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Hansdah K, Lui JC. Emerging Insights into the Endocrine Regulation of Bone Homeostasis by Gut Microbiome. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvae117. [PMID: 38957653 PMCID: PMC11215793 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays an important role in the regulation of bone homeostasis and bone health. Recent studies showed that these effects could be mediated through microbial metabolites released by the microbiota like short-chain fatty acids, metabolism of endogenous molecules such as bile acids, or a complex interplay between microbiota, the endocrine system, and the immune system. Importantly, some studies showed a reciprocal relationship between the endocrine system and gut microbiota. For instance, postmenopausal estrogen deficiency could lead to dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, which could in turn affect various immune response and bone remodeling. In addition, evidence showed that shift in the indigenous gut microbiota caused by antibiotics treatment may also impact normal skeletal growth and maturation. In this mini-review, we describe recent findings on the role of microbiome in bone homeostasis, with a particular focus on molecular mechanisms and their interactions with the endocrine and immune system. We will also discuss the recent findings on estrogen deficiency and microbiota dysbiosis, and the clinical implications for the development of new therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis and other bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirtal Hansdah
- Section on Growth and Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Julian C Lui
- Section on Growth and Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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2
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Olteanu G, Ciucă-Pană MA, Busnatu ȘS, Lupuliasa D, Neacșu SM, Mititelu M, Musuc AM, Ioniță-Mîndrican CB, Boroghină SC. Unraveling the Microbiome-Human Body Axis: A Comprehensive Examination of Therapeutic Strategies, Interactions and Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5561. [PMID: 38791599 PMCID: PMC11122276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review scrutinizes the intricate interplay between the microbiome and the human body, exploring its multifaceted dimensions and far-reaching implications. The human microbiome, comprising diverse microbial communities inhabiting various anatomical niches, is increasingly recognized as a critical determinant of human health and disease. Through an extensive examination of current research, this review elucidates the dynamic interactions between the microbiome and host physiology across multiple organ systems. Key topics include the establishment and maintenance of microbiota diversity, the influence of host factors on microbial composition, and the bidirectional communication pathways between microbiota and host cells. Furthermore, we delve into the functional implications of microbiome dysbiosis in disease states, emphasizing its role in shaping immune responses, metabolic processes, and neurological functions. Additionally, this review discusses emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating the microbiome to restore host-microbe homeostasis and promote health. Microbiota fecal transplantation represents a groundbreaking therapeutic approach in the management of dysbiosis-related diseases, offering a promising avenue for restoring microbial balance within the gut ecosystem. This innovative therapy involves the transfer of fecal microbiota from a healthy donor to an individual suffering from dysbiosis, aiming to replenish beneficial microbial populations and mitigate pathological imbalances. By synthesizing findings from diverse fields, this review offers valuable insights into the complex relationship between the microbiome and the human body, highlighting avenues for future research and clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Olteanu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria-Alexandra Ciucă-Pană
- Department of Cardiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bagdasar-Arseni Emergency Hospital, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ștefan Sebastian Busnatu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dumitru Lupuliasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Sorinel Marius Neacșu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania; (D.L.); (S.M.N.)
| | - Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adina Magdalena Musuc
- Institute of Physical Chemistry—Ilie Murgulescu, Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina-Bianca Ioniță-Mîndrican
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Steluța Constanța Boroghină
- Department of Complementary Sciences, History of Medicine and Medical Culture, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
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Ai T, Shang L, Li B, Li J, Qin R. Konjac Oligosaccharides Alleviated Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss through Gut Microbiota Modulation and Treg/Th17 Regulation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7969-7979. [PMID: 38551374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides from the plant Amorphophallus konjac were potentially effective in menopausal osteoporosis due to their prebiotic attributes. The present work mainly studied the regulation of konjac oligosaccharides (KOS) on menopausal bone loss. Experiments were carried out in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, and various contents of KOS were correlated with diet. After 3 months of treatment, the degree of osteoporosis was determined by bone mineral density and femoral microarchitecture. The research data showed that the 8% dietary KOS significantly alleviated bone loss in OVX rats, as it promoted the bone trabecular number by 134.2% and enhanced the bone bending stiffness by 103.1%. From the perspective of the gut-bone axis, KOS promoted gut barrier repair and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines. Besides, KOS promoted the growth of Bifidobacterium longum and restored Treg/Th17 balance in bone marrow. The two aspects contributed to decreased osteoclastogenic activity and thus inhibited inflammation-related bone loss. This work extended current knowledge of prebiotic inhibition on bone loss and provide an alternative strategy for osteoporosis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyang Ai
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hubei Minzu University, Wuhan 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Longchen Shang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hubei Minzu University, Wuhan 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hubei Minzu University, Wuhan 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Qin
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
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4
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Rousta N, Aslan M, Yesilcimen Akbas M, Ozcan F, Sar T, Taherzadeh MJ. Effects of fungal based bioactive compounds on human health: Review paper. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:7004-7027. [PMID: 36794421 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2178379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the first years of history, microbial fermentation products such as bread, wine, yogurt and vinegar have always been noteworthy regarding their nutritional and health effects. Similarly, mushrooms have been a valuable food product in point of both nutrition and medicine due to their rich chemical components. Alternatively, filamentous fungi, which can be easier to produce, play an active role in the synthesis of some bioactive compounds, which are also important for health, as well as being rich in protein content. Therefore, this review presents some important bioactive compounds (bioactive peptides, chitin/chitosan, β-glucan, gamma-aminobutyric acid, L-carnitine, ergosterol and fructooligosaccharides) synthesized by fungal strains and their health benefits. In addition, potential probiotic- and prebiotic fungi were researched to determine their effects on gut microbiota. The current uses of fungal based bioactive compounds for cancer treatment were also discussed. The use of fungal strains in the food industry, especially to develop innovative food production, has been seen as promising microorganisms in obtaining healthy and nutritious food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rousta
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
| | - Melissa Aslan
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Meltem Yesilcimen Akbas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ferruh Ozcan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Taner Sar
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden
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5
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Roles of Gut Microbiome in Bone Homeostasis and Its Relationship with Bone-Related Diseases. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101402. [PMID: 36290306 PMCID: PMC9598716 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary In recent years, there has been increasing evidence that communication between the skeletal system and the gut microbiome (GM) can influence bone health and that the GM is a key regulator of bone homeostasis. Here, we review the roles of GM in bone homeostasis. In addition, the relationship between GM composition and selected bone-related diseases (osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, obesity and bone cancer) is presented. It is also emphasized that a probiotic supplementation can play an important role in suppressing the symptoms of each of these diseases. Abstract The extended microbial genome—the gut microbiome (GM)—plays a significant role in host health and disease. It is able to influence a number of physiological functions. During dysbiosis, GM is associated with the development of various chronic diseases with impaired bone quality. In general, GM is important for bone homeostasis and can affect it via several mechanisms. This review describes the roles of GM in bone homeostasis through influencing the immune and endocrine functions, short-chain fatty acids production, calcium absorption and the gut–brain axis. The relationship between GM composition and several bone-related diseases, specifically osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, obesity and bone cancer, is also highlighted and summarized. GM manipulation may become a future adjuvant therapy in the prevention of many chronic diseases. Therefore, the beneficial effects of probiotic therapy to improve the health status of individuals with aforementioned diseases are provided, but further studies are needed to clearly confirm its effectiveness. Recent evidence suggests that GM is responsible for direct and indirect effects on drug efficacy. Accordingly, various GM alterations and interactions related to the treatment of bone-related diseases are mentioned as well.
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Seijo M, Bonanno MN, Bryk G, Zeni Coronel ME, Pita Martin de Portela ML, Zeni SN. Does Vitamin D Insufficiency Influence Prebiotic Effect on Calcium Absorption and Bone Retention? Calcif Tissue Int 2022; 111:300-312. [PMID: 35505249 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-00984-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Higher calcium (Ca) absorption would partially compensate for Ca intake below requirements for bone health. Previously, we found that GOS/FOS prebiotic mixture (PM) increases Ca absorption in the colon and retention in bone. Ca absorption and retention are regulated by vitamin D (VD). Hence, it is relevant to explore whether VD insufficiency influences the effect of the PM in the colon. The effect of the PM on Ca, phosphate (IP), and magnesium (Mg) absorption and retention under conditions of VD sufficiency and insufficiency (VDInsuff) was compared using a preclinical model of VDInsuff and low bone mass. Ovariectomized rats were fed isocaloric semisynthetic diets according to AIN-93 M. The diets varied in Ca (0.5% or 0.3%), VD [100 IU% (+ D) or 0 IU% (- D)], and PM (2.5% or 0%) content. The following eight groups were studied: + D0.5; + D0.3; + DPM0.5; + DPM0.3; - D0.5; - D0.3; - DPM0.5; and - DPM0.3. Irrespective of Ca content, VDInsuff did not affect the prebiotic effect of the PM on caecum pH, lactobacillus colony growth, or Mg absorption but significantly decreased its effect on colonic crypt length and cell/crypt and Ca and IP absorption. The PM failed to counterbalance the pro-inflammatory effect of VDInsuff. Moreover, bone retention i.e., bone mineral content and density, bone volume, and bone quality parameters were significantly lower (p < 0.05) and bone turnover significantly was higher (p < 0.05). Although the PM is a useful tool to improve mineral absorption and bone retention, it would seem important to monitor VD nutritional status to ensure the full prebiotic effect in the large intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Seijo
- Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (FFyB), Clinical Hospital "José de San Martín", Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina N Bonanno
- Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (FFyB), Clinical Hospital "José de San Martín", Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Embryology and Histology, School of Dentistry, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Bryk
- Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (FFyB), Clinical Hospital "José de San Martín", Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratory Division, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Ashdod, Israel
| | - Magali E Zeni Coronel
- Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (FFyB), Clinical Hospital "José de San Martín", Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Veterinary Sciences (FVet), UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Susana N Zeni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (FFyB), Clinical Hospital "José de San Martín", Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- , Cordoba Ave 2351, 8th floor, Zip Code 1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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7
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Beggs MR, Bhullar H, Dimke H, Alexander RT. The contribution of regulated colonic calcium absorption to the maintenance of calcium homeostasis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 220:106098. [PMID: 35339651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2022.106098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Calcium absorption and secretion can occur along the length of the small and large intestine. To date, the focus of research into intestinal calcium absorption has been the small intestine, the site contributing the majority of intestinal calcium absorption. However, evidence that the colon contributes as much as 10% of enteral calcium transport has been available for decades. Transcellular calcium absorption and bidirectional paracellular calcium flux contributing to either net absorption or secretion have been observed in the colon, depending on the physiological state. Moreover, the calcium transport pathways contributing to colonic absorption or secretion are regulated by a variety of hormones, including calcitriol, plasma calcium and dietary factors, including prebiotics. Herein we review historical and recent research highlighting the role of colonic calcium transport in overall maintenance of calcium balance, and suggest these data are consistent with the colon being a site of significant regulated transepithelial calcium transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan R Beggs
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Canada; Women's and Children's Health Institute, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Henrik Dimke
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Demark; Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - R Todd Alexander
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Canada; Women's and Children's Health Institute, Alberta, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of Alberta, Canada.
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Zhao M, Ma A, He H, Zhang X, Jia L, Hou T. In vitro
caecum fermentation and
in vivo
(
Gallus gallus
) of calcium delivery systems fabricated by desalted duck egg white peptides and chitosan oligosaccharide on gut health. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengge Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University) Ministry of Education Wuhan 43000 China
| | - Aimin Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University) Ministry of Education Wuhan 43000 China
| | - Hui He
- College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University) Ministry of Education Wuhan 43000 China
| | - Xing Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University) Ministry of Education Wuhan 43000 China
| | - Lei Jia
- College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University) Ministry of Education Wuhan 43000 China
| | - Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University) Ministry of Education Wuhan 43000 China
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9
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Topolska K, Bienko M, Ptaszek P, Florkiewicz A, Radzki RP, Filipiak-Florkiewicz A. When Incorporated into Fruit Sorbet Matrix, Are the Fructans in Natural Raw Materials More Beneficial for Bone Health than Commercial Formulation Added Alone? Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12091134. [PMID: 35565561 PMCID: PMC9101039 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the extent to which fructans from various sources and added in various forms (raw materials in diet alone or incorporated into a strawberry matrix) differ in their effectiveness towards selected parameters related to bone health under calcium hypoalimentation in growing female Wistar rats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of selected parameters involved in calcium metabolism, in response to a 12-week restriction of Ca intake: serum ions (Ca, Mg, P); the activity of alkaline phosphatase—using a BS 120 analyzer; the markers of bone turnover (osteocalcin, CTX; using a Rat-MidTMOsteocalcinEIA Kit and RatLapsTMEIA, respectively); and the bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD), using a Norland Excell Plus Densitometer. Among the examined markers, the CTX concentration increased dramatically under calcium hypoalimentation. The presence of Jerusalem artichoke (independently of the form of addition) and yacon root powder (with strawberry sorbet matrix) in the rats’ diet led to a significantly lower CTX concentration than was observed in the low-calcium control group. The type of fructan influenced the bone mass content. When fructan was added to the low-calcium diet as an ingredient of sorbet, it exerted more pronounced effects on the biochemical parameters of bone metabolism than when added alone, in the growing-female-rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Topolska
- Department of Plant Product Technology and Nutrition Hygiene, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-6624832
| | - Marek Bienko
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (R.P.R.)
| | - Paweł Ptaszek
- Department of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Adam Florkiewicz
- Department of Food Analysis and Quality Assessment, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Radoslaw P. Radzki
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 12, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.B.); (R.P.R.)
| | - Agnieszka Filipiak-Florkiewicz
- Department of Plant Product Technology and Nutrition Hygiene, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland;
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10
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Faraj M, Napoli N. The Impact of Diet on Bone and Fracture Risk in Diabetes. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2022; 20:26-42. [PMID: 35201556 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00725-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize the recently published scientific evidence on the effects of diet on diabetes and skeletal health. RECENT FINDINGS The impact of diet on overall health has been a growing topic of interest among researchers. An inappropriate eating habit is a relatively modified risk factor for diabetes in adults. Parallel with the significant increase in the incidence of diabetes mellitus worldwide, many studies have shown the benefits of lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise for people with, or at risk of developing, diabetes. In the last years, accumulating evidence suggests that diabetes is a risk factor for bone fragility. As lifestyle intervention represents an effective option for diabetes management and treatment, there is potential for an effect on bone health. Healthy lifestyle is critical to prevent bone fragility. However, more studies are needed to fully understand the impact of diet and weight loss on fracture risk in diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Faraj
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - N Napoli
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy.
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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Seijo M, Bonanno MS, Vénica CI, Marotte C, Pita Martín de Portela ML, Bergamini CV, Wolf IV, Perotti MC, Zeni SN. A yoghurt containing galactooligosaccharides and having low‐lactose level improves calcium absorption and retention during growth: experimental study. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Seijo
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Laboratory Immunology, Genetic and Metabolism Institute (INIGEM) National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET) School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Buenos Aires University (UBA) Clinical Hospital “José de San Martín” CABA Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Marina Soledad Bonanno
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Laboratory Immunology, Genetic and Metabolism Institute (INIGEM) National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET) School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Buenos Aires University (UBA) Clinical Hospital “José de San Martín” CABA Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Claudia Inés Vénica
- Institute of Industrial Lactology (INLAIN) National University of the Litoral (UNL) National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET) School of Chemical Engineering (FIQ) Santa Fe Argentina
| | - Clarisa Marotte
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Laboratory Immunology, Genetic and Metabolism Institute (INIGEM) National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET) School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Buenos Aires University (UBA) Clinical Hospital “José de San Martín” CABA Buenos Aires Argentina
| | | | - Carina Viviana Bergamini
- Institute of Industrial Lactology (INLAIN) National University of the Litoral (UNL) National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET) School of Chemical Engineering (FIQ) Santa Fe Argentina
| | - Irma Verónica Wolf
- Institute of Industrial Lactology (INLAIN) National University of the Litoral (UNL) National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET) School of Chemical Engineering (FIQ) Santa Fe Argentina
| | - María Cristina Perotti
- Institute of Industrial Lactology (INLAIN) National University of the Litoral (UNL) National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET) School of Chemical Engineering (FIQ) Santa Fe Argentina
| | - Susana Noemí Zeni
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Laboratory Immunology, Genetic and Metabolism Institute (INIGEM) National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET) School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Buenos Aires University (UBA) Clinical Hospital “José de San Martín” CABA Buenos Aires Argentina
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12
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Morales-Ferré C, Azagra-Boronat I, Massot-Cladera M, Tims S, Knipping K, Garssen J, Knol J, Franch À, Castell M, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Pérez-Cano FJ. Effects of a Postbiotic and Prebiotic Mixture on Suckling Rats' Microbiota and Immunity. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13092975. [PMID: 34578853 PMCID: PMC8469903 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human milk serves as a model for infant formula providing nutritional solutions for infants not able to receive enough mother’s milk. Infant formulas aim to mimic the composition and functionality of human milk by providing ingredients reflecting those of the latest human milk insights, such as prebiotics, probiotics and postbiotics. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the supplementation with a postbiotic (LactofidusTM) and its combination with the prebiotics short-chain galactooligosaccharides (scGOS) and long-chain fructooligosaccharides (lcFOS) in a preclinical model of healthy suckling rats. Pups were supplemented daily with LactofidusTM (POST group) and/or scGOS/lcFOS (P+P and PRE groups, respectively). Body weight and fecal consistency were analyzed. At the end of the study, immunoglobulin (Ig) profile, intestinal gene expression, microbiota composition and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) proportion were quantified. The supplementation with all nutritional interventions modulated the Ig profile, but the prebiotic mixture and the postbiotic induced differential effects: whereas scGOS/lcFOS induced softer feces and modulated microbiota composition and SCFA profile, Lactofidus™ upregulated Toll-like receptors gene expression. The use of the combination of scGOS/lcFOS and Lactofidus™ showed the effects observed for the oligosaccharides separately, as well as showing a synergistic impact on animal growth. Thus, the combined use of both products seems to be a good strategy to modulate immune and microbial features in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Morales-Ferré
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.M.-F.); (I.A.-B.); (M.M.-C.); (À.F.); (M.C.); (F.J.P.-C.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Ignasi Azagra-Boronat
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.M.-F.); (I.A.-B.); (M.M.-C.); (À.F.); (M.C.); (F.J.P.-C.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Malén Massot-Cladera
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.M.-F.); (I.A.-B.); (M.M.-C.); (À.F.); (M.C.); (F.J.P.-C.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Sebastian Tims
- Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.T.); (K.K.); (J.G.); (J.K.)
| | - Karen Knipping
- Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.T.); (K.K.); (J.G.); (J.K.)
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.T.); (K.K.); (J.G.); (J.K.)
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Knol
- Danone Nutricia Research, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; (S.T.); (K.K.); (J.G.); (J.K.)
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Àngels Franch
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.M.-F.); (I.A.-B.); (M.M.-C.); (À.F.); (M.C.); (F.J.P.-C.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Margarida Castell
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.M.-F.); (I.A.-B.); (M.M.-C.); (À.F.); (M.C.); (F.J.P.-C.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - María J. Rodríguez-Lagunas
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.M.-F.); (I.A.-B.); (M.M.-C.); (À.F.); (M.C.); (F.J.P.-C.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-934-024-505
| | - Francisco J. Pérez-Cano
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.M.-F.); (I.A.-B.); (M.M.-C.); (À.F.); (M.C.); (F.J.P.-C.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
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13
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Nag D, Kumar V, Kumar V, Kumar S, Singh D. A New Extracellular β-Galactosidase Producing Kluyveromyces sp. PCH397 from Yak Milk and Its Applications for Lactose Hydrolysis and Prebiotics Synthesis. Indian J Microbiol 2021; 61:391-395. [PMID: 34295004 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-021-00955-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Galactosidase is a crucial glycoside hydrolase enzyme with potential applications in the dairy, food, and pharmaceutical industries. The enzyme is produced in the intracellular environment by bacteria and yeast. The present study reports yeast Kluyveromyces sp. PCH397 isolated from yak milk, which has displayed extracellular β-galactosidase activity in cell-free supernatant through the growth phase. To investigate further, cell counting and methylene blue staining of culture collected at different growth stages were performed and suggested for possible autolysis or cell lysis, thereby releasing enzymes into the extracellular medium. The maximum enzyme production (9.94 ± 2.53U/ml) was achieved at 37 °C in a modified deMan, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) medium supplemented with lactose (1.5%) as a carbon source. The enzyme showed activity at a wide temperature range (4-50 °C), maximum at 50 °C in neutral pH (7.0). In addition to the hydrolysis of lactose (5.0%), crude β-galactosidase also synthesized vital prebiotics (i.e., lactulose and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS)). Additionally, β-fructofuranosidase (FFase) activity in the culture supernatant ensued the synthesis of a significant prebiotic, fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS). Hence, the unique features such as extracellular enzymes production, efficient lactose hydrolysis, and broad temperature functionality by yeast isolate PCH397 are of industrial relevance. In conclusion, the present study unrevealed for the first time, extracellular production of β-galactosidase from a new yeast source and its applications in milk lactose hydrolysis and synthesis of valuable prebiotics of industrial importance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12088-021-00955-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Nag
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Himachal Pradesh, Post Box No. 6, Palampur, 176 061 India.,Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005 India
| | - Virender Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Himachal Pradesh, Post Box No. 6, Palampur, 176 061 India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Himachal Pradesh, Post Box No. 6, Palampur, 176 061 India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Himachal Pradesh, Post Box No. 6, Palampur, 176 061 India
| | - Dharam Singh
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Himachal Pradesh, Post Box No. 6, Palampur, 176 061 India
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Ishizu T, Takai E, Torii S, Taguchi M. Prebiotic Food Intake May Improve Bone Resorption in Japanese Female Athletes: A Pilot Study. Sports (Basel) 2021; 9:sports9060082. [PMID: 34200082 PMCID: PMC8227222 DOI: 10.3390/sports9060082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to clarify the influence of inulin and lactulose-fortified prebiotic food intakes on bone metabolism turnover among Japanese female athletes. The participants included 29 female athletes aged 18–25 years. They were requested to consume their habitual foods or drinks with one pack of prebiotic food every day for 12 weeks. Dietary intake, training time, body composition, blood sample, and fecal microbiota were assessed during this intervention period. Body composition, total energy intake, and training time of the participants revealed no significant changes during the intervention period. The occupation ratio of Bifidobacterium spp. was significantly increased at 3 and 4 weeks (18.0 ± 8.3% and 17.6 ± 8.5%, respectively) compared to that of pre-intervention (11.7 ± 7.3%) (p = 0.019 and p = 0.035, respectively). The serum TRACP-5b level was significantly decreased at 12 weeks (363 ± 112 mU/dL) compared to that at baseline (430 ± 154 mU/dL) (p = 0.018). These results suggest that the prebiotic food used in this study might have beneficial effects on bone health and gut microbial environment among female athletes. Further studies are warranted to identify the mechanism of the prebiotics–gut–bone axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Ishizu
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan;
| | - Eri Takai
- Waseda Institute of Sports Nutrition, Saitama 359-1192, Japan; (E.T.); (S.T.)
- Sports Medical Center, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo 115-0056, Japan
| | - Suguru Torii
- Waseda Institute of Sports Nutrition, Saitama 359-1192, Japan; (E.T.); (S.T.)
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
| | - Motoko Taguchi
- Waseda Institute of Sports Nutrition, Saitama 359-1192, Japan; (E.T.); (S.T.)
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-4-2947-6778
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15
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Ai T, Hao L, Shang L, Wang L, Li B, Li J. Konjac Oligosaccharides Modulate the Gut Environment and Promote Bone Health in Calcium-Deficient Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:4412-4422. [PMID: 33832226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effect of konjac oligosaccharides (KOS) on bone health in calcium-deficient mice. During the experimental period, low-calcium diet-fed mice were administered with calcium chloride to simulate daily calcium supplementation. Meanwhile, different levels of KOS intervened by adding them into the diet. After 8 weeks, the calcium balance status, bone mass parameters, and gut environment modulation were evaluated. The results showed that dietary KOS intervention alleviated the negative calcium balance, significantly promoted the trabecular number and cortical thickness, and remarkably enhanced the skeletal mechanical strength. Moreover, Pearson's correlation analysis among significantly changed gut microbiota, gut metabolites, and relevant physiological indexes showed that the microbial genera of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Mucispirillum, Alistipes, and unidentified Clostridia and gut metabolites of kynurenine and testosterone were significantly associated with increased bone mass. These findings provided a new insight into the effect of prebiotics on bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyang Ai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lulu Hao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Longchen Shang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ling Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
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Gao H, Zhou Z. Effect of Xylo-Oligosaccharides Supplementation by Drinking Water on the Bone Properties and Related Calcium Transporters in Growing Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113542. [PMID: 33228037 PMCID: PMC7699350 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS), non-digestible oligosaccharides, have the potential to regulate intestinal microorganisms, and thus, improve host health, but little evidence exists for the prebiotic effects on bone health. This study evaluates the dose-response effect of XOS supplementation on bone properties, the morphology of the intestine, cecum pH, and cecum wall weight, as well as the related calcium transporters. Ninety-six 28-day-old male mice were randomized into one of four groups, fed the same commercial diet, and given different types of deionized water containing 0, 1, 2, or 4% XOS by concentration for 30 days. Eight mice were randomly selected to accomplish particular tasks every 10 days. No significant differences in serum Ca and P levels and growth performance were observed among the four studied groups. XOS intervention significantly decreased cecum pH and increased cecum wall weight in a dose-dependent manner. At the late growth stage, compared with 0% XOS, the bone mineral density (BMD) and bone-breaking strength in 4% XOS were significantly higher. The bone crystallinity with 4% XOS, measured by Raman spectrum, was significantly enhanced compared to that with 0% XOS during later growth. The villus height and villus height to crypt depth (VH:CD) were enhanced with an increase of XOS concentration during the later stage of growth. The expression of transient receptor potential vanillin receptor 6 (TRPV6) and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger 1 (NCX1) in the duodenum were enhanced by XOS supplementation. XOS exerted a positive influence on bone properties by decreasing the cecum pH, increasing the cecum wall and villus structure, and upregulating the expression of related calcium transporters.
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Mendoza-Ávila M, Gutiérrez-Cortez E, Quintero-García M, Real AD, Rivera-Muñoz EM, Ibarra-Alvarado C, Rubio E, Jiménez-Mendoza D, Rojas-Molina I. Calcium Bioavailability in the Soluble and Insoluble Fibers Extracted from Opuntia ficus indica at Different Maturity Stages in Growing Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113250. [PMID: 33114068 PMCID: PMC7690665 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood and adolescence are crucial stages of life for bone health. Therefore, an adequate calcium intake and a healthy life style constitute the main strategies to prevent the risk of osteoporosis-related fractures during adulthood. It has been demonstrated that inclusion of indigestible carbohydrates in foods can help improve calcium absorption in growing stages. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation of soluble and insoluble fibers extracted from O. ficus indica cladodes on calcium bioavailability. Male Wistar rats 4-week old were fed diets added with soluble and insoluble fibers extracted from O. ficus indica cladodes at early and late maturity stages, as the only source of calcium. The mineral content, bone mineral density (BMD), physical, microstructural, and biomechanical properties of rat femurs were determined. The bones of rats fed with diets containing a soluble fiber extracted from O. ficus indica at early and late maturity stages exhibited better bone properties (resistance to fracture, microarchitecture, and calcium content) than control rats and rats fed with an insoluble fiber from O. ficusindica cladodes at both maturity stages. As expected, based on these results, the BMD values were higher in adolescent and pubertal rats fed with a diet containing the O. ficus indica soluble fiber. These results demonstrate that the soluble fiber from O. ficus indica cladodes is indeed a valuable source of bioavailable calcium, which contributes to improve physical, densitometric, biomechanical, and microstructural properties of bone in growing rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monsserrat Mendoza-Ávila
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias de la Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Av. de las Ciencias S/N, Juriquilla C.P. 76230, Querétaro, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico; (M.Q.-G.); (C.I.-A.)
| | - Elsa Gutiérrez-Cortez
- Laboratorio de Procesos de Transformación y Tecnologías Emergentes en Alimentos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Km 2.5 Carretera Cuautitlán–Teoloyucan, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli C.P. 54714, Mexico;
| | - Michelle Quintero-García
- Laboratorio de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico; (M.Q.-G.); (C.I.-A.)
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico
| | - Alicia Del Real
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Jurqiuilla C.P. 7600, Querétaro, Mexico; (A.D.R.); (E.M.R.-M.)
| | - Eric M. Rivera-Muñoz
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Jurqiuilla C.P. 7600, Querétaro, Mexico; (A.D.R.); (E.M.R.-M.)
| | - César Ibarra-Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico; (M.Q.-G.); (C.I.-A.)
| | - Efraín Rubio
- Centro Universitario de Vinculación y Transferencia de Tecnología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Centro Universitario, Col. San Manuel S/N, Puebla C.P. 72540, Mexico;
| | - Daniel Jiménez-Mendoza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Física, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus León, Lomas del Bosque 103, Col. Lomas del Campestre, León C.P. 37150, Guanajuato, Mexico;
- Departamento de Ingeniería Electromecánica, Tecnológico Nacional de México/ITS de Purísima del Rincón. Blvd. Del Valle 2301, Col. Guardarrayas, Purísima del Rincón, Purísima del Rincón Guanajuato C.P. 36413, Mexico
| | - Isela Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Química Medicinal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro C.P. 76010, Mexico; (M.Q.-G.); (C.I.-A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-442-1921200 (ext. 5529); Fax: +52-442-1921302
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Basavaiah R, Gurudutt PS. Prebiotic Carbohydrates for Therapeutics. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 21:230-245. [PMID: 32990546 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200929140522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The food industry is constantly shifting focus based on prebiotics as health-promoting substrates rather than just food supplements. A prebiotic is "a selectively fermented ingredient that allows specific changes, both in the composition and/or activity in the gastrointestinal microflora that confers benefits upon host well-being and health." Prebiotics exert a plethora of health-promoting effects, which has lead to the establishment of multimillion food and pharma industries. The following are the health benefits attributed to prebiotics: mineral absorption, better immune response, increased resistance to bacterial infection, improved lipid metabolism, possible protection against cancer, relief from poor digestion of lactose, and reduction in the risk of diseases such as intestinal disease, non-insulin-dependent diabetes, obesity and allergy. Numerous studies in both animals and humans have demonstrated the health benefits of prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Basavaiah
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore - 570 020, Karnataka, CSIR, India
| | - Prapulla S Gurudutt
- Department of Microbiology and Fermentation Technology, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore - 570 020, Karnataka, CSIR, India
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Massot-Cladera M, Azagra-Boronat I, Franch À, Castell M, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Pérez-Cano FJ. Gut Health-Promoting Benefits of a Dietary Supplement of Vitamins with Inulin and Acacia Fibers in Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2196. [PMID: 32718017 PMCID: PMC7468733 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study's objective was to ascertain whether a nutritional multivitamin and mineral supplement enriched with two different dietary fibers influences microbiota composition, mineral absorption, and some immune and metabolic biomarkers in adult rats. Nine-week-old Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups: the reference group; the group receiving a daily supplement based on a food matrix with proteins, vitamins, and minerals; and two other groups receiving this supplement enriched with inulin (V + I) or acacia (V + A) fiber for four weeks. Microbiota composition was determined in cecal content and mineral content in fecal, blood, and femur samples. Intestinal IgA concentration, hematological, and biochemical variables were evaluated. Both V + I and V + A supplementations increased Firmicutes and Actinobacteria phyla, which were associated with a higher presence of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp. V + A supplementation increased calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and zinc concentrations in femur. V + I supplementation increased the fecal IgA content and reduced plasma total cholesterol and uric acid concentration. Both fiber-enriched supplements tested herein seem to be beneficial to gut-health, although differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malén Massot-Cladera
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.-C.); (I.A.-B.); (À.F.); (M.C.); (M.J.R.-L.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Ignasi Azagra-Boronat
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.-C.); (I.A.-B.); (À.F.); (M.C.); (M.J.R.-L.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Àngels Franch
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.-C.); (I.A.-B.); (À.F.); (M.C.); (M.J.R.-L.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Margarida Castell
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.-C.); (I.A.-B.); (À.F.); (M.C.); (M.J.R.-L.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Maria J. Rodríguez-Lagunas
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.-C.); (I.A.-B.); (À.F.); (M.C.); (M.J.R.-L.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Pérez-Cano
- Physiology Section, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.-C.); (I.A.-B.); (À.F.); (M.C.); (M.J.R.-L.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), 08921 Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Spain
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20
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Zhao M, Ma A, He H, Guo D, Hou T. Desalted duck egg white peptides-chitosan oligosaccharide copolymers as calcium delivery systems: Preparation, characterization and calcium release evaluation in vitro and vivo. Food Res Int 2020; 131:108974. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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The Interplay between Immune System and Microbiota in Osteoporosis. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:3686749. [PMID: 32184701 PMCID: PMC7061131 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3686749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and alterations of bone microarchitecture, with an increased risk of fractures. It is a multifactorial disorder that is more frequent in postmenopausal women but can be associated to other diseases (inflammatory and metabolic diseases). At present, several options are available to treat osteoporosis trying to block bone reabsorption and reduce the risk of fracture. Anyway, these drugs have safety and tolerance problems in long-term treatment. Recently, gut microbiota has been highlighted to have strong influence on bone metabolism, becoming a potential new target to modify bone mineral density. Such evidences are mainly based on mouse models, showing an involvement in modulating the interaction between the immune system and bone cells. Germ-free mice represent a basic model to understand the interaction between microbiota, immune system, and bone cells, even though data are controversial. Anyway, such models have unequivocally demonstrated a connection between such systems, even if the mechanism is unclear. Gut microbiota is a complex system that influences calcium and vitamin D absorption and modulates gut permeability, hormonal secretion, and immune response. A key role is played by the T helper 17 lymphocytes, TNF, interleukin 17, and RANK ligand system. Other important pathways include NOD1, NOD2, and Toll-like receptor 5. Prebiotics and probiotics are a wide range of substances and germs that can influence and modify microbiota. Several studies demonstrated actions by different prebiotics and probiotics in different animals, differing according to sex, age, and hormonal status. Data on the effects on humans are poor and controversial. Gut microbiota manipulation appears a possible strategy to prevent and treat osteopenia and/or osteoporosis as well as other possible bone alterations, even though further clinical studies are necessary to identify correct procedures in humans.
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Human Milk Oligosaccharides: Health Benefits, Potential Applications in Infant Formulas, and Pharmacology. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12010266. [PMID: 31968617 PMCID: PMC7019891 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The first months of life are a special time for the health development and protection of infants. Breastfeeding is the natural and best way of feeding an infant, and positively influences their development and health. Breast milk provides the ideal balance of nutrients for the infant and contains countless bioactive ingredients such as immunoglobulins, hormones, oligosaccharides and others. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are a very important and interesting constituent of human milk, and are the third most abundant solid component after lactose and lipids. They are a structurally and biologically diverse group of complex indigestible sugars. This article will discuss the mechanisms of action of HMOs in infants, such as their anti-adhesive properties, properties modulating the immune system, and impact on bacterial flora development. Many health benefits result from consuming HMOs. They also may decrease the risk of infection by their interactions with viruses, bacteria or protozoa. The commercial use of HMOs in infant formula, future directions, and research on the use of HMOs as a therapy will be discussed.
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Lactobacillus paracasei HII01, xylooligosaccharide and synbiotics improve tibial microarchitecture in obese-insulin resistant rats. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Rogier R, Ederveen THA, Wopereis H, Hartog A, Boekhorst J, van Hijum SAFT, Knol J, Garssen J, Walgreen B, Helsen MM, van der Kraan PM, van Lent PLEM, van de Loo FAJ, Abdollahi-Roodsaz S, Koenders MI. Supplementation of diet with non-digestible oligosaccharides alters the intestinal microbiota, but not arthritis development, in IL-1 receptor antagonist deficient mice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219366. [PMID: 31283798 PMCID: PMC6613703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiome is perturbed in patients with new-onset and chronic autoimmune inflammatory arthritis. Recent studies in mouse models suggest that development and progression of autoimmune arthritis is highly affected by the intestinal microbiome. This makes modulation of the intestinal microbiota an interesting novel approach to suppress inflammatory arthritis. Prebiotics, defined as non-digestible carbohydrates that selectively stimulate the growth and activity of beneficial microorganisms, provide a relatively non-invasive approach to modulate the intestinal microbiota. The aim of this study was to assess the therapeutic potential of dietary supplementation with a prebiotic mixture of 90% short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides and 10% long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scGOS/lcFOS) in experimental arthritis in mice. We here show that dietary supplementation with scGOS/lcFOS has a pronounced effect on the composition of the fecal microbiota. Interestingly, the genera Enterococcus and Clostridium were markedly decreased by scGOS/lcFOS dietary supplementation. In contrast, the family Lachnospiraceae and the genus Lactobacillus, both associated with healthy microbiota, increased in mice receiving scGOS/lcFOS diet. However, the scGOS/lcFOS induced alterations of the intestinal microbiota did not induce significant effects on the intestinal and systemic T helper cell subsets and were not sufficient to reproducibly suppress arthritis in mice. As expected, we did observe a significant increase in the bone mineral density in mice upon dietary supplementation with scGOS/lcFOS for 8 weeks. Altogether, this study suggests that dietary scGOS/lcFOS supplementation is able to promote presumably healthy gut microbiota and improve bone mineral density, but not inflammation, in arthritis-prone mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Rogier
- Experimental Rheumatology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas H. A. Ederveen
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Harm Wopereis
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anita Hartog
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- NIZO food research, Ede, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Boekhorst
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- NIZO food research, Ede, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jan Knol
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marije I. Koenders
- Experimental Rheumatology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Effect of Chlorella Pyrenoidosa Protein Hydrolysate-Calcium Chelate on Calcium Absorption Metabolism and Gut Microbiota Composition in Low-Calcium Diet-Fed Rats. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17060348. [PMID: 31212630 PMCID: PMC6628084 DOI: 10.3390/md17060348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In our current investigation, we evaluated the effect of Chlorella pyrenoidosa protein hydrolysate (CPPH) and Chlorella pyrenoidosa protein hydrolysate-calcium chelate (CPPH-Ca) on calcium absorption and gut microbiota composition, as well as their in vivo regulatory mechanism in SD rats fed low-calcium diets. Potent major compounds in CPPH were characterized by HPLC-MS/MS, and the calcium-binding mechanism was investigated through ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy. Using high-throughput next-generation 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we analyzed the composition of gut microbiota in rats. Our study showed that HCPPH-Ca increased the levels of body weight gain, serum Ca, bone activity, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), while decreased serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and inhibited the morphological changes of bone. HCPPH-Ca up-regulated the gene expressions of transient receptor potential cation V5 (TRPV5), TRPV6, calcium-binding protein-D9k (CaBP-D9k) and a calcium pump (plasma membrane Ca-ATPase, PMCA1b). It also improved the abundances of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus. Bifidobacterium and Sutterella were both positively correlated with calcium absorption. Collectively, these findings illustrate the potential of HCPPH-Ca as an effective calcium supplement.
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Huang X, Liu T, Zhao M, Fu H, Wang J, Xu Q. Protective Effects of Moderate Ca Supplementation against Cd-Induced Bone Damage under Different Population-Relevant Doses in Young Female Rats. Nutrients 2019; 11:E849. [PMID: 30991710 PMCID: PMC6521033 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Estimation of the skeleton-protective effects of Ca in Cd-induced bone damage is helpful in the assessment of Cd health risk. The aim of this study was to identify whether Ca supplementation during exposure to different population-relevant doses of Cd can prevent Cd-induced bone damage under the tolerable upper intake level of Ca supplementation. Young female Sprague-Dawley rats were given different population-relevant doses of Cd (1, 5, and 50 mg Cd/kg diet) and Ca supplementation (0.4% Ca supplementation) intervention. Ca supplementation significantly decreased Cd-induced bone microstructure damage, increased bone biomechanics (p < 0.05), serum bone formation marker level (p < 0.05) and expression of osteogenic gene markers exposure to the 5 and 50 mg Cd/kg diets. However, it had no impact on these indicators under the 1 mg Cd/kg diets, with the exception of expression of osteogenic marker genes. Ca supplementation significantly decreased serum Klotho level (p < 0.05), and fibroblast growth factor 23/Klotho-associated gene expression in the kidney and bone showed significant changes. In conclusion, Ca supplementation has a positive effect on bone formation and bone quality against the damaging impact of Cd, especially with exposure to the 5 mg and 50 mg Cd/kg diet, which may be related to its impact on the fibroblast growth factor 23/Klotho axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China.
| | - Teng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China.
| | - Meng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China.
| | - Haowei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China.
| | - Jinming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China.
| | - Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, 210009 Nanjing, China.
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Seijo M, Bryk G, Zeni Coronel M, Bonanno M, Río ME, Pita Martín de Portela ML, Zeni SN. Effect of Adding a Galacto-Oligosaccharides/Fructo-Oligosaccharides (GOS/FOS®) Mixture to a Normal and Low Calcium Diet, on Calcium Absorption and Bone Health in Ovariectomy-Induced Osteopenic Rats. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 104:301-312. [PMID: 30390108 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-018-0490-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Menopause is associated with bone loss. Prebiotics increase Ca, inorganic phosphorus (Pi), and Mg absorption, improving bone health. These increases would supply an extra amount of minerals, decreasing bone resorption and possibly reversing ovariectomy-induced bone loss. The present experimental study sought to evaluate the effect of adding a prebiotic GOS/FOS® mixture to a normal or a low Ca diet on Ca, Pi, and Mg absorption, in osteopenic rats. Four groups of n = 8 rats each were OVX, and 8 rats were SHAM operated. All rats were fed a commercial diet for 45 days. They were then fed one of the following diet for 45 days: C-0.5%: SHAM fed AIN 93 M containing 0.5%Ca; O-0.5% and O-0.3%: OVX rats fed AIN 93 M, containing 0.5% or 0.3%Ca, respectively; GF-0.5% and GF-0.3%: OVX rats fed AIN 93 M, containing 0.5% or 0.3%Ca+ 2.5% GOS/FOS®, respectively. At the end of the experimental time point, Ca, P, and MgAbs% was significantly higher in GF-0.5% and GF-0.3% as compared to the remaining groups (p < 0.01). Irrespective of diet Ca content, CTX decreased whereas femur Ca and P content, tibia BV/TV and GPC.Th, lumbar spine and proximal tibia BMD, bone strength, bone stiffness, and elastic modulus increased in the GF-0.5% and GF-0.3% groups as compared to O-0.5% and O-0.3%, respectively (p < 0.05). This prebiotic mixture would be a useful tool to prevent the increase in bone loss associated with menopause and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Seijo
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Laboratory, Clinical Hospital, Immunology, Genetic and Metabolism Institute (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Av. Córdoba 2351-8vo. Piso (1120), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Bryk
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Laboratory, Clinical Hospital, Immunology, Genetic and Metabolism Institute (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Av. Córdoba 2351-8vo. Piso (1120), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- General and Oral Biochemistry Department, School of Dentistry, Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Magalí Zeni Coronel
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Laboratory, Clinical Hospital, Immunology, Genetic and Metabolism Institute (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Av. Córdoba 2351-8vo. Piso (1120), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Bonanno
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Laboratory, Clinical Hospital, Immunology, Genetic and Metabolism Institute (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Av. Córdoba 2351-8vo. Piso (1120), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Esther Río
- National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Luz Pita Martín de Portela
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana Noemí Zeni
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Laboratory, Clinical Hospital, Immunology, Genetic and Metabolism Institute (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technologic Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Av. Córdoba 2351-8vo. Piso (1120), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- General and Oral Biochemistry Department, School of Dentistry, Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Tanabe K, Nakamura S, Moriyama-Hashiguchi M, Kitajima M, Ejima H, Imori C, Oku T. Dietary Fructooligosaccharide and Glucomannan Alter Gut Microbiota and Improve Bone Metabolism in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:867-874. [PMID: 30632742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota improved using prebiotics may delay the onset of senescence-related health problems. We hypothesized that prolonged intake of prebiotics delays senile osteoporosis. Forty-five male senescence-accelerated mouse prone 6 (SAMP6) aged four weeks were raised on 5% fructooligosaccharide (FOS), 5% glucomannan (GM), or a control diet for 31 weeks. Gut microbiota were identified using culture-dependent analytical methods. Mineral content in femoral bone was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Bone metabolism and inflammatory markers were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The numbers of Lactobacillus and Bacteroides in cecal contents were significantly higher in the FOS than in the control group ( p < 0.05); the number of Clostridium was significantly higher in the GM than in the control group ( p < 0.05). Calcium content was significantly higher in the femoral bones of the FOS group (30.5 ± 0.8 mg) than in the control group (27.5 ± 1.5 mg) ( p < 0.05). There was no difference between the GM (29.1 ± 2.0 mg) and control groups. During senescence, urinary deoxypyridinoline and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels significantly decreased in the FOS (1.2 ± 0.2 nmol/3 d and 80 ± 6.1 ng/100 mL) and GM groups (1.2 ± 0.2 nmol/3 d and 80 ± 6.1 ng/100 mL) compared with the control group (1.8 ± 0.5 nmol/3 d and 93 ± 7.4 ng/100 mL) ( p < 0.05). Thus, dietary FOS and GM modified gut microbiota and reduced bone resorption by reducing systemic inflammation in SAMP6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Tanabe
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nagoya Women's University , 3-40 Shioji-cho , Mizuho-ku, Nagoya , Aichi 467-8610 , Japan
| | - Sadako Nakamura
- Institute of Food, Nutrition & Health , Jumonji University , 2-1-28 Sugasawa , Niiza , Saitama 352-8510 , Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Tsuneyuki Oku
- Institute of Food, Nutrition & Health , Jumonji University , 2-1-28 Sugasawa , Niiza , Saitama 352-8510 , Japan
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Nishizono S, Hata H, Miyatake M, Kobayashi T, Matsubara J, Ito K, Tsuboi M, Sakatani Y, Yamaguchi M, Sameshima H. Mechanism Underlying the Preventive Effect of Hyuganatsu Orange (<i>Citrus tamurana</i> Hort. ex Tanaka) on Osteoporosis. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.25.569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Taichi Kobayashi
- Center for Collaborative Research & Community Cooperation, University of Miyazaki
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Kleinjans L, Veening-Griffioen DH, Wehkamp T, van Bergenhenegouwen J, Knol J, Garssen J, Knippels LMJ, Belzer C, Jeurink PV. Mice co-administrated with partially hydrolysed whey proteins and prebiotic fibre mixtures show allergen-specific tolerance and a modulated gut microbiota. Benef Microbes 2018; 10:165-178. [PMID: 30525954 DOI: 10.3920/bm2018.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-breastfed infants at-risk of allergy are recommended to use a hydrolysed formula before the age of 6 months. The addition of prebiotics to this formula may reduce the allergy development in these infants, but clinical evidence is still inconclusive. This study evaluates (1) whether the exposure duration to different prebiotics alongside a partially hydrolysed whey protein (pHP) influences its' effectiveness to prevent allergy development and (2) whether the gut microbiota plays a role in this process. Mice orally sensitised with whey and/or cholera toxin were orally treated for six days before sensitization with phosphate buffered saline, whey or pHP to potentially induce tolerance. Two groups received an oligosaccharide diet only from day -7 until -2 (GFshort and GFAshort) whereas two other groups received their diets from day -15 until 37 (GFlong and GFAlong). On day 35, mice underwent an intradermal whey challenge, and the acute allergic skin response, shock score, and body temperatures were measured. At day 37, mice received whey orally and serum mouse mast cell protease-1, SLPI and whey-specific antibodies were assessed. Faecal samples were taken at day -15, -8 and 34. Feeding mice pHP alone during tolerance induction did not reduce ear swelling. The tolerance inducing mechanisms seem to vary according to the oligosaccharide-composition. GFshort, GFlong, and GFAlong reduced the allergic skin response, whereas GFAshort was not potent enough. However, in the treatment groups, the dominant Lactobacillus species decreased, being replaced by Bacteroidales family S24-7 members. In addition, the relative abundance of Prevotella was significantly higher in the GFlong, GFAshort and GFAlong groups. Co-administration of oligosaccharides and pHP can induce immunological tolerance in mice, although tolerance induction was strongest in the animals that were fed oligosaccharides during the entire protocol. Some microbial changes coincided with tolerance induction, however, a specific mechanism could not be determined based on these data.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kleinjans
- 3 Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - D H Veening-Griffioen
- 1 Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.,2 Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - T Wehkamp
- 1 Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.,2 Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J van Bergenhenegouwen
- 1 Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.,2 Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J Knol
- 1 Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.,3 Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - J Garssen
- 1 Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.,2 Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - L M J Knippels
- 1 Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.,2 Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - C Belzer
- 3 Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - P V Jeurink
- 1 Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.,2 Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Hou T, Lu Y, Guo D, Liu W, Shi W, He H. A pivotal peptide (Val-Ser-Glu-Glu) from duck egg white promotes calcium uptake and structure-activity relationship study. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Pieralice S, Vigevano F, Del Toro R, Napoli N, Maddaloni E. Lifestyle Management of Diabetes: Implications for the Bone-Vascular Axis. Curr Diab Rep 2018; 18:84. [PMID: 30121859 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-018-1060-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To describe the main pathways involved in the interplay between bone and cardiovascular disease and to highlight the possible impact of physical activity and medical nutrition therapy on the bone-vascular axis. RECENT FINDINGS Diabetes increases the risk of both cardiovascular disease and bone fragility fractures, sharing common pathogenic pathways, including OPG/RANK/RANKL, the FGF23/Klotho axis, calciotropic hormones, and circulating osteogenic cells. This may offer new therapeutic targets for future treatment strategies. As lifestyle intervention is the cornerstone of diabetes treatment, there is potential for an impact on the bone-vascular axis. Evidence published suggests the bone-vascular axis encompasses key pathways for cardiovascular disease. This, along with studies showing physical activity plays a crucial role in the prevention of both bone fragility and cardiovascular disease, suggests that lifestyle intervention incorporating exercise and diet may be helpful in managing skeletal health decline in diabetes. Studies investigating the controversial role of high-fiber diet and dietary vitamin D/calcium on bone and cardiovascular health suggest an overall benefit, but further investigations are needed in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pieralice
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Vigevano
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Del Toro
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Napoli
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Ernesto Maddaloni
- Department of Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy.
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In vitro digestibility and fermentability of fructo-oligosaccharides produced by Aspergillus ibericus. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
Increasing interest in functional foods has driven discovery in the area of bioactive compounds. Prebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrate compounds that, when consumed, elicit health benefits and aid in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. While prebiotics have been shown to improve a number of chronic, inflammatory conditions, growing evidence exists for prebiotic effects on calcium metabolism and bone health. These novel dietary fibers have been shown to increase calcium absorption in the lower intestines of both preclinical and human models. Rodent models have also been imperative for understanding prebiotic effects on bone mineral density and measures of skeletal strength. Although fewer data are available for humans, bone-related prebiotic effects exist across the lifecycle, suggesting benefits for attainment of peak bone mass during adolescence and minimized bone resorption among postmenopausal women. These effects are thought to occur through prebiotic-microbe interactions in the large intestine. Current prebiotic mechanisms for improved mineral absorption and skeletal health include alterations in gut microbiota composition, production of short-chain fatty acids, altered intestinal pH, biomarker modification, and immune system regulation. While the majority of available data support improved mineral bioavailability, emerging evidence suggests alternate microbial roles and the presence of an intricate gut-bone signaling axis. Overall, the current scientific literature supports prebiotic consumption as a cost-effective and sustainable approach for improved skeletal health and/or fracture prevention. The goal of this review is to discuss both foundational and recent research in the area of prebiotics, mineral metabolism, and bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrie M Whisner
- School of Nutrition & Health Promotion, Arizona State University, 500 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA.
| | - Luisa F Castillo
- School of Nutrition & Health Promotion, Arizona State University, 500 North 5th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
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Hou T, Tako E. The In Ovo Feeding Administration (Gallus Gallus)-An Emerging In Vivo Approach to Assess Bioactive Compounds with Potential Nutritional Benefits. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040418. [PMID: 29597266 PMCID: PMC5946203 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the in ovo feeding in fertilized broiler (Gallus gallus) eggs approach was further developed and currently is widely applied in the evaluation process of the effects of functional foods (primarily plant origin compounds) on the functionality of the intestinal brush border membrane, as well as potential prebiotic properties and interactions with the intestinal microbial populations. This review collates the information of potential nutrients and their effects on the mineral absorption, gut development, brush border membrane functionality, and immune system. In addition, the advantages and limitations of the in ovo feeding method in the assessment of potential prebiotic effects of plant origin compounds is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, HuaZhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Elad Tako
- USDA-ARS, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Silvério SC, Macedo EA, Teixeira JA, Rodrigues LR. New β-galactosidase producers with potential for prebiotic synthesis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 250:131-139. [PMID: 29161572 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
β-Galactosidases (EC 3.2.1.23) are interesting enzymes with potential application in the pharmaceutical and food industry. In this work, a screening study was carried out to identify new fungal sources of β-galactosidase. A total of 50 fungi were evaluated using a chromogenic test performed in agar plates. The most promising microorganisms were validated as effective β-galactosidase producers under submerged fermentation conditions. The crude β-galactosidases were characterized regarding their optimal pH (3.0-5.5) and temperature (45-65 °C). All enzymes showed ability to synthesize lactose-based prebiotics, namely lactulose (maximal yield 3.3%) and a galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) (maximal yield 20%). Additionally, some enzymatic extracts with fructosyltransferase activity allowed to produce other type of prebiotics, namely fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS). This work, reports for the first time the simultaneous synthesis of different mixtures of GOS (2-15% yield and 0.07-0.5 g/L·h-1 productivity) and FOS (4-30% yield and 0.1-1 g/L·h-1 productivity) by crude extracts exhibiting dual enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara C Silvério
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Eugénia A Macedo
- Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials (LSRE-LCM), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - José A Teixeira
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Lígia R Rodrigues
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Graef JL, Ouyang P, Wang Y, Rendina-Ruedy E, Lerner MR, Marlow D, Lucas EA, Smith BJ. Dried Plum Polyphenolic Extract Combined with Vitamin K and Potassium Restores Trabecular and Cortical Bone in Osteopenic Model of Postmenopausal Bone Loss. J Funct Foods 2018; 42:262-270. [PMID: 30319713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dried plum has unique anabolic effects on bone, but the responsible bioactive components have remained unclear. This study investigated components of dried plum with potential osteoprotective activity utilizing aged, osteopenic Sprague Dawley rats fed diets supplemented with a crude polyphenol extract, potassium, vitamin K or their combination. Whole body and femoral bone mineral density were restored with the polyphenol and combination treatments to a similar extent as the dried fruit. The combination treatment reversed trabecular bone loss in the spine and cortical bone in the femur mid-diaphysis in a similar manner. Biomarkers of bone resorption were reduced by the polyphenol and combination treatments. The polyphenol extract accounted for most of the anabolic effect of dried plum on bone. This study is the first to show the bioactive components in dried plum responsible for restoring bone in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Graef
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 301 Human Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078
| | - Ping Ouyang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 301 Human Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 301 Human Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078
| | - Elizabeth Rendina-Ruedy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 301 Human Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078
| | - Megan R Lerner
- Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104
| | - Denver Marlow
- Comparative Medicine Group, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
| | - Edralin A Lucas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 301 Human Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078
| | - Brenda J Smith
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 301 Human Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078
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Hou T, Liu Y, Guo D, Li B, He H. Collagen Peptides from Crucian Skin Improve Calcium Bioavailability and Structural Characterization by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:8847-8854. [PMID: 28915036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The effects of collagen peptides (CPs), which are derived from crucian skin, were investigated in a retinoic acid-induced bone loss model. The level of serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) in the model group (117.65 ± 4.66 units/L) was significantly higher than those of the other three groups (P < 0.05). After treatment with 600 and 1200 mg of CPs/kg, the level of BALP decreased to 85.26 ± 7.35 and 97.03 ± 7.21 units/L, respectively. After treatment with 600 mg of CPs/kg, the bone calcium content significantly increased by 22% (femur) and 12.38% (tibia) compared to those of the model group. In addition, the bone mineral density in the 600 mg of CPs/kg group was significantly higher (femur, 0.37 ± 0.02 g/cm2; tibia, 0.33 ± 0.02 g/cm2) than in the model group (femur, 0.26 ± 0.01 g/cm2; tibia, 0.23 ± 0.02 g/cm2). The morphology results indicated bone structure improved after the treatment with CPs. Structural characterization demonstrated that Glu, Lys, and Arg play important roles in binding calcium and promoting calcium uptake. Our results indicated that CPs could promote calcium uptake and regulate bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education , Wuhan 43000, China
| | - Yanshuang Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education , Wuhan 43000, China
| | - Danjun Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education , Wuhan 43000, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education , Wuhan 43000, China
| | - Hui He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education , Wuhan 43000, China
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Optimization of the Time Window of Interest in Ovariectomized Imprinting Control Region Mice for Antiosteoporosis Research. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8417814. [PMID: 29119115 PMCID: PMC5651096 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8417814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to determine the optimal window of time during which the properties of osteoporosis are obvious and to explore the best region of interest for microstructural evaluation in antiosteoporosis research in an ovariectomized mouse model by examining changes in micro-computed tomography parameters and serum indices. Ovariectomized mice and sham-operated mice were randomly divided into five groups. At the end of the 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th, and 20th weeks after ovariectomy, the microstructure of the proximal tibia and distal femur was scanned by micro-computed tomography and blood samples were collected to detect serum biochemical indicators including alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (P1NP), and C-terminal telopeptide fragment of type I collagen (CTX1). The trabecular number and connectivity density decreased while the trabecular thickness and trabecular separation increased, indicating substantial changes in the trabecular microstructure of both the tibia and femur and significant changes in bone turnover after ovariectomy, as indicated by lower levels of serum alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and P1NP and higher level of CTX1 in the ovariectomy than sham group. The proximal tibia from weeks 8 to 16 after ovariectomy was optimal for osteoporosis research in this model.
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Intra-Amniotic Administration (Gallus gallus) of Cicer arietinum and Lens culinaris Prebiotics Extracts and Duck Egg White Peptides Affects Calcium Status and Intestinal Functionality. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070785. [PMID: 28754012 PMCID: PMC5537899 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca) is one of the most abundant inorganic elements in the human body and has many important physiological roles. Prebiotics and bioactive peptides are two important substances used to promote calcium uptake. However, the difference in mechanisms of the calcium uptake from these two supplements is not clear. By using the Gallus gallus model and the intra-amniotic administration procedure, the aim of this study was to investigate whether Ca status, intestinal functionality, and health-promoting bacterial populations were affected by prebiotics extracted from chickpea and lentil, and duck egg white peptides (DPs). Eleven groups (non-injected; 18 MΩ H2O; 4 mmol/L CaCl2; 50 mg/mL chickpea + 4 mmol/L CaCl2; 50 mg/mL lentil + 4 mmol/L CaCl2; 40 mg/mL DPs + 4 mmol/L CaCl2; 5 mg/mL Val-Ser-Glu-Glu (VSEE) + 4 mmol/L CaCl2; 50 mg/mL chickpea; 50 mg/mL lentil; 40 mg/mL DPs; 5 mg/mL VSEE) were utilized. Upon hatch, blood, cecum, small intestine, liver and bone were collected for assessment of serum bone alkaline phosphate level (BALP), the relative abundance of intestinal microflora, expression of Ca-related genes, brush border membrane (BBM) functional genes, and liver and bone mineral levels, respectively. The BALP level increased in the presence of lentil, DPs and VSEE (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of probiotics increased significantly (p < 0.05) by VSEE + Ca and chickpea. The expression of CalbindinD9k (Ca transporter) increased (p < 0.05) in Ca, chickpea + Ca and lentil + Ca groups. In addition, the brush border membrane functionality genes expressions increased (p < 0.05) by the chickpea or lentil extracts. Prebiotics and DPs beneficially affected the intestinal microflora and duodenal villus surface area. This research expands the understanding of the prebiotics’ properties of chickpea and lentil extracts, and peptides’ effects on calcium metabolism and gut health.
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Krupa-Kozak U, Markiewicz LH, Lamparski G, Juśkiewicz J. Administration of Inulin-Supplemented Gluten-Free Diet Modified Calcium Absorption and Caecal Microbiota in Rats in a Calcium-Dependent Manner. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9070702. [PMID: 28684691 PMCID: PMC5537817 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In coeliac disease (CD), the risk of adverse calcium balance and reduced bone density is induced mainly by the disease, but also by a gluten-free diet (GFD), the only accepted CD therapy. Prebiotics through the beneficial impact on intestinal microbiota may stimulate calcium (Ca) absorption. In the present study, we hypothesised that the dietary inulin in GFD would influence positively the intestinal microbiota, and by that will stimulate the absorption of calcium (Ca), especially in the conditions of Ca malnutrition. In a six-weeks nutritional experiment on growing a significant (p < 0.05) luminal acidification, decrease in ammonia concentration and stimulation of short chain fatty acids formation indicated inulin-mediated beneficial effects on the caecal microbiota. However, the effect of inulin on characteristics of intestinal microbiota and mineral utilization depended on the dietary Ca intake from GFDs. Inulin stimulated bifidobacteria, in particular B. animalis species, only if a recommended amount of Ca was provided. Most benefits to mineral utilization from inulin consumption were seen in rats fed Ca-restricted GFD where it increased the relative Ca absorption. Administration of inulin to a GFDs could be a promising dietary strategy for beneficial modulation of intestinal ecosystem and by that for the improvement the Ca absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Krupa-Kozak
- Department of Chemistry and Biodynamics of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima St., 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Lidia H Markiewicz
- Department of Immunology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima St., 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Lamparski
- Sensory Laboratory, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima St., 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Juśkiewicz
- Department of Biological Function of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima St., 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Eaimworawuthikul S, Thiennimitr P, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Diet-induced obesity, gut microbiota and bone, including alveolar bone loss. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 78:65-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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A fermented milk concentrate and a combination of short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides/long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides/pectin-derived acidic oligosaccharides protect suckling rats from rotavirus gastroenteritis. Br J Nutr 2017; 117:209-217. [PMID: 28166850 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516004566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Human milk contains bioactive compounds that confer a protective role against gastrointestinal infections. In order to find supplements for an infant formula able to mimic these benefits of breast-feeding, two different concepts were tested. The products consisted of the following: (1) a Bifidobacterium breve- and Streptococcus thermophilus-fermented formula and (2) a combination of short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides/long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides with pectin-derived acidic oligosaccharides. A rotavirus infection suckling rat model was used to evaluate improvements in the infectious process and in the immune response of supplemented animals. Both nutritional concepts caused amelioration of the clinical symptoms, even though this was sometimes hidden by softer stool consistency in the supplemented groups. Both products also showed certain modulation of immune response, which seemed to be enhanced earlier and was accompanied by a faster resolution of the process. The viral shedding and the in vitro blocking assay suggest that these products are able to bind the viral particles, which can result in a milder infection. In conclusion, both concepts evaluated in this study showed interesting protective properties against rotavirus infection, which deserve to be investigated further.
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45
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Rigo-Adrover M, Saldaña-Ruíz S, van Limpt K, Knipping K, Garssen J, Knol J, Franch A, Castell M, Pérez-Cano FJ. A combination of scGOS/lcFOS with Bifidobacterium breve M-16V protects suckling rats from rotavirus gastroenteritis. Eur J Nutr 2016; 56:1657-1670. [PMID: 27112962 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1213-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rotavirus (RV) is the leading cause of severe diarrhoea among infants and young children, and although more standardized studies are needed, there is evidence that probiotics can help to fight against RV and other infectious and intestinal pathologies. On the other hand, the effects of prebiotics have not been properly addressed in the context of an RV infection. The aim of this study was to demonstrate a protective role for a specific scGOS/lcFOS 9:1 prebiotic mixture (PRE) separately, the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve M-16V (PRO) separately and the combination of the prebiotic mixture and the probiotic (synbiotic, SYN) in a suckling rat RV infection model. METHODS The animals received the intervention from the 3rd to the 21st day of life by oral gavage. On day 7, RV was orally administered. Clinical parameters and immune response were evaluated. RESULTS The intervention with the PRO reduced the incidence, severity and duration of the diarrhoea (p < 0.05). The PRE and SYN products improved clinical parameters as well, but a change in stool consistency induced by the PRE intervention hindered the observation of this effect. Both the PRE and the SYN, but not the PRO, significantly reduced viral shedding. All interventions modulated the specific antibody response in serum and intestinal washes at day 14 and 21 of life. CONCLUSIONS A daily supplement of a scGOS/lcFOS 9:1 prebiotic mixture, Bifidobacterium breve M-16V or a combination of both is highly effective in modulating RV-induced diarrhoea in this preclinical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rigo-Adrover
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Saldaña-Ruíz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - K Knipping
- Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Garssen
- Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Knol
- Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Franch
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Castell
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - F J Pérez-Cano
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain. .,Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Barcelona, Spain.
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Florowska A, Krygier K, Florowski T, Dłużewska E. Prebiotics as functional food ingredients preventing diet-related diseases. Food Funct 2016; 7:2147-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01459j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the potential of prebiotic-containing foods in the prevention or postponement of certain diet-related diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases with hypercholesterolemia, osteoporosis, diabetes, gastrointestinal infections and gut inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Florowska
- Department of Food Technology
- Faculty of Food Sciences
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW
- 02-787 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - K. Krygier
- Department of Food Technology
- Faculty of Food Sciences
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW
- 02-787 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - T. Florowski
- Department of Food Technology
- Faculty of Food Sciences
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW
- 02-787 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - E. Dłużewska
- Department of Food Technology
- Faculty of Food Sciences
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW
- 02-787 Warsaw
- Poland
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McCabe L, Britton RA, Parameswaran N. Prebiotic and Probiotic Regulation of Bone Health: Role of the Intestine and its Microbiome. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2015; 13:363-71. [PMID: 26419466 PMCID: PMC4623939 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-015-0292-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in our understanding of how the intestinal microbiome contributes to health and disease have generated great interest in developing strategies for modulating the abundance of microbes and/or their activity to improve overall human health and prevent pathologies such as osteoporosis. Bone is an organ that the gut has long been known to regulate through absorption of calcium, the key bone mineral. However, it is clear that modulation of the gut and its microbiome can affect bone density and strength in a variety of animal models (zebrafish, rodents, chicken) and humans. This is demonstrated in studies ablating the microbiome through antibiotic treatment or using germ-free mouse conditions as well as in studies modulating the microbiome activity and composition through prebiotic and/or probiotic treatment. This review will discuss recent developments in this new and exciting area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura McCabe
- Department of Physiology, Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, Biomedical Physical Science Building, 567 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, Biomedical Physical Science Building, 846 Service Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Robert A Britton
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Narayanan Parameswaran
- Department of Physiology, Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, Biomedical Physical Science Building, 567 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Bryk G, Coronel MZ, Lugones C, Mandalunis P, Rio ME, Gualtieri AF, de Portela MLPM, Zeni SN. Effect of a mixture of GOS/FOS® on calcium absorption and retention during recovery from protein malnutrition: experimental model in growing rats. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:2445-2458. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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49
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Probiotics (Bifidobacterium longum) Increase Bone Mass Density and Upregulate Sparc and Bmp-2 Genes in Rats with Bone Loss Resulting from Ovariectomy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:897639. [PMID: 26366421 PMCID: PMC4558422 DOI: 10.1155/2015/897639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganisms that exert beneficial effects on the host, when administered in adequate amounts. Mostly, probiotics affect the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of the host and alter the composition of gut microbiota. Nowadays, the incidence of hip fractures due to osteoporosis is increasing worldwide. Ovariectomized (OVX) rats have fragile bone due to estrogen deficiency and mimic the menopausal conditions in women. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) on bone mass density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), bone remodeling, bone structure, and gene expression in OVX rats. The rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups (sham, OVX, and the OVX group supplemented with 1 mL of B. longum 108–109 colony forming units (CFU)/mL). B. longum was given once daily for 16 weeks, starting from 2 weeks after the surgery. The B. longum supplementation increased (p < 0.05) serum osteocalcin (OC) and osteoblasts, bone formation parameters, and decreased serum C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) and osteoclasts, bone resorption parameters. It also altered the microstructure of the femur. Consequently, it increased BMD by increasing (p < 0.05) the expression of Sparc and Bmp-2 genes. B. longum alleviated bone loss in OVX rats and enhanced BMD by decreasing bone resorption and increasing bone formation.
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