate effect. Eriodictyol only had an effect on Melan-a cell viability, which was reduced slightly. These results suggest that the presence of a C2-C3 double bond and three adjacent hydroxyl groups in the flavonoid A- or B-rings confers greater antiproliferative activity to the flavonoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Martínez
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
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