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Khaksar G, Chaichana N, Assatarakul K, Sirikantaramas S. Caffeoylquinic acid profiling: comparative analysis in yerba mate, Indian camphorweed, and stevia extracts with emphasis on the influence of brewing conditions and cold storage in yerba mate infusion. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17250. [PMID: 38726376 PMCID: PMC11080990 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Herbal infusions exhibit diverse pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antihypertensive, and antineurodegenerative activities, which can be attributed to the high content of phenolic compounds (e.g., caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs)). In this study, we used ultraperformance liquid chromatography to determine the content of CQAs in the methanolic extracts of model herbs, namely, yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis), stevia (Stevia rebaudiana), and Indian camphorweed (Pluchea indica (L.) Less.). The results revealed that yerba mate had the highest total CQA content (108.05 ± 1.12 mg/g of dry weight). Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of brewing conditions and storage at 4 °C under dark and light conditions on the antioxidant property and total phenolic and CQA contents of a yerba mate infusion. The analysis of the yerba mate infusions prepared with different steeping times, dried leaf weights, and water temperatures revealed that the amount of extracted CQAs was maximized (∼175 mg/150 mL) when 6 g of dried leaves were steeped in hot water for 10 min. A total of 10-day refrigerated storage resulted in no significant changes in the antioxidant activity and total phenolic and CQA contents of an infusion kept in a brown container (dark). However, the antioxidant properties and total phenolic and CQA contents were negatively affected when kept in a clear container, suggesting the detrimental effect of light exposure. Our study provides practical recommendations for improving the preparation and storage of herbal infusions, thus catering to the needs of consumers, food scientists, and commercial producers. Moreover, it is the first study of the influence of light exposure on the content of crucial quality attributes within plant-based beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Khaksar
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Crop, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nantachaporn Chaichana
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kitipong Assatarakul
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Supaart Sirikantaramas
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Crop, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Omics Sciences and Bioinformatics Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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2
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Sentkowska A, Konarska J, Szmytke J, Grudniak A. Herbal Polyphenols as Selenium Reducers in the Green Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles: Antibacterial and Antioxidant Capabilities of the Obtained SeNPs. Molecules 2024; 29:1686. [PMID: 38675506 PMCID: PMC11052002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element for the proper functioning of the human body. In recent years, great attention has been paid to selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) due to their potential for medicinal applications. In this study, herbal extracts were used in the green synthesis of SeNPs. The influence of herbal species, the ratio of the reagents, and post-reaction heating on the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of obtained SeNPs were investigated. The relationship between these properties and the physical parameters of obtained nanoparticles (e.g., size, shape) was also studied. It has been proven that SeNPs showed higher antioxidant and antibacterial properties in comparison to herbal extracts taken for their synthesis. Heating of the post-reaction mixture did not affect the SeNP size, shape, or other studied properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Konarska
- Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (J.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Jakub Szmytke
- Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (J.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Anna Grudniak
- Department of Bacterial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland (J.S.); (A.G.)
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3
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Ma YY, Wang JQ, Gao Y, Cao QQ, Wang F, Chen JX, Feng ZH, Yin JF, Xu YQ. Effect of the type of brewing water on the sensory and physicochemical properties of light-scented and strong-scented Tieguanyin oolong teas. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101099. [PMID: 38235347 PMCID: PMC10792187 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Variations in the quality of brewing water profoundly impact tea flavor. This study systematically investigated the effects of four common water sources, including pure water (PW), mountain spring water (MSW), mineral water (MW) and natural water (NW) on the flavor of Tieguanyin tea infusion. Brewing with MW resulted in a flat taste and turbid aroma, mainly due to the low leaching of tea flavor components and complex interactions with mineral ions (mainly Ca2+, Mg2+). Tea infusions brewed with NW exhibited the highest relative contents of total volatile compounds, while those brewed with PW had the lowest. NW and MSW, with moderate mineralization, were conducive to improving the aroma quality of tea infusion and were more suitable for brewing both aroma types of Tieguanyin. These findings offer valuable insights into the effect of brewing water on the sensory and physicochemical properties of oolong teas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Ma
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jie-Qiong Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Qing-Qing Cao
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Jian-Xin Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Feng
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Jun-Feng Yin
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Yong-Quan Xu
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 9 South Meiling Road, Hangzhou 310008, China
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4
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Sentkowska A, Pyrzynska K. Does the Type Matter? Verification of Different Tea Types' Potential in the Synthesis of SeNPs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122489. [PMID: 36552697 PMCID: PMC9774132 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are gaining popularity due to their potential biomedical applications. This work describes their green synthesis using various types of tea. Black, green, red and white tea infusions were tested for the content of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant properties and then used in the synthesis of SeNPs. In each of the syntheses, nanoparticles with dimensions ranging from 3.9 to 12.5 nm, differing in shape and properties, were obtained. All of them were characterized by a very high ability to neutralize hydroxyl radicals, which was about three-times higher than for the tea infusions from which they were obtained. The main inconvenience in obtaining SeNPs was the difficulties with their purification, which should be a further stage in the described research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Sentkowska
- Heavy Ion Laboratory, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Krystyna Pyrzynska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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5
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Silva TM, Fracasso DS, Vargas Visentin AP, Cassini C, Scariot FJ, Danetti S, Echeverrigaray S, Moura S, Touguinha LB, Branco CS, Salvador M. Dual effect of the herbal matcha green tea (Camellia sinensis L. kuntze) supplement in EA.hy926 endothelial cells and Artemia salina. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115564. [PMID: 35940467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Matcha green tea (Camellia sinensis) based-supplements have been widely used since they present a greater content of phenolic compounds than traditional green tea, which is popularly used in the treatment of diabetes. However, there are few studies on the effectiveness and safety of matcha supplements. AIM OF THE STUDY This work aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this supplement in endothelial cells (EA.hy926) in the hyperglycemic model and in vivo Artemia salina. MATERIALS AND METHODS To assess the effect of Matcha herbal supplement (MHS), EA. hy926 endothelial cells were treated with 20 μg/mL of MHS for 24 h, in a hyperglycemic medium with 35 mM glucose. After treatment, cells were trypsinized and centrifuged at 4 °C and 47×g for 5 min. The pellet was used to determine the reaction products to thiobarbituric acid and the levels of nitric oxide. Electron transport chain activity and ATP levels were also evaluated. Intracellular pH, apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane depolarization were evaluated by flow cytometry. MHS chemical characterization was performed by HPLC-UV and total phenolic content analysis. The evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of MHS was performed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenger assay. To determine the in vivo acute toxicity of MHS, an A. salina assay was conducted, using 0,2 mL of different concentrations of MHS (10, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 μg/mL). The LD50 values were obtained by interpolation of 50% (y = 50) of the dead individuals in the trend curves. RESULTS Our data showed that MHS was able to avoid oxidative and nitrosative stress induced by hyperglycemia, demonstrating important antioxidant activity. However, it was observed that MHS reduced up to 90% the activity of the four-electron transport complexes, reducing the ATP production of the endothelial cells. In the toxicity assay performed in Artemia salina, MHS showed mild toxicity (LD50 = 0,4 mg/mL). The major compounds found in MHS were epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin, rutin, kaempferol, and quercetin. CONCLUSIONS This data draws attention to the fact that supplements with high content of phenolic compounds, capable of avoiding oxidative and nitrosative stress can have a dual effect and, simultaneously to antioxidant activity, can induce toxicity in different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuani Mendes Silva
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias Do Sul. Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 95070-560, Brazil.
| | - Débora Soligo Fracasso
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias Do Sul. Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 95070-560, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Vargas Visentin
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias Do Sul. Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 95070-560, Brazil.
| | - Carina Cassini
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias Do Sul. Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 95070-560, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Joel Scariot
- Laboratório de Enologia e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias Do Sul. Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 95070-560, Brazil.
| | - Sidineia Danetti
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias Do Sul. Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 95070-560, Brazil.
| | - Sergio Echeverrigaray
- Laboratório de Enologia e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias Do Sul. Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 95070-560, Brazil.
| | - Sidnei Moura
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias Do Sul. Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 95070-560, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Bavaresco Touguinha
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias Do Sul. Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 95070-560, Brazil.
| | - Catia Santos Branco
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias Do Sul. Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 95070-560, Brazil.
| | - Mirian Salvador
- Laboratório de Estresse Oxidativo e Antioxidantes, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias Do Sul. Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 95070-560, Brazil.
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Guleria K, Sehgal A. Additive to Antagonistic Antioxidant Interaction of Black Tea with Three Different Species of Ocimum. JOURNAL OF CULINARY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15428052.2022.2086512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Guleria
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Amit Sehgal
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
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7
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Samanta S. Potential Bioactive Components and Health Promotional Benefits of Tea (Camellia sinensis). J Am Coll Nutr 2020; 41:65-93. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2020.1827082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saptadip Samanta
- Department of Physiology, Midnapore College, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
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8
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Li Y, Wang X, Li C, Huang W, Gu K, Wang Y, Yang B, Li Y. Exploration of chemical markers using a metabolomics strategy and machine learning to study the different origins of Ixeris denticulata (Houtt.) Stebb. Food Chem 2020; 330:127232. [PMID: 32535318 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
As a generally edible plant, Ixeris denticulata (Houtt.) Stebb is widely distributed in China. Its medicinal value has attracted much attention in recent years. However, the chemical markers that cause quality and taste differences in I. denticulata from different regions are currently unclear. In this study, samples from 8 different origins were collected and analysed by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. A metabolomics data processing strategy and machine learning method were established to explore the reasons for the difference in quality and taste of different origins from the perspective of chemical composition. With the established strategy, 10 characteristic chemical markers were identified that could be used to distinguish the origins of I. denticulata. The strategy proposed in this study could provide a certain basis for quality control and reasonable consumption of I. denticulata and additional food and medicinal homologous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Kun Gu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Yubo Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyang Lake Road, West Zone, Tuanbo New City, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China.
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9
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Farha AK, Gan RY, Li HB, Wu DT, Atanasov AG, Gul K, Zhang JR, Yang QQ, Corke H. The anticancer potential of the dietary polyphenol rutin: Current status, challenges, and perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:832-859. [PMID: 33054344 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1829541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rutin is one of the most common dietary polyphenols found in vegetables, fruits, and other plants. It is metabolized by the mammalian gut microbiota and absorbed from the intestines, and becomes bioavailable in the form of conjugated metabolites. Rutin exhibits a plethora of bioactive properties, making it an extremely promising phytochemical. Numerous studies demonstrate that rutin can act as a chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive agent, and its anticancer effects can be mediated through the suppression of cell proliferation, the induction of apoptosis or autophagy, and the hindering of angiogenesis and metastasis. Rutin has been found to modulate multiple molecular targets involved in carcinogenesis, such as cell cycle mediators, cellular kinases, inflammatory cytokines, transcription factors, drug transporters, and reactive oxygen species. This review summarizes the natural sources of rutin, its bioavailability, and in particular its potential use as an anticancer agent, with highlighting its anticancer mechanisms as well as molecular targets. Additionally, this review updates the anticancer potential of its analogs, nanoformulations, and metabolites, and discusses relevant safety issues. Overall, rutin is a promising natural dietary compound with promising anticancer potential and can be widely used in functional foods, dietary supplements, and pharmaceuticals for the prevention and management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arakkaveettil Kabeer Farha
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Nutrition Translation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Khalid Gul
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Rong Zhang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong-Qiong Yang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Harold Corke
- Biotechnology and Food Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, China
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Miura M, Nogami M, Sakai M, Sato M, Yatsushiro T. Rapid LC-MS/MS Determination of Hesperidin in Fermented Tea Prepared from Unripe Satsuma Mandarin (Citrus unshiu) Fruits and Third-crop Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Leaves. ANAL SCI 2020; 36:1243-1249. [PMID: 32475895 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20p100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
For improving quality control in the fermented tea production process and advancing the corresponding food labeling with function claims, a rapid and robust hesperidin analysis method using LC-MS/MS with the sample dilution approach was developed by following internationally accepted criteria of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). The linear correlation coefficient (r2) of the regression line was 0.9997 in the concentration range of 0.025 - 2.5 mg/L. The matrix effect evaluated using regression line slope values was negligible. The recovery rate of 100.7% indicated improved trueness. The performance of the newly developed method in determining the hesperidin content of fermented tea samples did not significantly vary from that of a well-established, conventional method. The HorRat values of intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility studies were both within the acceptable range, indicating sufficient accuracy of the newly developed method according to the AOAC criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Miura
- Department of Production and Distribution, Miyazaki Agricultural Research Institute
| | - Mamiko Nogami
- Department of Production and Distribution, Miyazaki Agricultural Research Institute
| | - Miho Sakai
- Department of Production and Distribution, Miyazaki Agricultural Research Institute
| | - Miwa Sato
- Department of Production and Distribution, Miyazaki Agricultural Research Institute
| | - Takeshi Yatsushiro
- Department of Production and Distribution, Miyazaki Agricultural Research Institute
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11
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Pinto G, Illiano A, Carpentieri A, Spinelli M, Melchiorre C, Fontanarosa C, di Serio M, Amoresano A. Quantification of Polyphenols and Metals in Chinese Tea Infusions by Mass Spectrometry. Foods 2020; 9:foods9060835. [PMID: 32630507 PMCID: PMC7353651 DOI: 10.3390/foods9060835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical compounds within tea (Camellia sinensis) are characterized by an extensive heterogeneity; some of them are crucial for their protective and defensive role in plants, and are closely connected to the benefits that the consumption of tea can provide. This paper is mainly focused on the characterization of polyphenols (secondary metabolites generally involved in defense against ultraviolet radiation and aggression by pathogens) and metals, extracted from nine Chinese tea samples, by integrating different mass spectrometry methodologies, LC-MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Our approach allowed to identify and compare forty polyphenols differently distributed in tea infusions at various fermentation levels. The exploration of polyphenols with nutraceutical potential in tea infusions can widely benefit especially tea-oriented populations. The worldwide consumption of tea requires at the same time a careful monitoring of metals released during the infusion of tea leaves. Metal analysis can provide the identification of many healthy minerals such as potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, differently affected by the fermentation of leaves. Our results allowed us: (i) to draw up a polyphenols profile of tea leaves subjected to different fermentation processes; (ii) to identify and quantify metals released from tea leaves during infusion. In this way, we obtained a molecular fingerprint useful for both nutraceutical applications and food control/typization, as well as for frauds detection and counterfeiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Pinto
- Department Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Monte S. Angelo-Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (C.M.); (C.F.); (M.d.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Anna Illiano
- Department Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Monte S. Angelo-Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (C.M.); (C.F.); (M.d.S.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrea Carpentieri
- Department Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Monte S. Angelo-Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (C.M.); (C.F.); (M.d.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Michele Spinelli
- Department Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Monte S. Angelo-Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (C.M.); (C.F.); (M.d.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Chiara Melchiorre
- Department Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Monte S. Angelo-Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (C.M.); (C.F.); (M.d.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Carolina Fontanarosa
- Department Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Monte S. Angelo-Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (C.M.); (C.F.); (M.d.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Martino di Serio
- Department Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Monte S. Angelo-Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (C.M.); (C.F.); (M.d.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Angela Amoresano
- Department Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Monte S. Angelo-Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (G.P.); (A.C.); (M.S.); (C.M.); (C.F.); (M.d.S.); (A.A.)
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi-Consorzio Interuniversitario Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro, 305, 00136 Roma RM, Italy
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Roslan AS, Ismail A, Ando Y, Azlan A. Effect of drying methods and parameters on the antioxidant properties of tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-020-00022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Conventional drying using heated air oven is commonly used as a method for preserving the product but often affects the nutritional value, taste, and texture. However, the heat from the drying method can oxidize and destroy heat-sensitive compounds. Superheated steam (SHS) drying uses superheated steam instead of hot air or combustion gases in a direct dryer and was reported better at preserving the nutritional values of food products.
Aim
To evaluate the effect of SHS drying on antioxidant properties of tea leaves. The study also compared SHS drying with conventional and freeze-drying methods.
Results
Tea leaves dried using freeze drying retained the highest level of antioxidant properties compared to other drying methods. The leaves dried using SHS exhibited significantly higher radical scavenging activity, ORAC and FRAP values compared to oven drying method. At different drying temperatures (150 °C and 175 °C), oven dried leaves showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) antioxidant properties than that of SHS dried ones. Tea leaves dried for 60, 75, and 90 min using SHS showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) FRAP and ORAC values, and also total phenolic content compared to oven dried tea leaves.
Conclusion
Tea leaves dried using SHS drying method retained higher level of antioxidant properties compared to oven drying. The drying method also retained lower antioxidant properties as drying time increased. Further study involving SHS drying in food-related fields should be conducted to support its usefulness.
Graphical abstract
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Baranowska-Wójcik E, Szwajgier D, Winiarska-Mieczan A. Regardless of the Brewing Conditions, Various Types of Tea are a Source of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030709. [PMID: 32155927 PMCID: PMC7146204 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized, among others, by abnormally low levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) plays a significant role in the process through hydrolysis of the acetylcholine neurotransmitter. Currently, the main method for treatment of AD at a symptomatic stage entails administration of AChE inhibitors to patients diagnosed with the disease. However, it is also possible to take certain steps to treat AD by delivering inhibitors with food. There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that tea (Camellia sinensis) shows numerous beneficial properties, including improving cognitive abilities. This is particularly important in the case of AD patients. The study assessed the impact of brewing conditions on the inhibition of AChE activity observed in tea extracts (black, white, or fruit). Our study revealed that neither temperature nor time of brewing influenced the respective infusions’ ability to inhibit the activity of AChE. Anticholinesterase activity was observed in most of the different types of tea that were analyzed, with the highest rate of inhibition (30.46%–48.54%) evidenced in the Biofix Tea Wild Strawberry brand. The results of our research show that tea may be used as a rich source of cholinesterase inhibitors which play a significant role in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Baranowska-Wójcik
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna Street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (E.B.-W.); (D.S.); Tel.: +48-81-462-33-94 (E.B.-W.); +48-81-462-33-68 (D.S.)
| | - Dominik Szwajgier
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna Street, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (E.B.-W.); (D.S.); Tel.: +48-81-462-33-94 (E.B.-W.); +48-81-462-33-68 (D.S.)
| | - Anna Winiarska-Mieczan
- Department of Bromatology and Food Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
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Badmos S, Lee SH, Kuhnert N. Comparison and quantification of chlorogenic acids for differentiation of green Robusta and Arabica coffee beans. Food Res Int 2019; 126:108544. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ramakoti B, Dhanagopal H, Deepa K, Rajesh M, Ramaswamy S, Tamilarasan K. Solvent fractionation of organosolv lignin to improve lignin homogeneity: Structural characterization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Tong T, Liu YJ, Kang J, Zhang CM, Kang SG. Antioxidant Activity and Main Chemical Components of a Novel Fermented Tea. Molecules 2019; 24:E2917. [PMID: 31408939 PMCID: PMC6720624 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to develop a novel fermented tea (NFT) product and to evaluate their in vitro antioxidant potential and chemical composition. We found that NFT contained a high level of total phenolic compounds (102.98 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract) and exhibited diverse antioxidant activities, such as scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals, as well as reducing power. The total catechins in NFT were comparable to those of Lipton black tea (LBT), but lower than those of Boseong green tea (BGT) or Tieguanyin oolong tea (TOT). Among all catechins tested, epigallocatechin (EGC) and epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) were the predominant compounds in NFT. In particular, the contents of total theaflavins (TFs), theaflavin (TF), theaflavin-3-gallate (TF3G), and theaflavin-3'-gallate (TF3'G) in NFT were significantly higher than that of BGT, TOT, or LBT. NFT had the highest level of total essential amino acid and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) compared with BGT, TOT and LBT. Furthermore, the sensory evaluation results showed that NFT had satisfactory color, aroma, taste, and overall acceptability scores. Our results highlight the potential usefulness of this novel fermented tea as a nutraceutical food/ingredient with special functional activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ya-Juan Liu
- Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, 61 Dorimri, Chungkyemyon, Muangun, Jeonnam 534-729, Korea
| | - Jinhong Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Korea,
| | - Cheng-Mei Zhang
- Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, 61 Dorimri, Chungkyemyon, Muangun, Jeonnam 534-729, Korea
| | - Seong-Gook Kang
- Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, 61 Dorimri, Chungkyemyon, Muangun, Jeonnam 534-729, Korea.
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Zhou P, Hu O, Fu H, Ouyang L, Gong X, Meng P, Wang Z, Dai M, Guo X, Wang Y. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based untargeted metabolomics coupled with chemometrics approach for Tieguanyin tea with seasonal and year variations. Food Chem 2019; 283:73-82. [PMID: 30722928 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The taste and aroma quality of Tieguanyin tea fluctuate seasonally and yearly. However, the compounds responsible for the seasonal and year variations of metabolic pattern and its sensory quality are far from clear. 60 Tieguanyin tea samples harvested in different years and seasons were analyzed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) and chemometrics. Principal component analysis (PCA) explained 33.2% of the total variance, while orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) can obtain potential metabolites with better discrimination, and with R2X and Q2 of cross-validation as 0.974 and 0.937, respectively. Subsequently, heat map analysis (HCA) visualized relationships between Tieguanyin teas with these significantly different potential metabolites by Mann-Whitney U test (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the best discriminate metabolites contributing to different sensory qualities were revealed by stepwise liner discrimination analysis (SLDA) with 100% accuracy rate. The present strategy also exhibited great potential for untargeted metabolomics of other foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China; China National Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Processed Food (FuZhou), Fujian Inspection and Research Institute for Product Quality, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Ou Hu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Liqun Ouyang
- China National Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Processed Food (FuZhou), Fujian Inspection and Research Institute for Product Quality, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Xuedong Gong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China
| | - Peng Meng
- China National Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Processed Food (FuZhou), Fujian Inspection and Research Institute for Product Quality, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Zheng Wang
- China National Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Processed Food (FuZhou), Fujian Inspection and Research Institute for Product Quality, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Ming Dai
- China National Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Processed Food (FuZhou), Fujian Inspection and Research Institute for Product Quality, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Guo
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China.
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A novel design to screen chlorogenic acid-producing microbial strains from the environment. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14756. [PMID: 30283150 PMCID: PMC6170458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32968-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a plate-screening method, based on the specific color development of complexes formed between chlorogenic acid, a valuable plant-derived compound, and aluminum (III), to detect chlorogenic acid-producing microbial strains. Modified media with 0.75 mM aluminum chloride were developed to identify CGA-producing bacteria (based on beef extract agar medium) or fungi (based on the potato dextrose agar medium). Compared with conventional screening, the modified media let to 3.3 times more CGA producers from plants, at 90.9% selective accuracy. Novel chlorogenic acid-biosynthesizing strains included Brevibacillus borstelensis B14, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B17, Bacillus badius B19, Sphingomonas yabuuchiae N21, Enterobacter tabaci N22, and Lodderomyces elongisporus S216 and P212. Strain S216 produced the highest chlorogenic acid yield (23.39 mg L−1). This study provides a highly efficient and low-cost tool for quick detection and subsequent identification of several newly isolated strains with chlorogenic acid-producing potential.
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Presti G, Guarrasi V, Gulotta E, Provenzano F, Provenzano A, Giuliano S, Monfreda M, Mangione MR, Passantino R, San Biagio PL, Costa MA, Giacomazza D. Bioactive compounds from extra virgin olive oils: Correlation between phenolic content and oxidative stress cell protection. Biophys Chem 2017; 230:109-116. [PMID: 28965785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
When compared with other edible vegetable oils, the extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) exhibits excellent nutritional properties due to the presence of biophenolic compounds. Although they constitute only a very small amount of the unsaponifiable fraction of EVOO, biophenols strongly contribute to the sensorial properties of this precious food conferring it, for example, the bitter or pungent taste. Furthermore, it has been found that biophenols possess beneficial effects against many human pathologies such as oxidative stress, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, cancer and aging-related illness. In the present work, the biophenolic content of 51 Italian and Spanish EVOOs was qualitatively and quantitatively identified and their antioxidant ability analyzed by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. Results indicated that the maximum relationship can be found if the ORAC value is correlated with the concentration of the large family composed by ligstroside and oleuropein derivatives together with their degradation products, hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol. Then, selected biophenolic extracts were tested in NIH-3T3 cell line to verify their ability in the recovery of the oxidative stress revealed by DCFH-DA assay. Results were linearly correlated with the concentration of ligstroside aglycone (aldehyde and hydroxyl form).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Presti
- Chemical Laboratory of Palermo, Italian Agency of Customs and Monopoles, via Crispi, 143, 90133 Palermo, Italy.
| | - V Guarrasi
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - E Gulotta
- Chemical Laboratory of Palermo, Italian Agency of Customs and Monopoles, via Crispi, 143, 90133 Palermo, Italy.
| | - F Provenzano
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - A Provenzano
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - S Giuliano
- Chemical Laboratory of Palermo, Italian Agency of Customs and Monopoles, via Crispi, 143, 90133 Palermo, Italy.
| | - M Monfreda
- Central Directorate for Product Analysis and Chemical Laboratories, Italian Agency of Customs and Monopoles, via M. Carucci 71, 00143 Rome, Italy.
| | - M R Mangione
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - R Passantino
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - P L San Biagio
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - M A Costa
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - D Giacomazza
- Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
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20
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Concentration of Tea Extracts by Osmotic Evaporation: Optimisation of Process Parameters and Effect on Antioxidant Activity. MEMBRANES 2016; 7:membranes7010001. [PMID: 28036043 PMCID: PMC5371962 DOI: 10.3390/membranes7010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the concentration process of three different tea extracts (medicinal Rosil No. 6, Black, and Forest Fruit teas) using the osmotic evaporation (OE) process, was studied. The effect of the OE process on the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity was evaluated. The concentration process was carried out in a hollow-fibre membrane contactor with an effective surface area of 0.54 m2. The tea extract was circulated through the shell side of the contactor, while a concentrated osmotic solution (CaCl2 5 M) was circulated inside the fibres. The flux, the driving force, and the mass transfer coefficient were evaluated. A decrease of the water flux over time was observed and was attributed only to the decrease of the driving force, caused by the dilution of the osmotic solution. Using a surface area/feed volume ratio of 774 m2·m−3, it is possible to reach a tea concentration of 40% (w/w) in 5 h, with a constant water flux and without losing the phenolic content and antioxidant potential in most teas.
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21
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Punyasiri PAN, Jeganathan B, Dananjaya Kottawa-Arachchi J, Ranatunga MAB, Abeysinghe ISB, Gunasekare MTK, Bandara BMR. New Sample Preparation Method for Quantification of Phenolic Compounds of Tea (Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze): A Polyphenol Rich Plant. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2015; 2015:964341. [PMID: 26543665 PMCID: PMC4620427 DOI: 10.1155/2015/964341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemical analysis of the Sri Lankan tea (Camellia sinensis, L.) germplasm would immensely contribute to the success of the tea breeding programme. However, the polyphenols, particularly catechins (flavan-3-ols), are readily prone to oxidation in the conventional method of sample preparation. Therefore, optimization of the present sample preparation methodology for the profiling of metabolites is much important. Two sample preparation methodologies were compared, fresh leaves (as in the conventional procedures) and freeze-dried leaves (a new procedure), for quantification of major metabolites by employing two cultivars, one is known to be high quality black tea and the other low quality black tea. The amounts of major metabolites such as catechins, caffeine, gallic acid, and theobromine, recorded in the new sampling procedure via freeze-dried leaves, were significantly higher than those recorded in the conventional sample preparation procedure. Additionally new method required less amount of leaf sample for analysis of major metabolites and facilitates storage of samples until analysis. The freeze-dried method would be useful for high throughput analysis of large number of samples in shorter period without chemical deterioration starting from the point of harvest until usage. Hence, this method is more suitable for metabolite profiling of tea as well as other phenol rich plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. A. Nimal Punyasiri
- Institute of Biochemistry Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, 00300 Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Brasathe Jeganathan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, 20400 Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | | | - M. T. Kumudini Gunasekare
- Coordinating Secretariat for Science, Technology & Innovation, 3rd Floor, Standard Charted Building, Janadhipathi Mawatha, 00100 Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - B. M. Rathnayake Bandara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, 20400 Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
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22
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Tea consumption and mortality of all cancers, CVD and all causes: a meta-analysis of eighteen prospective cohort studies. Br J Nutr 2015. [PMID: 26202661 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515002329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated inconsistent associations between tea consumption and mortality of all cancers, CVD and all causes. To obtain quantitative overall estimates, we conducted a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. A literature search in PubMed and Embase up to April 2015 was conducted for all relevant papers published. Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled relative risks (RR) with 95 % CI. In eighteen prospective studies, there were 12 221, 11 306 and 55 528 deaths from all cancers, CVD and all causes, respectively. For all cancer mortality, the summary RR for the highest v. lowest category of green tea and black tea consumption were 1·06 (95 % CI 0·98, 1·15) and 0·79 (95 % CI 0·65, 0·97), respectively. For CVD mortality, the summary RR for the highest v. lowest category of green tea and black tea consumption were 0·67 (95 % CI 0·46, 0·96) and 0·88 (95 % CI 0·77, 1·01), respectively. For all-cause mortality, the summary RR for the highest v. lowest category of green tea and black tea consumption were 0·80 (95 % CI 0·68, 0·93) and 0·90 (95 % CI 0·83, 0·98), respectively. The dose-response analysis indicated that one cup per d increment of green tea consumption was associated with 5 % lower risk of CVD mortality and with 4 % lower risk of all-cause mortality. Green tea consumption was significantly inversely associated with CVD and all-cause mortality, whereas black tea consumption was significantly inversely associated with all cancer and all-cause mortality.
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24
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Man G, Mauro TM, Zhai Y, Kim PL, Cheung C, Hupe M, Crumrine D, Elias PM, Man MQ. Topical hesperidin enhances epidermal function in an aged murine model. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 135:1184-1187. [PMID: 25402552 PMCID: PMC4366273 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George Man
- Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Theodora M Mauro
- Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yongjiao Zhai
- Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peggy L Kim
- Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Carolyn Cheung
- Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Melanie Hupe
- Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Debbie Crumrine
- Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peter M Elias
- Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mao-Qiang Man
- Dermatology Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
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Schulz CM, Fritz H, Ruthenschrör A. Occurrence of 15 + 1 EU priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in various types of tea (Camellia sinensis) and herbal infusions. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2014; 31:1723-35. [PMID: 25186127 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2014.952785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
For the analysis of 15 + 1 EU priority PAH in tea and herbal infusions, an online-SPE-LVI-GC-MS method was developed. This method includes sample extraction of the tea and herbal infusions with saponification followed by an automated SPE clean-up step. For brews a liquid-liquid extraction with cyclohexane was performed before an automated SPE clean-up. Gas chromatographic separation was done using an Agilent J&W Select PAH (15 m × 0.15 mm × 0.10 µm) column, which allows the separation of the three benzofluoranthenes as well as triphenylene from chrysene. Method performance criteria such as method linearity, limit of quantitation (LOQ) and repeatability were determined and demonstrated that the method was fit for purpose. The method was used to analyse 15 + 1 EU priority PAH in 91 tea and herbal infusion samples. The levels of PAHs ranged from below 0.5 (LOQ) to 460 µg kg⁻¹, with a median of 4.7 µg kg⁻¹ and a mean of 39 µg kg⁻¹ for BaP, and from below 1.0 (LOQ) to 2700 µg kg⁻¹, with a median of 39 µg kg⁻¹ and a mean of 250 µg kg⁻¹ for total PAH, which were in good agreement with other studies reported in the literature. For the brews prepared under normal house preparation (20 g material in 2 L boiling tap water for 10 min), no total 15 + 1 PAH could be detected above the LOQ. With an extended brewing time of 30 min, a transfer rate between 0.25% and 0.52% could be determined, which results in no exceeding of the maximum limits given by the European Union directive for drinking water (EU Council Directive 98/83/EC).
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Šavikin K, Zdunić G, Janković T, Gođevac D, Stanojković T, Pljevljakušić D. Berry fruit teas: Phenolic composition and cytotoxic activity. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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A Comparison of Total Antioxidant Capacities of Concord, Purple, Red, and Green Grapes Using the CUPRAC Assay. Antioxidants (Basel) 2013; 2:257-64. [PMID: 26784463 PMCID: PMC4665517 DOI: 10.3390/antiox2040257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering how popular grapes are in terms of their antioxidant benefits, we compared concord, purple, red, and green grapes for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and carbohydrate concentration. All grapes were acquired from commercial sources and samples of each were separated into skinned and not skinned groups. Each whole grape and the skins were individually homogenized and then separated into pulp and supernatant fractions. Each fraction was analyzed for total TAC and carbohydrates. The concord grapes and purple grapes had significantly higher TAC in the homogenates than did the red or green grapes. The concord grapes and green grapes had significantly higher TAC in the pulp than in the cytosol whereas the red and purple grapes had approximately the same amount. The majority of the TAC of the purple and red grapes was in the skin whereas the concord and green grapes had approximately the same TAC in the skin and pulp. The concord and purple grapes had the highest TAC when compared to the red and green grapes, whereas the red and green grapes had approximately the same total TAC.
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29
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Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties and Phenolic Composition of Fruit Tea Infusions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2013; 2:206-15. [PMID: 26784459 PMCID: PMC4665523 DOI: 10.3390/antiox2040206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The popularity of fruit tea is increasing in the world because of its antioxidant properties and attractive taste. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the antioxidant property and phenolic composition of 16 different fruit teas. The antioxidant property and total phenol content of fruit teas depending on the extraction condition (water temperature) were examined using the ABTS (2,2-azinobis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid]) method and the Folin-Ciocalteu method, respectively. The contents of total flavonoid and total anthocyanin of fruit teas was determined by using the UV/Vis spectrophotometric method. The phenolic composition was determined and quantified by using high performance liquid chromatography and photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA). The highest total phenol content and antioxidant capacity were determined in pomegranate (I). The highest contents of total flavonoid and total anthocyanin were determined in peach (III) and blackberry (I), respectively. Chlorogenic acid, quercetin, myricetin, rutin, rosmarinic acid and ferulic acid were determined in fruit teas. A water temperature of 100 °C was the most effective to extract the highest contents of total phenols, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and the highest antioxidant capacity in 16 different fruit teas. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of water temperature on the extraction and quantify the various phenolic compounds in fruit teas by HPLC method for industrial application in producing the extracts.
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Eremia SAV, Vasilescu I, Radoi A, Litescu SC, Radu GL. Disposable biosensor based on platinum nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide-laccase biocomposite for the determination of total polyphenolic content. Talanta 2013; 110:164-70. [PMID: 23618190 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A disposable amperometric biosensor was developed for the detection of total polyphenolic compounds from tea infusions. The biosensor was designed by modifying the surface of a carbon screen-printed electrode with platinum nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide, followed by the laccase drop-casting and stabilization in neutralised 1% Nafion solution. The obtained biosensor was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical techniques. It was observed that platinum nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide composite had synergistic effects on the electron transfer and increased the electroactive surface area of the carbon screen-printed electrode. The constructed analytical tool showed a good linearity in the range 0.2-2 μM for caffeic acid and a limit of detection of 0.09 μM. The value of Michaelis-Menten apparent constant was calculated from the electrochemical version of Lineweaver-Burk equation to be 2.75 μM. This disposable laccase biosensor could be a valuable tool for the estimation of total polyphenolic content from tea infusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra A V Eremia
- Centre of Bioanalysis, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
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Pękal A, Dróżdż P, Biesaga M, Pyrzynska K. Polyphenolic content and comparative antioxidant capacity of flavoured black teas. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2012; 63:742-8. [PMID: 22260547 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2011.653552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The content of selected flavonoids and phenolic acids of 12 commercial flavoured black tea infusions was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry in the negative electrospray ionization mode. Assays for the evaluation of their antioxidant capacity were carried out by cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity, Folin-Ciocalteu assay, cyclic voltammetry and potentiometry. Flavonoids were predominantly present as glycosides in the studied infusions. Only quercetin as a free aglycone was found at trace levels. Notable amount of naringin and hesperidin was determined in teas with citrus aromas or fruits. These compounds were not found in premium black tea. Two principal groups of the studied teas were found using cluster analysis in relation to the values of their antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pękal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, Warsaw, Poland
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Beresniak A, Duru G, Berger G, Bremond-Gignac D. Relationships between black tea consumption and key health indicators in the world: an ecological study. BMJ Open 2012; 2:bmjopen-2011-000648. [PMID: 23138107 PMCID: PMC3533110 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate potential statistical relationships between black tea consumption and key health indicators in the world. The research question is: Does tea consumption is correlated with one or more epidemiological indicators? DESIGN Ecological study using a systematic data-mining approach in which the unit of the analysis is a population of one country. SETTING Six variables, black tea consumption data and prevalence data of respiratory diseases, infectious diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, have been studied at a global level. PARTICIPANTS Data from 50 participating countries in the World Health Survey were investigated. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES MEASURES: Level of statistical relationships between variables. RESULTS Principal component analysis established a very high contribution of the black tea consumption parameter on the third axis (81%). The correlation circle confirmed that the 'black tea' vector was negatively correlated with the diabetes vector and was not correlated with any of the other four health indicators. A linear correlation model then confirmed a significant statistical correlation between high black tea consumption and low diabetes prevalence. CONCLUSIONS This innovative study establishes a linear statistical correlation between high black tea consumption and low diabetes prevalence in the world. These results are consistent with biological and physiological studies conducted on the effect of black tea on diabetes and confirm the results of a previous ecological study in Europe. Further epidemiological research and randomised studies are necessary to investigate the causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Beresniak
- Department of Research, Data Mining International, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Duru
- Department of Research, Data Mining International, Geneva, Switzerland
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